Skip to main content

Full text of "Notes and queries"

See other formats 


Presented  to  the 

UNIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO 
LIBRARY 

by  the 

ONTARIO  LEGISLATIVE 
LIBRARY 

1980 


*       '.  '• 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES: 


JtUMuttt 


FOR 


LITERARY     MEN,     GENERAL    READERS,     ETC. 


"When  found,  make  a  note  of." — CAPTAIN  CUTTLE. 


TWELFTH     SERIES.— VOLUME    V. 
JANUARY — DECEMBER,  1919. 


LONDON: 

PUBLISHED  BY 

THE     TIMES     PUBLISHING     COMPANY    (LIMITED), 
PRINTING  HOUSE  SQUARE,  E.C.4. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


12  8.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON,  JANUARY,  1919. 


C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S.  —  No.  88. 

NOTES:— The  Royal  Arms:  a  Suggested  Change,  1— 
Samuel  Owen,  Uncle  of  August  Strindberg,  3— Shake- 
speariana,  4 -British  Navy,  1587-1919— Prisoners  of  War 
and  their  Letters  in  1753— Sir  Thomas  Browne  :  Tom 
Brown,  6 -St.  Trunnion:  his  Identity— "  Diukum  Whop" 
— The  Judges'  Level — Rutter  Family  Name,  7 — Markshall 
and  Fuller  Family—  Elsinore— Empson  E.  Middleton,  8. 
QUERIES  :—  "  Qusrel:e  o'Allemand  ' '—  Scottish  Chiefs- 
Oath  of  Fealty:  Edward  III.— Col.  A.  R.  Macdoneh's 
Duel  with  Norman  Macleod,  9  —  Penrhyn  Devil  as  a 
Knocker  —  Homes  of  Foulshotlaw  :  Janet  Diclrson  — 
Kinghorn  of  Fireburnmill— The  Constant  Reformation, 
Flagship  :  its  Chaplain — 'Anthologia  Graeca'  :  Epictetus — 
Maw  Family,  10— '  Index  Ecclesiasticus,  1550-1800'— St. 
Bees  Alumni — Disraeli  on  Gladstone — Niccolb  da  Uzzano 
—Joseph  Clover  of  Norwich  —  "  Daverdy  ":  "  Pipchin- 
esque" — George  Powell,  the  Dramatist— Earl  of  Beacons- 
field  :  the  first  Lord  Lytton  :  Martin  Tapper,  11— Burrell, 
CenteuHrian — Austrian  Money  coined  at  the  London 
Mint — Napoleon  and  Lord  John  Russell — "Baptiste  Man- 
tuani Carmelite" — Hon.  Lieut.  George  Stewart— Edmund 
Clerke,  Clerk  of  the  Privy  Seal,  12— Lakes  Pascholler  and 
Calendari,  near  Thusis  —  Neate  —  Newman  —  Paten  or 
Salver  ?— Stags  and  Eglantine  :  Elizabethan  Court  Story, 
13—"  Go  to  Exeter  "  :  Murder  Trial — '  The  Newcomes' — 
Crow-Fig— Priuientius's  '  Psychomachia'— A.  B.  Wright, 
Local  Historian  and  Actor — Egioke  Family— Orlingbury 
Fami'y,  14  —  Graves  planted  with  Flowers  —  Authors 
Waiiteil,  15. 

REPLIES  :- Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  East  Londoner,  15  — 
Henry  I.:  a  Gloucester  Charter,  Itf— War  Slang:  Regi- 
mental Wicknames,  18  —  Lines  under  a  Crucifix,  19  — 
Dessin's  Hotel,  Calais,  20 — Sol  as  a  Woman's  Name  in 
England— Richard  I.  in  Captivity— Craggs  and  Nicholson 
Families,  21  —  Aristotle  on  the  Greek  Temperament  — 
"  Heater-shaped  "—Ancient  Order  of  Foresters  :  Blue  Eye 
— Merchant  Marks  and  Ancieat  Finger-Rings,  22  —Rev. 
Sir  Robert  Peat,  23 -The  Pope's  Crosier— Icke  Family— 
"  Biajer"— Leap  Year:  Lady's  Offer  of  Marriage,  24— 
Boys  born  in  May— White  Horse  of  Kent:  Landscape 
White  Horses  —  Hotel  Bristol  — '  Malbrook  ' — Ismenia — 
"Hell  for  leather,"  2^— Epitaph  to  a  Slave— Heraldic  : 
Captor  and  his  Captives'  Arms— Le  Cateau  :  Cambrai— 
Authors  Wanted,  2*5. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:  — 'Shakespeare's  Workmanship'— 
'  Bibliography  of  Works  by  Officers  and  Men  of  the  Royal 
Artillery.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY  :-J.  S.  Shedlock. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  ROYAL  ARMS: 
A  SUGGESTED  CHANGE. 

To  the  number  of  '  N.  &  Q.'   for  October 
1917    (12   S.    iii.    435),   I   sent   a   somewhat 
lengthy  note  on  the  above  subject.     This 
was  preceded  by  a  suggestion  made  by  Mr 
Faithfull  Begg  in  The  looming  Post  in  July 
1917,  that  the  change  of  the  family  name 
of   our   Royal   House    to   that   of   Windsor 
might  be  fittingly  marked  by  substituting 
for  the  reduplicated  three  lions  of  Englanc 
in   the   fourth   quarter   of   the   royal    arms 


ome    charge    representing    India    and    our 

Overseas     Dominions.     He     suggested     for 

hat      purpose      "  a     double  -  headed     lion 

passant      guardant,     the      heads     severally 

crowned,   one    for   India   and    one    for  the 

Overseas   Dominions,    thus    indicating    dis- 

inct    individual  sovereignty    with  absolute 

unity." 

Mr.    Begg's  letter   drew  forth  no   reply  ; 
and  I,  thinking  that  the  daily  press  was  not 
quite  the  vehicle  for  a  discussion  upon  such 
technical    subject,    subsequently    raised 
he  whole  question  in  '  N.  &  Q .'   as  above 
stated,    and,  for  the    reasons    there    given, 
[    opposed    Mr.    Begg's    suggestion.     There 
also  the  matter  ended  without  further  dis- 
cussion. 

At  the  end  of  July  last,  however,  Mr. 
Faithfull  Begg  returned  to  the  subject, 
and  in  the  same  journal ;  but  instead  of  a 
single  charge  he  now  advocated  two  em- 
blems, one  —  an  elephant  —  representing 
India,  in  the  fourth  quarter  of  the  royal 
arms,  and  the  other,  on  an  inescutcheon, 

a  sun  in  splendour,  arising  from  the  sea, 
the  rays  to  represent  the  several  Dominions 
and  Crown  Colonies."  Again,  in  The  Morn- 
ing Post  this  time,  I  combated  the  idea,  and 
for  the  same  reason.  This  resulted  in  a 
somewhat  lengthy  discussion.  Realizing  as 
I  do  that  the  daily  press  is  of  too  ephemeral 
a  character  for  the  discussion  of  such  a 
subject,  to  which  no  proper  index  or  re- 
ference could  eventually  be  found,  I  thought 
that  I  might  again  venture  to  address 
readers  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  the  natural  medium, 
I  think,  for  heraldic  subjects  open  to  public 
discussion. 

I  do  not  propose  to  do  more  now  than  to 
allude  very  generally  to  the  arguments 
against  the  proposed  change  which  I  made 
at  the  above  reference,  as  they  are  accessible 
to  all  readers,  beyond  stating  that  I  see  no 
reason  to  alter  them  owing  to  the  discussion 
which  has  since  taken  place  in  The  Morning 
Post ;  for  I  hold  still  that  any  representation 
of  India  in  the  royal  arms  is  unsuitable  for 
the  reasons  there  given,  and  of  our  Over- 
seas Dominions  unnecessary,  on  the 
ground  that  they  are  already  sufficiently 
and,  heraldically,  correctly  represented 
therein. 

More  interest  appears  now  to  be  taken  in 
the  suggestion  that  I  made  that,  if  it  was 
thought  advisable  by  the  proper  authorities 
to  make  any  alteration  at  all  in  the  royal 
arms,  the  Principality  of  Wales  might  be 
given  the  honour  of  representation  in  the 
fourth  quarter  in  lieu  of  the  present  re- 
duplicated three  English  lions  ;  thus  com- 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1919. 


Dieting  my  contention  that  then  every 
member  of  our  Overseas  Dominions  would 
be  represented  in  the  royal  arms  as 
being  the  direct  descendant,  heraldical  y 
sneaking,  of  an  English,  Scottish,  Irish, 
o?  Wefsh  man,  and  as  such  entitled 
to  share  in  our  royal  arms  and  fly  the 


a  several   letters   from  Welsh 

correspondents,    one    of   whom,    a    Scottish 
F.S.Ar,  writes  to  me  as  follows  :— 

'"The  attempt  to  oust  the  leek  as  a  national 
emblem  in  favour  of  a  doubtful  daffodil,  the 
nlacin^of  a  daffodil  in  the  watermark  on  the  new 
treasury  notes,  and  the  idea  of  quartering  the 
Colonies  and  India  on  the  arms  while  the  Welsh 
dragon  does  not  appear,  is  repulsive  to  the 
national  pride,  and  would  be  resented." 

I  had  suggested  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  that  the  red 
dragon  might  be  adopted  as  the  national 
emblem  of  Wales,  though  one  cannot  shut 
one's  eves  to  the  fact  that  it  is  only  the 
national  badge,  and  not  the  arms  of  the 
country  This  renewed  discussion,  however, 
as  to  What  is  the  most  fitting  emblem  to 
represent  Wales  in  the  event  of  any  such 
suggested  change  in  the  royal  arms  being 
carried  into  effect,  has  led  me  to  reconsider 
the  question  how  Jar  the  red  dragon  would 
bo  really  appropriate  for  that  purpose. 
The  result  of  this  reconsideration  is  shown 
in  a  further  letter  to  The  Mornmg  Post  of 
Aug.  28  last,  an  extract  from  which  I  would 
ask  permission  to  refer  to  here.  After 
stating  Boutell's  opinion  ('  Hera^ry,  His- 
torical and  Popular,'  1864,  p.  ,524)  that 
the  arms  of  Wales  might  presumably  be 
held  to  be  represented  in  the  arms  o 
land,  I  wrote  :— 

"  Wales  seems  long  ago  to  have  been  divided 
into  North  and  South,  Boutell  is  again  very 
instructive  on  this  point.  He  states  (p.!  325) 
that  the  arms  of  the  Principality  of  Wales 
and  4,  Gules,  a  lion  passant  guardant 


Henry  VII.,  bore  «eparately  for  the  Principality 
Argent,  three  lions  coward  m  pale,  gules.  He 
adds  a  note  that  this  last  coat  is  said  to  have 
been  assigned  specifically  to  North  Wales,  while 
?he  arms  of  South  Wales  were  the  above-men- 
tioned quartered  lions  rampant.  These  several 
bearings  are  all  shown  in  plate  Ix. 

"  The  late  Bev.  Dr.  Woodward,  a  later  but 
ecraally  reliable  authority,  at  p.  237  of  vol.  i. 
of  his  '  Heraldrv,  British  and  Foreign  (1896), 
also  gives  the  before-mentioned  quartered  lions 
Dassant  guardant  as  the  -arms  borne  by  Llewyllyn 
JSHSffHfc,  Prince  of  North  Wales,  but  states 
that  -they  were  still  used  as  the  arms  of  the 
Principality  of  Wales. 


"  According  to  these  authorities,  ancient  arms 
for  Wales — both  North  and  South — certainly 
did  exist.  Bat  which  of  these  three  distinct 
coats  should  be  selected  to  represent  Wales  if  it 
presently  be  decided  that  she  should  be  repre- 
sented in  any  new  royal  arms  ?  It  will  be  a 
curious  coincidence  if  the  question  should  turn 
out  to  be  the  substitution  of  Welsh  lions  for 
English  ones  !  But  from  which  coat  ?  Surely, 
not  that  of  North  Wales,  as  given  by  Mr.  Boutell. 
The  tail  of  the  British  lion  may  often  have  been 
twisted  in  days  gone  by,  but  I  scarcely  think 
that  we  can  allow  that  of  its  Welsh  confrere 
to  remain  permanently  between  its  legs  (i.e., 
'coward  ')." 

And  I  went  on  to  say  that,  in  face  of  this 
evidence  of  the  existence  of  ancient  arms 
of  the  -Principality,  I  could  no  longer  suggest 
that  the  red  dragon  should  be  promoted 
from  the  dignity  of  a  u  badge,"  or  a  "  sup- 
porter," to  an  equal  share  in  the  royal  arms. 

I  also  mentioned  that  there  would  seem 
to  be  another  reason  why  the  red  dragon 
would  not,  perhaps,  be  suitable  as  a  com- 
ponent part  of  the  royal  arms.  Since  the 
general  disuse  of  the  numerous  personal 
badges  used  by  our  sovereigns — which  dates 
from  the  time  of  Queen  Anne — the  royal 
badges  have  been  more  clearly  denned,  and 
now  consist,  as  settled  under  the  Sign 
Manual  in  1801,  of  the  rose,  the  thistle, 
and  the  shamrock,  for  England,  Scotland, 
and  Ireland  respectively,  whilst  "  a  dragon, 
wings  addorsed  gules,  passant  on  a  mount 
vert,"  represents  Wales. 

My  Welsh  correspondent  has  since  sent 
me,  a  propos  of  his  remarks  about  the  leek, 
a  copy  of  a  very  interesting  pamphlet  upon 
the  question  as  to  which  is  the  proper 
rational  emblem  for  Wales — the  leek  or  the 
daffodil — contributed  by  Mr.  A.  E.  Hughes 
to  vol.  xxvi.  of  the  Cymmrodorion  Society's 
publications  (1916),  which  society  had  pub- 
lished some  ten  years  before  a  paper  by 
Mr.  Ivor  B.  John  advocating  the  claim  of 
the  daffodil  to  that  honour. 

Mr.  Hughes  traces  the  connexion  of  the 
leek  with  Wales  from  the  time  of  the  battle 
of  Crecy  (1346),  when  that  flower— which 
abounded  on  the  battle-field— was  worn  by 
the  Welsh  in  their  head-pieces.  This  pre- 
supposes, of  course,  a  greater  antiquity. 
'  But,"  says  Mr.  Hughes  (p.  39), 
"  the  Crecy  tradition  has  indeed  shown  a  ten- 
dency to  cling  to  Court  circles  until  comparatively 
recent  times,  but  cannot,  apparently,  boast  of 
such  an  array  of  support  as  the  St.  David 
legend." 

He  also  refers  to  the  connexion  of  the  leek 
with  St.  David's  Day  (March  1),  and  cites 
evidence  that  in  the  time  of  the  Tudor 
sovereign  Henry  VIII.  the  yeomen  of  the 


12  8.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


King's  guard  presented  a  leek  on  St.  David's 
Day  to  his  elder  daughter,  the  Princess 
Mary. 

This  connexion  is  alluded  to  by  Shake- 
speare in  '  King  Henry  V.'  in  the  scene 
(Act  IV.  sc.  Vii.)  between  the  king  and  the 
Welshman  Fluellen,  which  would  appear 
to  be  the  ^arliest  reference  to  the  origin  of 
the  custom  in  English  literature.  It  is 
there  referred  to  as  "an  ancient 
custom."* 

This  pamphlet  makes  out,  I  think,  a  very 
strong  case  why  the  leek,  and  not  the 
daffodil,  should  be  regarded  as  the  national 
emblem  for  Wales.  But  was  not  this 
question  practically  concluded  in  favour 
of  the  leek  when  His  Majesty,  a  few 
years  ago,  ordained  that  the  leek  should 
be  worn,  as  we  now  see  it,  in  the  head- 
dress of  his  newly  formed  Welsh  Guards, 
in  conjunction  with  the  rose,  the  thistle, 
and  the  shamrock  of  the  other  royal  regi- 
ments of  foot-guards  ? 

Nevertheless,  the  red  dragon,  as  I  stated, 
borne  as  the  badge  of  the  old  Welch  Regi- 
ment, is  a  very  popular  cognizance  in  the 
public  estimation  ;  and  if  there  should  be  any 
difficulty,  heraldically,  in  deciding  upon  the 
proper  set  of  lions  to  represent  the  ancient 
arms  of  Wales,  the  choice  might  well  be 
left  to  His  Majesty  as  the  "  Fountain  of 
Honour."  In  which  case  the  leek  might 
well  take,  I  think,  the  place  of  the  red 
dragon,  if  the  latter  be  promoted  to  the 
rank  of  arms,  in  the  series  above  mentioned 
of  the  royal  badges,  and  would,  as  a  plant, 
be  more  consonant  to  the  other  national 
emblems,  the  rose,  the  thistle,  and  the 
shamrock. 

It  is  interesting  to  note  in  this  connexion 
the  circumstance,  to  which  Mr.  Hughes 
refers,  that  our  Tudor  sovereigns  wore 
green  and  white  as  their  royal  colours,  the 
colours  of  the  leek.  I  am  not  aware  of 
any  other  suggestion  as  to  the  origin  of 
the  Tudor  livery  colours,  for  they  are 
certainly  not  derived  from  the  tinctures 
of  their  arms,  as  is  usually  the  case  in 
these  matters. 

In  conclusion  we  may  all  agree  with 
Hotspur  when  he  says  : — 

The  arms  are  fair 
When  the  intent  of  (for)  bearing  them  is  just. 

<1  Henry  IV.,'  Act  V.  sc.  ii. 

J.  S.  UDAL,  F.S.A. 


*  See  also  Michael  Drayton's  '  Polyolbion,' 
published  in  1612,  and  his  '  Battle  "of  Agiacourt,' 
published  later. 


SAMUEL   OWEN, 
UNCLE   OF  AUGUST  STRINDBERG. 

SAMUEL  OWEN,  who,  as  his  name  indicates, 
probably  had  Welsh  blood  in  his  veins,  was 
born  at  no  great  distance  from  the  border 
between  Wales  and  England.  He  first  saw 
the  light  on  May  12,  1774,  at  Norton-in- 
Hales,  near  Market  Drayton,  Shropshire. 
The  boy  had  practically  no  schooling,  but 
was  set  to  look  after  geese,  pigs,  and  sheep. 
Later  on  he  worked  as  a  horse -driver  on 
the  canal,  and  then,  at  the  age  of  eighteen, 
was  apprenticed  to  a  carpenter.  Owen  soon 
displayed  considerable  mechanical  ability, 
and  attracted  attention  by  his  eagerness  to 
learn.  At  the  cost  of  great  sacrifices,  he 
acquired  knowledge  in  an  evening  school 
when  the  day's  work  was  done.  After  the 
lapse  of  some  years  he  left  his  native  county, 
and  worked  as  a  joiner  at  Bolt  on  and  at 
Watt's  new  factory  near  Birmingham. 
Here  it  was  that  he  became  familiar  with  the 
steam  -  engine  —  knowledge  which  was 
destined  to  stand  him  in  good  stead.  Next 
he  proceeded  to  a  works  at  Leeds,  whence 
he  was  sent  to  Stockholm  in  1804  to  set  up 
a  number  of  steam-engines  which  had  been 
bought  from  the  firm  by  a  prominent 
Swede.  In  1806  he  again  visited  Stock- 
holm for  a  similar  purpose,  and  this  time 
remained  in  Sweden  for  good.  For  three 
years  he  was  foreman  at  Bergsund  foundry, 
and  then  in  1809  he  started  at  Kungsholm 
in  Stockholm  a  foundry  and  machine- 
factory.  This  works  played  an  extremely 
important  part  in  the  development  of 
Swedish  industry.  Threshing-machines  and 
many  other  implements — often  the  first 
of  their  kind  in  Sweden — were  manufac- 
tured by  Samuel  Owen.  The  men  who  had 
worked  under  him  were  employed  by  other 
firms,  and  the  Kungsholm  works  thus 
became  a  centre  for  the  dissemination  of 
knowledge  in  engineering. 

Not  le'ss  useful  was  Owen's  activity  as  a 
shipbuilder.  He  is  known,  and  justly,  as 
the  father  of  the  Swedish  steamboat  in- 
dustry. It  is  worth  noting  that,  some 
time  before  John  Ericsson  satisfactorily 
demonstrated  the  possibilities  of  the  pro- 
peller, Owen  had  conducted  experiments 
with  a  boat  called  the  Witch  of  Stockholm. 
These  experiments  were  made  in  1816,  and 
King  Charles  XIV.,  who  took  a  great 
interest  in  Owen's  efforts,  had  a  vessel 
built  specially  for  further  investigations. 
The  latter  were,  however,  not  a  success, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JAN.,  1919. 


and  from  that  time  onwards  Owen  built 
paddle-boats  only.  The  first  steamer  of 
this  type  constructed  by  him  was  finished 
in  1817,  and  in  the  following  year  made 
voyages  on  Lake  Malar.  The  steamer  soon 
became  popular  in  Sweden,  and,  thanks  to 
Owen,  Sweden  was  the  first  European 
country  after  Great  Britain  to  have  a 
steamship  service  and"  a  steamship  in- 
dustry. In  recognition  of  his  services, 
Owen  was  macle  a  member  of  the  Swedish 
Academy  of  Sciences  and  of  the  Academy 
of  Agriculture. 

This  great  pioneer  never  became  rich. 
In  fact,  as  the  result  of  competition  and 
the  great  losses  he  had  suffered,  Samuel 
Owen  had  to  shut  down  his  works  and  hand 
over  his  property  to  his  creditors.  For  a 
while  he  carried  on  a  scheme  for  the  drain- 
ing of  bogs  in  the  province  of  Sm&land  ; 
and  then  from  1847  to  1851  he  again  acted 
as  foreman  at  a  foundry.  After  settling  at 
•the  town  of  Sodertelje  he  returned  to 
Stockholm,  and  died  there  on  Feb.  15, 
1854.  His  position  might  have  been  pre- 
carious but  for  the  fact  that  he  had  been 
granted  a  pension  by  the  Swedish  State  for 
the  pioneer  work  he  had  done.  Apart  from 
his  merits  as  an  industrial  organizer,  Samuel 
Owen  will  always  be  remembered  in  Sweden 
as  one  of  those  who  helped  to  introduce 
Methodism  and  the  temperance  movement 
into  that  country. 

One  other  interesting  fact  remains  to  be 
mentioned.  The  wife  of  Samuel  Owen 
was  the  aunt  of  August  Strindberg,  one 
of  the  greatest  names  in  nineteenth- 
century  Swedish  literature.  In  his  auto- 
biography '  The  Son  of  a  Maid  '  Strindberg 
describes  this  aunt,  who  after  the  death  of 
her  husband  took  up  her  abode  with  Strind- 
berg's  parents.  There  sat  the  old  lady, 
who  had  known  so  many  famous  people, 
and  instructed  her  young  nephews  in  the 
art  of  politeness.  With  her  lace  cap,  and 
surrounded  by  vestiges  of  former  greatness — 
furniture  with  coverings  of  an  English 
pattern,  and  the  bust  of  Samuel  Owen  in 
the  uniform  of  the  Academy  of  Sciences — 
she  was  a  figure  to  inspire  young  Strindberg 
with  respect.  Ho  tells  us  also  that  Mrs. 
Owen  drank  tea  after  the  English  custom 
and  read  English  books.  We  may  doubtless 
attribute  to  these  surroundings,  in  part  at 
least,  the  familiarity  with  English  thought 
that  Strindberg  afterwards  displayed — a 
familiarity  which  was  to  be  of  far-reaching 
importance  for  his  development  as  an  author. 

HEBBEBT  G.  WBIGHT. 
University  College,  Bangor. 


SHAKESPEARIANA. 

'HAMLET,'  I.  iv.  36-8  (12  S.  iv.  211). 

A.  As    a    preliminary    to     tackling    this 
passage,  admittedly  impossible  as  it  stands 
in    the    Second    and    Third    Quartos,    it    is 
expedient  to  clear  the  ground  by  considering 
causes  of  corruption.     We  will  assume  that 
Shakespeare  originally  wrote  sense,  however 
difficult  for  a  cursory  reader  to  follow. 

(1)  The  printer,  confronted  with  very  bad 
handwriting,     may    have   done    his    best — 

j  printed  exactly  what  he  made  of  it,  with  no 
intrusion  of  his  own  intelligence. 

(2)  Finding    the    MS.    unintelligible,    he 
may  have  "  emended  "  on  his  own,  modestly 
or  recklessly. 

(3)  He  may  have  printed  from  dictation, 
|  in   which   case   his   ear,   not   his   eye,   was 
I  deceived.     Many  of  the  proposed  emenda- 
tions seem  to  rest  on  this  supposition.     Is  it 
a  possible  one  ? 

B.  (1)  It    is    commonly    accepted    that 
cale  is  a  mistake  for  evil.     Surely  a  very  odd 
mistake  !     Evil  is  a  common  word,  which 
it  is  hard  to  believe  that  any  printer  could 
corrupt    into    a    rare    or    non-existent    one. 
Yet,  on  the   other  hand,   at  II.  ii.  577  the 
Quarto    did    print    deale    for    devil.        The 
presumed   intermediate    form  e1 il  is  hardly 
worth     consideration,     in      spite      of      the 
Scottish    "  deil "    for    devil.       Shakespeare 
was  writing  English  ;   and   the  notion    that 
e'il  was  used  for  metre's  sake  is  ludicrous. 
The  24  lines  of  this  speech  contain  8  other 
hypermeters.  ( 

(2)  The  only  other  tenable  suppositions 
are  (a)  that  eale  has  displaced  some  other 
word  ;  (6)  that  it  is  a  genuine  word  itself, 
which  occurs  nowhere  else,  and  whose 
meaning  is  now  lost  The  *  N.E.D.'  does 
not  recognize  it.  As  to  (a),  there  is  still  an 
opening  for  a  brilliant  conjectural  restora- 
tion ;  but  the  restorer  must  satisfy  himself 
whether  the  printer  was  baffled  by  bad 
handwriting  or  misled  by  pronunciation. 

Is  (6)  possible  ?  Note  that  the  word 
passed  through  the  Third  Quarto  un- 
challenged. The  word  is  required  to  mean 
some  ingredient  of  a  mixture,  a  modicum  of 
which  has  power  to  spoil  or  corrupt  the 
mass  ;  as,  e.g.,  rennet  or  some  acids,  dropped 
into  milk  or  cream,  would  operate. 

C.  It  is  also  commonly  agreed  that  "  of 
a  dout "    is  wrong.     "  Often  dout "    seems 
to  me  at  present  the  least  unsatisfactory. 


12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1916.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


IB  dout  (do  out)  to  be  taken  as  meaning 
"put  out,"  "extinguish"  ?  This  is  con- 
sonant with  the  idea  of  liquid  in  dram.  Or 
as  meaning  "  eject,"  "  expel"  ?  One  objec- 
tion that  I  have  seen  to  the  word  often, 
viz.,  that  it  is  too  limited,  is  sufficiently 
refuted  by  oft  in  11.  23  and  28. 

In  a  MS.  the  most  likely  word  to  be 
misread  as  dout  would  be  clout.  Clout  — 
patch  gives  no  sense  ;  but  a  noun  clout  is 
another  form  of  clot,  and  the  participle 
.  clouted,  of  clotted.  The  '  N.E.D.'  admits 
under  clouted  that  a  verb  clout  for  clot  is 
conceivable,  though  no  instances  are  listed. 
To  revert  to  a  notion  indicated  above,  if 
eale  could  be  a  lost  word  for  vinegar,  or  be 
a  printer's  misreading  for  esil  (Esile  in  the 
Folio),  we  should  gain  a  good  and  clear 
metaphor :  "It  often  happens  that  a 
email  portion  of  vinegar  dropped  into 
a  nobler  substance  (such  as  milk)  curdles 
it  all." 

That  the  operation  of  acids  on  milk  was 
in  Shakespeare's  mind  at  the  time  is  shown 
by  I.  v.  69. 

D.  "To  his  own  scandal."  Three  mean- 
ings are  possible,  (a)  His  own  refers  to  the 
subject,  dram  ;  to  is  used  of  result,  as  in 
Lamech's  "  I  have  slain  a  man,  to  his  hurt." 
The  phrase  then  means  "so  as  to  incur 
blame  for  its  operation." 

(b)  His   own  refers   to   the   object,    "  the 
noble   substance";    then   to=into:    "spoils 
the  noble   substance   by  turning  it  into   a 
corruption  of  itself."     This  is  better  suited 
than    (a)    to   the   general   context   and   the 
scope  of  the  metaphor  ;  but  the  construction 
with  dout  is  not  very  happy.     It  would  suit 
clout  well. 

(c)  His  own  means  "  the  depraved  man's." 
This  remoteness  of  reference,  and  false  con- 
cord,    is     more     licentious     writing,     but 
thoroughly  Shakespearean  in  style. 

H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

Among  the  six  pages  of  closely  written 
notes  on  this  passage  in  Furness's  Variorum 
edition  is  one  from  the  First  Series  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  (v.  377)  resembling  the  emenda- 
tion now  suggested  by  PROF.  ELLERSHAW. 
The  writer  of  the  note  in  1852  advocated  the 
reading  "  o'er  a  doubt,"  which  he  explained 
as  "  doth  cast  a  doubt  over  all  the  noble 
substance,  bring  into  suspect  all  the  noble 
qualities"  ;  and  H.  D.  in  The  Athenaeum  of 
Aug.  18,  1866,  suggested  "  overdout." 
Dyce,  it  appears,  agreeing  with  Lettsom, 
considered  that  "  a  verb  must  lurk  under 
the  corruption  '  a  doubt '  or  '  doubt '  with 


the  signification  of  turn,  pervert,  corrupt,  or 
the  like.  Shakespeare's  meaning  evidently 
is  that  a  little  leaven  leavens  the  whole 
lump." 

Prof.  Elze's  reading  is  quoted  in  The 
Athenaeum  of  Aug.  11,  1866,  pp.  217-18, 
viz.,  "  often  daub  "  ;  and  if  these  words 
were  merely  altered  to  "  overdaub,"  the 
change  would,  I  think,  supply  much  the 
best  sense  and  rhythm  to  the  passage 
hitherto  forthcoming  : — 

The  dram  of  eale 

Doth  all  the  noble  substance  overdaub 
To  his  (its)  own  scandal. 

Compare  '  King  Lear,'  IV.  i.  51,  "  Poor 
Tom's  a-cold.  I  cannot  daub  it  further," 
which  Warburton  rendered  "  disguise 
further"  ;  and  'Richard  III.,'  III. 
v.  30  :— 

So  smooth  he  daub'd  his  vice  with  show  of  virtue, 
and  the  following  quotation  from  1543  in 
the  '  N.E.D.'  :  "  Perjury  cannot  escape 
unpunished,  be  it  never  so  secretly  handled 
and  craftily  daubed."  N.  W.  HILL. 

35  Highbury  Place,  N.5. 

The  passage  may,  I  think,  be  read  as 

The  dram  of  eale  (alloy) 
Doth  all  the  noble  substance  often  dout 
To  his  own  scan  tie. 

As  thus  rendered,  the  meaning  would  be 
that  the  dram  of  alloy  doth  all  the  noble 
substance  often  put  out,  or  put  down,  to 
its  own  diminishment  or  abasement.  The 
words  "  dout "  and  "  scan  tie  "  are  to  be 
found  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  and  Wright's  '  Dialect 
Dictionary.'  I  cannot  find  any  authority 
for  the  word  "  eale  "  as  meaning  alloy,  but 
it  may  perhaps  be  discovered  in  some  old 
alchemical  work.  H.  R.  D. 

SHAKESPEARE  :  A  SURVIVAL  or  AUGURY. — 
At  12  S.  iii.  297  I  referred  to  a  possible  use 
by  Shakespeare  of  oral  tradition.  In  Ire- 
land there  is  a  widespread  belief  that  it  is 
unlucky  to  see  one  magpie,  but  lucky  to  see 
two.  I  believe  there  are  other  traditional 
facts  available  concerning  the  magpie,  but 
this  particular  case  is  interesting  as  Shake- 
speare referred  to  the  bird  as  a  means  of 
augury  as  follows  : — 

Stones  have  been  known  to  move  and  trees  to 

speak ; 

Augurs  and  understood  relations  have 
By  magot-pies  and  choughs  and  rooks  brought 

forth 
The  secret'st  man  of  blood. 

'  Macbeth,'  Ill.'iv.  123-6. 
See  Furness,  *  Variorum  Shakespeare.* 

J.    J.    MACSWEEXEY. 


6 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [i2s.v.jA*.,i9i9. 


BRITISH  NAVY,  1587-1919. — At  a  moment 
when  every  member  of  the  British  Empire 
is,  or  should  be,  proud  of  hia  incomparable 
Navy,  it  may  be  well  to  record,  for  the 
historian's  future  use,  the  following  early 
reference.  It  occurs  in  a  rare  poetical 
tract  believed  to  survive  in  two  original 
exemplars  only.  The  slender  volume  was 
issued  to  mark  Queen  Elizabeth's  thirty 
years'  reign  of  unexampled  prosperity,  and 
just  a  year  before  the  **  stearnfull "  navy 
had  a  chance  of  showing  the  Spaniards  the 
stuff  it  was  made  of,  despite  miserable 
supplies  of  provisions  and  munitions.  I 
append  the  extract  from  Maurice  Kyffin's 
'  Blessednes  of  Brytaine,'  1587,  in  its 
archaic  spelling,  believing  that  hitherto 
it  has  not  seen  the  light  of  print  in 
'N.  &  Q.':— 

We  may  not  here  omit  in  silent  forte 

Her  royall  ships  strong- wrought  for  stearnfull 

warre, 
Whereof  all  worldly  realm  es  do  raise  report 

Through  raging  seas  discovering  regions  farre 
A  scowre-sea  navy,  all  bright  &  bravely  burnisht, 
Foorth    spowting    fire ;    faire,    huge,    and    fully 
furnisht. 

WM.  JAGGABD,  Lieut. 

PRISONERS  OF  WAR  AND  THEIR  LETTERS 
IN  1758. — At  the  present  time,  when  many 
prisoners  of  war  are  returning  from  Ger- 
many, the  following  letter  to  Lord  Barring- 
ton,  Secretary  at  War  (now  preserved  at 
the  Public  Record  Office  under  the  heading 
"War  Office,  1/977"),  will  be  read  with 
interest,  as  showing  the  difficulties  connected 
with  letters  from  and  to  English  prisoners 
of  war  a  century  and  a  half  ago  : — 

Broad  Street  buildings 
Bishopgate  16  October  1768. 
My  Lord 

In  sending  your  Lordship  the  inclosed  Letter 
[missing]  as  I  received  it  from  France  give  me 
leave  to  add  a  few  lines  with  regard  to  the  many 
letters  I  have  received  from  the  english  prisoners 
there,  too  many  for  their  friends  in  the  Country 
to  be  franked,  or  to  pay  the  postage  from  france, 
the  first  packett  amounted  to  £1:9:2 

the  second  to  12  :  6 

the  situation  of  prisoners  is  deserving  compassion 
in  every  consideration,  &  therefore  these  letters 
were  sent  to  the  Commissioners  of  sick  and 
wounded,  &  by  them  directed  to  the  War  Office, 
though  neither  would  pay  the  charges,  many 
have  been  forwarded  by  us  to  the  prisoners  in 
France  for  which  we  have  paid  the  postage  to 
flanders  and  our  Correspondent  at  Paris  Monsieur 
de  Monmartel  has  never  brought  us  any  further 
account,  we  cannot  therefore  charge  him  with 
those  he  is  so  kind  to  send  us.  I  should  be  glad 
therefore  to  receive  your  Lordships  orders  in 
what  manner  or  to  whom  the  prisoners  letters  in 
France  ought  to  be  directed  in  future.  If  I  can 
be  in  this^or  any  other  shape  assistant  to  my  | 


unhappy  countrymen  I  shall  as  willingly  con- 
tribute to  it  as  to  convince  your  Lordship  on  all 
occasions  of  the  sincere  regard  with  which  I  have 
the  honour  to  be  My  Lord 

Your  Lordships 
Most  obedient  &  very  hum:  Servant 

THOMAS  WALPOLB. 

[Endorsed  :]  Thank  Mr.  Walpole  for  his  care 
of  Officers  Letters  &  desire  he  will  continue  so  to 
do.  Whatever  charge  shall  arise  shall  be  pay'd 
by  me  on  his  making  up  the  Ace*,  but  I  am  to 
pay  only  those  expenses  without  which  the 
Prisoners  could  not  receive  their  letters. 

It  is  pleasant,  even  after  this  lapse  of 
time,  to  know  that  the  monetary  obstacle 
did  not  prove  insurmountable. 

E.  H.  FAIRBROTHER. 

SIR  THOMAS  BROWNE  :  TOM  BROWN. — In 
the  preface  to  Dr.  Greenhill's  '  Golden 
Treasury  '  edition  of  the  *  Religio  Medici '  is 
a  detail  which  requires,  I  think,  some  further 
explanation.  In  giving  an  account,  on 
p.  ix,  of  the  way  in  which  translations  of  the 
'  Religio  Medici '  were  received  on  the 
Continent,  he  observes  that  the  book  "  was 
by  some  persons  much  misunderstood,  and 
gave  occasion  to  great  and  most  undeserved 
misrepresentation  of  the  author's  religious 
opinions."  An  instance  of  this  is  appended 
at  the  foot  of  the  page  :  — 

"  The  following  Note  (which  deserves  preserva- 
tion on  account  of  its  monstrous  ignorance  and 
absurdity)  was  copied  by  the  present  Editor 
from  one  of  the  copies  in  the  National  Library 
at  Paris :  '  Th.  Brown,  un  des  plus  declarez 
ennemis  de  toute  Religion,  et  que  1'Univers. 
d' Oxford  avoit  autrefois  chasse  pour  ses  de- 
bauches, avant  sa  mort  6crit  Une  lettre  pleine 
de  sentimens  de  penitence  :  elle  est  imprim^e 
dans  un  Recueil  postume  de  ses  dialogues.'  " 

Dr.  Greenhill  apparently  leaves  the  reader 
to  suppose  that  this  ludicrously  false  account 
is  the  invention  of  malicious  bigotry. 
What  has  really  happened  is  that  the 
reported  facts  of  one  man's  life  have  been 
transferred  to  another  of  a  similar  name. 
It  was  Thomas  Brown  (1663-1704)  who  is 
said,  when  an  undergraduate  at  Christ 
Church,  to  have  been  threatened  with 
expulsion  by  Dean  Fell.  I  have  not  ex- 
amined the  posthumous  '  Collection  of  all 
the  Dialogues  of  Mr.  Thomas  Brown,'  1704, 
but  feel  safe  in  accepting  from  so  sound  an 
ai  thority  as  Mr.  A.  H.  Bullen  the  statement, 
in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  that  to  this  edition 
"  was  appended  a  letter  (the  genuineness  of 
which  was  attested  by  Thomas  Wotton,  curate  of 
St  Lawrence  Jewry)  purporting  to  have  been 
written  by  Brown  on  his  death-bod.  In  this 
letter  Brown,  after  expressing  regret  for  having 
written  anything  that  would  be  likely  to  have  a 
pernicious  influence,  protests  against  being 
responsible  for  '  lampoons,  trips,  London  Spies, 
in  which  he  had  no  hand." 


1JS.  V.  JA.V.,  1919.J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Clearly,  then,  some  blundering  Frenchman 
confounded  the  famous  Norwich  physician 
with  the  unlucky  Tom  Brown  "  of  Facetious 
Memory,"  whose  religion,  if  we  may  appro 
priate  the  words  of  a  Cambridge  humorist, 
was  "  of  that  joyous  bright  Greek  type, 
which  saw  no  harm  in  anything  in  particular, 
'  and  didn't  stick  at  it,  when  it  did." 

Dr.  Greenhill  adds  that  "the  Note  was 
said  to  have  been  written  by  Clement, 
formerly  Garde  de  la  Bibl.  du  Hoi,  who 
died  1700-1710."  I  cannot  find  that 
Nicolas  Clement  ever  held  the  office  of 
"  Garde  de  la  Bibliotheque."  According 
to  the  '  Biographie  Universelle,'  he  was  sous- 
bibliothecaire  and  died  in  1712.  The 
*  Npuvelle  Biographie  Gene" rale  '  styles  him 
'*  bibliothecaire  en  second,"  and  assigns 
1716  as  the  date  of  his  death. 

EDWABD  BENSLY. 

ST.  TRUNNION  :  HIS  IDENTITY. — Ball  in 
his  '  History  of  Barton-upon-Humber,'  1856 
p.  68',  says  : — 

"  In  the  old  enclosures  to  the  west  of  the  town 
WHS  a  spring  of  clear  water  called  St.  Trunnion's 
well,  and  in  a  field  in  the  West  Acridge  a  very 
old  thorn  tree  called  St.  Trunnion's  tree,  which 
was  standing  in  1726  ;  but  who  St.  Trunnion 
was  is  not  known,  the  question  having  been 
frequently  discussed  in  Notes  and  Queries." 

Possibly  "  St.  Ninian  "  was  the  original 
form.  In  his  will,  dated  April  1,  1528, 
George  Portyngton  of  Barton-on-Humber 
left  "  To  the  reparation  off  saynt  Nynyan 
chaple  xvjd  " — '  Lincoln  Wills  '  (Lincoln 
Record  Soc.,  vol.  10),  ii.  73. 

It  is  well  known  that  the  last  letter  of  the 
word  "  saint "  was  often  attracted  to  a 
saint's  name,  as  in  Tedan  for  St.  Aidan, 
Tantony  for  St.  Antony,  Tooley  and  Tulius 
for  St.  Olaf,  and  Tobin  for  St.  Aubin.  In 
like  manner  we  might  have  "  Tninian  "  for 
St.  Ninian  ;  and  as  ru  would  be  more  easily 
pronounced  after  the  T  than  ra,  the  forms 
"  Trinian,"  "  Trunian,"  and  "  Trunnion  " 
may  quite  possibly  have  been  developed 
after  St.  Ninian  was  forgotten. 

Winterton,  Lines.  3.   T.    F. 

P.S. — Since  the  above  was  in  type  I  have 
found  that  my  suggestion  has  been  antici- 
pated. See  Plummer's  'Bede,'  ii.  129. 

"  DINKUM  SHOP." — Wandering  in  the  pur- 
lieus of  Westminster  the  other  day,  I  came 
across  a  small  shop  stocked  principally  with 
military  accoutrements,  and  over  the  door 
was  the  heading  "  Harry's  Dinkum  Shop." 
Being  curious  to  ascertain  the  precise  sig- 
nification of  this,  to  me,  unknown  word, 
I  stepped  in  and  inquired.  The  proprietress 


informed  me  that  it  was  an  Australian 
word  signifying  the  right  shop  to  go  to  for 
anything.  I  see  that  the  question  of  its 
meaning  was  discussed  at  10  S.  iii.  168  end 
217,  when  one  or  two  correspondents  cited 
the  *  E.D.D.,'  where  "  dinkum  "  is  defined 
to  mean  "  work,  due  share  of  work." 

WlLLOTJGHBY   MAYCOCK. 

THE  JUDGES'  LEVEL. — There  is  a  familiar 
legal  anecdote  of  the  judge  who  was  seen 
drinking  a  pot  of  porter  before  going  into 
court,  and  who  explained  the  indulgence  by 
saying,  "  I  must  drink  myself  down  to  the 
level  of  my  colleagues."  It  is  usually  told 
of  Mr.  Justice  Maule,  but  sometimes  also 
of  other  contemporary  judges. 

The  story  is,  however,  of  much  earlier 
date.  In  a  commonplace-book  of  Charles  II. 's 
time  (Harleian  MS.  6395)  we  are  told 
(Fragment  No.  337)  that  Sir  John  Millicent 
excused  his  potations  on  the  plea  that  he 
must  "  drink  himself  down  to  the  capacity 
of  the  Bench."  Sir  John  Millicent  was  only 
a  county  magistrate,  whom  James  I. 
knighted  at  Royston.  So  the  anecdote^was 
not  a  slander  against  any  of  the  king's 
courts  at  Westminster,  but  only  against 
a  provincial  Quarter  Sessions.  CYRIL. 

RTJTTER  FAMILY  NAME. — I  have  found 
that  it  is  believed  (and  even  by  some  who 
bear  the  name)  that  "  Rutter  "  is  German 
in  origin.  In  the  seventeenth  century  the 
word  "  rutter "  was  used  to  designate  a 
trooper,  and  it  is  customary  to  derive  it 
from  the  Low  Dutch  ruiter.  This  is  erro- 
neous :  the  identification  partly  depends 
upon  the  vowel  u,  which  in  ruiter  is  merely 
orthographical.  The  Dutch  word  rimes 
pretty  closely  with  English  "  loiter,"  and 
could  not  therefore  yield  rutter. 

I  would  seek  the  origin  of  "  Rutter  "  in 
the  French  routier,  and  the  reduction  of 
ti  to  t  similarly  occurs  ;in  "  gutter  "  from 
gouttiere. 

Rutter,  moreover,  is  a  much  older  family 
name  than  the  supposed  identification 
allows,  and  the  history  of  the  word  "  gutter  " 
will  help  us  to  trace  its  descent  and  origin. 

The  French  gouttiere  is  derived  from  Lat. 
gutta,  a  drop.  In  Old  French  that  became 
gote,  goute.  Now  as  "gutter"  derives 
Tom  O.F.  gote  through  gouttiere,  so  may 
Rutter  derive  from  an  O.F.  rote  through 
*routtiere,  or  its  equivalent.  The  O.F.  rote 
las  two  distinct  meanings  :  viz.,  1,  a  road  ; 
2,  a  viol  or  fiddle.  If  we  select  the  first, 
then  "  Rutter  "= routier,  a  trooper.  But 


8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  JAN.,  1919, 


if  we  prefer  the  second  meaning,  "  Rutter  " 
would  postulate  *rotarius,  a  Low  Latin  form 
which  would  signify  a  player  upon  the  rote  ; 
cp.  Chaucer — "  Wei  coude  he  singe  and 
plaien  on  a  rote  "  ('  C.  T.,'  Prol.,  1.  237). 

The  correption  of  the  stem  vowel  of 
*rotarius  can  be  easily  paralleled :  cp.  O.F. 
moton,  F.  mouton,  Engl.  "mutton";  O.F. 
boton,  F.  bouton,  Engl.  "  button."  Similarly 
the  Lat.  butyrum  became  O.E.  butere, 
Engl.  "  butter." 

Now  the  ancient  Cheshire  family  of 
Rutter  derives  its  origin  from  Peter  le 
Roter  de  Thornton,  lord  of  Kingsley  and 
Norley,  and  a  descendant  of  Ranulf  de 
Meschines,  Earl  of  Chester  temp.  Henry  I. 
This  phrase  "  le  Roter  "  is  undoubtedly  the 
forerunner  of  "  Rutter,"  and  it  supports 
my  hypothesis  inasmuch  as  it  points  to 
rotarius  >  roter,  and  signifies  an  official 
player  on  the  rote  or  violin — in  this  case, 
at  the  court  of  the  Earl  Palatine  of  Chester. 
ALFBED  ANSCOMBE. 

MABKSHALL  AND  THE  FULLER  FAMILY. 
(See  10  S.  ix.  144  ;  12  S.  iii.  53 ;  iv.  234,  263). 
— The  following  facts  may  be  of  additional 
interest.  In  Misc.  Gen.  et  Her.,  Fourth 
Series,  vol.  iv.  pp.  30-5, 1  published  a  frulwer 
or  ffuller  pedigree  ;  and  at  p.  66  I  added 
notes  from  which  it  appears  beyond  doubt 
that,  at  a  very  remote  date,  the  Fullers  were 
lords  of  the  manor  of  Markeshall.  To  save 
space  I  confine  my  extracts  to  a  summary 
from  the  notes  only,  in  which  the  generations 
are  numbered  :  — 

(14)  Bic'us  de  fulwer  de  Markeshall  in  com' 
Essex  =  Magdalene  filse  Ric'i  Danbye. 

(16)  Thomas  fulwer  de  Markeshall  =  Anne  une 
file  et  here  Wilhelmi  Bersett,  miles. 

(16)  Thomas  fulwer  de  Markshall  =  Agnes  file  et 
here  Henrici  Ashewell  in  Com'  Cantabrigii. 

(17)  Thomas  fulwer  de  Nettes[hall]  in  Shepey  = 
Erminelde  une  file  et  heredu' Benet  de  Kent. 

Members  of  this  branch  were  at  this  time 
also  lords  of  the  manor  of  Neatshall  and  of 
the  manor  of  Tempsford,  co.  Bedford,  as 
proved  by  the  following  extracts  from  the 
Heralds'  College. 

Grant  of  crest  to  Ralph  ffulwar  of  London, 
gent.,  son  of  Thomas  ffulwar,  Esq.,  lord  of 
Netes  (who  was  son  of  Thomas  fTulwar,  Esq., 

lord  of  Netes,  by dau.  and  heir  of.  Benet 

of  Kent,  Esq.),  and  great -grandsoii  of  Thomas 
ffulwar  of  Markeshall,  co.  Essex,  Esq., 
Dec.  20,  3  Elizabeth. 

Grant  of  crest  to  John  Fullwer,  lord  of  the 
manor  of  Tempsford,  co.  Bedford,  Esq.,  and 
judge  in  the  Guildhall  of  the  Court  of  one 
of  the  Sheriffs  of  London,  son  of  Thomas 
ffulwer,  lord  of  Netes  in  the  Isle  of  Sheppey, 


co.  Kent,  Esq.  (by  Margaret  his  wife, 
daughter  and  heir  of  Nicholas  Clarell  of 
Edgecott,  co.  Northampton,  Esq.),  and 
grandson  of  Thomas  ffulwar,  lord  of  Markes 
Hall  in  the  county  of  Essex,  Esq.,  Dec.  20, 
3  Elizabeth. 

Grant  of  crest  to  James  ffulwarr  of  London, 
Merchant  of  the  Staple  and  Merchant 
Adventurer  (brother  of  John  Fulwer,  lord 
of  the  manor  of  Tempsford),  Dec.  20,  3  Eliza- 
beth. 

There  is  an  earlier  grant  of  arms,  July  7, 
1551,  to  William  ffulwar  of  Holewell,  co. 
Hertford,  brother  of  John  ffulwer,  lord  of 
Tempsford.  But  I  am  travelling  beyond 
Markshall,  and  will  conclude. 

J.  F.  FULLEB,  F.S.A. 

Dublin. 

ELSINOBE. — This  euphonious  place-name 
— enshrined  in  the  thrilling  lines  of  Camp- 
bell's '  Battle  of  the  Baltic  '  :— 

Let  us  think  of  them  that  sleep, 

Full  many  a  fathom  deep, 

By  thy  wild  and  stormy  steep, 

Elsinore  I 

and  in  '  Hamlet ' — does  not  betray  its  true 
origin  in  its  English  guise,  which  approaches 
closely  to  the  French  form,  Elseneur.  The 
town,  a  seaport  of  some  importance,  called 
in  Danish  Helsingoer,  stands  at  the  entrance 
to  the  Sound,  separated  by  a  few  miles 
from  the  Swedish  port  of  Helsingborg  on  the 
mainland  opposite.  Helsingland  is  another 
Swedish  place  in  the  same  category  of 
nomenclature,  to  which  also  belongs  Hel- 
singfors  in  Finland,  the  ancient  sept  of  the 
Helsings  having  given  their  tribal  name  to 
the  series.  The  different  suffixes  signify 
respectively  :  oer,  isles  ;  borg,  castle  or  burg  ; 
land,  country,  and  fors,  force,  current,  or 
rushing  stream.  As  Elsinore  is  situated 
on  the  shore  of  the  island  of  Zealand,  it 
may  have  received  its  name  from  having 
been  built  on  land  that  has  since  been  filled 
in  or  reclaimed,  as  in  the  case  of  Burnt- 
island,  Fifeshire.  '  N.  W.  HILL. 

EMPSON  E.  MIDDLETON. — The  Times  on 
Nov.  21,  1917,  gave  extracts  from  the  will 
and  codicils  of  Mr.  Empson  Edward  Middle- 
ton,  author  of  '  Ah,  Happy  England  !  * 
mentioned  at  12  S.  iii.  30.  From  these  it 
appeared  that  the  testator  claimed  large 
sums  from  the  British  Government  and 
other  quarters  for  inventions  he  had  put 
forward.  Mr.  Middleton's  published  works 
included  metrical  translations  from  Virgil, 
books  on  yachting  and  seamanship,  and 
others  directed  against  received  views  on. 
natural  philosophy,  &c.  W.  B.  H. 


s.  v.  JAN.,  wig.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


9 


ma. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


"  QUEBELLE  D'ALLEMAND."  —  In  The 
Quarterly  Review  for  October,  1874,  there  is 
a  very  interesting  article  on  '  The  Republic 
of  Venice,  its  Rise,  Decline,  and  Fall.' 
Among  quotations  from  other  authorities 
there  is  one  from  P.  Daru's  '  Histoire  de  la 
Republique  de  Venise '  (Paris,  1821),  the 
passage  being  translated  into  English.  This 
author,  in  describing  the  innumerable  devices 
to  which  the  Ten  of  Venice  used  to  have 
recourse  for  getting  rid  of  such  persons  as 
were  obnoxious  to  their  policy  or  con- 
venience, relates  how  in  1618  many  hundreds 
of  victims  were  tortured  and  done  to  death 
on  charges  of  complicity  in  the  alleged 
conspiracy  with  Spain.  Even  informers 
and  witnesses  against  those  accused,  after 
being  openly  rewarded  by  the  Council  for 
their  services,  were  either  secretly  executed 
or  disposed  of  by  hired  assassins.  Thus, 
says  Daru, 

"  another  witness,  to  whom  a  pension  of 
50  ducats  per  month  and  a  gratification  of 
300  ducats  had  been  assigned,  was  ordered  to 
repair  to  Candia,  where,  immediately  on  his 
arrival,  he  was  killed  in  a  quarrel  forced  on 
him — querelle  d'Allemand  as  it  is  termed." — 
Daru,  liv.  xxxi. 

The  term  querelle  d'Allemand  is  un- 
familiar to  me.  In  the  sense  of  a  "  forced 
quarrel  "  how  exactly  it  applies  to  the  a 
of  the  Kaiser  and  his  ministers  in  1 
But  what  is  its  origin  ? 

HEBBEBT  MAXWELL. 

Monreith. 

[Hatzfeld  and  Darmesteter's  '  Dictionnaire 
General,'  2  vols.,  s.v.  Allemand,  merely  says  : 
"  LOG.  prov.  Querelle  d'Allemand,  sans  sujet." 
But  Littre  is  much  fuller  (1863,  vol.  i.)  :  "  Alle- 
mand (a-le-man),  s.m.  Ce  mot  est  employ^ 
dans  quelque?  phrases  proverbial^s  :  Une 
querelle  d'allemand,  c'est-4-dire  une  querelle 
sans  sujet. . .  .Quant  a  allemand,  dans  la  locution 
querelle  d'allemand,  il  s'agit  bien,  sans  doate, 
des  Allerrands.  Pourtant  on  en  a  donn6  une 
Etymologic  diffe'rente  :  on  6crit  alors  alleman,  et 
Ton  cite  le  dicton  :  Gare  la  queue  des  Alleman  " 
Ce  dicton  a  appartenu  au  Dauphin^,  dont  la 
region  montagneuse  entre  le  Drac  et  1' Is  ere 
6tait  occupee  par  une  puissante  et  nombreuse 
famille  de  seigneurs  portant  tous  le  nom 
d'Alleman.  Malheur  au  voisin  qui  provoquail 
un  membre  de  cette  famille  !  il  se  les  attiraii 
tous  sur  les  bras.  De  1'ardeur  avec  laquelle 
cette  famille  vengeait  la  plus  petite  injure  est 


aussi  venu,  dit-on,  le  proverbe  :  Faire  une 
querelle  d'allemand  ;  et  Oudin  ('  Curiosit6s 
ranc.,'  p.  4fi2)  ecrit,  en  raison  de  cette  origine: 
Querelle  d'alleman.  Mais  je  remarque  qu'a  la 
fin  du  XVIe  siecle,  Carloix  dit  querelle  d'Alle- 
maigne,  ce  qui  montre  que,  des  ce  temps-la,  on 
regardait,  dans  la  locution,  allemand  comme  le 
nom  de  peuple."] 

SCOTTISH  CHIEFS. — Will  some  one  inform 
:ne  if  the  chiefs  of  the  Scottish  clans  receive 
official  recognition  as  such,  and  if  so,  what 
orm  this  takes  ?  Is  the  description 
MacGregor  "  of  MacGregor,"  MacLeod  "  of 
MacLeod,"  MacLachlan  "  of  MacLachlan," 
&c.,  used  as  implying  chief  ship  ? 

INVEBSLANEY. 

OATH  OF  FEALTY  :  EDWABD  III. — On 
pp.  295-7  of  the  '  Histoire  des  Inaugurations 
des  Rois  '  (Paris,  1776)  there  is  a  graphic 
account  of  the  ceremonies  attendant  upon 
the  taking  of  the  oath  of  fealty  for  the 
Duchy  of  Guienne  by  Edward  III.  in 
Amiens  Cathedral  in  1329.  King  Edward, 
we  are  informed,  upon  approaching  the 
throne  of  his  suzerain,  was  instructed  by  the 
Great  Chamberlain  to  remove  his  crown, 
sword,  and  spurs,  as  it  was  contrary  to  the 
very  essence  of  the  act  he  was  about  to 
perform  for  the  oath  to  be  administered 
to  him  still  vested  in  these  outward  signs 
of  his  independent  sovereignty  and  of  his 
knighthood.  These  details  are  apparently 
taken  from  some  contemporary  or  nearly 
contemporary  description  of  the  scene,  and 
I  should  be  glad  to  know  what  this  source 
may  be.  References  to  similar  scenes  con- 
taining the  same  details  in  contemporary 
chronicles  or  romances  will  be  welcomed. 
CHARLES  BEARD. 

COL.  A.  R.  MACDONELL'S  DUEL  WITH 
NOBMAN  MACLEOD. — My  great-grandfather 
Col.  Alexander  Ranaldson  Macdonell  of. 
Glengarry  (d.  1828)  fought  a  fatal  duel  with 
a  young  subaltern,  Norman  Macleod,  at 
Fort  William,  and  was  subsequently  tried 
for  murder  at  Inverness.  I  should  like  to 
know  both  the  dates  of  -the  duel  and  the 
trial  and  where  to  find  any  particulars  of 
either,  as  I  have  been  unable  so  far  to  find 
here  the  information  for  which  I  have  been 
seeking.  We  had  a  copy  of  Mackenzie's 
history  of  the  Macdonalds  at  home  when 
I  was  a  boy,  but,  speaking  from  memory, 
I  do  not  think  that  any  particulars  were 
given  in  it.  I  remember  meeting,  when 
quite  a  boy,  an  old  lady — a  Mrs.  Mildmay, 
nee  Drummond  of  Megginch — who  told  me 


10 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  B.  V.  JAN.,  1919. 


that  she  was  in  Inverness  at  the  time  of  the 
trial,  so  I  fancy  that  it  took  place  about  the 
beginning  of  the  nineteenth  century.  I  should 
be  glad  to  obtain  a  copy  of  Mackenzie's 
work.  R.  M.  H. 

Melbourne. 

PENRHYN  DEVIL  '  AS  A  KNOCKEB. — 
I  recently  came  across  a  small  brass  knocker 
for  a  bedroom  door,  the  design  of  which 
puzzles  me  a  good  deal.  It  is  obviously 
itself  a  quite  modern  piece  of  work,  but  its 
appearance  suggests  that  it  is  a  reproduc- 
tion of  some  object  of  legendary  interest. 
It  consists  of  a  grotesque  crouching  human 
figure  with  distorted  head  and  cloven  hoofs  ; 
the  head  hangs  very  much  sideways,  and  is 
weighed  down  by  a  thick  chain  passing 
round  the  neck  and  down  the  front  of  the 
body ;  at  the  end  of  the  chain  is  a  human 
skull,  which  the  figure  holds  in  both  hands 
and  apparently  gloats  over.  It  bears  on  the 
base,  in  partially  obliterated  lettering,  the 
words  "  Penrhyn  Devil."  As  the  knocker 
is  quite  new,  this  faintness  of  lettering 
must,  I  think,  be  an  attempt  to  correspond 
with  an  original.  I  have  failed  to  find  any 
legend  connected  with  Penrhyn  bearing  on 
the  matter,  and  shall  feel  obliged  if  any  of 
your  readers  can  help  me. 

C.  F.  DOYLE. 

HOMES  OF  FOULSHOTLAW  :  JANET  DICK- 
SON. — I  should  be  very  grateful  for  any 
information  about  the  above,  who  are 
mentioned  in  the  Historical  Manuscripts 
Commission  Report  on  the  MSS.  of  Col. 
David  Milne  Home  of  Wedderburn  Castle. 
No.  619  is  a  "  Disposition  by  James  Broun - 
field  of  Quhythous,  to  Mr.  John  Home  of 
Foulshotlaw  and  Janet  Dickson  his  spouse 
(for  whom  Abraham  Home  in  Kennet- 
sydeheid  is  cautioner)  of  the  third  part," 
of  certain  lands  of  Hassington  and  the  croft 
called  Clerkcroft.  Dated  at  Hassington, 
April  11,  1634.  Alexander  and  George, 
sons  of  Robert  Dicksone  of  Stainfald,  are 
among  witnesses.  Foulshotlaw  is  in  the 
parish  of  Greenlaw.  W.  K.  BENSON. 

KINGHOBN  OF  FiBEBUBNMiLL. — Margaret 
Kinghorn  (or  Nisbet),  wife  of  James  King- 
horn,  farmer  in  "  Fireburnmilne,"  wTas 
served  heir  general  to  her  uncle  Patric 
Home  of^  Foulshotlaw,  Aug.  20,  1741 
(see  *  Service  of  Heirs  in,  Scotland'). 
Fireburnmill  is  near  Coldstream.  I  should 
be  glad  of  further  information  about  these 
Kinghorns.  W.  K.  BENSON. 

The  Corner  House,  Chobham  Road, 
*....---      Woking,  Surrey. 


THE  CONSTANT  REFOBMATION,  FLAGSHIP  : 
ITS  CHAPLAIN. — Sir  Wm.  Laird  Clowes  in  his 
'  History  of  the  Royal  Navy,'  vol.  ii.  p.  IS  4, 
eays  that  the  Constant  Reformation,  Prince 
Rupert's  flagship,  sank  off  the  Azores  in  a 
gale  in  September,  1651,  Prince  Rupert  and 
a  few  others  being  saved  by  a  small  beat 
from  the  Honest  Seaman  ;  and  he  quotes 
Warburton's  *  History  of  the  Cavaliers,' 
vol.  iii.  p.  333  :  "  At  9  P.M.  the  ship,  burning 
two  firepikes  to  give  us  notice  of  their 
departure,  took  leave  of  the  world."  Eva 
Scott  in  *  Rupert,  Prince  Palatine,'  says 
(p.  248)  that  the  chaplain  of  the  Constant 
Reformation  refused  to  leave  the  sinking 
ship,  called  all  hands  to  Holy  Communion, 
and  sank  with  them. 

Can  anybody  give  the  name  of  the 
chaplain  ?  In  searching  the  Muster  Books 
at  the  P.  R.  O.  for  my  *  List  of  Chaplains  of 
the  Royal  Navy,  1626-1903,'  I  did  not  find  it. 

The  Constant  Reformation  was  one  of 
the  eleven  ships  carried  over  to  the  Prince 
of  Wales  by  Admiral  Batten  in  June,  1648, 
when  he  joined  the  Royalists  in  Holland. 

A.  G.  KEALY. 

Bedford. 

'  ANTHOLOGIA  GB^CA  '  :  EPICTETUS.  — 
(a)  Among  nearly  100  epigrams  translated 
from  the  *  Anthologia  Grseca '  "by  Dr. 
Johnson,  and  published  in  vol.  i.  of  his 
'Works '  fed.  A.  Murphy,  London,  1806), 
is  one  of  which  I  cannot  find  the  original :  — 
Cogitat  aut  loquitur  nil  vir,  nil  cogitat  uxor  ; 

Felici  thalamo  non,  puto,  rixa  strepit. 

(b)  There  are  also  the  following  lines, 
said  to  be  translated  from  Epictetus  :  — 

Me,  rex  deorum,  tuque  due,  necessitas, 
Quo  lege  vestra  vita  me  feret  mea. 
Sequar  libenter,  sin  reluctari  velim, 
Fiam  scelestus,  nee  tamen  minus  sequar. 

Can  any  one  kindly  direct  me  to  the  original 
Greek  of  these  ? 

If  any  one  would  like  to  have  the  refer- 
ences to  the  'A.  G.'  of  the  rest  of  Dr. 
Johnson's  versions,  I  shall  be  pleased  to 
give  them.  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

Ashfield,  Bedford. 

MAW  FAMILY. — In  the  Herald's  Visitation 
:or  Suffolk  there  is  a  pedigree  in  which  it 
is  stated  that  Symon  Maw  of  Rendlesham 
^father  of  Leonard  Maw,  Bishop  of  Bath 
and  Wells  in  1621)  was  the  son  of  John 
Maw  of  Epworth,  gent.  This  John  Maw 
would  probably  be  living  at  Epworth  about 
the  year  1500.  I  should  be  glad  of  any 
notes  concerning  this  family  or  any  of  its 
tranches.  In  the  Yorks  Inquisitions  the 


12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


11 


name  of  Mawe  is  found  as  early  as  1271 
I  shall  be  very  grateful  if  any  reader  of 
*  N.  &  Q.'  can  inform  me  if  the  name  Maw 
or  Mawe  occurs  in  early  Lincolnshire 
records,  as,  if  not,  it  is  probable  that  the 
Maws  of  Epworth  are  of  Yorkshire  ex- 
traction. GERALD  W.  MAW,  M.R.C.S. 
30  Kempston  Road,  Bedford. 

'INDEX  ECCLESIASTICUS,  1550-1800.'  — 
The  late  Joseph  Foster  left  x  a  collection  of 
MSS.  for  an  '  Index  Ecclesiasticus  '  from 
about  1550  to  1800.  Can  any  reader  eay 
if  this  is  still  extant,  and  where  it  may  be 
seen  ?  J.  W.  F. 

ST.  BEES  ALUMNI.—  Can  any  reader 
say  whether  any  work  has  been  published 
dealing  with  the  students  and  graduates  of 
St.  Bees  College,  Cumberland  ? 

J.  W.  F. 

DISRAELI  ON  GLADSTONE.  —  In  which  of 
Disraeli's  works  occurs  the  description  oi 
Gladstone  as  "  a  good  man—  in  the  worst 
sense  of  the  word  "  ?  J.  W.  F. 

NiccoL6  DA  UZZANO.—  Can  any  reader 
tell  me  anything  about  Niccolo  da  Uzzano, 
whose  bust  by  Donatello  is  in  the  National 
Museum  at  Florence  ?  BRAD  STOW. 

[He  was  a  Florentine  statesman  of  the  Guelph 
u-ty,  and  waged  war  against  Visconti,  Duke  of 
,  from  1423  to  1428.     He  died  in  1432.] 

JOSEPH  CLOVER  OF  NORWICH.  —  "  Joseph 
Clover,  Esq.,  late  barrack-'master  at  Nor- 
wich "  (1756-1824),  was  also  a  promoter  of 
the  first  "  Swedenborgian  "  congregation  in 
that  city.  His  son,  another  Joseph  (1779- 
1853),  was  a  professional  artist,  and  ex- 
hibited at  the  Royal  Academy  from  1804 
to  1836.  Were  they,  respectively,  son  and 
grandson  to  the  "  Joseph  Clover,  1725-1811, 
farrier,  blacksmith  in  Norwich,"  noticed 
in  'D.N.B.,'  vol.  xi.  p.  131  ? 

CHARLES  HICHAM. 
169  Grove  Lane,  S.E.5. 


Milan 


:  "  PIPCHINESQUE."  —  In 
'  The  Little  Man,  and  other  Satires,'  by 
John  Galsworthy,  p.  256,  we  read  :  "  garbed, 
if  I  remember,  in  a  daverdy  brown  over- 
coat." This  word  is  not  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 
or  the  «  Eng.  Dialect  Diet.'  There  is  a 
West-Country  verb,  to  daver,  to  fade  or 
wither,  and  the  past  participle,  daver'  d,  is 
quoted.  Does  "  daverdy  "  mean  faded  ? 

On  .  257  of  the  same  work  Mr.  Gals- 
worthy uses  the  phrase  "  matched  his 
pipchinesque  little  old  face."  I  suppose 
this  refers  to  the  original  illustration  in 


'  Dombey  and  Son.'£;  It  is  a  great  tribute 
to  the  descriptive  powers  of  Dickens  end 
H.  K.  Browne  to  assume  that  modern 
readers  will  understand  the  meaning  of  this 
word.  The  puzzle  is  that  the  word  is  ured 
to  describe  a  delightfully  amiable,  childlike 
old  man,  with  a 

"  face  that  riveted  attention.  Thin,  cherry-red, 
and  wind-dried  as  old  wood,  it  had  a  special  sort 
of  brightness,  with  its  spikes  and  waves  of  silvery 
hair,  and  blue  eyes  that  sermed  to  shine." 

Mrs.  Pipchin  is  described  by  her  creator  as 

"  a  marvellous  ill-favoured,  ill-conditioned  old 
lady,  of  a  stooping  figure,  with  a  mottled  face,  like 
bad  marble,  a  hook  nose,  and  a  hard  grey  eye, 
that  looked  as  if  it  might  have  been  hammered 
at  on  an  anvil  without  sustaining  any  injury." 

How  can  these  descriptions  be  reconciled  ? 
J.  J.  FREEMAK. 
Shepperton,  S.O. 

GEORGE  POWELL,  THE  DRAMATIST. — I  have 
recently  obtained  a  copy  of  the  '  Reliquiae 
Wottonianae,'  4th  ed.,  8vo,  1685,  on  the 
fly-leaf  of  which  is  written  "  E  Libris 
Georgii  Powell,  26th  Decemb.,  1692."  I  am 
desirous  of  learning  whether  there  a-re 
extant  any  specimens  of  the  handwriting 
of  George  Powell,  the  author  of  *  The 
Treacherous  Brothers  '  (4to,  1690)  and 
'  Bonduca  '  (4to,  1696),  with  which  I  might 
compare  my  fly-leaf  inscription. 

C.  W.  B.  H. 

EARL  OF  BEACONSFIEID  :  TEE  FIRST  LORD 
LYTTON  :  MARTIN  TUPPER. — In  '  A  Bock- 
man's  Letters,'  1913,  Sir  W.  Robertson 
Nicoll  has  much  about  Mark  Rutherford 
(William  Hale  White),  and  quotes  the  follow- 
ing from  his  fugitive  writings  : — 

"  Lord  Lytton. . .  .drew  a  wonderful  horoscope 
of  his  friend  Benjamin  Disraeli,  in  which  by  some 
strange  freak  of  fate  nearly  every  one  of  the 
predictions  was  fulfilled." 

"  Lord  Beaconsfield,  charmed,  I  suppose,  by 
the  mystery  of  the  line,  '  A  fool  is  bent  upon  a 
twig,  but  wise  men  dread  a  bandit,'  pensioned  its 
author,  Mr.  Martin  Tupper." 

I  should  like  to  ask,  as  to  the  first,  if 
anything  is  known  of  the  horoscope,  its 
showings  and  their  fulfilment.  As  to  the 
second,  was  not  the  author  of  the  line  given 
he  late  Sir  W-  S.  Gilbert  ?  He  certainly 
included  it  in  his  *  Bab  Ballad  '  of  '  Ferdi- 
nando  and  Elvira  ;  or,  The  Gentle  Pieman  '  i 

Mister  Close  expressed  a  wish  that  he  could  only 

jet  amgh  to  me  ; 
And  Mister  Martin   Tapper  sent  the  following 

reply  to  me  : 
'  A  fool  is  bent  upon  a  twig,  but  wise  men  dread 

a  bandit,"— 
Which  I   know    was  very  clever,  but  I  didn't 

understand  it. 


12 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.V.JAN.,  1919 


I  always  understood  that  Gilbert's  rather 
famous  line  was  written  in  derision  of 
Tapper's  method  and  style,  and  should 
think  it  highly  improbable  that  it  was  a 
mere  transcript  from  *  Proverbial  Philo- 
sophy.' But  some  one  may,  even  at  the 
present  day,  be  able  to  say  how  this  is. 

W.  B.  H. 

BURRELL,  CENTENARIAN.  —  The  Whitehall 
Evening  Post,  No.  2446  (Tuesday,  Jan.  1,  to 
Thursday,  Jan.  3,  1733/4),  has  the  following 
announcement  :  "  On  Wednesday  last  died 
at  Sangate  [sic]  Castle  William  Burrell, 
aged  107  and  some  months."  I  shall  be 
glad  of  information.  .  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 


AUSTRIAN  MONEY  COINED  AT  THE  LONDON 
MINT.  —  It  is  said  that  at  the  time  of  our 
occupation  of  *Abyssinia  we  found  that 
Austrian  Maria  Theresa  dollars  were  the 
principal  current  coin  among  the  natives, 
and,  for  the  purposes  of  the  expedition,  the 
British  Government  sought  to  purchase  from 
Austria  a  number  of  these  coins.  As  they 
had  become  obsolete,  the  Dual  Monarchy 
lent  us  the  original  die,  and  by  its  use  the 
required  sum  of  silver  was  struck  at  the 
London  Mint.  Was  this  done  under  any 
special  Act  of  Parliament  or  Order  in  Council, 
and  what  was  the  total  value  of  coinage  so 
issued  ?  J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

NAPOLEON  AND  LORD  JOHN  RUSSELL.  — 
Mr.  G.  W.  E.  Russell,  in  his  recent  book  on 
*  Prime  Ministers  and  Some  Others,'  refers 
to  the  fact  of  his  uncle,  Lord  John  Russell, 
"  conversing  with  Napoleon  in  his  seclusion 
at  Elba."  What  was  the  occasion  and  object 
of  this  interview  ? 

J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

Glendora,    Hindhead,   Surrey 

"  BAPTISTE  MANTUANI  CARMELITE."  — 
I  have  come  across  a  copy  of  this  poetical 
work,  a  crown  octavo  book  lacking  the 
title-page.  The  only  clue  is  the  following 
memorandum  by  a  former  owner  :  — 

"  This  book  was  printed  in  the  second  year  of 
the  reign  of  Henry  VIII.,  and  formed  part  of 
the  library  of  that  monarch,  which  is  evident 
from  the  royal  arms  on  the  front  cover,  which 
in  that  form  were  only  borne  by  King  Henry  VII. 
and  VIII." 

There  is  a  further  note  to  the  effect  that 
"  The  autograph  on  the  back  of  this  leaf  is 
that  of  Dr.  R.  Farmer,  author  of  a  cele- 
brated work  on  Miracles,  Demons,  &c., 
to  whom  the  book  formerly  belonged." 

The  volume  for  its  venerable  age  has  a 
comparatively  fresh  appearance  ;  it  is  in  ! 


strong  calf,  gilt-edged,  with  clasped  opening, 
gilded  ornamental  back,  and  distinctive 
lettering.  At  the  bottom  of  the  cover  back 
is  "  Paris,  1507." 

Can  any  one  supply  identifying  par- 
ticulars and  title-page  of  this  presumed  early 
Parisian  work  ?  I  should  feel  thankful  for 
any  details.  ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

[The  editions  of  the  works  of  Battista  Spag- 
nuoli,  called  Mantuanus,  fill  many  columns  in 
the  B.M.  Catalogue.  Our  correspondent's  book 
would  seem  to  be  one  of  the  two  following,  which 
are  the  only  octavo  Paris  editions  of  1507 
recorded.  The  Catalogue  entry  of  the  first  is  : — 

"  Begin.  DC  calamitatibus  liber  i.  Baa- 
tistse.  [sic]  Mant.  carmelite'  Theologi . .  .  .[end]  In 
laudem  Joannis  Baptistse  pro  natali  Carmen. 
Co'tra  Poetas  impudice  loque'tes  Canren. 
Impressi  rursus  in  e'dibus  ascensianis  :  [Paris,! 
1607.  8vo.  1070.  d.  4." 

This  is  supplemented  by  the  note  :  "  Sig. 
t  iiii-B  and  aa  ii.  These  fragments  and  the 
1  Adolesce'tia,'  of  the  same  date,  apparently 
belong  to  the  same  collection." 

The  other  entry  runs  : — 

"  Adolesce'tia  seu  Bucolica  Baptistse  Mantuani 
carmelitee  Theologi  in  decem  e'glogas  divisa  et 
Epigra'mata  ad  Falcone',  &c.  Ex  e'dibus 
Ascensianis  :  [Paris,]  1507.  8vo.  1070.  d.  3," 
with  the  note  "  Sig.  AAA-HHH." 

Two  early  renderings  in  English  are  the 

following  :  "  The  Eglogs turned  into  English 

Verse. .  .  .by  George  Turbervile,  Gent.  London, 

1567,"  and  "The  Bucolicks Translated  out 

of  Latine  into  English  by  Tho:  Harvey,  Gent. 
London,  1656." 

The  above  indications  will,  we  hope,  enable 
MR.  WILLIAMS  to  identify  his  volume.] 

HON.  LIEUT.  GEORGE  STEWART. — In 
Macclesfield  churchyard  is  a  gravestone 
which  bears  the  following  inscription  : — 

"  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  the  Hon.  Lieut. 
George  Stewart,  88th  Beg.,  eldest  son  of  Francis, 
the  eighth  Earl  of  Moray.  Born  at  Drumsceuch, 
Edinburgh,  Feby.  2nd,  1771  ;  died  in  this  parish, 
Nov.  19th,  1821,  aged  50  years.  Rest  in  Peace." 

To  whom  does  this  refer  ?  Burke's 
*  Peerage  '  for  1916  gives  the  name  of  the 
8th  Earl  of  Moray  as  James,  but  that  for 
1871  gives  it  as  Francis.  Francis,  the  9th 
Earl,  appears  to  have  had  twin  sons  born 
on  Feb.  2,  1771,  namely,  Francis,  10th  Earl, 
and  Archibald  ;  but  no  mention  is  made  of  a 
son  George.  CHARLES  DRURY. 

12  Banmoor  Clifie  Boad,  Sheffield. 

EDMUND  CLERKE,  CLERK  or  THE  PRIVY 
SEAL.  —  Information  wanted  concern'ng 
the  whereabouts  and  consents  of  the  will 
of  Edmund  Clerke,  Clerk  of  the  Privy  Seal, 
who  died  c.  1587.  The  will  is  not  to  be 
found  either  in  Somerset  House  or  at 
Winchester.  A.  B.  MILNER. 


128.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QQERIES. 


13 


LAKES  PASCHOLLER  AND  CALENDARI, 
NEAR  THTJSIS.  —  The  *  Swiss  Tourist ' 
London,  1816)  at  p.  145  says  :  — 

"  From  Thusis  the  traveller  should  go  to  the 
village  of  Flerda,  a  league  distant,  situated  at  the 
foot  of  the  mountains,  and  from  there  ascepd 
Mount  Heinsils,  on  one  of  the  summits  of  which 
is  the  Lake  of  Pascholler.  This  lake  is  small, 
but  very  deep  ;  on  the  approach  of  storms  it 
boils  in  the  same  manner  as  Lake  Calendari." 

Then,  dealing  with  the  Via  Mala  (at  p.  146), 
the  same  authority  states  :  — 

"  Two  leagues  from  Ander  is  Lake  Calendari 
which  boils  furiously  on  the  approach  of  storms  5 
it  is  less  than  Lake  Pascholler,  and  the  ebullition 
which  takes  place  is  still  stronger." 

Mount  Heinsils  is  presumably  Heinzen- 
'berg.  Where  is  Flerda,  and  where  are  the 
two  lakes  ?  JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

NEATE. — I  should  be  glad  of  any  'in- 
formation about  the  following  members  of 
this  family  :  — 

(1)  Charleston  of  Richard  Neat e  of  Lon- 
don, who   graduated  M.A.  at  Cambridge  in 
1769,  and  died  March  5,  1782. 

(2)  Charles,  who  was   admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  1780. 

(3)  Richard,  son  of  Richard  Neate  of  Hor- 
bury,  Yorkshire,  who   gradiated    LL.B.    at 
Cambridge  in  1759,  and  died  Jan.  25,  1817. 

(4)  Richard,  who  was  admitted  to  West- 
minster School  in  1774. 

(5)  William,  admitted  to  the  same  school 
in  1745,  aged  8.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

NEWMAN. — Can  correspondents  give  me 
any  information  about  the  following  New- 
mans who  were  educated  at  Westminster 
Sohool  ? 

(1)  John,  who   graduated    B.A.    at  Cam- 
bridge from   St.   John's   Coll.   in   1754,  and 
was  ordained  in  1756. 

(2)  Thomas,  admitted  in  1718,  aged  14. 

(3)  Thomas,  admitted  in  1742,  aged  11. 

(4)  William,  admitted  in  1715,  aged  13, 

(5)  William,  admitted  in  1718,  aged  12. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

PATEN  OR  SALVER  ? — Were  patens  origin- 
ally designed  for  domestic  as  well  as  for 
church  purposes  ?  Is  there  any  instance 
of  a  paten  that  was  once  a  piece  of 'Com- 
munion plate  having  been  diverted  from 
that  sacred  use  and  added  to  a  collection  of 
household  silver  ?  The  paten  in  which 
I  am  specially  interested  is  13  inches  in 
diameter,  has  gadroon  .  border,  London 
mark,  date  1690.  It  weighs  about  31  oz. 
avoirdupois,  and  has  a  coat  of  arms  in  the 
centre.  This  piece  of  plate  has  until  lately 


been  supposed  by  its  possessor  to  be  a 
salver,  but  its  exact  counterpart  (with  a 
different  coat  of  arms)  was  on  show  recently 
in  a  loan  exhibition  and  was  described  in 
the  catalogue  as  a  paten.  I  shall  be  grateful 
for  information. 

(Miss)  E.  CRTJWYS  SHABLAND. 
26  Waldeck  Street,  Reading. 

STAGS  AND  EGLANTINE  :  ELIZABETHAN 
COURT  STORY. — Can  any  reader  suggest  an 
explanation  of  the  fact  that  two  families  of 
Elizabethan  times  had  for  crests  stags 
which  bore  in  their  mouths,  or  wore  as  a 
chaplet  around  their  necks,  sprigs  of  honey- 
suckle or  eglantine  ?  Is  there  any  tradition 
as  to  the  origin  of  the  "  eglantine "  so 
borne  on  the  crests  of  the  families  of 
Hardwick  and  of  Suckling  of  Norfolk, 
as  is  suggested  by  the  following,  from 
the  pen  of  a  member  of  the  Society  of 
Antiquaries  ? 

"  On  a  mount  vert  a  stag  current,  gorged 
with  a  chaplet  of  roses,  all  proper.  This  crest 
belonged  to  the  father  of  the  famous  Bess  of 
Hardwick,  ancestress  of  the  Dukes  of  Devon- 
shire. At  Bard  wick  there  is  a  remarkable 
table,  made  upon  the  occasion  of  her  fourth 
marriage — that  to  the  Earl  of  Shrewsbury — 
and  ornate  with  armorial  bearings,  representa- 
tions of  musical  instruments,  &c.,  inlaid  in 
marqueterie  over  the  entire  surface  of  the  table 
top.  The  date  of  the  marriage  was  1668,  and 
the  stag  of  Hardwick  in  profusion  surrounds  a 
central  escutcheon  bearing  the  verse  : — 

The   Redolent  Smle 

Of  ^Eglentyne 

We  Stagges  exavlt 

To  the  Deveyne, 
which  modernized  should  be  : — 

The  redolent  smell  of  eglantine 
We  stags  exalt  to  the  divine. 
"  The  crest  of  the  Sucklings  is  a  stag  current 
or,  in  the  mouth  a  sprig  of  honeysuckle  proper. 
Originally  the  stag  was  trippant,  and  the 
honeysuckle  was  absent  ;  but  the  story  is  that 
Queen  Elizabeth,  when  entertained  at 'Norwich 
in  1578  by  that  town,  conferred  upon  Alderman 
Robert  Suckling -the  augmentation  as  a  rebus 
on  his  name  Suckling — colloquially  the  hone>- 
suckle  or  woodbine. 

"  There  is  the  same  idea,  although  quite 
unjustifiable,  of  a  rebus  connecting  the  name 
with  the  honeysuckle  in  the  motto,  namely, 
'  Mora  trahit  periculum '  ('  Delay  causes 
danger  ').  The  motto  is  peculiar  to  the 
Sucklings,  and  would  seem  to  have  been  chosen 
for  the  play  on  the  similarity  of  the  words 
periculum,  '  danger,'  and  periclymenum,  honey- 
suckle or  woodbine. 

"  In  each  case  we  have  an  Elizabethan 
origin.  In  the  one  the  Queen  herself  conferred 
bhe  augmentation  upon  the  stag  ;  in  the  other 
the  verse  calling  attention  to  it  was  the  central 
ornament  of  the  state  table  used  at  the  marriage 
of  her  High  Steward.  In  each  case  a  stag  is 
adorned  with  one  of  the  sweetest-smelling  of  our 


14 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[128.  V.  JAN.,  1919. 


rdld  flowers,  and  the  verse  lays  stress  on  the 
4  i'edolent  smell.'  Shakespeare,  in  *  Cymbeline,' 
(IV.  ii.  223-4),  follows  with 

The  leaf  of  eglantine,  whom  not  to  slander, 

Out-sweetened  not  thy   breath  ; 
and     in     the     couplet     ('  Midsummer     Night's 
Dream,'  II.  i.  251-2) 

Quite  over-canopied  with  luscious  woodbine, 

With  sweet  musk-roses,  and  with  eglantine, 
he  brings  the  eglantine  and  woodbine  or  honey- 
suckle together,  if,  indeed,  eglantine  did  not 
itself  combine  both  sweetbriar  and  woodbine 
within  the  poetic  meaning.  Evidently  the  idea 
was  that  the  stag  should  '  exalt,'  or  make  an 
offering  of  '  sweet  savour  '  to  the  divine.  That 
side  of  the  story  is  patent,  but  what  was  the 
story  ?  Why  was»  the  stag,  to  say  nothing  of 
the  '  stag  current,'  in  each  case,  to  make .  the 
offering  of  the  sweet-smelling  herb  ?  I  think 
that  it  was  a  story  of  the  Elizabethan  Court, 
and,  not  improbably,  a  poetic  compliment  to 
herself." 

OLD  EAST  ANGLIAN. 

"Go  TO  EXETER  "  :  MURDER  TRIAL.— 
Can  any  one  help  me  to  trace  a  story 
which  I  read  in  The  Guardian  some  years 
ago  in  connexion  with  a  murder  trial  ? 
In  this  the  words  "  Go  to  Exeter  "  are  the 
key  ;  and  the  sheltering  in  a  church  porch 
fat  midnight  ?)  during  a  thunderstorm, 
when  the  church  clock  struck  thirteen,  was 
another  leading  feature,  t  These  points 
would  stick  in  the  memory  of  any  one  who 
had  read  the  story.  It  appeared  in  the 
obituary  notice  of  the  gentleman  who  heard 
the  voice  in  the  night  bidding  him  "go  to 
Exeter,"  and  whose  evidence  was  the  means 
of  procuring  the  release  of  the  person 
accused  of  the  murder. 

Some  old  subscriber  to  The  Guardian 
who  has  kept  his  back  numbers  may  be 
able  to  verify  it.  Variants  of  the  story 
appeared  in  The  Penny  Post  and  in  The 
Treasury,  but  it  is  The  Guardian  reference 
which  I  want  if  possible. 

J.  B.  OLDROYD. 

Brantingham  Vicarage,  Brough,  E.  Yorks. 

[The  story  of  the  sentinel  at  Windsor,  whose 
life  was  saved  through  his  hearing  the  bell  of  St. 
Paul's  Cathedral  strike  thirteen,  dates  back  to 
The  Public  Advertiser  of  Jane  22,  1770.  See  5  S. 
ix.  87,  114,  138,  156,  178,  198.] 

'THE  NEWCOMES.' — In  chap.  viii.  of 
'  The  Newcomes '  Thackeray  has  an  ex- 
quisite account  of  Mrs.  Hobson  Newcome 
at  home.  He  satirizes  all  "  lions "  in- 
discriminately, and  yet  with  a  loving  hand. 
Has  any  one  written  a  key  of  the 
whole  chapter,  identifying  Dr.  McGuffog, 
Prof.  Bodgers,  Count  Poski,  &c.  ?  '  The 
Newcomes '  was  published  in  1854-5,  and 
its  ^dramatic  date  was  about  1833,  i.e., 


Thackeray  seems  to  take  in  about  20  years. 
Miss  Pinnifer  must  be  a  good-humoured 
caricature  of  his  bewildering  friend  Charlotte 
Bronte;  and  Miss  Rudge  might  be  Miss 
Margaret  Fuller,  or  more  probably  Mrs. 
Harriot  Beecher  Stowe.  W.  A.  HIRST. 

CROW-FIG. — This  old  name  for  nux 
vomica  does  not  occur  under  '  Crow  '  in  the 
'  N.  E.  D.,'  but  I  find  it  in  a  quotation  from 
Dr.  Robert  James  (Dr.  Johnson's  friend) 
under  '  Nux  Vomica.'  I  met  with  it 
recently  in  an  article  on  the  jubilee  of  the 
Pharmacy  Act,  1868,  in  The  Chemist  and 
Druggist,  quoted  from  a  Poison  Bill  intro- 
duced into  parliament  in  1757.  The  name 
is  doubtless  due  to  the  fact  that,  as  Gerard 
says,  nux  vomica  was  use*d  as  a  poison  for 
crows.  I  should  like  to  know  where  it 
first  appears  and  when  it  went  out  of  UFO. 
Any  other  information  bearing  upon  the 
subject  will  also  be  welcome.  C.  C.  B. 

PRUDENTIUS'S        *  PSYCHOMACHIA.'    —  Can 

any  of  your  readers  inform  me  if  the 
'  Psychomachia '  of  Prudentius  has  been 
translated  into  English  verse  ?  If  so,  by 
whom  ?  This  Latin  poem  is  thought  to  bo 
the  foundation  of  the  plots  of  all  "  con- 
flict themes  "  in  our  old  morality  plays. 

WILLIAM  TAYLOR. 

ANDREW  B.  WRIGHT,  LOCAL  HISTORIAN 
AND  ACTOR. — Information  is  sought  re- 
garding the  parentage,  career,  and  death  of 
Andrew  B.  Wright,  who  in  1823  published  a 
useful  *  History  of  Hexham.'  He  is  tradi- 
tionally said  to  have  been  a  tragedian  and 
the  son  of  George  Wright,  also  an  actor. 

J.  C.  HODGSON. 

Alnwiok. 

EGIOKE  FAMILY  OF  EGIOKE,  co.  WOR- 
CESTER.— I  ehould  be  grateful  if  any  one 
could  tell  me  whether  the  -Egioke  family  is 
extinct  in  the  male  line.  There  is  a  monu- 
ment in  St.  Margaret's  Church, Westminster, 
with  a  Latin  inscription  to  Francis  Egioke 
of  Egioke  in  the  county  of  Worcester,  who 
died  in  1662.  LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

Essex  Lodge,  Ewell,  Surrey. 

ORLINGBURY  FAMILY.  — Information  is  de- 
sired as  to  the  whereabouts  of  court  rolls, 
&c.,  of  manors  in  the  hundreds  of  Ham- 
fordshoe,  Higham  Ferrars,  Nobottle  Grove, 
Orlingbury,  and  Spelhoe,  Nbrthants.  I  shall 
also  be  glad  to  hear  of  stray  wills,  and  to 
receive  particulars  of  persons  of  the  surname 
and  its  variants  Orlyngbere,  Orliber,  Orlebar, 
between  1347  and  1560,  especially  the 
descendants  of  Sir  Robert  de  Orlingbury, 


12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


15 


c.  1420,  and  his  connexion,  if  any,  with 
William  de  Orlyiigbere  of  Norton  by  Daven- 
try,  c.  1485,  together  with  the  parentage  of 
George  Orlyngbere  of  Eaton,  who  died  1553. 

J.  H.  BLOOM. 
No.  601,  329  High  Holbora,  W.O.I. 

GRAVES  PLANTED  WITH  FLO  WEBS. — When 
did  this  custom  come  into  vogue  in  Eng- 
land ?  Mrs.  Piozzi,  on  the  tour  in  Wales 
with  Dr.  Johnson,  wrote  in  her  diary  for 
Aug.  19,  1774:  "In  this  churchyard 
[Bangor  Cathedral]  I  first  saw  a  grave 
stuck  with  various  flowers,  a  large  bunch  of 
rosemary  in  the  middle  "  ;  indicating  that 
nothing  of  a  more  permanent  nature  than 
the  strewing  of  flowers  on  the  surface,  to 
which  Shakespeare  and  others  allude,  was 
familiar  until  the  approach  of  the  nineteenth 
century.  W.  B.  H. 

.AUTHOR  OF  QUOTATION  WANTED. — 
Death,  at  the  bedside  standing, 

Bade  Love  and  Rope  depart, 
But  Faith,  the  All-Commanding, 

Seized  Death  and  held  his  dart. 
Death  urged,  "  Give  me  the  mother, 

If  I  leave  you  the  child." 
"  Nay,  nay,  dear  friend  and  brother, 

I  must  have  both,"  Faith  smiled. 

D.   MACPlIAIL. 


SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH, 
EAST  LONDONER. 

(12  S.  iv.  296.) 

IN  the  remarkable  Raleigh  Tercentenary 
celebrations  in  London,  when  "  the  Shep- 
herd of  the  Ocea,n  "  at  length  secured  "  a 
place  in  the  sun,"  there  was  nobody  among 
the  crowd  of  eloquent  eulogists  to  recall 
that  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  had  good  claims 
to  be  counted  as  an  East  Londoner  ;  that  it 
was  in  Old  Stepney  that  he  was  tutored  for 
the  great  task  of  his  adventurous  life  by  his 
half-brother,  who  was  a  resident  in  what 
was  even  then  "  the  nursery  of  English 
seamen  "  ;  and  that  men,  arms,  and  muni- 
tioned vessels  were  there  assembled  for 
some  of  his  exploits,  and  notably  for  the 
last  fatal  expedition  to  find  the  source  of 
the  gold  of  -El  Dorado  for  the  greedy, 
impecunious,  and  ruseful  Scot  who  had 
succeeded  to  the  throne  of  the  Virgin  Queen. 
When  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  sailed  "  from 
Limehouse  "  on  his  third  voyage  to  Guiana, 
in  "a  pinnace  named  the  Watte,"  he  knew 
that  landing-place  on  the  Thames  very 


well ;  it  was,  in  fact,  only  an  industrial 
annexe  of  Old  Ratcliff  until  the  time  of 
Queen  Anne,  when  it  was  made  into  a 
parish.  From  1573  to  1578  Sir  Humphrey 
Gilbert,  the  famous  Elizabethan  soldier, 
sailor,  discoverer,  and  colonizer — the  half- 
brother  of  Walter  Raleigh — lived  "  in  retire- 
ment at  Limehouse,"  for  some  reason  not 
wholly  explicable  by  any  known  records. 
That  "retirement"  (with  practical  banish- 
ment from  Court)  was  certainly  not  absolute, 
for  Gilbert  relates  that  he  lost  the  greater 
part  of  the  fortune  he  got  with  his  wife  in 
a  smelting  and  coppersmith's  venture  in 
Limehouse,  along  with,  among  others, 
Thomas  Smith,  who  thought  he  had  found 
a  way  of  turning  iron  into  copper.  During 
the  winter  of  1574,  when  Gilbert  was  asked 
by  a  visiting  friend  "  how  he  spent  his  time 
in  this  loitering  vacation  from  martial 
stratagems,"  -the  host  showed  "  sundry 
profitable  and  very  commendable  exercises 
which  he  had  perfected  with  his  pen." 
Now,  one  of  these  was  Gilbert's  *  Discourse 
for  a  New  Passage  to  Cataia,'  which  was 
written  partly  in  support  of  his  petition  of 
November,  1566,  for  privileges  from  Queen 
Elizabeth  concerning  the  discovery  of  a 
North- West  Passage  to  Cathay.  It  took 
ten  years  to  get  this  "perfected  "  MS.  into 
print,  and  it  seems  to  have  been  the  chief 
incentive  to  the  Queen's  letter  to  the 
Muscovy  Company  in  1574,  calling  upon 
that  body  either  to  dispatch  another  ex- 
pedition in  this  direction  or  to  cede  their 
privileges  to  other  adventurers.  The  bearer 
of  this  letter  was  Martin  Frobisher,  to 
whom  a  licence  was  granted  by  the  Com- 
pany, Feb.  3,  1575,  together  with  divers 
gentlemen  associated  with  him.  Out  of 
this  grew  Frobisher' s  three  voyages  in 
search  of  a  North-West  Passage,  which  the 
local  patriots  of  Old  Stepney  justly  regard 
as  East  London  enterprises,  marshalled, 
manned,  and  stored  in  the  old  Port  of  London. 
When  Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert  got  his  charter 
from  the  Queen  in " June,  1578,  it  was  not 
carried  out  as  an  East  London  enterprise, 
although,  of  course,  Stepney  seamen  asso- 
ciates sailed  under  Gilbert's  pennon ;  and 
with  him  were  Walter  Raleigh,  his  half- 
brother,  and  several  West-Country  folk. 

And  now,  at  long  last,  after  the  Raleigh 
tamasha5  has  ended,  it  is  conceded  by  the 
principal  literary  patron  of  the  assembly 
that  when  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  had  schemes 
for  the  English  empire  of  the  sea,  had 
projected  a  discovery  of  the  North- West 
Passage,  and  dreamed  of  the  occupation,  in 
the  Northern  parts  of  America,  of  terri- 


16 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  JAN.,  19J9 


tories  for  Queen  Elizabeth,  "  his  lodging 
was  at  Limehouse."  There  "he  sat  among 
his  maps  and  instruments,"  and  his  dwelling 
"  was  at  this  time  a  resort  of  voyagers  and 
venturers  ;  Frobisher  and  Davis  were  part- 
ners in  his  researches,  and  Raleigh,  we  may 
be  sure,  the  aptest  of  learners."  There  is  a 
local  point  of  significance  in  the  leading 
journal's  reminder  that  the  royal  charter 
of  1578  granted  to  Sir  Humphrey  Gilbert, 
Raleigh's  half-brother  (under  whom  Raleigh 
served  against  the  Spaniards  in  the  Low 
Countries  in  1577,  and  with  whom  he  sailed 
in  the  first  and  less  unfortunate  expedition 
to  Newfoundland),  descended  as  by  in- 
heritance to  the  younger  man  whom  Gilbert 
helped  to  form.  On  March  25,  1584 — a 
pregnant  date  in  the  history  of  the  New 
World  and  the  Old — Walter  Raleigh,  now 
in  the  first  stages  of  his  greatness  and  high 
in  favour  with  Queen  Elizabeth,  obtained 
a  new  charter  of  discovery  and  colonization 
in  place  of  the  old.  He  was  to  send  many 
more  expeditions  to  Virginia  before  his 
fortunes  fell,  to  lose  all,  and  still  to  hope. 
Like  the  Scottish  hero  of  a  later  day,  he 
deemed  that 

He  either  fears  his  fate  too  much, 

Or  his  deserts  are  small, 
Who  dares  not  put  it  to  the  touch 

To  gain  or  lose  it  all. 

For  Sir  Walter  Raleigh,  whatever  his  faults 
(and,  under  present-day  conventions  and 
environments,  they  were  doubtless  many), 
was  a  patriot  who  believed,  as,  indeed, 
he  wrote,  "  that  man  not  worthy  to  live 
at  all  who  for  fear  of  danger  or  death 
ehunneth  his  country's  service  or  his  own 
honour,  since  Death  is  inevitable  and  the 
fame  of  Virtue  immortal." 

There  are  few  who  will  dissent  from  Sir 
Sidney  Lee's  considered  judgment  that 
Raleigh,  as  an  explorer  no  less  than  in  his 
numberless  other  spheres  of  activity,  was  the 
victim  of  great  ideas  and  great  speculations 
beyond  his  power  to  bring  to  fruition  :  — 

"  Judged,  however,  by  the  influence  of  his 
work  on  the  future,  his  endeavours  in  the  fields 
of  exploration  and  colonization  towered  above 
the  rest  of  his  achievement,  and  more  rightly 
than  any  other  Englishman  may  he  be  hailed  as 
the  prophet  and  pioneer  of  the  British  Empire." 

And  so,  sooner  or  later,  we  shall  eee  Sir  Walter 
Raleigh  high  on  that  Roll  of  Honour  in 
enduring  bronze  (or  gun-metal  ?)  which  the 
London  County  Council  design  to  upraise 
at  Ratcliff  Cross  ere  King  Edward's 
Memorial  Park  at  Shadwell — close  by — 
comes  into  being,  at  the  instance  of  our 
Sailor  King.  Me. 


In  his  interesting  note  Me.  mentions  that 
Raleigh  stayed  at  Blackwall.  He  also 
quotes  the  words  of  "a  Poplar  antiquary, 
writing  nearly  seventy  years  ago,"  with 
reference  to  an  ancient  house  near  Globe 
Stairs  and  opposite  the  Artichoke  Tavern, 
which,  according  to  tradition,  "  was  suc- 
cessively occupied  by  Sebastian  Cabot  and 
Sir  Walter."  The  antiquary's  description 
of  the  building,  which  follows,  quite  agrees 
with  the  appearance  of  a  picturesque  old 
tenement  of  which  I  possess  a  view  taken  in 
1873.  It  is  described  on  the  back  as  '  Sir 
Walter  Raleigh's  House,  Blackwall.'  I  will 
add  that  it  has  two  gables  of  wooden  board- 
ing, and  two  lower  stories  of  lath  and  plaster. 
Each  projecting  story  is  supported  by 
massive  carved  brackets,  those  above  having 
grotesque  heads  on  them.  I  should  think 
it  was  a  good  deal  later  than  the  time  of 
Raleigh.  Can  any  one  give  me  the  precise 
address  of  this  house,  which  in  all  probability 
was  destroyed  before  1880  ? 

PHILIP  NORMAN. 


HENRY  I.  :  A  GLOUCESTER  CHARTER. 
(12  S.  iv.  149,  223,  279.) 

MAY  I  express  my  regret  that  for  a  con- 
siderable period  *  N.  &  Q.'  has  been  a  sealed 
volume  to  me  ?  Hence  I  was  unaware  of 
MB.  SWYNNERTON'S  note  on  the  (to  me 
familiar)  Henry  I.  (1127)  charter,  which 
I  copied  myself  two  or  three  years  back, 
and  was  enabled  to  date  to  the  above  year, 
to  which  I  think  it  certainly  belongs,  for  the 
reason  that  its  more  perfect  duplicate  occurs 
in  the  Cambridge  MS.  of  William  of  Malmes- 
bury's  *  Gesta  Regum,'  dated  "  ab  Incarna- 
tione  Domini  M°COXX°VIIO  "  (apud  Win- 
toniam). 

The  editor  ( W.  H.  Hart)  of  the  *  Hist,  et 
Cart.  S.  Petri  Glouc.  '  has  treated  the 
charter  even  more  badly  than  MR.  SWYN- 
NERTON  describes,  for,  in  addition  to 
omitting  the  highly  important  witnesses, 
he  has  miswritten  "  Willelmus  "  for  Gisle- 
bertus  (de  Mineriis*),  and  printed  "affuerunt" 
for  affiuerunt  as  to  Adam  de  Port  and 
William  Fitz  Otho — a  ruinous  change  (cf.  also 
"  monachos  "  for  monachis).  So  much  for 
j  the  date  ;  but  is  there  any  reason  why  the 
i  modern  spelling  of  Mynors  should  be 
adopted  for  magnates  who  certainly  never 

*  Les    Minieres,  Department  of  Eure  in  Nor- 
;  mandy. 


12  S.  V.  JAX.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


17 


so  wrote  their  name  ?  Surely,  Miners  is 
preferable. 

With  regard  to  Henry's  charter  addressed 
to  Bishop  Sampson  of  Worcester,  quoted  from 
the  same  cartulary  (i.  235),  there  is  another 
important  variety  of  this,  too,  in  the  Cam- 
bridge MS.  Instead  of  ending  with  the 
clause  "  et  concedo  eis  escambium  de  horto 
monachorum  in  quo  turris  mea  sedet,  sicut 
Walterus  Vicecomes  de  Gloucestria  eis 
liboravit,"  it  has  "  teste  Girmundo  abbate 
W7inchelcumbce  et  Rogerio  de  Gloecestra 
et  Hugone  Parvo." 

Now  this  important  change,  I  hold,  at 
once  affects  the  date  of  this  charter  like- 
wise ;  for  here  we  have  Roger  (doubtless 
dying)  signing  his  gift  near  Falaise  ( 1 1 06)  in 
the  presence  of  two  important  witnesses  : 
the  Abbot  of  Winchcombe  (1095-1122), 
and  Hugh  Little,  one  of  his  superior  Norman 
tenants  in  Gloucestershire — about  whom  I 
could  say  more. 

Further,  the  MS.  cited  gives  the  following 
interesting  passage  :  — 

"  Is,  in  obsidione  Fallesii  telo  arcubalistee 
grayiter  vulneratus  in  capite,  donavit  ecclcsise 
S.  Petri  de  Gloecestra  manerium  quod  appellatur 
Culna  S.  Andrew,*  et  in  hoc  assensum  et  con- 
cessionem  Regis,  qui  etatim  ad  ee  videndum 
venerat,  impetravit,  ita  quod  manum  ipsius  cum 
earn  hujus  rei  gratia  deoscularetur,  frontis 
•anguine  cruentavit." 

These  authorities  were  duly  cited  by  Bishop 
Stubbs  in  his  notes  to  William  of  Malmes- 
bury's  '  Gesta  Regum  Anglorum,'  ii.  521-2 
(Rolls  Series).  I  could  adduce  others  still, 
but  for  respect  to  the  space  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 

This,  therefore,  places  the  King's  charter 
to  the  Bishop  of  Worcester  in  the  year  1106 
and  ( ? )  the  month  of  September.  What,  then, 
are  we  to  make  of  the  statement  in  the 
'  Gloucester  Cartulary,'  i.  69,  that  the  grant 
was  made  while  the  abbacy  was  vacant  at 
Serlo's  death  (i.e.,  1104)  ?  The  latter  is 
clearly  a  monkish  mistake. 

I  shall  now  produce  the  "  Confirmatio  " 
by  the  King  of  Roger's  gift  of  the  manor 
of  Coin  with  its  highly  important  array  of 
witnesses — by  which  I  venture  to  date  it 
1106-7,  probably  at  Gloucester  :  — 

Henricup,  dux  Anglie,  Sampsoni  episcopo 
Wigorniensi  et  Waltero  Vicecomiti  de  Glocestra, 
&c.,  salutem. 

Notum  sit  vobis  quod  dedi  et  concessi 
manerium  de  Culna  ecclesiae  S.  Petri  de  Glocestra 
ad  communem  victum  monachorum  sicut 
Bogerius  de  Glocestra  eis  dedit  et  concessit  et 
sicut  melius  tenuit  pro  anima  mea  et  uxoris  mese 
et  pro  animabus  antecessorum  meorum  et  concedo 
«is  escambium  orti  monachorum  in  quo  turris 

*  Called  Coin  Rogers  to-day. 


mea  sedet  sicut  Walterus  Vicecomes  de  Glocestra 
eis  liberavit. 

Signum  Be  +  gis. 

„         Matildis  Regine  + 

„  Wald(rici)  Cancellar' +  (made  Bishop 
of  Laon,  Nov.  1106,  killed  Ap.  25, 
1112). 

„  Episcopi  Dunelmensis+(t.e.,  B.  Flam- 
bard). 

,,         Boberti  Episcopi  Lincol'4- 
„         Bicardi  de  Beveis-f  (i.e.,  B.  de  Beviefis, 

ancestor  of  the  Courtneys). 
„         Da+vid. 
„         Boberti  Comitis  de  Mellent-f 

Mr.  Round  has  shown  ('  Feudal  England,' 
481)  that  the  last  known  appearance  of 
Waldric  the  Chancellor  occurs  in  a  Rouen 
charter  of  November,  1106.  The  above, 
unfortunately,  is  not  from  the  original  deed 
itself.  It  is  sufficient,  however,  to  bring 
Roger's  decease  and  the  King's  "Con- 
firmatio "  very  close  together. 

Roger  de  Gloucester  was  brother  to 
Herbert  (who  predeceased  him),  and  cousin 
to  Walter  the  Sheriff.  His  transactions  in- 
clude one  with  Serlo  (d.  1104),  the  Abbot  of 
St.  Peter's  (Glos.),  by  which  he  took  over 
certain  land  in  Westbury-on-Severn  in  fee 
(but  without  tithe  of  water  or  woodland) 
from  the  monks,  and  gave  in  exchange  (in 
alms)  Sandhurst  and  Atteley  (i.e.,  Hatherley), 
and  land  belonging  to  Ulfketil. 

With  the  claim  of  De  Miners,  with  the 
Editor's  leave,  I  will  deal  under  a  fresh 
heading.  ST.  CLAIB  BADDELEY. 

The  full  text  of  the  notification  ( *  Glouces- 
ter Cartulary,'  Rolls  Ser.,  No.  CXLII.),  printed 
by  MB.  SWYNNERTON  at  iv.  280,  shows,  I 
think,  that  he  has  misunderstood  this  docu- 
ment. The  Cartulary  heading — "  Culna 
Rogerii  " — is  misleading,  as  it  applies  only 
to  the  first  part ;  the  second  part,  begin- 
ning "  et  concedo,"  is  the  confirmation  of  a 
different  transaction.  Thus  the  King  con- 
firms :  — 

1.  The  grant  of  Coin  by  Roger  de  Glou- 
cester. 

2.  The    grant    (of    land    unspecified)    by 
Walter  de  Gloucester  in  exchange  for  the 
monks'   garden  in  which  the  King's  tower 
stands. 

Escambium  does  not  refer  to  Culna,  and 
the  clause  "  sicut  Walterus  viceconies  de 
Gloucestria  eis  liberavit "  refers  not  to 
horto,  but  to  escambium,  the  wording  implying 
that  Walter  made  the  exchange  as  sheriff, 
not  from  his  own  property. 

This  conclusion  sent  me  to  the  '  Gloucester 
Cartulary  '  to  discover  what  it  was  that  the 
monks  received  in  exchange  for  their  garden. 


18 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [12  s.  v.  JAN.,  1919. 


It  is  recorded  in  the  List  of  Donations  ! 
(i.  59)  :  — 

De  Ablode  et  Paygrave. 

Henricus  rex  senior  dedit  Deo  et  Sancto  Petro 
Gloucestriae  et  monachis  ejusdem  loci  Ablode,  et 
gravam  de  Bertona  quse  vocatur  Paygrave  in 
es  cambium  pro  placea  ubi  nunc  turris  stat  Glou- 
cestrise,  ubi  quondam  fuit  hortus  monachorum 
anno  regni  regis  Henrici  ejusdem  nono,  tempore 
domni  Petri  abbatis. 

Tho  printed  text  puts  a  comma  after  abbatis, 
and  continues,  "  de  sex  sellionibus  retro 
ouriam  de  Ablode,"  which  is  unintelligible. 
I  have  no  doubt  that  this  clause  was  intended 
as  a  heading  for  the  remainder  of  the 
paragraph,  which  records  the  gift  of  "  sex 
selliones  terras  retro  curiam  de  Ablode  "  by 
Ralf  de  Wylintone  and  his  wife.. 

Although  the  eccentric  punctuation 
appears  to  connect  the  date  with  the 
existence  of  the  garden,  we  may  assume  that 
it  was  the  grant  in  exchange  therefor  which 
took  place  in  9  Hen.  I.  ;  yet  the  editor 
(i.  318)  assigns  the  wide  date-limits  1100- 
1 1 12  to  the  corresponding  writ  (No.  ccxci. ): — 
De  Grava  qu«e  dicitur  Peygrave. 

Henricus,  rex  Anglise  [sic],  Sampsoni  [Wigorni- 
ensi]  episcopo,  et  Waltero  vicecomiti  de  Glouces- 
tria,  et  baronibus  Francis  et  Anglis  de  Glouces- 
tresyra,  salutem. 

Prsecipio  quod  monachi  de  Gloucestria  habeant 
gravam  in  bertona  mea  cum  terra  quam  dedi  eis 
pro  escambio  terrse  ubi  turris  mea  sedet,  et  volo 
lit  bene  et  honorifice  teneant. 

The  succeeding  charter  (ccxcn.)  is  wrongly 
headed  "  Confirmatio  ejusdem."  It  has 
nothing  to  do  with  the  King's  grant,  being  a 
confirmation  by  Robert,  Earl  of  Gloucester, 
of  a  grant  by  Richard  fitz  Neel,  and  is  a 
duplicate  of  No.  DLXXIL,  confirming  DLXXI. 
(ii.  89). 

To  revert  to  the  List  of  Donations  :  the 
grant  of  Coin  is  recorded  thus  (i.  69)  :  — 
De  Culna  Bogeri. 

Anno  Domini  millesimo  centesimo  quinto, 
Bogerus  de  Gloucestria  miles,  apud  Waleyson 
graviter  vulneratus,  dedit  monachis  Gloucestrise 
pro  anima  sua  in  montanis  Culnam  quse  vocatur 
Culna  Bogeri,  rege  Henrico  confirmante,  abbatia 
vacante  per  mortem  Serlonis  abbatis. 

What  is  the  meaning  of  "in  montanis  "  ? 
Can  montanis  be  a  wrong  extension  of  some 
part  of  morior  ? 

In  the  List  of  Donors  we  have  consecutive 
entries  (i.  123)  :  — 

"  Bogerus  de  Gloucestria  dedit  Culnam  Bogeri. 

"  Walterus  vicecomes  liberavit  nobis  Abbelode 
per  prseceptum  Uenrici  regis  pro  excambi*." 

It  is  quite  clear  that  Roger's  gift  of  Coin 
had  nothing  to  do  with  the  monks'  garden. 
CD  the  other  hand,  if  the  grant  of  Ablode 
and  Paygrave  Wood  were  made  in  1109, 


MB.  SWYNNEBTON  is  very  likely  right  in 
holding  that  No.  CXLII.  passed  at  the  same 
time  as  the  charter  to  the  canons  of  St.  Oswald 
in  Round's  '  Ancient  Charters  '  (No.  3).  (It 
is  worth  noting  that  the  canons  also  had,  or 
claimed,  rights  in  Ablode,  a  dispute  between 
the  two  houses  about  the  tithes  of  "  Abbe- 
lode,"  and  other  matters,  being  settled  in 
1218— i.  25.) 

How  untrustworthy  is  the  Cartulary  text, 
as  printed,  may  be  seen  by  comparing  the 
following  charter,  No.  CXLIII.,  with  the  text 
printed  by  MB.  SWYNNEBTON  from  the 
original  charter  (12  S.  iv.  149).  In  the 
Cartulary  this  valuable  record  is  rendered 
unintelligible  by  reading  "  Willelmus  "  in- 
stead of  Gislebertus  where  the  original  has 
"  q'd  Gis't'  versus  eos  &  Abbate'  suum 
clamabat."  AngV  is  extended  as  "  Anglise  " 
instead  of  Anglorum  ;  monachis  is  given  as 
"  monachos  "  ;  and  there  are  minor  errors. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

23  Weighton  Boad,  Anerley,  S.B. 


WAB  SLANG  :  REGIMENTAL  NICKNAMES 
(12  S.  iv.  271,  306,  333).— As  explained  in  a 
recently  published  book  entitled  '  Behind 
the  Barrage,'  by  Mr.  George  Goodchild, 
"  scrounge  "  appears  to  be  used  in  a  much 
broader  sense  than  that  conveyed  by  my 
friend  MB.  SPABKE'S  explanation  (iv.  307). 
Mr.  Goodchild,  in  the  book  referred  to, 
deals  with  the  life  and  work  of  a  gunner, 
and  as  an  officer  in  "a  heavy  battery  he  had 
p-mple  opportunity  of  acquiring  first-hand 
knowledge.  His  book  is  one  of  the  most 
realistic  specimens  of  war  literature  that  it 
has  been  my  pleasure  to  read.  Mr.  Good- 
child,  on  p.  94,  writing  of  the  various  duties 
performed  by  the  signalling  party  of  which 
he  was  in  charge,  says  :  — 

"  In  the  category  of  '  odd  jobs  *  came  '  scroung- 
ing.' '  Scrounging '  is  eloquent  armyese — it 
covers  pilfering,  commandeering,  '  pinching,* 
and  many  other  familiar  terms.  You  may 
scrounge  for  rations,  kit,  pay,  or  leave.  Signallers 
are  experts  at  it,  and  they  usually  scrounge  for 
wire.  Scrounging  for  wire  is  legitimized  by  the 
War  Office,  and  called  by  the  gentler  name  of 
'  salving.'  We  were  informed  it  was  our  duty  to 
economize  in  the  cost  of  the  war  by  salving  the 
wire  that  was  disconnected  by  shell  fire,  or  which 
appeared  to  be  serving  no  iiseful  purpose.  We 
had  first  to  '  tap  it '  on  the  line  with  a  field  tele- 
phone, and  if  we  got  no  response  the  wire  was 
ours.... We  made  'scrounging'  a  daily  affair, 
and  not  infrequently  '  scrounged  '  wire  that  was 
not  disconnected  and  belonged  to  other  batteries." 

Further  on  he  writes:  "They  [the  men] 
scrounged  round  for  a  nice  shell-hole,  rigged 
a  bit  of  tarpaulin  over  it,  and  called  it 
'  billets.'  " 


12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


19 


Eyewash. — I  have  not  seen  this  word 
noted  in  your  columns.  It  is  apparently 
used  to  denote  anything  that  is  exaggerated 
or  calculated  to  deceive  or  mislead.  Any 
portion  of  an  official  document,  or  a  list  of 
regulations,  which  is  not  of  vital  importance, 
is  designated  "  eyewash."  So  also  are 
complimentary  remarks,  either  true  or 
otherwise.  H.  TAPLEY-SOPEB. 

Exeter  City  Library. 

In  sending  another  list  of  war  words  may 
I  be  permitted  to  point  out  that  the  spelling 
of  the  words  in  this  and  the  first  list  is  that 
given  by  the  Tommies  in  France,  and  not 
mine  ?  I  hope  that  SIB  RICHABD  TEMPLE 
will  continue  to  give  derivations  of  any 
Indian  words  in  this  list,  and  that  other 
correspondents  will  add  to  it  and  explain 
any  obscure  words  therein.  Though  some 
of  the  words  may  not  be  new,  as  "  clink  " 
and  "chink,"  they  have  lain  in  obscurity, 
and  have  only  come  into  common  usage 
during  the  War  and  where  soldiers  do  con- 
gregate. 

Toothpick,  persuader,  toasting-fork. — Bayonet. 
Ticklers. — Improvised  bombs  made  in  "  Tick- 
ler's "  jam  tins. 

Aeroplanes. — Buses. 
Archies. — Anti-aircraft  guna. 
Funk-hole. — Dug-out  or  shelter. 
Emma    Gee. — Machine    gun,    from    the    initia 
letters  M.Q-.  as  pronounced  by  the  signallers 

Jam  on  it. — Similar  to  "  cushy  job  "  ;  something 
nice  and  e#sy. 

On   the   wire. — When   a  man   is   wanted   am 
cannot  be  found. 

For   the    jumps.  —  To   go  for   trial    for 
offence. 

No  bonne. — No  good  ;  useless. 
Windy. — Frightened  ;  nervous. 
Drum -up. — "  I've  some  sugar.     If  you  get  tea 
and  hot  water  we'll  have  a  '  drum -up.   " 

Put    your  skates    on.  —  Get    clear,    to    evade 
duty. 

Crawling,  creeping,  squaring. — Buying  favours 
M  oosh . — Guard-room . 
Chewing  the  fat. — Fault-finding. 
Bumble,  v. — To  disturb  or  annoy. 
Taped  oil. — Take  the  measure  of  a  man. 
Knock  the  end  in. — Spoil  the  whole  thing. 
Spruce,  v. — To  deceive. 

Sweating. — Getting  warm,  probably  from  the 
game  of  hide-and-seek.  Getting  excited. 

Shot  up  the  back. — Put  hors  de  combat  by  some 
saliy.  Found  out. 

Put  dots  on  one. — To  core  or  tire. 
Put  a  jerk  in   it. — Smarten  your  actions. 
Minnie. — A  shell  from  a  Mineniverfer. 
Diggers . — Au  stralian  s . 

A  man  working  a  searchlight  is  said  to  be  on 
the  "  pictures  "  or  "  movies  "  ;  one  risking  a 
great  deal,  or  playing  a  losing  hazard,  is 
"  chancing  his  mit." 

ARCHIBALD  SPABKE. 


any 


A  few  evenings  ago  I  was  walking  to  the 
railway  station  with  an  Australian  soldier 
on  leave  from  France.  In  the  semi-  darkness 
we  met  two  Tommies,  one  of  whom  saluted 
my  companion  with  "  Good-night,  Digger." 
My  friend  said  that  Digger  was  the  name  he 
had  always  heard  in  France  applied  to 
Australians,  and  that  "  Bill  Jim,"  used  in 
some  Australian  papers,  was  quite  un- 
familiar to  him.  J.  R.  TKOBNE. 

As  some  old  regimental  nicknames  are 
printed  by  MB.  SPABKE  at  the  second 
reference,  it  is  worth  while  to  draw  attention 
to  9  S.  v.  104,  161,  224,  263,  377,  438.  For 
mottoes  see  ibid.,  p.  389. 

Nicknames  and  mottoes  are  given  in 
John  S.  Farmer's  '  Regimental  Records 
of  .the  British  Army,'  1901  ;  and  in  'Regi- 
mental Nicknames  and  Traditions  of  the 
British  Army,'  published  by  Gale  &  P  olden, 
3rd  ed.,  1891  ;  4th  ed.,  1915. 

Care  should,  I  think,  be  taken  to  dis- 
tinguish the  battalions  in  linked-battalion- 
regiments.  Notably  nicknames  derived 
from  regimental  numbers  are  not  applicable 
to  both  battalions  ;  e.g.,  "  The  Three  Tens  " 
(30th  Regiment)  is  not  applicable  to  "  The 
Lily-  Whites  "  (59th  Regiment),  though  these 
two  regiments  are  the  1st  and  2nd  Battalions 
of  the  East  Lancashire  Regiment.  Although 
the  Territorial  titles  were  given  as  long  ago- 
as  1881,  I  believe  that  many  of  the  regi- 
ments or  battalions  cling  to-day,  un- 
officially, to.  their  old  numbers. 

ROBEBT   PlEBPOINT. 

LINES  UNDEB  A  CBUCIFIX  (12  S.  iv.  297).  — 
There  seems  to  be  little  doubt,  from  the 
respective  passages  transcribed  from  Weever 


and  Fynes  Moryson  by  PBOF. 
that  the  two  seventeenth-century  writers 
had,  consciously  or  unconsciously,  a  common 
original.  The  date  of  that  (obviously  pre- 
Reformation)  is  not  determined.  There  is  a. 
rare  old  book  in  Scots  orthography  —  pub- 
lished in  English  seventeen  years  earlier 
"han  Moryson'  s  and  thirty  -one  years  earlier 
:han  Weever'  s  —  which  it  will  not  be  un- 
interesting to  cite  here  for  the  sake  of  some 
verses  which  it  contains,  in  the  nature  of  a 
doctrinal  descant. 

The.    stout     little     volume     in     question 
444  pp.  plus  20)  is  entitled 

A  |  Facile  Traictise  |  Contenand  first  ane 
nfallible  reul  |  to  discern  e  trewfrom  fals  religion 
|  Nixt,  a  declaration  of  the  Nature,  Num.  |  beiy 
Vertew  &  effects  of  the  Sacraments  |  togider  with. 
ertaine  Prayers  of  deuotion.  |  Dedicat  to  hi* 
overain  |  Prince  the  Kings  Maiestie  |  of  Scotland* 


20 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1910. 


King  James  the  Saxt.  |  Be  Maister  Jhone  Hamil- 
ton Doctor  in  |  Theologie.  |  At  Louvan  |  Im- 
printed be  Laurence  Kellam  |  Anno  Dom.  MDC." 

This  is  the  priest  and  scholar  John  Hamilton, 
^active  in  the  cause  of  Queen  Mary  Stuart 
and  in  the  opposition  to  Henry  of  Navarre, 
who  lived  the  hunted  life  usual  to  recusants, 
and  died  in  prison  in  1609.  Following  the 
last  section  of  the  book,  entitled  *  A  Cata- 
logue of  Heresies,'  we  come  upon  a  poem 
•"  Composit  be  L.F.S.E.B.C.P.,"  and  there- 
fore not  Hamilton's  own.  It  is  headed  :  — 

"  The  Trew  Use  of  the  Crucifix  :  with  a  detection 

of lies  (1)  That  the  crucifix  and  vther  Images 

of  Christs  [sic]  and  of  his  Saincts  and  Angels  are 
Idols  ;  (2)  That  the  Catholiks  adoris  thame  for 
their  God." 

Below  is  a  woodcut  of  a  Calvary,  with  this 
tag  :  "  A  comfortable  standard  to  Catholiks 
And  feirful  to  Sathan  and  his  supposts." 
lastly,  the  dialect  lyric  :  — 

In  passing  be  the  Crucifix 

Adore  upon  thy  knie 
Nocht  it,  bot  Christ  whome  it  presents, 

With  all  humilitie  : 
For  God  is  he  whome  it  raports  ; 

No  irrage  God   can  be  ! 
Adore  what  thow  beholdis  in  it : 

Tak  it  for  memorie. 

-Caluin  dou  say  that  we  transgres 

Ane  of  the  ten  commands 
Whilk  bearis  we  suld  adore  na  thing 

Wrocht  be  the  grauers  hands. 
We  do  confirme  what  he  dois  say, 

And  knawis  better  nor  he 
What  difference  is  of  God  aboue 

From  clay,  from  stone  or  trie. 

•So  \^ha  to  Idols  dois  Compair 

The  image  of  our  lord 
That  he  ane  fals  God  is  ?  as  thay 

Thairto  be  maist  accord. 
.     For  nather  stok  nor  stone  wil  we 

[T]o  worschep  nor  adore, 
Bot  him  whais  image  they  present 
Wha  sits  in  heauenlie  gloire. 

Than  when  }e  sie  the  crucifix 

Giue  prayse  to  Christ  (I  say, 
3e  guid  and  constant  catholiks 

In  hymnes  and  cantiques  ay), 
Wha  be  his  figure  on  the  croce 

Presents  unto  }our  eies 
His  woundis,  his  forme,  his  passion, 

His  bluidie  sacrifice. 

So  it  ends,  though  there  is  more  of  it 
•than  is  here  given.  At  the  bottom  are  the 
«tring  of  difficult  initials  already  quoted, 
and  a  charming  colophon  :  "Excuse,  guid 
reider,  the  erreurs  committit  in  ye  preting  : 
Considder  the  difficultie  to  prent  our  langage 
in  a  strage  countrey.  God  Keip  $ow  !  " 

No  one  can  reasonably  doubt  that  the 
-maker  of  this  rough  serviceable  rhyme, 
^possibly  a  fellow  -  exile  of  Hamilton's  at 
Xouvain,  was  familiar  with  the  old  rood- 


screen  inscriptions  cited  by  PROF.  BENSLY. 
The  eight  lines  with  which  the  Scotsman 
leads  off  are  to  all  intents  and  purposes  a 
close  translation  of 

Effigiem  Christi  dum  transis  semper  honora, 
Non  tamen  effigiem,  sed  quern  designat  adora  : 
Nam  Deus  est  quod  imago  docet,  sed  non  Deus 

ipsa  ; 
Hanc  videas,  et  mente  colas  quod  cernis  in  ilia. 

The  vernacular  muse  had  a  hard  time  of  it, 
A.D.  1600,  with  Kellam' s  printers,  and  the 
author  himself  leaves  something  to  be 
desired  in  the  way  of  suavity ;  but  the 
apologetic  is  of  the  best. 

L.  I.  GUINEY. 

DESSIN'S  HOTEL,  CALAIS  (12  S.  iv.  187, 
248). — The  following  extracts  from  old 
guide-books,  &c.,  give  some  information  :  — 

"  The  most  superb  inn  is  the  hotel  formerly  the 
celebrated  Dessin's,  Rue  Boyale.  The  apart- 
ments are  elegant  and  the  accommodation  every 
thing  that  can  be  wished  ;  but  the  charge  is 
proportionable,  and  will  not  suit  every  pocket." — 
'  A  New  Picture  of  Paris,'  by  Edward  Planta, 
16th  ed.,  London,  1827,  p.  24,  s.v.  Calais  Inns. 

(Apparently  "  formerly "  refers  to  Dessin, 
the  original  innkeeper.) 

"  At  Dessin's  Hotel,  is  still  shown  a  room  in 
which  it  is  said  Sterne  wrote  part  of  his  '  Senti- 
mental Journey.'  Over  the  door  is  the  following 
inscription,  '  This  is  Sterne's  Boom.'  " — Ibid., 
p.  30. 

"  The  inns  of  Calais  are  excellent.  The  H6tel 
Dessin  is  mentioned  by  Sterne  in  his  '  Sentimental 
Journey.'  King  George  IV  slept  here  on  his  way 
to  Hanover,  in  1823,  as  did  the  Duke  of  Northum- 
berland, when  proceeding  to  Bheims  as  the 
representative  of  his  Britannic  Majesty  at  the 
Coronation  of  King  Charles  X.  It  is  the  finest 
house  in  Calais,  and  presents  every  comfort  that 
travellers  can  desire,  including  baths,  a  theatre, 
music,  and  a  fine  garden." — '  Galignani's  Tra- 
veller's Guide  through  France,'  9th  ed.,  Paris, 
1828,  p.  631.- 

"  The  far-famed  inn,  Dessejns,  still  exists,  and 
with  very  superior  accommodations  [sic],  for 
which  the  guests  must  pay,  but  the  charges  are 
not  unreasonable.  It  is  situated  in  the  Bue 
Boyale,  where,  in  imitation  of  Dover,  a  small 
foot-path  of  flat  stones  is  placed,  to  the  astonish- 
ment of  all  France,  such  a  phenomenon  having 
scarcely  elsewhere  obtruded  itself." — '  The  New 
Picture  of  Paris,'  by  Peter  nerve",  Esq.,  and  M. 
Galignani,  4th  ed.,  London,  1829,  p.  25. 


In   '  Bradshaw's. ..  .Continental    Railway 

Guide'    of    November,    1864,     p.    562, 

among  the  advertisements  is  one  of  the 

"  Hotel  Dessein. — L.   Dessein,  the  Proprietor, 

has  the  honour  to  inform  his  numerous  patrons, 

and  travellers  in  general,  that  since  the   1st  of 

:  January,  1861,  his  establishment  has  been  trans- 

'  f  erred  to  the  Hotel  Quillac,  which  has  been  entirely 

newly  done-up,  and  which  has  taken  the  name  of 

'  Hotel  Dessein.'     The  premises  of  the  old  Hotel 


12  8.  V.  JAN.,  191 9. J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


21 


Dessein  having  been  purchased  by  the  town  o 
Calais,  it  ceases  to  be  an  hotel  for  travellers." 
In  the  guide  part  of  the  book,  p.  256,  it  ii 
said  that  the 

' '  Hotel  Dessein  is  now  transferred  to  the  premises 

of  the  old  Hotel  Quillac the  latter  ceases  to  be 

an  hotel,   and  the  former  takes  its  place  as  the 
Hotel  Dessein." 

Tliis  no  doubt  means  that  Quillac  as  th 
name  was  changed  into  Dessein. 

In  Murray's  '  Handbook  for  France, 
17th  ed.,  1886,  part  i.  p.  3,  is  the  following  :  — 

"  Hotel  Dessin  (formerly  Quillac's),  uncom- 
fortable— the  Hotel  Dessin,  where  Sterne  and 
Sir  Walter  Scott  lodged  in  Rue  Boyale,  is  con- 
verted into  Baths,  a  Museum,  and  Schools." 

Quillacq's  [£tc],  as  well  as  Dessin' s,  appears 
in  the  '  Traveller's  Guide  through  France,' 
quoted  above. 

Whether  the  old  house  of  Dessin's  Hotel, 
eold  to  the  town  in  or  about  1860,  still  stands 
I  do  not  know,  nor  do  I  know  whether  any 
hotel  in  Calais  is  now  named  Dessein  or 
Dessin.  The  name  does  not  appear  in  the 
advertisements  of  the  Calais  hotels  in 
V Indicateur  des  Chemins  de  Fer  (Chaix)  of 
Sept.  21-27,  1913. 

ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 

The  replies  to  my  query  give  all  the 
information  one  could  wish  for.  It  is, 
however,  curious  that  none  of  your  corre- 
spondents give  the  name  of  the  house,  of 
which  I  was  ignorant.  I  find  that  it  is 
mentioned  by  William  Hickey,  who  writes  : — 

"  On  the  12th  of  October  [1776]  we  reached 
Calais,  putting  up  at  the  far-famed  Lion  d'Argent, 
of  which  hotel  the  voluble  Monsieur  Dessein  was 
the  proprietor." — '  Memoirs  of  William  Hickey,' 
edited  by  Alfred  Spencer,  ii.  04  (Hurst  &  Blackett, 


For  the  spelling  of  the  name 'as  "  Dessein  " 
Sterne  is,  of  course,  responsible. 

T.  F.  D. 

SOL  AS  A  WOMAN'S  NAME  IN  ENGLAND 
(12  S.  iv.  133).— W.  J.  B.  writes:  "  One 
instance  is  believed  to  be  an  abbess,  or 
daughter  of  some  pre-Norman,  Saxon,  or 
British  queen  in  Somerset  or  thereabouts." 
This  is  not  a  very  definite  clue,  but  the 
geographical  indication  makes  it,  perhaps, 
worth  suggesting  that  the  instance  is  the 
British  goddess  Sul  or  Sulis,  after  whom 
the  Roman  city  of  Bath  was  named  Aquas 
Sulis.  The  Romans  identified  her  with 
Minerva,  and  her  name  i«  found  in  several 
dedicatory  inscriptions  at  Bath.  An  error 
which  affected  some  manuscripts  of  the 
*  Antonine  Itinerary  '  gave  rise  to  the  mis- 
spelling "  Aquse  Solis/'  See  the  Pauly- 


Wissowa  '  Realencyclopadie  '  under  '  Aquae,r 
No.  31,  and  the  '  Corpus  Inscriptionum 
Latinarum,'  vol.  vii.,  edited  by  Hiibnerr 
pp.  24  sqq.  It  may  be  added  that  a  goddess 
Sol  (2c3A)  is  mentioned  on  a  Greek  in- 
scription from  the  Bosphorus,  of  152  A.D. 
An  attempt  was  made  at  one  time  to  connect 
her  name  with  that  of  the  British  deity  - 
See  Roscher's  *  Lexicon,'  part  66,  col.  1152. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
University  College,  Aberystwyth. 

RICHARD  I.  IN  CAPTIVITY  (12  S.  iv.  303).— 
Lingard  in  his  '  History  of  England,' 
ii.  268-70,  says  that  Richard  "  was"  driven, 
by  a  storm  to  the  coast  of  Istria,  between 
Aquileia  and  Venice,  and  proceeded  towards 
Goritz  (Gorizia),  the  residence  of  Maynardr 
a  nephew  of  Conrad."  He  got  as  far  as 
Erperg,  a  suburb  of  Vienna,  where  he  was 
captured  and  imprisoned  by  the  Duke  of 
Austria.  Later  he  was  delivered  over  to 
the  Emperor  Henry  VI.,  who  confined  him 
in  a  castle  in  the  Tyrol  till  Queen  Eleanor, 
his  mother,  obtained  his  release  through 
the  mediation  of  the  Pope. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

W.  E.  Flaherty  in  the  '  Annals  of  England  ' 
1858),  vol.  i.  pp.  275-6,  writes  :— 

"  A.D.  1192 The  king's  fleet  reaches  Sicily,. 

Ut  his  own  vessel  is  driven  to  Corfu,  Nov.  11  t 
e  is  soon  after  shipwrecked  in  the  upper  part  of 
;he  Adriatic,  and  attempts  to  make  his  way  in 
disguise  as  Hugh  the  merchant.  He  at  length- 
reaches  Erperg,  near  Vienna,  where,  being 
recognized,  he  is  seized  by  Leopold,  duke  of" 
Austria,  Dec.  20.  The  emperor  (Henry  VI.) 
claims  the  custody  of  Richard,  Dec.  28,  and 
confines  him  in  a  castle  in  the  Tyrol. 

A.T>.  1193.  Richard's  prison  is  discovered  by 
Longchamp  ;  the  queen-mother  appeals  to  the 
)ope  (Celestine  III.),  who  excommunicates  hi» 
oppressors,  but  fails  to  obtain  his  freedom., 
lichard  is  brought  before  the  diet  at  Hagenau,. 
ibout  Easter  (Mar.  28),  when  he  clears  himself  by 
>ath  from  the  murder  of  Conrad  ;  a  heavy  sum  w 
ettled  for  his  ransom,  June  28. ... 

"  A.D.  1194. . .  .The  German  princes  compel  the- 
mperor,  against  his  will,  to  release  Richard,  who 
s  set  at  liberty,  Feb.  4." 

JOHN  B.  WAINE  WRIGHT. 

CRAGGS  AND  NICHOLSON  FAMILIES  (12  S. 
v.  220,  310). — There  is  a  pedigree  of  the 
Craggs  and  Eliot  family  in  Hasted' s  '  History 
of  Kent,'  i.  138,  which  was  communicated 
by  the  Earl  of  St.  Germains.  This  shows 
no  connexion  between  the  Craggs  and 
Nicholson  families.  I  have  a  pedigree  of 
the  Craggs  family,  much  fuller  than  the 
above,  from  local  (Durham)  records  and 
registers,  and  it  has  no  connexions  with  the- 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [i2s.v.  JAN.,  1919. 


"Nicholsons.  Ferdinand^Craggs,  "  guessed  " 
.as  the  father  of  Margaret  Craggs,  died  un- 
married in  1749,  and  was  buried  in  Wolsing- 
liaxn  Churchyard  in  this  county  (Durham). 
A  handsome  marble  monument  to  him  and 
othar  members  of  the  family  was  destroyed 
before  1800. 

Margaret  Craggs  (?)  (afterwards  Nichol- 
son) was  born  in  November,  1718,  and  must 
lirwe  belonged  to  some  other  generation, 
afoc-  Ferdinand  (b.  1671,  d.  1749)  and  the 
Rfc.  Hon.  James  (b.  1657,  d.  1721)  were  the 
only  sons.  The  father  of  the  two  latter 
W;is  Anthony.  He  had  four  brothers  : 
Thomas,  John,  George,  and  William.  Thomas 
<lied  s. p.  Was  Margaret  not  a  grandchild 
of  one  of  the  other  three  ?  I  cannot  follow 
•their  descent.  Thomas,  the  father  of  An- 
thony, registered  his  pedigree  in  1615,  bitt 
^Anthony  did  not  do  so  in  1665.  As  Margaret 
is  called  first  cousin  of  Secretary  Craggs, 
It  is  more  than  probable  that  her  surname 
wa.3  not  Craggs.  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham.  ,> ,   „   ^  j£J   ? 

ARISTOTLE  ON  THE  GREEK  TEMPERAMENT 
(12  S.  iv.  302).— In  the  '  Politics,'  book  iv. 
{  =  vii.  formerly),  chap.  vii.  (vol.  iii.  p.  46 
of  W.  L.  Newman's  edition),  Aristotle 
affirms  that  the  races  who  live  in  cold 
-districts,  and  in  particular  those  in  Europe, 
abound  in  spirit  (#17*05),  but  are  deficient 
In  intellect  (Stavota)  and  skill  (f^rf),  while 
those  in  Asia  are  Siavor/n/ca  fj.lv  Kal  rfxy-Ka. 
TTJV  ^VXTTJV,  aOvpa  8c.  The  Greeks,  he  goes 
on  to  say,  being  between  the  two  divisions 
geographically,  share  the  qualities  of  both, 
for  they  are  spirited  and  intellectual.  This 
Is  presumably  the  place  referred  to  in 
Jebb's  '  Primer  of  Greek  Literature.' 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"HEATER-SHAPED"  (12  S.  iv.  270).— In 
"the  Trans.  Hist.  Soc.  Lanes,  and  Ches.  for 
1888  (vol.  xl.),  in  a  paper  on  '  Book-Plates, 
with  a  Proposed  Nomenclature  for  the 
'Shapes  of  Shields,'  Mr.  J.  P.  Rylands,  F.S.A., 
states  (p.  13)  that  it  was  troublesome  to  be 
obliged,  when  describing  the  shape  of  a 
shield,  to  sketch  it,  and  it  had  occurred  to 
"him  that  by  inventing  a  nomenclature  for 
the  forms  of  shields  trouble  might  be  saved. 
He  gives  a  plate  showing  various  shapes  of 
shields,  "  and  the  arbitrary  names  which  I 
suggest  should  be  assigned  to  them." 
Shield  5  is  the  shape  of  the  heater  in  a  hot 
iron,  and  is  labelled  "  heater."  In  the  next 
volume  (xli.),  in  a  paper  by  George  Graze- 
larpok,  F.S.A.,  on  the  shapes  of  heraldic 
•shields,  the  writer  states  (p.  11)  his  intention 


of  using  "  the  new  system  of  nomenclature 
devised  and  introduced  by. . .  .Mr.  J.  Paul 
Rylands,"  and  bears  testimony  to  its  great 
usefulness  as  a  simple  alphabet  of  shapes,  so 
convenient  that  it  will  come  into  general 

R.  S.   B. 


use. 


In  '  Monumental  Brasses  and  Slabs,'  by 
the  Rev.  Chas.  Boutell,  1847,  p.  37,  the 

shield    of    Sir de    Bacon,    Gorleston, 

Suffolk,  is  described  by  this  word. 

H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

ANCIENT  ORDER  OF  FORESTERS  :  BLUE 
EYE  (12  S.  iv.  300). — The  all-seeing  eye  has 
come  down  from  the  Egyptians  as  a  symbol 
of  providence  ;  and  in  heraldry  it  signifies 
provident  government,  in  which  sense  it 
has  been  appropriated  by  benefit  societies, 
&c.  Somewhat  fancifully,  blue  is  said  to 
indicate  wisdom ;  green,  power ;  and  red, 
love  ;  elsewhere  the  equivalents  are  given  as 
red,  fire  ;  blue,  air ;  and  green,  earth  ;  but 
no  meaning  seems  to  attach  to  any  colour 
chosen  as  tint  of  an  eye.  W.  B.  H. 

MERCHANT  MARKS  AND  ANCIENT  FINGER  - 
RINGS  (12  S.  iv.  301). — 'Rings  for  the 
Finger,'  by  G.  F.  Kunz  (Lippincott,  1917), 
may  serve  your  correspondent's  purpose. 
Well-to-do  merchants  of  mediaeval  times, 
not  entitled  to  armorial  bearings,  often  had 
special  individual  marks  or  symbols  en- 
graved upon  their  signets.  This  custom 
obtained  011  the  Continent  as  well  as  in 
England,  and  allusion  is  made  in  *  Piers 
Plowman,'  a  poem  of  the  fourteenth  cen- 
tury, to  "  merchantes  xnerkes  ymedeled 
in  glasse."  Probably  emblems  of  this  kind 
came  to  have  a  certain  association  with  the 
business,  which  in  many  cases  descended 
from  father  to  son  through  a  number  of 
generations.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

MR.  SWITHINBANK  will  find  many  hundreds 
of  marks  figured  in  the  publications  of  the 
Norfolk  and  Norwich  Archaeological  Society 
(1850),  vol.  iii.  part  ii.  ;  the  British  Archaeo- 
logical Association  (1893),  vol.  xliv.  part  i.  ; 
the  Clifton  Antiquarian  Club,  vols.  iii.  and 
vii.  ;  the  Devonshire  Association  for  the 
Advancement  of  Science  (1891),  vol.  xxiii.  ; 
and  the  Historic  Society  of  Lancashire  and 
Cheshire  (1910),  vol.  Ixii.,  where  references 
are  given  to  various  British  and  foreign 
works  on  marks.  In  the  Guildhall  Library, 
London  (MSS.,  Nos.  1105  and  1106),  there 
are  the  large  collections  of  merchants'  marks 
!  formed  by  the  late  Dr.  J.  J.  Howard  and 
'  Mr.  Frost.  J.  P.  R. 


12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Some  well-illustrated  information  on  the  j 
subject  of  merchant  marks  is  given  in  a 
paper  read  in  October,  1915,  by  Mr.  Arbuth- 
not  Murray,  and  published  in  the  Proceedings 
of  the  R.  W.  Masters  and  Past  Masters 
Association,  under  the  Grand  Lodge  of 
Free  and  Accepted  Masons  of  Scotland. 
Another  source  of  information  which  might 
prove  useful  is  '  The  Lost  Language  of 
Symbolism,'  by  Harold  Bayley  (Williams  & 
Norgate,  1912). 

Is  the  querist  satisfied  that  the  mark  is 
a  "merchant's  mark,"  and  not  one  of  the 
innumerable  symbolical  devices  used  in 
other  connexions  ?  A  description  of  it 
would  perhaps  help  in  deciding  the  point. 
ARTHUR  BOWES. 

Nevrton-le-Willows,  Lanes. 

Two  papers  on  the  subject  of  merchant 
marks  have  been  read  before  the  Clifton 
Antiquarian  Society :  one  is  printed  in 
vol.  iii.  pp.  1  to  4,  and  the  other  in  vol.  vii. 
pp.  97  to  194.  I  have  not  read  them,  but 
merely  made  a  note  that  they  are  to  be 
found  there.  If  your  contributor  cares  to 
send  me  a  wax  impression  or  a  drawing  of 
his  ring,  I  will  try  to  identify  it  for  him  at 
the  Bristol  Reference  Library. 

WM.  SAISIGAR. 

205  Avon  Vale  Road,  Barton  Hill,  Bristol. 

REV.  SIR  ROBERT  PEAT  (12  S.  iv.  303). — 
Canon  Mgr.  A.  Mifsud  in  his  book  *  The 
Venerable  Tongue  of  England  in  Malta " 
(Malta,  1914),  at  pp.  288-9,  writes  as  follows  : 

"  Queen  Victoria,  by  her  charter  of  the  14th  May 
1888,  created  an  Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem 
analogous  to,  but  independent  of,  the  ancient 
Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  called  '  of  Malta,' 
and  without  any  connexion  with,  or  dependency 
on,  the  same.  This  new  creation  has  been  held 
by  some  to  constitute  a  re-integration  of  the  old 
'  Tongue  of  England.'  The  negotiations  under- 
taken by  French  Knights  of  the  Order,  in  1814 
for  the  revival  of  the  Tongue  of  England  are 
supposed  to  link  this  modern  institution  with  the 
old  one." 

Then  in  a  note  Canon  Mifsud  refers  to 
R.  Bigsby's  '  Memoir  of  the  Order  '  (Derby 
1869),  and  to  '  The  Order  of  the  Hospital  of 
-St.  John  of  Jerusalem  '  (London,  1902),  by 
W.  M.  R.  Bedford  and  R.  Holbeche.  He 
goes  on  :  — 

"  In  support  of  this  contention  the  following 
points  are  set  forth  :  that  a  convention,  based  on 
articles  drawn  up  for  the  purpose  on  the  llth  June 

1826,  and  on  the  24th  August  and  15th  October 

1827,  was  entered  ;  that  an  alleged  formal  recog' 
nit  ion  of  the  re-established  Tongue  took  place  on 
24th    January,    1831,    when    Sir    Robert    Peat 
Chaplain  extraordinary  to  H.M.  George  IV.,  an< 
the  holder  of  a  Rectory  in  Middlesex,  installec 
himself  as  Grand  Prior  of  the  Tongue  of  Englanc 


in  the  presence  of  the  Chevalier  Philip  Chastelairt 
and  of  Mr.  Donald  Currie,  who,  by  instrument 
ssued  by  the  French  Knights  on  the  14th  Decem- 
)er,  1827,  had  been  deputed  to  inaugurate  the 
nstallation.  It  is  a  fact  that  the  said  Sir  Robert 
Peat,  on  24th  February,  1834,  deemed  it  his  duty 

0  present  himself  in  one  of  the  Chanceries  of  the- 
Royal  Courts  to  take  the  oath  of  administration 

of  the  Grand  Priory,  notwithstanding  that  his  case 
did  not  appear  to  be  contemplated  by  the  Statute^ 
of  George  IV.  c.  17  prescribing  oaths  of  office,  and. 
much  less  was  such  procedure  in  any  way  required 
yy  the  Statute  of  Philip  and  Mary  invoked  by  him. 
Mr.  Cecil  Lorr  [Torr],  in  a  communication  to  The- 
Athenccum,  No.  3267  of  7th  June,  1890,  has  proved 
ihat  these  contentions  were  untenable." 

JOHN  B.  WAINE  WRIGHT. 

From  obituary  notices  in  The  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  for  August,  1837,  and 
*  The  Annual  Register,'  it  appears  that  the- 
Rev,  Robert  Peat  had  no  English  title,  and 
took  the  style  of  "  Sir "  from  permission, 
given  him  by  George  III.  to  wear  the  Polish 
decoration.  Rector  of  Ashley- cum -Silverley 
and  Vicar  of  Kirtling,  co.  Cambridge,  he 
was  at  some  time  chaplain  to,  and  in  the 
confidence  of,  the  Prince  Regent,  who  pro- 
cured him  the  living  of  New  Brentford, 
where  he  died,  April  20,  1837,  aged  65. 
He  was  author  of  a  published  sermon  on  the 
Thanksgiving  Day  for  the  Peace,  1814,  and 
is  erroneously  referred  to  in  a  work  pub- 
lished in  his  lifetime  as  a  baronet.  His 
name  is  not  in  the  knights'  lists,  and  he* 
was  never  "  Prior  of  the  Sovereign  Order 
of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  "  ;  he  became  an 
ordinary  member  of  that  Order  on  Nov.  1 1  r 
1830.  W.  B.  H. 

In  1801  the  Rev.  Robert  Peat,  D.D.,, 
was  chaplain  to  H.R.H.  the  Prince  of  Wales 

1  find  him  so  described  in  the  records  of  a* 
Masonic  lodge  which  he  joined  in  that  year. 
Ho   was    knighted,    probably,    before    1808,, 
as,  I  think,  he  is  called  Sir  Robert  Peat  in 
the  lodge  records  of  that  year,  but  I  have 
no  note  on  the  point. 

C.  W.  FIREBBACE,  Capt. 

In  Mr.  H.  W.  Fincham's  '  History  of  the 
Order  of  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  in  England  * 
the  name  of  Sir  Robert  Peat  appears  firt  t 
on  the  list  of  "  the  Grand  Priors  "  after  the 
revival  of  the  Order  in  England  ;  and  it  is 
there  noted  that  he  "  took  the  oath  De  ficlele 
administratione "  before  the  Lord  Chief 
Justice  of  England  on  Feb.  24,  1834,  having 
been  elected  Grand  Prior  at  a  Chapter 
General  of  the  English  Langue  held  in 
January,  1831. 

Sir  Robert  died  April  21,  1837,  aged 
66  years,  according  to  an  inscription  printed 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES, 


112S.  V.  JAN.,  1919. 


t>y  T.  Faulkner  in  his  '  History  of  Brentford,' 
«.nd  was  buried  in  the  church  of  St.  Lawrence, 
New  Brentford.  His  library,  containing  a 
good  selection  of  theological  works  and  of 
Oreek  and  Latin  classics,  was  sold  at 
Sotheby's  in  June  of  that  year. 

R.  JAMES  PARKER. 
Darfield  Eoad,  Crofton  Park,  S.B. 

THE  POPE'S  CROSIER  (12  S.  iv.  13).— 
A.  E.  P.  R.  D.  asks  for  a  verification  of  the 
statement  that,  according  to  St.  Thomas 
Aquinas,  the  Pope  never  carried  a  crosier 
unless  he  entered  the  diocese  of  Trier. 
This  practice  is  mentioned  by  Jeremy 
Taylor  in  his  *  Discourse  of  the  Liberty  of 
Prophesying,'  §  7,  *  Of  the  fallibility  of  the 
pope  and  the  uncertainty  of  his  expounding 
scripture  and  resolving  questions.'  Taylor 
gives  Aquinas  as  his  authority,  and  adds  the 
marginal  reference,  "  In  iv.  sent.  dist.  24." 
Eden  in  his  edition  of  Taylor's  works, 
vol.  v.  p.  466,  adds  the  further  detail, 
•"  q.  3  art.  3  fin."  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

ICKE  FAMILY  (12  S.  iv.  106,  226,  311).— 
Lower's  '  Patronymica  Britannica  '  derived 
the  surname  Hick  or  Hicks  from  Isaac,  and 
Canon  Bardsley  in  his  first  work,  '  English 
Surnames,'  took  a  similar  view.  This  is 
•doubtless  the  book  referred  to  by  SIR 
DOUGLAS  OWEN.  Bardsley,  who  made  a 
special  study  of  surnames  in  his  later  years, 
"  produced  his  *  Dictionary  of  English  and 
Welsh  Surnames  '  in  1901.  In  this  work  he 
altered  his  view  entirely  in  regard  to  the 
personal  names  Hicks,  Higgs,  &c.,  and 
wrote,  s.v.  Higgin  :  — 

"I  stated  in  my  'English  Surnames'  (1875) 
that  Isaac  was  the  parent  of  Hikke,  Higgs,  giving 
my  reasons.  B\it  I  was  altogether  wrong,  and  I 
take  this  opportunity  of  apologizing  for  what  at 
"best  was  only  a  guess." 
Under  Hick  he  writes  :  — 

"  That  Hick  was  the  nickname  of  Richard,  for 
a  time  rivalling  Dick,  is  clearly  manifest. . .  .If  it 
be  objected  that  Hick  is  hard  and  Richard  soft, 
the  same  objection  applies  to  Dick.  Besides, 
Hick  had  a  softened  variant  in  Hitch,  whence  our 
Hichins,  Hichinsons,  Hitchins,  and  Hitchings. . . . 
In  the  after-race  for  popularity  Dick  won  at  a 
canter,  and  while  Hick  is  forgotten,  Dick  holds 
his  own." 
Under  Icke  he  says  :  — 

"  The  son  of  Richard,  from  the  nickname  Hick. 
The  surname  seems  to  have  lost  its  aspirate." 

While  Isaac  would  produce  Ike  and  Ikey, 
it  Would  not  give  Icke  and  Ickey.  It  is 
quite  possible  that,  as  Lower  suggests,  there 
may  be  a  place-name  Heck  or  Hick  which  is 
responsible  for  some  of  the  personal  names 


now  current,  as  such  family  names  as  Ross, 
Lum,  &c.,  appear  to  have  more  than  one 
souce  to  draw  from. 

See  also  the  entries  under  Dick,  Diggs, 
Dickens  (from  a  French  Diquon),  Dix 
(Dixon),  and  Hickok  in  Bardsley' s  « Dic- 
tionary/ 

The  Rev.  J.  W.  Johnston  derives  Eccles 
and  Beccles  from  ecclesia  and  bi-ecclesia,  or 
Church  and  Bychurch.  N.  W.  HILL. 

36  Highbury  Place,  N.5. 

"BIAJER"  (12  S.  iv.  187,  252).— On 
reading  MR.  S.  PONDER' s  reply,  I  remem- 
bered that  there  is  an  interesting  note  tin 
the  Orang-Laut  in  '  My  Journal  in  Malayan 
Waters;  or,  the  Blockade  of»Quedah,'  by 
Capt.  Sherard  Osborn,  R.N.,  C.B.,  (3rd  ed., 
1861,  pp.  253-9).  In  this  he  writes  :  — 

"  My  Malays  owned  they  were  countrymen,  but 
spoke  of  them  as  barbarians  of  the  lowest  caste, 
pariahs  of  Malay ia,  and  summed  them  up  by  the 
title  of  Bad  People,  or  Gipsies,  who  make  war 
alike  by  petty  theft  upon  Malays  or  Siamese." 

G.  H.  WHITE. 
23  Weighton  Road,  Anerley. 

LEAP  YEAR  :  LADY'S  OFFER  OF  MAR- 
RIAGE (12  S.  iv.  245). — A  law  punishing  a 
man  who  refused  a  lady's  offer  of  marriage 
is  said  to  have  been  passed,  not  in  France, 
but  in  Scotland,  in  the  year  1288.  If  the 
man  refuse  the  lady,  he  shall  be  "  mulcted 
in  ye  sum  ane  pundis  or  less,  as  his  estait 
may  be,"  unless  he  can  prove  himself 
betrothed  already.  The  French  law  fol- 
lowed in  a  few  years  ;  and  it  is  said  that 
before  Columbus  sailed  in  1492  (first  voyage) 
the  "  law  "  was  extended  to  Florence  and 
Genoa.  There  seems  to  be  no  record  of 
any  fines  exacted  under  this  sentimental 
statute.  In  England  of  the  early  seven- 
teenth century  a  man  was  not  *  entitled  to 
"  benefit  of  clergy  "  if  he  disdained  such  an 
offer  ;  and  later  a  refusal  cost  the  happy 
man  a  silk  gown — a  legend  traced  to  St. 
Patrick. 

'  A  Valentine  to  her  that  excelleth  All,'  by 
"  daun  Johan  Lidegate,  ye  munke  of  Bury,' 
in  "  wyse  of  chesing  loues  at  Saint  Valen- 
tynes  day  "  (Early  Eng.  Text  Soc.,  Extra 
Series,  cvii.),  makes  choice  of  the  valentine 
a  serious  business  :  — 

Some  cheese  for  fayrnesse  and  for  hye  beaute, 
Some  for  estate,  and  some  eke  for  rychchesse, 
Some  for  fredame,  and  some  for  bountee, 
Some  for  theyre  poorte  and  theyr  gentylesse. 

The    poet    chose    Mary    (the    Virgin),    but 
added  a  more  worldly  (in  every  way)  and 

i  pointed  "  Lenvoye  "  to  "  sixst  Henry,  his 

!  moder  Kateryne." 


12  S.  V   JAN.,  1919.J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


25 


In  his   '  Kalendare  '   his   "  chesing  "   was 
yet  another  :  — 
Be  of  good  comfort  and  ioye  now,  herte  myne, 

Wei  mayst  thu  glade  and  verray  lusty  be, 
For  as  I  hope  truly,  Seynt  Valentyne 

Wil  schewe  us  loue,  and  daunsyng  be  with  me. 

O  virgyn  lulyan,  I  chese  now  the 
To  my  valentyne .... 

The  letters  v  and  g  were  often  inter- 
changeable ;  and  "  Valentine "  has  been 
identified  with  the  Norman  Fr.  galantin,  a 
philanderer.  GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

21  Parkfield  Road,  Liverpool. 

BOYS  BORN  IN  MAY  (12  S.  iv.  133,  172, 
257). — From  the  Life  of  Mang-Chang-kiun 
written  by  Sze-Ma  Tsien  (first  century  B.C.), 
as  well  as  Ying  Chau's  '  Fung-suh-tung,' 
torn.  ii.  (second  century  A.D.),  it  appears 
that  the  ancient  Chinese  believed  that  boys 
and  girls  born  on  the  fifth  of  the  fifth  moon 
respectively  would  hurt  their  fathers  and 
mothers  when  grown  up.  Sie  Chung-Chi 
in  his  '  Wu-tsah-tsu,'  written  c.  1610,  dis- 
proved this  popular  error  by  naming  alto- 
gether ten  distinguished  men  born  on  the 
fifth  of  the  fifth  moon,  and  showing  that  but 
two  of  them  proved  hurtful  to  their  fathers' 
reputation.  KUMAGUSU  MINAKATA. 

Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

WHITE  HORSE  OF  KENT  :  LANDSCAPE 
WHITE  HORSES  (12  S.  iv.  245,  312).— In 
'  The  Ancient  Kingdom  of  Kent,'  by  Mr. 
C.  J.  Redshaw,  which  appeared  in  The 
Invicta  Magazine  for  February,  1908,  occurs 
the  following  suggestion  concerning  the  origin 
of  the  Kentish  emblem,  which  may  be  worth 
considering  :  — 

"  The  second  century  B.C.  marks  an  epoch  in 
the  history  of  Kent,  because  then  a  gold  coin — the 
first  gold  coin  in  Britain — was  added  to  its 
currency,  and  it  was  impressed  with  the  stamp  of 
a  horse  rampant.  In  an  excellent  volume  entitled 
4  Gravesend  in  the  very  Time  of  Olde,'  Mr.  G.  M. 
Arnold,  D.L.,  J.P.,  F.S.A.,  thinks  it  was  struck  in 
imitation  of  '  the  stater  of  Philip,'  a  gold  coin  of 
Philip  II.  of  Macedon,  at  about  the  year  350  B.C., 
v/hereon  appeared  a  small  chariot  drawn  by  two 
horses  abreast,  a  large  quantity  of  which  he 
presumes  were  carried  away  by  Brennus,  when  he 
raided  Greece,  with  an  army  of  Gauls,  in  279  B.C., 
and  stiggests  that  it  thus  became  the  gold  currency 
of  Gaul,  whence,  in  the  ordinary  way  of  commerce, 
it  would  naturally  have  been  circulated  here .... 
Mr.  Arnold's  idea  that  the  Kent  coin  was  an 
imitation  of  the  '  stater  '  may  be  correct,  and  as 
the  training  of  horses  was  a  leading  occupation 
in  the  little  kingdom  at  that  period,  the  substituted 
design  is  easily  accounted  for.  That  being  so,  we 
must  not  overlook  the  important  fact  that  therein 
lies  the  origin  also  of  our  famous  county  emblem, 
which,  having  appeared  on  our  coinage  about  a 
couple  of  centuries  before  the  Christian  era,  is  the 
most  ancient  in  Britain." 


In  *  Coins  and  Medals,'  edited  by  Stanley 
Lane-Poole  (Elliot  Stock,  1885),  is  an 
illustration  (p.  101)  of  this  "  British  gold 
coin  "  ;  and  in  chap.  v.  of  this  volume  Mr. 
Chas.  F.  Keary  traces  the  introduction  of 
this  coinage  into  these  islands  from  Greece, 
through  Massalia  into  Gaul,  and  adds  that 
"  about  the  middle  of  the  second  century 
B.C.  the  southern  coast  of  Britain  adopted 
from  Gaul  the  same  habit." 

The  theory  of  the  origin  of  our  Kentish 
horse  advanced  in  the  above  extract  from 
Invicta  is  the  only  really  feasible  one  I  have 
ever  come  across.  Possibly,  in  subsequent 
numbers  of  this  magazine,  other  theories 
may  have  been  brought  forward  ;  but,  as  T 
have  seen  only  Nos.  1  and  2,  I  am  unable  to 
say.  Perhaps  some  Kentish  reader  can 
enlighten  me.  W.  SHARP. 

Wetheral,  Carlisle. 

HOTEL  BRISTOL  (12  S.  iv.  272,  310).— 
MR.  WAINE  WRIGHT'S  obliging  reply  appears 
to  be  a  satisfactory  solution  of  the  problem. 
It  may  be  worth  adding  that  since  the 
inquiry  was  made  I  have  received  a  copy  of 
an  interesting  book  upon  Calcutta,  ancient 
and  modern,  and  among  the  three  photo- 
graphs of  the  leading  hotels,  I  find  there  also 
an  Hotel  Bristol  ! 

J.   H.    RlVETT-CARNAC. 

"  MALBROOK  S'EN  VA-T-EN  GUERRE  "  (12  S. 
iv.  302). — The  version  of  '  Malbrook  '  in- 
quired for  by  J.  R.  H.  occurs  in  Harrison 
Ainsworth's  romance  '  The  Court  of  Queen 
Anne,'  published  in  Ainswortli's  Magazine 
some  time  in  the  forties  of  last  century.  If 
I  remember  right,  the  song  was  put  into  the 
mouth  of  an  ex-sergeant  of  Marlborough's 
army.  S.  PONDER. 

Torquay. 

V.  KNIGHTLEY  CHETWOOD  LAB  AT  :  ISMENIA 
(12  S.  iv.  188,  256). — Perhaps  the  name 
Ismenia  might  be  taken  from  a  French 
romance,  '  Arsaces  and  Ismenia,'  of  the 
middle  of  the  eighteenth  century. 

W.  B.  S. 

"HELL  FOR  LEATHER"  (12  S.  iv.  186).— 
In  or  about  1914  there  was  a  similar  inquiry 
in  the  correspondence  columns  of  The 
Spectator,  and  various  solutions  were  offered.. 
Eventually,  I  suggested  that  it  was  a 
corruption  of  the  German  phrase  Hulfe  fur 
Leder,  referring  to  the  run  of  a  hunted 
animal  seeking  "  safety  for  its  leather," 
or  hide  or  skin,  by  flight  at  top  speed.  No* 
one  beat  me  about  the  head  for  this,  and 
I  flattered  myself  that  the  explanation  was 
accepted. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.V.JAN.,  1919 


I  have  since  read  in  an  article  by  a  well- 
known  sporting  writer — I  think  it  was 
Gareth  in  The  Referee — that  it  had  been 
suggested  to  him  that  it  really  meant  "  all 
of  a  lather  "  ;  but  if  I  remember  right,  he 
Teoeived  the  suggestion  without  comment. 

CHARLES -BERE. 

Milverton,  Somerset. 

EPITAPH  TO  A  SLAVE  (12  S.  iv.  323).— 
Such  tombstone  memorials  to  slaves  are 
very  scarce,  and  until  reading  that  copied 
by  MR.  FAWCETT  I  knew  of  but  one  other, 
•to  which  my  attention  was  directed  about 
a  year  ago  by  my  friend  Mr.  H.  W.  Lewer, 
F.S.A.  It  is  in  Essex,  on  the  north  side 
of  the  churchyard  of  Little  Parndon,  and 
reads  as  follows  :  — 

Here  |  lieth  the  body  of  |  Hester  Woodley 
who  died  |  the  15th  of  May  1767  aged  62  |  this 
stone  was  Erected  by  |  John  Woodley  Esqr  of 
Cork  Sfc.  London  |  As  a  grateful  Remembrance 
of  her  |  Faithfully  discharged[ing]  her  Duty  I 
With  the  Utmost  Attention  and  Integrity  | 
in  the  service  of  his  late  Mother  |  Mrs.  Bridget 
Woodley  to  whom  she  |  belonged  during  her  life 
and  |  after  her  Death  to  her  Daughter  |  Mrs. 
Mary  Parsons  by  virtue  of  a  |  Reciprocal  Agree- 
ment made  between  |  the  said  Mrs.  Bridget 
Woodley  |  and  her  son  John  Woodley  |  whose 
Property  she  Would  otherwise  |  have  been  at  her 
Decease  ]  These  are  Facts. 

In  the  word  "  discharged  "  the  "  ed  "  has 
been  erased,  and  "  ing  "  inscribed  above. 

Mrs.  Bridget  Woodley  was  the  wife  of 
William x  Woodley  of  the  island  of  St. 
Ohristopher,  and  this  slave  was  probably 
therefore  from  the  West  Indies. 

STEPHEN  J.  BARNS. 

Fratinsr,  Woodside  Road, 
Woodford  Wells. 

Somewhat  similar  memoiials  occur  at 
Hillingdon,  co.  Middx.  (Toby  Pleasant, 
d.  1784)  ;  at  Hampton,  co.  Middx.  (Charles 
Pompey,  d.  1719)  ;  and  at  Great  Marlow, 
Busks  (Geo.  Alex.  Gratton,  "  the  Spotted 
Negro  Boy,"  d.  1813).  M.  . 

HERALDIC  :  CAPTOR  AND  KIS  CAPTIVES' 
ARMS  (12  S.  iv.  188,  251,  334).— An  instance 
is  given  in  Izacke's  *  Memorials  of  Exeter,' 
1677,  p.  72.  He  tells  us  that,  in  the  begin- 
ning of  King  Henry  V.'s  reign, 
"  a  Knight  named  Ar agonise  ["a  certain  knight- 
errand  of  Arragon,"  says  Prince  in  his  '  Worthies 
of  Devon  '],  who  in  divers  Countreys  for  his 
Honour  had  performed  many  noble  Atchieve- 
ments,  at  length  visited  England,  and  challenged 
many  persons  of  his  Rank  and  Quality,  to  make 
trial  of  his  skill  in  Arms,  which  Sir  Robert  Cary 
accepted,  between  whom  was  waged  a  cruel 
encounter,  and  a  long  and  doubtful  Combat  in 
Smith-field,  London ;  where  this  Mars  vanquished 
this  Aragonise,  for  which  he  was  by  the  King 


Knighted,  and  restored  to  part  of  his  Father's 
inheritance  ;  And  by  the  Law  of  'Heraldry,  who- 
soever fairly  in  the  Field  conquered  his  Adversary, 
may  justifie  the  wearing  and  bearing  of  his  Arms 
whom  he  overcame,  and  accordingly  he  takes 
on  him  the  Coat  Armory  of  the  said  Aragonise, 
being  Argent  on  a  bend  Sable,  three  Roses  of  the 
First,  and  ever  since  born  by  the  name  of  Cary, 
whose  ancient  Coat  of  Armory  I  find  to  be  Gules 
a  Cheuron  Argent  between  three  Sicans  proper,  one 
whereof  they  still  retain  in  their  Crest." 

Is  anything  known  of  this  "  Araeonise  "  ? 
R.  PEARSE  CHOPE. 

,LE  GATEAU:  CAMBRAI  (12  S.  iv.  269).— 
The  writer  of  the  Second  Diary  of  the 
English  College  at  Douai  under  the  year 
1577  records  :  — 

"  2°  Martii,  qui  idem  dies  fuit  sabbatum  4 
temporum  ineuntis  Quadragesimse,  Rmo  Camera- 
censi  generates  ordines  aptid  Castrum  Cameracesii 
celebrante,  ex  nostris  theol.  studiosis  viginti 
sacris  initiati  stint,  quorum  quatuor  ad  sub- 
diaconatum,  ad  diaconatum  quatuordecim,  etduo 
alii,  videlicet  D.  Cocksuset  D.  Stokes,  ad  ordinem 
presbyteratus  sunt  promoti." 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (12  S. 
iii.  510  ;  iv.  32,  62,  287).— 

1.  Quinque  sumus  fratres,  uno  de  stipifce  nati. 

The  fivefold  division  of  the  rose's  calyx  did  not 
escape  Sir  Thomas  Browne,  who  saw  quincunxes 
in  the  heaven  above  and  the  earth  below  :  "  But 
nothing  is  more  admired  then  the  five  Brethren 
of  the  Rose,  and  the  strange  dispose  re  of  the 
Appendices  or  Beards,  in  the  calicular  leaves 
thereof,"  &c.  ('  The  Garden  of  Cyrus,'  chap.  iii.). 

Wilkin  in  the  notes  to  his  edition  of  Browne's 
works  gives  the  following  "  rustic  rhyme  " — 
On  a  summer's  day,  in  sultry  weather, 
Five  brethren  were  born  together, 
Two  had  beards,  and  two  had  none, 
And  the  other  had  but  half  a  one. 

The  references  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  which  ST.  SWITHTN 
was  unable  to  furnish  may  be  found  in  the  late 
E.  H.  Marshall's  notes  to  ''The  Garden  of  Cyrus  ' 
in  the  '  Golden  Treasury  '  edition  :  6  S.  iii.  466  ; 
iv.  73.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

(12  S.  iv.  331.) 
The  good  we  wish  for  often  proves  our  bane. 

These  words  form  the  first  line  in  the  recitative 
preceding  the  bass  solo  {Manoah)  "  Thy  glorious 
deeds  inspir'd  my  tongue  "  in  the  libretto  of 
Handel's  oratorio  '  Samson.'  They  are  evidently 
based,  on  lines  352-3  of  Milton's  '  Samson 
Agonistes  '  : — 

(Manoah   log.). . .  .Nay,   what  thing   good, 
Pray'd  for,  but  often  proves  our  woe,  our  bane  ? 
There  is  a  similar  idea  in  lines  63-4  of  the  same 
poem  : — 

(Samson  loq.)  Suffices  that  to  me  strength  is 

my  bane, 
And  proves  the  source  of  all  my  miseries. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
[Ms.  JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT  thanked  for  reply.] 


12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Shakespeare's     Workmanship.     By     Sir     Arthur 
Quiller-Couch.     (Fisher  Unwin,  15s.  net.) 

SIR  ARTHUR  has  read  a  good  deal  of  Shake- 
spearian criticism,  but  he  is  no  slave  to  tradi- 
tional opinions.  He  will  give  generous  praise 
to  this  or  that  piece  of  interpretation,  and  will 
dismiss  another  with  a  shrug  of  the  shoulders; 
he  has  loved  Shakespeare  from  a  boy,  and  seen 
him  with  fresh  eyes,  and  now  with  deft  hands 
and  a  light  touch  he  tells  us  his  impressions. 
He  gives  new  meaning  to  this  or  that  line  which 
we  had  passed  unnoticed ;  he  points  out  the 
wonderful  quality  of  Shakespeare's  work,  while 
not  shrinking  from  condemning  it  as  slovenly 
in  this  or  that  detail ;  he  throws  in  personal 
recollections  and  jokes  to  beguile  our  ears,  and 
sends  us  away  exhilarated  and  charmed.  Every 
student  of  Shakespeare,  even  the  oldest,  will 
feel  he  has  gained  by  reading  this  book. 

It  is  not  that  it  is  in  any  way  epochmaking, 
nor  in  the  main  very  new — not  so  new,  certainly, 
as  Sir  Arthur  seems  to  think.  His  dislike  of 
commentators  and  academic  scholars  sometimes 
leads  to  outbursts  which  are  foolish  or  unfair. 
He  dismisses  Mr.  E.  K.  Chambers's  explanation 
of  the  term  "  interlude "  without  a  word  of 
refutation,  and  substitutes  another  for  which 
he  does  not  advance  a  particle  of  evidence — 
"  that  '  Interlude  '  meant,  or  came  to  mean,  a 

C'  j  of  a  sort  commonly  presented  indoors,  in 
queting  halls,  in  the  interval  between  theatri- 
cal seasons  ;  or,  in  other  words,  the  sort  of  play 
to  amuse  a  Christmas  or  Twelfth  Night  audience  " 
(p.  142).  He  is  ready  to  infer  the  conditions 
of  the  public  theatre  from  those  of  the  banquet- 
ing hall :  "  Upon  the  masques,  as  we  know,  very 
large  sums  of  money  were  spent ;  and  I  make  no 
doubt  that  before  the  close  of  Shakespeare's 
theatrical  career,  painted  scenes  and  tapestries 
were  the  fashion  "  (p.  22).  But  no  evidence  is 
adduced.  He  dismisses  without  examination 
the  reasons  that  have  been  alleged  for  con- 
sidering the  Hecate  scenes  in  '  Macbeth  '  un- 
Shakespearian.  All  we  have  is  :  "  It  docs  not 
appear  likely  to  me  that  a  whole  set  of  foolish 
men  (though  Middleton  in  itself  seems  a  well- 
enough-inyented  name)  were  kept  permanently 
employed  'to  come  in  and  write  something  when- 
ever Shakespeare  wanted  it  foolish  "  (p.  76). 
If  this  is  Sir  Arthur's  way  of  arguing  with  serious 
students,  our  sympathies  go  over  to  them  and 
leave  the  genial  dilettante.  There  are  times 
when  Sir  Arthur's  recollection  even  of  the  play 
he  is  treating  fails  him.  On  the  question  why 
Hamlet  himself  did  not  inherit  his  father's 
throne,  he  says  :  "  Shakespeare  overlooking  this 
trifle,  Hamlet  does  not  seem  to  mind  or  indeed, 
to  think  about  it  first  or  last  "  (p.  176).  But 
Hamlet  thinks  about  it  very  seriously  (V.  ii. 
64-8)  :— 
He  that  hath  kill'd  my  king,  and  stain'd  my 

mother, 
Popp'd  in  between  the  election  and  my  hopes. . . . 

is't  not  perfect  conscience 
To  quit  him  with  this  arm  ? 

Sir  Arthur  is  so  self-confident,  and  so  contemp- 
tuous of  the  unhappy  commentators  "  who  have 
never  created  a  play  or  a  novel  or  a  scene  or  a 


character  in  their  lives,"  that  it  is  necessary  to 
point  out  that  his  dicta  are  not  all  equally  sound. 
But  this  is  not  the  note  on  which  we  would 
close.  He  has  written  in  a  charming  and  illu- 
minating manner  on  many  of  the  plays — 'Mac- 
beth,' '  Midsummer  Night's  Dream,'  '  As  You 
Like  It.'  '  Cymbeline,'  and  '  The  Tempest ' 
par  excellence  ;  he  has  made  some  very  telling 
criticisms  of  '  The  Merchant  of  Venice '  and 
'  The  Winter's  Tale.'  He  expresses  the  feeling 
of  many  of  us  when  he  writes  :  "  The  dreariest 

Eassages  in  Shakespeare  are  those  in  which  his 
idies  and  courtiers  exchange  *  wit.'  "  He  has 
brought  common  sense  and  poetical  feeling  to 
bear  with  damaging  effect  on  a  dull  remark  of 
Sir  Sidney  Colvin's  (p.  261).  He  has  given  us  a 
book  full  of  a  light  and  happy  spirit,  common 
sense,  and  insight — now  turned  on  the  immediate 
subject,  now  on  something  a  little  extraneous, 
as  in  his  charming  account  of  his  canoe  voyage 
down  the  Avon  (pp.  121-3),  or  the  equally 
charming  passage  in  which  'he  speaks  of  the 
lifelong  devotion  inspired  in  so  many  by  the 
unfortunate  Elizabeth  of  Bohemia  (p.  *309). 
At  times  he  strikes  a  grave  note  well  worth 
listening  to  : — 

"  I  have  known  an  Archbishop  from  a  Uni- 
versity pulpit  excuse  a  war  with  a  weaker  nation 
not  because  our  cause  was  just  (which,  though 
quite  arguable,  he  made  no  attempt  to  argue), 
but  because  we  were  a  greater,  more  enlightened, 
more  progressive  race  than  they,  with  a  great 
literature,  too — for  in  his  fervour  the  preacher 
even  dragged  in  literature,  and  therefore  (argued 
he)  God,  who  encourages  and  presides  over  the 
evolution  of  mankind,  must  be  on  our  side." 

It  is  good  for  our  humility  to  be  reminded 
that  the  cant  which  makes  Kultur  an  excuse  for 
aggression  has  not  always  been  the  peculiar 
possession  of  one  nation. 

A  Bibliography  of  Works  by  Officers,  Non-Com- 
missioned Officers,  and  Men,  who  have  ever 
served  in  the  Royal,  Bengal,  Madras,  or  Bombay 
Artillery.  Compiled  and  verified  by  Lieut.- 
Col.  John  H.  Leslie,  B.A.  (retired  list),  and 
Lieut.-Col.  D.  Smith,  R.A.— Parts  VI.  and  VII. 
Gascoignc — Jacob.  (Sheffield,  Sir  W.  C.  Leng 
Co.,  2s.  each.) 

THE  first  part  of  this  elaborate  work  was  issued 
in  1909,  but  the  War  interrupted  its  progress. 
Nothing  daunted,  however,  the  compilers  have 
resumed  their  industrious  labours,  the  fruits  cf 
which  appear  in  the  two  parts  r-amed  above. 
The  toll  of  noble  lives  taken  by  the  War  is  illus- 
trated by  the  inclusion  of  Donald  Hankey,  the 
author  of  *  A  Student  in  Arms,'  who  was  killed 
in  action  on  Oct.  12,  1916.  The  majority  of  the 
entries  are  naturally  of  a  somewhat  technical 
character,  but  the  remainder  cover  an  extremely 
wide  range  of  subjects.  Thus  we  encounter 
Col.  H.  W.  L.  Hime's  discussions  on  the  Greek 
materials  of  Shelley's  '  Adonais  '  and  Lucian  the 
Syrian  satirist ;  Col.  E.  A.  P.  Hobday's  '  Blue- 
beard,' arranged  as  a  burlesque  opera  for  produc- 
tion at  Simla ;  and  F.  W.  Howe's  '  Classified 
Directory  to  the  Metropolitan  Charities,'  a  useful 
handbook  issued  annually  for  40  years  ;  while 
the  last  work  recorded  is  a  volume  on  Jeypore 
enamels. 

That  the  compilers  are  animated  by  the  true 
bibliographical  spirit  is  evident  from  the  fact  that 


28 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  JAN.,  1919. 


almost  all  the  titles  have  been  copied  from  the 
books  themselves  ;  and  we  hope  that,  as  the 
general  outlook  is  now  so  much  brighter,  Col. 
Leslie  and  his  colleague  may  have  the  satisfaction 
of  being  able  to  complete  their  labour  of  love. 


BOOKSELLERS'    CATALOGUES. 

MESSRS.  HIGHAM  &  SON'S  New  Year  Catalogue 
(No.  563)  contains  over  1,500  entries,  including 
sections  devoted  to  Archaeology  ;  Architecture  ; 
Art ;  Church  History,  Early  and  General ; 
Eastern  Travel,  Life,  and  Exploration  ;  English 
Local  History  ;  Liturgiology,  Roman  and  Angli- 
can ;  Occult  Sciences  ;  Pastoral  Theology ;  and 
Scotland,  with  six  pages  of  Addenda.  Hennessy's 
'  Novum  Repertorium  Ecclesiasticum  Parochiale 
Londinense,'  1898,  is  offered  for  17s.  Qd. 

MB.  JAMES  MILES  of  Leeds  opens  his  Christmas 
Catalogue  (No.  210)  with  two  collections  of 
etchings — 50  Invitation  Cards,  mounted  in  a 
quarto  volume,  morocco  extra  (18Z.  18s.),  and 
75  Etchings,  including  trial  and  unfinished  proofs, 
half  morocco  (121.  12s.).  He  has  also  a  fine  copy 
of  the  Breeches  Bible,  bound  by  Samuel  Mearnc 
in  dark-blue  morocco,  black-letter  (121.  12s.). 
'  Costumes  of  British  Ladies,'  from  William  the 
Conqueror  to  Queen  Victoria,  is  a  sumptuous 
folio  volume  in  crimson  morocco,  with  48  coloured 
plates,  SI.  15s.  Sections  are  devoted  to  York- 
shire and  to  Yorkshire  Topography.  The  former 
includes  a  complete  set  of  the  Yorkshire  Parish 
Register  Society,  57  vols.,  1899-1918,  111.  11s. 
Mr.  Miles  also  offers  parts  1-21  of  the  Bronte 
Society  publications,  1895-1911,  for  a  guinea. 
Two  useful  works  are  Sims's  '  Manual  for  the 
Genealogist,'  improved  ed.,  1888  (12s.  Qd.),  and 
Foster's  '  London  Marriage  Licences,  1521-1869,' 
1887  (15s.). 

MR.  JOHN  MORTON  of  Brighton  issues  with  his 
Catalogue  39,  '  Divers  Bookcs,  Rare,  Occult, 
Masonic,  and  Miscellaneous,'  a  humorous  apology 
for  being  obliged  to  charge  sixpence  for  the  list,' 
which  contains  850  entries.  A  question  was 
recently  asked  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  about  the  method  of 
embalming  mummies,  and  here  we  have  Petti- 
grew's  '  History  of  Egyptian  Mummies,'  1st  ed., 
with  plates  by  Cruikshank,  1834,  1Z.  15s.  The 
long  list  under  Freemasonry  includes  vols.  11-27 
of  the  Transactions  of  the  Ars  Quatuor  Corona- 
torum  Lodge  (12Z.  10s.)  and  vols.  9-16  (81.  10s.). 
Under  Genealogy  are  family  histories  and  reprints 
of  parish  registers  ;  under  Lancashire,  volumes  of 
folk-lore,  ballads,  and  legends  ;  and  under  London 
works  by  Hilton  Price  and  Mr.  P.  Norman, 
besides  a  set  of  10  vols.  of  Dr.  Sharpe's  '  Calendar 
of  Letter-Books,'  1899-1912  (31.  5s.).  The 
Addenda  include  a  large  number  of  steel  plates 
and  lithographic  views  of  places  in  America, 
mostly  at  Is.  Qd.  each. 

MR.  J.  A.  NEUHUYS  of  Willesden  Green  in  his 
Catalogue  13  makes  a  feature  of  books  in  French, 
his  list  beginning  with  Edmond  About,  and 
finishing  with  Zola.  The  early  entries  afford 
scope  for  curious  reflections.  Thus  we  have 
copies  of  the  '  Almanach  de  Gotha  '  ranging  from 
1823  to  1872,  and  in  price  from  8s.  Qd.  to  3s.  Qd., 
followed  immediately  by  various  issues  of  the 
'  Almanach  des  Gourmands  '  (6s.  each).  If  we 
wish  to  see  ourselves  as  others  see  us,  we  can 


turn  to  M.  Charles  Bemont's  masterly  study  of 
'  Simon  de  Montfort,  Comte  de  Leicester,'  1884 
(20s.),  or  Emile  Boutmy's  'Le  D6veloppement 
de  la  Constitution  et  de  la  Socie'te'  politique  en 
Angleteyre,'  1887  (10s.).  Cambrai  figures  in  the 
present  issue  of  '  N.  &Q.,'  and  Mr.  Neuhuys  offers 
'  Chants  et  Chansons  Populaires  du  Cambresis,' 
with  the  airs,  2  vols.,  1864-8,  for  10s.  Brunet 
and  Barbier's  '  Dictionnaire  des  Ouvrages  Ano- 
nymes,'  5  vols.,  is  21.  15s.  There  are  also  works 
on  tarot  and  playing  cards,  the  origin  of  the 
gipsies,  and  the  Elzeviers,  including  a  paper  on 
'  Elzevier  Bibliography '  by  our  old  contributor 
Chancellor  Christie  (2s.  Qd.). 

MESSRS.  SIMMONS  &  WATERS  of  Leamington 
Spa  begin  their  Catalogue  307  with  several  extra- 
illustrated  books,  including  Angelo's  '  Reminis- 
cences,' 177  additional  plates,  2  vols.,  three- 
quarter  morocco,  1904,  10Z.  10s.,  and  '  Angelo'ff 
Picnic,'  72  additional  portraits  and  views,  half 
crimson  morocco,  1904,  61.  6s.  ;  Rogers's  '  Table 
Talk,'  166  additional  portraits  and  views.  2  vols., 
three-quarter  morocco,  1856,  61.  5s.  ;  and 
Chambers's  '  Book  of  Days,'  110  portraits,  2  vols., 
half  calf,  1860,  51.  5s.  A  complete  set  of  the 
works  of  William  Hutton,  the  Birmingham 
antiquary,  with  his  Life  by  his  daughter,  11  vols., 
is  131.  13s.  Under  Coinage  are  W.  J.  Davis's 
1  Nineteenth-Century  Token  Coinage,'  14  plates 
besides  wood  engravings,  21.,  and  Pye's  '  Pro- 
vincial Copper  Tokens  and  Cards  of  Address,' 
3rd  ed.,  55  copperplates,  1916,  21.  10*. 


©MtrmriT. 

J.  8.  SHEDLOCK. 

ALL  readers  interested  in  the  history  of  music 
will  regret  to  hear  of  the  death  of* Mr.  John 
South  Shedlock,  who,  under  his  surname  or  his 
initials  J.  S.  S.,  was  always  ready  to  place  his 
stores  of  knowledge  at  the  service  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
He  was  for  a  time  the  musical  critic  of  The 
Academy,  and  filled  the  same  position  on  The 
Athcnceum  from  1901  to  1916.  A  genial,  kind- 
hearted  man,  he  was  a  recognized  authority  on 
Beethoven  and  the  eonata,  and  would  take  an 
infinite  amount  of  trouble  in  trying  to  settle  a 
difficult  point  for  a  friend.  He  was  bcrn  at 
Reading  on  Sept.  29,  1843,  and  died  in  hospital 
on  the  9th  inst.  from  the  result  of  an  accident. 


10 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answers 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  query; 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

G.  J.  (Cyprus)  and  G.  W.  H.— Forwarded. 

J.  WILLCOCK  ('  Magnet  Stories  '). — Anticipated 
at  12  S.  iv.  230. 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS,  Carnarvon  (Canon  David 
Lloyd,  author  of  '  State  Worthies  ').— The  '  Diet. 
Nat.  Biog.'  devotes  nearly  two  columns  to  him 
and  his  works. 


128.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


LONDON,  FEBRUARY,  1919. 


CONTENTS.  —  No.  89. 

NOTES  :  — '  Double  Falsehood ' :  Shakespeare,  Fletcher, 
and  Theobald,  30  —  The  'New  English  Dictionary': 
Changes  in  Accentuation.  32— Richard  Edwards's  Corre- 
spondence, 33  —  First  American  Soldiers  to  fall  in  the 
Great  War  — Tanks  in  the  Great  War  — Tennyson  and 
Opium,  36—'  Our  Mutual  Friend ' :  a  Topographical  Slip 
— Herrick's  Debt  to  Andrew  Willet— Sheridan  on  Puffs- 
George  Stepney  at  Vienna— Badulla,  Ceylon  :  Tombstone 
Inscription,  37. 

QUERIES  :— 'N.  &  Q.' :  its  Offspring  in  Other  Countries- 
Samuel  Johnson  and  Ben  Jonson— Matthew  Arnold  and 
"  Anglo-Saxon  contagion  "—Matthew  Arnold  :  Proving  a 
Negative— " Nunquam  minus  solus  quam  cum  solus"— 
Burial  at  Sea :  Four  Guns  fired  for  an  Officer,  38— Clay 
Balls  as  Christmas  Collecting  Boxes— Goldsworthy  as  a 
Place-Name—Borough  Courts  :  "  Jur  de  la  vile"— Vauve- 
nargues:  "La  clart^  «st  la  bonne  foi  de  philosophes "— 
S.  T.  Coleridge  on  Immortality  —  Scotch  University 
Graduates.  39— Back-Magazine  Dealers— lona :  its  Ety- 
mology—Foundling  Entries  in  Parish  Registers — Byronic 
Statue  in  Fleet  Street— Edward  Ingleby's  Descendants- 
Chapman  Family  of  Ormsley — Blades  Family  of  Covedale 
and  Wensleydale,  40— Rain  and  Mowing— Pewter  Paten 
— The  Ainslie  Bond — Sir  Sanders  Duncombe's  Powder — 
Newton— Robert  Blake,  1744— Parliamentary  Blue  Books, 
White  Papers,  Ac.,  41— Sir  John  Lombe— Pragell  Family 
—Spurs:  Feather-necks  and  Rough-necks  —  " Camou- 
flage "— Euler  on  the  End  of  the  World— Deacon  in  Love 
—Authors  of  Quotations  Wanted,  42. 

REPLIES  :  —  Col.  A.  R.  Macdonell's  Duel  with  Norman 
Macleod,  43  —  Hampshire  Church  Bells,  44  —  Christmas 
Verses  at  Sheffield,  46— Napoleon  and  Lord  John  Russell, 
47 — «« Sons  of  Ichwe  " — Devils  blowing  Horns.  48—'  Antho- 
logia  Grseca ' :  Epictetus— Wyborne  Family  of  Elmstone— 
"  John  Robertson,  "  Pseudonymous  Nineteenth-Century 
Poet,  49— Crest  on  Church  Plate— Paten  or  Salver?— 
Neate— St.  Henry  the  Englishman :  Bishop  Thomas  in 
Finland  —  "  Water-pipes,"  Psalm  xlii.  9,  Prayer  Book 
Version,  50— Dessin's  Hotel,  Calais— Sir  Walter  Raleigh, 
East  Londoner  —  Lakes  Pascholler  and  Calendari,  near 
Thusis— President  Wilson's  Ancestors— Forster  of  Han- 
slope,  51— Kent  Family  of  Winchester  and  Reading,  52— 
Mrs.  Legh  of  Lyme.  Cheshire— French  Revolution  :  "  Eat 
Cake"— St.  Trunnion:  his  Identity,  53 -Col.  Colquhoun 
Grant— Rutter  Family  Name— Joseph  Brown,  54. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— Fielding's  '  Tragedy  of  Tragedies.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  PAST  HALF-YEAR,  AND  THE 
FUTURE  OF  'N.  &  Q.' 

e  N.  &  Q.'  has  already  received  congratula- 
tions on  having  weathered  the  storm  :  we 
hope  such  congratulations  are  not  premature. 
Most  of  our  readers  will  feel  more  reassured 
when  we  are  able  to  resume  our  weekly 
issue.  A  semi-monthly  issue  might  perhaps 
be  a  step  in  that  direction.  At  present, 
however,  we  see  no  likelihood  of  even  the 
latter,  and  we  must  say  that  had  we  the 
money  to  enable  us  to  produce  this,  we 
should  need  convincing  that  labour,  paper, 
and  print  would  not  be  more  wisely  used  at 
the  present  time  in  striving  to  allay  the 
growing  unrest,  and  turning  the  attention  of 
all  to  the  need  of  plain  living  and  hard 
working.  Nevertheless  we  can  sympathize 


with  those  who  feel  that  '  N.  &  Q.'  is  still 
doing  good  work  in  enabling  people  to  turn 
aside  from  the  hurly-burly  for  a  few  hours 
and  find  rest  and  relief  in  the  perusal  of 
its  pages. 

There  is,  in  our  opinion,  another  matter 
which  at  least  equals  in  importance  the 
desirability  of  our  resuming  more  frequent 
publication — that  is,  the  issue  of  a  General 
Index  to  the  last  Series,  completed  iri 
December,  1915.  The  value  of  '  N.  &  Q..' 
to  searchers  after  knowledge  lies  largely  in 
accessibility  to  the  treasures  stored  in  its 
pages — an  accessibility  that  is  greatly 
lessened  by  the  absence  of  a  General  Index 
to  the  Eleventh  Series.  The  cost,  however, 
involved  in  preparing  and  printing  a  General 
Index  has  so  far  made  it  impossible  to  under- 
take this. 

We  are  glad  to  be  able  to  say  that  the 
result  of  the  last  half-year's  working  shows 
the  comparatively  small  loss  of  11.  Ss.  9c?., 
which  has  been  more  than  covered  by  the 
friends  who  undertook  to  pay,  if  necessary, 
sixpence  more  for  each  issue.  We  also  thank 
those  readers  who  have  already  sent  their 
subscriptions  without  formal  application 
from  the  office. 

The  storm  that  is  gathering  against  the 
unwarrantably  high  prices  of  certain  com- 
modities is  likely  soon  to  bring  about  a 
considerable  reduction  in  the  price  of  paper, 
though,  like  other  things  which  were  low  in 
price  partly  because  of  low  wages,  paper  is 
likely  to  command  a  healthier  price  than 
the  present  generation  was  accustomed  to 
pay  before  the  War. 

The  unexpected  diminution  of  loss  on  the 
last  half-year  is  again  mostly  due  to  the 
helpfulness  of  friends  who  have  purchased 
back  numbers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  It  is,  however, 
increasingly  difficult  for  the  proprietor  to 
give  the  time  required  for  editorial  and 
managerial  purposes  ;  yet  the  appreciation 
of  his  efforts  continually  shown  makes  it 
difficult  for  him  to  relinquish  the  work  until 
it  can  be  placed  in  other  hands  with  the 
confidence  that  the  traditions  of  the  paper 
will  be  preserved. 

It  is  hoped  to  publish  the  Index  for 
1918  (price  Is.  Id.  post  free)  with  the  March 
issue. 

The  Balance-Sheet  for  the  last  six  months 
will  be  forwarded  to  all  who  have  contributed 
to  the  Continuation  Fund  during  that 
period,  or  to  any  one  who  sends  a  P.O.  for 
2.9.  Qd. 

Promises  of  help  towards  our  Central 
Index  and  more  frequent  publication  will 
be  welcomed. 


30 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  FEB.,  1919. 


*  DOUBLE  FALSEHOOD  '  : 

SHAKESPEARE,   FLETCHER,  AND 
THEOBALD. 

THOSE  most  competent  to  settle  the  Shake- 
spearian canon  accord  it  a  minimum  of 
36  plays  and  a  maximum  of  39,  the  ones 
sometimes  included  and  sometimes  excluded 
being  *  Titus  Andronicus,'  '  Edward  III.,' 
and  '  The  Two  Noble  Kinsmen.'  Can  it  be 
that  those  less  conservative  critics  who 
have  adopted  the  higher  number  should  add 
yet  another  play  to  their  list  ? 

That  was  the  interesting  question  which 
met  me  when  an  American  scholar,  Mr. 
Gamaliel  Bradford,  jun.,  sent  me  some  two 
or  three  yea,rs  ago  a  copy  of  an  article  he 
had  written  for  an  American  literary 
magazine  (Modern  Language  Notes)  on  the 
authorship  of  '  Double  Falsehood,'  in  which 
he  sought  to  prove  the  participation  of 
Fletcher,  and  hinted  at  that  of  Shakespeare. 
He  asked  me,  as  one  who  had  ventured 
into  print  more  than  once  in  endeavours  to 
settle  vexed  questions  regarding  the  author- 
ship both  of  plays  attributed  to  Fletcher 
and  of  plays  ascribed  to  Shakespeare,  to 
give  him  my  opinion  upon  the  play  he  had 
been  studying.  This,  unfortunately,  I  was 
unable  to  do,  because  in  the  whole  of 
Australia  there  was  not,  so  far  as  I  could 
ascertain,  a  copy  of  '  Double  Falsehood.' 
This  lack  has  now  been  remedied,  a  copy 
of  the  play  having  been  obtained  by  the 
Melbourne  Public  Library,  and  this  I  have 
lost  no  time  in  subjecting  to  an  examination, 
the  result  of  which  I  give  here. 

First,  however,  let  us  consider  whether 
there  is  any  reason  whatever  to  connect 
the  play  with  Shakespeare.  Elizabethans 
may  be  interested  in  the  proving  or  dis- 
proving of  the  presence  of  Fletcher  ;  but  the 
general  reader  will  wish  to  know  the  value 
of  the  external  evidence  that  connects  the 
name  of  Shakespeare  with  this  play,  which 
has  been  so  generally  assumed  to  be  the 
work  of  the  eighteenth-century  Theobald. 

It  was,  indeed,  between  111  and  112  years 
after  Shakespeare's  death  when  'Double 
Falshood ;  or,  The  Distrest  Lovers,'  was 
given  to  the  stage  and  to  the  press,  with  an 
attribution  to  Shakespeare  as  the  original 
author,  and  an  assertion  that  it  had  been 


"  now  revised  and  adapted  to  the  stage  by 
Mr.    Theobald."     As    was    natural    in    the 
circumstances,    the   play   was   roundly   de- 
nounced as   a  forgery  ;   and  Theobald  did 
not  lessen  the  doubt  expressed  regarding  it 
when,  on  certain  lines  being  picked  out  for 
praise,  he  claimed  tho?e  lines  as  his  own. 
It  has  also  to  be  remarked  that  Theobald's 
action  in  regard  to  another  play  was  such 
as  to  warrant  one  in  questioning  his  scrupu- 
lousness.    In    1716  had  been  produced  as 
his  a  play,  '  The  Perfidious  Brother,'  which 
he  was  accused  of  having  stolen  from  a  man 
named  Mestayer.     According  to  Theobald, 
Mestayer    had    given    him    the    plot    and 
something  designed  to  be  a  play,  and  he 
had  so  entirely  recast  it  in  fitting  it  for  the 
stage  that  he  had  felt  justified  in  regarding 
it    as    his    own.     Mestayer,    however,    sub- 
sequently   published    the    play    in    (so    he 
asserted)   the   form   in  which   it   had   been 
originally    written.        According     to    Prof. 
|  Lounsbury,   it  was  unactable  as  it  stood, 
:  but     was     certainly     the     groundwork     of 
I  Theobald's  play,  which  ought  to  have  been 
;  announced  as  based  upon  it.     It  is,  how- 
ever,  in  Theobald's  favour  that  even  his 
enemies    (and    he    had    many)    seemed    to 
think    there    was    nothing    in    the    charge 
brought   against   him   in   this   matter.     In 
any    case,    there    is    a    difference    between 
claiming  for  oneself  what  is  in  its  essence 
the  work   of  another  man   and  giving   to 
another  credit  for  work  that  is  one's  own. 
The  theory  that  Theobald  forged  'Double 
Falsehood  '  is  not  to   be    accepted  without 
very     good     reason.     There     is,     however, 
another  possibility  that  must  be  taken  into 
account — the    possibility    that,    finding    an 
old  Elizabethan  play,  he  may  have  com- 
mitted a  double  falsehood  of  his  own  by 
pretending    that    one    of    the    manuscripts 
bore    the    name    of    Shakespeare,    and    by 
asserting  that  the  play  in  its  original  form 
had  never  found  its  way  to  the  stage. 

Theobald  met  the  doubts  raised  as  to  a 
play  by  Shakespeare  "  being  stifled  and 
lost  to  the  world  for  above  a  century  "  thus  : 
He  possessed,  he  said,  three  copies  :  one  ob- 
tained from  a  "  noble  person "  (who  had 
acquainted  Theobald  with  "  a  tradition " 
that  it  had  been  written  in  the  time  of 
Shakespeare's  retirement  from  the  stage 
and  given  by  him  to  a  natural  daughter),  one 
purchased  "  at*  a  good  rate,"  and  one  '*  in 
the  handwriting  of  Mr.  Downes,  the  famous 
old  prompter."  He  had  been  "credibly 


12  S.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


31 


informed  "  that  this  last  manuscript  "  was 
early  in  the  possession  of  the  celebrated 
Mr.  Betterton,  and  by  him  designed  to  have 
been  usher' d  into  the  world  "  ;  but  he  did 
not  know  what  accident  had  prevented  the 
fulfilment  of  this  purpose.  This  cannot 
be  said  to  be  a  very  sufficient  statement ; 
but  it  is  quite  understandable  that,  if  there 
were  such  manuscripts  in  Theobald's  pos- 
session, he  could  give  no  reasonable  account 
of  their  previous  history :  they  were  not 
likely  to  be  stamped  with  a  record  of  their 
experiences.  I  am  not  aware  that  any 
one  of  his  critics  was  refuted  by  a  sight  of 
these  manuscripts  ;  but  neither  can  it  be 
said  that  any  of  them  demanded  an  in- 
spection. 

There  have  been  adduced  three  reasons 
to  make  one  doubt  Theobald's  good  faith  : 
the  first  is,  the  unlikelihood  of  his  having 
three  manuscripts  of  the  play  ;  the  second 
is,  the  disappearance  of  those  manuscripts  ; 
the  third  is,  the  omission  of  the  play  from 
his  edition  of  Shakespeare's  works  sub- 
sequently issued. 

The  first  of  these  does  not  strike  me  as 
of  much  weight.  Theobald,  if  meditating 
a  revising  of  the  play  to  fit  it  for  the  stage 
(for  it  seems  to  have  been  a  genuine  belief 
of  Theobald's  that  it  had  never  been  acted, 
the  memory  of  its  having  been  produced 
having  probably  died  out  long  before  the 
time  of  Mr.  Dowries),  would  probably  seek 
to  get  all  the  copies  he  could,  especially  as 
the  value  of  his  copyright  would  be  seriously 
impaired  if  some  one  else  published  the 
play  as  it  had  stood  in  the  original. 

The  second  argument  is  more  cogent. 
Theobald's  library,  containing  a  number  of 
old  plays,  was  sold  in  1744  after  his  death, 
and  it  has  been  suggested  that  the  Shake- 
speare play  in  manuscript  subsequently 
destroyed  by  Warburton's  notorious  cook 
was  one  of  the  copies  of  the  original  version 
of  '  Double  Falsehood.'  If  we  could  say 
definitely  that  when  Theobald's  effects  were 
sold  there  was  among  them  no  manuscript 
of  a  play  purporting  to  be  by  Shakespeare, 
the  opponents  of  Theobald  would  have  a 
good  case  ;  as  it  is,  all  that  is  to  be  said  is 
that  the  matter  is  left  indefinite  :  we  have 
had  other  cases  of  manuscripts  of  old  plays 
disappearing ;  and,  moreover,  the  early 
part  of  the  eighteenth  century  did  not 
attach  the  importance  to  Shakespeare's 
that  we  do. 


The  third  point  to  which  I  have  referred 
has  not  much  in  it :  to  have  included 
'  Double  Falsehood '  in  his  edition  of 
Shakespeare  would  presumably  have  inter- 
fered with  Theobald's  copyright  of  the  play, 
or  at  any  rate  with  his  profits.  This  copy- 
right had  been  granted  to  him  for  fourteen 
years,  and  he  naturally  would  not  wish  it 
disturbed,  as  it  still  had  some  eight  years 
to  run  when  his  edition  of  Shakespeare  was 
produced.  There  is,  then,  no  really  sound 
reason  for  doubting  Theobald's  honesty  in 
the  matter. 

The  source  of  the  play  is  to  be  found  in 
the  story  of  Cardenio  in  '  Don  Quixote,' 
which  was  first  published  in  the  original 
Spanish  in  1605,  and  in  its  English  trans- 
lation by  Shelton  in  1612.  It  is  note- 
worthy that  the  publication  of  this  English 
translation  was  quickly  followed  by  the 
appearance  of  a  play  on  the  subject  of 
Cardenio.  On  May  20,  1613,  John  Hemings 
was  paid  on  behalf  of  the  King's  players 
for  presenting  at  Court  half-a-dozen  plays, 
among  which  was  one  called  c  Cardano  '  or 
*  Cardenno '  ;  and  on  June  8  he  again 
presented  this  play,  which  a  later  entry 
described  as  '  Cardema  '  and  '  Cardenna.' 
There  need  be  no  question  that  this  was  a 

Elay  on  the  subject  of  the  Cardenio  story, 
ike  so  many  other  plays,  it  drops  out  of 
notice  after  these  early  productions,  and 
the  next  we  hear  of  it  is  the  entry  of  a 
drama  described  as  *'The  History  of  Car- 
denio by  Mr.  Fletcher  and  Shakespeare " 
in  the  Stationers'  Register  in  1653  for 
publication  by  Humphrey  Moseley. 

It  will  be  said  that  an  attribution  after  a 
lapse  of  forty  years  is  not  of  much  value, 
especially  when  made  by  a  publisher  who 
was  in  the  habit  of  fraudulently  securing 
the  registration  of  two  separate  plays  as 
one  by  the  simple  device  of  entering  the 
one  not  only  under  its  own  title,  but  under 
that  of  another  play  as  well,  the  two  titles 
being  given  as  alternatives  ;  but  there  are 
some  very  strong  reasons  nevertheless  for 
thinking  Moseley 's  entry  genuine.  In  the 
first  place,  he  did  not,  so  far  as  is  known, 
ever  deliberately  ascribe  a  play  to  some  one 
who  had  had  nothing  to  do  with  its  author- 
ship. Presumably,  therefore,  the  names 
of  Shakespeare  and  Fletcher  were  on  the 
manuscript  he  possessed.  Secondly,  we  now 
know  that  a  play  on  this  very  subject  was 
presented  by  the  company  with  which 
Shakespeare  and  Fletcher  were  most  pro- 
minently connected — the  only  company, 
indeed,  with  which,  so  far  as  is  known, 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  FEB.,  1919. 


Shakespeare  was  ever  connected.  Thirdly, 
its  production  synchronizes  with  the  sup- 
posed collaboration  of  these  two  authors 
in  '  The  Two  Noble  Kinsmen '  (probably 
1613)  and  'Henry  VIII.'  (1613).  Fourthly, 
all  these  facts  fit  in  with  the  statement  by 
Theobald  that  for  the  play  he  published  on 
this  very  subject  Shakespeare  was  to  some 
extent  responsible. 

Against  the^e  arguments  for  the  sound- 
ness of  Moseley's  attribution  are  to  be  set 
two — the  play  was  not  included  in  any 
edition  of  the  works  of  Shakespeare,  and 
it  was  not  included  in  either  of  the  collec- 
tions of  plays  published  under  the  joint 
names  of  Beaumont  and  Fletcher.  Moseley 
was  the  publisher  of  the  Beaumont  and 
Fletcher  folio  of  1647,  but  presumably  he 
did  not  obtain  possession  of  this  play  till 
later,  since  he  did  not  present  it  for  regis- 
tration till  some  six  years  afterwards ; 
and  the  folio  of  1679,  though  it  contains 
an  additional  18  plays,  including  one  for 
which  neither  author  was  in  any  way 
responsible,  does  not  contain  one  which 
had  not  already  appeared  in  print.  Simi- 
larly, too  late  for  inclusion  in  the  first  two 
folios  of  Shakespeare,  the  play's  exclusion 
from  the  folio  of  1664  is  of  no  significance 
when  we  consider  that  the  7  additional 
plays  included  therein  (all  of  which,  with  one 
exception,  the  critics  are  practically  unani- 
mous in  rejecting)  had  all  of  them  been 
published  earlier  in  quarto.  The  publishers 
may  not  have  been  able  to  obtain  possession 
of  Moseley 's  manuscript,  and  may  even 
have  been  ignorant  of  its  existence. 

But,  while  I  have  exhausted  the  argu- 
ments, other  than  aesthetic,  against  the 
identification  of  Theobald's  play  with  the 
work  of  Shakespeare  and  Fletcher,  I  have 
by  no  means  exhausted  the  arguments  in 
favour  of  such  identification.  It  is  to  be 
understood  that  Theobald  had  no  knowledge 
that  '  Cardenio '  had  ever  been  produced 
(his  sincerity  on  that  score  is  scarcely  to  be 
questioned),  and  that  he  was  ignorant  that 
the  names  of  Shakespeare  and  Fletcher  had 
ever  been  connected  in  regard  to  a  play  on  the 
subject.  Had  it  been  otherwise,  can  we 
suppose  that  he  would  have  failed  to  make 
much  of  the  fact  ?  Again,  we  have  the 
interesting  circumstance  that  Theobald's 
enemies  and  critics — ignorant,  be  it  remem- 
bered, of  any  reason  to  suppose  that  Fletcher 
had  any  connexion  with  the  play — pointed 
out  that  "  the  colouring,  diction,  and  char- 
acters "  were  "  nearer  to  the  style  and 
manner  of  Fletcher "  than  to  those  of 
Shakespeare,  and  the  further  circumstance 


that  Theobald  (who,  had  he  been  aware  that 
Fletcher  and  Shakespeare  were  supposed  to 
have  collaborated  in  a  play  on  this  subject, 
would  have  eagerly  welcomed  the  suggestion) 
indignantly  denied  the  correctness  of  their 
view.  The  knowledge  we  now  possess  as 
to  the  production  of  *  Cardenio  '  and  as  to 
its  entry  for  publication  shows  us  that  those 
who  disbelieved  in  the  Shakespearian  author- 
ship of  the  play  put  forward  an  argument 
that  really  tends  with  us  towards  the 
acceptance  of  the  idea  of  Shakespeare's 
participation  (for,  if  Fletcher  be  admitted 
to  be  present  in  *  Double  Falsehood,'  we 
have  made  a  long  step  towards  the  identi- 
fication of  the  play  with  '  Cardenio,'  and 
consequently  towards  the  connexion  of 
Shakespeare  with  it) ;  and  it  further  shows 
us  that  Theobald  vigorously  repulsed  an 
argument  that  we  cannot  now  but  regard 
as  favourable  to  his  cause. 


Melbourne. 


E.  H.  C.  OLIPHANT. 


(To  be  continued.) 

THE   '  NEW  ENGLISH  DICTIONARY  '  : 
CHANGES  IN  ACCENTUATION,  &c. 

IN  the  following  notes  on  the  '  N.E.D.'  the 
words  are  cited  as  accented  in  the  Dic- 
tionary. 

A'ccess.  — A'ccess  the  word  "early"  be- 
came, says  the  Dictionary.  Yes  ;  in  Milton, 
in  Dryden.  But  Shelley  still  has  acce'ss — of 
course,  Shakespeare  had,  always  —  once 
a'ccess.  Wordsworth  also  once. 

Alli'es. — There  is  difference,  not  only  in. 
conversational  use,  but  in  poetry.  Shelley 
already  had 

Have  been  abandoned  by  their  faithless  a'lliea,. 
The  Arnaut,  Servian,  and  Albanian  a'lliea. 
Now,  Gerald  Gould's  '  Monogamy,'  1918, 

Taking  for  a'llies  music  and  good  wine. 

Lady  Sarah  Lennox,  1760,  noted  that 
her  king  "laid  the  accents  on  the  first 
syllable  of  Allys  and  Revenues,  which  is  after 
the  Scottish  pronunciation."  (Generally,  of 
course,  Scottish  and  Irish  accenting,  if 
differing  from  English,  is  older,  and  later 
on  in  the  word.) 

The  Dictionary  frequently  cites — as 
former  dictionaries  cited — poets,  against  the 
only  accenting  it  allows.  And  poets  of 
to-day. 


12  S.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


33 


Co'nsummate  (vb.). — Accented  consu'mmate 
4i  until  within  the  last  few  years."  True, 
generally.  But  Wordsworth  (d.  1850)  has 
only  co  'nsummate.  And  though  P ope  ( d .  1 7 44 ) 
or  a  co-worker  has  consu'mmate  (*  Odyssey,' 
xx.),  Shakespeare  (d.  1616)  has 
'To  co'nsummate  this  business  happily 

('  K.  John,'  V.  vii.  96). 
There  shall  we  co'nsummate  our  spousal  rites 

('  Titus  Andronicus  '). 

In     fact,     Dr.     Johnson's     1755     note     is, 
<{  anciently  accented  on  the  first  syllable." 

Co'ntrary. — The  Poet  Laureate  of  this 
.hour : — 

Now  fate  that  look'd  contra'ry  hath  fulfill'd 

('  Demeter,'  1.  899). 
By  faint  contra'ry  wind  stay'd  in  her  cruise. 

('  Elegy  '  in  1890). 

Spenser  (d.  1599),  as  one  might  expect  at  his 
date,  has 

Forcibly  driven  with  contra'ry  tides. 
Yet  Shakespeare  indeed  has  nearly  always 
co'ntrary. 

E'xculpate. — Robert  Bridges  in  1890 
('  Affliction  of  Poland  ')  had  not  shifted  the 
accent  to  the  first  syllable  : — 

What  marvel  in  me  wrought 

Shall  quite  excu'lpate  thee  ? 

Expre'ss  (adj.). — Shakespeare  has,  once, 
Express  : — 

As  bid  me  tell  my  tale  in  e'xpress  words 

('  K.  John,'  IV.  ii.  234). 

But,  e.g.,  Sir  H.  Taylor  in  modern  days  : — 

Save  at  the  e'xpress  instance  of  the  Earl 

('  Philip  van  Artevelde,'  ii.  6). 

Extre'me  (adj.). — No  note  is  taken  of  a 
poetic  tradition  e'xtreme — from  Shakespeare's 
plays  to  Swinburne  : — 
Or  snows  on  the  e'xtreme  hills,  or  iron  land 
Where  no  spring  is  ('  Atalanta'). 

And  breathless  gates  and  e'xtreme  hilla  of  heaven 

(id.). 

For  e'xtreme  loathing  and  supreme  desire     (ib.). 

In  the  e'xtreme  range  and  race  of  life 

('Bothwell,'  I.  L). 

Sir  H.   Taylor,   in   1834,  had  quoted  con 
temporary  verse  : — 

And  heartless  weariness  of  e'xtreme  age. 

Quintessence .  —  Quintessence  in     Shake 
speare,  Ben  Jonson,  Ford,  Milton,  Davies, 
Donne  — down  to  Archbishop  Alexander: — 

An  Oxford  of  a  more  majestic  growth, 

A  Rome  that  sheds  no  blood,  and  makes  no 

slave  ; 
The  perfect  flower  and  quintessence  of  both. 

Dr.  Johnson  in  1755  had  given  quintessence, 
but  had  cited  poets  against  himself. 


Two  notes  on  other  subjects  may  be 
added : — 

Management  (Fr.  management}. — In  this 
sense  obsolete,  says  the  'N.E.D.,'  quoting 
Burke's  *  Letter,'  1790  :  "  You  certainly  do 
not  always  convey  to  me  your  opinions 
with  the  greatest  tenderness  and  manage- 
ment "  /  and  giving  as  the  last  example  of 
the  word  Mill's  'British  India,'  1818. 
Cardinal  Newman  writes,  1864  :  — 

"  The  truest  expedience  is  to  answer  right  out 
when  you  are  asked  :  the  wisest  economy  is  to 
have  no  management :  the  best  prudence  is  not 
to  be  a  coward  "  (end  of  Note  F  to  *  Apologia  '). 

One-sided. — The  earliest  reference  given 
is  1833.  None  is  given  for  one-sidedness. 
Mill,  concerning  Wordsworth,  writes  to 
Sterling,  October,  1831  :— 

"  The  next  thing  that  struck  me  was  the  extreme 
comprehensiveness  and  philosophic  spirit  which 
is  in  him.  By  these  expressions  I  mean  the  direct 
antithesis  of  what  the  Germans  most  expressively 
call  one-sidedness  " — Einaeitigkeit. 

W.  F.  P.  STOCKLEY. 
Woodside,  Tivoli,  Cork. 


THE  CORRESPONDENCE  OF  RICHARD 
EDWARDS,  1669-79. 

(See  12  S.  iii.  1,  44,  81,  122,  161,  205,  244 
262,  293,  323,  349,  3"/7,  409,  439,  470,  498; 
iv.  39,  96,  151,  209,  267,  321.) 

LETTER  XCIV. 

Samuel  BulUvant  to  Richard  Edwards. 
(O.C.  3759.) 

Singee  March  12th  1672/3 
Mr  Richard  Edwards 
and  Respected  Freind 

I  have  not  of  late  heard  fr[om  you] 
and  (if  I  bee  not  mistaken)  you  are  my 
D[ebtor  for]  a  Letter  or  2,  but  my  business 
being  of  no  grea[t  con]sequence,  suppose 
your  more  solid  affaires  [ma]y  occation  your 
silence.  I  understand  your  health  by  Mr 
Elwes  (which  am  glad  to  heare).  The  peon 
that  came  up  with  the  rarities  returning,  I 
would  [not]  omitt  this  oportunity  of 
sending  to  you.  In  my  last  to  you  I  desired 
you  to  send  mee  word  whether  [you] 
received  a  silver  coja*  directed  to  you  to 
send  fo[rward  to]  Mr  Clavell.  Tis  now 
3  months  since  I  sent  itf  [?]  I  have  no  newes 


*  See  Letter  V. 

t  See  Letter  LXIII. 


34 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  FEB.,  1919. 


of  its  arrivall ;  it  went  with  the  Factory 
bookes.  Pray  in  your  next  let  mee  know  if 
it  came  to  your  hand.  I  had  [illegible] 
Chest  [sen]t  mee  from  my  Brother  in 
England,  which  has  laine  [at]  Hugly  this 
5  months.  Twas  sent  to  Mr  Bagnold  to 
[send]  forward  (who  dying)  suppose  tis 
forgotten  [and]  they  know  not  whose  tis. 
If  it  bee  not  already  sent,  if  it  shall  come  to 
your  Factory,  please  dispeed  it  to  mee  by 
the  primo  boates.  Tis  a  sad  thing  to  live 
thus  out  of  the  world  as  wee  doe  here  that 
in  10  Months  time  wee  cannot  receive  any 
thing  sent  us  from  our  Freinds.  I  am 
afraid  the  Contents  of  it  (which  I  yet  know 
not)  are  spoiled  with  so  long  lying  in  the 
Godownes.* 

I  would  desire  you  to  send  mee  a  good 
strong  silke  bridle,  such  a  one  as  Mr  Read 
had  once  from  your  Factory,  also  2  set  of 
strings  for  horse  maine[s],  handsome  colours 
(of  about  2  rups.  ps.  each).  I  have  seen  them 
in  Ballasore  good  ones  of  the  [?  finer  sort]. 
Pray  send  them  by  the  Primo  Cossid  that 
[illegible]  they  are  ready,  they  being  for  a 
Freind  that  [?  sent  a]  peon  for  them  and 
place  their  costs  to  my  account.  I  have 
great  need  of  a  ps.  Mulmull'f  and  Cossaes 
which  formerly  wrote  to  you  for.  I  hope 
you  remember  to  purchase  them  for  mee. 

Pray  present  my  humble  service  to  Mr 
Vincent  and  desire  him  to  send  mee  6  or 
8  seer  of  shott  of  2  or  3  sorts  (if  hee  has  not 
disposed  of  that  hee  had  when  I  was  there), 
and  what  hee  shall  demand  for  it  please  to 
satisfie  him.  Also  if  you  have  any  store  of 
English  powder  by  you,  please  to  send  mee 
4  or  6  Ounces,  it  being  for  priming,  and  you 
will  much  oblige  mee.  If  the  money  you 
have  of  mine  in  your  hand  bee  not  sufficient 
to  pay  for  all  these  things  I  write  for,  let 
mee  know  and  I  shall  order  you  the  Overplus, 
or  if  you  shall  have  occation  for  any  thing 
here,  shall  send  it  you. 

Excuse  my  being  so  toedious,  it  being 
seldome  I  have  opportunity  of  sending  to 
you,  unless  will  send  a  [cossid]  on  purpose, 
which  you  know  would  cause  Crutch.  J 
Have  not  more  at  present  save  presentation 
of  my  kind  respects  to  your  selfe,  Mr 
Marshal,  etca.  freinds  with  you,  and  subscribe 
Your  reall  freind  and  servant 

SAML:  BULLYVASTT 


*  Godown,  a  warehouse,  probably  derived 
from  Malay  gadong,  a  storeroom,  through  Tel. 
gidangi,  Tarn,  kidangu,  a  place  where  goods  lie. 

t  Malmal,  muslin. 

{  A  dilemma.  The  more  usual  spelling  of  this 
obsolete  expression  is  "  crotch." 


My  service  to  Mr  Naylor  and  Wife,*  who 
I  heare  of  have  a  boy.  Tell  them  I  wish 
them  much  joy  of  it. 

Pray  send  mee  what  newes  currantt  from 
Ballasore  or  Hugly  and  let  mee  know  where 
Mr  Smith  is  to  reside.  I  heare  hee  is"  for 
this  place  desigened.f  If  so,  pray  lett  mee 
know  in  your  next.  You  may  inquire  it  as 
from  your  selfe  nott  mentioning  my  name. 

Mr  Carpenter  not  yet  arrived.     Idem 

S.  B. 

[Endorsed]  For  Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Merchant  In  Cassimbuzar 

[Beneath  this  is  written]  Sir,  pray  send  a 
silke  reine,  or  2  extraordnary  if  one  should! 
breake.  S.  B. 


LETTER  XCV. 

John  Billingsley  to  Richard  Edwards. 
(O.C.  3771.) 

[John  Billingsley,  son  of  John  Billingsley,  "  citizen 
and  goldsmith,  London,"  was  elected  writer 
on  Nov.  13,  1667,  and  was  thus  a  contemporary 
of  Edwards  in  the  Company's  service.  He 
sailed  in  the  Unicorn,  and  arrived  in  India 
on  Sept.  10,  1668.  From  "the  Coast"  he 
proceeded  to  Bengal,  and  was  employed  at  the 
factories  of  Hugll  and  Balasor.  On  Feb.  9, 
1671,  he  was  married  at  Hugll,  but  the  name 
of  the  bride  is  not  given.  In  their  General 
Letter  of  Dec.  31,  1672,  the  Bengal  Council: 
recommended  Billingsley  for  "  encourage- 
ment "  and  advancement,  he  "  having  now 
served  your  Worships  five  years  in  one  station 
and  in  this  time  having  taken  much  paines 
in  keeping  your  Registers  and  other  bookes  of 
accounts."  In  December,  1676,  Billingsley,. 
having  attained  to  the  rank  of  "  merchant  'r 
by  nine  years'  service,  signed  a  bond  for  2,0007., 
giving  as  one  security  his  father  John  Billingsley 
of  "  Whitechappell."  He  was  now  Second  at 
Balasor,  where  he  had  built  a  house,  and  no 
longer  "  keept  under  every  favoured  of  the 
great  ones,"  as  he  complained  to  Edwards  in 
1674.  But  further  promotion  was  denied  him,, 
for  he  was  one  of  the  earliest  victims  of  the 
epidemic  of  1677.  Administration  of  his  goods 
was  granted  to  his  father  on  Sept.  3,  1678. 
See  '  Court  Minutes,'  vol.  xxva,  p.  45,  vol.  xxvi- 
pp.  62,  67,  87,  vol.  xxxii.  p.  73  ;  '  Factory 
Records,'  Hugli,  vol.  iv.,  Kasimbazar,  vol.  i. ; 
*  Letter  Book,'  vol.  vi.  p.  275 ;  Harl.  MS. 
4254,  fol.  13  ;  '  Diaries  of  Streynsham 
Master,'  ed.  Temple,  vol.  ii.  pp.  18,  72  ;  P.C.C- 
Admons.] 


*  John  Naylor,  the  Company's  silk  dyer  at 
Kasimbazar. 

t  There  was  no  truth  in  this  report,  as  on 
Smith's  dismissal  from  Dacca  in  Jan.,  1673,  he- 
had  been  ordered  to  come  to  Hugll. 


128.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


35 


Ballasore  the  27th  March  1673 
Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Esteemed  Friend 

I  crave  pardon  for  my  long  silence  : 
it  has  pleased  god  to  visset  mee  with  a 
bluddy  flux*  ever  sence  your  departure 
hence,  that  hath  brought  me  so  weake  that 
I  have  not  stured  out  of  rny  Chamber  upperd 
of  two  months.  But  thanks  be  to  God  I  am 
upon  the  mending  hand. 

What  newes  wee  have  from  the  Coast  I 
liave  sent  you.  Wee  and  the  Dutch  have 
had  a  great  fight  at  home,  but  not  much 
•dammage  don  to  us  but  the  lost  [sic]  of  the 
Ryall  James,  which  was  fired,  where  his 
Ryall  Hiness  was  in,  but  hee  made  his  escape 
aboard  of  another.  Wee  have  taken  and 
fournt  a  great  many  of  there  ships,  which 
they  were  never  so  rowted  befor  as  they 
have  beene  now.f  The  french  and  wee  by 
land  hath  taken  forty  one  townes  and 
eeaven  Castels  from  them,  that  the  states 
of  Holland  are  most  undon,  J  and  'tis  beleaved 
wee  shall  have  sudden  newes  of  peace, 
which  pray  god  send. 

The  Dutch  have  taken  seaven  Metchle- 
patam  boates  laden  with  the  Companys 
goods  going  to  the  Fort,  to  a  great  vally. 
'They  have  taken  a  ship  that  Mr  Lock  and 
Mr  Winter  was  in  [?  by]  which  our  friends  at 
Metchlepatam  will  have  a  great  loss.§ 


*  Dysentery.     See  Letter  XXVI. 

t  Billingsley  is  referring  to  the  battle  of 
South  wold,  which  took  place  on  May  28,  1672, 
when  De  Ruyter's  squadron  sailed  against  the 
Duke  of  York.  Both  English  and  Dutch  claimed 
the  victory :  the  Duke  of  York  because  he  had 
lost  only  one  ship  of  the  line  and  had  destroyed 
three  of  those  of  his  enemies,  while  the  Dutch 
posed  as  conquerors  in  right  of  the  damage  they 
had  done  and  of  the  death  of  the  distinguished 
Admiral  Lord  Sandwich,  who,  with  his  two  sons, 
perished  in  the  flames  on  the  Royal  James.  It 
was,  however,  the  Prince  from  which  the  Duke 
of  York  escaped  when  she  was  practically  wrecked, 
"but  she  was  towed  to  the  rear  while  the  Duke, 
hidden  by  smoke,  crept  out  of  the  cabin  window 
Into  his  boat  and  passed  to  the  St.  Michael. 

t  In  1672  the  United  Provinces  were  attacked 
on  all  sides.  Louis  XIV.,  then  in  alliance  with 
England,  collected  his  forces  on  the  Sambre  and 
at  Sedan,  when  town  after  town  went  down 
before  them,  for  the  Dutch  were  utterly  un- 
prepared for  invasion,  and  the  battle  of  South- 
wold  was  the  result  of  an  attempt  by  De  Witt 
and  De  Rnyter  to  make  a  second  dash  at  the 
Thames  and  thus  pro  vent  the  English  and  French 
from  coalescing. 

§  In  January,  1673  (O.C.  3730,  3742),  Agent 
William  Langhorne  reported  the  loss  of  three 
boats  from  Masulipatam,  laden  with  calicoes 


It  is  reported  they  have  taken  the  Com- 
panys ships  [sic]  Returne  upon  the  south 
Seas,  and  4  of  our  Europe  ships  upon  the 
Coast  of  Surrat  and  one  ship  that  belong[s] 
to  the  President  that  came  from  Jappari  very 
richly  laden,  that  the  Dutch  reports  that 
her  laden  [sic]  was  most  Gold.  Wee  hope 
this  newes  may  not  bee  true.*  Wee  doe 
expect  newes  every  day  from  Surrat,  then 
wee  shall  know  the  truth  of  it,  which  shall 
advise  you  of.  Bad  times,  pray  god  send 
us  better.  The  Mooresf  have  taken  Santa- 
may  from  the  french  so  that  they  are  all 
fled.J  This  is  all  the  newes  at  present 
sturring,  so  having  not  more  to  trouble  you 
at  this  time,  but  with  mine  arid  my  wifes 
kind  respects  to  your  selfe.  If  you  lack  any 
thing  here  I  am  free  to  serve  you,  so  remaine 

Your  ever  loving  Friend  to  serve  you 

JOHN  BILLINGSLEY 

Mr  Hall  is  not  gon  home,  and  is  a  comming 
from  the  Fort  to  Metchlepatam,  if  not  here 

[Endorsed]  To  Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Merchant  In  Cassumbuzar 


R.  C.  TEMPLE. 


(To  be  concluded.) 


valued  at  5800  pagodas,  and  stated  that  they 
were  taken  by  the  Dutch  in  retaliation  for  the 
seizure  of  their  "  Vingerlah  Yaucht  "  (yacht  for 
Vingurla,  near  Goa).  In  February  the  number 
had  increased  to  five  ('  Factory  Records,'  Fort 
St.  George,  vol.  xvii.),  but  seven  seems  to  be  an 
exaggeration.  There  appears  also  to  be  an  in- 
accuracy as  regards  the  "  ship  that  Mr.  Lock 
and  Mr.  Winter  was  in,"  for  Sir  Edward  Winter 
had  already  sailed  to  England  in  the  Bombay 
Merchant  in  January,  1672.  Edward  Lock,  who 
was  "  second  to  Sir  Edward  Winter  "  in  1668,  may 
have  been  in  the  captured  vessel,  but  I  have 
found  no  corroboration  of  the  statement. 

*  This  report  was  only  partially  correct.  The 
Return  from  Japan,  which  was  to  have  gone  to 
Surat  to  be  laden  for  England,  was  for  several 
months  thought  to  have  fallen  into  the  hands  of 
the  Dutch,  but  it  was  subsequently  ascertained 
that  she  was  left  at  Taiwan  (Formosa)  on  Nov.  19, 
1672,  "  to  stay  till  the  next  Monsoon  "  (Letter 
Book,  vol.  v.  p.  63).  No  ships  were  taken  by 
the  Dutch  off  Surat,  but  the  Hannibal  and 
Experiment  were  both  seized  near  Malacca. 
The  Recovery,  belonging  to  Matthew  Gray, 
President  of  Surat,  escaped  the  Dutch  off  Ceylon, 
but  the  Philip  and  Ann,  another  privately  owned 
vessel  from  Bombay,  was,  on  her  return  from 
Sin  in ,  r.lso  taken  off  Malacca  (O.C.  3743,  376). 

t  Muhammadans. 

}  The  French,  who  took  St.  Thom^,  near 
Madras,  in  1672,  were  repeatedly  attacked  by 
the  forces  of  the  King  of  Golconda,  but  had  not, 
at  this  date,  been  compelled  to  relinquish  their 
conquest. 


36 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  FEB.,  191& 


FIRST  AMERICAN  SOLDIERS  TO  FALL  IN  THE 
GREAT  WAR. — They  were  killed  during  a 
German  raid  on  the  trenches  at  the  village 
of  Bathelemont,  twelve  miles  from  Nancy, 
one  being  shot  and  two  stabbed  with 
poignards.  A  monument  designed  by  M. 
Louis  Majorelle  commemorates  the  incident. 
A  few  months  ago  the  U.S.  Ambassador 
dedicated  the  monument,  the  ceremony, 
however,  taking  place  at  Nancy,  as  Bathel6- 
mont  was  too  hot.  A  full  description  of  the 
ceremony,  based  on  the  Ambassador's 
report  to  Washington,  appeared  in  The  New 
York  Herald  of  Dec.  22,  1918.  On  one  side 
of  the  monument  is  the  legend  "  Lorraine  to 
*,he  United  States."  The  other  side  reads  :  — 

Here 
in  Lorraine  territory 

repose 

the  three  first 

American  soldiers 

killed  by  the  enemy 

on  November  3,   1917. 

Corporal  James  B.  Gresham 

(of  Evansville), 
Private  Thomas  F.  Enright 

(of  Pittsburg), 
Private  Merle  D.  Hay 

(of  Clidden). 

As  worthy  sons  of  their  great 

and  noble  nation  they  have 

fought  for  Justice,  Liberty 

and  Civilization  against 

German  Imperialism, 
the  scourge  of  the  human  race. 

They  died  on  the  battlefield. 
It  would  be  interesting  to  know  the  names 
of  the  first  British  soldiers  to  fall. 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

TANKS  IN  THE  GREAT  WTAR. — In  view  of 
possible  controversy  in  future  years  as  to  the 
origin  of  Tanks,  it  may  be  well  to  preserve  in 
'  N.  &  Q.'  the  following  cutting  from  The 
Morning  Post  of  Dec.  18,  1918  :  — 

FACTS  ABOUT  TANKS. — The  origin  and  evolution 
of  Tanks  have  so  long  puzzled  the  non-military 
mind,  which  in  the  mist  of  many  disputants  for 
the  honour  of  the  work  could  not  equitably  adjust 
the  claims,  that  the  information  given  on  a  sou- 
venir card  at  a  dinner  of  the  Designs  Branch  of 
the  Mechanical  Warfare  (Tanks)  Department  will 
be  welcome.  The  facts  were  set  out  thus  : 
QUESTION.  ANSWER. 

Who  "  invented  "  the         No  one. 
first  Tank  ? 

Who  designed  the  Major  Wilson  and 
first  Tank  ?  Sir  William  Tritton. 

Who  originated  the  Major  Wilson,  in 
all-round  track  ?  August,  1915. 

Who  built  the  first  Sir  W.  Tritton,  at 
Tank  ?  Foster's,  Lincoln. 

Who  authorized      the          Mr.  Winston 

expenditure     of     public     Churchill, 
money     for     the      first 
Tanks? 


QUESTION. 

Who  suggested  the 
design  of  the  "  Gun 
Carrier  "  ? 

Who  originally  or- 
ganized the  M.W.D.  ? 

What  firms  produced 
Tanks  in  quantities  ? 

When  did  they  first 
go  into  action  ? 

Who  led  them,  get- 
ting 23  out  of  28  "  over 
the  top  "  ? 

Can  there  be  any 
finality  in  design  of 
these  land  ships  ? 


ANSWER. 
Major  Greg. 

Sir  A.  Stern,  K.B.E, 

Messrs.  Foster,  Lin- 
coln, and  Metropolitan 
Co.,  Birmingham. 

September  6,  1916. 

Lieut.-Col.  Summew,. 
D.S.O. 

No  more  than  there 
can  be  finality  in  de- 
sign of  sea  ships. 

J.  R.  H. 


TENNYSON  AND  OPIUM.- — Looking  into  a 
volume  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  of  1895,  I  have  come 
across  (8  S.  vii.  348)  this  query  :  — 

"  Thirty-five  years  ago,  or  more,  it  was 
commonly  reported  that  Tennyson  was  an  opium- 
eater.  Has  this  ever  been  confirmed  or  contra- 
dicted ?  " 

There  was  one  reply  (ibid.,  p.  495)  of  little 
or  no  value. 

The  following  extracts  show  what  Tenny- 
son thought  of  opium-eating,  and  go  far  to 
prove  that  the  report  was  fake.  They  are 
taken  from  an  autograph  letter  which  I 
have.  It  is  not  dated,  but  a  passage  in  it 
about  trouble  with  his  eyesight  places  the 
date,  almost  certainly,  in  1831.  The  post- 
mark (date  illegible)  is  Spilsby.  The  water- 
mark date  is  1830.  The  letter  was  written 
to  one  of  his  Cambridge  friends,  whose  name, 
though  he  died  many  years  ago,  I  suppress. 

"  Hollo  !....,  . . . . !  for  shame  !  what  are  you 
about — musing,  &  brooding  &  dreaming  &  opium- 
eating  yourself  out  of  this  life  into  the  next  ? 
Awake,  arise  or  be  for  ever  fallen.  Shake  your- 
self you  Owl  o'  the  turret  you  !  come  forth  you 
cat-a-mountain — you  shall  chew  no  more  cud. 
I  swear  by  Spedding's  speech  &  Hallam's  essay,, 
by  the  right  hand  of  Tennant  &  the  eyes  of 
Thompson,  by  the  impetuous  pomp  of  the  taller — 
&  the  voluptuous  quiverings  of  the  eyeglass  of  the 
smaller — Scotchman,  I  swear  by  the  mildness  of 
Heath  &  the  memory  of  Trench  that  thou  shalt 
chew  no  more  cud.  What !  is  St.  Anne  dead  ? 
Is  there  not  cakes  &  ales  ?  is  there  not  toddies  ?  is- 
there  not  bacchies  ?  is  there  not  pipes  ?  smoke 
negrofoot  an  thou  wilt  but  in  the  name  of  all  that 
is  near  &  dear  unto  thee  I  prythee  take  no  opium — 
it  were  better  that  a  millstone  were  hung  about 
thy  neck  &  that  thou  wert  thrown  into  the 
Cam 

"  I  think  you  mentioned  a  renewal  of  your 
acquaintance  with  the  fishermen,  which  may 
possibly  occur  if  you  will  leave  off  the  aforesaid 
drug,  if  you  do  not  I  can  foresee  nothing  for  you 
but  stupefaction,  aneurism,  confusion,  horror  & 
death. 

Thine,  dear   .... 

to  the  end  of  time 

A.  T." 


12  S.  V.  FEB.,  1919.J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


37 


It  should  be  noted  that  the  letter  was 
written  when  Tennyson  was  a  young  man 
of  twenty -two  to  an  intimate  friend  of  equal 
age. 

It  may  be  that  the  unhappy  propensity  of 
the  friend  was  shifted  by  rumour  to  Tenny- 
son himself.  The  preservation  of  the  letter 
leads  one  to  believe  that  it  had  an  effective 
influence.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

8  Cleveland  Square,  W. 

DICKENS' s  *  OUR  MUTUAL  FRIEND  '  :  A 
TOPOGRAPHICAL  SLIP.  —  Dickens  was  so 
famed  for  his  exact  knowledge  of  London 
topography  that  I  was  surprised,  on  re-read- 
ing '  Our  Mutual  Friend  '  recently,  to  come 
across  what  appears  to  be  a  departure  from 
his  usual  accuracy.  In  chap,  iii.,  where  Mor- 
timer and  Eugene  pay  their  visit  to  Jesse 
Hexham's  abode,  we  are  told  concerning  the 
oab  in  which  they  took  their  journey,  "  The 
wheels  rolled  on,  and  rolled  down  by  the 
Monument,  and  by  the  Tower,  and  by  the 
docks,  down  by  Ratclifie  and  by  Rother- 
hithe,"  &c.  Rotherhithe  is,  of  course,  on 
the  other  side  of  the  river.  I  do  not  know 
whether  this  inaccuracy  has  been  noticed 
before.  F.  A.  RUSSELL. 

HERRICK'S  DEBT  TO  ANDREW  WILLET. — 
In  looking  through  the  commentaries  and 
*  Synopsis  Papismi '  of  Andrew  Willet,  it  is 
-evident  to  me  that  the  poet  Herrick  was 
familiar  with  these  volumes.  Some  of 
Willet 's  quotations  from  the  Fathers  and 
other  writers  have  been  skilfully  translated 
by  the  poet  into  English  verse.  I  could  give 
many  instances,  but  confine  myself  to  one. 

Willet  quotes  Augustine  on  predestination  : 
"  Indurare  Deus  dicitur,  quern  mollire 
noluerit  "  ;  which  Herrick  translates  ('  Noble 
Numbers,'  250)  :  — 

God's  said  our  hearts  to  harden  then, 
Whenas  His  grace  not  supples  men. 

JOSEPH  HEALD  WARD. 
Exmouth. 

SHERIDAN  ON  PUFFS. — It  is  evident  that 
Sheridan  took  some  hints  for  the  well-known 
passage  about  puffs  in  '  The  Critic  '  from  an 
Essay  on  Puffs  printed  in  The  London 
Magazine  for  June,  1735,  p.  295  ;  with  a 
reference  to  Grubstreet  Journal,  June  12, 
Bo.  285.  If  it  has  not  been  noticed,  the  latter 
part  of  it  may  be  worth  reproducing  :  — 

"  These  Puffs  may  be  divided  logically  into 
material  and  formal,  true  and  false,  affirmative 
and  negative.  The  material  puff  differs  from  the 
formal,  in  that  it  is  not  inserted  as  a  Paragraph  of 
&ews,  with  the  Introduction  we  hear,  or  the  like  ; 
but  often  makes  part  of  an  Advertisement,  and 
sometimes  of  a  Title  Page.  In  the  two  other 


Divisions  the  Branches  are  very  unequal ;  the 
false  being  much  more  numerous  than  the  true, 
and  the  affirmative  than  the  negative.  For  tho' 
the  Generality  of  puffs  are  not  literally  false,  they 
are  expressed  so  equivocally,  that  they  may  be 
taken  in  a  double  Sense. 

"  They  may  be  divided  mathematically  into 
direct,  oblique,  and  circular.  The  direct  is  thai, 
in  which  the  Subject  Matter  of  the  puff  is  related 
directly  as  a  Piece  of  News,  of  which  every 
Circumstance  makes  an  essential  Part  of  the 
Puff  ;  as  this  in  Fog's  Journal,  April  12.  '  We 
hear,  that  several  Gentlemen  from'  Rome,  Paris, 
and  other  foreign  Universities,  have  been  ordered 
to  send  thither  an  Account  of  the  Disputations  of 
the  Oratory.'  In  the  oblique  puff,  a  Piece  of 
News  is  related  which  seems  at  first  to  have  no 
Tendency  to  a  puff,  and  yet  concludes  with  some 
Circumstance,  for  the  Sake  of  which  alone  the 
whole  was  inserted.  As  when  it  is  said,  '  That  at 
such  a  Time,  in  such  a  Place,  such  a  Person  fell 
from  his  Horse,  and  broke  his  Leg  :  which  being 
set  by  such  a  Surgeon,  he  is  in  a  fair  Way  of 
Recovery.'  The  circular  puff  is  that  which  men- 
tions nothing  directly  to  recommend  either  Things 
or  Persons,  and  yet  is  published  with  no  other 
View.  Such  is  "that  material  puff  which  has 
appeared  so  often  in  the  Form  of  an  Advertise- 
ment,  *  Just  published,  and  given  Gratis,  Marriage 
Ceremonies  with  a  long  &c.  given  Gratis  up  one 
Pair  of  Stairs,  at  the  Sign  of  Dr.  Chamberlen's 
famous  Anodyne  Necklace,  &c.'  " 

G.  E.  P.  A. 

GEORGE  STEPNEY  AT  VIENNA.  (See  2  S. 
xi.  225  ;  10  S.  vii.  8.) — Some  new  data  of 
interest  in  relation  to  Dr.  Edmond  Halley's 
two  missions  to  Vienna  (1702-3)  might, 
perhaps,  be  recovered  upon  examination  of 
item  8  in  Catalogue  114  issued  by  Mr.  P.  M. 
Barnard  of  Tunbridge  Wells.  The  item  is 
described  as  follows  :  — 

"  Austria,  Hungary,  and  the  Grand  Alliance, 
1702-5  and  6. — The  Stepney-Cardonnel  Corre- 
spondence. A  collection  of  180  official  copies  of 
letters  and  documents  sent  during  the  years 
1702-5-6  by  George  Stepney,  British  Envoy  at 
Vienna,  to  Adam  de  Cardonnel,  secretary  to  the 
Duke  of  Marlborough  from  about  1692  throughout 
the  campaigns  to  about  1707.  1702-6." 

From  the  notes  appended  I  extract  the 
ollowing  :  — 

"  This  is  a  most  remarkable  series  of  letters 
which,  up  to  the  present,  does  not  appear  to  have 
seen  published ....  It  is  doubtful  whether  there 
s  another  account  of  these  transactions  available 
n  English. . .  .The  correspondence  seems  to  have 
escaped  the  notice  of  the  Historical  Manuscripts 
Commission." 
Chicago.  EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

BADULLA,  CEYLON  :  TOMBSTONE  INSCRIP- 
TION.— An  interesting  photograph  of  an 
ancient  bo  tree  at  Badulla,  Ceylon,  shows  a 
tombstone  embedded  in  its  trunk.  As  far 
as  I  can  make  out,  the  inscription  refers  to 
Mrs.  Sophia  Wilson,  daughter  of  the  Rev. 


38 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  a.  V.  FEB.,  1919. 


Battersbee    of    Stratford-upon-Avon, 

and  wife  of  Douglas  Wilson,  Resident  and 
Agent,  who  died  at  Badulla  after  three  days' 

illness   on   24   M (?),   aged   24  years.     I 

shall  be  pleased  to  send  the  name  of  the 
publisher  of  the  photograph  to  any  one 
interested.  J.  ARDAGH. 

35  Church  Avenue,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 


WK  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

'  N.  &  Q.'  :  ITS  OFFSPRING  IN  OTHER 
COUNTRIES. — Les  Notes  and  Queries  m'in- 
teressent  infmiment,  et  je  d6sirerais  beaucoup 
savoir  s'il  existe  d'autres  revues  cogues 
dans  cet  esprit  et  ayant  un  programme 
analogue.  En  France  je  connais  depuis 
longtemps  notre  Intermediate  des  Chercheurs 
et  des  Curieux.  Y  a-t-il  pareilles  revues  en 
Allemagne,  aux  Etats  Unis,  au  Canada,  en 
Australie,  en  Suisse,  en  Belgique,  en 
Espagne,  &c.,  et  en  general  dans  les  pays  de 
langues  anglaise,  allemande,  ou  espagnole  ? 

Si  vous  pouviez  me  renseigner  a  ce  sujet, 
je  vous  en  serais  tout  a  fait  reconnai^sant. 

L.  TREICH. 

Haute-Loire. 

[In  'N.  &  Q.'  for  Feb.  10,  1883  (6  S.  vii .  105), 
mention  was  marie  of  French,  Spanish,  Italian, 
Dutch,  and  American  descendants  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  5 
but  we  are  not  aware  how  many  have  survived  the 
vicissitudes  of  the  past  four  years.] 

SAMUEL  JOHNSON  AND  BEN  JONSON.  — The 
reviewer  of  *  Boethius,'  &c.,  in  The  Times 
Literary  Supplement  of  Dec.  26,  1918, 

writes  :  — 

"  As  Johnson  would  say.  vitality  sufficient  to 
preserve  them,  from  putrefaction." 

Carlyle     ('  Past     and     Present,'     book     ii. 
chap,  ii.)  says  :  — 

"A  certain  decree  cf  s  ul,  as  Ben  Jonson 
reminds  us,  is  i  dispensable  to  keep  the  very 
body  from  *:estructi  n  of  the  frightfulest  sort : 
to  'save  us,'  says  he,  '  the  expense  of  salt.'  " 

Will    one    of    your    readers    kindly    supply 
references  to  the  original  passages  ? 

J.  L. 
Edinburgh. 

MATTHEW  ARNOLD  AND  "  ANGLO-SAXON 
CONTAGION." — Matthew  Arnold  began  his 
address  on  Milton  in  St.  Margaret's  Church, 
Westminster,  Feb.  13,  1888  (later  printed 
in  '  Essays  in  Criticism,  Second  Series  '), 
with  the  words  :  "  The  most  eloquent  voice 


of  our  century  uttered,  shortly  before  leaving: 
the  world,  a  warning  cry  against  '  the  Anglo- 
Saxon  contagion.'  ' 

To  whom  does  Arnold  refer,  and  to  what 
passage  ?  J.  P.  MALLESON. 

[At  11  8.  ii.  318,  376,  and  438  Emerson,  Victor 
Hugo,  and  Coleridge  were  suggested  by  different 
correspondents  as  answering  to  Matthew  Arnold's 
description  ;  but  no  one  settled  the  question  by 
identifying  the  quotation.  We  hope  that  MB. 
MALLESON  may  be  more  fortunate.] 

MATTHEW  ARNOLD  :  PROVING  A  NEGATIVE. 
— Dr.  Saintsbury,  '  Peace  of  the  Augustans,' 
p.  8,  says  :  — 

"  It  never  happened — none  of  it,  as  Mr- 
Matthew  Arnold  rashly  observed  of  certain  other 
transactions,  without  being  able  to  produce  the 
slightest  evidence  to  prove  the  negative,"  &c. 
To  what  statement  in  Matthew  Arnold  does 
Prof.  Saintsbury  allude  ?  J.  L. 

"  NUNQTJAM      MINUS      SOLUS      QUAM      CUM 

SOLUS." — I  have  always  heard  and  read  that 
this  line  owes  its  origin  to  St.  Bernard  of 
Clairvaux  in  the  tente  that  the  Divine 
onmipre.-ence  precludes  absolute  solitude,, 
but  De  Quincey  gives  it  another  source  and 
significance  in  his  '  Brevia,'  s.v.  *  The  Latin 
Word  Felix  '  : — 

"  Whe  .  Cicero  speaks  of  his  nunquam  minus 
solus  Quam  cum  solus,  he  is  ;  n^.ouncinu;  what  he 
feels  to  b  t  and  knows  \vill  be,  .-.ccepted  as  a 
very  extraordinary  fact.  For  even  in  rure  it  is 
evident  that  friends  made  it  a  duty  of  friendship 
to  seek  out  and  relieve  their  rusticating  friends." 

If  from  Cicero,  where  is  this  proverb  (current 
as  such)  to  be  found  ?  Possibly  St.  Bernard 
adopted  and  adapted  it  from  him. 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

[King's  '  Classical  and  Foreign  Quotations,* 
3rd  ed.,  supplies  the  answer  :  "  1836.  Nunquam 
se  plus  agere  quam  nihil  quum  ageret ;  nunquam 
minus  solum  esse  quam  quum  solus  esset.  Cic. 
'  Rep.'  1.  17,  27 ...  .Saying  of  P.  Scipio  Africanus,. 
quoted  by  Cato,  to  whom  is  also  attributed 
'  Nunquam  se  minus  otiosum  esse  quam  quum 
otiosub  esset,'  in  Cic.  *  Off.'  3,  1,  1."] 

BURIAL  AT  SEA  :  FOUR  GUNS  FIRED  JFOR 
AN  OFFICER. — In  1638  Peter  Mundy,  who 
was  then  a  member  of  Courteen's  Association* 
was  in  the  ship  Sun  sailing  from  Mauritius 
to  Madagascar.  On  June  10, 

"  Mr.  Thomas  Woollman,  our  Master,  Died* 
and  was  buried  in  a  decentt  Manner,  with  3  vol- 
leies  of  Smalle  shotte  and  4  peeces  off  greatt 
ordnance,  the  even  Number  oil  greatt  gunnes 
allwaies  signifying  the  Death  off  some  principall 
Man  or  officer  in  the  shippe." 

Is  Mundy's  last  assertion  correct,  and  does, 
the  custom  still  obtain  ?  If  not,  was  it 
confined  to  ships  of  the  East  India  Company 


12  S.  V.  FEE  ,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


39 


and  allied  associations,  and  when  was  it 
discontinued  ?  I  have  failed  to  get  any 
definite  information  on  the  point. 

R.  C.  TEMPLE. 

CLAY  BALLS  AS  CHRISTMAS  COLLECTING 
BOXES.  —  Peter  Mundy,  a  Cornishman,  in 
describing  some  Portuguese  sports  that  he 
saw  at  Macao  in  1637,  says  that  the  com- 
petitors used  "  little  round  hollow  empty 
earthen  halffe  baked  balles ....  beeing  like 
to  such  as  are  made  For  servauntts  to  gather 
Mony  att  Christmas  etts.  festi vails." 

Can  any  reader  inform  me  whether  such 
collecting  boxes  were  peculiar  to  Cornwall 
(Mundy  was  born  at  Penryn),  and  whether 
there  is  any  record  substantiating  Mundy 's 
statement  ?  I  have  failed  to  find  any  trace 
of  the  custom.  R.  C.  TEMPLE. 

GOLDSWORTHY     AS      A      PLACE-NAME. — In 

continuation  of  my  inquiries  regarding  the 
Gokisworthy  family  (see  12  S.  iv.  185,  228, 
258),  I  am  advised  that  there  is  also  a  place- 
name  "  Goldsworthy,"  and  I  ask  for  any 
information  from  your  readers  on  this  point. 
I  shall  take  pleasure  in  replying  direct. 

JOHN  GOLDSWORTHY  ADAMS. 

49  Fort  Greene  Place,  Brooklyn,  New  York. 

[Bartholomew's  '  Gazetteer  of  the  British  Isles  ' 
states  that  there  is  a  tithing  named  Goldsworth 
in  the  parish  of  Woking,  six  miles  north  of 
Guildford,  in  Surrey.] 

BOROUGH  COURTS  :  "  JUR  DE  LA  VILE." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  what 
exactly  is  meant  by  "  jur  de  la  vile "  ? 
The  phrase  occurs  in  accounts  of  the  legal 
procedure  of  borough  courts.  A  defendant, 
unless  he  is  a  foreigner,  is  entitled  to  an 
adjournment  to  this  "town  day"  after  his 
appearance  to  answer  his  summons.  Was  it 
the  'regular  weekly  meeting  of  the  borough 
court,  or  has  it  some  special  significance  ? 

J.  S.  F. 

VAUVENARGUES  :    "LA    CLARTE    EST    LA 

BONNE     FOI     DES     PHILOSOPHES."—  Schopen- 

hauer  in  his  'Fourfold  Root  of  Sufficient 
Reason '  (chap.  i.  §  3)  attributes  to  Vauve- 
nargues  the  following  epigram  :  "  La 
clarte  est  la  bonne  foi  des  philosophes." 
But  I  cannot  find  it  in  the  works  of  the 
Frenchman.  Schopenhauer  may  have  com- 
pounded it  from  recollections  of  nos.  4  and  5 
of  Vauvenargues'  *  Reflexions  et  Maximes  '  : 
4*  «  L?  clar*e  orne  les  pensees  profondes." 
5.  "  L'obscurite  est  le  royaume  de  1'erreur." 
But,  if  Schopenhauer  really  quoted  from 
Vauvenargues,  perhaps  some  reader  can  give 
the  exact  reference.  W  M  T 

Oxford. 


S.  T.  COLERIDGE  ON  IMMORTALITY. — The 
Rev.  Samuel  Minton,  on  the  title-page  of  his 
*  Unworthy  of  Eternal  Life '  (in  reply  to 
Canon  Liddon),  quotes  from  S.  T.  C.  without 
a  reference  :  — 

"  I  am  confident  that  the  doctrine  [of  conditional 
immortality]  would  be  a  far  stronger  motive  than 
the  present :  for,  no  man  will  believe  eternal 
misery  of  himself,  but  millions  would  admit  that 
if  they  did  not  amend  their  lives  they  would  be 
undeserving  of  living  for  ever." 
Can  any  reader  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  supply  the 
reference  ?  It  is  probably  to  some  letter  or 
conversation.  I  cannot  find  it  in  S.  T.  C.'s 
'  Works.'  W.  M.  T. 

SCOTCH  UNIVERSITY  GRADUATES. — Are 
there  any  published  works  dealing  with,  or 
giving  lists  of,  graduates  of  the  Scotch 
Universities — Edinburgh,  Glasgow,  &c.  ? 

Consett,  co.  Durham.          J'  W«  FAWCETT. 

[The  British  Museum   Catalogue   contains  the 
following  works  relating  to  the  subject : — 
ABERDEEN. 

List  of  persons  admitted  to  the  degree  of 
Master  of  Arts,  in  the  University  and  King's 
College  of  Aberdeen,  from  the  year  1800  in- 
clusive, pp.  67.  Aberdeen,  1866.  8vo. 

Lists  of  officers.  University  and  King's  College, 
Aberdeen,  1496-1860.  By  P.  J.  A[nderson]. 
pp.  94.  [Aberdeen,]  University  Press,  1893.  4to. 

Boll  of  alumni  in  Arts  of  the  University  and 
King's  College  of  Aberdeen,   1596-1860.     Edited 
by  Peter  J.  Anderson,     pp.  xiii,  275.    1900.    4to. 
EDINBURGH. 

A  catalogue  of  the  graduates  in  the  faculties 
of  Art,  Divinity,  and  Law,  of  the  University  of 
Edinburgh,  since  its  foundation.  Edinburgh, 
1858.  8vo.  [Edited  by  D.  Laing.] 

Alphabetical  list  of  graduates. ..  .from  1859 
to  1888.  With  historical  appendix,  pp.  139. 
Edinburgh  [1889].  8vo. 

List  of  the  graduates  in  Medicine  in  the  Uni- 
versity of  Edinburgh  from  1705  to  1866.  (Alpha- 
betical index  of  names.)  2  pt.  Edinburgh, 
Neill  &  Co.,  1867.  8vo. 

GLASGOW. 

A  roll  of  the  graduates  of  the  University  of 
Glasgow  from  31st  December,  1727.  to  31st 
December,  1897,  with  short  biographical  notes. 
By  W.  Innes  Addison.  pp.  x,  695.  Glasgow, 
MacLehose  &  Sons,  1898.  8vo. 

The  matriculation  albums  of  the  University  of 
Glasgow  from  1728  to  1858.  Transcribed  and 
annotated  by....W.  Innes  Addison.  pp.  xiv, 
607.  Glasgow,  1913.  4to. 

ST.  ANDREWS. 

Discipulorum  nomina  in  Collegio  S.  Salvatoris 
et  Divi  Leonard!  in  Academia  Andreana,   1842 
1846].     4  pt.     Andreapoli,  A.  Reid,  1845.     8vo. 
The   matriculation    roll    of    the    University   of 
Saint  Andrews,  1747-1897.     Edited,  with  intro- 
duction and  index,  by  James  Maitland  Anderson. 
Edinburgh,  1905  [and  later],  Blackwood  &  Sons. 
8vo. 

There  are  also  some  lists  of  graduates  in  special 
years  or  subjects.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  FEB.,  1919. 


BACK-MAGAZINE  DEALERS. — I  shall  be 
grateful  if  any  correspondent  will  give  the 
name  and  address  of  some  "  back-magazine  " 
dealer.  Not  long  ago  I  went  to  Paternoster 
Row,  intending  to  get  certain  magazines,  if 
in  stock,  from  Messrs.  Charles  Humphreys 
&  Co.,  from  whom  I  had  bought  many  at 
various  times  ;  but  I  was  told  at  a  shop  near 
by  that  Messrs.  Humphreys  had  left,  and 
my  informant  did  not  know  their  new 
address.  Of  course  there  are  many  shops  in 
London  and  elsewhere  in  which  ^there  are 
small  or  large  lots  of  bygone  magazines,  but 
I  know  of  none  now  where  they  are  stocked 
according  to  titles  and  dates. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

8  Cleveland  Square,  W. 

IONA  :  ITS  ETYMOLOGY. — Can  any  one 
throw  light  on  the  origin  of  the  name  lona, 
applied  to  the  island  called,  in  Irish  litera- 
ture, "  I,"  and  (after  the  foundation  of  its 
celebrated  abbey)  "  I-colum-kill  "  (Island 
of  the  Dove  of  the  Church)  ?  Can  lona  be  a 
relic  of  Ptolemaic  geography  ? 

N.    POWLETT,    Col. 

[Isaac  Taylor,  '  Names  and  their  Histories,' 
1896.  says  :  "  It  is  supposed  that  lona  is  a  ghost- 
name  arising  out  of  the  misreading  of  '  lona  '  for 

*  loua '    ('  lova '),    an    adjectival    form    used    by 
Adamnan.     The    island    was    also    called    '  Hii,' 

*  la.'    and    '  I  '    (probably    variants    of    '  lou  '), 
which,   though  not  found  in  modern   Gaelic,   is 
supposed  to  mean  '  island,'  lona  being  also  called 
Icolmkil    ('  I-cholum-cille  '),    usually    translated 
the  '  island  of  Columba's  cell.'  "] 

FOUNDLING  ENTRIES  IN  PARISH  REGIS- 
TERS.— In  the  Deane  parish  register,  which 
I  am  editing  for  publication,  occurs  a  curious 
entry  of  the  burial  of  a  foundling  on  Oct.  8, 
1665.  It  reads  as  follows  :  — 

"Johannes,  quidam  alienus,  patris,  matris  et 
patriae  omnino  Ignarus,  vulgo  vocat :  John  of 
Gods-sending." 

The  story  goes  that  the  boy  was  found  one 
summer's  morning  on  the  doorstep  of  the 
vicarage,  John  Angier  being  the  vicar. 

Can  any  readers  supply  such  entries  of 
foundlings  from  other  parish  registers  ? 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

BYRONIC  STATUE  IN  FLEET  STREET.— On 
193  Fleet  Street,  the  house  nearest  to  the 
Law  Courts  at  the  junction  of  Fleet  Street 
and  Chancery  Lane,  there  is  a  statue  with 
this  inscription  from  Byron's  '  Lara  '  :  — 

They  were  not  common  links   that  form'd  the 

chain 

That  bound  to  Lara  Kaled's  heart  and  brain. 
Can  some  one  say  by  whom  and  why  this 
was  put  up  ?  G.  H.  CLARKE. 


EDWARD  INGLEBY'S  DESCENDANTS. — 
Edward  Ingleby  of  Liverpool  and  Sheffield 
(b.  1782,  d.  Jan.  31,  1847),  fourth  son  of 
Richard  Ingleby  of  Springfield,  Holywell,  by 
his  third  wife,  m.  Oct.  18,  1832,  Miss  Anne 
Hardesty,  and  had  issue  a  son  William 
(b.  Aug.  23,  1841)  and  five  daughters. 

Will  the  descendants  of  the  said  William 
or  of  his  sisters,  or  any  reader  who  knows  this 
branch  of  the  family,  kindly  communicate 
with  me  ? 

CLEMENT  INGLEBY,  Major  R.A.F. 

Sedgeford  Hall.  Norfolk. 

CHAPMAN  FAMILY  OF  ORMSLEY,  co. 
LINCOLN. — Richard  Chapman,  citizen  of 
London,  living  1704,  aged  41  (grandson  of 
William  Chapman  of  Ormsley,  co.  Lincoln, 
and  Catherine  his  wife,  daughter  of  Robert 
Portington,  younger  brother  of  Sir  Roger 
Portington),  married  Catherine,  daughter  of 
Roger  Garnham  of  Chieveley,  Berks,  and 
had  with  other  issue  a  daughter  Mary,  who 
married  a  nephew  of  the  Duke  of  Chandos. 
I  should  be  grateful  if  any  one  could  tell  me 
the  Christian  name  and  surname  of  her 
husband,  and  how  he  was  nephew  of  the 
duke.  The  family  of  Brydges,  Dukes  of 
Chandos,  owned  the  manor  of  Shaw,  Berks, 
until  1709.  LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

BLADES  FAMILY  OF  COVERDALE  AND 
WENSLEYDALE.  —  Can  any  reader  state 
whether  John  Blades  of  Broxwell  Hall, 
Surrey,  was  in  any  way  connected  with  the 
Blades  family  who  for  several  generations 
resided  at  Caldberg  in  the  parish  of  Coverham, 
N.R.  Yorkshire  ?  John  Blades  was  Sheriff 
of  London  in  1812-13,  and  is  said  to  have 
been  a  native  of  either  Coverham  or 
Aysgarth.  Mr.  Ralph  Blades  of  Field 
House,  Aysgarth,  says  that  John  Blades  was 
a  member  of  his  grandfather's  family.  The 
late  Sheriff  of  London,  Sir  George  Blades, 
Kt.,  springs  from  Wensleydale,  and  is  a 
member  of  the  family  of  the  late  William 
Blades,  the  well-known  author  of  '  The  Life 
and  Typography  of  William  Caxton,'  &c. 
The  Blades  family  of  Caldberg,  Coverham, 
was  connected  with  the  Chaytors  of  Scrafton, 
Coverdale,  and  Witton  Castle,  Durham  ;  and 
the  late  Lady  Storey  of  Lancaster  was  a 
member  of  this  branch  of  the  Bladeses. 
As  there  is  a  hamlet  called  Blades  within  the 
North  Riding  of  Yorkshire,  I  am  inclined  to 
believe  that  the  Blaydes  family  of  Oulton 
House  in  the  same  county,  and  that  of  High 
Paull,  Beverley,  and  Ranby  Hall,  co.Notting- 
ham,  were  both  originally  of  North  Riding 
extraction. 


12  S.  V.  FEB.,  1910.] 


NOTIvS  AND  QIJKRIKS. 


Charles  Blades  of  Caldberg,  Coverham, 
died  in  1742,  and  was  buried  at  Coverham. 
The  registers  of  Coverham  Church  contain 
several  entries  of  marriages  of  members  of 
this  branch,  and  one  entry  describes  the 
residence  as  Canonicii  House  ;  and  as  there 
was  an  Abbey  of  Coverham,  this  house  may 
have  formerly  been  a  priests'  dwelling. 
Baptismal  and  burial  entries  also  occur. 

The  local  families  of  Bywell  of  Aggies 
thorpe  Hall,  Hammond  of  Coverdale  and 
Wensleydale,  Terry  of  Aysgarth,  and  Tuns- 
tall  of  the  same  parish,  were  allied  to 
the  family  of  Blades  of  Caldberg.  It  also 
appears  that  this  family  intermarried  with 
some  French  refugees  (Huguenots),  one  of 
whom  bore  the  name  of  Marque&a,  and  was 
a  lady  of  some  standing.  She  married  a 
Blades  of  Caldberg,  and  is  said  to  have  been 
buried  at  Coverham.  Does  anybody  know 
anything  about  this  lady,  and  whether  the 
Blades  branch  of  Caldberg  resided  at  this 
place  prior  to  1710  ? 

I  am  anxious  to  ascertain  where  Charles 
Blades,  who  died  in  1742,  belonged — 
whether  his  father  dwelt  at  Caldberg,  or 
went  there  from  Colsterdale  o.r  Wensleydale. 
The  Dirisdales  and  the  Carters  were  allied 
to  the  Caldberg  branch,  and  were  near 
relatives  of  Lady  Storey  and  her  brother,  the 
late  Alderman  Charles  Blades,  J.P.,  of 
Parkfield,  Lancaster,  and  three  times  Mayor 
of  Lancaster.  Major  Walter  W.  Blades, 
D.S.O.,  of  Rutland  Lodge,  Ruspor,  Sussex, 
who  has  been  on  active  service  with  the 
British  Expeditionary  Force  in  France,  says 
that  his  family  were  settled  at  Spalding, 
co.  Lincoln,  but  that  he  had  heard  his  father, 
Col.  Joel  Blades,  R.A.,  speak  of  Yorkshire 
connexions  in  one  of  the  afore -mentioned 
dales.  R.  E.  KELLET  RIQBYE. 

Trevelyan,  Maryport,  Cumberland. 

RAIN  AND  MOWING.  (See  12  S.  iv.  329.) — 
In  the  query  on  St.  Cuthman  at  the  above 
reference  I  observe  that  there  is  a  tradition 
to  the  effect  that  when  a  certain  meadow 
(Penfold  field)  at  Steyning  is  mown  "rain 
follows  immediately  after."  I  am  interested 
in  this  because  there  is  a  field  here,  known  as 
Garrett's  Close,  to  which  the  same  tradition 
is  attached.  Every  hay-harvest  one  is  sure 
to  hear  the  saying  bruited  about,  and  some 
wiseacre  will  opine  :  "  Ah,  it's  sure  to  be 
rain  :  Garrett's  Close  is  down."  The  strange 
thing  is  that  the  prognostication  is  more 
often  true  than  not.  I  shall  be  glad  to 
know  of  any  similar  tradition  in  other 
localities.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 


PEWTER  PATEN. — I  have  an  antique 
French  pewter  paten  marked  with  a  crowned 
hammer,  above  which  is  almost  illegible 
lettering,  which  may  be  BOUVIET  or  ROUVIET 
(presumably  the  maker),  whilst  below  is  a 
word  ending  ....  MECY,  the  first  part 
obliterated — possibly  the  town  where  the 
paten  was  made.  (It  is  not  "Annecy.") 
Can  any  reader  kindly  enlighten  me  as  to 
the  name  of  the  maker  of  this  paten  ? 

ROLAND  J.  A.  SHELLEY. 

Denbie  House,  Formby,  Lanes. 

THE  AINSLIE  BOND. — I  should  feel  obliged 
if  any  reader  could  give  me  information 
regarding  the  following  :  (1)  When,  and  how, 
was  the  Sir  James  Balfour  copy  of  the 
"  Ainslie  Bond  "  (the  bond  of  the  Scottish 
nobles  for  the  marriage  of  Mary  Stuart  and 
Bothwell)  discovered  ?  (2)  Does  the  bond 
now  exist  ?  (3)  If  so,  where  is  it  ? 

SCOTTISH  STUDENT. 

SIR  SANDERS  DTJNCOMBE'S  POWDER. — 
John  Evelyn,  when  referring  to  the  death  of 
his  mother  in  1635,  says  that  when  nearly 
all  hopes  of  her  recovery  were  given  up 
"  Sir  Sanders  Duncombe  tried  his  cele- 
brated and  famous  powder."  As  it  appar- 
ently had  achieved  a  great  reputation,  one 
is  curious  to  know  of  what  it  was  com- 
pounded. R.  B. 

NEWTON. — I  should  be  glad  to  obtain 
any  information  about  the  following 
Newtons,  who  were  educated  at  West- 
minster School :  — 

(1)  Hugh,  admitted  March  28,  1769. 

(2)  James,    admitted   in  January,  1743/4, 
aged  15. 

(3)  John,  admitted  in  June,  1732,  aged  14. 

(4)  William,  admitted  in  November,  1731, 
aged  10.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

ROBERT  BLAKE,  scholar  at  Westminster 
in  or  about  1744,  was  buried  in  the  Cloisters 
of  Westminster  Abbey  in  1754.  What  more 
is  known  of  him  ?  Is  there  any  monument 
or  inscription  to  him  in  the  Abbey  ? 

J.  W.  F. 

PARLIAMENTARY  BLUE  BOOKS,  WHITE 
PAPERS,  &c.— J.  W.  F.'s  inquiry  (12  S. 
iv.  272),  respecting  charitable  institutions 
exempted  from  Land  Tax  under  46  Geo.  III. 
c.  133,  and  the  provision  therein  that  a 
return  giving  particulars  of  such  exemption 
was  to  be  made  to  Parliament,  raises  a  still 
larger  question.  It  is  this.  In  modern 
practice  all  such  "Returns,"  &c.,  are 
purchasable  by  the  public  as  soon  as  issued, 


42 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  V.FBB..  1919. 


but  I  should  like  to  know  whether  they  are 
compulsorily  filed  and  preserved,  and,  if  so, 
where.  M.P.s  must  sometimes,  and  officials 
often  (one  would  suppo.se),  require  to  consult 
them  in  reference  to  proposed  legislation. 

W.  S.  B.  H. 

SIR  JOHN  LOMBE. — Details  invited  con- 
cerning Sir  John  Lombe,  Bart.,  a  gentleman 
apparently  of  great  wealth  during  the 
Napoleonic  wars.  He  enlarged  the  church 
of  St.  Mary  the  Virgin  at  Bylaugh,  in 
Norfolk,  in  1810,  and  employed  Charles 
Barry  to  erect  the  mansion  at  Bylaugh  Park. 
Sir  John  died  May  27,  1817. 

J.  LAND FE AH  LUCAS. 

Glendora,  Elndhead,  Surrey. 
[See  Burke's   'Landed    Gentry,'  s.v.  Lombe  of 
Bylaugh.] 

PBAGELL  FAMILY.  (See  8  S.  ii.  308; 
viii.  315.) — Morant's  'Essex,'  vol.  i.  p.  21, 
states  that  this  family  had  estates  in  West 
Ham  and  Dagenham  in  1553.  There  are 
some  memorials  to  them  in  West  Ham 
Church.  John  Pragell  (died  1590)  is  de- 
scribed as  Governor  of  Berwick  and  Chief 
General  of  H.M.  Queen  Elizabeth's  forces 
in  the  North. 

What  is  the  origin  of  the  name  ?  There 
is  a  river  Pregel  near  Konigsberg,  mentioned 
in  '  Barlasch  of  the  Guard.' 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

SPURS  :  FEATHER-NECKS  AND  ROUGH- 
NECKS.— The  following  passage  occurs  in 
Dr.  Robert  Plot's  *  Natural  History  of 
Staffordshire,'  pub.  1686,  chap.  ix.  §  79. 
Speaking  of  the  number  of  craftsmen  whose 
*'joynt  concurence "  was  required  in  the 
production  of  each  spur,  he  says  :  — 

"  There  is  first  the  Head  or  Spurr-maker  that 
makes  the  body  of  the  Spurr. . .  .and  these  with 
wan-necks,  feather-necks,  rough-necks." 

I  shall  be  glad  if  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
can  furnish  me  with  an  authoritative  ex- 
planation of  the  last  two  terms. 

CHARLES  BEARD. 

"CAMOUFLAGE." — In  a  recent  number  of 
The  Catholic  Federationist  the  Bishop  of 
Salford  writes  :  — 

"  The  one  word  which  more  than  any  other 
has  forced  its  triumphant  way  definitely  into  our 
everyday  speech — as  well  as  into  those  of  other 
nations — is  the  French  term  camouflage.  This 
word — like  the  influenza  epidemic — may  be  said 
to  have  spread  and  sained  universal  citizenship 
in  little  more  than  a  single  week  from  the  time  it 
first  appeared  in  an  American  telegram.  French 
authorities,  like  Littr£  in  his  great  dictionary, 
discuss  learnedly  its  origin.  They  do  not  appear 


to  have  noticed  that  both  the  noun  and  its 
corresponding  verb  (camoufer)  must  almost  cer- 
tainly be  owing  to  the  equivalent  Italian  words 
camuflo  and  camufiare,  with  like  meanings  (said 
by  Italian  scholars  to  be  contracted  from  capo 
niuQare,  '  to  muffle  the  head  ').  We  have  not 
only  adopted  the  noun  camouflage,  but  in  our 
queer  English  way  have  turned  it  into  a  verb, 
and  say  '  to  camouflage  '  a  ship,  a  building,  an 
opinion,  &c." 

What  was  the  American  telegram  to  which 
the  bishop  refers  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

EULER    ON    THE    END    OF    THE    WORLD. — 

Euler  the  mathematician  (1707-83)  is  said 
to  have  predicted  that  the  end  of  the  world 
\vould  take  place  in  a  certain  year.  It  is 
likely  that  some  reference  to  the  statement 
would  be  found  in  the  letters  of  Catherine  II. 
(1729-96)  to  F.  M.  Grimm  (1723-1807). 
Could  a  reader  give  some  precise  informa- 
tion ?  R«  Cr.  H. 

DEACON  IN  LOVE. — From  Cantihipe's 
'  Register,'  p.  58,  we  learn  that  this  chantry, 
in  Kington  parish  church,  Herefordshire,  for 
the  service  of  Our  Lady,  was  well  endowed, 
and  that  Hugh  de  C'habbenor,  Deacon  in 
love,  was  admitted  to  the  said  church  on  the 
presentation  of  the  religious  men.  What  are 
the  origin  and  meaning  of  "  Deacon  in 
love"  ?  ('Hist,  of  Kington,'  1845,  p.  82.) 
Who  was  the  author  of  this  history  ? 

M.A.OxoN. 

AUTHORS  or  QUOTATIONS  WANTED.  —  I  have 
found  the  following  quotations  in  a  manuscript 
written  about  1620,  and  preserved  in  the  library 
of  Trinity  College,  Dublin,  and  am  anxious  to 
know  their  source.  1  have  copied  them  as  they 
appear  in  the  MS.,  but  think  they  are  probably 
misquotations,  as  I  have  found  several  misquotations 
from  Virgil  and  the  Bible  in  the  same  Mb. 

1.  Exemplo  patrum    commotus  amore  legendi  | 
Jecit  ad  Hibernos  Sophia  mirabile  claros. 

2.  Confluxerunt  omni  parte  Europse  in  Hiberniae 
discendi  causa  tanquam  ad  mercatusbonariartmm. 

3.  Flocuerunt  sancti  in  Hibernia  quasi  Stellae  in 
caelo,  et  arenae  in  littore  maris  festus (?) 

It  is  stated  in  the  MS.  that  the  last  two  quota- 
tions are  from  St.  Bernard's  works,  but  I  have 
been  unable  to  find  precisely  where  they  occur. 

GEORGE  0  BRTEN. 

40  Northumberland  Rond,  Dublin. 

4.  Who  is  the  author  of  the  following  lines,  which 
are  found  upon  an  old  picture  ? 

NIGHT. 

Ncm  nature  sleeps.     The  silver  Queen  of  Night 
Wide  o'or  the  landscape  sheds  reflected  light ; 
,cwt>et   thoughts  of   love   th'    enchanting  scenes 

inspire, 
And  ev'ry  bosom  melts  with  soft  desire. 


12  S.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


43 


COL.  A.  R.  MACDONELL'S  DUEL  WITH 
NORMAN   MACLEOD. 

(12  S.  v.  9.) 

IT    is    rather  a    remarkable    circumstance 
that,    with    one   exception,     none    of    th 
standard     works    on    duelling    make    an' 
mention     of    this     affair,    notwithstanding 
the  fact   that   one   of   the    principals    was 
chief  of  an  important  clan,  and  was  triec 
and    acquitted    on    the    charge   of   murder 
No  allusion  to  it  will  be  found  in  Douglas's 
Duelling  Days  in  the  Army,'  in  Steinmetz's 
Romance     of    Duelling,'    or     in   Thimm's 
'  Biography    of    Fencing    and    Duelling ' 
nor  is  it  included   in  a  long  list  of  duels  in 
'  Haydn's  Dictionary  of  Dates,'  or  recorder 
in  the  pages  of   'The  Annual  Register.' 

The  sole  exception,  so  far  as  I  have  bee 
able  to  discover,  is  a  brief  reference  to  the 
incident  in  Sabine's  'Notes  on  Duels  and 
Duelling,'  which,  beyond  stating  that  the 
combat  took  place  in  Scotland,  does  not 
-even  mention  the  date.  This  book  has  long 
been  out  of  print,  and  is  not  to  be  found  even 
in  the  British  Museum  Library.  In  these 
circumstances  I  may  perhaps  be  pardoned  for 
giving  the  particulars  in  some  detail,  as  they 
will  doubtless  be  read  with  interest  by  others 
as  well  as  R.  M.  H. 

In  the  first  place,  the  duel  did  not  take 
place  at  Fort  William,  but  on  the  beach 
between  Fort  George  and  Ardersier,  in  1798  ; 
and  Macdonell  was  tried  for  murder,  not  at 
Inverness,  but  at  Edinburgh,  where  he  was 
remarkably  ably  defended  by  Henry  Erskine, 
the  Lord  Advocate. 

Macdonell  of  Glengarry  was  a  great  friend 
of  Sir  Walter  Scott,  who  is  supposed  to  have 
taken  him  as  a  model  for  Fergus  M'lvor  in 
'Waverley.'  He  was  dictatorial,  violent- 
tempered,  but  generous  and  kind-hearted 
withal.  Scott's  estimate  of  him  will  be 
found  in  his  diary  in  Lockhart's  'Life.' 
However,  to  come  to  his  quarrel  with  Lieut. 
MacLeod  of  the  42nd  Highlanders.  In 
1798,  at  a  military  ball  at  Inverness, 
Macdonell  approached  a  Miss  Forbes  of 
Culloden— afterwards  Mrs.  Duff  of  Muir- 
town — reminding  her  that  she  had  promised 
him  the  last  country  dance.  She  had  no 
recollection  of  such  promise,  and  told  the 
-colonel  that  she  was  engaged  for  it  to  another 
man.  Macdonell,  however,  was  not  dis- 
posed to  yield,  and  continued  to  press  his 


claim,  when  Lieut.  MacLeod,  who  was 
sitting  by  Miss  Forbes,  remarked,  "  Why  do 
you  tease  the  lady  ?  Can't  you  allow  her 
to  choose  for  herself  ?  "  On  that  Macdonell 
transferred  his  attention  to  MacLeod.  Later 
in  the  evening,  in  the  messroom  of  the  79th, 
high  words  passed  between  them,  which 
ended  by  Macdonell  striking  MacLeod  over 
the  head  with  his  cane  and  kicking  him. 
MacLeod,  who  was  a  grandson  of  Flora 
MacDonald,  and  quite  a  youth  at  the  time, 
promptly  drew  his  dirk,  but  before  he  could 
retaliate  they  were  separated.  A  challenge 
of  course  followed.  At  the  first  shot  Mac- 
Leod fell,  and  died  a  few  days  later. 
Macdonell  had  offered  to  apologize,  but 
MacLeod  refused  to  accept  it  unless  the 
chief  consented  to  give  up  the  cane  with 
which  he  had.  struck  him,  to  be  used  as 
MacLeod  thought  fit.  To  this  condition 
Macdonell  declined  to  assent.  He  was  tried 
for  murder  at  Edinburgh,  and  only  the  skill 
and  eloquence  of  his  counsel,'  Erskine, 
secured  his  acquittal,  though  the  jury  added 
a  rider  to  their  verdict  highly  disapproving  of 
Macdonell's  conduct  at  the  "beginning  of  the 
affair. 

What  Henry  Erskine  thought  of  Mac- 
donell may  be  judged  by  the  fact  that  he 
refused  to  accept  an  invitation  to  a  banquet 
given  by  the  chief's  friends  in  honour  of  his 
acquittal,  on  the  ground  that  "  his  admira- 
ion  of  the  part  played  by  his  client  in  the 
ate  tragedy  was  not  sufficiently  strong  to 
admit  of  his  being  present." 

WlLLOTJGHBY   MAYCOCK. 

Col.  Macdonell's  duel  is  briefly  mentioned 
n  Mackenzie's  '  History  of  the  Macdonalds,' 
>.  358,  and  in  '  The  Clan  Donald,'  by  the 
ilev.  A.  Macdonald,  vol.  ii.  p.  484.  A  full 
eport  appears  in  The  Scots  Magazine  for 
.798,  pp.  646  seq.  The  trial  took  place  on 
Aug.  7,  1798,  at  Edinburgh  (not  Inverness, 
as  stated  by  Mackenzie),  before  Lord 
SCskgrove  and  a  jury.  Lord  Advocate 
Robert  Dundas  appeared  for  the  Crovi n,  and 
he  Hon.  Henry  Erskine  was  leading  counsel 
or  the  panel.  The  indictment  -was  for  the 
nurder  of  Lieut.  Norman  Macleod  of  the 
2nd  Regiment  by  shooting  him  with  a 
istol  in  a  duel  near  Fort  George  on  May  3, 
798.  Macleod  died  of  the  wound  on 
une  3. 

Mrs.  Duff  (formerly  Miss  Forbes  of 
iulloden)  gave  evidence  that  she  was  at  a 
all  at  Inverness  on  May  1,  that  she  was 
ngaged  to  dance  a  particular  dance  with  a 
[r.  Ranald  M'Donald,  and  that  Glengarry 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12!S.  V.FEB,  I9J9. 


(A.  R.  Macdonell)  claimed  the  dance.  She 
finally  said  she  would  dance  with  neither  of 
them.  Macleod,  who  was  standing  near, 
told  Glengarry  not  to  tease  her,  and  she 
danced  with  him  and  then  left  the  ball. 

Other  witnesses  deponed  that  Glengarry 
and  Macleod  then  met  in  the  messroom  of 
the  79th  Regiment,  and  in  the  course  of  a 
quarrel  Glengarry  struck  Macleod  with  a 
stick  and  kicked  him.  Macleod  immediately 
sent  a  challenge  to  Glengarry  ;  and  when 
the  parties  met,  Glengarry's  seconds  offered 
an  apology,  which  Macleod  refused  to  accept, 
as  Glengarry  would  not  hand  over  the  stick 
with  which  he  had  struck  him.  Glengarry's 
ball  passed  through  Macleod' s  right  armpit 
into  his  back.  The  wound  was  thought  at 
the  time  not  to  be  serious  ;  the  principals 
shook  hands,  and  mutually  apologized. 
The  jury  returned  a  verdict  of  "  not  guilty," 
and  expressly  stated  that  they  based  their 
verdict  on  the  fact  that  Glengarry  had  offered 
an  apology  before  the  duel. 

JOHN  A.  INGLIS. 

[G.  thanked  for  reply.] 


HAMPSHIRE    CHURCH    BELLS. 

(12  S.  iv.   188,  341.) 

MUCH  speculative  interest  has  been  aroused 
in  the  minds  of  many  campanologists  by  the 
mystery  which  still  shrouds  the  personality 
of  two  bell -founders  whose  initials,  "  R.  B." 
and  "I.  H.,"  appear  inscribed  on  many 
Hampshire  bells.  The  queries  arise,  Who' 
were  they,  and  where  were  their  foundries 
located  ? 

The  writer  of  the  all  too  brief  notes  on 
Hampshire  church  bells  in  the  Victoria 
County  History  alludes  to  R.  B.  as  "  an 
unknown  founder  "  or  "a  founder  R.  B.," 
and  to  a  bell  as  "  having  the  founder's 
initials  R.  B."  There  are  some  twenty-three 
bells  in  the  county  cast  by  this  founder  in  the 
interval  1595-1622,  seven  of  the  series  being 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight. 

The  simple  epigraph  "  God  be  our  guyd  " 
is  inscribed  on  eight  of  the  bells,  "  Geve  God 
the  glory  "  on  three,  "  In  God  is  my  hope  " 
on  a  like  number  ;  "  Geve  thanks  to  God  " 
appears  on  two,  whilst  "  Love  God  "  and 
"  I  live  in  hope  "  are  inscribed  on  single  bells. 
The  remaining  five  have  the  initials  with  the 
date  of  casting  only. 

Another  R.  B.,  but  not  a  church  bell,  is 
located  in  the  westernmost  of  the  six  em- 
brasures on  the  south  side  of  the  ancient 


Bargate  at  Southampton.  The  bell  is 
referred  to  by  the  Rev.  Silvester  Davies  in 
his  history  of  that  town  as 

"  one  of  three  or  four  bells  at  different  stations, 
which  answered  one  another  in  ringing  the 
watches  or  sounding  alarms.  The  present  boll 
bears  the  inscription  '  In  God  is  my  hope  B.  B.,* 
with  the  date  1605." 

Mr.  H.  B.  Walters,  'Church  Bells  of 
England'  (1912),  writes,  on  p.  220:  — 

"  The  post-Reformation  foundries  in  Sussex 
and  Hants  are  of  little  importance.  Many  bells 
in  Hants,  between  1571  and  1624,  bear  the  initials, 
of  an  unknown  '  B.  B.,'  and  others,  between  1616 
and  1652.  those  of  I.  H." 

He  adds  :  "  Both  men  were  probably  resident 
at  Winchester  or  Southampton." 

From  the  dates  an  inference  may  be 
drawn  that  two  distinct  series  of  bells  have 
been  cast  by  founders  whose  identity  has  been 
hidden  under  the  R.  B.  initials  ;  indeed,  such 
would  almost  seem  to  have  been  the  case. 
Dr.  Amherst  D.  Tyssen,  '  Church  Bells  of 
Sussex  '  (ed.  1915),  writes  :  — 

"  The  early  Elizabethan  bells  are  still  involved 
in  mystery. ..  .nor  do  we  know  what  name  is. 
indicated  by  the  initials  B.  B.  which  occur  on  five 
bells  in  Sussex,  dated  1571  and  1572.  Mr.  Cocks 
('  Bucks,'  p.  195)  and  Mr.  North  ('  Butland,* 
p.  48)  give  an  account  of  a  bell-founder  named 
Bichard  Benetly  or  Bentley,  who  was  living  at 
this  time  ;  but  his  work  is  very  different  from  the 
B.  B.  bells  of  Sussex.  I  have  notes  of  nine  bells, 
in  the  south  of  Hampshire,  and  six  more  in  the 
Isle  of  Wight,  ranging  from  1598  to  1614,  bearing 
the  initials  of  B.  B.,  but  these  have  fuller  inscrip- 
tions than  our  Sussex  B.  B.  bells,  besides  being; 
somewhat  later." 

Mr.  North,  '  Church  Bells  of  Northampton- 
shire '  (1878),  also  alludes  to  Richard 
Benetlye  : — 

"  At  Passenham  hangs  a  bell — the  fourth — 
inscribed  : — 

-f  A  +  TRVSTY  +  FRENDE  -f  IS  +  H  ARDE  -f  TO  -f  FYNDB 

+  1585. 

The  initial  cross  [fig.  given]  is  also  placed  as  a  stop 
between  each  word.  The  founder  of  this  bell  I 
trace  by  the  same  initial  cross  and  form  of  letter — 
which  is  a  large  semi-Gothic-Boman  one — being- 
found  upon  the  third  ^bell  at  Seaton,  Butland^ 
which  is  inscribed  : — 

-f RYECHARDE    BENETLYE    BELLFOVNDDER 

It  is  worthy  of  notice,"  Mr.  North  adds,  "  how 
these  bells  help  to  explain  each  other  :  the  one 
gives  the  founder's  name,  the  other  his  date.. 
The  location  of  his  foundry  has  still  to  be  learned.'* 

Mr.  H.  B.  Walters,  'Church  Bells  of 
England'  (1912),  in  the  chapter  on  'Post- 
Reformation  Foundries '  refers  to  one  at 
Colchester,  and  names  Richard  Bowler,  the- 
originator  of  the  foundry,  as  casting  bells 
there  between  158?  and  1604 — a  man  of  some 
artistic  taste  who  used  ornamental  Gothia 


12  8.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


45 


letters  and  decorative  borders.     His  bells, 
however,  are  found  only  in  Suffolk,  Essex, 
No  bells  cast  by  him  ar 
"  It  will  be  noticed  tha 
the  inscriptions  on  his  bells  differ  from  those 

/»     T"k         T>    5  * 


and  Cambridge, 
found  in  Hants. 


of  R.  B. 

In  a   paper  read   before  the  Hampshire 
Field    Club    in    the    autumn    of    1892,    and 
Tevised   by   the   author   in    1901,    the   Rev 
G.  E.  Jeans,  Vicar  of  Shorwell,  refers  to  two 
R.  B.  bells  in  the  tower  of  St.  Peter's  Church 
there,  and — in  a  parenthesis — says  :  "  R.  B 
is    Robert    Bond,    a    bell -founder    at    Win 
Chester."     The  learned  vicar,  in  replying  to 
a  query  of  mine  in  November,  1918,  writes  : — 

"  I  think  indications  strongly  point  to  the 
Bonds  having  a  foundry  at  Winchester.  In 
North's  '  Church  Bells  of  Lincolnshire  '  (p.  141) 
you  will  find  that  the  priest's  small  bell  at  Bin- 
"brook  St.  Mary  and  the  one  bell  at  Croxby  have 
•^"  W.  ^*  North  says  he  does  not  know  this 
founder.  The  W  I  suppose  is  for  Winchester. 

Between  the  R  and  the  B,  and  above  the 
W,  is  a  bell. 

Further  references  to  the  Bond  family  are 
iound  in  Mr.  Percy  G.  Stone's  *  Architectural 
Antiquities  in  the  Isle  of  Wight.'  In  com- 
menting on  a  bell  at  Newchurch,  cast  by 
Anthony  Bond  in  1626,  he  adds  in  a  foot- 
note :— 

"  The  family  of  Bond  were  bell -founders  in  the 
first  half  of  the  seventeenth  century,  and  bells 
made  by  them  exist  in  many  of  the  churches 
t>oth  on  the  Hampshire  mainland  and  in  the  Isle 
of  Wight." 

Referring  to  the  second  (now  the  tenor)  bell 
at  Chale  Church,  Mr.  Stone  writes :  "A 
seventeenth -century  bell  from  the  Bonds' 
foundry  has  round  it  the  lettering  :  ANTHONY  . 

BOND    .    MADE    .    ME    .    1628   .    W.B    .    RT."       In 

alluding  to  a  bell  located  at  Brading,  Mr. 
Stone  states  : 
on  bells  with 


The  initials  'A.  W.'  appear 
R.  B.,'  as  in  the  church  of 
St.  John  Baptist,  Winchester."  The  Salis- 
bury foundry,  he  adds,  generally  produced 
short  religious  mottoes  such  as  "  Prais  the 
Lord,"  found  on  the  Brading  bell.  Lukis, 
*  Bell  Inscriptions,'  p.  76,  gives  the  inscrip- 
tion on  the  Winchester  bell — the  fourth  bell 
• — GOD  is  MY  HOPE  B.B.  1606,  and,  following 
the  date,  A.  W  :  I.  W.  (The  initials  after 
the  date  may  refer  to  the  wardens.) 

Dr.  Amherst  D.  Tyssen  likewise  alludes  to 
the  Brading  bell  and  the  A.  W.  initials  in  his 
'  Sussex  Church  Bells  '  : — 

"  The  initials  A.  W.  on  eight  bells  in  Sussex 
stand  for  Anthony  Wakefield,  a  bell-founder  at 
»Chichester,  who  was  casting  bells  in  1694-1605. 
His  Sussex  bells  have  the  epigraph  PRAIS  THE 
XORD  with  the  date  inscribed  on  three,  and  PRAIS 
-•GOD  on  four  of  the  series.  Anthony  Wakefield 


may  be  credited  with  the  fourth  bell  at  Brading, 
in  the  Isle  of  Wight,  which  bears  PR  is  THE  LORD 
1694,  and  the  initials  A.  W.  with  many  other 
initials. 

"  In  the  latter  part  of  the  sixteenth  and  first 
half  of  the  seventeenth  centuries,  much  of  the 
work  in  Hants  and  Sussex  was  done  by  itinerant 
founders.  In  South  Hants  and  Dorset  we  find 
bells  by  Anthony  Bond  (1615-1636)." 

In  Hampshire  the  Anthony  Bond  bells  are 
few  in  number.  One  of  1623  date  is  at  North 
Stoneham  ;  and  four  (of  the  peal  of  five)  at 
St.  Lawrence,  Winchester,  were  cast  by  him 
in  1621.  Two  of  his  bells  located  in  the 
Isle  of  Wight  have  already  been  commented 
on.  The  epigraphs  on  his  bells  are  in 
striking  contrast  to  the  short  devotional 
inscriptions  on  the  R.  B.  bells. 

Canon  Raven,  *  The  Bells  of  England,' 
writes  : — 

"  Anthony  Bond  recast  the  great  tenor  at 
Wimborne  Minster,  Dorset,  in  1629,  placing  on  it 
his  monogram  PER  A.B  ANNO  DOMINI  1629,  and 
after  the  churchwardens'  names  a  shield  bearing 
a  chevron  and  three  mullets  " — 

a  founder's  mark  not  discovered  on  any  other 


bells  cast  by  him. 

In  reply  to  a  query,  Mr.  A.  Heneage  Cocks 
wrote  in  May,  1918  :  — 

I  can  add  nothing  further  concerning  the 
identity  or  locality  of  R.  B.  I  have  again  men- 
tioned him  in  both  my  papers  on  local  bell- 
foundries  in  the  Victoria  History  of  Bucks  and 
Berks. ..  .Mr.  Walters  is  the  best  chance,  but  I 
have  looked  up  his  '  Essex  Bells,'  and  R.  B.  is 
not  mentioned  there.  As  to  the  foundries, 
Salisbury  and  Winchester  are  likely  guesses,  but, 
so  far  as  I  know,  are  merely  guesses.  I  am  rather 
a  believer  in  geographical  distribution  for  spotting 
early  bells  and  even  as  late  as  R.  B.  If  you  take 
;he  centre  of  the  sixteen  bells  you  know  of  in  the 
county,  and  find  it  is  near  either  of  those  cities, 
-hough  it  will  not  prove  the  point,  it  will  certainly 
carry  weight :  or  it  may  point  to  some  smaller 
place  where  there  was  a  foundry." 

On  another  occasion  Mr.  Cocks  remarked  :  — 
"  I  did  a  good  deal  of  hunting  into  the  Winches- 
ter archives  in  pursuit  of  bell -foundries,  but  quite 
unsuccessfully ....  I  am  not  aware  that  any  one 
has  done  Salisbury." 

In  regard  to  the  possibility  of  the  foundry 
being  located  at  Salisbury,  Lukis,  in  his 
'  Wiltshire  Bell  Inscriptions,'  pp.  99-130, 
mentions  no  bell  of  the  729  in  that  county 
as  being  cast  by  either  R.  B.  or  Anthony 
Bond. 

Dr.  Tyssen  wrote  to  me  recently  concern- 
ing the  former  : — 

"  I  see  no  grounds  for  connecting  R.  B.  with 
Anthony  Bond.  The  latter  was  an  itinerant  bell- 
founder  from  London,  and  the  fact  of  the  Chale 
bell  having,  according  to  oral  tradition,  been  cast 
locally,  strengthens  the  supposition." 


46 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  FEB.,  1919. 


"  Having  regard  to  the  wide  geographical 
distribution  of  bells  marked  with  the  R.  B. 
initials,"  my  friend  Mr.  W.  J.  Parkinson 
Smith  remarks  that  "  to  have  cast  bells  so 
far  distant,  and  in  so  many  counties,  one 
naturally  conjectures  that  the  foundry  of 
Bond  must  have  been  widely  known." 

In  conclusion,  no  documentary  evidence 
has  so  far  been  cited  to  support  the  conjecture 
of  family  relationship  or  of  business  associa- 
tions existing  between  R.  B.  and  Anthony 
Bond,  beyond  the  continuity  in  dates,  the 
R.  B.  bells  covering  the  period  from  1595  to 
1614,  and  those  cast  by  Anthony  Bond  from 
1615  to  1629. 

Respecting  the  other  unidentified  bell- 
founder,  "I.  H.,"  whose  initials  are  found 
on  some  seventeen  bells  in  Hampshire,  the 
writer  of  the  notes  on  Hampshire  church 
bells  alludes  to  the  bells  as  inscribed  with 
"  the  founder's  initials  I.  H.,"  or  "  by  an 
uncertain  founder  I.  H.,  whose  bells  are 
common  in  the  district,"  and  "  by  the 
unidentified  founder  I.  H.  (possibly  John 
Higden)."  These  bells  range  over  the  period 
1610—52.  One  of  the  earliest  cast  by  him  is 
the  tenor,  dated  1610,  at  Hinton  Ampner, 
Hants  ;  possibly  his  latest,  of  1652,  is  located 
at  Bursledon  in  the  same  county. 

Mr.  Walters  in  his  '  Bells  of  England ' 
(1912),  referring  to  this  unknown  founder, 
conjectures  the  initials  may  be  those  of  John 
Higden,  foreman  to  Joseph  Carter,  a  success- 
ful bell-founder  at  Reading  (1578-1606). 
In  his  will,  bearing  date  1609,  Carter  refers 
to  John  Higden  as  "  his  servant,"  leaving 
him  a  small  legacy. 

It  is  probable  that  Higden  set  up  a  foundry 
in  Hants,  possibly  at  Winchester  or  South 
ampton.     By    some    means     or     other    he 
obtained  possession  (or  at  least  had  the  use 
of  many  ancient  letters  and  stamps  used  bj 
Carter.     His    inscriptions    are    generally    in 
black-letter,  but  other  lettering  is  used.     A 
Martyr  Worthy  the  second  bell,  of  date  1632 
has  the  legend   "  In  God  is  my  hope  "   in 
small  black  letters,  while  the  tenor  bell,  o 
1631,    has    the    same    epigraph    in    Gothi 
capitals.     Higden  was  fond  of  reproducing 
mediaeval  stamps  such  as  the  Wokingham 
"  R.  L."  shield,  as,  for  instance,  on  the  fiftl 
bell  at  Owslebury,  of  date  1622.     Thirteen 
of  Higden' s  bells  bear  the  epigraph  "  In  Go( 
is  my  hope  "  ;    on  two  "  God  be  our  guyd  ' 
is  inscribed  ;    while  two  of   1615  and   165 
have  merely  the  initials  and  date  of  casting 

JOHN  L.  WHITEHEAD. 

Ventnor. 


CHRISTMAS   VERSES  AT  SHEFFIELD*. 
(12  S.  iv.  324.) 

IY  note  in  *  N.  &  Q.'  for  December  last  has 
>rought  me  two  interesting  letters  from 
;entlemen  whose  acquaintance  with  Sheffield 
ustoms  goes  back  much  further  than  mine. 
Mr.  George  Denton,  of  6  Riverdale  Road,, 
Sheffield,  writes : — 

"  The  lines  you  quote  are,  I  think,  a  mixture 
f  two  old  songs — one  a  Christmas  song,  the  other 
,  New  Year  or  Wassail  song.  As  I  remember 
hem  when  I  was  a  boy,  they  were  quite  distinct, 
t  of  the  lines  you  quote  are  quite  familiar  to 
me,  though  some  are  not.  I  do  not  think  that 

Plenty  of  money  and  nothing  to  fear 
and 

Ladies  and  gentlemen  who  sit  at  your  ease 
>elong  to  the  version   I  remember. 

"  Of  the  Christmas  song,  I  only  recall  the  first 
erse  : — 
!  wish  you  a  merry  Christmas  and  a  happy  New 

Year, 

A  pocket  full  of  money  and  a  cellar  full  of  beer. 
An  apple,  a  pear,  a  plum,  and  a  cherry, 
And  a  sup  of  good  ale  to  make  a  man  merry. 
1  The  New  Year  song  I  remember  better  : — 

1. 
We've  been  a  while  a-wandering 

Among  the  fields  so  green, 
And  now  we've  come  a-wassailing 

As  plainly  to  be  seen. 
Our  jolly  wassail,  our  jolly  wassail ! 
Love  and  joy  come  to  you,  and  to  our  wassail  too- 
far  "  boo  "=bough), 

And  God  bless  you  and  send  you  a  happy  New 
Year. 

A  New  Year  I   a  New  Year  1 
God  bless  you  and  send  you  a  happy  New  Year  I 
Pray  God  send  you  (repeated  three  tones) 
A  happy  New  Year  ! 

2. 

We're  not  the  daily  beggars 

That  beg  from  door  to  door ; 

We  are  your  neighbours'  children 

Whom  you  have  seen  before. 

(Chorus)  Our  jolly  wassail,  &c. 

3. 
We've  got  a  little  purse 

All  made  of  rabbit  skin, 
And  we  want  a  little  sixpence 
To  line  it  well  within. 
(Chorus.) 

4. 
Bring  us  out  the  table, 

Bring  us  out  the  cloth, 
Bring  us  out  the  bread  and  cheese 
For  our  Christmas  box  ! 
(Chorus.) 

5. 
God  bless  the  master  of  this  house, 

And  bless  the  mistress  too  ! 
God  bless  the  little  children 

That  round  the  table  go  1  ? 

(Chorus.) 


12  8.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


47 


"  I  remember  the  tune,  a  very  simple  one,  and 
I  think  I  could  transcribe  it  if  you  care  to  have  it. 

"  The  modern  boy  has  in  Sheffield,  at  any  rate, 
forgotten  the  air,  and  more  of  the  words.  His 
version  of  the  refrain  runs  like  this  : — 
Aar  Johnny  Wesley — aar  Johnny  Wesley, 
Luv  and  joy  kum  to  you  and  to  aar  Wesley  too, 
An*  God  bless  you  and  send  you  a  'appy  Noo  Year 

"  There  is  a  version  of  this  song  in  '  A  Garland 
of  Christmas  Carols,'  edited  by  Joshua  Sylvester, 
and  published  in  1861.  This  is  also  given  in 
Chambers's  '  Book  of  Days,'  and  was  printed  by 
'  N.  &  Q.'  in  an  early  number." 

The  Rev.  Carus  Vale  Collier,  of  Langton 
Rectory,  Malton,  Yorks,  writes  : — 

"  Your  note  in  'IS.  &  Q.'  relating  to  the  words 
spoken  by  Sheffield  children  at  Christmastime 
interested  me  very  much,  and  I  am  pleased  to 
see  that  they  still  keep  up  the  custom.  No 
children  in  this  part  seem  to  come  at  all  at 
Christmastime  with  their  greetings.  I  enclose 
three  versions  of  Sheffield  greetings  of  about  1870. 
I  wrote  them  down  many  years  ago.  One  version 
is  spoken,  the  other  two  sung  to  quite  nice  old 
tunes.  When  I  was  a  boy  at  home  in  Sheffield 
tho  first  boy  that  came  to  the  house  on  Christmas 
morning  was  asked  to  come  inside,  stand  at  the 
bottom  of  the  stairs,  and  shout  or  sing  his 
greeting  as  loud  as  he  could.  He  then  was  given 
some  piece  of  money  as  a  Christmas  box. 

"  The  words  of  one  song  were  as  follows  : — 

We  wish  a  merrv  Christmas, 
A  happy  New  Year, 
A  pocket  full  o'  money 
And  a  cellar  full  o'  beer. 
Pray  God  bless  you, 
Pray  God  bless  you, 
Pray  God  bless  you, 

Pray  God  send  you  a  happy  New  Year ! 
We've  been  awhile  a-wandering 

Among  the  leaves  so  green, 
But  now  we've  come  a-wassailing, 
A  penny  to  be  seen. 

Pray  God  bless  you,  &c. 

We  are  not  daily  beggars 

That  beg  from  door  to  door ; 
We  are  your  neighbours'  children 

Whom  you  have  seen  before. 
Pray  God  bless  you,  &c. 

The  road  is  very  dirty, 

Our  shoes  are  very  thin  ; 
We  have  a  little  pocket 

To  put  a  penny  in. 

Pray  God  bless  you,  &c. 

"  The  other  song  ran  : — 
Our  jolly  wassail, 
Our  jolly  wassail  ! 
Love  and  joy  come  to  you, 
And  to  our  wassail  bow  (or  bowl). 
Pray  God  bless  you, 
And  send  you  a  happy  New  Year  ! 

A  New  Year  ! 

A  New  Year  ! 

I've  been  a  while  a-wandering 

Among  the  leaves  so  green, 
But  now  I've  come  a-wassailing, 

A  penny  to  be  seen. 


Bring  us  out  the  table, 

Bring  us  out  the  cloth, 
Bring  us  out  the  bread  and  cheese 

All  for  a  Christmas  box  I 

I  have  a  little  purse 

Lined  with  leather  skin, 
And  I  want  a  little  sixpence 

To  line  it  well  within. 
Our  jolly  wassail, 
Our  jolly  wassail  ! 
Love  and  joy  come  to  you, 
And  to  our  wassail  bow  ! 
Pray  God  bless  you, 
And  send  you  a  happy  New  Year. 

11  Before   I   left   Sheffield   in    1892    •  Our   jolly 
wassail  '  had  become  '  Our  Johnny  Wesley.' 

"  The  following  greeting  was  spoken  : — 
I  wish  a  merry  Christmas,  a  happy  New  Year, 
A  pocket  full  o'  money  and  a  cellar  full  6'  beer, 
An  apple  and  a  pear,  a  plum  and  a  cherry, 
A  sup  o'  good  ale  to  make  a  man  merry. 
God  bless  the  master  of  this  house,  the  missis  also,. 
Likewise  the  little  children  that  round  the  table  go- 
I  neither  come  to  your  house  to  beg  nor  to  borrow,. 
Btit  I  come  to  your  house  to  drive  away  all  sorrow., 
A  horse  and  a  gig,  and  a  good  fat  pig 
To  kill  next  year. 

Sometimes  was  added  : — 

Ladies  and  gentlemen,  sit  down  at  your  ease. 

Put  your  hands  in  your  pockets  and  give  what 

you  please." 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 

Sheffield. 


NAPOLEON  AND  LORD  JOHN  RUSSELL. 
(12  S.  v.  12).— MR.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS  will 
find  a  full  account  of  Lord  John  Russell's 
visit  to  Napoleon  at  Elba  in  Spencer 
Walpole's  Life  of  that  statesman,  published, 
in  1889.  The  visit  would  appear  to  have 
been  of  an  entirely  private  and  unofficial 
character.  Lord  John  was  travelling  in 
Italy,  and,  being  at  Leghorn,  crossed  over  to 
Elba  and  spent  a  couple  of  days  at  Porto 
Ferrajo.  He  visited  Napoleon's  palace  ak 
8  in  the  evening  of  Dec.  24,  1814,  and 
remained  about  an  hour  and  a  half  with  the- 
Emperor.  He  made  a  long  entry  in  his 
diary  the  following  day,  consisting  in  the 
main  of  a  description  of  the  Emperor's 
personal  appearance  and  manners.  More- 
than  fifty  years  afterwards  (viz.,  in  Novem- 
ber, 1868)  Lord  John  wrote  to  Mr.  Van  de 
Weyer  an  account  (which  was  privately 
printed)  of  his  interview  with  Napoleon. 
They  conversed  on  many  subjects — the 
Russell  family,  Lord  John's  own  allowance 
from  the  Duke  of  Bedford,  the  state  of  Spain, 
and  Italy,  the  character  of  the  Duke  of 
Wellington,  and.  the  arrangements  likely  to- 
be  made  at  Vienna  for  the  pacification  of 
Europe.  Lord  John  in  his  old  age  u&ed  to* 
say  that  as  the  Emperor  became  interested 


48 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  a.  V.  FEB.,  1919. 


in  his  conversation,  he  fell  into  the  singular 
habit  which  he  had  acquired,  and  pulled  him 
by  the  ear. 

After  his  brief  stay  in  Elba  Lord  John 
continued  his  tour  to  Civita  Vecchia  and 
Rome.  WILLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

Lord  John  Russell  went  to  Italy  in 
December,  1814,  for  the  sake  of  his  health. 
Being  there,  he  was  doubtless  attracted  to 
Elba  by  a  young  man's  curiosity.  I  believe 
that  the  fullest  account  of  his  interview  with 
Napoleon  will  be  found  in  Mr.  Stuart  J. 
Reid's  'Lord  John  Russell,'  1895,  p.  28 
("The  Prime  Ministers  of  Queen  Victoria" 
series).  DAVID  SALMON. 

Swansea. 

[MB.  W.  A.  HUTCHISON  and  MR.  A.  S.  WHIT- 
FIELD  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

"SONS  OF  ICHWE  "  (12  S.  iv.  216).— Is 
not  "  Sons  of  Ichwe  "  in  Prince  Lichnow- 
sky's  memoirs  a  misprint  for  sons  of  Jahveh 
or  lahve,  the  modern  way  of  writing 
Jehovah  ?  The  explanation  of  the  reference 
is  to  be  found  in  Prof.  Cramb's  lectures  on 
*  Germany  and  England,'  which  attracted  so 
much  attention  at  the  beginning  of  the 
War.  In  describing  "  the  faith  of  Young 
Germany  in  1913  "  he  quotes  a  passage  from 
Nietzsche  which  ends  thus  :  "  Blessed  are 
the  war-makers,  for  they  shall  be  called,  if 
not  the  children  of  Jahve,  the  children  of 
Odin,  who  is  greater  than  Jahve."  What 
the  Prince  evidently  meant  was  that  the 
future  of  the  world  is  not  with  the  war- 
makers,  the  children  of  Odin,  but  with  the 
children  of  Jahve,  the  God  of  righteousness 
and  peace — a  prediction  which  recent  events 
have  proved  is  likely  to  come  true. 

E.  MONTEITH  MACPHAIL. 

Madras. 

DEVILS  BLOWING  HORNS  OB  TRUMPETS 
(12  S.  iv.  134,  201,  308).— In  the  course  of 
his  most  interesting  and  valuable  reply 
H.  C.  raises  two  points  which  call  for  par- 
ticular comment. 

The  first  is  whether  Betton  &  Evans's 
copy  of  the  original  glazing  of  Winchester 
College  Chapel  can  be  relied  upon.  I  am  of 
opinion  that,  on  the  whole,  it  can  be,  and 
that  it  is  really  a  painstaking  and  careful 
copy  (for  its  date,  1822-8)  of  the  original. 

The  removal  and  destruction  of  Wyke- 
ham's  splendid  glass,  followed  by  the  sub- 
stitution of  a  modern  copy,  was,  of  course, 
absolutely  indefensible,  but  it  seems  to 
have  been  Messrs.  Betton  &  Evans's  idea  of 
restoration.  The  same  firm  "restored" 
the  east  window  of  Ludlow  Church,  the  glass 


of  which,  representing  the  life  and  martyr- 
dom of  St.  Laurence,  was  given  by  Bishop 
Spoford  of  Hereford  about  144f>  (see  '  Ancient 
Painted  Glass  in  England,'  by  Dr.  Philip 
Nelson).  The  "  restoration "  was  carried 
out  in  much  the  same  manner  as  at  Win- 
chester, with  the  result  that  very  little  of  the 
original  glass  remains. 

The  present  glazing  of  Winchester  College 
Chapel  retains  so  many  typically  mediaeval 
ideas  that  it  is  impossible  not  to  believe 
that  Betton  &  Evans  made  a  close  copy  of 
the  glass  they  were  supposed  to  restore. 
Archaeological  knowledge  was  at  a  low  ebb 
in  the  early  nineteenth  century,  and  it  is 
difficult  to  think  that  some  of  the  details 
of  costume  and  armour  (such  as  the  camel's 
skull  attached  to  the  robe  of  St.  John 
Baptist,  the  various  ecclesiastical  vestments 
of  the  bishops  and  deacons,  the  demon 
blowing  a  horn,  and  the  pilgrim's  robe  or 
"  slavyn "  worn  by  St.  James  the  Great, 
to  quote  but  a  few  instances)  could  have 
been  intimately  known  to  the  glass-painters 
of  that  period.  It  is  true  that  the  general 
details  of  the  Winchester  '  Last  Judgment ' 
agree  more  or  less  closely  with  others  both 
of  this  and  of  a  later  period.  The  yawning 
hellmouth,  shown  here  as  blue  with  a  red 
eye,  may  be  compared  with  those  in  the 
wall  paintings  at  South  Leigh,  Oxfordshire, 
and  at  St.  Thomas's  Church,  Salisbury ; 
also  with  that  depicted  in  the  panel  painting 
at  Wenhaston  Church,  Suffolk.  It  is  in- 
teresting to  note  that  the  last-named 
example  has  a  similar  detail  to  that  at 
Winchester  College,  namely,  a  demon  seated 
upon  the  upper  lip,  blowing  upon  a  trumpet- 
like  instrument. 

The  second  point  of  interest — whether 
most,  if  not  all,  of  the  souls  depicted  in  the 
Winchester  College  '  Last  Judgment '  were 
intended  to  represent  particular  personages 
— is  more  open  to  question.  Figures  of 
kings,  bishops,  and  Popes,  among  both  the 
saved  and  the  lost,  are  to  be  found  in 
practically  every  mediaeval  representation 
of  this  subject.  They  are  simply  accessory 
details.  The  artist  wished  to  show  that  no 
evildoer,  however  high  he  or  she  might 
rank  in  this  world,  could  hope  to  escape 
God's  final  judgment  and  punishment  in 
the  life  to  come.  Hence  certain  figures  are 
distinguished  by  their  headgear — the  only 
thing  about  them  by  which  they  can  be 
identified.  Examples  of  these  representa- 
tions of  kings  and  ecclesiastics  may  be  cited 
indefinitely  ;  a  few  will  suffice  here. 

At  Fairford,  in  the  great  west  window 
which  contains  perhaps  the  finest  repre- 


S.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


49 


sentation  of  a  Last  Judgment  in  English 
mediaeval  art,  the  figures  of  a  Pope,  two 
kings,  and  a  monk  may  be  noted  among  the 
saved. 

At  Ticehurst  in  Sussex  are  some  remains 
of  a  Judgment  window,  circa  1460,  in- 
cluding 

"  a  cart  filled  with  the  damned  to  the  number 
o  ften  :  one  wears  a  conical  tiara  ;  another  is 
crowned,  drawn  along  by  an  apelike  fiend,  whilst 
another  fiend  of  evil  aspect  assists  by  pushing 
behind  ;  to  left  of  this  is  a  group  of  four  figures 
rising  from  the  grave,  one  of  whom  is  tonsured, 
and  at  whom  a  third  devil  leers." — Nelson, 
'  Ancient  Painted  Glass  in  England,'  p.  199. 

Again,  in  the  wall  paintings  formerly  in 
the  church  of  St.  John-in-the-Soke,  Win- 
chester, was  one  depicting  the  General 
Resurrection  and  Last  Judgment,  wherein 
the  figures  of  two  bishops,  a  king,  and  a 
queen  are  included,  together  with  other 
figures  of  no  indicated  rank ;  whilst  the 
Wenhaston  Doom  panel  before  referred  to 
depicts  a  king,  a  bishop,  and  a  cardinal 
amongst  the  saved  souls.  In  none  of  the 
above-mentioned  instances  is  there  the 
slightest  indication  that  the  artist  intended 
to  portray  any  particular  personage. 

There  are,  however,  two  instances  wherein 
a  mediaeval  artist  seems  to  have  had  some 
particular  evildoer  in  his  mind.  The  first 
and  more  noteworthy  example  appears  in 
the  much  -  restored  fifteenth  -  century  wall 
painting  of  the  Last  Judgment  in  St. 
Thomas's  Church,  Salisbury.  Amongst  the 
figures  of  the  lost  is  one  of  a  woman  wearing 
a  butterfly  headdress,  and  clad  in  red, 
holding  out  a  pewter  pot  or  black-jack,  and 
being  carried  or  supported  by  a  hideous 
demon.  It  is  possible  that  this  unfortunate 
woman  represents  some  cheating  ale-wife 
in  the  town,  who,  having  incurred  the 
wrath  of  the  artists  by  giving  them  short 
measure,  was  depicted  thus  as  a  warning 
to  similar  evildoers. 

The  second  instance  is  at  Fairford, 
although  not  actually  in  the  Judgment 
window.  The  four  windows  of  the  north- 
nave  clerestory  are  filled  with  the  figures 
of  twelve  notable  persecutors,  either  of 
Christ  or  of  the  early  Christian  Church. 
These  figures  include  Caiaphas,  Judas  Is- 
cariot  with  a  bag  purse,  Herod  with  an 
infant  impaled  upon  his  sword,  Diocletian, 
and  Nero.  The  military  persecutors  are 
all  clad  in  richly  coloured  robes  over  their 
armour.  In  the  smaller  tracery  openings 
are  hideous  demons,  two  above  every  figure 
('  Fairford  Church  and  its  Celebrated  Win- 
dows,' by  H.  W.  Taunt). 


H.  C.  remarks  that  one  of  the  saved  in 
the  Winchester  College  '  Judgment '  is  a 
bishop,  and  that  he  undoubtedly  represents 
William  of  Wykeham.  Certainly  the  face 
of  this  figure  does  bear  a  strong  resemblance 
to  the  two  portraits  of  Wykeham  in  the 
lowest  part  of  the  window  ;  but  this  resem- 
blance seems  to  be  due  as  much  to  the  type 
of  face  portrayed  by  Thomas  of  Oxford 
and  his  craftsmen — a  type  clearly  shown 
even  in  Betton  &  Evans's  copy — as  to  any- 
thing else.  JOHN  D.  LE  COUTEUR. 

Southsea. 

*  ANTHOLOGIA  GR^ECA'  :  EPICTETUS  (12  S- 
v.  10). — (6)  The  lines  said  to  be  translated 
from  Epictetus  are  a  rendering  of  four  Greek: 
iambics  quoted  in  Epictetus's  '  Enchiridion,' 
ch.  52  (53).  That  their  author  was  Cleanthes^ 
the  Stoic  philosopher,  we  learn  from  Seneca, 
who  gives  a  Latin  version  of  them,  '  Epistles,* 
107,  10  sq. 

The  line  with  which  Seneca  concludes  is- 
frequently  quoted, 

Ducunt  volentem  fata,  nolentem  trahunt. 
But  there  is  nothing  corresponding  to  it  in 
the  Greek  original  as  we  know  it. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

The  Greek  lines  inquired  for  by 
H.  K.  ST.  J.  S.  will  be  found  in  the  '  En- 
chiridion '  of  Epictetus,  c.  53.  It  seems  that 
Epictetus  attributed  them  to  Cleanthes  ; 
but  of  the  six  lines,  the  fifth  and  sixth  are 
from  Euripides.  See  No.  956  in  Nauck's 
edition  of  the  fragments  of  Euripides 
(Teubner,  1885).  E.  LITTOW. 

[MB.  C.  B.  WHEELER  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

WYBORNE  FAMILY  OF  ELMSTONE,  KENT 
(12  S.  iv.  130,  254).— One  Joseph  Wiborne- 
went  up  to  Trinity,  Cambridge,  from 
St.  Paul's  School  in  1602.  In  the  Trinity 
Registers  he  is  entered  as  a  scholar  on  the 
Westminster  election  :  B.A.  1602-3  ;  M.A. 
1606.  In  the  Registers  of  St.  Paul's  School 
it  is  recorded  that  he  received  a  grant  of  5Z. 
on  April  15,  1602,  a  "benevolence"  of  the 
same  sum  in  1604-5,  and  31.  6s.  8d.  towards 
commencement  in  1605-6.  I  shall  be  glad 
to  receive  further  information  concerning' 
him.  MICHAEL  F.  J.  MCDONNELL. 

Bathurst,  Gambia,  British  West  Africa. 

"  JOHN  ROBERTSON,"  A  PSEUDONYMOUS 
NINETEENTH -CENTURY  POET  (12  S.  iv.  185). 
— I  inquired  at  the  above  reference  a.s  to  the 
authorship  of  '  The  Prinoo  of  Orange  in  1672,' 
included  in  Trench's  '  Household  Book  of 
English  Poetry,'  and  taken  by  him  from  a 
small  volume  published  in  1859  by  "John 


50 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [i2s.v.  FEB.,  1919. 


Robertson."  I  have  now  discovered  that 
the  pseudonymous  author  was  John  Robert 
Seeley.  See  the  admirable  memoir  prefixed 
by  Mr.  G.  W.  Prothero  to  Seeley' s  *  Growth 
of  British  Policy  '  (1895),  and  the  notice  of 
Seeley,  also  by  Mr.  Prothero,  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 

CHARLES  LLEWELYN  DAVIES. 
10  Lupus  Street,  Pimlico,  S.W.I. 

CREST  ON  CHURCH  PLATE  (12  S.  iv.  331). — 
What  are  the  articles  about  which  the  REV. 
A.  B.  MILNER  inquires  ?  It  is  unusual  to 
find  ecclesiastical  plate  bearing  a  crest 
unless,  as  occasionally  happens,  a  secular  piece 
has  been  willed  or  presented  by  the  owner 
to  a  local  church.  F.  BRADBURY. 

PATEN  OR  SALVER  ?  (12  S.  v.  13.) — The 
paten  which  is  used  at  the  Sacrament  was 
in  the  Queen  Anne  period  also  in  use  as  a 
salver  for  household  purposes,  and  patens 
are  still  to  be  found  in  the  plate-chests  of 
old  families  bearing  crests,  with  coat  of  arms 
in  the  centre.  The  one  referred  to  by  Miss 
SHARLAND,  bearing  a  coat  of  arms,  was 
obviously  intended  for  domestic  purposes. 
Instances  of  consecrated  church  plate  subse- 
quently adapted  for  household  purposes  are 
probably  non-existent,  although  many  speci- 
mens formerly  ecclesiastical  property  are 
to-day  displayed  in  museums  and  private 
collections.  F.  BRADBURY. 

Sheffield. 

A  salver  on  a  single  truncated  foot  or  base, 
sometimes  called  a  tazza,  was  made  in  large 
quantities  in  England  during  the  last 
quarter  of  the  seventeenth  century  and  the 
first  quarter  of  the  eighteenth,  until  it  was 
ousted  from  favour  by  the  more  popular 
three-legged  waiter  or  salver. 

An  exactly  similar  vessel  was  in  use  as  a 
paten  in  the  Church  during  the  same  period. 
This  was  a  development  from  the  paten- 
covers  of  Communion  cups  of  the  seventeenth 
century.  E.  ALFRED  JONES. 

Patens  were  at  one  period  evidently 
designed  for  domestic  as  well  as  ecclesiastical 
Tise.  C.  J.  Jackson  in  his  *  History  of 
English  Plate,'  &c.  (Batsford,  1911),  says  : 

'*  Many  of  the  Elizabethan  Communion  patens 
were  plain  plates  transferred  to  the  Church  from 
secular  use.  Some  patens  of  the  latter  part  of  the 
seventeenth  century  were  ordinary  domestic 
aalvers  similarly  transferred." 

Several  instances  are  recorded  of  patens 
'having  been  in  domestic  use  before  being 
dedicated  to  the  service  of  the  Church, 
and  possibly  this  accounts  for  the  similarity 
-of  the  church  paten  with  Miss  SHARLAND'S 
.salver.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 


NEATE  (12  S.  v.  13).— Early  in  1914, 
while  I  was  in  St.  Kitts,  B.W.I.,  a  friend 
showed  me  a  portrait  of  the  Rev.  Richard 
tfeate,  painted  by  his  grandson  Richard 
^"eate  in  December,  1827.  On  the  back 
was  pasted  a  book-plate  of  the  "  REVD 
RICHD  NEATE,  LL.B.,"  late  Chippendale 
armorial  in  style,  with  the  arms  as  given  in 
Burke' s  '  Armory  '  for  Neate  of  London  and 
Swindon.  I  was  informed  that  Charles 
O'Hara  Neate,  a  son  of  the  parson,  was  a 
planter  whose  name  appeared  in  the  list  of 
;he  members  of  the  House  of  Assembly  in 
1840. 

The  book-plate  may  be  seen  at  the 
British  Museum,  in  the  Franks  Collection, 
no.  21,599. 

The  year  1827  does  not  agree  with  the 
date  of  death  1817,  but  I  give  it  as  I  noted  it. 

V.  L.  OLIVER. 
Sunninghill,  Berks. 

ST.  HENRY  THE  ENGLISHMAN  :  BISHOP 
THOMAS  IN  FINLAND  (12  S.  iv.  331). — As 
to  St.  Henry  see  Bp.  Challoner's  '  Britannia 
Sancta  '  (London,  1745),  part  i.  pp.  65-7  ; 
but,  if  Challoner  is  right  in  following  Cardinal 
Baron ius  in  placing  St.  Henry's  death  in 
1151,  The  Daily  Chronicle  must  be  wrong  in 
its  dates.  JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

According  to  Gams,  '  Series  Episcoporum,' 
the  "  S.  Henricus  Anglus,"  martyr,  in  ques- 
tion became  Bishop  of  Upsala  in  1152,  and 
died  on  Jan.  19,  1157.  His  life  was  pub- 
lished by  the  Bollandists  in  their  '  Acta 
Sanctorum  '  under  that  date. 

The  other  Englishman  was  Stephanus 
(not  Thomas),  a  Cistercian,  who  became 
Bishop  of  Upsala  in  1162,  and  two  years 
later  first  Archbishop  of  the  same  see.  He 
died  on  Aug.  18,  1185.  For  references  see 
Gams,  op.  cit.  L.  L.  K. 

"  WATER-PIPES,"  PSALM  XLII.  9,  PRAYER 
BOOK  VERSION  (12  S.  iv.  243).— W.  S.  B.  H. 
appears  to  connect  the  expression  "  water- 
pipes  "  of  the  Prayer  Book  version  with  the 
idea  of  the  conveyance  of  water  for  ordinary 
domestic  purposes  through  wooden  pipes. 
This  would  be  a  noiseless  process.  The 
A.V.  and  R.V.  version  "  water-spouts " 
gives  the  clue  to  the  meaning.  I  imagine 
that  the  thought  in  the  mind  of  the  trans- 
lator was  the  roar  of  the  water  as  it  was 
discharged  from  the  roofs  of  buildings, 
during  heavy  rainfall,  by  means  of  the  gar- 
goyles, water-spouts,  or  water-pipes,  straight 
down  to  the  gutters  below.  This  was  the 
crude  method  of  disposing  of  surface  water 
for  long  years  after  1535. 


12  8.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


51 


It  may  be  remarked  that  the  P.B.  version 
is  defective  in  another  respect.  It  should 
read,  as  given  in  the  A.V.  and  R.V.,  thy 
(not  "the")  water-pipes  or  water-spouts. 
The  original  appears  to  be  metaphorical 
language  derived  from  the  character  of  the 
surrounding  country.  Hebraists  supply  as 
a  better  rendering  of  the  passage  "  Deep 
calleth  unto  deep  in  the  roar  of  Thy 
cataracts.'  F.  A.  RUSSELL. 

116  Arran  Road,  Catford,  S.E.6. 

DESSIN'S  HOTEL,  CALAIS  (12  S.  iv.  187, 
248  ;  v.  20).— T.  F.  D.  says  that  he  did  not 
discover  the  name  of  the  hotel  in  which 
Sterne  stayed  at  Calais  until  he  came  across  it 
in  the  recently  published  memoirs  of  William 
Hickey.  I  presume,  therefore,  that  he  is 
unaware  that  M.  Dessin,  the  proprietor  of 
the  Silver  Lion,  advertised  his  hotel  in 
English  newspapers  some  years  before  the 
publication  of  '  A  Sentimental  Journey.' 
T.  F.  D.  may  be  interested  in  the  follow- 
ing announcement,  which  I  found  in  The 
St.  James's  Chronicle,  Oct.  11-13,  1763:  — 

"Dessin,  who  keeps  the  Silver  Lion  at  Calais, 
offers  his  service  to  the  Nobility,  Gentry  &  others, 
who  may  please  to  honour  him  with  their  Company, 
where  they  will  be  sure  of  meeting  with  the  best 
Entertainment  &  Lodging.  He  also  provides 
Chaises  <fc  all  other  kinds  of  Carriages,  &  has  a 
Correspondence  in  all  Parts  for  the  convenience  of 
Travellers,  &  executed  with  the  greatest  fidelity." 

WILLIAM  T.  WHITLEY. 

SIB  WALTER  RALEIGH,  EAST  LONDONER 
(12  S.  iv.  296  ;  v.  15).— On  June  19,  1877, 
I  visited  the  Artichoke  Tavern,  Blackwall, 
in  the  company  of  a  friend  who  had  called 
there  respecting  some  arrangements  relating 
to  a  forthcoming  Thames  regatta.  As  we 
came  out  he  pointed  to  an  old  house  close 
by,  and  said  :  "  That  is  where  Sir  Walter 
Raleigh  smoked  his  first  pipe  in  England." 
I  made  a  note  in  my  diary  at  the  time, 
though  I  doubted  the  information  as  to  the 
pipe.  Still,  it  may  very  well  have  been 
the  house  so  graphically  described  by  the 
"  Poplar  antiquary,"  and  concerning  which 
MR.  PHILIP  NORMAN  desires  information. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itohington,  Warwickshire. 

In  the  too  slowly  increasing  collection  of 
local  curios  exhibited  in  the  Poplar  Borough 
Library  in  the  High  Street  there  is  a  copy  of 
the  view  possessed  by  MR.  PHILIP  NORMAN. 
The  local  antiquaries  were  supported  by 
most  of  the  West  London  specialists  in  1873 
in  the  verdict  that  the  neglected  house 


which,  according  to  tradition,  was  succes- 
sively occupied  by  Sebastian  Cabot  and 
Walter  Raleigh,  showed  little  trace  of  its 
origin,  except  perhaps  in  the  piles  upon 
which  it  was  upraised  ;  and  uncouth  hands 
had  dealt  grievously  with  its  "  restoration  " 
more  than  once,  assisted  by  too  zealous  job- 
lot  sellers  from  neighbouring  marine  stores. 
It  was  swept  away  to  make  room  for  the 
approach  to  the  new  Blackwall  Tunnel ;  and 
all  that  remains  is  a  new  place-name  which 
indicates  acceptance  of  the  tradition  by  the  - 
London  County  Council.  Me. 

Me.  seems  to  suggest  (iv.  296)  that  Raleigh 
was  the  author  of  the  phrase  "  to  singe  the 
Spaniard's  beard."  But  was  it  not  Sir 
Francis  Drake  who  uttered  the  famous 
boast,  and  in  slightly  different  words  ? 
Froude  in  his  *  English  Seamen  in  the 
Sixteenth  Century  '  says  :  — 

41  On  the  19th  [April]  he  [Drake!  entered  Cadiz 
Harbour ;  on  the  1st  of  May  he  passed  out  again 
without  the  loss  of  a  boat  or  a  man.  He  said  in 
jest  that  he  had  singed  the  King  of  Spain's  beard 
for  him." 

J.  R.  H. 

LAKES  PASCHOLLER  AND  CALENDARI, 
NEAR  THUSIS  (12  S.  v.  13).— For  "  Flerda  " 
read  Flerden,  to  the  west  of  Thusis.  To  its 
west,  on  the  "  Heinzenberg,"  is  the  Pas- 
cuminersee,  just  to  the  south  of  the  Pas- 
cholen  pastures. 

The  "  Caltmdari  lake  "  is  to  the  west  of 
Andeer,  which  by  the  Spliigen  Pass  road 

7£  miles  above  Thusis.  Thusis  is  at  the 
northern  mouth  of  the  Via  Mala,  while 
Andeer  is  some  way  south  of  its  southern 
end.  W.  A.  B.  C. 

Grindelwald. 

PRESIDENT  WILSON'S  ANCESTORS  (12  S. 
iv.  298). — A  paragraph  in  The  Daily  Chronicle 
of  Jan.  11  stated  that  particulars  were 
forwarded  recently  to  President  Wilson  by 
Mr.  John  Muir,  of  Beith,  Ayrshire,  respect- 
ing the  Rev.  Dr.  Witherspoon,  formerly 
parish  minister  of  Beith,  a  grand -uncle  of 
the  President,  and  a  lineal  descendant  of 
John  Knox.  N.  W.  HILL. 

FORSTER  OF  HANSLOPE  (12  S.  iv.  158). — 
MR.  BARTON  is  referred  to  11  S.  viii.  518 
(Paulet)  ;  to  Thomas  Salt's  'Materials  for  a 
History  of  Staffordshire  '  (Leveson) ;  to  the 
Harleian  Society's  publications  of  '  Visita- 
tion of  Staffordshire,'  1663-4,  p.  202,  and 
'  Visitation  of  Worcestershire,'  -1682  (Leve- 
son) ;  and  to  '  Appendix  to  Hardwicke  and 
d'Aubigny,'  pp.  6  and  7  (Brit.  Mus.  Addit.. 
MSS.  Dept.  37940).  OYEZ. 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  FEB.,  1919. 


KENT  FAMILY  OF  WINCHESTER  AND 
READING  (12  S.  iv.  187,  274).— The  corre- 
spondence on  this  subject  is  extremely 
interesting.  One  would  much  like  to  find 
the  link  of  connexion  between  the  two 
branches.  Tho  two  Mayors  of  Winchester, 
as  well  as  Simon  Kent,  Mayor  of  Reading, 
Tnay  have  been  sons  of  John  Kent  of  Reading, 
mercer,  who  died  circa  1415.  Perhaps  the 
clue  may  be  found  later  ;  in  which  case  a 
notice  will,  I  hope,  duly  appear  in  these 
columns.  In  the  meantime  I  have  ex- 
amined a  collection  made  some  years  ago, 
and  now  submit  a  few  extracts  which  may 
prove  useful  not  only  to  the  querist,  but  to 
others  interested  in  genealogical  research. 
WINCHESTER. 

1.  John  Kent,  Mayor  of  Winchester,  1454-5  (?), 
died  circa  1478  (?). 

2.  Richard  Kent,  Mayor  of  Winchester,  1469  (?). 
His  arms  were  Arg.,  two  lighted  tapers  in  saltire 
or  (Herald  and  Genealogist,  vol.  iv.  p.  220). 

3.  Robert     Kent,     Proctor     for      Winchester 
College   in   the    Court   of   Arches,    1460-1.     This 
person,   evidently   an   ecclesiastical   lawyer,  may 
have   been   a  brother  of   Master   Thomas   Kent, 
Doctor   of   Civil   and   Canon   Law,   Clerk  to   the 
Privy  Council  from  1444,    ambassador  to  various 
countries,  and  Sub-Constable  of  England,  whose 
will,  dated  Jan.  19,  1468,  was  proved  at  Lambeth, 
March  15,  1468  (P.C.C.  Godyn  26).     It  mentions 
"  my    brother    Master    Robert    Kent,"    who    is 

•charged  with  the  distribution  of  20  J.  "  among 
my  cousins  and  kinsmen  belonging  to  me  in  the 
fourth  degree,  or  within." 

4.  John  Kent,  Scholar  of  Winchester  College, 
adm.    1432,   died   August,    1435    (P1434).     Brass 

in  chancel  at  Headbourne  Worthy.  Son  of 
Simon  Kent,  Mayor  of  Reading,  1430,  who  also 
represented  that  town  in  Parliament. 

5.  Henry    Kent,    Scholar    Winchester    College, 
1448. 

6.  James   Kent,   musician.     Born   Winchester, 
1700.     Adm.    chorister   there    1711.     Died    Win- 
chester,   1776.     Organist   from    1731    of    Trinity 
College,   Cambridge,   and  from    1737   to    1774   of 
the  Cathedral  and  College  of  Winchester.   Married 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  John  Freeman. 

7.  Samuel    Kent    left    a    benefaction    to    St. 
Michael's,  Winchester.     Charity  Reports,  vol.  xii. 

f>  479'  READING. 

1.  John  Kent  of  Reading,  mercer,  living  1410, 
died    circa    1415.     Brass    for    himself    and    wife 
Joan  in  chancel  of  St.  Lawrence's  Church  there. 
Plaintiff  in  an  action  in  the  Borough  Court  of 
Winchester,  Jan.  20,  1405/6  (Herald  and  Genea- 
logist, vol.  iv.  p.  220).     His  son 

2.  Simon     Kent,    Mayor    of    Reading,     1430, 
represented  the  town  in  Parliament.     Returned 
in    1433    as    gentleman    by    the    Commissioners. 
Living  1451.     His  son 

3.  John   Kent,   admitted   Winchester   Scholar, 
1432,  died  August,   1435  (prob.  1434).     Brass  in 
chancel  at  Headbourne  Worthy. 

4.  Nicholas  Kent  of  Reading.     Churchwarden 
of    St.    Lawrence's    Church,    Reading,    in    1501, 
died  1505.     His  will,  proved  at  Lambeth  Dec.  11, 
1505   (P.C.C.   Holgrave   42),  refers  to   "my  son 


John  Kent,  whom  I  make  my  sole  executor." 
Testator  wished  to  be  buried  in  St.  Lawrence's 
Church  aforesaid,  "  near  to  the  burying  place  of 
Joan  my  wife." 

5.  John    Kent    (not    described).     Will    dated 
Dec.    11,    1536,    proved    at    Lambeth,    Jan.    26, 
1536  /7  (P.C.C.  Dmgley  1).     He  gave  his  body  to 
be  buried  in  the  churchyard  of  St.  Giles  in  Reading. 
Wife    Alice    executrix.     Refers    to  his    daughters 
Joan,  Alice,  and  Ede. 

6.  Thomas    Kente    of    "  Sowthcott "    in    the 
parish    of    St.    Mary,    Reading,    yeoman.     Will 
dated    Aug.    27,    1554,    proved    P.C.C.    June    4, 
1557.     Left  his  body  to  be  buried  in  the  chancel 
of  St.  Mary's  in  Reading  aforesaid.     Wife  Joan 
and    son    Thomas    Kent    exors.     Will    refers    to 
Alice,    daughter ;    John    Kent,     "  my    brother's 
son  "  ;  sister  Gregorie;  sister  Pylgrime  ;  Thomas, 
Richard,     and     John     Aldworthe     and     Thomas 
Lyvord,     brothers-in-law ;    and  to  leases  of  the 
farm    and    manor    of    Sowthcott   and    lands    In 
Burfelde. 

The  above  are,  I  believe,  all  the  wills  of 
the  Reading  branch  recorded  in  the  Indexes 
in  the  Prerogative  Court  of  Canterbury 
down  to  1600. 

7.  John   Kent  the  elder  of  Reading,  clothier. 
Will  dated  July  20,  1686,  codicil  June  6,  1687. 
Proved  P.C.C.  Jan.  23  and  Aug.  9,  1687  (Foot  79). 

Married  Frances ,  who  died  before  July,  1686. 

He  was  cousin  to  Griffith    Kent  of   Southwark, 
Norway  merchant,  whose  family  pedigree  appears 
in  The  Genealogist,  vol.  i.  pp.  220-21,  and  vol.  ii. 
pp.  185-92.     The  said  John  Kent  left,  with  other 
issue,  a  son 

8.  Clement  Kent  of  Goring,  co.   Oxon,  gent., 
buried  in  the  chancel  of  that  church.     The  in- 
scription, formerly  on  a  black  marble  gravestone, 
is  preserved  in  Rawlinson  MS.  B.  400  c.  in  the 
Bodleian    Library.     Will   dated   March    9,    1700, 
proved   P.C.C.    Jan.    23,    1701/2    (Hern    7).     By 
his  wife  Sarah  (dead  March,  1700  ,/l),  daughter  of 
Sebastian  Lyford  of  Reading,  gent.,  he  left,  with 
other  issue,  a  son 

9.  Clement  Kent  of  Thatcham,  co.  Berks,  and 
of  Goring,  co.  Oxon,  esq.,  J.P.  for  Berks  ;  M.P. 
for    Wallingford    1705,    and    for    Reading    1722. 
He  married  at  Gray's  Inn  Chapel,  Jan.  8,  1703  /4, 
Barsheba  Marsh  of  Stepney,  co.  Middx.,  and  died 
Dec.  25,  1746.     Buried  Goring.     Last  will  dated 
June    8,    1711,    proved    at    Doctors'    Commons, 
May,  1747  (P.C.C.  Potter  129).     His  widow  was 
buried  at  Goring,  July  25,  1750,  as  appears  from 
the  church  register. 

A  Clement  Kent  married  at  the  Temple 
Church,  Dec.  19,  1697,  Johanna  Cobb. 
Possibly  she  was  identical  with  "  my  present 
wife  Joane "  mentioned  in  the  will  of 
Clement  Kent  of  Goring  (see  no.  8  above). 

Early  in  the  seventeenth  century  a 
branch  of  the  Reading  stock  settled  at 
Sonning,  Berks.  Griffith  Kent  (see  no.  7), 
who  married  a  granddaughter  of  Lord 
Forbes  of  Scotland,  and  widow*  of  John 

*  She  was  the  mother  of  Sir  John  Shorter,  Kt., 
Loi'd  Mayor  of  London  1688,  who  died  Sept.  4, 
1688,  dxiring  his  year  of  office.  See  Le  Were, 
p.  301. 


12  S  V.  FEB.,  1919.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Shorter  of  Staines,  Middlesex,  was  born  at 
"  Sunning."  So  also  was  John  Kent  of 
St.  Michael's  Bassishaw,  London,  merchant, 
whose  will— dated  Sept.  19,  1693  ;  proved 
P.C.C.  Feb.,  1694  (Box  35)— refers  to  his 
cousin  Clement  Kent  of  Goring  (see  no.  8). 
A  London  marriage  licence,  dated  Sept.  9, 
1662,  records  a  Thomas  Kent  of  "  Sunning," 
Berks,  brewer,  widower,  50,  and  Elizabeth 
Latham  of  the  same  place,  spinster,  50. 
They  were  buried  at  Sonning,  respectively 
Dec.  14,  1673,  and  May  20,  1680.  A  deed 
dated  April  19,  1721,  bore  the  signatures  of 
Clement  Kent  of  Thatcham,  Berks  (see 
no.  9),  and  of  John  Kent  of  Sonning,  Berks, 
Esq.  It  referred  to  a  deed-poll  dated 
July  13,  1630,  enrolled  in  Chancery  18th 
idem,  executed  by  Clement  Kent  of  Goring, 
deceased  (see  no.  8). 

One  would  much  like  to  have  a  reference 
to  a  pedigree  setting  out  the  above  in  their 
due  order  and  relationship. 

P.  RAMSEY-KENT. 

82  Victoria  Street,  Westminster,  S.W.I. 

MRS.  LEGH  OF  LYME,  CHESHIRE  (12  S. 
iv.  48,  82,  141). — I  do  not  think  it  is  possible 
that  Lady  Margaret  Legh,  to  whom  a 
monument  is  erected  in  Fulham  Church, 
can  be  the  person  MR.  LEONARD  C.  PRICE 
desires  information  about. 

In  '  Fulham  Old  and  New,'  vol.  i. 
pp.  222-3,  a  lengthy  description  of  her  monu- 
ment is  given,  followed  by  a  few  bio- 
graphical details.  She  is  said  to  have  been 
the  daughter  of  Sir  Gilbert  Gerard,  Master 
of  the  Rolls,  by  his  wife  Anne,  daughter  and 
heiress  of  Thomas  Radcliffe  of  Wilmerly. 
She  was  born  in  1570.  When  only  16  she 
was  married  to  Peter  Legh,  grandson  and 
heir  of  Sir  Peter  Legh,  of  Lyme  and  Bradley. 
Peter  Legh  succeeded  his  grandfather  in 
1590,  inheriting  from  him  artistic  tastes  and 
much  sound  business  capacity.  He  was 
knighted  in  1598. 

Lady  Margaret  Legh  died  on  July  23, 
1603,  at  the  early  age  of  33.  At  Lyme 
Park,  Disley,  Cheshire,  there  is  preserved 
a  good  contemporary  portrait  of  her  in  the 
style  of  Jansen.  L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

FRENCH  REVOLUTION:  "EAT  CAKE" 
(12  S.  iv.  272).— Though  this  saying  is  often 
attributed  to  Marie  Antoinette,  it  is  older 
than  the  period  of  the  French  Revolution. 
Mr.  Edward  Latham  in  his  *  Famous  Sayings 
and  their  Authors '  (Sonnenschein,  1904) 
quotes  a  sentence  proving  this  from  partie  i. 
livre  vi.  of  Rousseau's  '  Confessions  '  ;  but 
Rousseau's  description  of  the  incident  which 


caused  him  to  record  the  phrase  is  so- 
interesting  that  it  is  worth  giving  pretty 
fully  :— 

"  [Madame  Warens)  avoit  a  Grenoble  une 
amie  appel^e  madame  Deybens,  dont  le  marf 
etoit  ami  de  M.  de  Mably,  grand-prevot  a  Lyon. 
M.  Deybens  me  proposa  1'edncauon  des  enfans 
de  M.  de  Mably  :  j'acceptai,  et  je  partis  pour 
Lyon .... 

"  J'avois    tout-a-fait    perdu    chez    maman    le 

tout  des  petites  friponneries,  parce  que,  tout 
tant  a  moi,  je  n'avois  rien  a  voler. . .  .mais. . . . 
j'aurois  grand'peur  de  voler  comme  dans  mon 
enfance  si  j'6tois  sujet  aux  memes  d6sirs.  J'eua 
la  preuve  de  cela  chez  M.  de  Mably.  Environne" 
de  petites  choses  volables  que  je  ne  regardois 
me"me  pas,  je  m'avisai  de  convpiter  un  certain 
petit  vin  blanc  d'Arbois  tres-joli,  dont  quelques 
verres  que  par-ci  par-la  je  buvois  a  table 
m'avoient  fort  affriande\ . .  .11  resta  toujours 
agr^able  a  boire,  et  1'occasion  fit  que  je  m'en 
accommodai  de  temps  en  temps  de  quelques 
bouteilles  pour  boire  a  mon  aise  en  mon  parfciculier. 
Malheureusement  je  n'ai  jamais  pu  boire  sans 
manger.  Comment  faire  pour  avoir  du  pain  ? 
II  m'^toit  impossible  d'en  mettre  en  reserve. 
En  faire  acheter  par  les  laquais,  c'6toit  me 
d^celer,  et  presque  insulter  le  maitre  de  la  maison. 
En  acheter  moi-me'me,.  je  n'osai  jamais.  Un 
beau  monsieur,  I'6p6e  au  c6t4,  aller  chez  un 
boulanger  acheter  un  morceau  de  pain,  cela  se 
pouvoit-il  ?  Enfin  je  me  rappelai  le  pis-aller 
d'une  grande  princesse  a  qui  Ton  disoit  que  le« 
paysans  n'avoient  pas  de  pain,  et  qui  r^pondit ; 
Qu'ils  rrangent  de  la  brioche." 

Mr.  Latham  also  states  that  Alphonse 
Karr  (Les  Guepes,  April,  1843)  alludes  to  a 
work  dated  1760,  where  a  Duchess  of 
Tuscany  is  credited  with  the  same  remark. 
Karr's  words  are  :  — 

"  Ce  qui  me  paralt  prouver  a  peu  pres  que  le 
mot  n'a  pas  £t<I  dit  par  Marie  Antoinette,  mais 
retrouv^  et  mis  en  circulation  contre  elle." 

Latham  misquotes  Karr  as  saying  "  Et 
mis  en  circulation  par  elle." 

The  *  Confessions  '  were  written  c.  1766, 
but  the  incident  referred  to  by  Rousseau 
occurred  c.  1740.  E.  G.  C. 

ST.  TRUNNION  :  HIS  IDENTITY  (12  S.  v.  7). 
— There  can  be  little  doubt,  I  think,  that  this 
name  is  a  variant  of  Ninian,  further  disguised 
by  the  adhesion  of  the  final  consonant  in 
"  Saint."  Ringan  is  a  common  variant  of 
Ninian  in  our  place-names  ;  e  g.,  Killantrin- 
gan  in  Wigtownshire  and  Ayrshire.  North 
Ronaldshay  is  a  corruption  of  Rinan's  Ey 
or  Ninian' s  Island.  Ringan  is  still  in  use  as 
a  baptismal  name  in  the  south-west  of" 
Scotland.  The  change  of  sound  from 
n  to  r  seems  natural  to  the  Goidhelic  Celt. 
For  example,  cnoc,  a  hill,  though  it  may 
appear  as  Knock  in  the  Ordnance  Survey 
maps,  is  now  sounded  crock  or  crochd,  with  a 
strong  guttural,  in  the  West  Highlands. 


54 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  FEB.,  1»I9 


The  name  Ninian  is  still  less  easy  to 
recognize  when  d  is  substituted  for  the 
initial  n.  That  has  occurred  in  such  names 
as  Chipperdingan  in  Wigtownshire,  meaning 
the  well  (tiobar)  of  Ninian,  and  that  is  the 
form  given  by  Geoff ery  Gaimar's  '  Estorie 
des  Engles  '  (twelfth  century):  — 

A  Witernen  [Whithorn    gist  Saint  Dinan, 

Long  tens  vint  devant  Columban. 

The  adhesion  of  the  final  t  in  "  Saint  "  to 
the  name  which  follows  is  of  frequent 
occurrence,  as  J.  T.  F.  observes  ;  but  some- 
times the  reverse  process  takes  effect. 
Passengers  travelling  to  Glasgow  by  the 
Midland  Railway  from  St.  Pancras  are  landed 
at  St.  Enoch  station.  Most  people  who 
speculate  on  the  subject  at  all  connect  the 
name  with  Enoch  "seventh  from  Adam," 
the  father  of  Methuselah  ;  but  none  of  the 
four  Enochs  who  figure  in  the  Old  Testament 
was  eligible  for  canonization,  which  postulates 
Christian  baptism.  A  clue  to  the  true  name 
occurs  in  the  city  records  of  Glasgow  in  the 
sixteenth  century,  wherein  mention  is  made 
of  "  San  Theneuke's  Kirk,"  which  appears 
later  as  St.  Tennoch's,  and  ultimately  as 
St.  Enoch's.  The  dedication  was  to  the 
mother  of  St.  Kentigern,  whose  name  is 
variously  written  in  early  MSS.  as  Thenew, 
Tenaw,  Thaney,  and  Thennat. 

HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

Monreith. 

Arch.  Cant.,  vol.  xvii.,  contains  an 
inventory  (1485)  of  vestments  at  St.  An- 
drew's, Canterbury,  from  which  I  make  the 
following  extracts  :  — 

"  Item  ij  laten  candelstykez  for  Seint  Tronyon 
auter."— P.  150. 

[Footnote. — St.  Tron.     He  founded  an  abbey 
.at    Liege,    called    St.    Tron's    or    St.    Truyen's 
He  died  A.D.  693.     Butler,  *  Lives  of  the  Saints, 
sub  die  Nov.  23.] 

"  These  parcellys  folowyng  pertayne  to  Senl 
Tronyons  Auter." — P.  151. 

"  Item  an  auter  clothe  with  curten  wyngis 
to  hang  above  the  auter  with  Sent  Tronyon  yn 
the  myddys  and  a  curten  of  the  same  worke." — 
P.  152. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

COL.  COLQUHOUN  GRANT  (12  S.  iv.  326). — 
C.  McG.  will  find  useful  information  in 
vol.  viii.  of  the  'Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  p.  382 
et  seq.  (1908).  E.  F.  B. 

RUTTER  FAMILY  NAME  (12  S.  v.  7). — 
The  whole  of  chap.  xvi.  of  Mr.  Ernes 
Weekley's  '  The  Romance  of  Names  '  (pub 
lished  by  John  Murray  in  1914)  is  taken  u 
with  this  subject ;  see  also  '  Surnames 
(same  author  and  publisher,  1916)  at  p.  240 
JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 


JOSEPH  BROWN  (12  S.  iv.  331). — A  short 
iography  of  him  will  be  found  in  '  D.N.B.' 
nd  Boase's  *  Modern  English  Biography.' 

He  was  the  seventh  son  of  George  Brown 
f  North  Shields,  and  was  born  there  in 
eptember,  1784  (not  1781,  as  stated). 

He  was  attached  to  Wellington's  staff  in  the 
'eninsular  War ;  was  medical  officer  at 
underland,  and  Mayor  there  in  1840  ;  and 
ied  at  Villiers  Street  in  that  town  on 
tfov.  19,  1868.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 


The  Tragedy  of  Tragedies  ;  or,  The  Life  and  Death 
of  Tom  Thumb  the  Great.     By  Henry  Fielding. 
Edited   by   James   T.   Hillhouse.     (Yale,    Uni- 
versity Press  ;  London,  Milford,  12s.  Qd.) 
PHIS  book  in  format  is  a  companion  volume  to 
VIr.  Jensen's  edition  of  Fielding's  Covent  Garden 
Journal,  which  emanated  from  the  Yale  Press  in 
1915,  and  in  literary  execution  displays  a  similar 
ppreciation    of    the    great   master,    and    a    like 
scholarly  industry  in  elaborating  his  productions. 
Of  Fielding's  twenty-six  comic  plays  the  two 
cleverest,  consonant  with  his  satirical  vein,  were 
'  tragedies  " — '  The    Covent    Garden    Tragedy  ' 
and    '  The   Tragedy   of   Tragedies  ' — both,   para- 
doxical though  it  sound,  being  burlesques. 

As  Fielding's  dramatic  works  (save  his  adapta- 
tions of  Moliere)  seldom  claim  attention  at  the 
sresent  day,  and  as  he  was  only  23  when  '  Tom 
Thumb  '  was  put  forth,  and  consequently  of  an 
age  when  contemporary  notices  of  him  are  rare, 
t  was  a  courageous  adventure  on  Dr.  Hillhouse's 
part  to  present  Fielding  as  a  dramatist  worthy  of 
perusal,  and  to  embark  on  a  research  that  should 
revivify  his  rising  popularity  in  the  theatrical 
world  of  1730.  The  result  is  a  volume  worthy  of 
the  labour  bestowed  upon  it. 

Whether  Fielding  at  this  time  realized  the  full 
force  of  his  literary  powers  may  be  debated,  but 
he  was  more  than  subconscious  that  the  ludicrous 
irresistibly  appealed  to  him.  Addressing  his 
London  lady-love  from  the  village  of  Upton  Gray 
in  Hampshire  in  1728,  complaining  of  his  isolation 
from  the  pleasures  of  the  metropolis,  he  had 
observed  : — 
I've  thought  (so  strong  with  me  burlesque 

prevails) 
This  place  design'd  to  ridicule  Versailles. 

Consequently  when  two  years  later,  being 
already  the  author  of  three  acted  plays,  he 
bethought  him  of  soliciting  the  patronage  of  the 
town  by  composing  a  cento  reflecting  the  absur- 
dities of  the  heroic  drama  from  Dryden  to  James 
Thomson,  he  brought  to  the  task  much  natural 
aptitude  therefor,  and  also,  as  results  proved,  a 
remarkable  equipment  of  dramatic  lore  and 
learning. 

It  was  at  the  Haymarket  Theatre  (which  stood 
on  the  site  of  the  present  Pall  Mall  Restaurant) 
that  Fielding  produced  '  Tom  Thumb,  a  Tragedy/ 
in  April,  1730.  It  appeared  simultaneously  in 
book-form,  and  the  original  text,  with  the  in- 
teresting and  little-known  preface  to  the  second 
edition,  is  reprinted  in  the  present  volume.  As 
in  Buckingham's  '  Rehearsal '  of  1671,  "  the 


12  8.  V.  FEB.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


55 


lofty  unreality  and  inflated  gradiloquence  "  (to 
use  Dr.  Hillhouse's  phrase)  characteristic  of  the 
tragedy-writers  of  the  late  seventeenth  and  early 
eighteenth  centuries  were  attacked  in  '  Tom 
Thumb.'  So  keenly  was  Fielding's  vigorous 
humour  appreciated  that  the  piece  was  played 
"upwards  of  forty  nights,"  a  record  that  would 
before  '  The  Beggar's  Opera '  have  been  un- 
precedented. 

Having  thus  secured  the  public  ear,  Fielding 
improved  the  occasion  by  reconstructing  the  play 


Young  ;  if  an  inferior  actor  should,  in  his  opinion, 
exceed  Quin  or  Garrick  ;  or  a  signpost  painter 
set  himself  above  the  inimitable  Hogarth  :  we 
become  ridiculous  by  our  vanity." 

There  are  also  two  Appendixes,  both  valuable. 
In  Appendix  A  some  details  are  given  of  '  The 
Battle  of  the  Poets,'  a  satire  on  the  choice  of  a 
new  laureate  to  succeed  Eusden  (who  had  died 
in  September,  1730),  which  was  interpolated  in 
'  Tom  Thumb '  in  December.  Dr.  Hillhouse 
concedes  that  from  its  "  mean  and  spiteful  tone  " 


enlarging  it  from  two  acts  to  three,  renaming  it  !  it  is  improbable  that  Fielding  was  responsible  for 
'  The  Tragedy  of  Tragedies  ?  or,  The  Life  and  i  it,  but  he  omits  to  mention  a  more  cogent  reason 
Death  of  Tom  Thumb  the  Great,'  and  staging  it  for  dissociating  his  name  from  its  authorship, 

1  namely,  an  announcement  in  The  Daily  Journal 
of  Nov.  30,  1730  :  "  Whereas  it  hath  been  adver- 
tised that  an  entire  new  act,  called  the  Battle  of 
the  Poets,  is  introduced  into  the  Tragedy  of  Tom 
Thumb  ;  This  is  to  assure  the  Town,  that  I  have 


in  1731.  The  rearranged  edition,  embellished 
with  an  illustration  by  Hogarth,  was  also  printed, 
and  in  addition  Fielding  conceived  the  idea  of 
tacking  to  it  a  mock-critical  preface  and  foot- 
notes. The  preface  —  replete,  as  Dr.  Hillhouse 
remarks,  with  "  solemn  drollery  "  —  satirized  the 
pedantries  of  critics  and  commentators  generally, 
and  of  John  Dennis  in  particular.  '  The  Tragedy 
of  Tragedies  '  is  one  continuous  parody  of  the 
extravagant  sentiments  and  the  unrestrained 
bombast  uttered  by  the  stage-tyrants  who  peopled 
the  plays  of  John  Banks,  Dennis,  Dryden, 
[Nathaniel  Lee,  Elijah  Fenton,  Charles  Johnson, 
Nahum  Tate,  Theobald,  Thomson,  Young,  and 
others.  In  the  preface  Fielding  presupposes  the 
*  Tragedy  '  to  be  an  Elizabethan  production, 
while  the  foot-notes  teem  with  "  parallel  passages 
out  of  the  best  of  our  English  writers  "  who  had, 
as  he  alleges,  borrowed  their  flamboyant  heroics 
from  it.  Fielding's  make-belief  is  so  compelling, 
and  the  quotations  are  so  apt  and  so  numerous, 
that  the  task,  though  laborious,  was  evidently  a 
most  congenial  one.  That  was  perhaps  the  best 
•earnest  of  success,  for,  as  the  learned  President 
of  Magdalen  wrote  but  recently,  "  that  work  of 
art  will  not  please  twice  which  has  not  pleased 
once."  But  Fielding,  knowing  that  his  audiences 
and  readers  needed  no  assistance  in  catching  the 
allusions  to  contemporary  playwrights,  limited  his 
references  mainly  to  the  less-known  classical  plays. 
What  Dr.  Hillhouse  has  done  is  to  put  us  in  the 
position  of  Fielding's  audiences  and  readers,  and 
point  out  to  us,  in  his  own  notes,  many  "  hits  " 
at  then  better-known  productions  which  for 
Fielding  to  have  noted  would  have  been  a  work 
of  supererogation.  The  extent  to  which  the 
present-day  reader  is  thus  assisted  to  the  many 
good  things  provided  by  Fielding's  satire  is 
indicated  by  the  fact  that  while  Fielding's  text 


sixty-five     pages,     the 
to   forty-one   pages   of 


and  foot-notes  occupy 
editor's  annotations  run 
small  print. 

It  may  not  be  amiss  to  remind  ourselves  that 
Fielding's  ridicule  of  some  phases  of  the  dramatic 
work  of  Dryden  and  of  Young  (fair  enough  when 
limited  to  selected  passages)  does  not  represent 
his  final  opinion  of  their  merits.  In  his  '  True 
Greatness  '  of  1741  he  wrote  concerning  the 
former  :  — 

Great  is  the  man  who  with  unwearied  toil 
Spies  a  weed  springing  in  the  richest  soil. 
If  Dryden's  page  with  one  bad  line  be  bless'd. 
'Tis  great  to  show  it  as  to  write  the  rest. 

His  more  mature  opinion  of  Young  was  no  less 
decidedly  expressed.  In  '  Jonathan  Wild  ' 
(III.  ii.)  he  refers  to  him  as  "  the  excellent  poet," 
and  in  his  '  Essay  on  Conversation  '  he  remarks  : 
"  If  I  prefer  my  excellence  in  poetry  to  Pope  or 


never  seen  this  additional  act,  nor  am  any  ways 
concerned  therein.  Henry  Fielding."  It  is 
curious  that  this  public  repudiation  should  have 
been  overlooked,  as  there  is  much  evidence  that 
the  editor  and  his  collaborators  have  sifted  the 
contemporary  news-sheets  somewhat  thoroughly. 
It  should  be  borne  in  mind  that  Fielding  did  not 
become  manager  of  the  Haymarket  Theatre  until 
1736. 

In  Appendix  B  ten  pages  are  devoted  to  an 
account  of  the  adaptations  (including  the 
musical)  through  which  '  Tom  Thumb '  has 
passed,  and  the  appreciation  of  their  merits  by 
such  competent  judges  as  Lamb,  Hazlitt,  and 
Walter  Scott.  Dr.  Hillhouse  might  have  cited 
further  testimony  of  their  popularity.  For 
instance,  Mrs.  Piozzi,  writing  to  the  Rev.  Daniel 
Lysons  in  1797,  complains  :  "  No  matter  1  my 
half-crown  for  Flo  shall  be  willingly  contributed, 
though  I  do  think  seriously  that  Dent's  Dog  Tax 
will  have  an  exceeding  bad  effect  on  the  country. 

Both  Ministry  and  Opposition  have  at  last 

agreed  on  one  point :  they  join  against  the  lap- 


So  when  two  dogs  are  fighting  in  the  streets 
With  a  third  dog  one  of  these  two  dogs  meets  ; 
With  angry  teeth  he  bites  him  to  the  bone, 
And  this  dog  smarts  for  what  that  dog  had  done. 
These  verses  are  somewhat  too  soft  and  mellifluous 
for  the  occasion,  being  Fielding's  ;   but  I  half  long 
to  address  a  doggrell  epistle  to  Mr.  Dent." 

An  incident,  too,  in  Byron's  life  might  have  been 
recalled.  His  indignation  was  somewhat  acutely 
roused,  on  his  first  entering  the  House  of  Lords  in 
1809,  by  certain  difficulties  attending  the  proof  of 
his  birth.  These  overcome,  Lord  Eldon  welcomed 
him  cordially,  but  Lord  Byron  himself  says : 
"  The  Chancellor  apologized  to  me  for  the  delay, 
observing  that  these  forms  were  part  of  his  duty. 
I  begged  him  to  make  no  apology,  and  added,  as 
he  had  certainly  shown  no  violent  hurry,  '  Your 
Lordship  is  exactly  like  Tom  Thumb  '  (which  was 
then  being  acted)  ;  '  you  did  your  duty,  and  you 
did  no  more.'  " 

Thirdly,  many  readers  would  naturally  lean 
towards  a  play  which  had  been  a  favourite  of 
Charles  Dickens — so  much  a  favourite  that 
O'Hara's  musical  version  was  played  in  amateur 
theatricals  at  his  house,  Dickens  taking  the  part 
of  the  ghost  of  Gaffer  Thumb,  and  Mark  Lemon 
playing  the  giantess  Glumdalca.  Nay,  more, 
Dickens  in  '  Pickwick '  quotes  two  lines  from 
Lord  Grizzle's  song. 


56 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [u  s.  v.  FEB.,  1919. 


Lastly,  nothing  brings  the  eighteenth-century 
zest  for  Fielding's  tragedy  more  vividly  before  us 
than  the  delightfully  playful  account  in  Fanny 
Burney's  '  Diary  '  of  its  private  representation  at 
Worcester  in  1777.  She  herself  impersonated 
Huncanuinca,  while  her  little  niece  Anna  Maria, 
of  less  than  seven  years,  under  her  tuition,  won 
all  hearts  by  her  rendering  of  Tom  Thumb. 

As  Sir  Walter  Besant  in  his  essay  on  Rabelais 
remarks,  "  Life  is  too  serious  to  make  good 
burlesque  writing  possible  except  within  very 
narrow  limits,  and  directly  the  puppets  touch  on 
human  interests,  they  become  themselves  human"; 
and  those  who  take  up  Fielding's  '  Tragedy  '  will 
enjoy  much  diversion,  but,  from  the  very  nature 
of  the  subject,  they  must  not  look  for  the  intense 
humanity  and  fidelity  to  nature  characteristic  of 
the  works  written  by  him  when  he  had  travelled 
two  decades  further  towards  the  Shade. 


BOOKSELLERS'    CATALOGUES. 

MESSRS.  MAGGS  rightly  entitle  their  Catalogue 
374  'Rare  and  Beautiful  Books  and  Manuscripts,' 
for  it  is  full  of  literary  and  artistic  treasures,  such 
as  the  English  version  of  Christine  de  Pisan's 
'  Book  of  Fayttes  of  Armes,'  translated,  printed, 
and  bound  by  Caxton,  1489,  in  its  original  oak 
boards  (650Z.) ;  the  illuminated  manuscript  on 
vellum  of  Wyclif's  translation  of  the  New  Testa- 
ment, 232  leaves,  with  elaborate  initials  (3502.) ; 
or  the  original  manuscript  of  Lucy  Hutchinson's 
celebrated  Life  of  her  husband  Col.  Hutchinson, 
477  closely  written  pages,  containing  a  good  deal 
of  unpublished  matter  (150^.)-  Shakespeare  is 
represented  by  the  Second  Folio  (225J.)  and  the 
rarer  Third  Folio  (385Z.),  and  Spenser  by  the  first 
edition  of  'Colin  Clouts  Come  Home  Again,' 1595 
(95Z.).  Mr.  Cobden  Sanderson  contributes  two  fine 
specimens  of  the  workmanship  of  the  Doves  Press 
—  Keats's  'Poems  and  Sonnets'  and  Shelley's 
'Poems'  (85Z.  each).  There  are  also  two  presen- 
tation copies  from  Dickens,  '  Pickwick  '  (195Z.)  and 
'Martin  Chuzzlewit'  (1851.).  Davies's  'Life  of 
Garrick '  has  been  extended  by  Queen  Charlotte 
to  4  folio  volumes  by  the  insertion  of  over  300 
portraits  and  historical  scenes  (175Z.).  Among 
some  choice  MSS.  is  a  fifteenth-century  collection 
of  prayers,  originally  belonging  to  an  unknown 
cardinal  (525Z.). 

HEER  NIJHOFF  sends  from  the  Hague  his  Cata- 
logues 441  and  442.  The  former  includes  under 
Bibliographic  Cockle's  '  Bibliography  of  English 
Military  Books  up  to  1642,'  1900  (10fl.),  and  Gordon 
Duff's  '  Fifteenth-Century  English  Books,'  Biblio- 
graphical Society,  1917  (30fl.)  There  is  also  a 
French  translation  (lfl.50),  but  published  in  1846 
at  Berlin,  of  "The  Diary  of  Lady  Willoughby.'  an 
additional  testimony  to  the  success  achieved  by 
Mrs.  Hannah  Mary  Rathbone's  semi  -  historical 
fiction  (see  11  S.  x.  241,  297). 

The  January  issue  contains  two  important 
entries  :  a  manuscript  of  the  '  Speculum  Humane 
Salvationi s,'  97  leaves,  with  190  coloured  illustra- 
tions (1400fl.),  and  an  elaborate  history,  in  13  vols., 
of  the  Dutch  horse  artillery  (1200fl.).  The  section 
HeValdique  includes  a  French  manuscript  armorial 
with  1,100  coats  of  arms  (250n.)  and  a  Dutch 
seventeenth  -  century  armorial  with  18  coats  of 
English  peers  (36n.). 


MESSRS.  RIMELL  &  SON  devote  the  first  part 
of  their  Catalogue  248  to  books  on  the  fine  arts 
and  literature,  and  the  second  part  to  engravings. 
Among  the  former  may  be  noted  '  The  Ingoldsby 
Legends,'  with  42  duplicate  proof  impressions 
of  the  engravings,  1864,  151.  15s.  ;  Michel's  '  La 
Reliure  Francaise,'  with  22  plates  of  bindings, 
151.  15s.  ;  a  set  of  first  editions  of  Dickens's 
Christmas  Books,  6  vols.,  with  additional  proofs 
of  the  illustrations,  formerly  the  property  of 
Swain,  the  wood  engraver,  66Z.  ;  an  extra- 
illustrated  copy  of  '  The  Vicar  of  Wakefield,' 
1843,  201.  ;  a  complete  set  of  the  120  plates  issued 
by  the  Society  for  photographing  Relics  of  Old 
London,  10Z.  ;  a  collection  of  1,046  plates  of  the 
Saints,  mounted  in  4  portfolios,  10Z.  10s.  ;  and  an 
extra-illustrated  copy  of  Thomson's  '  Seasons," 
2  vols,  232  plates,  70Z.  An  item  of  a  different 
kind  is  a  manuscript  collection  of  extracts  from, 
Kent  wills  recorded  at  Canterbury,  1444-1730, 
7  vols.,  81. 


to 


WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answers 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  query  ; 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

BARRULK.—  See  ante,  p.  48. 

MR.  J.  B.  WAINEWRIGHT  and  DR.  J.  L.  WHITE- 
HEAD.  —  Forwarded. 

J.  B.  W.  ('An  Adieu  to  the  Turf  ').—  Anti- 
cipated at  12  S.  iv.  55. 

J.  B.  McGovERN  (F.  F.  Montresor).  —  '  The 
Literary  Year-Book  '  and  Dr.  E.  A.  Baker's  'Guide 
to  the  Best  Fiction  '  both  give  Miss  F.  F,  Mon- 
tresor. 

E.  S.  B.  (C.  S.  Calverley's  Charade  IV.).  —  The 
answer  is  "  drugget."  SIR  WUJLOUGHBY  MAY- 
COCK  supplied  at  12  S.  ii.  216  the  answers  to  the 
complete  set. 

H.  R.  B.  (Sir  William  Beechey).—  See  the 
account  in  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  which  cites  several 
works  giving  fuller  information.  See  also  the 
section  '  Art  Sales  '  in  '  The  Year's  Art  '  (Hutchin- 
son &  Co.). 

T.  HAYLER  (Henry  Fen  wick,  M.P.  for  Sunder- 
land).  —  Boase's  '  Modern  English  Biography/ 
vol.  i.  col.  1034,  states  that  Fenwick  died  at 
Lansdowne  House,  Richmond,  Surrey,  on 
April  18,  1868. 

J.  R.  H.  ("  Killed  through  drinking  the  Chelten- 
ham waters  ")•  —  Mr.  E.  R.  Suffling  includes  these 
lines  in  his  '  Epitaphia  '  (p.  299),  placing  them 
at  Droitwich  with  the  date  1701  ;  but  he  adds  r 
"  Some  doubt  has  been  expressed  as  to  whether 
this  epitaph  exists,  and  I  am  sorry  to  say  I  cannot 
vouch  for  it." 

H.  STONE  ("  Sad-iron  ").  —  The  '  New  Eng. 
Diet.'  says  :  "  From  sad,  a.  or  v.  A  smoothing 
iron,  properly  a  solid  flat-iron,  in  contradistinction 
to  a  '  box-iron.'  "  And  under  the  adjective,  in 
various  physical  senses,  the  Diet,  has  :  "7.  Of 
material  objects.  Solid,  dense,  compact  ;  mas- 
sive, heavy.  O6«." 


12  s.  v.  MAKOH,  i9ia]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


57 


LONDON,  MARCH,  1919 


C  0  N  T  E  N  T  S.  —  No.  90. 

NOTES  .-—Classical  Parallelisms  to  the  War,  57— London  - 
Paris  Airship,  58— 'Double  Falsehood,' 60— Inscriptions 
in  St.  John's,  Waterloo  Road,  63— Aviation  in  Eighteenth 
Century— Inscription  on  Seal— Flamsteed:  Halley— Mr. 
Justice  Maule  on  Bigamy,  64 — Bewdley  Apprentices 
and  Mothering  Sunday— J  E.  Scripps— "  Sheer  hulk": 
"The  Spanish  Main "— Snodgrass  Surname,  65. 

QUERIES :  —  '  Alumni  Cantabrigienses '  —  '  The  Poor 
Thresher  '—Richard  Baxter—"  Nablette  "  :  "  Bontefeu  " 
—Henry  Bunnett,  Artist— Virgil  on  Quarrels— Creighton 
on  History.  66— Fable  of  Countryman— Garnham  and 
Hillman— Glamorgan  Volunteer  Rangers— Tennyson— 
Herodias  and  St.  John  the  Baptist's  Head— R.  Simp- 
son, Royal  Farrier— Boumpbrey  Family— W.  Fisher 
Shrapnel— Hawks  to  catch  (salmon,  67 — Francis  Harvey 
of  Natal— Cheveley  and  Tudgay,  Painters— Cantwell 
Family  —  Abanazar —  Dudley  Bernard  —  J.  Haggatt — 
Helicon  Lloyd  —  Susannah  Owens  —  Bibliography  of 
Epitaphs— 'Struwwelpeter'  in  English,  68— "Lick  into 
shape  "—Coleridge  on  "  Bully  "— J.  Turner,  Painter— 
'Irrelagh'— Morland  Gallery— Finkle  Street— Bp.  M. 
Heton— Dr.  E.  Hyde— French  Proverb  on  Politics — St. 
Dunstan's-in-the-East— '•  Crest "  of  Crest-Cloth,  69— St. 
Hilda's,  South  Shields—'  Life  of  Marlborough  '—Toad- 
Juice  —  Whistler :  Pope  —  School  Prize  Compositions- 
Stained  Glass— Submerged  Tracks— Author  Wanted,  70. 

REPLIES :— Foundling  Entries  in  Parish  Registers.  71— 
Henry  I. :  a  Gloucester  Charter,  72— William  Fleete 
of  Selworthy— Pre-Raphaelite  Stained  Glass,  74—'  Greek 
Anthology':  Westminster  and  Eton — Maw  Family  — 
Prudentius's  '  Psychomachia ' — "  Mantle-maker's  twist  " 
—Hon.  Lieut.  George  Stewart,  75  —  Lady  Tynte— Col. 
Macdonell's  Duel  with  Norman  Macleod  —  Hengler 
Family— St.  Cuthman,  76—'  The  Newcomes '—Richard  I. 
in  Captivity,  77  — Markshall,  Honywood  Family,  and 
Fuller  Family  — Andrew  B.  Wright  —  Bad ulla  Tomb- 
etone Inscription,  78— War  Slang—''  Dinkuna  "— "  Camou- 
flage"—Golds  worthy  as  Place-Name — Clay  Balls  for 
Christmas  Boxes,  79— ''Kimono"— Byron  in  Fiction- 
Sable,  on  a  Chevron  Argent — Ainslie  Bond,  80 — Epitaphs 
to  Slaves— W> borne  Family— Robert  Blake-Rain  and 
Mowing  —  Henslowe  and  Ben  Jonson,  81  —  Christmas 
Verses — Byronic  Statue  in  Fleet  Street — Napoleon  and 
Lord  John  Russell — Smoking  in  England,  82— Panton 
Street  Puppet  Show — Matthew  Arnold :  Proving  a  Nega- 
tive—E.  Clerke— Authors  Wanted,  83. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'Characters  from  the  Seventeenth 
Century '  —  ' Chats  on  Royal  Copenhagen  Porcelain'— 
'  Genealogist,'  Vol.  XXXIV.—  '  Oxford  Almanack.' 

OBITUARY :— The  Right  Hon.  G.  W.  E.  Russell. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


CLASSICAL    PARALLELISMS    TO    THE 
WAR. 

AFTER  lecturing  recently  in  camp  for  the 
Khaki  University  of  Canada,  I  was  travelling 
in  the  train  with  an  officer,  and  in  the 
course  of  conversation  on  classical  subjects, 
he  asked  me  if  the  popular  expression 
"  Gone  west  "  took  its  origin  in  some  Greek 
or  Latin  equivalent.*  Undoubtedly  the 
thought  of  the  sunset  of  life  does  find  ex- 
pression in  Greek  and  Latin  writers. 


In  the  first  chorus  of  Sophocles's  '  GEdipus 
Rex  '  we  read  of  the  souls  of  hapless  infants 
winging  their  way 


*  For  suggestions  as  to  the  history  of  the  phrase 
in  English  see  12  S.  iv.  218,  280,  337. 


The  Greeks  had  a  proverb   o 

and     Aristotle,    I    think,    speaks    of 
fttov  ca-iTfpav.       The    Homeric     spirit-world 
is  in  the  region  of  sunset  :  — 
TTCOS  rJA&s  inrb  £6<J3ov  rj 

'AtSrys  8'  e'Aa^e  £6<f>ov 

'II.'  XV.  191. 

The  word  £o</>os,  darkness,  came  to  be  the 
equivalent  of  SiVts.  Again  in  the  '  Odyssey  ' 
(XX.  356)  we  have 

VTTO    o<>ov. 


II.'  XL  155. 


The  idea  of  death  as  a  departure  westward 
will  be  found,  I  think,  in  the  '  Greek 
Anthology  '  ;  but  I  cannot  recall  a  passage, 
though  in  the  epitaph  on  Heracleitus  of 
Halicarnassus  the  poet,  speaking  of  their 
nights  of  happy  converse,  says, 


Ovid  has  a  beautiful  line  — 

Labitur  occiduae  per  iter  declive  senectse. 
Surely  the  expression  "  the  sloping  path  of 
westering  age  "  is  a  very  cognate  idea. 

But  indeed  the  parallels  suggested  by 
ancient  wars  are  manifold.  We  might 
trace  them  in  the  strife  of  Greeks  and 
Persians,  but  more  forcibly  still  in  the 
conflicts  of  Carthage  and  Rome. 

The  hatred  long  fostered  by  Germany, 
the  cold,  calculating  strategy  of  Bernhardi, 
the  fiery  '  Hymn  of  Hate,'  the  toast  of 
"  Der  Tag  !  "  and  the  "  strafing  "  of  Ger- 
many's enemies,  are  fully  matched  by  the 
simple  episode  of  Hamilcar  taking  the 
nine-year-old  Hannibal  to  the  altar  to 
swear  undying  hostility  to  the  Romans  — 
"  altaribus  admotum  tactis  sacris  iure  iurando 
adactum  se  .  .  .  .  hostem  fore  populo  Romano  " 
(Livy,  xxi.  1).  The  breaking  of  treaties, 
"scraps  of  paper,"  and  the  like,  seem 
aptly  foreshadowed  by  the  brief  expression 
"  Punica  fides." 

The  reciprocation  of  feeling  as  shown  by 
the  Roman  "  Delenda  est  Carthago  "  has 
its  counterpart  in  the  "  Eye  for  an  eye,  and 
tooth  for  a  tooth  "  school  now. 

The  torture  and  inhumanity  to  prisoners 
of  old  are  more  than  hinted  at  by  Horace, 
when  he  says  of  Regulus  :  — 

Atqui  sciebatquse  sibi  barbarus 
Tortor  pararet. 

Verily,    history   repeats    itself,    and   hum&n 
nature  repeats  itself,  in  all  ages  ! 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  8.  v.  MARCH,  1919. 


After  the  battle  of  Zama  in  202  B.C. 
the  armistice  terms  of  Scipio  Africanus 
were  every  whit  as  severe  as  those  of 
Marshal  Foch.  In  addition  to  all  else, 
the  Carthaginians  were  compelled  to  give 
up  their  entire  fleet,  save  ten  triremes : 
"  Naves  rostratas  prseter  decem  triremes 
traderent "  (Livy,  xxx.  37).  And  the 
spectacular  end  of  these  ships  is  described 
in  chapter  43 — they  were  publicly  burnt 
on  the  high  seas  :  — 
"  Naves  provectas  in  altum  incendi  iussit.  Quin- 

gentas    fuisse   omnis   generis quidam    tradunt, 

quarum  conspectum  repente  incendium  tarn  lugubre 
fuisse  Poenis  quam  si  ipsa  Carthago  arderet." 

And  yet,  with  all  these  precautions,  we 
may  remember  for  our  warning  that  there 
was  a  third  Punic  war. 

It  is  curious  to  note  what  some  of  the 
ancient  writers  say  of  Germany  itself,  and 
still  more  curious  to  think  that  all  these 
centuries  afterwards  German  professors  are 
still  editing,  collating,  and  expounding 
these  old  writers. 

Tacitus  ('  Germania,'  23)  alludes  to  the 
fondness  of  the  Germans  for  beer ;  they 
have  for  their  beverage  ("  potui  "),  he  says, 
"  humor  ex  hordeo  aut  frumento  in  quam- 
.dam  similitudinem  vini  corruptus."  This 
is  one  of  the  earliest  references  to  what  we 
oall  malt  liquor. 

Posidonius,  who  wrote  before  Caesar, 
speaks  of  the  huge  appetites  of  the  Germans, 
and,  I  think,  Mela  does  the  same.  Every 
schoolboy  must  recall  from  the  background 
of  his  earliest  Latin  memories  the  words  of 
CfBsar,  i.  1  :  "  Horum  omnium  fortissimi 
sunt  Belgce,  proximique  sunt  Germanis  qui 
trans  Rhenum  incolunt." 

Even  where  Tacitus  praises  the  Germans, 
as  he  often  does,  his  words  bear  a  sinister 
significance  in  the  light  of  later  experience  ; 
e.g.,  '  Germania,'  24,  with  reference  to  their 
gambling  debts  :  "  Ea  est  ^in  re  prava 
pervicacia  ;  ipsi  fidem  vocant." 

Had  we  consulted  Virgil,  the  Bath  Kol 
of  mediaeval  times,  as  he  was  once  consulted 
for  oracular  purposes,  a  practice  which 
developed  into  the  Sortos  Virgilianse — had 
we  so  consulted  him  during  the  progress  of 
the  War,  doubtless  many  strikingly  apposite 
quotations  might  have  been  forthcoming. 
One  such  reader,  on  the  very  day  (May  24, 
1915)  that  Italy  joined  the  Allies,  lighted 
upon  the  line, 

Italiam  laeti  socii  clamore  salutant. 

•  ^En.'  III.  524. 

And  another,  after  Lieut.  Warneford's 
brilliant  exploit  in  bringing  down  a  Zeppelin 
(and  the  passage  gains  added  significance 


in  view  of  his  tragic  end),  happened  on  the 
line, 

Macte  nova  virtute  puer  !  sic  itur  ad  astra. 
Of    a    truth    this    is    a    parallelism    indeed 
transcending    anything    the   Mantuan    bard 
could  dream  of,  though  he  sang  of  Daedalus 
and  Icarus.  J.  HUDSON. 

Camberwell,  S.E. 


LONDON-PARIS  AIRSHIP. 

A  STRIKING  anticipation  of  the  events  of 
to-day  is  provided  by  a  handbill  issued  in 
1835  (see  illustration  opposite).  Both  the 
airship  and  its  parent  society  were  derived 
from  Paris,  where,  earlier  in  the  same  year, 
"The  Aeronautical  Society"  had  on  ex- 
hibition at  the  Champ  de  Mars  a  similar 
airship,  measuring  134  ft.  long,  34  ft.  high, 
and  25  ft.  wide,  constructed  from  the 
design  of  M.  Lennon,  a  French  officer,  who 
was  to  have  ascended  with  seventeen 
passengers  and  set  them  down  in  Hyde 
Park  four  hours  later.  So  confident 
were  the  promoters  of  the  success  of  this 
enterprise  that  one  of  them  took  up  his 
residence  in  Sherrard  Street,  Golden  Square, 
to  be  at  hand  when  the  airship  arrived  and 
supervise  the  return  journey.  Unfortu- 
nately the  balloon  burst  while  being  filled, 
and  the  crowd — estimated  to  exceed  100,000 
— rushed  in  and  tore  it  to  pieces.  A  frag- 
ment of  the  envelope  is  preserved  in  vol.  iv. 
of  'Aeronautica  Illustrata'  in  the  Patent 
Office  Library. 

The  Eagle  here  illustrated  was  an  enter- 
prise of  the  same  company,  which  was  now 
known  as  "  The  European  Aeronautical 
Society,"  and  the  designer  and  chief 
showman  as  "  Count  de  Lennox."  The 
Mechanics'  Magazine  (July  18,  1835)  pro- 
vides some  interesting  measurements.  The 
balloon  or  gasholder  was  covered  with 
2,400  yards  of  cotton  lawn,  thoroughly 
varnished  to  make  it  airtight ;  its  capacity 
is  said  to  have  been  7,000  cubic  feet.  "  The 
car  or  packet  boat  is  75  ft.  long  and  7  ft. 
high  ;  the  framework  of  wood  with  strong 
netting  all  round  to  prevent  any  of  the 
crew  or  passengers  from  falling  out."  The 
vessel  was  to  be  propelled  or  directed  to 
favourable  currents  of  air  by  four  wings, 
each  formed  of  80  movable  flaps  of  var- 
nished lawn.  Except  an  allusion  to  "  the 
cabin  containing  the  machinery,"  no  in- 
formation is  afforded  of  the  situation  and 
design  of  the  propelling  force.  The  sails 
at  the  ends  were  for  steering,  or  alterna- 
tively to  add  to  the  propelling  force  by 


i2s. V.MARCH,  1919.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


59 


'European   Aeronautical  Society 


FIRST  AERIAL  SHIP 

THE    EA&LE* 

'  ISO   fieet  long*  £O   fee*   MgBa    4®   feet    wad^ 

BSAJniED    BT    A    C2S.HW    OF    K, 
Constructed  for  establishing  direct  Communications  between  the.  several': 

q>g 


Xhe  First  Experiment  of  thi*  Hew  System  o£. 

Aerial  Navigation. 


Witt.     BE    MADE.    FROM- 


London  to  Paris-:  and  Baefe  again* 


ZTaybe  viewed  from  £is  w  </"?  Iforjiin^  till  Dust  in  $A<?,D<w*  Var<J  o/  the  Secitty,. 
at  th*  entrance  of  Kensington,  Victoria  Road,  /actn  g  •  Kensington  Gardens,  be- 
tween the  first  Turnpike  from  Hyde  Poyk  Corner.  o*d  the  <w*nt*f.  to  Kensington* 


Admittance  every  Bay  oftbe  Week,  I®. 

_  _  _  .  —      •         • 

Free  AdmUstoQ  ihe  whole  Year  (Sundays  oad  Holidays  included)  for  Member 
of  ilie  Society,  and  their  Friooda. 

Every  YeaTly  Subscriber  becomes  a-Hfembef  of  i"rt«  Socf?6y;.  and  vis  each  en* 
titled  liotoiflr  to  permanent  Free*  Admission  for  hiniself*  but  also  to  the  right  of 
""lotto  luciof  ai  ailitaj©*  without  any  charge  a^Parly  of  Friends  not  excsecKng-  8. 

Evert  SoWri&«?  fiftr.Six  Mdotbs  -enjoys  tha  privilojcof  Free  Ajdmissjo.n  with 
Four  Jr»et4*,  during  sbe  wbalc  period  of  bis  Sabccriptioa.- 

Sobtcnfaers  for  Tfcrec  Months'  ere  eatsJkd  to  -tb?  6aaj«  psrsccal  privilege  of 
Fr®«  Adcij*sioo,  bat  TrUh  Two  Frio&ds  Oftly. 

J&abacfiptw&s  received  rt  the  Doe&  Yard  of  ike  Satiety  ±  /or  the 
le^feftr  2  Guineas.  6.  SSo&ths  1  Gcisaea.  3  Months  Half  Guice&» 


tfa® 


Facsimile  of  Handbill  Issued  in  1885. 


60 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v.  MARCH, 


taking  advantage  of  favourable  winds.  A 
careful  examination  of  all  the  printed 
matter  relating  to  it  has  not  disclosed  how — 
if  in  any  manner — the  ship  moved.  The 
wheels  or  rollers  under  the  car  or  packet 
boat  also  do  not  receive  notice  ;  so,  although 
they  are  an  intelligent  suggestion  of  land- 
ing wheels,  we  must  suppose  they  only 
aided  the  movement  of  the  ship  about  the 
showground. 

A  long  letter  of  this  Count  de  Lennox, 
asking  for  the  loan  of  200Z.,  points  out  that 
at  least  20,000  persons  would  pay  a  shilling 
or  more  to  see  it,  and  the  person  addressed 
could  have  his  own  representatives  at  the 
ticket  office  to  secure  the  recovery  of  his 
proportion  of  the  receipts.  The  enter- 
prise was  suspect  from  the  first ;  thus  The 
Morning  Herald  (July,  1835)  concludes  a 
long  note :  "  We  should  hope  that  their 
argonautics  will  not  end  in  their  obtaining 
a  Golden  Fleece  without  the  trouble  of 
sailing." 

The  airship  was  removed  on  a  Monday 
evening  early  in  September  to  Vaux- 
hall  Gardens,  and  an  illustrated  broadside 
printed  and  sold  by  G.  Smeeton  was  re- 
issued, "  Now  exhibiting  at  Vauxhall  Gar- 
dens "  being  substituted  for  "  Which  is 
shortly  to  ascend  from  Kensington."  A 
rumour  that  it  had  been  destroyed  was 
contradicted,  but  it  was  ultimately  seized 
for  debt  by  the  Sheriff  of  Middlesex,  and 
removed  in  three  wagons,  a  newspaper 
(the  cutting  not  identified)  commenting : 
"  Behold  the  farce  of  the  bottle  conjurer 
over  again." 

I  have  failed  to  trace  the  subsequent  fate 
of  the  Eagle.  It  was  on  exhibition  at 
Vauxhall  on  Sept.  12,  when  an  ascent  in 
twelve  days'  time,  with  Count  Lennox,  his 
wife,  and  six  other  persons,  was  promised  ; 
but  I  have  been  unable  to  discover  anything 
further.  ALECK  ABBAHAMS. 


*  DOUBLE     FALSEHOOD  '  : 
SHAKESPEARE,    FLETCHER,    AND 
THEOBALD.      , 

(See  ante,  p.  30.) 

TURNING  now  to  the  internal  evidence,  it 
is  to  be  said  that  the  determination  of  the 
authorship  of  the  play  is  no  easy  matter, 
by  reason  of  the  fact  that  it  has  been,  in  the 
words  of  the  royal  licence  prefixed  to  the 
1728  edition,  "  with  great  labour  and  pains 
revised  and  adapted  to  the  stage "  by 


Theobald.  None  of  the  recognized  means 
can  be  employed  uniformly :  the  verse's 
mechanism  cannot  easily  be  set  down  on 
percentage  bases ;  its  incalculable  music 
has  been  robbed  of  much  of  its  individuality  ; 
the  dramatic  technique  and  the  characteri- 
zation afford  no  sound  criteria ;  and  the 
imagery,  the  habit  of  thought,  the  diction, 
and  the  sentence-building  of  the  original 
writer  or  writers  have  been  so  overlaid  that 
definite  results  are  not  to  be  looked  for. 
There  has  of  recent  years  been  a  tendency 
among  University  critics — who  are  appar- 
ently deaf  to  the  differences  between  the 
lyrical  swing  of  the  verse  of  Fletcher,  the 
noble  march  of  the  verse  of  Beaumont,  the 
subtle  music  of  the  verse  of  Shakespeare, 
and  the  frigid  rhetorical  cadence  of  Mas- 
singer — to  judge  the  authorship  of  Eliza- 
bethan plays  almost  entirely  by  diction ; 
and  to  such  an  absurd  length  has  this  been 
carried  that  one  even  objected  to  my  attri- 
bution of  certain  short  passages  of  a 
Shakespearian  play  to  Massinger  on  the 
ground  that  they  showed  none  of  his 
favourite  phrases,  though,  if  this  view  were 
pressed  honestly  and  consistently  to  its- 
logical  conclusion,  Massinger  would  be 
robbed  of  25  per  cent  of  his  acknowledged 
work. 

The  first  and  best  test  is  that  of  the  ear, 
for  those  who  have  ears  ;  the  secondary 
tests  should  be  mathematical  and  mechani- 
cal, dealing  with  the  mechanism  of  the 
sentence  and  with  the  mechanism  of  the 
verse  (though  some  tests,  it  is  to  be  noted, 
are  much  less  valuable  than  others,  since 
the  characteristics  they  deal  with  are 
deliberate  and  easily  imitable,  while  the 
characteristics  dealt  with  by  other  tests  are 
neither  the  one  nor  the  other) ;  and  then  on 
the  third  line  comes  the  diction  ;  while  the 
technique,  the  characterization,  the  imagery,, 
and  the  habit  of  thought  must  remain  very 
unreliable  guides. 

Farmer  and  Dyce  considered  the  play 
Shirley's  ;  but  I  fail  to  see  any  reason  for 
such  an  attribution.  Massinger  also  has 
been  suggested  ;  but  there  are  not  in  the 
whole  play  half-a-dozen  lines  that  in  the 
very  slightest  degree  remind  me  of  that 
dramatist.  Of  those  writers  with  whom  the 
play  has  never  been  connected  on  any 
grounds  (however  slight)  of  external  evi- 
dence, Beaumont  is  the  only  one  of  whom 
I  am  sufficiently  reminded  to  warrant  any 
real  examination  of  his  claim  ;  and,  when 
one  bears  in  mind  his  connexion  with 
Fletcher  and  the  date  of  the  play,  one  may 
be  justified  in  adding  his  name  to  the  names 


12  S.  V.  MARCH,  1919.]  NOTES   AND    QUERIES. 


61 


of  Shakespeare,  Fletcher,  and  Theobald  as 
those  for  whose  characteristics  special 
search  is  to  be  made. 

Mr.  Bradford  was  the  first  critic  to  note 
(or  at  least  the  first  to  announce  the  fact) 
that  a  new  voice  became  audible  in  the 
third  scene  of  Act  III.  ;  and  here  let  me 
remark  that  with  Mr.  Bradford's  division 
of  the  play  between  the  two  original  authors 
I  am  in  almost  complete  agreement — a  fact 
which  may  be  worthy  of  note,  inasmuch  as 
the  result  was  not  obtained  by  a  mere 
checking  of  Mr.  Bradford's  work,  but  by  an 
entirely  independent  examination,  a  com- 
parison being  made  only  after  I  had  obtained 
my  own  results  and  formed  my  own  con- 
clusions. 

According  to  these,  there  is  no  Fletcher  in 
the  play  prior  to  III.  iii.,  but  thenceforward 
he  is  dominant.  In  that  scene  both  Fletcher 
-and  Theobald  are  detectable,  but  Theobald 
has  revised  only  the  first  nine  speeches,  the 
remainder  of  his  work  being  limited  to  the 
providing  of  a  closing  couplet.  The  opening 
part  of  IV.  i.  (to  Julio's  entry)  is  Fletcher's, 
either  pure  or  as  revised  by  Theobald  ;  and 
his  too  is  that  part  of  the  scene  lying  between 
Violante's  re-entry  and  the  entry  of  Roderick, 
the  conclusion  being  Theobald's.  The  next 
scene,  as  far  as  "  And  those  to  come  shall 
sweetly  sleep  together,"  is  wholly  Fletcher's 
'(though  not  very  characteristic  of  him), 
with  the  exception  of  the  song,  which  must 
be  Theobald's  :  none  of  the  Elizabethans 
would  have  fathered  it.  The  latter  part  of 
the  scene  shows  Theobald  patching  Fletcher's 
work.  We  have  more  alteration  of  Fletcher 
in  V.  i.  ;  and  we  have  the  same  writer  and 
reviser  present  in  the  final  scene  from  "  Thou 
.art  a  right  one,"  though  as  far  as  "  Duke. 
Weep  not,  child,"  is  untouched  (but  not 
particularly  characteristic)  Fletcher,  while 
from  "  Leon.  The  righteous  pow'rs  at  length 
have  crown' d  our  loves,"  nothing  of  the 
original  writer  is  left. 

I  may,  I  think,  safely  direct  the  attention 
of  any  one  who  knows  Fletcher  (bearing  in 
mind  that  it  is  the  Fletcher  of  the  period 
of  '  Two  Noble  Kinsmen  '  and  '  Henry  VIII.' 
and  '  Honest  Man's  Fortune,'  and  not  the 
Fletcher  of  the  period  of  '  Rule  a  Wife  ')  to 
such  a  passage  as  this  from  III.  iii.  :  — 
-She's  stol'n  away  ;  and  whither  gone  I  know  not. 

Cam.     She  has  a  fair  blessing  in  being  from  you, 

sir. 

I  was  too  poor  a  brother  for  your  greatness  : 
You  must  be  grafted  into  noble  stocks 
And    have     your   titles   rais'd.       My    state   was 

laughed  at 

And  my  alliance  scorn'd.     I  've  lost  a  son  too,J 
Which  must  not  be  put  up  so. 


And  this  from  IV.  i.  :  — 

Mast.     Have  you  learnt  the  whistle  yet,  and 

when  to  fold, 

And  how  to  make  the  dog  bring  in  the  strayers  ? 
Viol.     Time,  sir,  will  furnish  me  with  all  these 

rules. 

My  will  is  able,  but  my  knowledge  weak,  sir. 
Mast.    That's    a    good    child :    why  dost   thou 

blush,   my  boy  ? — 

'Tis  certainly  a  woman.  [A side.]— Speak,  my  boy. 
Viol.     Heav'n  !  how  I  tremble  ! — 'Tis  unusual 

to  me 

To  find  such  kindness  at  a  master's  hand 
That  am  a  poor  boy,  ev'ry  way  unable, 
Unless  it  be  in  pray'rs,  to  merit  it. 
Besides,  J'ye  often  heard  old  people  say 
Too  much  indulgence  makes  boys  rude  and  sawcy. 
Mast.     Are  you  so  cunning  ? 
Viol.  How  his  eyes  shake  fire 

And  measure  ev'rj  piece  of  youth  about  me  ! 

[Aside. 

The  ewes  want  water,  sir :  shall  I  go  drive  'em 
Down    to    the    cisterns  ?       Shall  I  make  haste, 

sir? — 

'Would   I  were  five  miles  from  him!     How  he 

gripes  me  !  [Aside. 

Mast.     Come,  come,    all  this   is  not  sufficient, 

child, 

To  make  a  fool  of  me.     This  is  a  fine  hand, 
A  delicate  fine  hand — never  change  colour  : 
You  understand  me — and  a  woman's  hand. 

And  this  from  IV.  ii.  : — 

I  cannot  get  this  false  man's  memory 

Out  of  my  mind.     You  maidens  that  shall  live 

To  hear  my  mournful  tale  when  I  am  ashes, 

Be  wise,  and  to  an  oath  no  more  give  credit, 

To  tears,  to  vows  (false  both),  or  any  thing 

A    man    shall    promise,    than    to    clouds,    that 

now 
Bear     such    a    pleasing     shape,    and    now    are 

nothing  ; 

For  they  will  cozen  (if  they  may  be  cozen'd) 
The  very  gods  they  worship. 

And  finally  this  from  V.  i.  : — 

And  dare  you  lose  these  to  be  advocate 

For  such  a  brother,  such  a  sinful  brother, 

Such  an  unfaithful,  treacherous,  brutal  brother  ? 

Mr.  Bradford  has  no  hesitation  about 
claiming  Fletcher  as  one  of  the  original 
writers  of  the  play ;  but  he  hesitates  to 
name  Shakespeare  as  the  other.  One  can, 
however,  unless  I  am  mistaken,  read 
between  the  lines  that  he  is  only  deterred 
from  doing  so  by  that  fear  which  most 
people  have  of  venturing  to  run  counter  to 
the  opinion  of  the  many  famous  critics  who 
have  expressed  their  views  on  the  Shake- 
speare canon.  It  needs  even  more  courage 
to  declare  any  play  outside  of  the  canon  to 
be  in  any  degree  Shakespeare's  than  to 
question  the  authenticity  of  scenes  in  the 
canonical  plays  which  the  high  Panjandrums 
of  the  Elizabethan  drama  have  treated  as 
indubitably  genuine  ;  and,  instead  of  blam- 
ing Mr.  Bradford  for  his  reticence,  we  may 


62 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [12  s.  v.  MABCH, 


be  grateful  to  him  for  daring  to  say  all  he 
has  said.  But,  apart  from  the  general 
inclination  to  discredit  any  attribution  to 
Shakespeare  of  any  play  not  clearly  his  on 
the  external  evidence,  the  critics  of  the  day 
have  made  a  "  dead  set  "on  *  Double  False- 
hood.' Mr.  D.  Nichol  Smith  in  his  *  Eigh- 
teenth-Century Essays  '  says  that  Theobald 
in  ascribing  the  play  to  Shakespeare  "  must 
at  least  stand  convicted  of  ignorance  of  the 
Shakespearian  manner "  ;  Sir  Sidney  Lee 
maintains  that  "  there  is  nothing  in  the 
play  as  published  by  Theobald  to  suggest 
Shakespeare's  hand  "  ;  and  Prof.  Lounsbury 
declares  that  "  there  is  scarcly  a  trace  of 
the  great  dramatist  in  it,  even  of  his  best  or 
worst  manner."  Mr.  Bradford  in  his  article 
reminds  me  that  I  too  have  written  similarly, 
having  pronounced  the  play  to  contain 
"  nothing  that  could  have  been  written  by 
Fletcher  or  Shakespeare."  So  rash  a  state- 
ment is  characteristic  of  the  attitude  of 
more  than  myself.  When  I  made  it  a 
quarter  of  a  century  ago  in  the  course  of  an 
examination  into  the  authorship  of  the 
Beaumont  and  Fletcher  plays,  I  was  so 
overcome  by  the  prevalence  of  the  idea  that 
the  play  was  by  Theobald  himself  that, 
supposing  it  outside  my  scope,  I  wasted  no 
time  on  it,  but  gave  a  mere  casual  glance 
at  a  chance  page  or  two  of  a  copy  in  the 
British  Museum.  I  confess  my  fault  and 
retract.  The  play  does  contain  much  of 
Fletcher's  work  :  does  it  also  contain  any 
of  Shakespeare's  ? 

Mr.  Bradford  speaks,  quite  rightly,  of  the 
presence  of  "  a  firmer,  stronger  hand  "  than 
Fletcher's  :  this  hand  is  to  be  found  overlaid 
by  Theobald's  in  the  first  two  speeches  of 
I.  i.  ;  in  I.  ii.  (with  the  exception  of  the  10 
speeches  beginning  "  Leon.  What  do  you 
mean  ?  ")  ;  in  I.  iii.  ;  in  II.  i.  ;  in  II.  ii.  ; 
in  III.  i.  ;  in  the  first  4  speeches  of  III.  ii. 
and  in  that  portion  of  the  scene  lying  between 
"  Scene  opens  to  a  large  hall"  and  "Most 
perjur'd  if  I  do  '  ;  and  in  the  5  speeches 
immediately  succeeding  Julio's  entry  in 
IV.  i.  (the  first  of  these  being  apparently  free 
from  any  impertinent  intrusion  on  the 
reviser's  part).  The  balance  of  I.  i.  and 
I.  ii.,  the  whole  of  II.  iii.  and  II.  iv.,  the 
balance  of  III.  ii.,  and  the  succeeding  part 
of  IV.  i.  to  the  re-entry  of  Violante,  seem 
to  be  entirely  the  work  of  the  reviser,  though 
in  these  portions  of  both  III.  ii.  and  IV.  i. 
there  may  possibly  be  relics  of  the  older 
writer. 

Is  Mr.  Bradford's  "  firmer,  stronger  hand  " 
the  hand  of  Shakespeare  ?  One  is  inclined 
to  see  something  of  his  bold,  vigorous  touch 


in  the  use  of  "  heirs  "  as  a  verb  in  I.  i.,  and 

in  such  lines  as 

Aa  if  she  there  sev'n  reigns  had  slander 'd  Time.. 

(I.  iii.) 

Those  that  subtly  make  their  words  their  ward. 
Keeping  Address  at  distance.  (I.  ii.) 

My  flames  are  in  the  flint. 
Haply,  to  lose  a  husband  I  may  weep  ; 
Never  to  get  one.  (I.  ii.) 

Is  not  this  a  Shakespearian  coinage  set  in  a 
Shakespearian  construction  ? — 

What  you  can  say   is  most  unseasonable ;    what 

sing, 
Most  absonant  and  harsh.  (I.  iii.) 

In  II.  i.,  printed  as  prose,  we  have  a  sentence 
more     like    [Shakespeare     than      any     one 


"  Not  love,f  but  brutal  violence  prevail'd  ;  to- 
which  the  time  and  place  and  opportunity  were 
accessaries  most  dishonourable  "  ; 

and  there  are  other  lines  that  speak  to  me 
(perhaps  deceivingly)  as  Shakespeare's. 
But,  finally,  let  me  quote  a  passage  from 
III.  i.  which  it  requires  some  boldness  to 
quote,  since  it  contains  the  famous 
line  denounced  by  Pope  as  being  too- 
bathetical  to  be  by  any  possibility  Shake- 
speare's : — 

Is  there  a  treachery  like  this  in  baseness 
Recorded  any  where  ?     It  is  the  deepest : 
None  but  itself  can  be  its  parallel : 
And  from  a  friend  profess'd  ! — Friendship  ?  Why, 

'tis 

A  word  for  ever  maim'd  :  in  human  nature 
It  was  a  thing  the  noblest,  and  'mong  beasts 
It  stood  not  in  mean  place  :  things  of  fierce 

nature 

Bold  amity  and  concordance.     Such  a  villany 
A  writer  could  not  put  down  in  his  scene 
Without  taxation  of  his  auditory 
For  fiction  most  enormous. 

I  have  not  by  me  Theobald's  defence  of  ih& 
line  which  Pope  ridiculed  ;  but  he  is  stated 
by  Prof.  Lounsbury  to  have  shown  conclu- 
sively "  that  this  particular  line  selected 
for  animadversion  was  not  different  in 
character  from  several  others  to  be  found  " 
in  Shakespeare.  Gifford  indeed  took  the 
line  as  a  proof  of  the  Elizabethan  origin  of 
the  play ;  and  the  same  critic  also  pointed 
out  that  the  use  of  the  word  "  comparison  " 
for  "caparison"  in  I.  iii.  ("Throw  all  my 
gay  comparisons  aside  "),  over  which  Pop& 
made  merry,  was  to  be  matched  in  Mas- 
singer's  *  Picture  '  ("  Rich  suits,  the  gay 
comparisons  of  pride  "),  and  that  it  con- 
stituted a  proof  of  Theobald's  good  faith. 


Melbourne. 


E.  H.  C.  OLIPHANT. 


(To  be  concluded.) 


12  8.  V.  MARCH,  1919.]  NOTES   AND    QUERIES. 


63 


INSCRIPTIONS  IN 

ST.    JOHN   THE   EVANGELIST'S, 

WATERLOO    ROAD. 

THESE  abstracts  were  made  in  August,  1916. 
A  tablet  in  the  south  gallery  was  illegible. 

NORTH  SIDE. 

1.  Mary  Jemima  Shepard,  sister  of  Mr.  William 
M.erritt,  churchwarden  of  this  church  for  many 
years,  chairman  of  the  Board  of  Guardians,  b.  in 
St.  Margaret's,   Westminster,   Nov.   7,   1803  ;   d. 
May  2,  1891,  a.  88. 

2.  Arthur  Clifford  Earp,  sometime  chorister  of 
this  church,  eldest  son  of  Thomas  Earp,  sculptor, 
d.  July  11,  1886,  a.  31. 

3.  Thomas   Earp,   sculptor,   sometime   church- 
warden of  this  p.,  b.  Jan.  31,  1828,  d.  Sept.  12, 
1893,  and  was  bur.  in  Nunhead  Cemetery. 

4.  Henry  William  Herbert,  b.  Nov.  17,  1857, 
d.  Mar.  4,  1891,  and  was  bur.  in  Norwood  Ceme- 
tery.    He  did  his  duty  bravely  and  truly  to  his 
home  and  neighbourhood. 

6.  Sarah  Isherwood,  b.  Nov.  27, 1811,  d.  Nov.  2, 
1887,  who  for  59  years  worshipped  in  this  church, 
and  during  the  whole  of  her  life  tried  to  do  her 
duty  to  her  God,  her  church,  and  her  parish. 

6.  George  Thomas  Baxter,  Esq.,  d.  Ap.  7,  1833, 
a.  37.     Mary,  his  wid.,  afterwards  mar.  to  James 
Anderton,  Esq.,  d.  May  8,  1854,  a.  53.     Bur.  in 
Highgate  Cemetery. 

7.  Mr.  James  Braby,  d.  Jan.  11,  1846,  a.  72. 
Hannah,  his  wife,  d.  June  13,  1854,  a.  79. 

8.  C.L.B.    |  St.   John's     Company.     I  B.I.P.  I 
S.  W.  Gardner,  b.  Jan.  1,  1891,  d.  July  5,  1904. 
W.  J.  Hems,  b.  Dec.  25,  1890,  d.  Aug.  20,  1913. 

IN  THE  CHANCEL,  SOUTH. 

9.  A  brass,  now  illegible. 

10.  Richard  Maynard,  gent.,  of  St.  Stephen's, 
Cornwall,  late  of  Upper  Stamford  St.,  d.  Sept.  10. 
1834,  a.  40. 

11.  Martin  Jones,  churchwarden,  d.  July  29, 
1827,  a.  47. 

SOUTH  SIDE. 

12.  Mr.    Richard    Edwards,    warden    of    this 
church,   d.   Nov.   25,   1853,   a.   57.     Erected   by 
fellow-parishioners . 

13.  William     George     Trewby,     husband     of 
Charlotte  Trewby,  d.  June  18,  1899,  a.  65. 

14.  John  Charles  Stahlschmidt,  Esq.,  of  this  p., 
and  of  Weybridge,  Surrey,  member  of  the  Royal 
Hanoverian  Guelphic  Order,  d.  suddenly  Ap.  20, 
1842,  a.  50.     His  dau.  Edith  Mary,  d.  Jan.  22, 
1834,  a.  2  y.  7  m.     Sarah,  his  wid.,  dau.  of  the 
late  Thomas  Lett  of  this  p.,  d.  on  the  Feast  of  the 
Annunciation,  1890,  a.  86. 

15.  The  Rev.  Donald  Trewby,  M.A.,  b.  Ap.  13, 
1861,  d.  Aug.  30,  1896,  chaplain  at   Dum    Dum, 
Calcutta,  formerly  curate  of  this  parish. 

16.  Haud   procul   ab   hoc   loco   sepultus   est  | 
Robertus     Gulielmus     Elliston  |  cujus    memoriae 
sacrum     liberi     sui     superstites  |  (amicis     etiam 
quibusdam    opem    afferentibus)  J  hoc    marmor 
non     sine     lachrymis     ponendum  curaverunt. 
Optimus  ille  parens  ingenio   capaci  praeditus. 
Natus   est  septimo   die   Aprilis   MDCCLXXIV,  |  et, 
spe  melioris  sevi,  mortem  obiit  |  octavo  die  Julii 
MDCCCXXXI. 


Dum  pia  Melpomene,  nato  pereunte  querelas 
Fundit,  et  ante  alias  orba  Thalia  gemit ; 
Non  minus  in  fletus  fldi  solvuntur  amici. 
Non  minus  egregii  pignora  chara  tori : 
jSSquum,  et  propositi  deplorant  grande  tenacem, 
Eximiee  fldei  justitiseque,  virum. 

17.  Vivian  Trewby,  a.  25,  trooper,  51  Company 
Imperial  Yeomanry  (Paget's  Horse),  youngest  son 
of  William  George  and  Charlotte  Trewby,  killed  in 
action  at  Kaalkraal,  S.  Africa,  May  5,  1901,  and 
bur.  by  the  Boers. 

18.  John  Charles  Napleton,  B.A.,  third  incum- 
bent of  this  church,  b.  St.  James's  day,  1810,  at 
Powderham  Rectory,  Devon,  d.  Ap.  13,  1867. 

19.  Of  your  charity  pray  for  the  soul  of  James 
Aitken  Johnston,  Vicar  of  St.  John's,  and  patron 
of  this  church,  who  departed  this  life  Aug.  29, 
1871.     Jesu  Mercy. 

20.  [A    window]    Arthur    James    Davey,    for 
20  years  Head  Master  of  St.  John's  Boys'  School, 
d.  Oct.  30,  1901. 

21.  Richard  Wicksteed,  b.  at  Shifnal,  Salop, 
1767,  d.  in  this  p.,  1828. 

22.  George,  son  of  Alethea  Desborough,  d.  Aug., 
1841,  and  was  bur.  in  this  churchyard. 

23.  Harry  Charles  Thompson,  b.  Feb/10,"1866, 
d.  Feb.  14,  1876.     A  member  of  the  choir. 

IN  THE  CHANCEL,"1  NORTH. 

24.  William  Philip,  only  son  of   Jeremiah  and 
Hester  Dean,  of  Bishopsgate  St.,  d.  Nov.  19,  1831, 
a.  21.     Hester,  his  mother,  d.  Nov.  22,  1834,  a.  60. 

25.  Edward  Vere,  Esq.,  of  this  p.  and  Oxford 
Lodge,  Croydon,  d.  Aug.  4,  1843,  a.  73.     Erected 
by  his  son  and  daughter. 

26.  Ann  Kirk,  d.  Feb.  26,  1887,  a.  54.     Erected 
by  her  son. 

IN  NORTH  GALLERY. 

27.  Thomas  Lett,  Esq.,  d.  Aug.  25,  1830,  a.  60. 
He  was  for  many  years  a  magistrate  of  the  county 
of  Surrey,  and  High  Sheriff  in  1817. 

28.  [On  the  Lectern]  This  lectern  and  Bible  were 
given  to  the  church  of  St.  John,  Waterloo  Road, 
by  the  Rev.  N.  E.  Muggeridge  in  memory  of  his 
brother,  John  Frederick  Muggeridge. 

29.  [On  the  processional  cross]    To  the  glory  of 
God.     In  memory  of  M.  W.  Sheppard,  d.  July  27, 
1896.     R.I.P. 

INDEX  OP  NAMES. 

Anderton,  6  Hems,  8  Muggeridge,  28  ! 

Baxter,  6  Herbert,  4         Napleton,  18 

Braby,  7  Isherwood,  5     Shepard,  1 

Davey,  20  Johnston,  19    Sheppard,  29 

Dean,  24  Jones,  11  Stahlschmidt,  14 

Desborough,  22      Kirk,  26  Thompson,  23 

Earp,  2,  3  Lett,  14, 27       Trewby,13,15,17 

Edwards,  12  Maynard,  10    Vere,  25 

Elliston,  16  Merritt,  1          Wicksteed,  21 

Gardner,  8 

INDEX  OP  PLACES. 
Bishopsgate  St.,  24  Powderham,  Dev.,  18  1 

Croydon,  25  St.    Margaret's,    West- 

Dum  Dum,  15  minster,  1 

Highgate  Cemetery,  6         St.     Stephen's,      Cor~- 
Kaalkraal,South  Africa,          wall,  10 

17  Shifnal,  Salop,  21 

Norwood  Cemetery,  4        Stamford  Street,  10     *• 
Nunhead  Cemetery,  3         Weybridge,  Surrey,  14 

G.  S.  PARRY,  Lieut.-Col. 
17  Ashley  Mansions,  S.W.I. 


64 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v.  MARCH, 


[  AVIATION  IN  THE  EIGHTEENTH  CENTURY. 
— Some  day  the  would-be  historian  of  flying 
will  be  searching  the  indexes  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
for  antiquarian  lore  on  the  subject.  He  will 
find  the  following  singularly  prophetic  verses 
in  a  quarto  pamphlet  entitled  '  The  Scrib- 
leriad:  an  Heroic  Poem'  (R.  Dodsley,  1751). 
The  anonymous  writer  was  Richard  Owen 
Cambridge  (see  book  iv.  p.  15)  :  — 

Let  brisker  youths  their  active  nerves  prepare, 
Fit  their  light  silken  wings  and  skim  the  buxom 
air. 

*  *  *  *  * 

Mov'd  by  my  words,  two  youths  of  equal  fire 

Spring  from  the  crowd  and  to  the  prize  aspire  : 
The  one,  a  German,  of  distinguished  fame  ; 

His  rival  from  projecting  Britain  came. 
They  spread  their  wings,  and  with  a  rising  bound 

Swift  at  the  word,  together  quit  the  ground. 
The  Briton's  rapid  flight  outstrips  the  wind  ; 

The  lab'ring  German  urges  close  behind, 
As  some  slight  bark  pursu'd  by  ships  of  force 

St'-etches  each  sail  to  swell  her  swifter  course. 
The  nimble  Briton  from  his  rival  flies, 

And  soars  on  bolder  pinions  to  the  skies. 
Sudden   the   string,   which   bound   his   plumage, 
broke  ; 

His  naked  arms  in  yielding  air  he  shook. 
His  naked  arms  no  more  support  his  weight, 

But  fail  him  ;  sinking  from  his  airy  height, 
Yet  as  he  falls — so  chance,  or  fate,  decreed — 

His  rival  near  urged  his  winged  speed 
Not  unobserv'd  (despair  suggests  a  thought)  : 

Fast  by  the  foot  the  heedless  youth  he  caught, 
And  drew  the  insulting  victor  to  the  ground 

While  rocks  and    woods    with  loud    applause 
resound. 


The  word  "  insulting"  is  obviously  a  mis- 
print in  the  original  for  "  exulting." 

There  is  a  full -page  copperplate  frontis- 
piece depicting  the  rivals  in  mid-air,  while 
a  large  crowd  of  learned  savants  watch  the 
race.  The  Englishman  flies  by  means  of  a 
pair  of  fluted  fans  attached  to  his  shoulder- 
blades,  and  working  on  a  kind  of  swivel  or 
ball -jointed  socket.  The  German  bears  on 
each  shoulder  a  long  rod,  at  each  end  of 
which  is  a  species  of  inverted  bricklayer's  hod. 
That  an  airman  could  fly  by  means  of  either 
apparatus  calls  for  considerable  imagination. 
W.  JAGGABD,  Capt. 

4  London  Wall  Buildings,  E.C.2. 

INSCRIPTION  ON  SEAL.  (See  9  S.  ix.  329.) 
— A  query  remains  alive  until  it  has  had 
its  note.  The  legend  concerning  which 
MB.  E.  MONTEITH  MACPHAIL  inquired  in 
1902  is  in  the  language  of  Tonga,  and  may 
be  readily  recovered  in  the  queried  form 
ofa  taitoogoo  from  the  vocabulary  in  the 
second  volume  of  Mariner.  The  language 
has  since  been  standardized,  and  the  or- 
thography improved  over  Mariner's  rather 


creditable  effort  a  century  ago.  In  the 
vocabulary  of  the  Rev.  Shirley  Waldemar 
Baker,  a  most  remarkable  missionary,  we 
find  ofa  taetuku  as  love  everlasting.  Ofa 
properly  designates  a  set  of  emotions  which 
find  a  pneumogastric  reaction — love,  but 
quite  as  much  grief  and  compassion  ;  the 
second  word  is  composite  of  the  negative 
tae  (not  a  pure  diphthong,  but  a  glide  of  the 
two  vowels  with  Italian  phonetic  value) 
and  of  tuku,  to  cease. 

WILLIAM  CHURCHILL. 
Cosmos  Club,  Washington,  B.C. 

[MB.  MACPHAIL,  from  whom  we  were  glad  to 
insert  a  reply  last  month  (p.  48),  will  doubtless  be 
grateful  to  our  American  correspondent  ior  now 
answering  his  query  of  so  many  years  ago.] 

JOHN  FLAMSTEED  :  DR.  EDMOND  HALLEY. 
—I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  Ralph  J.  Beevor, 
of  Reymerston,  Manor  Road,  St.  Albaner 
for  the  extracts  given  below  from  Baily's 
*  Life  of  Flamsteed  '  (London,  1835)  :— 

"  A  correspondence  began  with  Mr.  Bossley,  an. 
apothecary  of  Bakewell  in  Derbyshire,  and  Mr. 
Luke  Leigh,  a  poor  kinsman  of  Mr.  Bailey's,  of 
the  same  clan,  and  myself  [1696]."— P.  63. 

"  Mr.  Leigh  I  hired  to  calculate  the  places  of 
the  fixed  stars." — P.  64. 

"  1712,  June  18.  Dr.  Bailey  came,  and 
brought  his  wife,  son,  and  daughter  with  him." — 
P.  229. 

"Mar.  8,  1704/5.  Letter  from  Mr.  Flamsteed 
to  Mr.  Bossley.  '  I  received  a  letter  from  Mr. 
Leigh  a  great  while  ago  to  acknowledge  the 
receipt  of  a  relief  I  sent  him  to  support  him  in  his 
sickness.'  "—P.  236. 

Mr.  Beevor  expresses  the  opinion  that 
the  word  "  clan "  in  the  earliest  of  the 
above  extracts,  which  he  was  at  first  in- 
clined to  treat  as  a  synonym  of  "  place  " 
(Bakewell),  may,  perhaps,  be  used  as  a 
synonym  for  "  profession  "  or  "  calling," 
and  imply  only  that  Luke  Leigh  also  was 
an  apothecary.  "  In  any  case  it  seems 
pretty  clear  that  he  was  of  Derbyshire." 

The  register  of  Bakewell  can  hardly  fail 
to  give  some  Halley  information. 

EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

4450  Woodlawn  Avenue,  Chicago,  111. 

MB.  JUSTICE  MAULE  ON  *  BIGAMY  AND 
DIVOBCE. — Readers  of  legal  ana  are  familiar 
with  the  severe  satire  on  the  law  of  divorce 
as  it  then  existed  which  was  embodied  by 
the  above  judge  (see  ante,  p.  7)  in  a  nominal 
sentence  for  bigamy.  The  '  D.N.B.'  places 
this  at  Warwick  Assizes,  so  far  agreeing 
with  the  detailed  account  in  Walton's 
'  Random  Recollections  of  the  Midland 
Circuit'  (1869),  where  the  spring  of  1845 


12  S.  V.  MAECH,  1919.]  NOTES   AND    QUERIES. 


65 


is  given  as  the  date  of  the  trial ;  but  Walton 
gives  the  sentence  as  four  months'  im- 
prisonment with  hard  labour,  whilst  the 
*  D.N.B.'  puts  it  as  one  day.  A  quite 
recent  book,  '  In  the  Days  of  Victoria : 
some  Memories  of  Men  and  Things,'  by 
Thomas  F.  Plowman  (1918),  however,  relates 
that  the  author  was  present  when  the 
incident  occurred  "  in  the  spring  of  1854  " 
at  Oxford  Assizes,  he  being  then  a  lad  of 
some  ten  years  old  and  living  with  his 
father,  a  well-known  resident  of  Oxford. 
Mr.  Plowman  says  : — 

"  I  can  still  see  the  pathetic  figure  of  the  poor 
blubbering  man  as  he  stood  in  the  dock,  having 
pleaded  guilty,  and  in  broken  accents  appealed  for 
mercy.  He  was  a  coal-heaver,  and  he  looked  it. 
He  was  in  the  old-fashioned  clothes  of  his  calling 
in  those  days,  including  breeches  and  thick 
worsted  stockings.  He  told  how  his  wife  had 
rendered  his  house  desolate  by  robbing  it,  and 
then  running  away  with  the  paramour.  He 
waited  some  years,  and,  hearing  nothing  of  her, 
married  again,  and  was  living  happily  when  she 
swooped  down  upon  him  and  informed  against 
him  for  bigamy." 

These  irreconcilable  statements  as  to  the 
time  and  place  of  an  occurrence  which 
became  almost  classic  in  its  bearing  on  the 
change  in  divorce  law  are  not  without 
interest,  and  it  should  not  be  difficult  to 
disinter  the  correct  version  from  con- 
temporary newspapers,  &c.,  or  to  ascertain 
whether  Mr.  Justice  Maule  presided  on  the 
Midland  Circuit  in  the  spring  of  1845,  and 
«n  the  Oxford  Circuit  in  the  spring  of  1854. 

W.  B.  H. 

BEWDLEY  APPRENTICES  AND  MOTHERING 
SUNDAY. — A  quaint  practice  prevailed  at 
Bewdley  in  the  early  part  of  the  nineteenth 
century.  The  mother  church  of  Ribsford 
has  two  porches.  That  on  the  south  was 
known  as  the  "  Refreshment  Porch  "  ;  in  it 
pewter  plates  and  horn  mugs  were  kept 
and  on  Mothering  Sunday  cakes  and  meac 
were  freely  provided,  and  placed  ready  to 
hand  for  the  use  of  apprentices  coming  home 
to  visit  friends.  The  food  was  left  un 
guarded,  but  none  of  the  townsfolk  at 
tempted  to  take  it.  The  cakes  and  meac 
were  put  there  early  on  Sunday  morning 
The  cakes  were  baked  at  Webster's  in  the 
High  Street.  The  mead  was  brewed  in  a 
large  earthenware  pan  some  two  or  three 
days  previous.  It  was  composed  of  oranges 
lemons,  and  spice.  The  whole  was  paid 
for  out  of  the  Church  Rate.  It  would  be 
interesting  to  know  if  other  towns  made  a 
like  provision  for  hungry  and  thirsty 
apprentices.  J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 


JAMES  EDMUND  SCRIPPS. — British  bio- 
graphers may  like  to  know  that  James 
"dmund  Scripps  (1835-1906),  the  founder 
of  The  Detroit  News,  was  born  in  London, 
though  he  went  to  America  at  the  age  of 
nine,  settling  near  Rushville,  111.,  and 
Beginning  his  journalistic  career  on  The 
Chicago  Democratic  Press  in  1857.  He 
bunded  The  Detroit  News  in  1873.  Its 
listory  has  just  been  told  in  a  beautifully 
produced  quarto,  issued  by  the  News. 

J.    M.    BULLOCH. 
37  Bedford  Square,  W.C.I. 

"  SHEER  HULK  "  :  "  THE  SPANISH  MAIN." 
— The  following  remarks  in  '  Some  Recol- 
ections '  of  Admiral  Sir  Cyprian  Bridge 
have  attracted  my  attention,  and  may 
perhaps  claim  that  of  other  students  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  :— 

"  The  ship's  masts  had  to  be  brought  to  her  and 
put  in  place.  This  was  done  at  our  naval  ports 
by  means  of  sheers ....  At  Devonport  they  were 
erected  in  a  hulk  lying  in  the  stream,  and  always 
spoken  of  as  '  the  sheer  hulk.'  This  recalls  a 
ridiculous  mistake  in  the  song  which  says — 
....  a  sheer  hulk  lies  poor  Tom  Bowling. 
What  is  meant  is,  of  course,  a  mere  hulk ;  for  a 
sheer  hulk  was  a  much  used  and  very  useful 
vessel.  The  mistake  is  only  one  of  several  which 
landsmen  are  likely  to  make  when  they  put 
sailors'  expressions  into  print.  The  '  Spanish 
Main  '  is  often  referred  to  in  books  as  if  it  were 
part  of  the  sea  ;  whereas  it  is  simply  the  sailors' 
translation  of  tierra  firme,  and  means  the  Spanish 
mainland  in  Mexico  and  in  Central  and  South 
America  as  distinguished  from  the  Spanish 
islands  in  the  West  Indies." — P.  65. 

ST.   SWITHIN 

[The  '  N.E.D.'  says,  s.v.  '  Sheer-hulk,  shear- 
hulk ':  "The  etymologically  preferable  spelling 
shear-hulk  is  little  used.  In  the  popular  figurative 
use  of  the  word,  derived  from  nautical  songs,  the 
first  element  is  often  misunderstood  as  sheer  adj., 
and  the  compound  written  as  two  words."  The 
line  from  Dibdin  is  quoted  as  the  earliest  figurative 
use. 

Under  '  Spanish,'  1,  b,  the  Dictionary  has : 
"  Spanish  Main,  the  mainland  of  America  adja- 
cent to  the  Caribbean  Sea,  esp.  that  portion  of  the 
coast  stretching  from  the  Isthmus  of  Panama  to 
the  mouth  of  the  Orinoco  ;  in  later  use  also,  the 
sea  contiguous  to  this,  or  the  route  traversed 
by  the  Spanish  register  ships."  Longfellow's 
'  Wreck  of  the  Hesperus  '  (1839)  is  quoted  in 
illustration  of  the  later  use.] 

SNODGRASS  SURNAME  IN  IRELAND  IN 
1665. — Amongst  the  persons  who  paid 
hearth  tax  in  1665  were  Thomas  Snodgrass, 
parish  of  Cloiileigh,  townland  of  Ballybogan, 
and  Robert  Snodgrass,  parish  of  Raphoe, 
townland  of  Beltany.  See  Lecky,  '  The 
Laggan  and  its  Presbyterianism,'  1905, 
pp.  112-13..  J.  ARDAGH. 


66 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v.  MARCH,  1919 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


'ALUMNI  CANTABBIGIENSES.' — A  notice 
has  been  issued  by  the  Cambridge  University 
Press  that  an  *  Alumni  Cantabrigienses  '  is 
in  preparation.  It  will  be  on  the  general 
lines  of  Mr.  Joseph  Foster's  well-known 
*  Alumni  Oxonienses,'  but  will  be,  it  is 
hoped,  in  several  respects  more  complete 
in  its  extent.  It  is,  in  fact,  proposed  to 
include  every  known  Cambridge  name  from 
the  earliest  historical  date,  i.e.,  from  about 
1250. 

The  experience  I  have  gained  from 
similar  work  in  the  case  of  a  single  college 
(Gonville  and  Caius)  has  convinced  me  that 
much  loss  would  be  avoided  if  those  in- 
terested in  such  an  undertaking  could  send 
information  before  publication.  What  I  have 
found  is  that  after  publication  the  compiler 
receives  a  large  amount  of  useful  information 
and  many  corrections  when  it  is  too  late 
to  make  public  use  of  them. 

What  I  would  suggest  is  that  every  one 
who  can  supply  facts  about  any  Cambridge 
man,  of  a  private  kind,  or  which  from  any 
cause  do  not  get  into  ordinary  printed 
records,  should  communicate  them  to  me. 
This  would  apply  especially  to  family 
histories  and  pedigrees.  Further  assistance, 
would  be  welcomed  from  those  who  have 
devoted  attention  to  such  special  branches 
of  research  as  county  or  parochial  history, 
the  records  of  any  particular  school  or  pro- 
fession, members  of  Parliament,  titled  per- 
sons, &c.  The  sooner  such  information 
can  be  sent  the  better. 

These  remarks  apply  especially  to  Part  I. 
of  the  work,  1250-1752,  which  contains 
nearly  80,000  names,  as  to  many  of  which 
we  have,  at  present,  no  further  information 
beyond  what  is  contained  in  the  College 
Admission  Registers  and  '  Graduati.' 

JOHN  VENN. 

Caius  College,  Cambridge. 

'THE  POOR  THRESHER,'  SONG  BY  BURNS. 
B.  Reid's  '  A  Complete  Word  and 
Phrase  Concordance  to  the  Poems  and  Songs 
of  Robert  Burns,'  Glasgow,  1889,  gives  on 
pp.  4,  228,  339,  380,  482,  and  doubtless  else- 
where, lines  from  "  (S.)  The  Poor  Thresher." 
This  song  I  have  been  unable  to  find  in  any 
edition  of  Burns  which  I  have.  I  write 
therefore  to  ask  if  any  one  can  tell  me  of  an 


edition  of  Burns  in  which  it  appears,  and, 
if  not,  what  ground  there  is  for  stating  that 
it  was  written  by  Burns. 

I  am  particularly  interested  in  this  ballad 
because  I  have  heard  it  sung  by  an  old 
friend  of  mine,  who  learned  it  from  his 
grandmother,  who  probably  learned  it  from 
some  one  about  the  year  1800. 

CHARLES  E.  STRATTON. 
70  State  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

RICHARD  BAXTER  OF  '  THE  SAINTS'  REST.' 
— Research  in  American  libraries  has  failed 
to  disclose  the  names  of  the  children  of 
Richard  Baxter,  father  of  the  author  of 
'  The  Saints'  Rest  '—in  other  words,  the 
brothers  and  sisters  of  the  eminent  divine. 
It  is  said  that  his  brother  Thomas  had  a 
son  Francis  C.  (Charlton),  born  1681,  who- 
emigrated  to  America  in  1698  with  relatives 
named  Benson.  Where  can  records  of 
Richard  senior's  family  be  found  ? 

Portland,  Maine.  J'  P*  B<ir» 

"  NABLETTE  "  :  "  BONTEFEU."  -  In  » 
recent  reading  of  Clarendon's  '  History  of 
the  Great  Rebellion,'  I  ran  across  two  words 
in  the  first  volume  which  I  do  not  find  in 
any  dictionary.  These  words  are  "  Nab- 
lette,"  used  in  connexion  with  the  word 
"  murderer,"  as  part  of  the  equipment  of 
a  vessel,  and  "  Bontefeu,"  used  as  a  rather 
contemptuous  expression  referring  to  an 
individual.  Can  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
throw  any  light  upon  the  meaning  of  these 
words  ?  '  BERNARD  C.  STEINER. 

Enoch  Pratt  Free  Library,  Baltimore,  Md. 

HENRY  BUNNETT,  ARTIST. — About  thirty 
years  ago  I  employed  an  able  English 
artist  whose  work  will  carry  him  down  to- 
posterity.  I  should  like  to  know  some- 
thing of  his  history.  It  was  said  that  the- 
name  at  the  head  of  this  query  was  only 
his  nom  de  pinceau. 

DAVID  Ross  McCoRD. 

McCord  National  Museum, 

Temple   Grove,  Montreal. 

VIRGIL   ON   QUARRELS. — Dr.    Butler,   th& 
Master  of  Trinity,  quoted  in   1888  from  a 
translation  of  Virgil,   '  ^En.'   ii.    104  ("Hoc 
Ithacus  velit,  et  magno  mercentur  Atridse  "), 
Intestine  quarrels  place  an  obvious  lever 
In  every  hand  of  every  unbeliever. 
Whose  translation  is  this  ?  G.  H.  J. 

CREIGHTON  ON  HISTORY. — Bp.  Creighton 
is  quoted  as  saying  to  the  effect  that 
"  History  is  the  best  cordial  for  drooping 
spirits."  What  is  the  reference  ? 

G.  H.  J. 


12  s.  V.MARCH,  i9i9.]         NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


67 


FABLE  OF  COUNTRYMAN  :  REFERENCE 
WANTED. — A  countryman  bargained  to 
possess  a  field  until  the  first  crop  on  it  came 
to  maturity,  and  planted  acorns.  What  is 
the  source  of  this  fable  ?  I  have  looked 
through  Babrius  and  ^Esop  without  finding 
it.  Is  it,  perhaps,  Russian  or  Oriental  ? 

W.  H.  J. 

GARNHAM  AND  HILLMAN  FAMILIES.  — 
Roger  Garnham,  gent.,  of  Chieveley,  Berks, 
died  1703.  He  married  Martha,  daughter 
of  Robert  Hillman  (armiger)  of  Prior's 
Court,  Chieveley,  by  his  wife  Miss  Goddard, 
sister  of  Francis  Goddard,  Esq.,  of  Cliff 
Pypard  Manor,  Wilts.  To  which  branch 
of  the  Hillman  family  did  Robert 
belong  ?  The  following  arms  of  Hillman 
impaling  Goddard  are  on  the  monuments 
in  Chieveley  Church :  Arg.,  three  bends 
sable.  Were  these  Hillmans  related  to  the 
Hillmans  of  Ramsbury  Park,  Wilts  ?  Any 
information  will  be  gratefully  received. 

LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

GLAMORGAN  VOLUNTEER  RANGERS.  —  I 
should  be  grateful  if  any  one  could  give  me 
information  about  the  above  corps.  When 
was  it  founded  ?  Does  it  still  exist  ?  Its 
badge  was  "  G.  R."  between  two  sprays, 
a  crown  above  ;  on  the  top  a  trumpet  held 
up  by  a  ribbon  and  tassels. 

LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

Essex  Lodge,  Ewell,  Surrey. 

TENNYSON. — I  have  in  my  possession  a 
fragment  of  a  poem  evidently  by  (and  in 
the  handwriting  of)  Lord  Tennyson.  Part 
of  this  has  been  torn,  and  part  cut  away, 
and  I  am  unable  to  decipher  more  than  the 
following  words  : — 

[An]d  dimpling  eddies  kiss  the  shore 

And  in  the  shingle  crisp 
....  pies  wrinkles  to  the  door 

[An]d  round  the  threshold  lisp. 

If  any  reader  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  could  identify 

these  lines  or  give  me  the  context,  I  should 

be  grateful.     I  may  add  that  reference  to  a 

Tennyson  concordance  has  been  of  no  avail. 

A.  STANTON  WHITFIELD,  F.R.Hist.S. 
16  High  Street,  Walsall,  Staffs. 

HERODIAS  AND  ST.  JOHN  THE  BAPTIST'S 
HEAD. — In  a  window  of  Winchester  Cathe- 
dral Library  is  a  panel  of  early  sixteenth- 
century  French  glass  depicting  Herodias 
mutilating  the  head  of  St.  John  the  Baptist 
with  a  knife.  Other  representations  of  the 
subject  appear  in  the  west  window  of  Wells 
Cathedral  (also  in  early  sixteenth -century 
French  glass),  and  in  a  late  fifteenth-century 
window  in  Gresford  Church,  Denbighshire  ; 


whilst  the  mutilated  head  lying  in  a  charger 
appears  to  have  been  a  favourite  subject  of 
English  alabaster  tablet  carvers. 

Where  can  I  find  the  authority  for  this 
incident  ?  The  '  Legenda  Aurea  '  is  silent 
on  the  subject,  though  it  states  that  "  when 
Herodias  held  the  head  between  her  hands 
she  was  much  joyful,  but  by  the  will  of  God 
the  head  blew  in  her  visage,  and  she  died 
forthwith."  JOHN  D.  LE  COUTEUB. 

Southsea. 

ROBERT  SIMPSON,  ROYAL  FARRIER. — 
Robert  Simpson,  born  Aug.  30,  1777 — 
eldest  Fon  of  James  Simpson  by  his  first  wife, 
Nell  Forrestor  (married  about  1774  at 
Cramond),  who  claimed  descent  from  the 
Lords  Forrestor  of  Corstorphine — was  farrier 
to  Frederick,  Duke  of  York,  son  of  King 
George  III.  Robert  Simpson  married  a 
Miss  Hastie,  and  had  issue. 

Will  the  descendants  of  the  said  Robert 
please  communicate  with  me  ? 

JAMES  SETON-ANDERSON. 

BOUMPHREY  FAMILY  OF  LIVERPOOL  AND 
MANCHESTER. — I  am  interested  in  this 
family,  and  should  be  glad  of  information 
relating  thereto.  Is  the  family  connected 
with  that  of  Count  Boumphre  of  France  ? 
JAMES  SETON-ANDERSON. 

18  Culverden  Down,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

WILL.  FISHER  SHRAPNEL,  F.S.A.,  d, 
c.  1817.  Was  he  related  to  the  contem- 
porary inventor  of  the  shell  ?  He  appears 
to  have  been  surgeon  to  the  Gloucester 
Militia  before  1799,  at  which  date  he  became 
physician  to  Berkeley  Castle.  In  1805  I  find 
him  established  in  the  Gate -House  there, 
and  honoured  with  the  old  title  of  "  Con- 
stable of  Berkeley,"  held  in  former  days  by 
the  Thorpe  family  of  Wanswell  manor. 
ST.  CLAIR  BADDELEY. 

HAWKS  TO  CATCH  SALMON. — An  Act 
passed  in  the  reign  of  William  and  Mary- 
prohibits  at  a  certain  season  the  taking  of 
salmon  of  any  age  by  hawks,  racks,  gins, 
&c.  Is  the  word  "  hawks  "  here  used  for 
the  bird,  or  does  it  mean  some  kind  of  net 
known  by  that  name  ?  J.  H.  GURNEY. 

Keswick  Hall,  Norwich. 

[The  *  New  English  Dictionary  '  defines  "  hawk" 
as  "  a  kind  of  fish-trap,"  and  cites  as  the  earliest 
quotation  for  this  use  of  the  word  the  following 
from  Worlidge's  '  System  of  Agriculture  '  (1669)  ; 
"  There  is  a  sort  of  Engine,  by  some  termed  a 
Hawk,  made  almost  like  unto  a  Fish-pot,  being  a 
square  frame  of  Timber  fitted  to  the  place. . .  .and 
wrought  with  Wire  to  a  point  almost,  so  that 
what  Fish  soever  go  through  the  saix2,  cannot  go 
back  again."] 


68 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        112  s.  v.  MARCH,  1919. 


FRANCIS  HARVEY  OF  NATAL. — I  wonder 
if  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  has  in  his 
possession,  and  would  lend  me  for  perusal 
and  bibliographical  purposes,  a  series  of 
pamphlets  written  by  Francis  Harvey  of 
Verulam  in  Natal,  father  of  the  late  Thos. 
Morgan  Harvey  of  London.  He  wrote 
under  the  pseudonym  of  Zethar  an  auto- 
biographical account  of  his  early  days  in 
Phillack,  Cornwall. 

J.  HAMBLEY  HOWE,  M.B. 

88  Horton  Grange  Road,  Bradford. 

CHEVELEY  AND  TUDGAY,  MARINE 
PAINTERS. — I  am  desirous  of  obtaining 
particulars  about  John  Cheveley  (born  1745, 
died  1786  :  was  he  a  lieutenant  in  the  navy  ?) 
and  -  -  Tudgay,  both  painters  of  marine 
subjects.  The  latter  lived  during  the  middle 
of  the  nineteenth  century.  A.  B — N. 

CANTWELL  FAMILY. — Information  about 
the  crest  and  history  of  the  Irish  branch  of 
the  Cantwell  family  will  be  welcomed. 
Please  write  direct  to  E.  J.  CANTWELL. 

14  Claude  Road,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

ABANAZAR.  —  A  distinguished  popular 
journalist  has  forgotten  De  Quincey's  warn- 
ing that  "  as  people  read  nothing  in  these 
days  that  is  more  than  forty-eight  hours 
old,  I  am  daily  admonished  that  allusions, 
the  most  obvious,  to  anything  in  the  rear  of 
our  own  time  need  explanation."  The 
writer,  in  criticizing  some  statesmen  now  in 
power,  refers  to  them  as  "  Abanazars  "  who 
have  involved  themselves  in  a  new  mess 
more  awkward  than  the  one  from  which  they 
recently  struggled.  The  reference  is  not 
explicable  in  the  books  ordinarily  in  a  public 
library.  Who  was  Abanazar  ? 

NEWS  READER. 

DUDLEY  BERNARD  OR  BARNARD. — In- 
formation is  sought  concerning  Dudley 
Bernard,  son  of  Abel  of  Clewer,  Berks, 
gent.,  of  St.  Albans  Hall.  Matric.  Oct.  11, 
1639,  age  18  ;  M.  A.  1642 ;  B.D.  June  6, 
1646.  Of  what  parish  was  he  vicar,  and 
when  and  where  did  he  die  ? 

H.  C.  BARNARD. 

JOHN  HAGGATT — described  in  the  original 
MSS.  as  of  Magdalen  Coll.,  Oxford,  and  as  a 
son  of  Bartholomew  Haggatt  of  Wells, 
Somerset — was  installed  by  proxy  in  the 
prebend  of  Comb  XV.,  Wells  Cathedral, 
pursuant  to  the  mandate  of  Bishop  Gilbert, 
on  June  6,  1581.  I  shall  be  grateful  if  one 
of  your  readers  who  has  access  to  the  usual 
books  of  reference  will  kindly  inform  us  of 
what  parish  he  was  the  vicar.  He  appar- 


ently died  1588,  as  in  that  year  his  successor 
was  installed  as  prebendary  in  Comb  XV. 
His  name  is  not  in  Weaver's  '  Somerset 
Incumbents.'  He  could  not  be  the  John 
Haggatt  of  Somerset  who  matriculated  at 
Magdalen  Coll.,  Nov.  24,  1581,  aged  16— 
six  months  later.  H.  C.  BARNARD. 

Burnham,  Somerset. 

HELICON  LLOYD  OF  MERIONETHSHIRE. — 
Can  any  reader  give  particulars  about  this 
personage,  and  say  where  in  this  county  he 
lived  ?  ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

SUSANNAH  OWENS. — Information  concern- 
ing Susannah  Owens,  known  as  "  Egg  gal," 
who  was  married  at  Keith  Chapel  Aug.  4, 
1748,  will  oblige. 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  EPITAPHS. — Is  it  pos- 
sible to  compile  a  list  of  works  on  or  dealing 
witeh  pitaphs  ?  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

[The  Catalogue  of  Books  in  the  Beading-Boom 
of  the  British  Museum  has  the  following  under 
'  Epitaphs  '  : — 

English  Monumental  Inscriptions  Society. 
Begister  of  English  Monumental  Inscriptions. 
1911,  &c.  8vo. 

Jervise  (A.).  Epitaphs  and  Inscriptions  from 
Burial-Grounds  and  Old  Buildings  in  the  North- 
East  of  Scotland.  2  vols.  1875,  '79.  8vo. 

Parsons  (P.).  Monuments  and  Painted  Glass 
of  upwards  of  100  Churches,  chiefly  in  Kent. 
1794.  4to. 

Pettigrew  (T.  J.).  Chronicles  of  the  Tombs. 
(Bohn's  Beference  Library.)  1888.  8vo. 

Suffling  (E.  B.).  Epitaphia  :  being  a  Collec- 
tion of  1300  British  Epitaphs.  1909.  8vo. 

Other  works  on  the  subject  are  : — 

Cansick  (F.  T.).  Epitaphs  from  Monuments  in 
St.  Pancras.  2  vols.  1869-72.  8vo. 

Cansick  (F.  T.).  Epitaphs  from  Monuments  in 
Hornsey,  Tottenham,  Edmonton,  Enfield,  Friern 
Barnet,  Hadley.  1875.  8vo. 

Bavenshaw  (T.  F.).  Antiente  Epitaphes  (from 
A.D.  1250  to  A.D.  1800).  1878.  8vo. 

Weever  (J.).  Antient  Funerall  Monuments,  of 
Great-Britain,  Ireland,  and  the  Islands  Adjacent. 
1767.  fol.] 

'  STRUWWELPETER  '  IN  ENGLISH. — '  Der 
Struwwelpeter,'  first  published  in  1845,  is 
now  in  its  405th  edition.  It  is  the  most 
popular  of  the  works  of  Heinrich  Hoffmann, 
a  doctor  of  medicine,  who  was  born  at 
Frankfort-on-the-Main,  June  13,  1809,  and 
died  there  Sept.  20,  1894.  The  English 
translation,  which  is  at  least  as  good  as  the 
original,  would  appear  to  have  been  pub- 
lished simultaneously.  At  any  rate,  the 
B.  M.  Catalogue  says  that  the  4th  edition 
of  the  English  version  was  published  at 
Leipsic  in  1848.  Is  it  known  who  wrote  it  ? 


12  8.  V.  MARCH,  1919.]  NOTES   AND    QUERIES. 


69 


How  many  English  editions  have  there 
been  ?  There  was  one  published  by  Blackie 
&  Son  in  1903,  and  another  by  G.  Routledge 
&  Sons  in  1909.  Its  continued  popularity 
is  shown  by  Mr.  E.  V.  Lucas's  *  Swollen- 
headed  William,'  which  appeared  in  1914  ; 
and  by  '  The  Struwwelpeter  Alphabet  '  and 
'  The  Political  Struwwelpeter,'  both  by  Mr. 
Harold  Begbie,  which  appeared  in  or  about 
1900.  JOHN  B.  WAINEWBJGHT. 

"  LICK  INTO  SHAPE  "  :  "  LAMBENDO 
EFFINGERE."  — The  latter  phrase  is  attributed 
by  Suetonius  in  his  Life  of  Virgil,  §  22,  to 
that  poet  with  reference  to  the  '  Georgics.' 
Is  there  a  Greek  equivalent  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

Union  Club,  Trafalgar  Square,  S.W.I. 

COLERIDGE  ON  "  BULLY." — Coleridge  in 
his  '  Omniana,'  speaking  of  inconsistency, 
says  :  — 

"  What  are  these  men's  minds  but  a  huge 
lumber-room  of  bully,  that  is,  of  incompatible 
notions  brought  together  by  a  feeling  without  a 
sense  of  connection  ?  " 

What  is  the  origin  of  Coleridge's  "  bully  "  ? 

J.  J.  FREEMAN. 
Shepperton  -on  -Tb  ames . 

J.  TURNER,  PAINTER  c.  1820. — Some 
AVelsh  pictures  by  J.  Turner  were  engraved 
and  published  March  and  April,  1821.  Was 
he  related  to  J.  M.  W.  Turner  ? 

OCTAVIUS  TOMS  ON. 

7  Grantchester  Street,  Cambridge. 

'  IRRELAGH  ;  OR,  THE  LAST  OF  THE 
CHIEFS.' — Who  was  the  author  of  this  Irish 
story  ?  The  copy  I  possess  is  bereft  of  its 
title-page.  All  that  I  can  glean  concerning 
it  is  provided  by  the  dedication  (to  Queen 
Victoria).  It  was  written  at  Danesport, 
Killarney,  in  1849,  and  was  published  "to 
alleviate  in  some  degree  that  affliction 
[the  great  famine  of  1848],  especially  in  the 
case  of  two  poor  boys,  left  destitute  by  the 
failure  of  the  Killarney  Savings'  Bank." 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

MORLAND    GALLERY,    FLEET    STREET. 
Sir  Richard  Phillips  says  in  the  1806  edition 
of  '  The  Picture  of  London  '  (p.  259)  :— 

"  This  gallery  comprises  one  hundred  paintings 
of  this  admired  artist. . .  .They  are  the  property 
of  a  private  gentleman." 

I  shall  be  obliged  by  further  reference  to 
this  exhibition.  Presumably  it  was  held  at 
Macklin's  Gallery  and  J.  R.  Smith  was  the 
organizer.  It  will  be  recalled  that  his 
exhibition  of  thirty-six  pictures  at  31  King 


Street,  Covent  Garden,  was  specifically  for 
he  purpose  of  attracting  subscribers  for  the 
ingravings,  all  the  pictures  exhibited  being 

afterwards  engraved.  The  catalogue  of 
prints  issued  by  Smith  from  this  address 

'ncludes  there  works.  Is  there  any  definite 
evidence  of  his  association  with  the  Fleet 

Street  exhibition  ?         ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

FINKLE  STREET. — There  are  streets  so 
named  at  Barton-on-Humber  and  at  Kendal. 
I  should  be  glad  to  hear  of  other  examples — 
also  of  any  explanation  of  a  supposed 
derivation  of  "  Finkle  "  from  a  word  mean- 
ng  a  bend  or  elbow,  or  similar  deviation 
rom  a  straight  line.  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Lines. 

[The  subject  was  discussed  at  some  length  at 
6  S.  iv.  166,  366,  467  ;  v.  257,  476  ;  viii.  503,  522.] 

MARTIN  HETON,  Bishop  of  Ely,  is  stated 
in  the  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  xxvi.  SOI,  to  have 
left  two  daughters,  one  of  whom  was 
married  to  Sir  Robert  Filmer  and  the  other 
to  Sir  Edward  Fish.  Can  any  corre- 
spondent tell  me  when  and  whom  Heton 
married  ?  G.  F.  R.  B. 

EDWARD  HYDE,  D.D.,  Royalist  divine, 
was  one  of  the  eleven  sons  of  Sir  Lawrence 
Hyde  of  Salisbury.  I  should  be  glad  to 
obtain  particulars  of  his  mother,  and  to 
know  when  and  whom  he  married.  The 
*  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  xxviii.  369,  is  silent  on 
these  points.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

FRENCH  PROVERB  ON  POLITICS. — There  is 
a  French  saying,  "  Dans  la  politique  il  faut 
ne  prendre  rien  au  tragique  et  tout  au 
serieux."  This  has  been  attributed  to 
Thiers,  but  some  say  it  is  much  older.  To 
whom  is  it  rightly  ascribed  ? 

HENRY  SAMUEL  BRANDRETH. 

ST.  DUNSTAN'S  -  IN  -  THE  -  EAST  :  ITS 
CHARITIES  AND  SCHOOLS.— Can  any  reader 
give  me  details  of  educational  charities, 
schools,  &c.,  connected  with  the  parish  of 
St.  Dunstan-in-the-East,  London,  prior  to 
1888  ?  I  shall  deem  it  a  favour  if  corre- 
spondence be  addressed  directly  to  me. 

G.  KENNETH  STRUGNELL. 

30  Carholme  Road,  Forest  Hill,  S.E.23. 

A  "  CREST  "  OF  CREST  -  CLOTH  is  men- 
tioned in  the  «  N.E.D.'  as  having  been  a 
recognized  quantity  of  the  cloth,  but  the 
quantity  is  not  defined.  Is  it  known  what 
it  was  ?  The  Winchester  College  accounts 
show  (under  custus  aule)  that  in  1442-3  the 
price  per  ell  for  17|  ells  of  crest-cloth  was 
4^d.,  and  that  in  1443-4  the  price  per  crest 


70 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       U28.V.  MARCH,  1919. 


or  10  crests  of  it  was  I8d.  If  one  could 
assume  that  in  each  of  these  cases  the  price 
was  really  the  same,  then  one  would  infer 
that  4  ells  (i.z.  5  yards)  made  a  crest.  But 
how  can  one  justify  the  assumption  ?  In 
1440-1  the  price  per  crest  for  6  crests  was 
lid.  ;  and  in  1444-5  the  price  per  crest  for 
7  crests  was  19d.,  with  Id.  off  the  total  cost 
to  reduce  it  to  11s.  H.  C. 

SOUTH  SHIELDS  :  VICARS  OF  ST.  HILDA'S. 
— Can  any  reader  supply  me  with  the 
names  missing  from  the  list  of  vicars  of 
St.  Hilda's,  South  Shields,  between  1418, 
when  William  Younger  was  appointed  vicar, 
and  1553,  when  Thomas  Ellison  was  ap- 
pointed ?  I  shall  also  be  glad  of  any 
names  previous  to  1321,  when  Robert  de 
Dalton  was  appointed  vicar. 

HAYDN  T.  GILES. 

11  Ravensbourne  Terrace,  South  Shields. 

THE  ST.  HELENA  'LIFE  OF  MARL- 
BOROUGH.' — In  Frederic  Masson's  'Napoleon 
&  Sainte  Helene,'  vol.  ii.  p.  199,  there  is 
the  following  statement: — 

'*  C'est  un  exemplaire,  reli6  avec  luxe,  de  cette 
Histoire  de  Jean  Churchill,  due  de  Marl  borough, 
etc.,  etc.,  imprim6e  par  ordre  de  Sa  Majest6 
Imperiale  (k  Paris,  de  I'lmprimerie  imperiale, 
1'annee  1806)." 

1  am  unacquainted  with  this  work,  and  I 
should  be  glad  to  have  particulars  of  it,  and 
also  to  be  informed  where  I  can  refer  to  a 
copy  of  it. 

Coxe's  « Memoirs  of  John,  Duke  of  Marl- 
borough,'  presented  by  Napoleon  to  the 
20th  Regiment,  and  still  in  the  archives  of 
that  regiment,  was  printed  in  London  in 
1819.  The  book  to  which  M.  Masson  refers 
cannot  have  been  a  translation  of  Coxe's 
work,  so  that  the  statement  of  this  famous 
French  writer  is  puzzling. 

LEES  KNOWLES. 

To  AD- JUICE. — Has  the  liquid  which  exudes 
from  the  skin  of  a  toad  any  value  which  is 
recognized  in  orthodox  medicine  ?  I  ask 
this  on  account  of  the  following  passage  in 
Mr.  W.  H.  Hudson's  '  Far  Away  and  Long 
Ago.'  The  scene  was  in  La  Plata,  and  the 
actor  one  Don  Evaristo  Penalva  :  — 

"  I  remember  that  his  cure  for  shingles,  a 
common  and  dangerous  ailment  in  that  region, 
was  regarded  as  infallible.  The  malady  took  the 
form  of  an  eruption,  like  erysipelas,  on  the  middle 
of  the  body,  and  extending  round  the  waist  till 
it  formed  a  perfect  zone.  '  If  the  zone  is  not 
complete  I  can  cure  the  disease,'  Don  Evaristo 
would  say.  He  would  send  some  one  down  to  the 
river  to  procure  a  good-sized  toad  ;  then,  causing 
the  patient  to  strip,  he  would  take  pen  and  ink 
and  write  on  the  skin  in  the  space  between  the 


two  ends  of  the  inflamed  region,  in  stout  letters, 
the  words  '  In  the  name  of  the  Father,'  &c.  This 
done,  he  would  take  the  toad  in  his  hand  and 
gently  rub  it  on  the  inflamed  part,  and  the  toad, 
enraged  at  such  treatment,  would  swell  himself 
up  almost  to  bursting  and  exude  a  poisonous 
milky  secretion  from  his  warty  skin.  That  was 
all,  and  the  man  got  well." — Pp.  183-4. 

I  think  this  batrachian  may  have  been  not 
a  common  toad,  but  Ceratophrys  ornata, 
of  which  Mr.  Hudson  speaks  in  an  earlier 
chapter  than  that  from  which  I  quote. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

WHISTLER  :  POPE. — Is  there  any  mention 
of  Alexander  Pope  in  the  Whistler  pedigree, 
or  of  the  Rev.  Ambrose  Staveley  and  Samuel 
Cooper  the  artist  ?  The  graves  of  the  Rev. 
W.  Pyne  (1585-1658)  and  his  daughter 
Dorothy  Pope  (1669)  are  in  Micheldever 
Church.  The  present  Vicar  would  be  glad 
to  receive  items  about  the  parish  to  insert  in 
a  book  on  the  subject. 

Any  proof  that  Thomas  Pope,  at  Twicken- 
ham, 1697,  was  related  to  Alexander  Pope  of 
the  same  place,  1715,  would  be  received  with 
thanks.  A.  C.  H. 

SCHOOL  PRIZE  COMPOSITIONS. — At  Bed- 
ford School,  and,  I  believe,  elsewhere,  it  is 
the  custom  for  Classical  and  English  prize 
compositions  to  be  sent  in  tied  up  with 
bright  ribbons.  The  practice  is  traditional, 
but  no  one  here  seems  to  know  its  origin. 
Can  any  of  your  readers  enlighten  me  as  to 
its  origin  and  prevalence  ?  T.  K.  E.  B. 

Bedford  School. 

OLD  STAINED  GLASS.— Can  any  reader 
tell  me  of  any  articles  or  pamphlets,  illus- 
trated or  otherwise,  published  on  this 
subject  during  the  last  two  years  ? 

Norwich.  WM'  M'  DODSON- 

SUBMERGED  TRACKS  OR  FOOTPATHS. — 
Was  there  an  established  system  in  the 
North  of  England  of  marking  a  track  or 
footpath  that  was  liable  to  be  overflowed  by 
the  tide  ?  PINFOLDER. 

Hartlepool. 

AUTHOR  OP  QUOTATION  WANTED.— A  recently 
published  work  quotes  these  lines  "by  an 
American  bard  "  : — 

Many  a  man  on  the  road  of  life 
Succeeds  where  another  fails  ; 
Johnny  is  writing  stories, 

An'  Billy  is  splitting  rails. 
Johnny  is  makin'  a  name  and  fame 
(He  says)  while  the  years  roll  on  ; 
But  Billy  is  makin'  the  money, 
An'  Billy's  supporting  John  ! 
Can  the  name  of  the  author  be  given  ?     Are  the 
above  lines  the  whole,  or  a  portion  only  ? 

W.  B.  H. 


12  S.  V.  MARCH,  1919.]  NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 


71 


JUplfca. 


FOUNDLING  ENTRIES  IN  PARISH 
REGISTERS. 

(12  S.  v.  40.) 

SUCH  entries  as  MB.  SPARKE  inquires  about 
abound.  I  give  below  some  specimens 
from  the  registers  of  a  few  London  parishes, 
where  the  surname  given  to  the  unfortunate 
abandoned  children  was  generally  the  name 
of  the  parish  in  which  they  were  found,  and 
the  Christian  name  from  some  circumstance 
of  the  discovery,  such  as  the  situation  or 
the  day  of  the  finding.  This  is  illustrated 
and  exemplified  by  the  following  :  — 

St.  Dionis  Backchurch.  1667,  Dec.  14. — "  A 
chylde  that  was  fownd  at  the  strangers  dore  in 
lymstrete  whych  chylde  was  fownde  on  Saynt 
petters  day  in  An0,  d'ni  1567  And  fonde  of  the 
p'ishe  coste,  Wherefore  they  named  the  chylde 
by  the  day  that  he  was  fownd  &  syrname  by 
the  p'ishe,  so  the  chyldes  name  ys  Fetter 
Dennis." 

St.  Antholin,  Budge  Bow.  1588,  Feb.  2. — 
"  Vincent  Antholins  so  named  because  he  was 
fond  in  the  church  porch  upon  St.  Vincents 
Day." 

1671,  Dec.  17. — "  Antholing  Stone   a  found- 
ling bapt." 

1672,  July  27. — "  Sary  Antholing  a  foundling 
buried." 

Many  similar. 

St.  Mary  Woolnoth.  1597,  Nov.  2. — "  Gyles 
Woolnoth  a  man  child,  found  layde  at  the  gate 
of  the  Lady  Bamsay." 

Many  others  named  Woolnoth. 

1620/1,  Feb.  14.  —  "  John  Sherborne  a 
foundling  being  found  in  Sherborne  Lane." 

1677,  June  18. — "  Thomas  Davis  was  taken 
up  in  Lombard  Streete  in  my  Lord  Mayor's 
entry  &  baptized  Thomas  Davis  my  Lord 
Mayor's  name." 

St.  Mary  Woolchurch  Haw.  1616,  Sept.  4.— 
"  Sara  Woolchurch  a  childe  left  in  our  parish, 
not  borne  here." 

1689,  Nov.  15. — "  William  Haw  a  foundling." 

Others   baptized  either  Woolchurch  or  Haw. 

1637,  Feb.  28. — "  Jefrey  Underbench,  a  child 
that  was  left  at  Mr.  Hovels  dore  in  our  parish." 

1642,  Sept.  8. — "  James  Monday  a  child 
found  one  Monday  night  5th  of  Sep.  one  Mr. 
Thompsons  stall." 

1646,  April  23. — "  A  child  found  at  Mr. 
Sawyers  in  the  street  one  a  place  to  whet  knives 
and  was  named  Edward  Sharp." 

1649,  April  14. — "  John  Wallstone  a  male 
child  found  in  the  ally  by  the  church  door  laid 
on  a  stone  in  the  wall." 

1649,  Aug.  28. — ."  Henry  Penny,  a  male 
child  about  the  age  of  3  years,  was  found  in  our 
parish  with  a  penny  in  his  hand." 

1649,  Dec.  27. — "  There  was  a  male  child 
found  att  Mr.  Paschalls  stall  before  day  and 


was  named  John  Beforeday  being  St.  Johns 
day." 

1650,  April    7. — "  John    Bynight,    a    male 

child  left  in  our  Parish  att  Mr.  Garretts  doore." 

1650,    Nov.    9. — "  Mary    Evening    a   female 

child     found      att      Mr.      Morris     doore     in 

Cornhill." 

St.  Helen's,  Bishopsgate.  1612,  Sept.  1. — "  Job 
rakt  out  of  the  Asshes,  being  borne  the  last  of 
August  in  the  lane  going  to  Sr  John  Spencers 
back  gate  and  there  laide  in  a  heape  of  Seacole 
Asshes  was  baptised  the  First  daye  of  September 
following  and  dyed  the  next  day  after."  The 
burial  entry  runs  :  Sept.  2,  "  Job  Bakt-out-of- 
the-Ashes,  as  is  mentioned  in  the  Begister  of 
Christenings,  Crisome." 

St.  John  Baptist  on  Wallbrook.  1688,  Mar.  22. — 
"  John  Cloakelane  a  foundling." 

1689  /90,     Feb.     20. — "  Jone     Dowgate,     a 
foundling." 

Christ  Church,  Newgate.  1669,  Oct.  18. — "  Jane 
Bents  found  in  the  New  Bents  in  the  Shambles 
the  14th  day." 

1671,   June    4.—"  Mary   Warwick  found   in 
Warwick  Lane  at  11  o'clock  at  night." 

1671,  July  23. — "  Susannah  Charity  found  in 
Panyer  Alley  at  11  o'clock  at  night." 

1699,    Oct.   6.—"  Elizabeth   Christchurch,   a 
foundling." 

1702  /3,  Jan.  4. — "  Amen  Corner  a  foundling." 
1705/6,    Mar.    22. — "Christian    Passage    a 
foundling." 

1706,    May    16. — "  George   Amen    Corner   a 
foundling." 

1740/1,  Mar.  16.—"  Giles  Blewcoat  a  found- 
ling." 

Many  others  named  either  Church  or  Fryer. 
St.    Mildred,    Bread    Street.     1684,    April    3. — 
"  Mary  Mildred  a  foundling  bapt." 

Many  others. 
St.  Margaret  Moses,  Friday  Street.     1657,  Nor.  10. 
— "  Jeames  Moses  a  fondlinge." 

1678,  Sept.  10.—"  Margaret  Moses  a  found- 
ling." 

St.  Mary  Aldermary.  1598/9,  Mar.  21. — "A 
childe  founde  in  the  p'ishe  named  Abda 
Aldermary  e." 

1600,    April    16. — "  A    child    found    on    Mr. 
Colmer's  staule  named  Mary  Aldrmary." 
St.  Michael  le  Querne.     1669,  Aug.  25.—"  Sarah 

Querne." 

St.  Vedast,  Foster  Lane.  1673,  Dec.  16. — 
"  Christiane  Vedast  left  in  the  Nags  head  entry 
Dec.  10th." 

St.  Martin  Outwich.  1699/1700,  Jan.  1. — 
"  Bichard  Martin  Outwich  a  child  found  in  the 
parish." 

Dozens  of  others  might  be  quoted,  and 
I  should  think  that  a  register  of  any  size 
without  some  such  entry  is  a  rarity. 

STEP  BEN  J.  BARNS. 

Entries  relating  to  foundlings  are  of 
frequent  occurrence  in  parish  registers. 

In  the  registers  of  St.  Dunstan  West, 
Fleet  Street,  are  to  be  found  :  — 

1618.     Mary  Porch,  a  foundling,  bapt.  Jan.  18. 

1629.     Subpoena,  a  child  found,  bur.  Jan.  16. 

1631.     Eliz.  Middlesex,  found  in  Chancery  Lane. 


72 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v.  MARCH,  1919. 


A  memorandum  in  the  Kensington  register 
records  how 

"  a  woman  child  of  the  age  of  one  year  and 
a  half  or  thereabouts,  being  found  in  her 
swadlinge  clothes,  layed  at  the  Ladye  Cooper's 
gate,  baptized  by  the  name  of  Mary  Troovie 
10th  October." 

In  the  register  of  Perm,  Staffordshire, 
there  is  the  following  entry  : — 

"  1750,  March  25.  Mary  Penn,  foundling,  bapt. 
This  child  was  found  tied  up  in  a  cloth,  and  hung 
to  the  ring  upon  the  south  door  of  Penn  Church, 
about  8  o'clock  P.M.,  by  William  Baker,  as  he  was 
coming  out  of  the  church  after  the  ringing  of  the 
curfew  bell." 

Foundlings  left  in  the  parish  of  St. 
Lawrence,  Old  Jewry,  invariably  had  the 
surname  of  Lawrence  given  to  them  ;  in  the 
parish  of  St.  Clement  Danes  they  were  all 
named  Clement ;  and  it  appears  from  the 
Temple  register  that  between  1728  and 
1755  no  fewer  than  104  foundlings  were 
baptized  there,  all  of  whom  were  surnamed 
Temple  or  Templar. 

Foundlings  were  often  named  at  the 
caprice  of  the  Vestry,  and  it  is  hardly 
necessary  to  call  attention  to  the  amusing 
account  in  Crabbe's  *  The  Parish  Register  ' 
of  the  naming  by  the  Vestry  of  the  infant 
found  in  their  parish.  After  anxious  debate 
Richard  was  fixed  on  as  a  Christian  name, 
because  no  one  present  at  the  meeting  bore 
that  name,  and  the  child  was  surnamed 
Monday  from  the  day  on  which  he  was 
found. 

MB.  SPABKE  is  referred  to  '  Parish 
Registers  in  England,'  by  R.  E.  Chester 
Waters,  Burn's  '  History  of  Parish  Registers,' 
and  T.  F.  Thiselton  Dyer's  '  Old  English 
Social  Life,  as  told  by  the  Parish  Register.' 
WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 

Westwood,  Clitheroe. 

In  the  parish  register  of  St.  Mary's 
Shrewsbury,  is  the  following  :  — 

1801.  "  Francis  St.  Mary's,  4  ms.  h.  of  ind.* 
This  child  was  left  at  the  infirmary  steps  aboul 
10  o'clock  at  night,  and  was  found  there  by  Mr 
liowlands.  It  was  taken  to  the  h.  of  ind.*  anc 
there  died." 

From  the  parish  registers  of  St.  Chad's 
Shrewsbury  :  — 

1705,  Dec.  12.  "  Hanna,  an  exposed  child,  lefi 
upon  the  fish  board,  bap." 

There   are   about   a   dozen   entries   of   an 
ordinary     type.       If     your     corresponden 
wishes  these,  I  shall  be  pleased  to  send  them 
direct.  H.  T.  BEDDOWS. 

Public  Library,  Shrewsbury. 


Here  is  one  out  of  many  similar  which 
have  come  across,  as  pathetic  in  its  sup- 
>ressions  as  that  quoted  by  MB.  SPABKE  in 
ts  realistic  Latinisms.  It  occurs  in  the 
parish  register  of  Inkborrow,  Wore.,  under 
date  July  4,  1665  :  — 

"  Henry  filius  populi  buried." 
Here    are    three    others    from    St.    Mary 
Magdalen,  Bermondsey  :  — 
1584,  April  5. — "  ffryswed  a  ffondlin,"  bap. 
1605,  Mar.  7. — "  A  child  ftound  in  the  highway 
the  Grange,"  bur. 

1607,  May  21. — "  A  pore  child  ffound  at  MIV 
Liedams  gate,"  bur. 

JOHN  W.  BROWN. 

From  the  Hartland  parish  register,  1566  : — 
"Petrus    cuius  filius  est,  nemo  scit,   bap.   est 
23  die  Nov." 

R.  PEABSE  CHOPE. 

In  the  register  of  St.  Mary'  s-on-  the  -Hill ,. 
Chester,  is  the  following  entry  :  — 

1630.     "  Elizabeth  Godsendus  buried  23th  day 
of  December  "  ; 

and    in    the    churchwardens'    accounts    the 
entry  is  "  a  stranger's  child." 

GEO.  W.  HASWELL. 


*  House  of  Industry. 


HENRY  I.  :  A  GLOUCESTER  CHARTER. 
(12  S.  iv.  149,  223,  279;  v.  16.) 

MB.  ST.  CLAIB  BADDELEY  laments  that 
"  for  a  considerable  period  "  ("  three  years," 
as  he  informs  me)  he  has  been  shut  out 
from  the  delights  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  His  regret 
should  be  tempered  by  the  reflection  that 
he  had  made  the  long-published  "  Gloucester 
charter "  his  own  "  two  or  three  years 
back,"  which,  I  may  mention  in  justice  to 
myself,  roughly  corresponds  with  the  time 
at  which  the  late  Mr.  Arthur  Madan,  brother 
of  the  well-known  Bodleian  Librarian,  in- 
troduced that  document  to  me  as  the 
oldest  original  charter  in  the  possession  of 
the  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Gloucester. 

We  are  faced  at  present  by  two  diffi- 
culties :  the  true  date  of  the  Gloucester 
charter,  and  the  true  date  of  the  notification 
of  confirmation.  In  this  reply  I  will  deal 
only  with  the  former,  reserving  the  latter, 
with  the  Editor's  leave,  to  another  occasion. 

MB.  BADDELEY  thinks  that  the  charter 
"certainly  belongs"  to  1127.  I  do  not 
understand  his  assertion  of  the  existence 
of  "  a  more  perfect  duplicate  "  in  Stubbs's 
edition  of  William  of  Malmesbury's  '  Gesta.' 
The  Gloucester  charter  is  the  original 


12  8.  V.  MARCH,  1919.]  NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 


73 


document.     A    "  duplicate,"    if   a   duplicate 
existed,   would  indeed  have  equal  validity 
with   the    original,    or   rather   would   be   an 
original  itself,  as,  for  example,  in  the  case 
of    a    chirograph — of    a    convention    or    a 
indenture.     What  MB.  BADDELEY  quotes  i 
only  a  piinted  copy  of  a  manuscript  copy 
but  how  can  a  mere  copy,  or  the  print  of  a 
copy,  be  "  more  perfect  "  than  the  origina1 
charter  ?     This    "  more   perfect    duplicate  ' 
turns  out  to  be  part  of  a  monkish  interpola 
tion  in  a  MS.   copy  of  the   '  Gesta '    made 
probably    late  in    the    twelfth    century    at 
Gloucester  by  a  Gloucester  scribe,  for  the  use 
of  the  Gloucester  abbey  of  St.  Peter.     More 
hereafter.     En  attendant  I  may  remark  that 
Dr.  Stubbs  will  have  none  of  it  as  part  oi 
the  genuine  text,    consigning  it   to  an  igno- 
minious  place   in  minute   type   at   the  very 
•end  of  Liber  V.     Thus  the  evidence  is  not 
so   irrefragable   as   MB.    BADDELEY   thinks. 
It    is    not    finally  conclusive  for  these  four 
reasons  :  — 

1.  It  is  found  only  in  a  copy. 

2.  The   only   original   and   genuine  docu- 
ment knows  nothing  about  it. 

3.  There     is     a     suspicious     resemblance 
between    the     two     contending    dates — the 
quoted  one,  MCXXVIL,  and  the  apparently 
obvious    one,   MCXXIII. — suggesting    a   pos- 
sible blunder  on  the  part  of  a  copyist . 

4.  History  seems  to  agree.     I  have  proved 
that  the  charter  passed  in  one  of  two  short 
intervals — February  to  June,  1123,  or  Sep- 
tember,   1126,   to   August,    1127— and   that 
internal  evidence  points  to  a  date  when  the 
King  held  a  great  council  of  prelates  and 
barons    at    Winchester.     In    each    of    those 
two  brief  intervals  the  King  did  hold  such 
a  council — the  one  at  Winchester  at  Easter, 
1123  ;  the  other,  not  at  Winchester,  but  at 
Westminster,    Christmas,     1126    ('D.N.B.'). 
The   great    ecclesiastical    Council   of   West- 
minster in  May,  1127,  is  ruled  out. 


1  MS.     By  a  pardonable  lapse  of 
MB.   BADDELEY   surely  had  for- 


but   affuerunt,  not^iffluerunt,  is  the  word  in 
the  original  MS. 
memory 

gotten  that  he  must  have  written  affuerunt 
(were  present)  in  the  copy  from  the  Glouces- 
ter original  which,  as  he  tells  us,  he  made 
"  two  or  three  years  back." 

MB.  G.  H.  WHITE'S  convincing  reasoning 
I  hope,  with  the  Editor's  kind  permission, 
to  refer  to  in  my  next. 

CHABLES  SWYNNEBTON. 
Stanley  St.  Leonards  Vicarage,  Glos. 

MB.  ST.  CLAIB  BADDELEY  refers  to  a 
"  variety "  of  Henry  I.'s  charter  in  the 
'  Gloucester  Cartulary,'  i.  235  (i.e.,  no.  cxlii.), 
attested  by  Roger  de  Gloucester  himself  ; 
but  this  is  evidently  an  earlier  charter 
granted  by  the  King  at  Falaise  before  Roger 
died  of  his  wound.  It  is  the  "  Confirmatio  " 
printed  by  MB.  BADDELEY  which  is  a  dupli- 
cate of  no.  cxlii.,  with  the  addition  of  the 
missing  list  of  witnesses — the  only  variants 
(apart  from  the  spelling  of  proper  names) 


being 
horto. 


dux  "   for  rex,   and    "  orti  "   for  de 
(No  doubt  the  same  careless  scribe 


who  changed  the  king  into  a  duke  has  dis 
arranged  the  list  of  witnesses  ;  for  the 
bishops  should  precede  the  Chancellor,  and 
the  Count  of  Meulan  should  precede  Richard 
de  Reviers.)  As  Waldric  the  Chancellor 
became  Bishop  of  Laon  in  November,  1106, 
we  can  at  last  fix  the  date  of  this  charter, 
within  the  limits  circa  July,  1105—  November, 
1106. 

For  although  MB.  BADDELEY  assigns  the 
death  of  Roger  to  1106,  I  think  that  the 
"loucester  monks  (i.  69)  and  MB.  SWYN- 
NEBTON are  rig;ht  in  giving  the  date  as  1105. 
doubt  William  of  Malmesbury  speaks  of 
ihe  event  as  if  it  occurred  not  long  before 
;he  battle  of  Tinchebrai  (Sept.  28,  1106), 
ut  he  summarizes  occurrences  in  Normandy 
ery  briefly  here  (ed.  Stubbs,  pp.  474-5). 


For    these    reasons,    notwithstanding    the    Again,  Orderic  appears  to  record  the  cam- 
rsion    of    the    original    which    occurs    in    naicm.     whirvh     ^^r\     with     the     abortive 


version 


the  corrupt  insertion  in  William  of  Malmes- 
bury, I  still  am  strongly  of  opinion  that 
the  Gloucester  charter  passed  at  Easter,  1123 
—  of  course  aptjd  Wintoniam.  (See  also  my 
argument  at  12  S.  iv.  149.)  On  the  other 
hand,  the  date  may  be  1127. 

MB.  BADDELEY  chides  Mr.  W.  H.  Hart, 
the  editor  of  the  '  Gloucester  Cartulary  ' 
"(Rolls  Series),  for  having,  as  he  supposes, 
misprinted  affuerunt  in  his  rendering  of  the 


paign,  which  ended  with  the  abortive 
attempt  on  Falaise,  under  1106  ;  but  I  think 
that  M.  Le  Prevost  shows  clearly  that  the 
year  should  be  1105  (Ordericus  Vitalis,  ed. 
Soc.  de  1'Histoire  de  France,  iv.  218-20). 
Cp.  Ramsay,  '  Foundations  of  England,' 
ii.  252-3. 

As  this  charter  (cxlii.)  also  confirms  the 
grant  of  land  through  Walter  de  Gloucester 
in  exchange  for  the  monks'  garden,  t  is 
evident  that  their  historian  is  wrong  in 


Gloucester    charter,    instead    of    affluerunt,    assigning    this    exchange    to     1109    (i.     59) 
;and  he  calls  it  "  a  ruinous  change."     There    in  the  passage  which  I  quoted  ante,  p.   18. 


is,  indeed,  a  poetical  flavour  about  affluerunt, 
the  word  in  the  "more  perfect  duplicate," 


The  true  date  cannot  be  later  than  Novem 
ber,  1106;  but,  as  the  charter  mentions  it 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v. MABCH,  1919. 


after  Roger's  gift,  it  was  probably  not  earlier 
than  July,  1105. 

It  should  now  be  possible  to  show  the 
sequence  of  gifts  and  charters  :  — 

1.  c.    July,    1105.     Roger   de   Gloucester, 
mortally  wounded  at  Falaise,  gives  Coin  to 
St.  Peter's  of  Gloucester.     Before  he  dies, 

2.  c.    July,    1105,   the  King  confirms  his 
gift,  Roger  attesting  the  charter  (ante,  p.  17  ; 
Will.  Malmesbury,  p.  521). 

3.  ?c.    July,     1105— Nov.,     1106.        The 
King  grants  Ablode  and  Pay  grove  Wood  to 
St.    Peter's    in    exchange    for    the    monks' 
garden  (i.  59),  and  issues  writ  no.  ccxci.  to 
Walter    de    Gloucester    and    others    (ante, 
p.  18), 

4.  c.  July,  1105— Nov.,  1106.     The  King 
confirms  (a)  Roger's  gift  of  Coin,  and  (b)  the 
exchange   for   the   garden    (no.    cxlii.  ;    also 
ante,   iv.    280 ;    text   from   Cambridge   MS., 
with  witnesses,  ante,  p.  17). 

5.  1127  (if  the  dating  clause  added  in  the 
Cambridge  MS.  be  correct),  or  1123  (cp.  ante, 
iv.    149).     Gilbert   de   Miners  claims   Coin ; 
but    the    King    confirms    it    to    St.    Peter's 
(no.  cxliii.  ;  also  Will.  Malmesbury,  pp. 52 1-2; 
original  text  ante,  iv.  149). 

I  regret  that  at  iv.  223  I  implied  that 
Walter  de  Gloucester  did  not  become 
Sheriff  and  Constable  of  Gloucester  until 
the  death  of  his  cousin  Roger.  My  belief 
that  Roger  held  these  offices  was  founded 
on  the  passage  in  '  Feudal  England  '  (p.  313), 
where  Dr.  Round  wrote  that  Mr.  A.  S.  Ellis 

"  was  of  opinion  that  Walter  de  Gloucester  was 
the  immediate  successor  in  the  shrievalty  of  his 
uncle  Durand,  who  died  without  issue.  This  list, 
on  the  contrary,  suggests  that  the  immediate 
successor  of  Durand  was  his  son  Roger,  and  that 
if,  like  his  father,  he  held  the  shrievalty,  this 
might  account  for  the  interlineation  remitting,  in 
his  case,  the  sum  due  "  [for  the  Worcester  Belief, 
1095]. 

But  Dr.  Round  has  since  stated  in  two 
passages  in  the  Victoria  County  History 
that  Durand  was  succeeded  as  Sheriff  by 
his  nephew  Walter  ( '  Hants,'  i.  425  ;  '  Here- 
ford,' i.  279).  The  letter  from  Gilbert 
Foliot,  Bishop  of  London  (previously  Abbot 
of  St.  Peter's),  printed  in  the  '  Glouo.  Cart.' 
(i.  Ixxvi.)  clearly  implies  that  Walter  was 
the  immediate  successor  of  Durand  as 
Constable  of  Gloucester  Castle.  And  the 
charter  evidence  seems  conclusive.  For 
Walter  is  styled  Sheriff  in  a  document  of 
1097  (Davis,  '  Regesta  Regum  Anglo-Nor- 
mannorum,'  no.  389),  in  another  of  1093-7 
(ibid.,  no.  400),  and  another  of  1094-8 
(ibid.,  no.  411  ;  Round,  '  Cal.  Doets.  France,' 
no.^468).  As  Walter  was  of  age  before  the 


decease  of  Durand,  there  is  no  apparent 
reason  why  his  father's  offices  should  not 
have  reverted  to  him  on  his  uncle's  death. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 
23  Weighton  Road,  Anerley. 

As  I  notice  that  on  p.  17  (line  11  from 
foot  of  col.  1)  I  have  written  "  Gloucester  " 
when  I  intended  Lisieux,  may  I  add  more 
precisely  the  approximate  date  of  the 
"  Confirmatio "  charter  as  Oct.  15,  1106? 
The  signature  of  David  perhaps  belongs  to- 
the  Queen's  brother. 

ST.  CLAIB  BADDELEY. 


WILLIAM  FLEETE  OF  SELWOBTHY  (12  S. 
iv.  324). — As  this  Wykehamist,  whose  epi- 
taph has  been  transcribed  for  us  by  MB. 
DODGSON,  is  not  to  be  found  readily  in 
Kirby's  *  Winchester  Scholars,'  it  may  be 
convenient  if  I  mention  that  he  occurs  there 
at  p.  133,  under  the  year  1555,  but  with  his 
surname  misprinted  "  Hett."  The  entry 
in  the  original  Register  runs  :  — 

"  Willelmus  Flett  de  London.,  xii  annorum 
primo  die  Aprilis  preterite,  dioc.  London. 
[Marginal  note  :]  recessit  Oxon." 

As  William  Fleet  (Flete  or  Fleat)  he  is 
mentioned  in  Foster's  '  Alumni  Oxonienses.* 
He  was  Rector  of  Birchanger,  Essex, 
1569-74,  and  became  Rector  of  Selworthy, 
Somerset,  in  1570,  and  also  of  Hawkridge 
in  the  same  county  in  1574.  H.  C. 

Winchester  College. 

PBE-RAPHAELITE  STAINED  GLASS  (12  S. 
iv.  217,  337).— To  the  list  published  at  the 
latter  reference  might  be  added  the  window 
in  Birchington  Church,  placed  there  by  his 
mother  in  memory  of  D.  G.  Rossetti.  It 
consists  of  two  panels:  (1)  The  Passover, 
from  Rossetti' s  picture  ;  (2)  Christ  giving 
sight  to  the  blind,  by  F.  J.  Shields.  The 
memorial  cross  over  Rossetti' s  grave,  de- 
signed by  Ford  Madox  Brown,  stands  a  few 
paces  from  the  window,  in  the  churchyard. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

To  the  list  on  iv.  337  add  St.  Mary  the 
Virgin,  Speldhurst,  Kent,  three  windows  by 
Burne- Jones  ;  and  All  Saints',  Birchington- 
on-Sea,  memorial  window  to  D.  G.  Rossetti 
by  O.  Madox  Brown.  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

There  is  a  stained-glass  window  designed 
by  Burne- Jones  in  Christ  Church,  Woburn 
Square.  J.  R.  H. 

To  the  list  may  be  added  the  church  at 
Selsley,  near  Stroud,  co.  Glos.  (Morris). 

BC. 


12  S.  V.  MARCH,  1919.]  NOTES   AND    QUERIES. 


75 


'  GREEK  ANTHOLOGY  '  :  WESTMINSTER 
AND  ETON  (12  S.  iv.  130). — I  have  only  just 
seen  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S.'s  query  at  the  above 
reference. 

I  have  the  following  in  my  own  collec- 
tion :  — 

1.  "  Anthologia     Deutera      sive      Poematum 
Graecorum   minorum    Delectus    in    usum    Scholse 
Begiae      Westmonasteriensis.     Oxoniae     e     typo- 
grapheo     Clarendoniano    Sumptibus    B.    Barker. 
MDCCXXV." 

2.  "  Anthologia  sive  Epigrammatum  Grsecorum 
ex    Anthologia    Edita    MS.    Bodleiana    aliisque 
autoribus  Delectus   in  usum  Scholae  Westmonas- 
teriensis.    Londini  Sumptibus  W.  et  W.  Ginger, 
ad    Insignia    Collegii    Westmonasteriensis    juxta 
Scholam  Regiam.     MDCCXC." 

Possibly  an  inquiry  addressed  to  the 
Librarian  of  Westminster  School  might 
reveal  the  existence  of  similar  collections  in 
the  School  Library.  J.  B.  W. 

MAW  FAMILY  (12  S.  v.  10). — There  are 
several  representatives  of  the  Epworth 
Maw  family  still  left  in  that  town  and 
neighbourhood,  some  of  whom  might  possibly 
be  able  to  give  information  on  the  subject. 
The  likeliest  source  known  to  me  is  Stone- 
house's  '  History  of  the  Isle  of  Axholme,' 
in  which  there  is  a  brief  notice  of  the  family. 
Unfortunately,  the  Epworth  parish  registers 
were  burnt  in  the  rectory  fire  of  1709,  so 
that  this  source  of  information  is  not  avail- 
able beyond  that  date.  There  are,  however, 
several  Maws  mentioned  in  Dr.  Messiter's 
little  book  '  Notes  on  Epworth  Parish  Life  in 
the  Eighteenth  Century,'  which  is  largely 
founded  on  researches  in  the  existing  parish 
registers.  Among  others,  the  following  ex- 
tracts from  these  registers  are  given  :  — 

"1710.  Mart.  8,  (Baptisata)  Susanna,  filia 
Johannis  Maw  junioris  Generosi  et  Marise  ejus 
uxoris." 

"1714.  Jul.  25.  (Sepultus)  Johannes  Maw,  senr., 
Generosus." 

There  are  other  references  to  Maws  of 
about  the  same  date.  C.  C.  B. 

PRUDENTIUS'S  '  PSYCHOMACHIA  '  (12  S. 
v.  14).—  The  late  Prof.  J.  E.  B.  Mayor  in  his 
1  Bibliographical  Clue  to  Latin  Literature,' 
1875,  after  mentioning  Matthew  Prior's 
verses  "  to  the  Rev.  Dr.  F.  Turner,  bishop  of 
Ely,  who  had  advised  a  translation  of 
Prudentius,"  adds  that  Turner  himself 
translated  the  whole,  and  gives  a  reference  to 
The  Christian's  Magazine,  1761,  230.  Whether 
the  MS.  is  in  existence  and  can  be  traced  I 
do  not  know. 

In  the  Baker-Mayor  '  History  of  St.  John's 
College,'  p.  988,  is  a  memorandum  *of  Cole 


the  antiquary  in  which  he  quotes  a  letter  of 
Baker,  who  tells  Hearne  that  Bishop  Turner 
had  a  design  to  write  Nicholas  Ferrar's  life, 
"  but  what  collections  he  had  made,  or 
where  lodged,  I  do  not  know.  His  library 
was  sold."  Mayor  notes,  op.  tit.,  p.  £89,, 
that  "  Dr.  Rawlinson  arranged  his  papers 
(Nichols,  'Lit.  Anecd.,'  v.  495)."  In  the- 
postscript  of  a  letter  from  Baker  to  Hearne- 
(Rawl.  22,  9)  of  c.  Sept.  14,  1724,  we  read  : 
"  I  am  told  by  a  Learned  Lady  (Mrs.  Grigg^ 
that  Bp.  Turner's  Papers  were  in  Mr~ 
Chiswell's  [Chishull's]  hands." 

The  life  of  Francis  Turner  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 
does  not  mention  a  translation  of  Prudentius. 

I  am  not  able  at  present  to  consult 
c  Athense  Oxonienses  '  (Turner  was  a  Fellow 
of  New  College  before  he  removed  to- 
St.  John's,  Cambridge). 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"  MANTLE -MAKER'S  TWIST  "  (12  S.  iv.  272,, 
334). — I  have  always  known  this  as  "  dress- 
maker's twist,"  which  is,  however,  only  a~ 
variant. 

As  regards  squeezing  the  teapot,  this  was 
humorously  done  to  extract  a  few  more- 
drains.  It  was  certainly  the  custom  to 
make  a  second  brew  of  the  leaves  by  stewing 
on  the  hob  by  the  fire.  The  second  brew 
was  known  as  "  husband  tea  "  and  "  come 
love,"  and  the  liquor  thus  served  out  was 
the  husband's  drink  when  he  came  in  from 
work,  the  "  come  love  "  being  a  comforting 
yet  derisive  expression  which  meant  much 
or  little  as  the  husband  might  take  it. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Southfield,  Worksop. 

HON.  LIEUT.  GEORGE  STEWART  (12  S. 
v.  12). — The  inscription  on  the  gravestone- 
is  evidently  incorrect  in  many  things. 
The  8th  Earl  of  Moray  was  named  James, 
and  he  died  in  1767  (see  obituary  notices 
in  '  The  Annual  Register  '  and  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  1767).  The  Hon.  Lieut. 
George  Stewart  could  not  therefore  be  a 
son  of  the  8th  Earl,  as  he  was  not  born  till 
1771.  The  9th  Earl  was  named  Francis, 
and  he  had  twin  sons  born  on  Feb.  2,  1771, 
viz.,  Francis,  10th  Earl  of  Moray,  and 
Archibald,  who  died  Oct.  30,  1832  (see 
obituary  notice  in  Gentleman's  Magazine). 
No  trace  of  the  birth  or  death  of  the  "  Hon. 
Lieut.  George  Stewart "  can  be  found  iu 
'The  Annual  Register'  or  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine.  The  inscription  is  also  worded 
rather  peculiarly.  If  Lieut.  George  Stewart 
was  the  son  of  an  earl,  should  not  his  name- 
have  read  "Lieut,  the  Hon.  George 


76 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v.  MARCH,  1919. 


;  Stewart  "  ?  Also  was  not  the  88th  Regt. 
usually  known  as  the  88th  Foot  ?  Another 
point  in  the  inscription  is  the  spelling  of 
the  name  "  Stewart "  ;  the  family  name 
of  the  Earls  of  Moray  was  written 
*'  Stuart  "  at  that  period. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 
Bolton. 

MARY  WATERS,  LADY  TYNTE  (12  S. 
iv.  178,  205,  313). — It  would  appear  pro- 
bable that  Mary  Waters  on  her  marriage 
with  Sir  Halswell  Tynte  settled  her  posses- 
sions on  her  husband  and  his  heirs  in 
exchange  for  a  pecuniary  settlement  on 
herself ;  for  we  find  the  following  entry 
under  '  Deaths '  in  vol.  xxviii.  of  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine  : — 

"  1758,  Dec.  17. — Hon.  Lady  Tynte,  at  Farley, 
near  Winton  ;  her  jointure  of  2,OOOZ.  per  Ann. 
comes  to  Sir  Charles  Kemeys  Tynte,  Bart." 

As  this  lady  survived  Sir  Halswell  Tynte 
for  twenty-eight  years,  it  may  be  estimated 
that  her  possessions  (principally  land  in 
Brecknockshire)  cost  the  Tynte  family  the 
goodly  sum  of  56,OOOZ.  or  more. 

CROSS-CROSSLET. 

COL.  A.  R.  MACDONELL'S  DUEL  WITH 
NORMAN  MACLEOD  (12  S.  v.  9,  43). — May  I 
be  allowed  to  correct  a  slight  inaccuracy  in 
my  reply  at  the  latter  reference  ?  I  stated 
'that  Sabine's  '  Notes  on  Duels  and  Duelling  ' 
was  not  in  the  British  Museum  Library,  but 
I  now  find  that  it  is.  I  looked  for  it  in  the 
Subject  Index  under  the  head  of  '  Duelling,' 
but,  unlike  several  other  works  on  that 
topic,  it  was  not  entered.  I  naturally, 
therefore,  concluded  it  was  not  in  the 
Library,  but  I  now  find  that  it  is,  but  only 
indexed  under  the  author's  name.  The 
intricacies  of  these  indices,  admirable  though 
they  are,  are  not  mastered  in  a  day. 

WlLLOUGHBY    MAYCOCK. 

HENGLER  FAMILY  (12  S.  iv.  242,  314).— 
I  am  greatly  obliged  to  the  writers  at  the 
second  reference,  and  to  Mr.  A.  W.  Samuel, 
for  information.  B case's  '  Modern  Bio- 
graphy,' vol.  i.,  mentions  Edward  Henry, 
son  of  Henry  (1819-65)  ;  Frederick  Charles, 
brother  of  Edward  Henry  (1820-87)  ;  and 
the  latter 's  eldest  son  Frederick  Charles 
'(1855-89).  The  maiden  name  of  the  mother 
of  the  elder  Frederick  Charles  is  said  to  have 
been  Kelly.  Frederick  Charles  sen.  had 
also  a  son  John,  who  lives  at  Hoylake,  and 
his  sister-in-law  Mrs.  Hird  (nee  Sprake)  is 
still  alive. 


In  Dublin  Hengler's  had  a  building  on  the 
site  of  the  Rotunda  Rink  (now  used  by  the 
postal  authorities).  I  have  vivid  memories 
of  the  spectacular  pieces  there — '  Zulu  War  ' 
(Dublin  Evening  Telegraph,  Christmas,  1914), 
'Water  Novelty/  'Cinderella,'  and 
'  Siberia.'  Blondin  appeared  here,  Whim- 
sical Walker,  Yorick  the  Fool,  Willio 
Templeton  (the  "singing  clown"),  and  the 
inimitable  Frank  Anderson  as  Handy  Andy 
(suggested  by  Lover's  hero).  Perhaps  some 
day  the  full  history  of  these  old  friends  will 
be  written.  J.  ARDAGH. 

35  Church  Avenue,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

ST.  CUTHMAN  (12  S.  iv.  329). — In  a  paper 
read  by  the  Rev.  Thomas  Medland  (Vicar  of 
Steyning,  1840-82)  in  August,  1851,  on  the 
early  history  of  Steyning  and  its  church, 
published  in  Sussex  Archaeological  Collec- 
tions,v.  111-26,  he  gives  a  quotation  from 
an  ancient  life  of  St.  Cuthmann  in  the 
'  Acta  Sanctorum  Bollandi,'  Antwerp,  1658, 
vol.  ii.  p.  197,  Feb.  8,  which  was  kept  as  his 
anniversary. 

The  account  of  the  saint  quoted  by  MR. 
WAINEWRIGHT  from  Hare  is  evidently  a 
condensed  form  of  the  passage  translated  by 
Medland  ;  but,  as  the  latter  makes  no  men- 
tion of  the  gloves  worn  by  the  saint  when 
engaged  on  building  his  church,  it  seems 
to  be  an  independent  version.  Medland 
says : — 

"In  this  dilemma  he  framed  a  kind  of  movable 
couch,  which  from  the  description  given  of  it  must 
have  been  very  like  a  large  wheelbarrow,  and  with 
its  assistance  he  was  enabled  to  take  with  him  his 
mother  as  the  companion  of  his  wanderings." 

After  relating  how  the  "  barrow  "  fell  to 
the  ground  for  the  second  time,  Medland 
continues  :  — 

"  This  was  at  Steyning,  and  the  accuracy  with 
which  the  locality  is  described  inspires  a  belief  in 
the  truthfulness  of  this  part  of  the  narrative,  which 
we  should  not  perhaps  so  readily  accord  to  some 
other  parts." 

He  proceeds  to  give  the  description,  and 
adds  in  a  note  the  Latin  which  he  is  trans- 
lating. 

St.  Cuthmann,  Medland  tells  us,  was 
buried  in  the  church  which  he  built,  and 
quotes  as  authorities  for  the  statement 
G.  Hickes,  '  Thesaurus,'  vol.  iii.  p.  120,  and 
Leland's  '  Collect.,'  i.  p.  96,  quoted  by 
Cartwright,  p.  169.  He  states  too,  on  the 
authority  of  Asser,  that  the  father  of  Alfred 
the  Great  was  buried  there,  and  thinks  that 
the  body  was  afterwards  removed  to 
Winchester. 

He  gives  no  indication  as  to  the  date  of 
the  demolition  of  the  priory  buildings,  but 


12  S.  V.  MARCH,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


77 


states  that  the  priory  was  founded  on  the 
site  afterwards  occupied  by  the  parsonage 
house. 

"Among  the  Burrell  MRS.,"  says  Medland,"is 
an  extract  of  a  letter  of  Mr.  Hoper,  the  vicar,  to 
Mr.  Burrell,  dated  April  19, 1777,  in  which  he  says  : 
*  The  parsonage  house  was  formerly  the  residence 
of  six  Carthiisian  monks,  subject  to  a  superior 
religious  house  at  Caen  in  Normandy.'  There  are 
here  two  mistakes but  Mr.  Upper  gives  doubt- 
less the  current  tradition  concerning  the  site  of  the 
priory  ;  and  the  tradition  was  confirmed,  A.D.  1848, 
by  the  discovery  of  the  fishponds  belonging  to  the 
establishment,  when  the  foundations  were  dug  out 
for  the  wall  of  the  vicarage  garden." 

Steyning  was  evidently  a  place  of  con- 
siderable importance  in  Saxon  times,  for 
it  had  a  royal  mint.  Specimens  of  coins 
minted  there  have  been  found  at  Chancton 
in  the  neighbourhood.  O.  KING  SMITH. 

For  a  life  of  this  saint  see  the  Bollandist 
Fathers'  '  Acta  Sanctorum  '  under  the  date 
given  (Feb.  8).  The  title  is  :  '  De  S.  Cuth- 
mano  Confess  ore  Stenningse  in  Normannia  ' 
(about  2|  pp.).  L.  L.  K. 

'THE  NEWCOMES  '  (12  S.  v.  14). — It  is 
not  very  probable  that  a  "  key  "  to  chap.  viii. 
exists  ;  and,  if  it  did,  it  would  perhaps  be 
like  many  similar  "keys" — bright  and 
ingenious,  but  unlocking  nothing.  Thackeray 
is  as  difficult  in  such  matters  as  Dickens  is 
easy.  We  have  his  own  statement  that 
Col.  Newcome  himself  was  in  life  no  one  in 
particular,  and  little  more  can  be  said. 
Lady  Ritchie  writes  all  that  is  necessary 
(Introduction  to  'The  Newcomes  ')  :  "  We 
called  her  Aunt  Becher,  but  her  other  name 
I  do  believe  was  Miss  Martha  Honeyman." 
"Pidge  of  Brazenose  "  is  hinted  at;  and, 
most  curiously,  Thackeray  himself  as  "  J.  J.," 
in  almost  his  own  words  of  that  artist 
(drawing  "  not  so  much  the  things  he  saw, 
as  the  things  he  thought  about,"  at  a  very 
juvenile  age)  :  as  distinguished  from  Clive, 
who  did  the  other  thing.  Mrs.  Hobson  is, 
of  course,  a  supreme  creation  of  her  genre. 
There  is  nothing  quite  like  her  in  our  litera- 
ture, though  plenty  in  her  very  image  in  our 
lives.  She  is  rife  at  present.  "  Social 
conditions  "  is  her  shibboleth,  and  her  own 
social  condition  her  end — ehe  wishes  to 
become  Lady  Ann  Newcome  still.  It  should 
be  remembered  that  Mrs.  Hobson's  guests 
were  notorieties  rather  than  notabilities. 

The  powerful  chapter  in  '  Pendennis  ' 
describing  the  literary  dinner  at  the  incep- 
tion of  The  Pall  Mall  Gazette  has  been  fitted 
with  a  "  key."  But  very  little  is  revealed, 
and  it  may  be  doubted  if  Shandon  was  wholly 


Maginn;  Wenham  and  Wagg,  Croker  and: 
Hook ;  Warrington,  Venables,  &c.  If  the 
sensible,  lovable  Foker  was  really  the  cad 
Archdeckne,  Thackeray  is  to  be  thanked 
for  a  noble  action.  Bulwer  was  the  head 
and  front  of  his  early  offending  in  this 
matter,  and  he  made  full  amends.  Things 
like  Mrs.  Nickleby  and  Micawber  (Dickens's 
mother  and  father),  Harold  Skimpole,  &c.r 
were  not  at  all  to  Thackeray's  taste. 

But  if  any  "key"  existed  to  'The 
Newcomes '  chapter,  it  would  surely  not 
reveal  Charlotte  Bronte  in  "  Mies  Pinnifer." 
Thackeray's  opinions  on  '  Jane  Eyre  '  and 
its  author  are  given  somewhat  over-fully 
in  his  introductory  note  to  '  Emma,'  a 
fragment  by  Charlotte  Bronte  (Cornhill 
Magazine,  1860).  They  could  have  led 
to  no  such  caricature.  It  is  strange  how 
his  ideas  on  '  Jane  Eyre '  developed. 
Writing  to  Brookfield  in  October,  1848,  he 
professes  almost  to  believe,  on  the  authority 
of  "old  Dilke  of  The  Athenceum,"  that 
"  Procter  and  his  wife  "  wrote  the  book. 
Later  he  owns,  more  seriously,  that  he  left 
his  own  urgent  work  undone  that  he  might 
finish  the  volumes.  Probably  he  tasted 
the  flattery  of  some  of  the  imitation — the 
theatricals,  for  instance,  natural  enough  in 
'  Vanity  Fair,'  but  fairly  dragged  into 
'  Jane  Eyre.' 

Thackeray,  who  wished  no  '  Life  '  to  be  • 
written    of    him,    carried    the    keys    of    his 
characters   (if   there  were  such)   with  him. 
His    only    real    biographers — Lady    Ritchie 
and  Leslie  Stephen — tell  uts  little  or  nothing. 
It  is  very  well  so.     There  was  no  tale  to- 
tell.  GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

21  Parkfield  Road,  Liverpool. 

RICHARD  I.  IN  CAPTIVITY  (12  S.  iv.  303  ; 
v<  21). — In  the  1876  edition  of  'Flaherty' 
(edited  by  the  late  Prof.  Stubbs)  the  last 
entry  under  1192  reads,  not  "in  a  castle 
in  the  Tyrol,"  but  (p.  132)  "  at  Diirrenstem. 
on  the  Danube."  This  castle  is  near 
Krems,  and  on  the  north  bank  of  the  Danube, 
a  little  west  of  Vienna.  For  further  details 
as  to  the  spot  of  Richard's  captivity  see 
R.  Pauli,  '  Geschichte  von  England,'  iii. 
(1853),  p.  250,  and  Alfons  Huber,  'Ge- 
schichte von  Oesterreich,'  i.  (1885),  p.  278. 
Both  quote  various  English  annalists  (Ralph 
de  Diceto  and  Ralph  of  Coggediall).  See 
also  Th.  Toeche,  '  Kaiser  Heinrich  VI.' 
(1867,  '  Jahrbiicher  der  Deutschen  Ge- 
schichte '),  pp.  261-2.  Note  that  "  Leopold, 
Duke  of  Austria,"  was  of  the  house  of 
Babenberg,  which  held  the  duchy  of  Austria 
from  976  to  1246,  the  Habsburgers  only 


78 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.       [12  s.  v.  MARCH,  1919. 


-getting  it  in  1282  (see  my  *  Alps  in  Nature 
and  History,'  1908,  pp.  128-30).  Doubtless 
Stubbs's  '  Itinerarium  '  of  Richard  I.  (Rolls 
Series,  1864)  would  help,  but  I  cannot 
consult  it  out  here. 

An  extremely  full  bibliography  of  all  the 
-original  sources  for  Richard's  captivity  is 
given  on  p.  325,  note  1  (15  lines  of  small 
print),  of  G.  Juritsch's  '  Geschichte  der 
Babenberger  und  ihrer  Lander,  976-1246 ' 
(Innsbruck,  Wagner,  1894). 

W.  A.  B.  C. 

Grindelwald. 

MARKSHALL  AND  THE  HONYWOOD  FAMILY 
(12  S.  iv.  234,  263). — Thomas  Fuller's  anec- 
•dofce  concerning  the  agony  of  Mrs.  Mary 
Honywood's  soul,  quoted  by  F.  H.  S.  at  the 
former  reference,  supplies  the  material  for 
a  curious  piece  of  literary  induction.  The 
tale  is  first  found  in  the  sermons  of  Dr.  John 
"Stoughton  of  Emmanuel,  published  sub- 
sequent to  his  death,  which  occurred  in 
1639.  Neither  the  name  of  Mrs.  Hony- 
wood  nor  the  locality  is  mentioned  by 
Stoughton. 

A  Thomas  Stoughton  was  Rector  of 
Coggeshall,  near  which  Markshall  lies.  He 
was  deprived  for  Puritanism  in  1607.  An 
inference  suggests  that  John  Stoughton 
had  heard  the  anecdote  locally,  and  that  he 
navy  have  been  the  son  of  Thomas  Stoughton. 
'This  inference  is  strengthened  by  finding  the 
record  of  the  baptism  of  a  John  Stoughton, 
son  of  Thomas  and  Kathe^ine,  under  date 
Jan.  23,  1592/3,  at  Naughton,  Suffolk. 
The  date  accords  well  with  John  Stoughton' s 
-entry  at  Emmanuel  in  1607. 

The  last  stage  of  the  induction  is  supplied 
by  a  statement  made  by  the  Rev.  Thomas 
'Stoughton,  in  a  preface  to  his  works,  that 
lie  had  come  from  Suffolk. 

MARGARET  WHITEBROOK. 

MARKSHALL  AND  THE  FULLER  FAMILY 
<(12  S.  v.  8). — It  would  be  very  kind  if  MR. 
J.  F.  FULLER  would  tell  me  how  Robert 
Vesoy  of  Wix  Abbey,  Essex,  came  to  be 
buried  at  Markshall  on  March  8,  1575. 
"Was  he  in  any  way  akin  to  Thos.  Fuller, 
lord  of  Markshall  in  1561  ?  Robert  Vesey 
died  vita  patris  as  husband  of  Joan,  daughter 
of  Win.  Cardinall  of  Bromley  (Essex),  and 
son  of  William  Vesey  of  Wix  Abbey  and 
fiintlesham,  Suffolk.  The  latter  had  two 
wives — the  first  nameless,  the  second  Joan, 
•daughter  of  Robert  Cutler  of  Ipswich,  who 
made  her  will  as  Joan  Vesey  of  Hintlesham 
•widow,  on  Oct.  5,  1586. 

OLD  EAST  ANGLIAN. 


ANDREW  B.  WRIGHT,  LOCAL  HISTORIAN 
AND  ACTOR   (12  S.  v.  14). — That  Andrew  B. 
Vright,  author  of  '  An  Essay  towards  the 
listory  of  Hexham,'  was  an  actor  may  be 
accepted   by   MR.    HODGSON    as   something 
more   than  a  tradition.     William  Robb,   a 
lexham  man,   on  p.    16   of  his   '  Hexham 
Fifty  Years  Ago '  (published  1882),  is  clear 
on  the  point.     He  says  :  — 

1  There  is  still  another  amusement  of  our 
iredecessors  to  Which  I  have  barely  alluded  in 
>assing.  Hexham  had  in  those  early  days  a 
-heatre  in  which  every  winter  the  drama  was 
more  or  less  successfully  performed.  The  family 
of  the  manager  were  the  principal  actors,  and, 
rom  the  regularity  of  their  visits  for  years  to  the 
*>wn,  they  had  become  well  known  and  highly 
respected  by  many  of  the  townspeople.  One  of 
>hem,  Mr.  Andrew  Wright,  wrote  a  History  of 
Rexham,  which  as  a  record  of  facts  has  not  even 
yet  been  superseded." 

Confirmation  of  Mr.  Robb's  boyhood 
recollections  will  be  found  in  The  Newcastle 
Magazine  for  March,  1824,  in  which  a  review 
appears  of  Mr.  Wright's  then  recently  pub- 
ished  work.  Dating  his  criticism  from 
Hexham,  and  exhibiting  in  his  remarks  an 
intimate  knowledge  of  local  conditions,  the 
critic,  in  a  foot-note  to  a  statement  of  Mr. 
Wright's  concerning  the  recreations  of  the 
nhabitants  of  Hexham,  says  :  — 

"  The  author  is  a  player ;  and,  We  can  con- 
fidently add,  an  honour  to  his  profession." 

These  two  extracts  are  conclusive  as  far 
as  they  go.  They  show  that  Mr.  Wright 
was  an  actor  and  the  son  of  an  actor- 
manager,  and  that  he  enjoyed  the  esteem 
of  the  Hexham  people.  And  though  they 
do  little  to  elucidate  MR.  HODGSON'S  chief 
inquiry,  regarding  the  parentage,  career, 
and  death  of  Mr.  A.  B.  Wright,  they  may, 
in  the  absence  of  anything  more  com- 
prehensive, be  of  use  to  those  interested  in 
the  subject.  JOHN  OXBERRY. 

Gateshead. 

"^BADULLA,  CEYLON  :  TOMBSTONE  IN- 
SCRIPTION (12  S.  v.  37). — For  particulars  of 
Sylvester  Douglas  Wilson  and  his  wife  see 
11  S.  xii.  120.  The  correct  inscription  is  :  — 
"  Sacred  to  the  memory  of  Sophia  Wilson,  only 
daughter  of  the  late  Edmund  Battersbee,  Esq.  of 
Stratford  upon  Avon,  Warwickshire,  wife  of 
Sylvester  Douglas  Wilson,  Esq.,  Assistant  Resi- 
dent and  Agent  of  the  British  Government  in 
the  Province  of  Ouwa.  She  departed  this  life  at 
Badulla  after  a  few  days'  illness  on  the  morning  ol 
the  24th  May,  1817,  aged  24  years." 

It  is  given  in  my  '  List  of  Inscriptions  on 
Tombstones  and  Monuments  in  Ceylon,'  a 
review  of  which  appeared  at  11  S.  x.  259-60. 
A  monument  of  rough  masonry,  with  a 


i28.v.MAKcH,i9i9.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


79 


marble  tablet  inserted  in  it,  has  within  the 
last  five  years  been  erected  by  the  Govern- 
ment to  the  memory  of  S.  D.  Wilson,  near 
the  spot  where  he  was  killed  while  on  duty. 

PENBY  LEWIS. 

WAR  SLANG  (12  S.  iv.  271,  306,  333; 
v.  18). — MB.  SPABKE'S  list  is  good,  but 
there  are  two  words  at  least  from  which 
he  has  not  extracted  the  full  service  meaning. 

The  first  is  "  rumble,"  to  discover,  to  find 
out  or  to  detect  in  any  trickery.  Thus  a 
malingerer  is  "  rumbled "  by  the  medical 
officer. 

The  second  is  "  sweating,"  which  MB. 
SPABKE  associates  with  the  game  of  hide- 
and-seek.  It  is,  however,  more  frequently 
used  in  the  favourite  game  "  house,"  where 
each  player  buys  a  card  on  which  are 
printed  three  rows  of  figures.  Counters 
bearing  other  figures  are  extracted  from  a 
bag,  and  the  players  cover  up  the  numbers 
that  appear  on  their  respective  cards  as  the 
numbers  are  called  out.  When  any  player 
has  completed  any  horizontal  line  in  this 
way,  he  calls  "  House,"  and  takes  the  pool 
(the  money  paid  for  the  cards).  When  he 
needed  one  number  only  to  complete  a  line, 
he  was  "  sweating  on  "  that  number.  It  is 
easy  to  understand  why  the  prospect  of 
winning  a  substantial  sum  causes  him 
literally  to  sweat. 

Thus  "  sweating "  has  come  to  mean 
"to  be  within  an  ace  of  securing  "  or  "to 
have  a  reasonable  hope  of  attaining."  A 
corporal  may  be  said  to  be  "  sweating  on  ' 
sergeant,  that  is,  he  has  reasonable  hope  of 
shortly  becoming  one. 

In  connexion  with  leave  it  is  frequently 

employed    to    indicate    prospects.        Thus 

"  Had    your    leave  ?  "     "  No,    but    I    am 

sweating,"  or  "  No,  I  am  not  even  sweating.' 

A.  J.  C.  AITKEN. 

My  impression  is  that  "fed  up"  was 
brought  home  by  the  soldiers  from  th( 
Boer  war  of  1899-1902  ;  and  to  the  best  o: 
my  recollection  they  were  said  to  have 
acquired  the  expression  from  the  Australian 
troops. 

I  quote  the  following  from  some  interesting 
notes  on  war  slang  contributed  by  Mr.  E.  B 
Osborn  to  The  Illustrated  London  News  o 
Jan.  4  :  — 

"  '  Snaffer,'  which  means  please  don't  troubl 
(almost  the  equivalent  of  the  Russian  Nitchevo] 
is  derived  from  the  polite  '  £a  ne  fait  rien  '  of  th 
farmer's  wife  when  Mr.  Atkins  apologized  fo 
inflicting  some  trifling  inconvenience.  But  napoo 
of  course,  is  the  indispensable  and  ineyitabl 
dissyllable  ;  it  is  to  be  heard  a  hundred  times 


ay,  and  always  in  a  different  sense.  It  i 
hameleon  of  words,  taking  its  colouring  of 
ignificance  from  varying  circumstances.  It  is  a* 
orruption  of  a  corrupt  abbreviation  —  of  JV'j/  en 
p'ws,  which  means  II  n't/  en  a  plus  (that's  the- 
ast  of  it)." 

Tommy    Atkins    calls    a    route-march    a. 
rout-march."     I  have  often  heard  officers 
n  the  old  army  adopt  the  mispronunciation,, 
quite  as  a  matter  of  course.     If  it  is  general, 
t  would  seem  to  be  a  case  of  evil  com- 
munications corrupting  good  manners. 

J.  R.  H. 

"  Gypos "  (12  S.  iv.  £07)  is  meant  for 
*  Gyppies,"  the  Army  term  for  the- 
Egyptian  army.  The  R.A.M.C.  used  to  fce- 
jalled  "  poultice  wallahs,"  not  "  twallowers  " 
ibid.).  C.  G. 

Gambia. 

"DINKUM"  (12  S.  v.  7).— The  word  was 
used  by  my  men  in  Palestine  when  they 
referred  to  Australians.  They  would  say, 
'  A  company  of  Dinkums  have  pitched 
eamp  near  here  during  the  night,"  or,  "  The 
Dinkums  have  struck  camp  and  gone." 

E.  W.  G.,  R.A.F. 

"CAMOUFLAGE"  (12  S.  v.  42).— MB. 
WAINEWBIGHT  will  find  further  interesting- 
remarks  anent  the  derivation  of  this  much- 
discussed  anglicized  word  in  The  Globe  of 
Nov.  8,  1917,  and  The  Daily  Express  of 
Nov.  24  and  27  of  the  same  year. 

CECIL  CLABKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

GOLDSWOBTHY    AS    A    PLACE-NAME    (12    S. 

v.  39). — Goldsworthy  (or  Goldworthy)  is  a 
small  hamlet  in  the  parish  of  Parkham, 
near  Bideford,  North  Devon.  It  was  for- 
merly the  seat  of  the  Gay  family. 

R.  PEABSE  CHOPE. 

CLAY  BALLS  AS  CHBISTMAS  COLLECTING 
BOXES  (12  S.  v.  39). — A  Christmas  box  was 
a  box  generally  made  of  earthenware,  with 
a  slit  in  it  through  which  the  money  given 
at  Christmas  was  passed  into  the  box. 
It  was  carried  about  by  apprentices  and 
others  to  receive  gifts,  which  were  hoarded 
up,  and  could  only  be  got  out  by  breaking 
the  box.  Allusions  to  these  Christmas 
boxes  are  to  be  found  in  seventeenth- 
century  writers.  For  example  :  — 

"  Like  the  Christmas  earthen  boxes  of  appren- 
tices, apt  to  take  in  money,  but  he  restores  none 
till  hee  be  broken,  like  a  potter's  vessel,  into  many 
shares." — H.  Browne,  '  Map  of  the  Microcosme,' 
1642,  sig.  c.  6  b. 

Aubrey,  in  his  '  Introduction  to  the 
Survey  and  Natural  History  of  the  North 


80 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v.  MARCH,  1019. 


X)ivision  of  the  County  of  North  Wiltshire,' 
speaking  of  a  pot  in  which  some  Roman 
^denarii  were  found,  says  that  "  it  resembles 
in  appearance  an  apprentice's  earthen  Christ- 
mas Box"  See,  under  title  '  Christmas 
Box,'  Nares's  '  Glossary,'  edited  by  Halli- 
well  and  Wright ;  Brand's  '  Popular  An- 
tiquities,' edited  by  Ellis,  and  the  '  New 
'English  Dictionary.' 

The  "earthen  halffe  baked  balles.... 
made  For  servauntts  to  gather  Mony  att 
Christmas,"  referred  to  by  SIB  R.  C. 
TEMPLE,  were  evidently  rudely  made 
varieties  of  the  Christmas  boxes  before 
.alluded  to.  WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 

Sandys  in  'Christinas  Carols'  (1833) 
says : — 

"  Apprentices  and  journeymen,  and  servants, 
used  to  carry  about  earthen  boxes  with  a  slit  in 
them  to  receive  money  fat  Christmas  time],  and, 
when  the  time  for  collecting  was  over,  broke  them 
to  obtain  the  contents." 

Brand  in  '  Popular  Antiquities  '  gives  refer- 
ences so  far  back  as  1621  and  1642.  Neither 
of  these  authors  states  whether  the  custom 
is  peculiar  to  any  one  district. 

ARCHIBALD  SPABKE. 

"  KIMONO"  (12  S.  iv.  271).— In  the 
'  Diary  of  Richard  Cocks  '  (Hakluyt  Society, 
1883,  vol.  i.)  we  read  thus  :  — 

"November  6  [1615].  I  received ...  .other  2 
[letters]  from  Mr.  Eaton.  .  .  . \vherin  Capt.  Copin- 
dall  adviseth  me  how  well  the  Emperour  did 
receve  the  present  he  carid  hym,  and  gave  hym 
an  other  of  5  kcrremons,  10  pike  heades,  100  arrow 
heades,  and  three  waccadashes  [wakizashis,  or 
swords] "—P.  81. 

"  Marche  15  [1616],  There  went  divers,  pil- 
grims to  Tenchadire  with  an  ammambush  [  Yama- 
•bushi,  mountaineering  priest]  for  their  gide,  the 
pilgrims  haveing  letters  written  on  the  backs  of 
their  keremons  (or  coates)." — P.  121. 

Doubtless  both  kerremon  and  keremon 
of  this  diary  are  intended  for  kirimon,  a 
vulgar  abbreviation  of  kirimono,  which,  in 
its  turn,  is  a  corrupted  titterance  of  kimono. 

KUMAGTJSU   MlNAKATA. 
Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

BYRON  IN  FICTION  (12  S.  iv.  10,  60).— In 
addition  to  the  novels  listed  in  my  former 
article  and  to  Mrs.  Ward's  '  The  Marriage 
t)f  William  Ashe  '  (supplied  by  M.  H.  DODDS 
at  the  second  reference,  and  by  several 
gentlemen  who  communicated  with  me  by 
post)  the  following  novel,  recently  turned 
up  by  me,  may  be  recorded  :  — 

Bailie    Erminie    Rives    [Mrs.    Post    Wheeler] 
The  Castaway.     Indianapolis,  n.d.  [1904]. — This 
production  follows  the  incidents  of  Byron's  life 
-quite  closely,  with  just  sufficient  perversion  oi 


events,  characters,  and  motives  to  make  the 
perusal  of  it  irritating  to  any  one  acquainted  with 
the  details  of  Byron's  career.  His  character  is 
'  whitewashed  "  and  sentimentalized  painfully. 
Always  he  is  depicted  as  more  sinned  against  than 
sinning.  Lady  Byron  and  Lady  Caroline  Lamb 
are  both  blackened.  Mary  Chaworth  does  not 
appear.  La  Guiccioli  is  the  heroine.  She  and  a 
friar  of  the  Armenian  monastery  near  Venice  are 
with  Byron  when  he  dies.  All  the  characters  are 
trom  real  life  except  a  certain  Trevanion,  who  is 
bhe  villain  of  the  piece.  The  novel  is  illustrated 
by  Howard  Chandler  Christy. 

SAMUEL  C.  CHEW. 
Bryn  Mawr  College,  U.S.A. 

HERALDIC  :  SABLE,  ON  A  CHEVRON  ARGENT 
(12  S.  iv.  219,  334).— In  The  English  Illus- 
trated Magazine  for  April,  1901,  appeared  an 
article  on  *  Proclamations  and  Broadsides.' 
It  was  illustrated  by  a  number  of  photo- 
graphic reproductions  of  these  old  docu- 
ments. On  p.  88  was  reproduced  a  card 
or  "  ticket  "  referring  to  the  King  family. 
It  was  not  directly  mentioned  in  the  text, 
but  I  made  a  copy  of  it  at  the  time.  In  the 
centre  of  an  oblong  sheet  is  printed  the 
following  :  — 

"  A  General  Meeting  of  the  Surname  of  KING 
being  appointed  to  be  Held  at  Mr.  John  King's, 
at  the  Rummer  Tavern  in  White-Chappel, 
London,  on  Saturday  the  29th  of  this  Instant 
May,  1703,  being  the  Anniversary  in  Memory  of 
the*  happy  Restoration  of  KING  CHARLES  the  2d 
and  the  ROYAL  Family.  You  are  earnestly 
desired  to  be  there  by  Twelve  of  the  Clock 
precisely,  by  your  most  humble  Servants 
Robert  King,  Gent.,  "^ 

James  King,  Herald  Painter,  V  Stewards. 
John  King,  Vintner. 

Pay  for  the  Ticket  2,8.  6d.,  and  bring  it  for  your 
Admittance." 

The  edges  of  the  cards  are  ornamented 
with  seventeen  coats  of  arms. 

The  only  one  of  these  which  actually 
corresponds  to  the  charges  in  the  arms 
inquired  about  is  given  without  tinctures, 
and  is  accorded  to  King  of  Dorsetshire. 

To  the  other  variants  I  need  not  here 
refer.  JOHN  T.  PAGE. 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

[We  greatly  regret  to  hear  of  the  death  of  MR. 
PAGE.  Fuller  reference  will  be  made  in  our  next 
issue.] 

THE  AINSLIE  BOND  (12  S.  v.  41). — Will 
the  following  extract  from  Mr.  Samuel 
Cowan's  '  Mary,  Queen  of  Scots,  and  who 
wrote  the  Casket  Letters,'  answer  SCOTTISH 
STUDENT  ? — 

"  After  the  flight  of  Bothwell,  Sir  James 
Balf  our ....  broke  open  Both  well's  private  desk 
....  and  took  out  of  it  the  bond  for  Darnley 's 
murder,  also  the  one  signed  at  Ainslie's  tavern, 
requiring  Bothwell  to  marry  the  queen.  Balfour 


12  S.  V.  MARCH,  1919  ]  NOTES   AND    QUERIES. 


81 


and  Morton  afterwards  quarrelled,  and  we  are 
informed  from  a  letter,  Drury  to  Cecil,  Novem- 
ber 28th,  that  Maitland  destroyed  the  latter  bond 
shortly  after  its  discovery.  Though  the  original 
has  been  destroyed,  a  copy  has  fortunately  been 
preserved  in  the  State  Paper  Office." 

Mr.  Cowan  gives  a  copy  of  the  bond  in 
the  above-mentioned  work. 

W.  A.  HUTCHISON. 

EPITAPHS  TO  SLAVES  (12  S.  iv.  323  ;  v.  26). 
— In  the  churchyard  of  Henbury,  Gloucester- 
shire, not  far  from  the  north  porch,  on  the 
west  side  of  the  footpath,  is  a  headstone 
bearing  the  following  inscription  :  — 

Here 
Lieth  the  Body  of 

Scipio  Africanus 

Negro  Servant  to  ye  Bight 

Honourable  Charles  William 

Earl  of  Suffolk  and  Bradon  [sic] 

Who  Died  ye  31  December 

1720  Aged  18  Years. 

On  the  upper  part  of  the  headstone  are 
sculptured  two  woolly  -  headed  cherubs, 
painted  black.  Below  the  inscription  are 
two  skulls. 

The  footstone  has  the  following  lines  : — 
I  who  was  born  a  Pagan  and  a  Slave 
Now  sweetly  sleep  a  Christian  in  my  grave. 
What  tho:  my  hue  was  dark,  my  Saviour's  sight 
Shall  change  this  darkness  into  radiant  light. 
Such  grace  to  me  my  LORD  on  earth  has  given 
To  recommend  me  to  my  LORD  in  Heaven, 
Whose  glorious  Second  Coming  here  I  wait, 
With  Saints  and  ANGELS  here  to  celebrate. 

Charles  William,  Earl  of  Suffolk  and 
Bindon  and  Baron  Chesterford,  married 
Arabella,  dau.  and  coheir  of  Sir  Samuel 
Astry  of  Henbury  by  Elizabeth,  dau.  and  h. 
of  George  Morse  of  Henbury.  He  died  at 
Henbury  Feb.  9,  1721/2,  in  his  29th  year. 

C.  H.  S.  P. 

WYBORNE  FAMILY  OF  ELMSTONE,  KENT 
(12  S.  iv.  130,  254  ;  v.  49).— The  Joseph 
Wyborne  who  graduated  M.A.  at  Cambridge 
in  1606  was  educated  at  Westminster  School, 
where  he  was  on  the  foundation,  and  in 
1598  was  elected  to  a  scholarship  at  Trinity, 
to  which  he  was  admitted  in  the  following 
year.  He  could  not  have  been  Joseph 
Wiborne  who  went  up  to  Trinity  from  St. 
Paul's  in  1602.  It  would  be  interesting  to 
learn  the  parentage  of  these  two  Wybornes. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

ROBERT  BLAKE  (12  S.  v.  41). — Robert 
Blake,  the  eldest  son  of  Sir  Francis  Blake, 
Bart.,  died  Jan.  25,  1754,  aged  20,  and  was 
buried  in  the  North  Cloister  of  Westminster 
Abbey  Feb.  1  following.  He  was  admitted 
to  Westminster  School  in  1744,  and  matri- 


culated at  Oxford  from  Hertford,  Dec.  13, 
1751.  There  is  no  monument  to  him  in  the 
Abfcey  or  Cloisters,  so  far  as  I  am  aware. 
Strictly,  he  was  not  a  "  scholar  "  at  West- 
minster, as  he  was  never  on  the  foundation. 
Chester,  curiously  enough,  has  failed  to 
identify  him  in  his  invaluable  edition  of 
the  '  Westminster  Abbey  Registers.' 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

RAIN  AND  MOWING  (12  S.  v.  41).— The 
same  tradition  is  held  in  North  Devon,  but 
it  is  there  applied  to  reaping  corn  instead 
of  mowing  grass.  One  of  the  poems  of 
Edward  Capern,  the  postman  poet  of 
Bideford,  entitled  *  Jemmo's  Curse  '  ('  Way- 
side Warbles,'  p.  201),  is  based  upon  it, 
and  the  author  adds  the  following  note  :  — 

"  This  is  a  very  old  tradition,  which  is  as  fully 
believed  in  at  the  present  time  as  that  the  sun 
will  rise  at  his  appointed  hour  ;  I  have  often 
heard  the  inhabitants  of  Bideford  say,  when  they 
see  the  field  under  the  sickle,  '  We  are  certain  to 
have  rain  soon,  for  they  are  cutting  Jemmo'ar 
field.'  " 

R.  PEAKSE  CHOPE. 

High  up  on  the  eastern  side  of  what  is 
locally  called  the  Standard  Hill  in  the 
Nottinghamshire  wolds  there  is  a  four-  or 
five-acre  field  (it  is  in  the  parish  of  Hickling) 
to  which  the  same  belief  attaches.  The 
field  is  visible  for  many  miles,  and  the 
farmers  in  the  neighbourhood  used  in  my 
boyish  days  to  be  chary  of  cutting  their 
grass  when  it  was  seen  to  be  mown.  "It  is 
sure  to  rain,"  they  would  say :  "  Jack 
Craft  [Jack's  croft]  is  down."  C.  C.  B. 

HENSLOWE  AND  BEN  JONSON  (12  S. 
iv.  271).- — Ben  Jonson's  mother  married  as 
her  second  husband  a  "master  brick- 
layer "  during  the  poet's  childhood,  the 
family  settling  down  at  Hartshorn  Lane, 
Charing  Cross.  During  his  visit  to  Edin- 
burgh Jonson  told  Drummond  of  Haw- 
thornden  that  his  early  surroundings  were 
mean,  and  that  he  was  taken  from  school 
to  learn  the  trade  of  a  bricklayer  ;  but  as 
this  occupation  soon  proved  uncongenial  he 
made  his  escape  to  Flanders,  served  with 
the  English  troops  there,  and  slew  a  Spanish 
soldier  whom  he  challenged  to  single  combat. 

Jonson  chaiacterized  as  a  "  duel "  the 
deed  by  which  Gabriel  Spencer,  an  actor  of 
Alleyn's  company,  met  his  death  at  his 
lands.  This  occurred  on  Sept.  22,  1598. 
The  official  record  states  that  he  was 
arrested  on  a  charge  of  felony  and  confessed 
lis  guilt  (Middlesex  Session  Rolls  ;  see 
Athenceum,  March  6,  1886).  He  was  let  off 


82 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.    '  [12  8.  v.  MARCH,  1919. 


with  a  term  of  imprisonment  by  virtue  of 
benefit  of  clergy.  During  the  period  of  his 
incarceration  he  became  a  Catholic  "  on 
trust,"  but  recanted  some  years  later. 
'The  chief  injury  to  him  consequent  on  the 
incident  was  the  loss  of  his  post  of  play- 
wright to  the  Admiral's  company,  and  his 
transference  to  that  of  the  Lord  Chamber- 
lain. The  public,  however,  and  even  his 
avowed  enemies,  treated  the  matter  lightly. 
Sir  Sidney  Lee  considers  Henslowe's  letter 
on  the  occasion  "  interesting "  ;  on  the 
other  hand,  Prof.  Herford  sees  in  it  evidence 
of  the  writer's  "  illiterate  indignation." 
See  the  articles  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  on  Henslowe 
and  Jonson  by  Sir  Sidney  Lee  and  Prof. 
Herford  respectively.  N.  W.  HILL. 

CHRISTMAS  VERSES  AT  SHEFFIELD  (12  S. 
iv.  324  ;  v.  46). — It  is  curious  to  see  "  was- 
:  sail  "  turned  into  "  Wesley."  Some  variations 
which  I  remember  as  current  in  the  West 
Riding  of  Yorkshire  in  about  1865  may  be 
worth  recording  :  — 

A   little   purse    "  of   ratchin'   [stretching]  leather 
skin." 

And  here  we  come  a-wesselin' 

So  fair  as  to  be  seen. 

For  "  A  New  Year,"  "  Anywhere,"  explained 
•  as  "  Anywhere  we  like  to  go." 

Love  and  joy  come  to  you, 
And  to  you  our  wessel  too. 
Bring  out  the  butler  of  this  house, 

Put  on  his  golden  ring  ; 
Let  him  bring  us  a  glass  of  beer, 

And  better  we  shall  sing. 
And  a  good  fat  pig  to  kill  every  year. 
The  "  Wesselers  "  carried  three  dolls   in  'a 
box  to  represent  the  Blessed  Virgin,  and  the 
infants  Jesus  and  John  the  Baptist.     On  one 
occasion  at  least  there  was  a  black  doll  in 
addition,   called    "  Tichbung,"    and  said  to 
represent   "  Tichborne,"   the  Claimant  in  a 
once  famous  lawsuit. 

There  is  an  article   on   '  Representations 
of  the  Virgin  with  Two  Children  '   in   The 
Sacristy,  vol.  ii.  p.   150,  by  the  late  James 
Fowler,  F.S.A.,  of  Wakefield.         J.  T.  F. 
Winterton,  Lines. 

BYRONIC  STATUE  IN  FLEET  STREET  (12  S. 
v.  40). — I  can  find  no  reference  to  this 
somewhat  striking  figure  in  Muirhead's 
excellent  '  London  and  its  Environs,'  pub- 
lished last  year  by  Messrs.  Macmillan. 

Messrs.  Attenborough,  who  have  been  in 
business  at  193  Fleet  Street  since  1888, 
know  nothing,  I  believe,  about  the  statue,  or 
who  put  it  there. 

During  the  late  eighties  and  early  nineties 
•of  the  last  century  many  changes  were 


made  in  Fleet  Street.  Old  houses  (one  of 
them  Dray  ton's)  were  pulled  down  ;  new 
buildings  were  erected.  At  about  that 
period  Sir  John  George  Tollemache  Sinclair, 
Bt.,  an  ardent — almost  fanatical — admirer 
of  Byron,  affixed  at  Byron  House,  85  Fleet 
Street,  two  medallions  of  the  poet,  as  well  as 
a  number  of  mural  inscriptions  relating  to 
him  and  embodying  quotations  from  his 
works.  Sir  John  Sinclair  also  adorned 
Hood  House,  71  Fleet  Street,  with  'The 
Song  of  the  Shirt '  ;  Nelson  House,  53  Fleet 
Street,  with  inscriptions  referring  to  Nelson  ; 
and  Mary  Queen  of  Soots  House,  143-4  Fleet 
Street,  with  '  Queen  Mary's  Adieux  to 
France.' 

Did  Sir  John  Sinclair  put  up  the  statue 
of  Kaled  ?  I  merely  offer  this  as  a  sugges- 
tion. E.  G.  C. 

NAPOLEON  AND  LORD  JOHN  RUSSELL 
(12  S.  v.  12,  47).— The  particulars  given  by 
SIR  WILLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK  and  PRINCIPAL 
SALMON  respecting  Lord  John  Russell's 
visit  to  Napoleon  at  Elba  may  be  supple- 
mented by  the  account  which  Goldwin 
Smith  ('Reminiscences,'  1911,  pp.  24-5) 
heard  from  that  statesman  of  his  impressions 
of  the  fallen  tyrant :  — 

"  It  was  difficult  to  find  any  one  who  had  seen 
Napoleon.  I  made  that  remark  at  a  dinner- 
party, when  a  voice  near  me  said,  '  I  saw 
Napoleon.'  It  was  Lord  Russell,  who  had  paid 
Napoleon  a  visit  at  Elba,  accounts  of  which  are 
already  in  print.  I  asked  Lord  Russell  whether 
the  common  portraits  were  like.  He  said  they 
were.  I  asked  him  whether  there  was  not  in  the 
face  that  hard  look  of  selfish  ambition.  This  he 
had  not  noticed  ;  but  he  aaid,  and  repeated  with 
emphasis,  that  there  was  something  very  evil  in 
the  eye.  When  Lord  Russell  spoke  of  war, 
Napoleon's  eye  flashed,  showing,  what  was 
certainly  the  fact,  that  the  lust  of  war  was  with 
him  in  itself  a  ruling  passion.  It  is  difficult  to 
divine  what  else  could  have  led  him  to  invade 
Russia.  He  evidently  had  no  intention  of 
restoring  Poland.  He  was  immensely  fat,  Lord 
Russell  said,  and  this  might  account  for  his  fatal 
lack  of  activity  in  his  last  campaign." 

CHARLES  LLEWELYN  DAVIES. 
10  Lupus  Street,  Pimlico,  S.W.I. 

SMOKING  IN  ENGLAND  BEFORE  THE  IN- 
TRODUCTION OF  TOBACCO  (12  S.  iv.  331). — 
I  have  a  small  collection  of  "  fairy  pipes," 
some  with  the  remains  of  stems,  but  for  the 
most  part  without,  all  of  which  have  been 
picked  up  whilst  I  was  at  work  on  the 
land.  Most  of  them  are  quite  plain  ;  others 
have  a  small  incised  ornamentation  outside 
the  bowl,  a  quarter  of  an  inch  below  the 
edge  of  the  bowl ;  and  one  of  them  has  the 
word  "  Dublin  "  incised  on  it. 


12  s.  V.MARCH,  low.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


83 


All  the  herbs  mentioned  in  MR.  LUCAS'S 
•extract,  with  the  addition  of  coltsfoot, 
musk,  and  verbena,  were  in  use  to  some 
•extent  seventy  years  ago ;  and  I  have 
gathered  coltsfoot — both  flowers  and  leaves 
— for  my  father's  pipes  in  Derbyshire. 

THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

P ANTON  STREET  PUPPET  SHOW  :  FLOCKTON 
(12  S.  iv.  303). — This  exhibition  is  mentioned 
in  Forster's  '  Life  of  Goldsmith.'  Burke 
and  Goldsmith  witnessed  a  performance, 
and  Burke  was  much  struck  by  the  fashion 
of  one  of  the  puppets  "  tossing  a  pike  " 
with  military  precision.  Goldsmith  pooh- 
poohed  the  feat  :  he  vowed  he  could  do  it 
better  himself.  He  returned  to  supper 
with  Burke,  and  severely  hurt  his  shin  in 
exhibiting  his  dexterity  to  the  companv 
present.  ^GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

MATTHEW  ARNOLD  :  PROVING  A  NEGA- 
TIVE (12  S.  v.  38).— See  the  (later)  Preface 
to  *  Literature  and  Dogma '  (Smith  & 
Elder,  1891),  especially  the  last  paragraph  ; 
also  this  work  and  '  God  and  the  Bible ' 
passim.  S. 

[MR.  GEORGE  MARSHALL  thanked  for  reply.] 

EDMUND  CLERKE,  CLERK  OF  THE  PRIVY 
SEAL  (12  S.  v.  12).— According  to  the 
'  Victoria  History  of  Hampshire,'  vol.  iii. 
p.  307,  quoting  "  Chan.  Inq.  p.  m.  29  Eliz. 
no.  167,''  this  man  died  in  1586.  Cf.  also 
S.  P.  Dom.  Eliz.,  cciii.  46,  and  pedigrees  in 
Harl.  Soc.  PubL,  vol.  Ixiv.  pp.  188-9,  and 
Berry's  '  Hants  Genealogies,'  p.  315. 

JOHN  B.  WAINE  WRIGHT. 

AUTHORS  OP  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (12  S.  v.  42). 
— MB.  O'BRIEN'S  first  quotation  should  run  as 
follows  : — 

Exemplo  Datrum  commotus  amore  legend! 

Ivit  ad  Kibernos  sophia  mirabile  claros. 
The  lines  are  91,  92  of  a  poem  on  the  life  and 
family  of  Sulgenus  (Sulien  or  Sulgen),  Bishop  of 
•St.  Davids,  1073-8  and  1080-86,  by  his  son  leuan. 
The  piece  is  given  from  a  MS.  at  Corpus  Christi 
College,  Cambridge,  in  Appendix  D  to  vol.  i.  of 
Haddan  and  Stubbs's  '  Councils  and  Ecclesiastical 
Documents  relating  to  Great  Britain  and  Ireland.' 
'The  Corpus  MS.  is  one  of  St.  Augustine's  '  De 
Trinitate,'  Sulgen's  Life  being  written  on  fly- 
leaves at  the  end.  See  p.  667  in  Haddan  and 
Stubbs,  where  we  learn  that  "  a  few  lines  of  this 
poem  have  been  printed  by  Archbishop  Ussher 
('  Belig.  of  Anc.  Irish,'  c.  3,  end ;  and  '  Vett. 
Epistt.  Hibern.  Syll.,'  Pref.)  from  a  16th-century 
copy  then  in  the  Cotton  MSS.  And  from  the 
fragments  of  the  same  copy,  half  burned,  which 
are  now  in  the  British  Museum,  Bishop  Burgess 
printed  a  considerably  larger  portion  in  1812." 
The  Corpus  MS.,  which  contains  on  the  top  of  one 
page  a  Latin  invocation  to  St.  Paternus,  is  said  to 
have  been  probably  written  at  Llanba-darn  Fawr, 
•close  to  Aberystwyth.  f  ' 


2.  This  ought  apparently  to  read  thus  : — 

"  Confluxerunt  omni  parte  Europse  in  Hiber- 
niam  discendi  causa  tanquam  ad  mercaturam 
[possibly  mercatum]  bonarum  artium." 

The  author,  whoever  he  was,  clearly  had  in  his 
recollection  a  passage  in  Cicero  : — 

"  Suscepisti  onus  prseterea  grave  et  Athenarum 
et  Cratippi ;  ad  quos  cum  tamquam  ad  merca- 
turam bonarum  artium  sis  profectus,"  &c.  ('  De 
Officiis,'  iii.  2,  6). 

Cainden,  in  the  historical  account  of  Ireland  in 
his  '  Britannia,'  has  something  very  like  the 
"  Confluxerunt "  quotation,  and  immediately 

afterwards  introduces  the  lines  "Exemplo 

claros." 

3.  The  first  word,   "  Flocuerunt,"  should  evi- 
dently be  "  Floruerunt." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
University  College,  Aberystwyth. 


Jltrites  0tt  Utrohs, 

Characters  from  the  Histories  and  Memoirs  of  the 
Seventeenth  Centuri/.  With  an  Essay  on  the 
Character,  and  Historical  Notes,  by  David 
Nichol  Smith.  (Oxford,  Clarendon  Press, 
6s.  net.) 


Characters  collected  in  this  volume  are  not, 
like  the  Characters  of  Hall,  Overbury,  and  Earle, 
epigrammatic  studies  of  contemporary  social 
types  ;  they  are  what  we  should  now  term 
character-sketches  of  historical  personages.  Mr. 
Nichol  Smith  in  his  introductory  essay  draws,  or 
implies,  a  distinction  between  the  character 
proper,  the  portrait,  and  the  short  biography  :  a 
character  should  deal  with  "  central  facts  " 
rather  than  with  external  features,  and  should 
contain  only  a  small  admixture  of  biography. 
Clarendon,  whose  '  History  '  and  '  Life  '  provide 
more  than  half  the  contents  of  the  volume,  is 
held  up  as  the  model  character-writer.  The 
section  of  the  introduction  devoted  to  him  is  on 
the  whole  an  admirable  estimate  of  his  qualities 
as  an  historian,  though  a  comparison  of  his  fine 
portrait  of  Charles  I.  with  his  unsympathetic 
studies  of  Pym  and  Cromwell  suggests  the  reflec- 
tion that  he  gets  rather  more  praise  for  impar- 
tiality than  he  deserves.  Nevertheless,  with  a 
few  exceptions,  his  characters  are  undoubtedly  of 
a  higher  quality  than  those  of  his  competitors  in 
the  same  field,  showing  a  wider  range  of  compre- 
hension and  a  keener  eye  for  essentials.  Sir 
Philip  Warwick  and  Bishop  Burnet,  good  as  their 
work  often  is,  have  neither  his  insieht  nor  his 
grace  of  style. 

Among  the  best  of  the  pieces  extracted  from 
the  works  of  other  authors  are  Lucy  Hutchinson's 
memoir  of  her  husband  Col.  John  Hutchinson,  and 
(in  a  very  different  style)  Shaftesbury's  graphic 
portrait  of  his  Dorsetshire  neighbour  Henry 
Hastings,  who  "  bestowed  all  his  time  in  sports, 
but  what  he  borrowed  to  caress  his  neighbours' 
wives  and  daughters,  there  being  not  a  woman  in 
all  his  walks  of  the  degree  of  a  yeoman's  wife  or 
under,  and  under  the  age  of  forty,  but  it  was 
extremely  her  fault  if  he  were  not  intimately 
acquainted  with  her."  The  description  of  the 


84 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  MARCH,  1919. 


interior  of  this  gentleman's  house — the  hall  hung 
with  sporting  implements  and  the  skins  of 
animals  ;  the  pulpit  of  the  adjoining  chapel  used 
for  storing  chinas  of  beef,  gammons  of  bacon,  and 
pasties  of  venison  ;  the  parlour  full  of  hounds, 
spaniels,  terriers,  and  cats,  of  which  three  or  four 
attended  him  at  dinner,  "a  little  white  round 
stick  lying  by  his  trencher  that  he  might  defend 
such  meat  as  he  had  no  mind  to  part  with 
to  them  " — is  extraordinarily  vivi-i.  Another 
realistic  portrait  is  that  of  James  I.  by  Sir  Anthony 
Weldon,  from  '  The  Court  and  Character  of  King 
James.'  Here  will  be  found  the  familiar  allusion 
to  the  king  as  "  th^  wisest  fool  in  Christendom," 
quoted  as  the  saying  of  "  a  very  wise  man.' 
Although  Sir  Walter  Scott  ('  Fortunes  of  Nigel, 
chap,  v.)  attributes  the  epigram  to  Sully,  Mr. 
Nichol  Smith  informs  us  that  he  has  searched 
Sally's  '  Memoires  '  for  it  in  vain. 

The  editor  has  made  an  excellent  choice 
of  material,  and  the  notes — neither  too  con- 
cise nor  over  -  elaborate — give  just  the  kind  of 
information  that  the  average  reader  seems  likely 
to  require. 

Chats  on  Ttoifal  Copenhagen  Porcelain.  By 
Arthur  Hayden.  (Fisher  Unwin,  10s.  6d.  net.) 
MR.  HAYDEN  is  an  acknowledged  authority  on 
Copenhagen  porcelain,  having  published  a 
sumptuous  monograph  on  the  subject  in  1911. 
He  has  now  provided  a  more  popular  account  of 
this  attractive  ware,  beginning  with  the  romance 
connected  with  the  discovery  by  Bottger  of  the 
composition  of  true  porcelain,  and  thf1  establish- 
ment of  the  Danish  factory  by  King  Frederik  V. 
Copenhagen  porcelain  owed  its  rise  to  fame  to  the 
artistic  genius  and  indomitable  perseverance  of 
Frantz  Heinrich.  Miiller,  several  of  whose  beautiful 
productions  are  included  in  the  numerous  illus- 
trations. After  Muller's  retirement  in  1801  the 
prestige  of  the  Royal  Factory  declined,  to  revive, 
however,  in  the  later  part  of  the  nineteenth 
century.  Mr.  Hayden  supplies  facsimiles  of 
marks  and  biographical  notes  on  the  artists  em- 
ployed, and  closer,  his  volume  with  a  description 
of  the  ideal  conditions  under  which  the  work  is 
carried  on  to-day. 

The    Genealogist.     New    Series.     Vol.     XXXIV. 

(Bell  &  Sons,  12s.  net.) 
ONE  of  tte  ir.opt  important  contribution?  to  tMs 
volume  is  the  revised  '  Calendar  of  Lambeth  Wills  ' 
prepared  by  Mr.  J.  Challenor  Smith.  This 
gentleman  transcribed  in  August,  1874,  the  official 
index  to  the  wills  and  administrations  at  Lambeth, 
but  subsequent  study  of  the  documents  them- 
selves has  enabled  him  to  correct  various  in- 
accuracies, and  he  therefore  prints  his  revised 
version,  the  three  instalments  supplied  extending 
from  Abergavenny  to  Lyster.  The  results  o" 
similarly  laborious  work  appear  in  Mr.  E.  A 
Fry's  '  Index  to  Marriages  from  The  Gentleman1 1 
Magazine,'  covering  those  between  January,  1731 
and  June,  1738,  and  containing  many  piquanl 
personal  details.  Canon  Nevill  and  Mr.  Reginalc 
Boucher  continue  their  transcript  of  '  Marriage 
Licences  of  Salisbury  '  from  January,  1670,  tc 
October,  1672.  Among  the  genealogical  articles 
that  of  Mr.  G.  W.  Watson  on  '  Fitz  Piers  and  Dt 
Say  '  deserves  special  mention  as  throwing  new 
light  from  charters  on  some  celebrated  feuda 
amilies. 


The  Oxford  Almanack  for  the.  Year  of  our  Lord 
•Hod  MDCCCCXIX.  is  published  by  Mr.  Milford,  and 
s  a  comely  sheet  preferable  to  many  a  garish 

modern  picture.  At  the  side  of  the  main  record  of 
ates  and  events  we  find  a  neat  list  of  the  Uni  ver- 
ity officers,  and  another  of  Heads  of  the  Colleges. 

At  the  top  is  an  attractive  view  of  the  Cornmarket 
bout  1840,  reproduced  from  a  drawing  by  William 
"urner.  This  artist  had  some  fame  in  his  day,  and 

was  known,  we  believe,  as  "  the  Oxford  Turner," 
o  distinguish  him  from  the  master  who  at  that 
ime  had  not  been  introduced  to  the  public  by 
luskin. 


THE  RIGHT  HON.  G.  W.  E.  RUSSELL. 
BY  the  death  of   Mr.  George  William  Erskine 

Russell,  which  occurred  on  St.  Patrick's  Day,  the 
amiliar  initials  G.  W.  E.  R.  will  cease  to  appear 
n  the  pages  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  He  was  politically  a 

great  admirer  of  Gladstone,  and,  like  him,  a 
levoted  member  of  the  Church  of  England.  He 
iad  known  many  distinguished  people,  possessed 

a  large  fund  of  anecdotes,  was  a  good  talker  and 
peaker,  and  wrote  easily  and  well.  For  a  number 
f  years  he  contributed  gossipy  articles  to  The 

Manchester   Guardian,   many   of   these  being  re- 
)rinted  in  book-form.     He  also  published  several 
•eligious  biographies,  the  latest  being  that  of  Lady 
ictoria  Buxton. 


to  OUmspnntonts, 


REV.  A.  B.  MILNER.  —  Forwarded. 

S.    STANSBY.  —  You    have    not    sent    address. 
Please  do  so. 

J.    R.    H.  —  If   you   address   a   letter   c/o   the 
Editor,  it  will  be  forwarded. 

W.  BARN  ABB  (Epictetus).  —  Received  too  late 
to  be  acknowledged  last  month. 

C.   G.   (Army  Slang).—  Largely  anticipated  by 
correspondents  nearer  home.     See  12  S.  iv.  333. 

J.   LANDFEAR   LUCAS    (Waldseemuller).  —  '  The 
Ency.  Brit.,'  llth  ed.,  states  in  the  article  '  Map 
that  Martin  Waldseemuller  was  born  at  Radolf  zell 
in  Baden  in  1470,  and  died  in  1521. 

J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS.—  The  lines, 
What  rage  for  fame  attends  both  great  and  small  ! 
Better  be  damned  than  mentioned  not  at  all, 
are  by  Peter  Pindar,  '  To  the  Royal  Academicians.' 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS,  Carnarvon.—  1.  The  'Diet. 
Nat.  Biog.'  devotes  a  column  to  John  Thomas,  the 
sculptor.  He  was  born  at  Chalford,  Gloucester- 
shire, in  1813.—  2.  The  Dictionary  also  supplies  an 
interesting  account  of  Thomas  Evans,  the  editor 
and  publisher  of  '  Old  Ballads,  Historical  and 
Narrative,'  1784. 

ST.  SWITHIN  ("Dich,"  *  Timon  of  Athens,'  I.  n. 
70)._The  '  N.  E.  D.'  says,  s.v.  :  "  A  corrupt  or 
erroneous  word,  having  apparently  the  sense 
do  it."  As  another  instance  of  the  word  the 
Dictionary  quotes  from  R.  Johnson's  *  Kingdom 
and  Commonwealth,'  1630  :  "  So  mich  God  dich 
you  with  your  sustenanceless  sauce,"  and  compares 
this  with  Udall's  translation  of  Erasmus  s  '  Apoph., 
c<  Biddyng  much  good  do  it  him." 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


85 


LONDON,  APRIL,  1919 


CONTENTS.  —No.  91. 

NOTES  :-OM  Dance  Tunes  in  Salisbury  Cathedral  Library, 
85 — '  Double  Falsehood ' :  Shakespeare,  Fletcher,  and 
Theobald,  86  — Cornish  Biographers,  88  — Statues  and 
Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  89— Thomas  Wakefield, 
Hebraist,  91— "  Vestis  adriatica"— Chess :  the  Knight's 
Tour,  92— "  Thwertnic"  or  "  Thiertnie."  Old  Cheshire 
Custom  —  Heavitree,  co.  Devon,  1553-1653  —  "  Hand- 
writing "  as  a  Surname—"  Pro  pelle  cutem,"  93. 

QUERIES:— Richard  Stockton  — 'Survev  of  Walden'  — 
French  National  Emblem,  the  Cock — George  Washing- 
ton's Wealth  — "Si  quis  forte  rogat"  — Edna  Lyall— 
William  Turner.  M.F.,  94— Richard  Burton— Grim  or 
Grime— Devey  Family — George  Borrow  :  Lieut.  Parry — 

'  The  Swin— Boase  Brothers— Queen  Anne's  Veto— Hervey 
or  Hervit,  95— Raleigh  nnd  Queen  Elizabeth  at  Sandgate 
— Fifteenth  -  Century  Seal  —  Aldelima  —  Cornish  and 
Devonian  Priests  executed — Lowther— Mackworth,  96— 
Cartwnght  Family— Gilt  Wand  — Parkinson  Family  — 
"Derby  Blues"— Prince  Charles  Edward  Stuart— Wad  - 
dingham  Family— Brooke  Robinson — "  Rough  "  as  House- 
name,  97— William  Nicholson— Proctor  Family— Brown 
Family — Alnbaculia,  Name  of  a  Racehorse  —  "Wilder- 
ing  "  :  "  Wilding"— Clifton  Family— Missel  Thrush-Bird- 
scaring  Songs— "Drink  by  word  of  mouth" — Odessa  in 
Roman  Times — Author  of  Quotation  Wanted,  98. 

REPLIES  :— Stags  and  Eglantine.  99— Henry  I. :  Gloucester 
Charter,  101 — Samuel  Johnson  and  Ben  Jonson — La  Cour 
on  Windmill  Power  —  Toad-Juice,  103— "Stateroom "— 
Back-Magazine  Dealers— Anthony  Todd — Deacon  in  Love 
—Edward  Hyde,  104-' N.E.D.' :  Changes  in  Accentuation 
—Hedgehogs— ' Irrelagh  ;  or.  The  Last  of  the  Chiefs'— 
Vauvenargues  —  Pre-Raphaelite  Stained  Glass,  105 — 
Abanazar— Oath  of  Fealty  :  Kdward  III. — Burial  at  Sea 
— Rain  and  Mowing— Kent,  Family,  106— London-Paris 
Airship — Byronic  Statue  in  Fleet  Street — Bishops  of 
the  Fifteenth  Century,  107— "Rain  Cats  and  Dogs"— 
St.  Helena  'Life  of  Marlborough '— "Camouflage"— 'The 
Poor  Thresher,' Song  attributed  to  Burns — "Nablette": 
"Bontefeu,"  108— Andrew  B.  Wright,  Local  Historian 
and  Actor — Hampshire  Church  Bells  and  {their  Founders 
— Finkle  Street— Bell  and  Shoulder  Inn,  109— Christmas 
Verses  at  Sheffield— St.  Clement  as  Patron  Saint— Sir 
Thomas  Browne  :  Tom  Brown,  110. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— 'Indexes  to  Irish  Wills ' :  Dromore, 
Newry,  and  Mourne — 'The  Beasts,  Birds,  and  Bees  of 
Virgil '— '  Virgil  and  Isaiah  :  a  Study  of  the  "  Pollio."  ' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 
OBITUARY  .-—John  Thomas  Page. 
Notices  to  Correspondents. 


JJflfcS. 

OLD  DANCE  TUNES  IN 
SALISBURY  CATHEDRAL  LIBRARY. 

IN  our  Cathedral  Library  at  Salisbury  is  a 
copy  of  the  '  Catholicon  '  of  John  of  Genoa 
printed  in  folio  in  1497,  rebacked,  but 
retaining  its  original  boards  and  stamped 
leather  sides,  and  its  end-papers  of  Caxton's 
waste  (which  Dr.  F.  Jenkinson  identifies  a 
two  leaves  of  Gower's  '  Confessio  Amantis, 
fo.  xl°  and  fo.  xlvij0,  printed  Sept.  2,  1483 
at  Westminster). 


The  leaf  of  blank  paper  at  the  beginning 
of  the  lexicon  as  well  as  its  fair  title-page, 
rearing  the  simple  name  '  Catholicon  ' 
printed  on  it  in  February,  1497,  were 
destined  in  process  of  time  to  be  written  and 
cribbled  all  over  their  surface  by  three  or 
more  penmen  in  the  sixteenth  century. 

1.  One  of  these  has  written  the  moralizing 
reflections  :  — 

Superflua  querere  '.     Est  vilis  Cupiditatis., 
Necessaria  querere  '.     Est  Infirmitatis. 
Omnia  relinquere  '.  est  Perfeccionis. 
These  are  written  in  a  formal  hand  at  the 
op  of  the  (verso)  page  which  faces  the  title- 
page. 

2.  Below  this  a  clerk,  writing  a  smaller 
and    freer    script,    has    written    the    Latin 
:ormula  of  some  deed  of  arbitration,  with 
nitials  A.,  B.,  C.,  D.,  adopted,  instead  of 
names,   as   a  guide  for  future   use.     Other 
pages  in  the  book  show  like  signs  of  its  having 
served  as  a  formulary  of  precedents  for  the 
Chapter  Clerk  or  some  other  legal  personage. 

3.  The   lower   portion   of   the   page   was 
utilized  for  noting  down  five  dance  tunes — 
two  of  them  with  English  names,  the  three 
others    with    French    names    as    they    were 
apprehended  by  an  English  ear  in  the  six- 
beenth  century.     I  will  transcribe  these  tunes 
in  hope  that  they  may  have  some  interest 
for  those  who  have  a  knowledge  of  music, 
and  who  may  perhaps  be  able  to  throw  some 
light  upon  the  system  of  notation,  or  upon 
the    date    and    history    of    these    tunes    of 
Elizabethan    or    even    earlier    date.     Miss 
Townsend  Warner  assures  me  that  these  five 
tunes,   as   well   as   the   eighteen   like   items 
which  occupy  the  recto  side  of  the  same  fly- 
leaf, in  all  probability  denoted  an  instru- 
mental part  to  a  set  of  chansons  a  danser. 
So  far  as  I  am  aware,  the  precise  instrument 
for  which  they  were  here  written  has  not 
been  easy  to  identify. 

4.  A  later  Tudor  hand,  regardless  of  what 
had    beeii    written    by  the    three    previous 
scribes,  has  covered  four-fifths  of  the  surface 
of  the  page  (including  two  of  the  tunes  here 
deciphered)  with  about  forty  lines  in  English. 
I  am  not  sure  that  this  later  writing  may  not 
be  the  hand  of  Bishop  Edmond  Guest,  who 
in   1577  bequeathed  all  his  books   "  to  the 
Library  of  the  Cathedral  Church  of  Sar.  now 
decayed. .  .  .to    advance    and    further    the 
Estate  and  Dignity  of  the  same  my  Church 
and  See." 

The  five  tunes  upon  the  page  in  question 
are  the  last  of  the  set  which  begins  upon  the 
other  side  of  that  page,  so  I  number  them 
accordingly. 


86 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  APRIL,  1919. 


[22.]  Feles  a  marye. 

•7  b.  ss.  ddd.  rrrb.  ss.d.  ss.rrr.  b.ss.ddd. 
rrr.  b.  ss.  d.  rrr.  b. — 

[23.]  Filis  a  marer. 
b'b'.     ss.  ddd.  rrrb.  [and  so  on,  as  above], 

[24.]  Petyrson. 

bb.  ss.  ddddd.  ss.  rrrb.  ss.  ddd.  ss.  rrrb. 
ss.  d.  ss.  rrrb.  ss.  ddddd.  ss.  rrrb. — 

[25.]  Joyvs  asspor. 

dd.     ss.  ddddd.  rrr  b.  ss.  dd.  rr.  b'. — 
[26.]  The  Kyngis  basse  Dauucc. 

bb.  ss.  ddddd.  ss.  rrr  b'b'.  ss.  d.  rrrb.  ss- 
d.  rb.— 

Robert  Peterson  was  a  member  of  Lin- 
coln's Inn  who^e  translations  from  the 
Italian  were  printed  in  1576  and  1606. 
Whether  no.  24,  the  third  tune  in  this  page, 
owed  its  name  or  its  authorship  to  him  I  do 
not  know. 

The  tune  (22)  called  '  Feles  a  marye,'  or 
(23)  *  Filis  a  marer,'  occurs  likewise  twice  on 
the  preceding  page,  the  notation  being  there 
the  same,  except  that  a  different  clef  is 
prefixed — "ff"  in  the  place  of  "  1  b  "  or 
"b'bV  The  name  is  there  differently  (or, 
so  far  a^  the  French  goes,  indifferently)  spelt 
(no.  1)  'Feleys  a  marye,'  and  (no.  5)  '  Feles 
A  marer.'  Miss  Warner  suggests  that  the 
original  name  was  '  Filles  o  marier,'  and  that 
it  may  have  been  once  upon  a  time  a  tune 
as  familiar  and  as  popular  as  '  Come,  Lasses 
and  Lads.' 

The  names  of  the  remaining  tunes,  as 
written  on  the  recto  page,  are  these  : — 

2.  Feteron. 

3.  le  Fraunces. 

4.  Amors. 

6.  la  bell'. 

7.  la  a  Jenyon. 

8.  la  Dame. 

9.  la  brandon. 

10.  la  Gylderos. 

11.  la  (^p)rinces. 

12  (and    15).     la     basse     dance     de    Spayfi. 
[Key  of  it  (and  bb).] 

13  (and  14).  la  havtte  de  bourgoiie.     [Key  of  ft 
(and  b'b'  crossed).] 

16.  la  basse  daunce  de  Venise. 

17.  la  basse  daunce  de  gent  Beneir. 

18.  Nenemi. 

19.  mo  maters. 

20.  To  been  paria. 

21.  la  basse  daunce  hautce  la  ba. 

Every  one  of  the  tunes  begins  with  the 
letter  d  (immediately  preceded  by  a  clef, 
viz.,  either  ff,  or  66,  or  6'6',  or  6,  or,  in  the 
single  instance  of  '  Joyvs  asspor,'  dd  ;  and 
the  ss  or  bar),  the  initial  d  occurring  singly 
in  the  opening  of  '  La  Belle  '  ;  but  it  is  thrice 
or  five  times  repeated  at  the  beginning  of 
the  other  tunes.  All  of  them  conclude  upon 


6,  or  6'  (crossed).  The  only  other  note  which 
occurs — besides  d  and  6 — is  r,  which  is  some- 
times repeated  twice  consecutively,  some- 
times thrice  ;  or  occasionally,  as  in  the  tune 
called  '  La  Dame,'  a  single  r  occurs  between 
d  and  6. 

La  Dame, 
ft.  ss.  ddd  rrr.  b.  ss.  drb.  ss.  dddrb — 

La  basse  Daunce  de  Venise. 
bb.     ss.    ddd    ss.    rd.r.b'.   ss.    d.    ss.  rrr.  b'b'. 
ss.  ddd.  rdrb'.  ss.  d.rrrb'b'.  ss.  ddddd.  ss.  rd.r.b. 
ss.  ddd.  ss.  rrr  bb.d.rb'. 

CHR.  WORDSWORTH. 
St.  Nicholas',  Salisbury. 


'  DOUBLE  FALSEHOOD  '  : 

SHAKESPEARE,  FLETCHER,  AND 

THEOBALD. 

(See  ante,  pp.  30,  60.) 

I  HAVE  not  endeavoured  to  work  out  the 
percentages  of  end-stopt  lines  or  of  feminine 
endings  or  of  any  other  of  the  special 
metrical  characteristics  of  Fletcher  in  those 
fragments  of  scenes  where  his  work  appears 
not  to  have  been  interfered  with,  because 
they  are  somewhat  too  brief  to  afford  us 
any  certain  footing  ;  but  his  tricks  of  repeti- 
tion and  of  sentence-building  and  his 
phraseology  all  find  place  here,  and  the 
habit  of  thought  is  his.  The  characteriza- 
tion is  so  badly  blurred  that  it  is  difficult 
to  draw  any  conclusion  from  it ;  but,  as 
Mr.  Bradford  remarks,  the  two  old  men, 
who  are  barely  mentioned  in  the  Cervantes 
story,  are  "  exactly  the  types  of  garrulous, 
waspish,  fretful,  pompous  old  men  "  dear  to 
Fletcher.  For  other  matters,  Mr.  Bradford 
points  out  quite  justly  that  betrayal  of 
friendship  forms  the  subject  of  'Double 
Falsehood  '  as  of  '  Two  Noble  Kinsmen  '  ; 
that  as  the  lovelorn  gaoler's  daughter  in  the 
one  is  overtaken  by  madness,  so  is  the 
wronged  Julio  in  the  other ;  that  the 
conduct  of  the  story  is  on  the  lines  of  the 
Beaumont  and  Fletcher  romantic  dramas  as 
well  as  on  those  of  the  later  Shakespearian 
drama ;  that  Fletcher  was  very  fond  of 
going  to  Cervantes  for  his  plots  ;  that  here, 
as  in  '  Pericles,'  '  Winter's  Tale,'  '  The 
Tempest,'  and  *  Cymbeline,'  "  an  important 
element  of  the  denouement  is  the  common 
romantic  theme  of  the  restoration  of  lost 
children  to  their  parents  "  ;  that  the  piling 
up  of  climax  on  climax  in  the  closing  scene 
is  similar  to  the  nature  and  conduct  of  the 


12  S.  V.  APRIT-,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


87 


final  scene  in  '  Cymbeline,'  and  that  it  is 
accomplished  by  an  entire  departure  from 
the  original  story  in  '  Don  Quixote  '  ;  and 
we  also  have  the  interesting  fact  that,  as  in 
*  Henry  VIII.'  and  '  Two  Noble  Kinsmen,' 
Fletcher  had  nothing  to  do  with  the  opening 
scenes. 

I  may  say  that  I  am  in  places  reminded 
of  Beaumont  (in  II.  ii.,  III.  iii.,  and  V.  ii.), 
but  not  so  strongly  as  to  warrant  me  in 
supposing  him  to  have  been  concerned  in 
the  work.  I  may  mention  further  that  the 
name  Violante  occurs  in  Beaumont's 
•'  Triumph  of  Love,'  and  that  a  Gerrard  is 
one  of  the  characters  in  '  Beggars'  Bush,'  of 
the  original  version  of  which  I  have  else- 
where shown  reason  to  believe  that  Beaumont 
was  part  author  :  in  this  play  we  have  a 
Gerald  introduced,  and  the  Dorothea  of  the 
'Cervantes  story  becomes  Violante.  So,  too, 
Cardenio  becomes  Julio  ;  Luscinda,  Leonora ; 
Ricardo,  Angelo ;  and  Fernando  (or  Fer- 
dinando),  Henriquez. 

I  feel  that  I  must  refer  here  to  an  article 
by  another  American,  Prof.  Rudolph  Sche- 
-vill,  in  Modern  Philology,  in  which  he  has 
•sougjit  to  prove  that  Theobald  took  the 
story  from  a  collection  of  novels  published 
nearly  two  years  later  than  the  play,  though 
I  fail  to  see  that  he  has  made  out  any  case. 
The  one  argument  he  adduces  that  seems  to 
«all  for  reply  is  that  in  which  he  urges  that 
the  names  of  the  characters  in  the  play  must 
have  been  conceived  in  its  original  construc- 
tion, inasmuch  as  "it  seems  incredible  that 
Theobald  should  have  rewritten  a  play  in 
verse  to  the  extent  of  putting  '  Julio  '  for 
•'  Cardenio,'  and  the  like,  in  every  verse  in 
which  one  of  the  many  names  occurs."  He 
thinks  there  can  have  been  no  reason  for 
changing  the  names,  but  the  fact  remains 
'.that  the  names  have  been  changed,  and  the 
only  question  is  whether  the  change  was 
made  by  the  original  author  or  authors  or  by 
the  reviser  and  editor.  There  is  no  definite 
.evidence  one  way  or  the  other  ;  but  it  is  to 
be  noted  that  where  Fletcher's  work  has  not 
been  hacked  about  the  names  "  Cardenio  " 
and  "  Luscinda  "  can  be  substituted  without 
detriment  to  the  verse  for  "  Julio "  and 
"Leonora"  (in  III.  iii.  and  IV.  ii.).  In 
•other  places  "  Cardenio  "  cannot  be  substi- 
tuted for  "  Julio,"  and  only  once  (in  V.  ii.) 
can  "  Luscinda  "  replace  "  Leonora." 

If  we  refuse  to  regard  the  play  as  origin- 
.ally  Elizabethan  and  look  on  it  as  a  shame- 
less forgery  by  Theobald,  we  are  driven  to 
consider  that,  though  he  knew  nothing  of 
,a,ny  supposition  of  a  collaboration  of  Shake- 
.speare  and  Fletcher  in  a  play  on  the  subject, 


he  yet  about  midway  through  the  play 
abruptly  changed  his  style  and  adopted  what 
is  at  least  a  remarkably  good  imitation  of 
the  Fletcherian  manner.  Had  he  suspected 
such  collaboration,  he  might  possibly  have 
done  so ;  but  in  the  circumstances  the 
demand  made  upon  us  for  an  acceptance  of 
the  theory  of  mere  coincidence  is  altogether 
too  much.  The  weakness  of  Sir  Sidney 
Lee's  supposition  that  "  Theobald  doubtless 
took  advantage  of  a  tradition  that  Shake- 
speare and  Fletcher  had  combined  to 
dramatize  the  Cervantes  theme "  is  that 
there  is  no  proof  of  such  a  tradition — that, 
in  fact,  there  is  the  strongest  reason  for 
saying  that  Theobald  had  never  heard  the 
slightest  hint  of  it.  The  play  must  there- 
fore, I  think,  be  regarded  as  genuinely  based 
on  an  Elizabethan  drama  and  as  containing 
passages  that  were  contained  in  the  original, 
and  the  early  author  of  the  latter  portion  of 
it  must  on  internal  evidence  be  set  down  as 
Fletcher. 

But,  if  so  much  be  granted,  we  are  faced 
with  the  possibility  that  Fletcher's  colla- 
borator, the  original  author  of  the  earlier 
part  of  the  play,  was  Shakespeare.  Here 
two  great  stumbling-blocks  stand  in  the 
way  of  the  inquirer.  The  one  is  that  dis- 
inclination (to  which  I  have  already  referred) 
to  see  Shakespeare's  work  in  anything  outside 
of  the  recognized  canon  ;  and  the  other  is 
the  fact  that  the  work  of  this  writer  has  been 
overwritten  to  a  very  much  greater  extent 
than  has  Fletcher's.  Why  is  this  the  case  ? 
Mr.  Bradford's  argument  is  sound  when  he 
says : — 

"  The  fact  that  Theobald's  revision  is  much 
less  evident  in  Fletcher's  part  of  the  play  than  in 
the  other  would  be  easily  accounted  for  if  he  had 
in  the  one  case  to  deal  with  the  rugged,  vigorous, 
difficult  thought  of  Shakespeare's  later  period,  in 
the  other  with  Fletcher's  fluent  theatrical  rhetoric, 
and  if  we  remember  that  the  revision  was  intended 
for  the  stage." 

And  let  me  finally,  quoting  Mr.  Bradford's 
reply  to  a  supposed  contention  that  not  even 
the  greatest  "  labour  and  pains "  of  a 
Theobald  could  have  obliterated  Shake- 
speare so  successfully,  remark  on 
"  the  extraordinary  habits  of  rev*sers  generally 
which  could  make  even  so  true  a  poet  and  so 
genuine  a  Shakespearian  as  D'avenant  write, 
apparently  with  the  idea  that  he  was  improving 
his  model — 

Duncan  is  dead. 

He  after  Life's  short  fever  now  sleeps  well. 
Treason  has  done  its  worst ;   nor  steel,  nor  poison 
Nor  foreign  force,  nor  yet  domestic  malice 
Can  touch  him  further." 

There  is,  however,  no  need  for  British 
and  probably  no  need  for  American,  students 


88 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         12  s.  v.  APRIL,  1919. 


of  Shakespeare  to  turn  to  D'avenant  for  an 
example  of  what  revisers  are  capable  of. 
Theobald  himself  revised  Shakespeare's 
'  Richard  II.'  and  Webster's  *  Duchess  of 
Malfi.'  His  version  of  neither  of  these  plays 
is  available  to  me,  but  those  within  reach  of 
the  British  Museum  are  in  a  more  favourable 
position  to  test  by  them  Theobald's  methods 
and  merits  as  a  reviser.  At  the  same  time,  I 
may  point  out  that  Theobald's  work  on 
neither  of  these  well-known  and  successful 
plays  was  likely  to  be  one  quarter  so  thorough 
as  on  a  play  which  was  absolutely  unknown 
and  which  he  believed  never  to  have  been 
staged. 

In  conclusion,  lest  any  one  should  so 
misrepresent  me  as  to  assert  that  I  ascribe 
the  play  partly  to  Shakespeare  on  the 
strength  of  a  few  lines  bearing  some  resem- 
blance to  his  style,  let  mo  say  that  I  am  not 
guilty  of  such  folly.  One  can  consider 
internal  evidence  as  of  value  only  when  it  is 
not  contradicted  by  the  external,  or  when, 
in  the  case  of  such  contradiction,  there  is 
reason  to  doubt  the  latter' s  genuineness. 
Here  the  evidence  of  style  is  altogether  too 
slight  to  afford  any  firm  standing  so  far  as 
Shakespeare  is  concerned.  The  presence  of 
Fletcher  is,  however,  much  clearer,  and 
might  almost  be  sufficient  in  any  case  to 
warrant  the  attribution  of  part  of  the  play 
to  him.  The  external  evidence  confirms  this 
view,  and  may  be  held  to  establish  a  sound 
case  for  Fletcher ;  and,  as  this  evidence 
makes  Shakespeare  Fletcher's  collaborator, 
it  lends  probability  to  the  supposition  that 
the  other  original  writer  whose  work  is  still 
visible  is  our  great  master-dramatist.  In 
view  then  of  his  participation  in  the  original 
play,  every  line  that  bears  the  impress  of  his 
genius  or  the  marks  of  his  style  may  not 
unreasonably  be  set  down  as  his  ;  and  there 
are  a  few — though  unfortunately  only  a 
very  few— such  lines  left. 

E.  H.  C.  OLIPHANT. 
Melbourne. 


CORNISH    BIOGRAPHERS. 

IT  is  difficult  to  estimate  the  great  services 
to  biography  and  bibliography  rendered  by 
three  Cornishmen  and  Londoners:  George 
Clement  Boase,  Frederic  Boase,  and  William 
Prideaux  Courtney.  Each  of  them  devoted 
a  large  portion  of  his  life  and  means  to 
the  great  work  he  had  undertaken. 

I  became   acquainted  with  them  in  the 
following  manner.     On   the   publication   of 


my  *  Handbook  of  Fictitious  Names '  in 
1868,  a  copy  was  placed  on  the  reference 
shelves  of  the  Reading-Room  at  the  British 
Museum.  This  place,  I  should  like  to 
observe,  it  kept  until  lately,  when  it  was 
turned  out — I  presume  because  it  was  too 
dirty  to  remain,  as  no  other  works  have  yet 
made  it  quite  useless.  When  I  was  first  a 
reader  at  the  Museum  I  was  greatly  in- 
terested in  a  little  French  book  (the  earliest 
on  the  subject)  by  Adrien  Baillet,  which  for 
years  stood  on  the  top  of  the  same  "  press  " 
as  mine  ;  but  the  '  Handbook  '  was  on  a- 
level  with  the  eye.  Baillet,  with  hundreds 
of  others,  was  removed  into  the  General 
Library  some  years  ago. 

Courtney  saw  the  '  Handbook,'  and  took 
an  opportunity  of  introducing  himself  to- 
me in  the  Reading-Room.  He  introduced 
me  to  the  Boases,  and  but  for  that,  I 
feel  certain,  I  should  never  have  known 
them,  as  they  were  so  excessively  modest 
and  reticent,  and  kept  so  much  to- 
themselves,  always  being  at  work  .from 
morning  till  night.  They  were  all  three 
frequently  guests  at  my  house,  and  so 
were  to  the  end. 

From  1868  to  their  respective  deaths  I 
more  or  less  assisted  them.  Courtney 
required  no  assistance  from  me  in  com- 
position, for  in  that  he  was  facile  princeps  ; 
but  I  read  the  proof-sheets  of  his  '  Biblio- 
theca  Cornubiensis,'  and  I  am  still  asked  to- 
do  this  for  *  Modern  English  Biography.' 
The  second  volume  of  Courtney's  work  I 
reviewed  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  on  Feb.  9,  1878 
(5  S.  ix.  pp.  118-9)  ;  curiously,  a  biographical 
notice  of  Cruikshank  by  H.  S.  Ashbee  also 
occurs  on  the  latter  page,  and  H.  F.  Turle 
was  then  editor,  «,!!  three  being  my  personal 
friends.  Turle's  early  death  (from  smallpox) 
is  commemorated,  on  the  tablet  to  his  father, 
on  the  North  Cloister  wall  of  Westminster 
Abbey. 

There  are  notices  of  Charles  Wm.  (of 
Exeter  College)  and  George  Boase  in  '  Modern 
English  Biography,'  vol.  iv.  We  always 
called  the  latter  "Mr."  George,  as  he  was 
not  only  older  than  we  were,  but  looked  still 
older  from  his  white  hair.  In  the  preface 
to  'M.E.B.,'  vol.  i.,  1892,  p.  5,  F.  Boase 
expresses  his  thanks  to  his  brothers  and 
W.  P.  Courtney,  and  also  to  R.  Bissell 
Prosser  of  the  Patent  Office  and  to  me  "  for 
information  about  inventors  and  other 
persons."  This  has  always  struck  me  as 
being  rather  obscurely  expressed.  I,  of 
course,  am  only  represented  by  the  "  other 
persons,"  for  at  that  time  Boase  was,  I 
fancy,  much  more  indebted  to  Prosser,  who- 


S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


89 


was  in  the  Patent  Office,  than  to  me.  Since 
then,  however,  I  have  not  only  read  proof- 
sheets  for  many  years,  but  made  searches  for 
births,  marriages,  deaths,  and  wills  at  the 
official  repositories  at  Somerset  House — in 
many  caies  without  success,  which  is  rather 
astonishing,  as  they  all  relate  to  persons  who 
have  died  since  1850.  There  are  numbers  of 
deaths  of  which  the  registration  cannot,  for 
various  reasons,  be  traced.  One  instance  I 
recollect  wa3  that  of  a  person  named  Yonge, 
particulars  of  whose  death  could  not  be 
found.  There  was  no  doubt  about  the  death 
having  been  registered  :  eventually  it  was 
found  under  Jonge.  The  case  of  Anne 
Humby  the  actress  was  one  that  troubled 
Fred  Boaie  greatly.  I  mentioned  it  in 
4  N.  &  Q.'  in  1893  (8  S.  iv.  62),  and  have  since 
heard  that  she  married  again,  and  was  buried 
under  the  name  of  her  second  husband, 
whatever  that  was. 

Another  curious  thing  is  that  at  the  end 
<of  each  volume  of  the  Somerset  House 
registers  are  entries  of  thousands  of  persons, 
from  infants  upwards,  who  are  unidentified, 
except  as  "  dead  body  found,"  male  or 
female. 

When  in  '  Modern  English  Biography ' 
the  reader  comes  across  "Death  not 
registered,"  that  means  I  had  a  long  search 
without  result.  This  book  is  of  "  persons 
who  have  died  during  the  years  1851-1900," 
and  who  did  anything  wise,  foolish,  or 
notorious.  The  first  volume  was  issued  in 
1892,  and  I  contributed  some  comments  on 
it  at  8  S.  i.  487  (1892),  and  iv.  62  (1893). 
At  8  S.  xii.  301  (Oct.  16,  1897)  MB.  W.  P. 
COURTNEY  contributed  a  long  account  of 
George  Clement  Boase,  whose  death  had 
occurred  on  the  1st  of  that  month. 

Frederic  Boase  was  brought  up  to  the  law, 
but  he  never  took  to  it.  He  passed  his 
examinations,  and  was  admitted  a  solicitor 
on  Jan.  31,  1867,  and  nominally  practised 
at  Exmouth.  I  presume  that  was  the  year 
he  came  to  London,  but  he  took  out  no  other 
certificate  to  practise. 

One  day  in  1877  I  heard  of  the  retirement 
of  the  Librarian  of  the  Law  Society  :  he  died 
in  retirement  in  his  ninety-first  year.  I  at 
once  posted  off  to  Boase,  and  told  him  it 
was  a  position  for  which  he  was  just  suited. 
He  applied,  and  in  due  course  was  appointed. 
He  retired  in  1903,  when,  as  usual,  he  was 
granted  a  pension.  He  had  already  come 
into  money  on  his  father's  death  in  Septem- 
ber, 1896,  and  inherited  more  in  October, 
.1897,  on  the  death  of  his  brother  George. 

RALPH  THOMAS. 


STATUES    AND    MEMORIALS    IN   THE 
BRITISH  ISLES. 

(See  10  S.  xi.,  xii.;  11  S.  i.-xii.  passim; 
12  S.  i:  65,  243,  406  ;  ii.  45,  168,  263,  345  ; 
iii.  125,  380,  468  ;  iv.  69,  207,  294,  319.) 

LOCAL  WORTHIES  (continued). 
BABING  FAMILY. 

Exeter.— On  May  1,  1913,  a  tablet  in  St. 
Leonard's  Church  was  unveiled  by  the  Earl 
of  Northbrook,  and  dedicated  by  the  Bishop 
of  Exeter,  in  memory  of  mer  r«  ~*  the 
Baring  family,  who  resided  in  the  p;  n  oi' 
nearly  100  years  up  to  1816.  During  that 
period  the  second  John  Baring  was  member 
of  Parliament  for  Exeter  for  25  years.  The 
tablet  is  thus  inscribed  : — 

"  To  the  memory  of  John  Baring  of  Larkbear, 
who  died  1748,  aged  52  ;  Elizabeth  Vowler,  his 
wife,  who  died  1766,  aged  64  ;  and  of  their 
children  Thomas  Vowler  Baring,  who  died  1758, 
aged  25,  and  John  Baring  of  Mount  Radford,  who 
died  1816,  aged  85  ;  and  of  Ann  Parker,  his  wife, 
who  died  1765,  aged  36  ;  also  of-  their  children, 
Ann,  who  died  %L804,  Elizabeth,  who  died  1802, 
and  Francis,  who  died  1810.  all  of  whom  lie 
buried  in  the  adjacent  churchyard.  This  monu- 
ment is  erected  by  Francis  George,  second  Earl  of 
Northbrook,  the  Honble.  Francis  Henry  Baring. 
Francis  Denzil,  5th  Baron  Ashburton,  John, 
second  Baron  Bevelstoke,  Evelyn,  first  Earl  of 
Cromer,  descendants  of  John  and  Elizabeth 
Baring,  1913." 

The  tablet  was  designed  by  Sir  Thomas 
Graham  Jackson. 

SIB  S.  A.  SADLER. 

Middlesboro'. — On  June  21,  1913,  the 
Right  Hon.  Sir  John  Seely  (the  Secretary 
for  War)  unveiled  a  statue  of  Sir  Samuel 
Alexander  Sadler,  which  had  been  erected 
by  public  subscription  in  Victoria  Square. 
The  statue  is  of  bronze,  the  work  of  Prof. 
Edward  Lanteri,  and  represents  Sir  Samuel 
in  Court  dress  and  wearing  his  mayoral 
robes.  The  pedestal  is  of  Peterhead  granite, 
and  stands  in  the  centre  of  a  semicircular 
wall  of  the  same  material,  terminating  at 
each  end  with  pillars  bearing  inscribed 
tablets.  The  total  height  of  the  statue  and 
pedestal  is  20  ft.,  the  statue  being  8  ft.  3  in. 
high.  The  inscriptions  are  as  follows  :  — 

[On  pedestal]     (Borough    arms) 

Sir  Samuel 

Alexander  Sadler 

Knight,  V.D. 

1842-1911. 


90 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  APRIL,  wia 


[On  right  pillar]  This  monument"  |  was 
erected  by  |  public  subscription  |  to  commemorate 
|  a  career  devoted  |  to  the  service  of  |  the 
community.  |  Unveiled  A.D.  1913. 

[On  left  pillar]  Sir  Samuel  Sadler  |  was  a 
member  of  |  the  Town  Council  of  |  Middles- 
borough  1873-1911,  |  Mayor  1877,  1896,  and 
1910  |  Member  of  Parliament  I  for  Middles- 
borough  !  1900-1906.  He  served  |  in  the  Volun- 
teer and  |  Territorial  Forces  j  1860-1911  and  as 
Colonel  |  and  Hon. -Colonel  of  |  the  1st  V.B. D.L.I, 
and  |  5th  Durham  L.I.  1876-1911. 

MAUD  HEATH. 

Bremliill,  Wilts. — From  an  illustrated 
article  in  The  Field  of  Oct.  4,  1913,  entitled 
'  Maud  Heath's  Causeway,'  I  make  the 
following  extract  : — 

"  Tradition  relates  that  Maud  Heath  was  a 
market  woman  living  in  the  village  of  Bremhill, 
who  having  long  felt  by  sad  experience  the  incon- 
venience of  a  swampy  walk  to  Chippenham  and 
back,  especially  in  the  conveyance  of  such 
perishable  ware  as  butter  and  eggs,  devoted  the 
savings  of  her  life  to  the  laudable  purpose  of 
providing  a  good  footing  for  her  successors  in  all 
time  to  come.  She  made  no  will,  but  during  her 
lifetime,  in  the  year  1474,  she  gave  to  certain 
trustees  some  houses  and  land  in  and  near 
Chippenham  to  carry  out  her  intentions.  To 
commence  with,  the  trustees  built  a  causeway, 
that  is,  a  narrow. stone-flagged-  road,  along  the 
prescribed  route.  .  .  .Certainly  not  later  than  1698 
the  trustees  had  constructed  a  highway.  As  the 
years  rolled  on  the  property  bequeathed  by  Maud 
Heath  increased  in  value,'  and  the  trustees  had 
funds  sufficient  to  make  this  an  excellent  road,  to 
provide  a  footpath  by  the  side,  and  to  rebuild 
the  bridge  over  the  Avon.  In  1811  they  raised 
the  footway  on  a  chain  of  about  sixty  arches  over 
the  meadows,  which  are  liable  to  flooding,  adjoin- 
ing the  Avon  ;  and  in  1 853  they  defrayed  the  cost 
of  the  present  stone  bridge  over  the  river.  In 
short,  the  cost  of  everything  connected  with  the 
maintenance  of  this  thoroughfare  is  defrayed  by 
the  Trust." 

The  road  is  about  4^  miles  long,  reaching 
from  the  east  side  of  Chippenham,  through 
Langley  Burrell,  across  the  Avon,  to  the 
top  of  Bremhill  Wick  Hill. 

Near  the  Avon  bridge  is  a  stone  memorial 
surmounted  by  a  sundial.  It  is  about 
12  ft.  high,  and  is  thus  inscribed  : — 

"  lo  the  memory  of  the  worthy  Maud  Heath 
of  Langley  Burrell,  widow,  who  in  the  year  of 
grace  1474,  for  the  good  of  travellers,  did  in 
charity  bestow  in  land  and  houses  about  8?.  a 
year  for  ever,  to  be  laid  out  on  the  highway  and 
causey  leading  from  Wick  Hill  to  Chippenham 
Clift.  Erected  by  the  feoffees  in  1698.  Injure 
me  not." 

Beside  the  road  near  the  top  of  Wick  Hill 
a  stone  is  inscribed  with  the  following 
couplet : — 

From  this  Wick  Hill  begins  the  praise 
Of  Maud  Heath's  gift  to  these  highways/ 


On  the  top  of  the  hill  an  octagonal 
column,  rising  from  a  square  plinth  to  a 
height  of  about  40  ft.,  is  placed.  On  the 
summit  is  seated  a  stone  figure  of  Maud 
Heath,  clad  in  the  garb  of  a  market  woman. 
In  her  hand  she  grasps  a  staff,  and  beside 
her  stands  a  basket  laden  with  butter  and 
eggs.  It  was  erected  in  1838  by  two  of  the 
trustees — Henry,  Marquis  of  Lansdowiie, 
and  the  Rev.  Wm.  Bowles,  Vicar  of  Brem- 
hill. 

HUNTSMAN  FAMILY. 

West  Retford,  Notts. — In  September,. 
1913,  a  sacristy  was  added  to  the  church  of 
St.  Michael.  It  was  dedicated  by  Canon 
Gray  as  a  gift  of  members  of  the  Huntsman 
family.  On  the  stonework  of  the  chancel 
is  carved  the  following  inscription  : — 

Benjamin  Huntsman 

A.D.  1820-1893. 
His  wife,  Anna  Maria 

A.D.  1825-1897. 
And  their  Son,  Francis  Huntsman 

A.D.  1852-1910. 

Thou  wilt  keep  them  in  perfect  peace. 
This  sacristy  was  erected  by  Mary,  widow  of 
Francis  Huntsman,  and  her  brothers  and  sisters- 
in-law,    Harry   and   Amy   Huntsman,    Alice   and1 
John  Walker,  Hilda  and  Alexander  Bethel. 
Charles  Gray,  Rector. 

ALDERMAN  G.  J.  JOHNSON. 

Brampton,  Cumberland. — In  Front  Street,, 
near  St.  Martin's  Hall  and  the  parish 
church,  is  placed  a  square  granite  pillar  to 
the  memory  of  Alderman  Johnson.  It  is 
slightly  raised  by  steps  from  the  roadway, 
and  is  surmounted  by  a  lamp.  On  the 
front  is  inserted  a  bronze  medallion  por- 
trait, the  work  of  Mr.  Edward  Gill  of  London. 
The  memorial  was  erected  by  public  sub- 
scription at  a  cost  of  300Z.  It  is  thus 
inscribed  : — 

[East  side]  (Medallion.) 

In  Memory  of 

George  John  Johnson, 

of  Castlesteads,  J.P.,  Deputy 

Lieutenant,  County  Aldeiman. 

Born  28th  June,  1816.     Died  23rd 

December,  3896. 
[West  side] 

Know  thou,  O  stranger  to  the  fame 
Of  this  much  loved,  much  honoured  name  ; 
For  none  that  knew  him  need  be  told, 
A  warmer  heart  death  ne'er  made  cold. 
[North  side]  Erected  by  public  subscription  in 
recognition  of  his  many  public  services — 20  years- 
Chairman   of   the    Brampton   Petty   Sessions,    28 
years     Chairman    of     the    Brampton    Board    of 
Guardians,  and  active  member  of  Quarter  Sessions, 
and    28    years    Chairman    of   the    Cattle    Disease 
Executive  Committee. 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


91 


[South  side]  Under  his  Chairmanship  the 
TJrampton  Guardians  secured,  a  supply  of  good 
"water  for  the  town,  and  reformed  its  drainage, 
1870-1876.  The  Cattle*  Disease  Executive  Com- 
mittee also  adopted  the  Cumberland  system  of 
stamping  out  disease,  which  commenced  with 
the  Cattle  Hague  1866. 

Plain,  patient  work  fulfilled  that  length  of  days 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

(To  be  continued.) 

STATUES  AND  MEMORIALS  :  DUKE  or 
MABLBOROUGH. — MR.  J.  T.  PAGE'S  carefully 
-compiled  index  of  those  whom  contem- 
poraries or  posterity  have  deemed  lapide 
digni  reveals  an  important  absentee  :  John 
€hurchill,  first  Duke  of  Marlborough,  one 
of  the  greatest  of  British  commanders.  At 
the  date  of  his  death  party  passion  ran  so 
high  that  no  minister  would  have  had  the 
courage  to  ask  for  a  grant  of  public  money  to 
•erect  a  lasting  memorial  to  the  victor  of 
Blenheim,  Ramillies,  and  Malplaquet.  Suc- 
ceeding generations  seem  to  have  forgotten 
him.  Marlborough  House  has  survived,  but 
its  original  occupant  has  no  place  of  honour 
beside  it.  L.  G.  R. 

[Although  MR.  PAGE  had  not  been  able  to 
record  any  public  statue  of  the  Duke  of  Marl- 
foorough,  he  described  at  11  S.  vii.  144  the  statue 
on  a  high  column  in  the  grounds  of  Blenheim 
Palace,  the  palace  and  park  having  been  pre- 
sented to  the  Duke  by  the  nation  as  a  token  of  its 
gratitude.  At  p.  65  of  the  same  volume  he 
printed  the  inscription  in  honour  of  the  Duke 
which  is  carved  on  an  obelisk  at  Castle  Howard. 
A  further  instalment  of  '  Statues  and  Memorials  ' 
was  in  type  at  the  time  of  MB.  PAGE'S  death.] 


THOMAS  WAKEFIELD,  HEBRAIST.  — 
"Thomas  Waken" eld  was  the  first  Regius  Pro- 
fessor of  Hebrew  at  Cambridge,  and  died 
1575.  The  information  following,  concern- 
ing himself  and  his  family,  is  written  on  the 
fly-leaves  and  in  the  Kalendar  of  a  fifteenth- 
•century  manuscript  Book  of  Hours  in  my 
possession,  and  it  adds  some  interesting 
details  to  the  account  given  in  the  '  Dic- 
tionary of  National  Biography.'  The  con- 
tractions of  the  original  are  expanded. 
"  Thomas  Wakefelde." 

"  Agnes  Tilney  filia  Thoma3  Tilney  armigeri  et 
Miargaretse  uxoris  suae,  et  jam  uxor  Thomae 
Wakefelde  de  Chesterton  in  comitatu  Canta- 
'brigise  generosi,  nata  fuit  apud  manerium  de 
^chellay  in  comitatu  Suftolchise  decimo  septimo 
die  mensis  februarii — Anno  regni  regis  benrici 
•octavi  septimo  et  anno  Domini — M.D.  decimo 
•quinto.  Et  foelicissime  mortem  obiit  mulier 


castissima  et  marito  deditissima  19  dominico  die 
augusti  in  plenilunio  anno  secundo  Edwardi  sexti, 
relinquens  post  se  liberos  duos,  sepultaque  jacet 
in  ecclesia  de  Chesterton." 

"  Thomas  Wakefelde  films  Gulielmi  Wakefelde 
Armigeri  et  Johannae  uxoris  ejus,  in  artibus 
magister  et  publicus  Lector  Begiae  Lectionis 
hebraicae  apud  cantabrigiam,  nee  non  Justiciarius 
pacis  hi  comitatxi  Cantabrigiae,  natus  fuit  apud 
Pontemfractum  in  comitatu  Eboraci,  et  mense 
septembris  in  vigilia  nativitatis  B.  Marise  Virginia 
in  nocte,  quarta  scilicet  vigilia,  parum  ante  solis 
ortum.  Anno  regni  regis  Benrici  septimi,  dum 
pater  ejus  esset  illius  oppidi  prsefectus,  et  anno 
Domini — M.D." 

"  Anno  quarto  Edwardi  sexti,  ego  idem  Thomas 
Wakefelde  de  Chesterton  custos  pacis  domini  regis 
in  comitatu  Cantabrigise,  duxi.  in  secundam 
uxorem  Alysiam  Jacob  filiam  Johannis  Jacob  de 
Suthberye  in  comitatu  Suffolchise,  die  lunae  ante 
pentecostem  qui  fuit  decinonus  dies  Mail. 
Henricus  Leyer  fuit  avus  Alysiae  uxoris  meae  ex 
parte  matris." 

"  Nomina  liberorum  Thomae  Wakef  eldi  manentis 
Chestertoni  in  comitatu  Cantabrigiae,  et  Begii 
Professoris  hebraicae  linguae  in  alma  Achademia 
Cantabrigiae,  quos  peperit  sibi  sua  dilectissima 
conjux  Agnes,  filia  Thomae  Tilnei  armigeri,  qui 
Hadleghi  in  comitatu  Suflolchiae  habitat." 

"  Thomas  Wakef  eld  filius  meus  natu  maximus 
natus  fuit  apud  Dalhamum  in  comitatu  Suffol- 
chiae  in  aedibas  Thomae  Stutfelde  armigeri,  in  die 
lunae  qui  dicatus  est  divo  Bricio,  in  mense 
novembri  die  scilicet  tertiodecimo  ejusdem  mensis 
intra  horas  septimam  et  octavam  antemeridianas. 
Anno  a  Christi  nativitatis  quadragesimo  secundo 
supra  millesimum  et  quingentesimum.  Et  anno 
regni  Illustrissimi  regis  nostri  Henrici  octavi 
tricesimo  quarto  ;  cujus  susceptores  e'sacro  fonte 
erant  Thomas  Hegham  et  Thomas  Stutefelde 
armigeri  et  vidua  Stutefelde  illius  Thomae  mater, 
eumque  apud  episcopum  tenuit,  Dominus 
Johannes  Soudelye,  rector  ecclesiae  de  Landebecne 
in  comitatu  Cantabrigiae." 

"  Alisia  filia  mea  in  lucem  e  matre  Agnet< 
edita  fuit  in  die  veneris,  qui  erat  decimus  sextus 
dies  mensis  Januarii,  intra  horas  sextam  et 
septimam  aut  paulopost  apud  Chesterton  in 
aedibus  meis.  Anno  salutis  nostrae  M.D.  quad- 
ragesimo quarto,  et  tricesimo  sexto  anno  Begis 
Henrici  octavi  fidei  defensoris,  et  in  terris  supremi 
capitis  ecclesiarum  Anglicanae  et  Hibermcae. 
Susceptores  habuit  Alisiam  Coke  uxorem  Willelmi 
Coke  armigeri,  et  legum  nostrarum  periti  (ser- 
vientis),*  et  Annam  Cheke  viduam  Cantabrigen- 
siem  et  Doctorem  Wigan  Begiuni  professorem 
Sacrae  Theologiae  Cantab rigae." 

In  the  Kalendar  are  the  following  entries  J 

16  Jan.  "  Hodie  nata  fuit  Alysia  Wakefelde 
filia  Thomae  Wakefelde  Chestertoni." 

19  Aug.  "  Hodie  in  nocte  intra  horas  nonam 
et  decimam  felicissime  in  Domino  moritur  Anna 
Wakefelde  uxor  Thorn®  Wakefelde,  mulier 
castissima  et  pudicissima.  Sepiliturque  in  aede 
sacra  Chestertoni." 

13  Nov.  "  Iste  die  natus  er&t  Thomas  Wake; 
feldus  apud  Dalehamum,  filius  Thomae  Wakef  eldi 
Chestertoniensis . " 

A.  J.  V.  RADFOBD. 


*  This  word  has  been  written  above  periti. 


92 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [is  s.  v.  A™, 


"  VESTIS  ADRIATICA."  (See  11  S. 
viii.  270.) — At  the  above  reference  L.  L.  K. 
quoted  the  following  passage  from 
St.  Alexius' s  life  in  the  '  Legenda  Aurea  '  of 
Jacobus  de  Voragine,  and  asked  for  an 
explanation  of  "  vestis  adriatica,"  which,  as 
he  observed,  "  French  and  other  Continental 
writers  translate  as  '  vesture  de  deuil,' 
'  raiments  of  sorrow,  mourning,'  or  '  black 
dress  '":—*. 

"  Sponsa  vero  eius  induta  veste  adriatica 
cucurrit  plorans." 

It  was  natural  to  conjecture  that  the  text 
might  be  corrupt,  an  obvious — too  obvious — 
emendation  being  atrata.  An  examination 
of  the  saint's  life  in  the  Bollandist  '  Acta 
Sanctorum  '  threw  no  light  on  the  difficulty. 
In  the  '  Sancti  Alexii  Viri  Dei  Vita  '  given 
from  Simeon  Metaphrastes  in  the  abridgment 
of  Aloysius  Lipomanus's  '  Vitse  Sanctorum,' 
1573,  pt.  ii.  p.  339,  the  words  used  are 
"  Sponsa  vero  lugubri  veste  induta  currens," 
&c.  I  have  not  examined  the  original  Greek 
of  the  Metaphrast,  but  am  now  strongly 
inclined  to  believe  that  adriatica  is  a  cor- 
ruption of  Atrabatica.  See  Du  Cange's 
account  of  "  Atrabaticre  Vestes  "  ;  and 
'  Atrebates  '  and  '  Atrabaticus  '  in  the 
'  Thesaurus  Linguae  Latinae,'  vol.  ii.  col.  1094. 
It  appears  from  the  '  Thesaurus  '  that, 
although  of  course  the  adjective  "  Atraba- 
ticus," when  applied  to  clothing,  means  that 
it  was  manufactured  by  the  Atrebates,  the 
Gallic  tribe  whose  chief  town  was  the  modern 
Arras,  yet  Johannes  Lydus  and  Suidas, 
misled  by  the  resemblance  to  atriim,  sup- 
posed the  name  to  refer  to  the  colour. 
Prof.  Postgate  has  pointed  out  to  me  that 
certain  MSS.  haveAdrebas  instead  of  Atrebas 
in  Csesar,  'E.G.,'  iv.  35,  1.  This  helps  to 
show  that  the  corruption  of  "  Atrabatica  "  or 
"  Atrebatica "  to  "Adriatica"  is  easy  and 
natural.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

CHESS  :  THE  KNIGHT'S  TOUR. — The  well- 
known  problem,  or  puzzle,  of  the  Knight's 
tour  consists  in  the  discovery  of  a  series  of 
moves  by  which  the  Knight,  starting  from  a 
given  square,  may  visit  successively,  but 
only  once,  every  square  of  the  chessboard. 
The  problem  has  been  solved  in  many 
different  ways,  but  I  doubt  whether  it  has 
hitherto  been  shown  that  the  tour  may  start 
from  any  square — that  all  the  squares  of 
the  board  will  serve  the  Knight's  purpose 
equally  well. 

Let  the  reader  take,  or  make  for  himself, 
any  solution  of  the  puzzle.  In  the  tour  that 
lies  mapped  out  before  me,  which  I  will  call 
A,  square  1,  from  which  the  Knight  starts, 


TOUR  A. 


28 

11  ' 

42 

49 

30 

9 

32 

45 

41 

48 

29 

10 

43 

46 

19 

8 

12 

27 

50 

47 

18 

31 

44 

33 

51 

40 

17 

64 

61 

58 

7 

20  ; 

26 

13 

52 

59 

16 

63 

34 

57 

39 

2 

15 

62 

53 

60 

21 

6 

14 

25 

54 

37 

4 

23 

56 

35 

1 

38 

3 

24 

55 

36 

5 

22 

is  Queen's  Rook's  square  ;  and  square  64., 
at  which  he  ends,  is  Queen's  5th.  Now  for 
certain  inferences.  In  the  first  place,  the 
tour  may  be  reversed — may  start  from  64 
as  well  as  from  1.  Next,  a  Knight  standing 
at  64  commands,  in  the  tour  before  me^ 
squares  63,  53,  15,  13,  27,  29,  43,  and  31. 
It  follows,  therefore,  that,  besides  64r 
squares  54,  16,  14,  28,  30,  44,  and  32  are 
squares  from  which  other  tours  can  be  made~ 
For  instance,  the  tour  beginning,  say,  at 
square  16,  proceeds  from  16  forwards  to  64,. 
and  then,  as  15  is  a  Knight's  move  from  64* 
from  15  backwards  to  1.  Let  us  call  this 
tour  B,  and  record  it  on  a  plan  or  diagram: 
of  a  blank  chessboard,  marking  16  as  1,  17  as 
2;  64  as  49,  15  as  £0,  14  as  51,  13  as  52,  and 
so  on.  Again,  a  Knight  at  square  1  of  the 
A  tour  commands,  besides  2,  square  54.  It 
follows  that  a  fresh  tour  may  be  made 
backwards  from  53  to  1,  and  then,  as  the 
Knight  commands  54,  forwards  from  54 
to  64.  We  infer,  then,  from  our  first  tour  A* 
that  squares  1,  64,  54,  16,  14,  28,  cO,  44,  32, 
and  53 — ten  in  all — are  possible  starting- 
points.  Tour  B  should  be  treated  in  the 
same  manner  for  the  discovery  of  other 
squares  from  which  the  Knight  may  start. 
Record  the  results  on  a  blank  diagram  of 
64  squares,  and  make  as  many  more  tours,, 
each  of  them  strictly  derived  or  deduced  from 
its  predecessor,  as  may  be  necessary  to- 
cover  the  wThole  board  with  possible  starting- 
points.  I  have  found  six  tours  necessary ,. 
some  of  them,  as  it  happened,  yielding  very 
scanty  new  results. 

But  this  is  not  all.  As  the  board  has  four 
sides,  and  can  be  turned  in  fcur  different 
directions,  every  square  is  one  of  a  set  oi 


12S..-V.  APRIL,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


93 


four  whose  relative  positions  on  the  four 
sides  of  the  board  are  corresponding  and 
identical.  Obviously,  if  the  tour  may  begin 
from  one  corner  square,  it  may  begin  fiom 
all  of  them  ;  and  so  with  all  the  other  ascer- 
tained starting-points,  since  each  has  three 
others  corresponding  to  it.  When  not  only 
the  possible  starting-points,  as  shown  by 
-each  tour,  are  marked  on  the  blank  chess- 
board, but  also  their  corresponding  squares 
^as  well,  not;  many  tours  will  have  to  be  made 
before  every  square  is  covered  and  the 
xlemonstration  is  complete.  B.  B. 

"  THWERTNIC  "  OB  ."  THIERTNIE,"  OLD 
CHESHIRE  CUSTOM. — There  are  a  number  of 
allusions  in  the  early  records  of  Cheshire  to 
•a  mysterious  affair  called  "  Thwertnic." 

Thus,  in  Ranulph  Blundeville's  charter  of 
liberties  to  his  barons  and  knights,  about 
1216,  we  read  that  if  his  sheriff  or  any  officer 
shall  implead  any  of  their  men  in  the  Earl's 
-court,  "  per  thiertnic  se  defendere  poterit 
propter  Sherife-tooth  quod  reddunt  nisi 
secta  eum  sequatur "  (Ormerod,  i.  53). 
The  pleas  of  the  barons  of  Dunham  Massy 
and  of  Halton  are  to  the  same  effect, 
omitting  the  reference  to  the  sheriff-tooth 
(ibid.,  526  and  705). 

We  also  read  of  "  a  certain  liberty  called 
Thwertnyk,"  pertaining  to  the  stewardship 
of  Chester  held  by  Roger  de  Montalt  (ibid. ,  57). 

An  explanation  by  Sir  Peter  Leycester 
(ibid.,  54)  that  the  word  is  equivalent  to 
""  thirdnicht,"  "  trium  noctium  hospes," 
three  nights'  charges  for  the  sheriff's  diet, 
seems  inadequate.  What  was  this  "  thiert- 
nic "  with  which  a  man  could  defend  himself 
when  charged  by  the  sheriff  ?  The  explana- 
tion is  deducible  from.  Maitland  and  Pollock's 
•*  Hist,  of  English  Law,'  &c.,  ii.  608,  &c.  The 
word  is  properly  "  thwert-ut-nay,"  which 
means  a  downright  "  No,"  i.e.,  a  defence  to 
the  claim  by  a  flat  denial.  The  intricacies 
of  thirteenth -century  pleading  are  involved, 
but  the  meaning  of  it  all  seems  to  be  this  : 
The  plaintiff's  claim  must  be  met  by  a 
"  thwert-ut-nay "  ;  other  defences  may 
follow,  but  this  one  is  indispensable,  and 
want  of  it  is  fatal.  Having  made  the  denial, 
the  person  sued  could  then  demand  an 
examination  of  the  plaintiff's  "  secta,"  or 
suit  of  witnesses.  If  none  were  ready,  the 
claim  failed,  or  should  do  so,  on  a  protest  by 
the  defendant  that  he  need  not  answer  the 
simple  assertion  of  the  plaintiff,  unsupported 
by  the  offer  of  evidence. 

Now  the  passage  in  the  barons'  charter 
quoted  above  seems  to  mean  simply  that 
where  the  sheriff  was  notjprepared  then  and 


there  to  back  up  his  case  wi 
either  because  he  had  none  or  ^^^re  not 
ready,  the  person  charged  or  sued  was  allowed 
to  go  free  on  his  simple  plea  of  "  No  "  (  =  "  I 
deny  the  whole  thing"),  subject  to  the 
payment  of  some  fee  to  the  sheriff  for  his 
"  stuth,"  or  maintenance.  (Nothing  to  do 
with  "  tooth  "  etymologically.) 

It  is  easy  to  see  the  abuses  to  which  the 
sheriff's  duty  might  lead  when  he  got  a  fee 
out  of  the  case,  even  if  without  foundation, 
or  when  a  proper  case  was  dismissed  by 
merely  paying  him  a  fee.  But  this  evil 
lasted  in  Cheshire  until  the  time  of 
Edward  III.,  when,  by  a  charter  of  Sept.  10, 
1346,  the  Prince  of  Wales  (the  Earl  of 
Chester),  after  reciting  the  clause  in  the 
charter  of  the  barons, 

"  yet  because  this  custom  is  contrary  to  the 
common  law,  is  the  origin  of  trouble,  and  de- 
structive to  peace,  &c.,  ordained,  with  the  consent 
and  at  the  request  of  the  commonalty  of  Cheshire, 
that  the  defence  of  '  thwertnie  '  should  not  be 
allowed  in  future "  (Inspeximus,  Charter  Roll, 
Nov.  14,  1389). 

R.  STEWART-BROWN. 

HEAVITBEE,  co.  DEVON,  1553-1653. — A 
MS.  has  come  into  my  hands  which  is  of 
interest  to  Devonshire  genealogists.  On 
the  fly-leaf  is  written  : — 

"  Heavitree.  A  Booke  for  Weddings,  Christin- 
ings  and  Buryalls  written  in  the  year  of  our  Lord 
God  one  thousand  six  hundred  and  fiftie  and 
three,  for  the  p'ish  of  Heavitree,  being  truly 
copied  out  of  a  booke  of  p'chment,  belonging  to 
the  said  p'ish,  beginning  the  first  day  of  February 
1565  and  compared  by  "  (blank). 
The  MS.  contains  only  baptisms,  from 
1555  to  1653.  It  is  written  on  paper  in  a 
clear  hand.  There  is  also  one  wedding  (by 
an  illiterate  hand)  dated  1681.  The  original 
register  is,  I  believe,  lost. 

J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

"HANDWRITING"  AS  A  SURNAME. — Com- 
pilers of  books  on  surnames  may  like  to 
know  that  Thomas  Handwriting  was  the 
name  of  a  convict  transported  to  New  South 
Whales  on  the  John  Barry  in  1821.  He 
figures  in  a  list  of  the  convicts  there  as 
taken  at  Dec.  31,  1837  (P.R.O.,  H.O.  10  :  33). 
J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

"  PRO  PELLE  CUTEM."  —  The  real  meaning 
of  this  old  motto  of  the  Hudson's  Eay 
Company  has  always  been  more  or  less  a 
matter  of  dispute.  It  seems  to  mean 
"  skin  for  skin,"  i.e.,  human  skin  for  animal 
skin,  for  the  old  hunters  risked  their  own 
skins  to  get  the  skin  of  the  buffalo.  I  find 
now  that  Canon  Matheson  of  Winnipeg, 
who  knew  many  of  the  old  hunters,  puts  an 


91 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12  s.  v.  APBIL.JMIT 


entirely  different  construction  on  it.  He 
considers  that  the  pro  belongs  to  the  pelle, 
from  which  it  has  been  wrongly  detached, 
and  that  the  correct  reading  is  "  Propelle 
cutem."  It  would  thus  mean  "  speed  (up 
or  to)  the  skin,"  i.e.,  hurry  up  after  the 
buffalo  skins.  In  any  case  it  was  evidently 
a  Latin  saying  which  was  well  understood 
at  the  time,  though  the  original  meaning 
may  have  been  subsequently  lost  sight  of. 
J.  FOSTER,  PALMER. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct.' 

RICHARD  STOCKTON  OF  KIDDINGTON,  1600- 
1657. — I  shall  be  glad  of  any  information 
about  the  above.  He  was  the  founder  of  the 
Stockton  family  of  New  Jersey,  and  is 
.supposed  to  have  been  the  son  of  John 
Stockton  of  Kiddington  or  Cuddington  (in 
the  parish  of  Malpas,  hundred  of  Broxton, 
Cheshire),  eldest  son  of  Owen  of  the  same 
place.  The  reason  for  supposing  this  to  be 
the  case  is  that  in  the  family  Bible,  under 
the  date  of  1760,  the  statement  is  made  that 
the  said  Richard  Stockton  emigrated  from 
England  previous  to  1660,  resided  for  a  few 
years  in  Long  Island,  near  New  York, 
"  belonged  to  an  ancient  and  highly  respect- 
able family,  and  possessed  an  opulent 
fortune."  The  same  gentleman  used  the 
arms  of  the  Kiddington  branch  of  the 
Cheshire  Stocktons,  which  were  engraved  on 
a  watch  and  family  plate.  He  died  1707. 
leaving  among  other  children  a  son  Richard 
and  a  son  John,  showing  that  the  family 
names  were  perpetuated.  The  parish  regis- 
ter of  Malpas  and  the  wills  in  Chester  and 
at  Somerset  House  have  been  carefully 
searched ;  but  few  records  were  made 
during  1640-60,  owing  to  the  civil  wars. 

With  John  Stockton  of  Kiddington,  who 
died  1700,  the  male  line  in  England  appears 
to  have  become  extinct  ;  but  it  is  possible 
that  he  had  a  son  or  a  nephew  living  in  the 
States.  Richard  Stockton,  "  the  founder  " 
of  the  New  Jersey  family,  also  had  an 
'  Uncle  Thomas,"  a  physician,  living  in 
"  Cole  Harbor,  London,  1661."  The  London 
Stocktons  used  the  ancient  arms  of  Stockton, 
nofc  those  used  by  the  Kiddington  or  U.S. 
branch.  There  is  a  will  of  Thomas  Stockton 
of  London,  1622,  but  there  is  no  reference 
to  Stockton  relations  living  in  Cheshire. 

HELEN  HAMILTON  STOCKTON. 
Morven,  Princeton,  New  Jersey. 


HAYWARD'S  'SURVEY  OF  WALDEN.' — A 
copy  of  this  book  was  in  the  possession  of 
John  Wolfe,  Esq.,  Walden,  1762,  and  was 
afterwards  owned  by  John  Fiske,  M.D.  Is 
anything  further  known  of  this  work  ?  or 
can  any  reader  give  information  about  it  ? 
CURATOR  OF  WALDEN  MUSEUM. 

FRENCH  NATIONAL  EMBLEM,  THE  COCK. — 
Information  invited  as  to  the  origin  of  the 
French   national    emblem,    the     cock,    and 
details  of  any  bibliography  concerning  it. 
J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON'S  WEALTH. — I  have 
seen  it  suggested  that  George  Washington, 
at  the  time  of  the  Declaration  of  Independ- 
ence, was  the  richest  man  in  America. 
What  authorities  should  one  consult  to 
confirm  this  statement,  or  otherwise  ? 

J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS, 

Glendora,  Hindhead,  Surrey. 

LATIN  EPITAPH  :  "  Si  QUIS  FORTE  ROGAT.'* 
— On  a  marble  slab  affixed  to  the  north 
wall  of  the  chancel  of  St.  Mary's  parish 
church,  Holy  Island,  Northumberland,  is 
inscribed  :  — 

Here  lyeth  the  bodie  of  Ann  Jones,  sometyme- 
wife  to  Henry  Jones,  Esquire,  which  Ann  died  the- 
19  of  Februarie,  1625. 

In  obitum  delectissimae  matris  Ann  Jones. 
Si  quis  forte  rogat  cujus  tenet  ossa  sepulcrum, 

Ipse  tacens  docui  marmora  dura  loqui, 
Si  quaeris  proavos  ;    generoso  sanguine  ducta  est* 

Si  vitam  ;    insignis  regula  justitise, 
Si  quseris  mores  ;    mulier  nee  amantior  sequi,. 

Nee  pietatis  erat,  nee  probitatis  erat, 
Hsec  pro  te  tristis  subscripsit  carmina  natus  ; 
-    Quse  sunt  officii  signa  suprema  sui. 

Per  me  Pet  rum  Jones. 

The  majority  of  persons  reading  the- 
above  inscription  would  infer  that  Peter 
Jones  composed  this  Latin  epitaph,  but  it  is 
not  so,  for  similar  lines  occur  on  a  grave- 
stone in  memory  of  one  Tamworth  who> 
died  in  1569.  Vide  Maitland's  'London,,' 
ii.  1076.  Is  any  other  copy  known  ? 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 


°P3 
J.  W.  FAWCETT. 


EDNA    LYALL. — The    full    inscription    orr 
this  lady's  grave  at  Bosbury,  near  Ledbury^ 
desired.  J.  ARDAGH. 

TURNER  OF  SHRIGLEY  PARK,  co.  CHESTER. 
— William  Turner  of  Shrigley  Park,  co. 
Chester,  M.P.  for  Blackburn,  had  a  daughter 
who  was  married  to  Thomas  Legh,  LL.D.,  of 
Lyme  Park,  co.  Chester,  on  Jan.  14,  1829. 
I  se'ek  genealogical  details  of  the  ancestry  of 
William  Turner,  and  particularly  the  names 
of  his  brothers  and  their  descendants.  I 
believe  one  brother  was  named  Robert- 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.  \ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


95 


Emanuel  Turner  (born  1825),  assistan 
comptroller,  cashier,  and  committee  clerk 
to  the  Manchester  Corporation  from  1842 
to  1857,  was,  I  understand,  a  nephew  of 
William,  the  member  of  Parliament.  Was 
he  a  son  of  Robert  ? 

Please  reply  direct. 

JAMES  SETON-ANDERSON. 

18  Culverden  Down,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

RICHARD  BURTON  c.  1681.  —  Richard 
Burton's  "  Historical  Remarques  and  Ob- 
servations of  the  Ancient  and  Present  State 
of  London  and  Westminster ....  London. 
Printed  for  Nath.  Crouch  at  the  Bell  next 
to  Kemps  Coffee  house  in  Exchange  Alley, 
over  against  the  Royal  Exchange  in  Corn- 
hill.  1681."  neat  half -calf,  18mo,  has  a 
number  of  very  quaint  cuts.  I  should  be 
glad  of  any  information  about  the  author. 
ANETJRIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

["  Richard  Burton  "  was  one  of  the  pseudonyms 
of  Nathaniel  Crouch  who  published  the  book. 
He  had  a  very  busy  pen,  the  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.'  de- 
voting nearly  four  columns  to  him,  s.v,  'Barton, 
Robert  or  Richard,'  and  recording  45  works  com- 
piled or  edited  by  him.  They  were  mostly  issued 
at  a  shilling  each,  and  had  a  great  popularity.] 

GRIM  OR  GRIME  :  ETYMOLOGY  OF  THE 
NAME. — There  is  a  Grim's  Dyke  near 
Salisbury,  a  Grimesditch  in  Cheshire  ;  the 
Roman  Wall  of  Antoninus  in  Scotland  is 
called  Grime's  Dyke  ;  and  there  is  a  wooded 
hill  near  Huddersfield  called  Grimesca. 
What  is  the  significance  of  this  name  Grim 
or  Grime  ?  Is  it  Celtic  ? 

W.  A.  HIRST. 

DEVEY  FAMILY. — I  shall  be  glad  of 
genealogical  information  regarding  the 
Deveys  who  held  Kingslow,  co.  Salop,  near 
Wolverhampton,  from  1640  to  1881,  and  the 
Deveys  who  resided  in  the  manor  of  Trysull, 
co.  Stafford,  during  the  eighteenth  century. 
The  former,  and  probably  the  latter,  family 
was  descended  from  the  Deveys  of  Patting- 
ham,  co.  Stafford,  temp.  Edward  II.  ;  and 
as  late  as  1730  a  John  Devey,  gent.,  who 
graduated  at  Oxford  in  1725,  had  an  estate 
there.  Thomas  and  William  Devey  of 
Trysull  graduated  in  1734  and  1764  respec- 
tively. G.  M.  N. 

GEORGE  BORROW  :  LIEUT.  PARRY. — Who 
was  Lieut.  Parry,  and  for  what  offence  was 
he  punished  at  the  time  of  the  Crimean  War  ? 
Borrow  has  three  separate  references  to  the 
topic  in  his  '  Wild  Wales,'  in  relation  to  his 
Welsh  tour  July-November,  1854.  In  his 
decisive  style  he  writes  of  "  poor  Parry, 


whose  only  crime  was  trying  to  defend 
himself  from  the  manual  assaults  of  his 
brutal  messmates  "  ;  and  of  Parry's  punish- 
ment as  "  a  deed  of  infamous  injustice  and 
cruelty."  I  find  no  allusion  to  the  affair 
in  works  where  it  might  be  expected  to  be 
mentioned.  W.  B.  H. 

THE  SWIN.  — Kipling  mentions  this  channel 
in  one  of  his  poems, 

From  the  Ducies  to  the  Swin. 
It  is,  I  believe,  to  the  north  of  the  mouth 
of  the  Thames.  What  is  the  meaning  of 
the  name  ''  Saxo-Grammaticus  mentions  a 
similarly  named  stretch  of  water  as  Zwina 
(p.  333),  Zuins  (p.  347),  Suin  (p.  359),  identi- 
fied as  the  Zwein,  the  middle  channel  of  the 
Oder  as  it  reaches  the  sea.  And  where  is 
the  Ducies  ? 

J.  HAMBLEY  ROWE,  M.B. 

[Bartholomew's  '  Gazetteer  of  the  British  Isles  ' 
describes  the  Swin  Channel  thus  :  "in  mouth  of 
river  Thames,  between  the  Maplin  and  Barrow 
Sands  ;  is  the  main  channel  from  the  Nore  to  the 
north."] 

BOASE  BROTHERS. — I  should  be  glad  if 
some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  could  furnish  me 
with  portraits  of  one  or  all  of  those  dis- 
tinguished brothers,  the  Rev.  Charles 
William,  George  Clement,  and  Frederic 
Boase.  Or  some  one  may  be  able  to  indicate 
a  periodical  in  which  their  portraits  have 
appeared.  J.  HAMBLEY  ROWE,  M.B. 

[MR.  RALPH  THOMAS,  who  knew  the  brothers 
well  (see  ante,  p.  88),  informs  us  that  he  does  not 
remember  to  have  seen  any  portrait  of  them.] 

QUEEN  ANNE  :  THE  SOVEREIGN'S  VETO. — 
I  have  often  read  in  books  on  constitu- 
tional history  that  Queen  Anne  was  the  last 
sovereign  to  veto  a  Bill  passed  by  Lords  and 
Commons,  but  have  never  lighted  on  any 
particulars  of  this.  Justin  McCarthy  in 
lis  volume  on  Queen  Anne  says  nothing  of 
t  ;  Mr.  Herbert  Paul  has  but  a  passing 
reference.  Can  any  reader  enlighten  me  ? 

W.  KENT. 

HERVEY  OR  HERVIT. — In  the  Index  to  the 
printed  Calendar  of  Inquisitions  post  mortem 
n  the  reign  of  Henry  III.  occurs  the  name 
of  William  Hervit  alias  Hervey.  The  date 
of  the  inquisition  is  January,  1256.  About 
forty  years  ago,  as  I  came  out  from  a  political 
meeting,  I  heard  a  man  in  an  excited  crowd 
sing  out,  "  Let  Bill  Harvet  have  one." 
"  One  "  meant  an  egg  not  laid  that  morning, 
and  "  Bill  Harvet  "  meant  a  Mr.  William 
Harvey  who  was  at  the  meeting,  and  there- 
fore deserved  an  egg  not  laid  that  morning. 


96 


NOTES  AND  .QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  APRIL,  1919. 


As  we  can  see  the  form  Hervit  or  Hervet  six 
hundred  years  ago,  and  can  hear  it  to-day,  I 
presume  that  it  has  had  a  continuous 
existence  from  the  one  date  to  the  other.  I 
presume  also  that  it  is  a  corrupted  form  of 
Hervey.  Can  any  philological  reason  be 
given  why  Hervet  should  be  a  corrupted 
form  of  Hervey  ?  Or  what  is  the  unwritten 
law  that  ha^5  governed  the  change  ?  Hervey 
was  a  fairly  common  personal  name  in 
England  for  about  two  hundred  years  after 
the  Norman  Conquest  which  brought  it  in, 
but  within  three  hundred  years  it  seems  to 
have  died  out  as  a  personal  name  and 
become  a  rather  common  surname. 

S.  H.  A.  H. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH  AND  QUEEN  ELIZA- 
BETH AT  SANDGATE. — In  Paine's  '  Guide  to 
Hythe,  Kent  '  (1862),  p.  29,  we  read  :  — 

"  In  her  progress  through  Kent,  Queen  Eliza- 
beth paid  a  visit  to  Saltwood  Castle,  riding  from 
Sandgate  on  a  pillion  behind  no  less  a  person  than 
Sir  Walter  Raleigh.  With  him  the  virgin  queen 
danced  a  saraband  (whatever  that  was)  on  the 
castle-green,  and  no  doubt  was  entertained  right 
royally  in  the  castle  itself." 

On  the  next  page  occurs  the  following  in 
support  of  the  statement  :  — 

"  Among  the  old  records  relating  to  this  period 
we  find  charged  in  the  town  accounts  2s.  for  straw 
and  '  clene  rushes  '  for  the  Queen's  dining-room, 
and  a  further  charge  of  Wd.  for  the  shoeing  of 
Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  horses." 
Can  any  one  supply  further  information 
about  this  visit  ?  The  probable  date  would 
be  August,  1573,  as  it  is  stated  in  Sussex 
Arch.  Collections,  v.  191,  that  "on  the 
morning  of  Tuesday  the  25th  [August]  she 
fthe  Queen]  left  this  house  [Westenh anger], 
dined  at  Sandgate,  and  was  at  Dover  to 
supper."  R.  J.  FYNMOBE. 

Sandgate. 

FIFTEENTH-CENTURY  SEAL. — There  is  a 
fifteenth-century  seal  at  the  British  Museum 
which  represents  the  Trinity  with  St.  John 
the  Baptist  and  lamb,  and  St.  John  the 
Evangelist  with  eagle.  The  mutilated  legend 
reads  :  — 

SIGILLVM ....  BTTRGEN  ....  US      DE      HENLE  YE. 

Is  this  likely  to  refer  to  the  township  of 
Henley -in-A^den  in  Warwickshire  ?  This 
township  is  under  the  patronage  of  St.  John. 
If  the  seal  refers  to  Henley -in- Arden,  then 
from  the  mention  of  burgesses  it  would 
appear  that  Henley-in-Arden  was  an  ancient 
borough.  Is  this  so  ? 

As  I  hold  the  manorial  rights  of  Henley- 
in-Arden  I  shall  greatly  appreciate  a  reply. 

W.  J.  FlELDHOUSE. 
Austy  Manor,  WoottonWawen,  Warwickshire. 


ALDELIMA,  1280 :  ITS  LOCALITY.- — On 
Aug.  5,  1280,  John,  Prior  of  Wenlock  (in 
Shropshire),  granted  to  John,  Archbishop  of 
Canterbury,  the  patronage  of  the  church  of 
Aldelima,  in  the  diocese  of  Coventry  and 
Lichfield,  which  the  Convent  of  Wenlock 
had  of  the  gift  of  Hugh,  lord  of  Aldelima. 
The  witnesses  inchide  Master  Thomas  de 
Yngelthorp,  Dean  of  St.  Paul's,  London  ; 
Master  William  de  la  Cornere,  Canon  of 
Lichfield  ;  Sir  Nicholas  de  Knovile  ;  Master 
Alan  de  Lyndesey  ;  Sir  Goscelyn,  Justice  of 
Chester,  Sir  Bogo  de  Knovile,  Sir  Odo  de 
Hodenet,  Sir  William  Bagod,  and  Sir  Roger 
Sprenchose  (the  last  five  were  knights)  ; 
John  de  Esthope,  and  John  de  Ayno,  clerk. 

This  is  one  of  many  valuable  charters,  in 
the  Free  Public  Library  of  Shrewsbury, 
which  I  am  calendaring.  What  place 
represents  Aldelima  ?  And  in  what  county 
is  it  situate  ? 

W.  G.  D.  FLETCHER,  F.S.A. 

Oxon  Vicarage,  Shrewsbury. 

CORNISH  AND  DEVONIAN  PRIESTS  EXE- 
CUTED IN  1548  AND  1549. — What  was  the 
name  of  the  West -Country  priest  who  was 
drawn,  hanged,  and  quartered  at  Smith- 
field  on  July  7,  1548  ? 

What  were  the  respective  benefices  of  the 
following  eight  priests  of  Cornwall  or  Devon- 
shire, who  suffered  for  complicity  in  the 
rebellions  of  1548-9,  arid  when  and  where 
were  they  executed  ?  Robert  Bocham,  John 
Thompson,  Roger  Barret,  John  Wolcocke, 
William  Alsa,  James  Mourton,  John  Barrow, 
Richard  Benet. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

LOWTHER.  — I  am  desirous  of  obtain- 
ing information  concerning  the  following 
Lowthers,  who  were  educated  at  West- 
minster School  :  — 

1.  James  Harrington,  admitted  in   1837, 
aged  10. 

2.  John,  admitted  in  1727,  aged  13. 

3.  T.  Lowther,  who  was  at  the  School  in 
1808. 

4.  William,  admitted  in  1727,  aged  11. 

5.  William,  admitted  in  1851,  aged  10. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

MACKWORTH. — I  should  be  glad  to  obtain 
information  about  the  following  Mackworths 
who  were  educated  at  Westminster  School  : — 

1.  Francis,  admitted  in  1736,  aged  10. 

2.  John,  admitted  in  1727,  aged  10. 

3.  T.  Mackworth,  who  was  at  the  School 
in  1803. 

4.  William,  admitted  in  1737,  aged  10. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


97 


CARTWRICHT  FAMILY  :  LABRADOR  AND 
NEWFOUNDLAND. — I  should  much  like  to 
get  information  about  the  following  members 
of  this  very  interesting  family,  who  had 
much  to  do  with  Labrador  and  Newfound- 
land :  Major  George  Cartwright,  his  brother 
John,  R.N.,  and  Miss  Cartwright,  who  wrote 
the  Life  of  the  major,  1826.  The  major's 
journal  was  published  in  1792. 

DAVID  Ross  McCoRD. 

McCord  National  Museum, 

Temple  Grove,  Montreal. 

GILT  WAND. — Can  any  reader  throw  light 
on  the  probable  history  of  a  wand  which 
may  be  described  as  follows  ? — A  wooden 
roller  about  3  ft.  long,  with  a  diameter  of 
1  inch  ;  about  3|  in.  of  black  paint  at  each 
end,  the  remainder  gilt  ;  bears  the  arms  of 
the  Earl  Marshal,  under  which  is  the  figure  8. 
It  is  believed  to  have  been  carried  in  the 
Coronation  procession  of  Queen  Victoria. 

M. 

PARKINSON  FAMILY. — I  should  be  glad  to 
know  how  John  Parkinson  the  botanist,  born 
1567,  was  connected  with  the  Parkinsons, 
settled  at  an  early  date  at  Gunness  (see 
Kirton  Court  Rolls),  and  afterwards  at 
Scunthorpe,  1595. 

John  Parkinson  of  Asgarby  inherited  the 
old  family  property  at  Gunness,  which  he 
sold  about  1775.  J.  HEALD  WARD. 

Exmouth. 

"  THE  DERBY  BLUES."— Can  any  one  give 
any  particulars  of  this  corps,  which  is  said  to 
have  been  raised  (presumably  as  a  volunteer 
troop  of  horse)  in  1745,  and  disbanded  the 


next  year 


W.  R.  W. 


PRINCE  CHARLES  EDWARD  STUART.— 
Could  any  fellow-beneficiary  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
name  the  author  of  an  eighteen-stanza  poem 
on  Prince  Charles  Edward  Stuart,  apparently 
written  in  1746,  and  beginning, 

Awhile  forget  the  scene  of  war  ? 
It     figures     anonymously     in     Macquoid's 
'  Jacobite  Songs,'  1887,  pp.  250-52. 

L.  I.  GUINEY. 

Araberley,  Glos. 

WADDINGHAM  FAMILY  OF  YORKSHIRE. — 
I  am  seeking  data  pertaining  to  the  family 
of  Waddingham,  near  Beverley,  in  the  East 
Riding  of  Yorkshire,  since  the  year  1800, 
and  may  extend  my  studies  to  an  earlier 
period.  To  that-  family  belonged  my  late 
mother-in-law,  Mrs.  John  Denton,  whose 
maiden  name  was  Elizabeth  Waddingham 


She  was  born  at  Hotham,  in  Yorkshire,  in  j  instantly  killed." 


1835,  and  died  in  Chicago  in  1900.     See  my 
Denton  Family  Notes  '  in  Yorkshire  Notes 
and  Queries  (Bradford)  for  August,  1908. 

Did  the  family  of  WadAingham  have  its 
origin  in  Yorkshire  or  in  Lincolnshire  ?  In 
Burke' s  '  Landed  Gentry,'  twelfth  edition 
;i914),  p.  1920,  is  a  pedigree  of  Waddingham 
of  Guyting  Grange,  co.  Gloucester,  which 
traces  from  Thomas  Waddingham  of  South 
Ferriby,  Lincolnshire  (fl.  1799).  It  may  be 
of  some  significance  that  South  Ferriby  is 
in  the  northern  extremity  of  Lincolnshire, 
and  therefore  close  to  the  south  bank  of  the 
Humber.  This  close  proximity  to  the  East 
Riding  of  Yorkshire  may  be  a  useful  clue  to 
follow. 

The  General  Index  to  the  Sixth  Series  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  gives  a  reference  (i.  96)  regarding 
two  churches  in  Wadingham,  Lincolnshire. 
Is  it  safe  to  infer  that  the  village  last 
mentioned  gave  its  name  to  the  family  or 
families  to  which  this  present  query  relates  ? 

I  should  be  grateful  for  any  information 
pertaining  to  the  family  of  Waddingham  in 
Yorkshire,  and  particularly  for  the  names 
and  addresses  of  any  living  members  or 
descendants  thereof. 

EUGENE  F.  McPiKE. 

4450  Woodlawn  Avenue,  Chicago,  111. 

BROOKE  ROBINSON  OF  DUDLEY. — Can. 
any  one  tell  me  where  I  can  obtain  a 
genealogical  book  by  Brooke  Robinson  of 
Dudley  containing  the  ancestry  of  himself, 
and  six  branches  of  his  family  ?  He  had 
30  copies  printed,  and  gave  away  19  to 
relatives  ;  the  remaining  11  found  their  way 
(I  am  told  by  the  publishers,  Messrs.  Nichols 
&  Sons)  to  public  libraries. 

(Mrs.)  S.  BENNITT. 

Clent  House,  Harborne,  near  Birmingham. 

"  ROUGH  "  AS  HOUSE-NAME.— I  have 
lately  noticed  the  use  of  the  word  "  Rough  ' 
as  part  of  the  name  of  houses  in  Surrey  m 
the  neighbourhood  of  Guildford  and  Hasle- 
mere.  Two  such  names  are  Piccard's  Rough, 
near  Guildford,  and  High  Rough,  near 
Haslemere.  Can  this  local  usage  be  ex- 
plained ? 

At  11  S.  viii.  444,  in  one  of  MR.  PAGES 
articles  on  '  Statues  arid  Memorials  in  Great 
Britain,1  the  following  reference  to  the 
word  occurs  :  — 

"On    19   July,    1873,    Dr.    Samuel   Wilberforce, 
Bishop  of  Winchester,  and  the  late  Earl  Gramalle 
were  out  riding  together,  and  had  reached  a  lonely 
spot  known  as  Evershed's  Rough,  about  four  mile 
from    Dorking,   on   the    road   10  Guildford.     In 
Bishop's  horse  stumbled,  he  was   thrown  heavily 
to    the    ground,    and,    falling    on    his  head,    was 


98 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [i2s.v.  APRIL,  1919. 


Probably  the  word  here  fittingly  describes 
the  tract  of  country  in  which  the  accident 
happened,  but  I  believe  that  in  each  of  the 
cases  I  have  cittfd  above  the  word  forms 
part  of  the  address  of  a  house.  It  would 
seem,  therefore,  as  if  the  two  houses  owe 
their  names  to  the  character  of  the  surround- 
ing country.  J.  R.  H. 

WILLIAM  NICHOLSON  OF  DUBLIN.  —  Wm. 
Nicholson,  gentleman  (wife's  name  Mary 
Anne  -  —  ),  resided  on  Pembroke  Quay, 
Dublin,  in  1861.  His  will  was  dated 
March  26,  1861.  Particulars'^  his  parent- 
age, with  date  and  place  of  "his  birth  and 
marriage,  desired.  E/C.  FINLAY. 

PROCTOR  FAMILY  or  DUBLIN.  —  Nathaniel 
Proctor  of  Dublin  married  Anne  Jane  Paine 
in  1821,  and  had  issue  Anne  Jane  and 
Richard  Nathaniel  ;  the  latter  married 
Dorothy  Lamb.  I  shall  be  grateful  for 
further  particulars.  E.  C.  FINLAY. 

1634  Hyde  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 


FAMILY  OF  BROWN'S  BAY.— 
I  should  be  grateful  to  any  correspondent 
who  could  kindly  give  me  information  con- 
cerning the  family  of  Brown  of  Brown's  Bay, 
Island  Magee,  near  Larne.  Some  monu- 
ments with  their  arms  yet  exist  there.  In 
1690  the  daughters  of  that  house  were 
famous  for  beauty,  and  in  earlier  times  one 
of  them  was  a  witch  known  and  dreaded  as 
Fairy  Brown.  Y.  T. 

ALABACTJLTA,  NAME  OF  A  RACEHORSE.-  • 
In  1776  a  filly  of  Lord  Rockingham's,  sub- 
sequently named  Alabaculia,  won  the  race 
which  two  years  later  was  called  the  Don- 
caster  St.  Leger.  Can  any  one  explain  the 
origin  of  this  name,  or  afford  any  informa- 
tion ?  I  believe  that  G.  A.  Sala  once 
investigated  it,  but  do  not  know  with  what 
result.  C.  M.  PRIOR. 

Adstock  Manor,  Winslow,  Bucks. 

"  WILDERING  "  :    "  WILDING."  —  Keble,  in 
his  *  Christian  Year,'  uses  thce  former  of  these 
words  thus  (  '  Fifth  Sunday  in  Lent  '  )  :  — 
!Ye,  too,  who  tend  Christ's  wildering  flock, 
in  the  sense  of  "  scattered."     For  this  he  was 
taken  to  task  by  a  Church  dignitary,  but 
defended  it  by  a  reference  to  Ezekiel  xxxiv.  12 
and  a  passage  from  the  Ordination  Service. 
But  later  he  capitulated  :  — 

^  With  respect  to  the  word,  I  find  that  according 
to^Johnson  there  is  or  was  such  a  word  as 
*  wildering  '  or  '  to  wilder  '  —  only,  unluckily  for 
me,  it  is  a  verb  active  —  the  same  as  to  '  bewilder.' 
So  it  must  be  considered  an  error,  and  '  wandering  ' 


or  some  such  word  must  be  substituted  for  it.     I 
find  it,  unluckily,  in  the  Oxford  '  Psalter'  also." 

On  this  his  biographer  observes  :  — 

"  In  spite  of  this  concluding  sentence  it  will  be 
found,  I  believe,  that  the  word.  '  wildering  ' 
remained  in  all  the  editions  published  in  his  life- 
time, and  the  line  remains  unaltered  still  "  (1868). 

Has    it    been    altered    in    any    subsequent 
editions  ? 

The  second  word  occurs  in  Crockett's 
'  Bog-Myrtle  and  Peat  '  (p.  381)  in  a  poem 
heading  his  story  *  The  Biography  of  an 
"  Inefficient  "  '  :  — 

In    the    well-known    precincts,    lo    the    wilding 
treasure. 

Have  the  two  words  any  kinship  in  mean- 
ing ?     Is  the  second  a  variant  of  the  first  ? 
J.  B.  McGovERN. 
St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

CLIFTON  FAMILY  OF  CLIFTON,  NOTTS. — 
Can  any  one  inform  me  of  the  names, 
and  dates  of  birth  and  death,  of  t.he  two 
daughters  and  oo-heiresses  of  George  Clifton, 
who  was  the  fifth  son  of  Sir  Gervase  Clifton, 
of  Clifton,  co.  Notts,  Baronet,  who  married 
Anne,  only  daughter  and  heiress  to  Robert 
Sacheverell  of  Barton  ?  Whom  did  the 
daughters  marry  ? 

REGI  SEMPER  FIDELIS. 

MISSEL  THRUSH  AND  MISTLETOE  SEEDS. — 
I  once  saw  a  Latin  verse  quotation  in  which 
it  was  stated  that  the  missel  thrush,  by 
sowing  mistletoe  seeds,  sowed  the  means  of 
its  own  death,  i.e.,  by  birdlime.  I  shall  be 
grateful  to  any  one  who  will  send  me  this 
quotation.  GEORGE  SAMPSON. 

BIRD -SCARING    SONGS. — Can    any    reader 
send  me  words   or  tunes  of  songs  sung  in 
old  days  by  the  children   engaged  "in   bird- 
scaring  ?  GEORGE  SAMPSON. 
Ramsdell  Vicarage,  Basingstoke. 

"  DRINK  BY  WORD  OF  MOUTH." — This  was 
a  saying  well  known  in  Essex  fifty  years 
ago.  Is  there  any  classical  or  other  autho- 
rity for  its  use  ?  Is  it  known  elsewhere  ? 

J.  J. 

ODESSA  IN  ROMAN  TIMES. — Is  it  possible 
to  say  whether  the  site  of  Odessa  was  inside 
or  outside  the  boundary  of  the  Roman 
Empire  ?  It  seems  clear  that  it  was  very 
near  to  the  boundary,  one  side  or  the  other. 

LAMPSO. 

AUTHOR  OF  QUOTATION  WANTED  :— 
If  of  dull  wits  this  stripling  you  suspect, 
Make  him  a  Herald  or  an  architect. 

XYLOGRAPHER. 


V2  S.  V.  APRIL,  191 9.  j 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


99 


STAGS  AND  EGLANTINE  : 
ELIZABETHAN  COURT  STORY. 

(12  S.  v.   13.) 

OLD  EAST  ANGLIAN' s  suggestion  as  to  the 
origin,  of  the  honeysuckle  borne  in  the 
mouth  of  the  crest  of  the  Sucklings  (a  stag 
current)  becomes  very  interesting  in  view 
of  a  recent  paper  contributed  to  Norfolk 
Archaeology  by  Mr.  F.  R.  Beecheno  on 
*  The  Suckling  House  at  Norwich.'  The 
latter  was  the  town  residence  of  the  Robert 
Suckling  upon  whom  Queen  Elizabeth  is 
said  to  have  conferred,  as  "  an  augmenta- 
tion to  his  arms,  the  honeysuckle  as  a  rebus 
on  his  name — Suckling,  colloquially  the 
honeysuckle  or  eglantine." 

In  the  paper  in  question  is  a  quotation 
from  Kirkpatrick's*  MS.  collection  for  a 
history  of  Norwich,  describing  this  house 
&,s  he  saw  it,  thus  :  — 

"  On  the  great  stone  gate  of  ye  flint  stone  house 
against  the  east  end  of  St.  Andrew's  Churchyard, 
on  the  one  side  of  ye.  arch  Suckling's  arms,  on  the 
other  side  ye  merchant  Adventurers'  arms. 
An0  Dni.  being  the  year  whsn  Robert  Suckling 
was  Sheriff." 

It  will,  however,  be  observed  that  further 
on  in  his  paper  Mr.  Beecheno  remarks  that 
"  the  arms  were  granted  to  Robert  Suckling 
on  the  24th  of  August,  1578  "  ;  and  when 
asked  his  authority  for  that  date,  he  replied, 
*'  Burke's  '  Armory.'  ' 

There  the  matter  rested,  as  one  of  little 
moment,  until  the  appearance  of  '  Stags 
:and  Eglantine  '  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  when,  the  dates 
assuming  additional  importance,  the  matter 
was  referred  to  a  well-known  authority  on 
heraldry,  who  said  :  — 

"  I  suspect  that  the  arms  of  Suckling  were 
confirmed  and  the  crest  was  granted  in  1578. 
Crests  as  a  rule  are  much  later  than  arms,  and 
hence  a  grant  for  the  crest  in  which  the  old  arms 
were  comprised,  and  hence,  at  times,  there  is 
some  confusion.  The  '  Armory,'  though  of 
course  a  most  useful  book,  is  not  an  official 
publication,  and  therefore,  to  answer  the  question 
as  to  the  grant,  I  think  it  would  be  well  to  apply 
to  the  Heralds'  College." 

This  was  accordingly  done,  with  the  result 
that  official  copies  were  made  of  four  dockets, 
and  it  is  interesting  to  observe  that  the 
tradition  as  to  the  "augmentation"  gains 

*  John  Kirkpatrick  died  August,  1728,  aged  42.    i 


credence  from  the  fact  that  Robert  Cooke, 
Clarenceux,  was  "  at  Norwich  "  in  August, 
1578,  during  Queen  Elizabeth's  visit  to  that 
city. 

The  copies  from  the  College  of  Arms 
read  :  — 

"  Camden's  Grants,  vol.  i.  folio  29  :  '  Per 
Bobert  Cooke,  Clar.,  at  Norwich  13  August, 
1578.  Arms  and"  crest  as  in  E.D.N.  56, 
p.  86b.'  " 

"  Camden's  Grants,  vol.  iii.  folio  24b  :  '  Suck- 
lings, per  pale  gules  and  azure  three  roe  bucks  or. 
Crest,  a  buck  current,  holding  a  honeysuckle  in 
his  mouth,  proper.  Blazon  only.  No  trick  of 
arms  or  crest.'  " 

Moreover,  the  above  arms,  with  the 
crest  surmounting  an  esquire's  helmet,  and 
the  date  "  An0  1584,"  were  placed  in  the 
windows*  of  his  manor  houee  at  Woodton 
by  Robert  Suckling  himself,  with  the  addi- 
tion of  a  similar  coat  of  arms,  but  without 
the  crest,  impaling  the  arms  of  his  wife, 
Cardinall  of  Essex. 

Robert  Suckling  died  in  the  house  in 
St.  Andrew's  parish  in  November,  1589,  and 
was  buried  in  the  church  opposite,  where  his 
younger  son  John  erected  in  1611  a  memorial 
to  him,  with  his  effigy  kneeling,  facing  that 
of  his  wife,  under  a  canopy  which  is  sur- 
mounted by  a  shield-shaped  plaque  en- 
tirely covered  by  trails  of  honeysuckle.  The 
latter  serves  as  a  background  for  the  coat  of 
arms,  on  which  are  the  esquire's  helmet, 
wreath,  and  the  roebuck  crest  ;  but  the 
latter  is  distinctly  azure — a  remarkable  fact 
in  view  of  the  following  passage  in  Suck- 
lings '  Antique  and  Armorial  Collection,' 
preserved  in  the  British  Museum, t  which, 
under  "Woodton,  Norfolk,"  says:  — 

"  The  Sucklings  orginally  had  for  crest  a 
roebuck  current  azure,  mantled  gules,  and  in 
1617,  for  what  cause  I  know  not,  the  celebrated 
Camden,  '  upon  mature  advice,'  altered  the  crest 
to  a  roebuck  current  or,  holding  in  his  mouth  a 
honeysuckle  proper.  The  document  is  signed 
'  William  Camden.'  " 

It  then  becomes  a  question  if  this  state- 
ment as  to  a  change  of  tincture  has  any 
relation  to  a  third  "  grant  "  by  Camden 
(vol.  ii.  folio  49b),  dated  "26  November, 
1617  ":  "  Charles  Suckling  of  Woodton, 
Com.  Norf.,  Esquire.  The  crest.  " 

The  arms  here  are  tricked,  and  the  crest 
shows  the  stag  to  be  almost  springing 
upwards,  with  "  or  "  written  at  the  side  of 
his  head,  and  "ppr."  against  the  huge 


*  These  two  old  windows  of  arm'orial  glass 
were  removed  many  years  since  to  Barsham 
(Suffolk),  where  they  may  still  be  seen  at  the 
Recto  rv. 

t  Add.  MSS.  18,476  to  18,491,  15  vols.by  the 
author  of  the  '  Antiquities  of  Suffolk.' 


100 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         112  s.  v.  APRIL,  1919. 


bouquet  of  honeysuckle  which  he  bears  in 
his  mouth,  the  whole  being  very  sug- 
gestive of  the  Elizabethan  "  stagge  exalt- 
ing to  the  divine."  Moreover,  Sir  John 
Suckling  (born  1569,  died  1627),  who  was 
knighted  in  1617,  was  at  that  time  a  person 
greatly  in  favour  at  Court,  where  King 
James  I.  made  him  Comptroller  of  his 
Household,  Secretary  of  State,  and  a  Privy 
Councillor  ;  and  he  had  married  the  sister 
of  Lionel  Cranfield,  Earl  of  Middlesex  (Lord 
Treasurer),  by  whom  he  was  father  of  the 
poet.  The  latter  (b.  1608,  d.  1641,  and 
also  knighted)  is  said  by  his  biographers  to 
have  "  derived  his  wit  and  vivacity  from 
his  mother";  but,  however  that  may  be, 
the  older  knight  had  certainly  some  claim 
to  literary  aspirations,  and  he  has  left 
some  not  insignificant  verses  prefixed  to 
'  Coryat's  Crudities,'  published  in  1611  :  — 

Incipit  Johannes  Sutclin. 
Whether  I  thee  should  either  praise  or  pitty .... 

He  was  also,  no  doubt,  the  author  of  the 
English  inscription  to  his  wife  upon  the 
sumptuous  tomb  which  he  placed  above  her 
remains  in  St.  Andrew's  Church  in  1613, 
in  which  she  is  addressed  as 
Mirror  of  time,  bright  starre  of  pietie, 

Barest  of  witts  cannot  give  thee  thy  due, 
Thou  \vert  so  good,  so  chaste,  so  wise,  so  true. 

The  various  devices  and  emblems  upon 
this  monument,  to  say  nothing  of  the 
sentences  in  Latin,  Spanish,  and  Norman 
French,  are  quite  out  of  the  common, 
and  give  rise  to  speculation  as  to  whether 
the  taste  that  conceived  them  was  an 
inheritance  from  his  father,  Robert  Suck- 
ling, who  (possibly)  originated  the  idea  of 
the  dangerous  delays  of  the  motto,  or 
the  latter  was  an  addition  of  Sir  John's 
in  1617.  One  needs,  in  fact,  to  be  an 
accomplished  herald  to  understand  the 
reason  of  this  docket,  and  also  of  a 
fourth  :  — 

"E.D.N.  56,  folio  86.  Sir  John  Suckling,  Cap- 
tane  of  a  troop  of  horse,  1640." 

In  all  probability  this  related  to  the  poet's 
raising  and  equipping  a  troop  of  horse  for 
King  Charles  I.  at  his  sole  expense — an 
effort  of  patriotism  which  cost  him  his 
fortune. 

The  arms  and  crest  are  also  tricked  in 
this  fourth  docket,  and  show  that  the 
"current"  stag  had  come  down  from  his 
upward  leap  by  that  time,  although  he  still 
carries  an  abnormally  large  posy  for  his 
*'  offering  "  of  "  redolent  eglantine."  . 

SAMUEL  FISKE. 


There  is  an  instructive  illustrated  article- 
on  this  subject,  by  Llewellynn  Jewittr 
F.S.A.,  in  The  Reliquary  for  July,  1882,  and 
lengthy  references  to  it  will  be  found  in 
A.  T.  Turner's  '  Hardwycke  Annals,'  J.  W. 
Hardwicke- Jones's  '  Hardwicke  of  Hard- 
wicke  and  Burcott '  and  '  Notes '  on  the 
ame  work,  and  '  Hardwicke  of  co.  Stafford  ' 
(two  vols.  and  two  appendixes)  ;  but  all  are 
very  vague  as  to  the  origin  of  the  eglantine 
roses  on  the  Hardwicke  crest.  Neither  do 
we  derive  much  light  from  the  Rev.  F. 
Brodhurst's  richly  illustrated  '  Notes  OIL 
Hardwick  Hall,'  or  his  *  Elizabeth  Hard- 
wycke, Countess  of  Shrewsbury,'  which 
first  appeared  in  the  Derbyshire  Archaeo- 
logical Society's  journal  in  1908  ;  nor  from 
Leighton  Pryce's  *  Hardwicke  of  Patting- 
ham  and  Worfield '  in  The  Reliquary  for 
April,  1885,  nor  from  '  Hardwicke  of  Derby- 
shire,' by  a  "  Scion  of  the  House  "  (2nd  ed. 
and  appendix).  A  slight  illumination,, 
however,  is  thrown  on  the  subject  by 
pp.  48  B,  49,  and  49  B  of  the  Hardwicke 
MS.  no.  37447  in  the  Additional  MSS.  Depart- 
ment of  the  British  Museum  Library. 

We  gather  from  these  writers  that  the 
stag  courant  was  the  crest  borne  by  Sir 
William  de  Hardwycke  when  in  1431  he 
espoused  Elizabeth,  Lady  Wingfield,  elder 
twin  daughter  of  Sir  Robert  Goushill  and 
his  wife  Lady  Elizabeth  FitzAlan,  Duchess 
of  Norfolk  ;  but  it  does  not  appear  certain 
that  at  that  time  the  stag's  neck  was 
adorned  with  roses.  Sir  William's  son 
Roger  took  an  active  and  prominent  part, 
with  the  latter 's  cousin  Lord  Stanley,  in 
the  organization  of  the  revolt  against 
Richard  III.,  which  resulted  in  the  battle 
of  Bosworth  in  1485,  when  Roger's  kinsman 
John  de  Hardwycke,  lord  of  Lindley  near 
Bosworth,  led  the  Earl  of  Richmond  to- 
victory,  as  described  in  William  Burton's 
'  History  of  Leicestershire  '  in  1622,  and  on 
pp.  65,  67,  and  73  of  'The  Battle  of  Bos- 
worth Field,'  by  W.  Button,  F.A.S.S.,  in 
1788.  The  Wars  of  the  Roses  were  thus 
happily  brought  to  an  end,  and  it  is  possible 
that  the  "  Stagges  of  Hardwycke,"  as  the 
lords  of  Hardwycke  were  called  on  account 
of  their  crest,  being  proud  of  the  share 
taken  by  their  house,  and  profoundly 
relieved  by  the  event,  then  adopted  the 
chaplet  of  roses,  the  idea  being  that  the 
hart's  neck  offered  the  sweet  smell  of 
eglantine  as  incense  to  Divinity  in  gratitude 
for  the  victory  which  united  the  white  and 
red  roses  ;  for  it  should  be  borne  in  mind 
that  the  "  Stagges  "  were  Yorkists,  as  also* 
were  their  cousins  the  Duke  of  Norfolk 


12  s.v.  APRIL,  i9i9.]  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


101 


(Richard's  general)  and  Berkeley,  Earl  of 
Nottingham,  while  their  cousin  Lord  Stanley 
was  Richmond's  stepfather  ;  and  the  four 
•cousins  were,  moreover,  intimately  con- 
nected with  the  ill-fated  widow  of  Edward  IV. 
•Queen  Elizabeth  Woodville,  whose  first 
husband,  the  Lancastrian  Sir  John  Grey, 
Lord  Ferrers  of  Groby,  was  also  cousin  to 
Roger  de  Hardwycke,  Norfolk,  Nottingham, 
•and  Stanley,  and  who  herself  was  once 
betrothed  to  Roger's  nephew  Jocelyn  de 
Hardwycke.  Of  course,  if  it  were  shown 
that  the  chaplet  of  eglantine  roses  formed 
part  of  the  crest  before  1485  this  theory 
would  fail,  and  in  any  case  it  is  only  a 
hypothesis.  PBIMA  FACIE. 


HENRY  I.: 
A  GLOUCESTER  CHARTER. 

(12  S.  iv.  149,  223,  279;  v.  16,  72.) 

WE  have  now  to  consider  the  probable  date 
of  Henry  I.'s  notification  of  his  confirmation 
of  (1)  Roger  de  Gloucester's  gift  of  Coin 
Rogers,  and  (2)  Henry's  own  gift  of  Ablode 
and  Paygrave  to  the  monks  of  Gloucester, 
addressed  to  Sampson,  Bishop  of  Worcester, 
and  Walter  de  Gloucester,  Sheriff  of 
Gloucester. 

It  is  important  to  remember  that  here 
we  have  notified  as  MR.  G.  H.  WHITE  points 
out  (ante,  p.  73),  a  double  confirmation  of 
two  transactions,  apparently  quite  distinct 
the  one  from  the  other.  I  will  call  them 
for  brevity's  sake  the  Coin  notification 
and  the  Ablode  notification.  The  original 
grants  are  lost  ;  so  also  is  the  original  of 
this  combined  notification.  A  copy  of  the 
Ablode  and  Paygrave  grant,  however,  as 
MB.  WHITE  tells  us,  exists  in  the  Gloucester 
-Cartulary. 

Of  this  double-barrelled  instrument  of 
confirmation  there  exist  three  versions  :  — 

(1)  That     in     the     Gloucester     Cartulary 
without  witnesses.- 

(2)  That    in    the   interpolated    part    of   a 
single    copy    of    William    of    Malmesbury's 
*  Gesta,'  with  three  witnesses. 

(3)  That   said  by  MB.   BADDELEY  to  be 
also    in    the    Cambridge    MS.     with    eight 
entirely  different  witnesses. 

As  to  the  date,  at  12  S.  iv.  149,  279, 
I  advanced  cogent  argument  for  the  view 
that  this  double  notification  synchronized 
with  charter  no.  3  in  Round's  '  Ancient 
•Charters,'  which  that  master  shows  to  have 
passed  as  early  as,  but  not  earlier  than, 
June,  1109  (9  Hen.  I.). 


It  is  curious,  as  MB.  G.  H.  WHITE  points 
out,  that  this  date  finds  some  corroboration 
in  the  Gloucester  Cartulary,  where  the  copy 
of  Henry's  grant  of  Ablode  and  Paygrave 
in  exchange  for  the  monks'  garden  is 
expressly  stated  to  have  passed  "  anno 
regni  Regis  Henrici  ejusdem  nono "  (see 
ante,  p.  18).  Henry  I.  returned  from 
Normandy  early  in  1109,  and  it  may  well 
be  that  the  double  notification,  as  above, 
may  have  passed  in  the  regnal  year  9  Hen.  I. 
(Aug.,  1109- Aug.,  1110).  I  am  far,  how- 
ever, from  asserting  that  it  did,  because  &n 
entry  in  the  Gloucester  Cartulary  (i.  69) 
and  the  interpolation  in  William  of  Malmes- 
bury  both  intimate  that  the  King  issued 
his  double  notification  on  the  field  of  battle 
before  Falaise,  in  the  presence  of  the  wounded 
knight,  in  1105.  The  new  element  is  this — 
that  the  interpolator  furnishes  witnesses 
to  this  double  notification,  three  in  number, 
all  of  them  Gloucestershire  tenants,  includ- 
ing Roger  de  Gloucester  himself.  Now  that 
Roger  died  before  Falaise  I  still  think  pro- 
bable, for  the  evidence,  though  not  con- 
clusive, is  very  strong.  Thus  William  of 
Malmesbury  says,  speaking  of  the  King : 
"  Multos  ex  carissimis  amisit  inter  quos 
Rogerium  de  Glocestra  probatum  militeni 
in  obsessione  Falesii  arcubalistse  jactu  in 
capite  percussum."  Orderic,  MB.  WTHITE 
informs  me,  is  still  more  explicit,  and  states 
that  Roger  was  slain.  At  the  same  time  a 
leader  always  returns  his  "  wounded "  as 
well  as  his  killed  as  "  lost,"  and  many  a 
man  reported  as  killed  in  action  survives 
his  wounds.  My  doubt  is  this  :  Did  Roger 
de  Gloucester  survive  to  witness  the  King's 
double  notification  in  Gloucestershire  ? 
Consider — 

(1)  Why   should   the   dying   knight   have 
been    harassed    in    1105    over    the    Ablode 
notification,    which    had    no    possible    con- 
nexion with  his  gift  of  Coin  ? 

(2)  Why  have  we  the  Gloucester  Cartu- 
lary   and    the    interpolator    both    testifying 
that  he  was  merely  "  graviter  vulneratus  "  ? 
Had    his    headpiece    saved    him  ?     At    any 
rjite,  he  was  able  to  recognize  his  King,  to 
give  him  the   kiss   of  homage,   and  to  en- 
sanguine the  royal  hand  with  gore  (Stubbs's 
'  William  of  Malmesbury,'  p.  521). 

(3)  How    is    it    that    we    have    Roger    de 
Gloucester    and    two    other    Gloucestershire 
men,  and  only  Gloucestershire  men,  attesting 
the  double  notification  at  all  ?      That  these 
men  may  have  tested  Roger's  lost  original 
gift    I    could  well   believe.       For   instance, 
Hugh  Parvus  was    probably  of  the  knight's 
retinue. 


102 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12 B.  v. APK.L,  1919. 


But  there  is1  the  third  version  of  this 
double  notification  to  be  considered — dig- 
nified as  the  "  Confirmatio."  It  is  word 
for  word  the  same  as  the  rest.  To  this 
version  is  appended  an  array  of  eight  new 
witnesses,  most  of  them  of  the  highest 
possible  rank,  with  the  King  and  the  Queen 
to  lead  them.  If  the  attestation  clause  is 
not  a  forgery,  then  MB.  WHITE  and  MR. 
BADDELEY  are  right,  and  the  elusive  date 
.cannot  be  later  than  November,  1106 
(ante,  p.  18).  I  hold  it  to  be  suspect  for 
t,vo  reasons  :  — 

(1)  There  could  have  been  no  real  necessity 
for  two    separate  twofold  confirmations  of 
the  same  grants  by  the  same  king,  with  two 
separate    lists    of    witnesses,  issued    within 
a  year  or  so  of  each  other. 

(2)  This    version    could    not    have    been 
known   at    Gloucester,  or   else   the  twelfth- 
century    interpolator    would    surely    never 
have  been  so  blind   to  the  interests  of   his 
own  house  as  to  forgo  so  splendid  a  chance 
of  parading  that   brilliant   company  at  the 
foot  of  his  own  version  of  the  King's  double 
notification. 

After  all,  in  dealing  with  chroniclers  and 
monkish  cartularies  we  are  largely  dealing 
with  shadows.  Here  the  one  solid  fact 
before  us  is  "  a  Gloucester  charter  "  which 
I  had  the  honour  of  publishing  in  *  N.  &  Q.,' 
and  which  in  all  probability  passed  at 
Easter,  1123. 

In  taking  leave  of  this  interesting  inquiry, 
which  has  been  illumined  by  MB.  G.  H. 
WHITE'S  scholarship  and  clearness  of  vision, 
and  MB.  BADDELEY'S  "  Confirmatio,"  I  may 
add  that  there  is  one  point  which  calls  for 
a  word. 

MB.  BADDELEY  (ante,  pp.  16,  17)  wants 
to  know  "  why  the  modern  spelling  of 
Mynors  should  be  adopted  for  magnates 
who  never  so  wrote  their  name."  NTow 
the  "  y "  as  a  variant  of  "  i "  is  quite 
innocent,  though  later  fashion  has  frowned 
on  the  dot.  On  the  other  hand,  "  o " 
stands  self-condemned,  and  MB.  ST.  CLAIB 
BADDELEY  is  right — those  old  magnates, 
who  wielded  sword  and  lance  to  some 
purpose,  assuredly  never  did  so  write  their 
names. 

CHARLES  SWYNNEBTON,  F.S.A. 

Stanley  St.  Leonards  Vicarage,  Glos. 

The  sole  difference  between  MB.  SWYN- 
NEBTON and  myself  as  the  result  of  our 
independent  discoveries  of  the  Coin  charter 
in,  I  find,  1915,  is  that  he  sent  it  to  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
while  I  communicated  its  presence,  purport, 
and  witnesses  to  my  friend  Dr.  Round, 


drawing  the  attention  of  the  latter  to  the 
omission  of  the  witnesses  in  the  version 
of  the  charter  published  by  W.  H.  Hart 
(vol.  i.  p.  236,  no.  cxliii)  from  the  Gloucester 
Cartularium.  Probably  Hart  never  saw 
the  original  charter.  When,  therefore,  yet 
another  transcript  (i.e.,  the  Cambridge  MS. 
of  William  of  Malmesbury  previously  ad- 
duced) of  the  same  charter — correctly  giving 
all  the  witnesses  in  their  proper  precedences,, 
and  not  misspelling  the  most  important 
personal  name  "William"  for  "  Gilbert  "- 
came  to  my  knowledge,  I  considered  it  the 
more  perfect  of  the  two  transcripts.  In 
addition,  the  monkish  writer  had  added 
(probably,  not  a  guess  at  alf)  the  date  and 
the  place  of  this  rather  memorable  charter. 
This  explains  the  phrase  used  by  me  "  the 
more  perfect  duplicate  "  ;  for,  naturally r 
that  could  not  refer  to  the  original,  but  de- 
scribed only  the  monastic  transcript.  That 
it  was  justified  will  presently  appear  fully. 
But  that  does  not  suit  MB.  SWYNNERTON 
at  all ;  for  the  reason  that  he  is  spellbound 
by  the  famous  Easter  assembly  of  April  15, 
1123,  when  Geoffrey,  the  new  Chancellor, 
first  appears.  He  therefore  suggests  that 
MCXXVII.  is  a  possible  blunder  for  MCXXIII. 
Why  not  add  "  Wintoniam,"  a  possible 
blunder  for  "  Westmonasterium  "  ?  Yet  he 
finally  thinks  it  possible  that  1127  may  be 
correct.  But,  if  that  be  so,  it  makes  the 
despised  Cambridge  ('Gesta')  transcript 
as  correct  in  the  date  as  it  proves  to  be  in 
text. 

Let  us  compare,  therefore,  the  two- 
monkish  versions  of  the  charter  :  — 

Cambridge  '  Gesta  '         Hart's  (Cartularium) 

version.  version. 

Rex  Anglorum.  Bex  Anglie. 

Gilebertus  de  Mineriis.  Willelmus  de  Miners. 

Bogerius  de  Gloecestra.  Bogerus  de  Gloucestria. 

Monachos.  Monachis. 

Unde.  Inde. 

The  original  charter  differs  from  both  in 
spelling  Culna  "  Chulna,"  and  "  Gislebertus," 
"  Portd,"  while  it  spells  "  Gloecestr',"  as 
does  the  Cambridge  version.  On  the  whole, 
therefore,  the  "  despised "  latter  version 
possesses  several  points  to  the  good  over  the 
Cartularium  one  ;  and  I  should  have  thought 
that  MB.  SWYNNEBTON  would  be  the  first 
to  welcome  the  additional  evidence  which  it 
affords  on  a  very  interesting  subject,  which 
he  has  been  the  first  to  publish.  "  Dux  " 
for  "  Rex  "  in  the  "  Confirmatio  "  (ante,  p.  17, 
col.  1)  was  an  oversight  in  my  proof-reading. 

In  conclusion,  I  may  add  that  the  sugges- 
tion of  the  date  (approximate)  and  place, 
Lisieux  (ante,  p.  74,  col.  2),  is  thus  not 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


103 


subject  to  the  real  date  of  the  siege  of 
Falaise,  which  MB.  G.  H.  WHITE  (I  note) 
does  not  regard  as  any  longer  sub  judice, 
but  places  it  A.D.  1105,  with  M.  Le  Prevost 
(ante,  p.  73,  col.  2).  This  may  make  it 
easier  to  account  for  the  presence  (pre- 
sumably in  France)  of  the  Abbot  of  Winch- 
combe  and  Hugh  Little  (parvus).  The 
latter  two,  I  may  mention,  were  likewise 
witnesses,  with  Roger  de  Gloucester,  to  a 
gift  by  Walter,  the  Sheriff,  of  the  church  of 
St.  Helen  (at  Alveston,  Glos.)  with  a  virgate 
of  land  to  St.  Peter's,  Gloucester.  Hugh's 
hon  Roger  presently  married  no  less  a  per- 
sonage than  Margery,  daughter  of  John  de 
Sudeley  and  Grace  de  Traci. 

ST.  CLAIB  BADDELEY. 

[We  have  in  hand  MR.  BADDELEY'S  article  on  the 
De  Miners  family,  but  cannot  insert  anything  more 
about  the  charter.] 


SAMUEL  JOHNSON  AND  BEN  JONSON 
(12  S.  v.  38).— 1.  The  Doctor's  saying  is 
recorded  in  Boswell's  '  Life,'  vol.  iv., 
Birkbeck  Hill's  edition,  p.  320,  under  the 
year  1784  :  — 

"  He  seemed  to  take  a  pleasure  in  speaking  in 
his  own  style  ;  for  when  he  had  carelessly  missed 
it,  he  would  repeat  the  thought  translated  into  it. 
Talking  of  the  Comedy  of  '  The  Rehearsal,'  he 
said,  '  It  has  not  wit  enough  to  keep  it  sweet.' 
This  was  easy  ;  he  therefore  caught  himself,  and 
pronounced  a  more  round  sentence  :  '  It  has  not 
vitality  enough  to  preserve  it  from  putrefaction.'  " 

2.  As  for  Carlyle's  reference  to  Ben  Jonson 
in  '  Past  and  Present,'  there  are  two  places, 
if  not  more,  where  he  compares  the  soul  to 
salt  that  keeps  the  body  from  putrefaction  :  — 

"  Talk  of  him  to  have  a  soul  !  'heart,  if  he  have 
any  more  than  a  thing  given  him  instead  of  salt, 
only  to  keep  him  from  stinking,  I'll  be  hang'd 
afore  my  time,  presently."  —  '  Bartholomew 
Fair,'  IV.  i. 

That  you  are  the  wife 

To  so  much  blasted  flesh,  as  scarce  hath  soul, 

Instead  of  salt,  to  keep  it  sweet ;    I  think, 

Will  ask  no  witnesses  to  prove. 

'  The  Devil  is  an  Ass,'  I.  iii. 

I  supplied  these  two  references  at  11  S. 
x.  255,  in  answer  to  a  similar  query. 

The  same  thought  is  presented  in  a  sermon 
of  Bishop  Sanderson  :  — 

"  Which  course  if  it  were  taken,  what  would 
become  of  many  thousands  in  the  world,  quibus 
anima  pro  sale  ?  who  like  swine  live  in  such  sensual 
and  unprofitable  sort,  as  we  might  well  doubt 
whether  they  had  any  living  souls  in  their  bodies 
at  all  or  no,  were  it  not  barely  for  this  one  argu- 
ment, that  their  bodies  are  a  degree  sweeter  than 
carrion."—'  Ad  Populum,'  Sermon  IV.,  §  15. 

The  proverbial  phrase  can  be  traced  to  a 
classical  source.  Bishop  Jacobson  in  his  j 


learned  edition  of  Sanderson's  Works,, 
vol.  iii.  p.  103,  quotes  a  passage  from  the 
'  Adagia  '  of  Hadrianus  Junius  (Adriaan  de 
Jonghe),  who  refers  to  Varro's  *  De  Re 
Rustica,'  ii.  4,  10,  where  we  are  told  of  a 
saying  about  pigs,  that  they  have  a  soul 
given  them  just  like  salt,  to  keep  their  flesh 
sweet ;  to  Pliny's  '  Natural  History,'  viii.  51 
(77),  207,  where  a  similar  saying  is  men- 
tioned ;  to  Cicero,  '  De  Finibus,'  v.  13,  38,. 
where  a  pig  is  said  to  have  had  a  soul  given 
it  "  pro  sale,  ne  putisceret  "  ;  and  to  Clement 
of  Alexandria,  '  Stromata,'  vii.  p.  516  A  in  the 
Ley  den  ed.  of  1616.  Clement  attributes  the 
saying  av0'  aAwv  avrovs  (sc.  rov<s  vs)  cj(€tv 
TYJV  \fa>x4v>  ^a  M  wKri  TO,  Kpea,  to  Cleanthes. 
Cicero  in  '  De  Natura  Deorum,'  ii.  64,  160, 
fathers  it  on  Chrysippus.  Finally  Plutarch 
in  his  '  Qusestiones  Convivales,'  v.  685c, 
ascribes  the  comparison  to  "  some  of  the 
Stoics,"  which  may  well  include  Chrysippus 
and  his  master,  Cleanthes.  Perhaps  philo- 
sophers have  been  unfair  to  the  pig. 

It  may  be  added  that  in  "  salillum  animse  " 
(  =  the  soul's  salt-cellar),  Plautus,    *  Tiinum- 
mus,'  492  (where,  however,  the  true  reading, 
is  uncertain),  some  have  seen  a  reference  to- 
this  same  notion.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

University  College,  Aberystwyth. 

[ DIEGO  and  MB.  C.  R.  MOORE  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 

LA  COTJB  ON  WINDMILL  POWER  IN  DEN- 
MARK (12  S.  iv.  331).— Prof.  Poul  La  Cour's 
paper  (in  Danish)  advocating  the  use  of 
windmills  for  generating  electricity  appeared- 
originally  in  the  Tekniske  Forenings  Tids- 
skrift  in' 1905.  and  reprints  of  it  in  pamphlet 
form.  The  society's  reading-room  is — or 
was  then — at  18  Vestre  Boulevard,  Copen- 
hagen. L.  L.  K. 

A  German  translation  of  La  Cour's  work 
can  be  consulted  in  the  Patent  Office  Libraryr- 
25  Southampton  Buildings,  London. 

E.  COLLINS. 

P.O.  Library. 

TOAD- JUICE  (12  S.  v.  70).— The  toad  was 
included  in  the  Edinburgh  pharmacopoeia 
of  1735.  but  it  was  the  whole  animal  that 
was  used.  It  was  dried  and  powdered  and 
given  internally,  chiefly  for  dropsy,  but  also 
as  an  antidote  for  poison — on  the  homoeo- 
pathic principle,  perhaps,  since  the  toad 
itself  was  poisonous.  Paracelsus  recom- 
mends toads,  boiled  alive  in  oil,  or  rather 
the  oil  in  which  they  have  been  boiled,  as 
an  application  for  morphew  and  obstinate 
ulcers.  The  stone  supposed  to  be  found  in 
the  toad's  head  was  used  chiefly  as  aiu 


104 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  APRIL,  1919. 


amulet,  as  a  preservativeTfrom  plague  and 
other  evils,  but  Lemery  believed  it  to  be 
-equally  efficacious,  as  probably  it  was, 
taken  internally  in  the  form  of  a  powder. 
I  have  not  met  in  any  professional  writer 
€kny  mention  of  such  use  of  the  toad  as  that 
you:  correspondent  speak?  of.  C.  C.  B. 

"  STATEROOM  "  =  PASSENGER'S  CABIN 
(12  S.  i.  307,  475).— To  the  examples  given 
:at  the  latter  reference  may  be  added  : — 

"  She  had  given  Oapt.  Whitefield  twenty 
Guineas  for  the  Great  Cabin  and  State  Boom. 
'The  Mother  and  Daughter  lay  there  ;  the  Lady's 
Woman  and  Maid  lay  in  a  little  Cabin  ;  the 
Youngkers  and  myself  lay  in  the  Hammocks, 
which  we  slung  and  unslung  in  the  great  Cabin 
Night  and  Morning,  before  the  Maids  went  to  Bed 
and  rose  again  ;  Mr.  Bolt  [a  servant]  lay  in  a 
little  Cabbin  in  the  Steerage  built  on  Purpose. 
Thus  our  Family  was  exceedingly  well  lodg'd." — 
•'  The  True  Anti-Pamela  :  or,  Memoirs  of  Mr. 
.James  Parry,'  1741,  p.  23.  i  '  '-'  **J 

The  ship  was  the  Two  Friends,  300  tons 
burden  ;  the  date  of  the  voyage  (Bristol  to 
•Charles-Town,  South  Carolina)  was  Novem- 
ber, 1727- January,  1728  (pp.  21,  22,  24). 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

BACK-MAGAZINE  DEALERS  (12  S.  v.  40). — 
With  reference  to  MR.  PIERPOINT' s  inquiry, 
I  append,  the  names  of  some  dealers  from 
whom  I  have  obtained  back  numbers  of 
magazines  :  — 

Mr.  George,  23  Jacob  Street,  Bermoridsey, 
;S.E. 

Mr.  Thorpe,  53  Ship  Street,  Brighton. 

Mr.  Humphreys,  71  High  Road,  Streatham, 
:S.W.16. 

A  list  of  such  booksellers  will  be  of  great 
-as  Distance  to  many.  W.  M.  CHUTE. 

Chiswick. 

Your  correspondent  will  probably  get 
what  he  wants  from  Messrs.  George,  108 
Hainault  Road,  London,  E.ll,  who  are 
making  a  speciality  of  sets,  runs,  and  missing 
Stems  of  British  periodical  literature. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKLE. 

MR.  PIERPOINT  may  like  to  know  that  I 
have  sometimes  been  successful  in  obtaining 
back  numbers  of  magazines  from  both 
Mr.  H.  Stead,  12A  Penfcon  Place,  Kennington, 
S.E.17,  arid  Messrs.  E.  George  &  Son, 
23  Jacob  Street,  S.E.I.  J.  R.  H. 

ANIMONY  TODD,  SECRETARY  OF  THE 
O.P.O.  (12  S.  iv.  11,  114).—  He  was  twice 
>mi.rrie  1.  One  wife  was  Anne,  daughter  of 
Oiirisboph.9:  Robinson  of  the  G.P.O.,  London 
<(a  m3nab8:-  of  a  Westmorland  family)  ; 
fciio  OoliDr  WAS  Eleanor,  eld3.st  daughter 


of  Richard  Smith,  Esq.,  of  Islington,  co. 
Middlesex.  The  latter  is  the  reputed  mother 
of  Lady  Lauderdale.  To  prove  this  can 
any  reader  give  date  of  either  of  these 
marriages  ?  What  is  the  inscription  on 
Anthony  Todd's  gravestone  at  Waltham- 
stow  ?  What  is  the  date  of  the  marriage 
contract  between  Anthony  Todd  and  Anne 
Robinson  mentioned  at  the  second  reference 
above  ?  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

DEACON  IN  LOVE  (12  S.  v.  42). — It  has 
occurred  to  me  that  if  the  comma  were 
placed  after  the  word  "  Deacon,"  instead 
of  after  the  word  "  love,"  the  meaning  of 
jhe  sentence  would  become  obvious  at  once. 
The  chantry  is  stated  to  have  been  well 
endowed ;  and  the  deacon  was  admitted 
bo  office  in  the  church  in  charity. 

FRANK  PENNY. 

EDWARD  HYDE,  D.D.  (12  S.  v.  69).— 
Edward  Hyde  was  rector  of  Brightwell,  and 
died  in  1658.  His  mother  was  Barbara 
Castilion  of  Benham  Valence,  Berks,  and 
she  died  in  1641. 

She  was  descended  from  "  Johanna 
Baptista  Castilion "  (sic),  who  was  of  a 
Piemontese  family,  originally  of  Dogliani, 
the  name  being  Castiglione,  from  the  place 
so  called  near  Turin.  He  was  granted  the 
manors  of  Wood-Speen  and  Benham  Valence 
in  1565  by  Queen  Elizabeth  "for  his  faith- 
ful services  to  her  in  her  ^troubles  "  ;  and 
in  the  church  at  Speen,  the  south  aisle  of 
which  is  called  "  Castillion,"  there  is  an 
altar -tomb  with  his  effigy  in  armour,  as 
also  one  to  Dame  Elizabeth  Castilion,  wife 
of  his  son  Sir  Francis  Castilion,  who  died  in 
1603.  John  Baptist's  father  was  Sir  Peter 
Castillion  of  Mantua.  The  present  repre- 
sentative of  the  family  is  II  Conte  di  Cas- 
tiglione Faletto.  CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield,  Reading. 

Edward  Hyde,  baptized  in  Salisbury 
Cathedral  May  12.  1606,  was  the  seventh  of 
the  twelve  sons  of  Laurence  Hyde  and 
Barbara  Castilian  his  wife.  There  is  a 
pedigree  of  the  Castilian  family  in  The 
Genealogist,  vol.  xvii.  p.  74.  She  was  a 
daughter  of  John  Baptiste  Castilian  of 
Benham,  Berks  ;  her  sister  Ann  married 
Laurence  Hyde's  elder  brother  Robert. 

Edward  Hyde  married  Anne,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Lambert,  and  had  two  daughters  : 
Margaret,  who  married  William  Hearst,  and 
Anna,  who  married  Richard  Coleman.  See 
Wilts  Notes  and  Queries,  vol.  vi;  p.  435. 

J.  J.  H. 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Edward  Hyde  was  baptized  May  10,  1607, 
and  buried  Aug.  6,  1659.  He  married  Ann, 
daughter  of  Thomas  Lambert  (?  of  Boyton, 
Wilts),  and  had  two  daughters.  See  'Notes 
on  the  Hydes  of  Wilts  and  Cheshire,'  by 
J.  J.  Hammond  (of  Salisbury),  Wilts  N.  &  Q., 
vol.  vi.  pp.  342,  435. 

JOHN  WATSON-TAYLOR. 

Wellington  Club,  S.W.I. 

THE  '  NEW  ENGLISH  DICTIONARY  '  : 
CHANGES  IN  ACCENTUATION  (12  S.  v.  32). — 
The  quite  common  di'vine  and  se'rene  are 
not  noticed  ;  nor  is  Thomson's  ma'nure  (vb.), 
though  that  stress  is  recorded  for  the  noun  : 
nor  are  Keats' s  de'vout  and  vibra'te  :  nor 
Milton's  infi'nite  and  a'mbitious.  PROF. 
STOCKLEY  might  have  quoted  Cowper  and 
Collins  for  acce'ss.  The  Dictionary  gives 
three  references  for  one-sidedness.  PROF. 
STOCKLEY' s  is  earlier  than  any  of  these,  but 
1  had  anticipated  him  in  my  sixth  letter  to 
The  Times  Literary  Supplement. 

GEORGE  G.  LOANE. 
4  Linriell  Close,  N.W.4. 

HEDGEHOGS  (12  S.  iv.  76,  140). — MR. 
SELF  WEEKS' s  information  upon  this  sub- 
ject is  valuable  no  less  to  the  naturalist 
than  to  the  local  historian.  One  remark 
needs  enlightenment  :  "  The  hedgehog  was 
destroyed  because  it  was  (and  in  some  places 
still  is)  popularly  sLpposed  to  suck  the 
udders  of  cows,  and  abstract  the  milk." 
I  am  so  fortunate  as  to  be  able  to  prove 
the  Elizabethans  right,  and  modern  zoolo- 
gists wrong,  respecting  this  long-moot  point  : 
John  Cockaday  of  the  Queen's  Head  Hotel 
at  Stradbroke  in  Suffolk  wrote  to  me  in 
September,  1911,  that  he  "has  on  several 
occasions  .seen  a  hedgehog  sucking  a  cow, 
when  farming  on  Mr.  Eustace  Gurney's 
Sproston  Hall  estate  in  Norfolk."  Such 
direct  evidence  was  of  capital  value, .  and 
I  called  on  the  28th  of  that  month  at  the 
hotel,  when  Cockaday,  a  hard-headed 
countryman,  gave  me  these  circumstantial 
details,  v.v.  :  Five  years  ago  (1906)  he 
noticed  a  cow  lying  down,  and,  on  approach- 
ing, that  a  hedgehog — very  common  in  that 
district — was  sucking  the  udder.  This  was 
distinctly  visible  at  fifteen  or  twenty  yards, 
and  the  contraction  of  the  cheeks  in  the 
act  of  suction  also  was  evident.  The 
important  point  noticed  was  that  only  the 
extremity  of  the  mouth  touched  the  teat, 
and  the  teeth  were  not  in  contact  at  all, 
which  obviates  the  theory  advanced  by 
many  naturalists  that  their  conformation 
precluded  the  possibility  of  such  sucking 
habit.  In  this  ca.se,  after  a  short  time 


the  teeth  would  appear  to  have  actually 
come  into  play,  for  the  cow  jumped  to  her 
feet  in  a  fright  and  kicked  vigorously  at  the 
hedgehog,  which  Cockaday' s  dog  promptly 
slew.  Folk-lorists  will,  consequently,  have 
to  relinquish  this  erstwhile  "  superstition  "  f 

CLAUDE  MORLEY,  F.E.S.,  F.Z.S. 
Monk  Soham  House,  Suffolk. 

'  IRRELAGH  ;  OR,  THE  LAST  OF  THE 
CHIEFS  '  (12  S.  v.  69).— I  am  able,  through 
the  kindness  of  Dr.  Crone,  editor  of  tue- 
Irish  Book-Lover,  to  reply  to  my  own  query. 
The  authoress  was  a  Miss  E.  Colthurst,  and 
the  volume  was  published  by  Houlston  & 
Stoneman.  It  may  be  added  that  the  story 
was  evidently  written  in  the  interests  of  the 
Irish  Society  (now  amalgamated  with  the 
Irish  Church  Missions),  that  the  type  is 
excellent,  the  punctuation  execrable,  and 
the  dialogue  irritatingly  run  into  the  context- 
without  distinction  of  lines.  Otherwise  the 
novel  is  well  composed  and*  the  characters 
are  interesting  and  well  drawn. 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

VAUVENARGUES  :  "  LA  CLARTE  EST  LA. 
BONNE  FOI  DES  PHILOSOPHES  "  (12  S.  V.  39). 
— This  fine  maxim  will  be  found  in  the 
'  Per. sees  diverses  '  of  Vauvenargues.  In 
my  edition  ( '  (Euvres  Choisies  ' )  it  is  num- 
bered 372 ;  and  followed  by  the  equally 
true  "  La  nettete  est  le  vernis  des  maitres." 
The  'Pensees'  follow  the  'Reflexions  et 
Maximes,'  of  which  those  quoted  are 
nos.  4  and  5.  GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

21  Parkfield  Road,  Liverpool. 

PRE-RAPHAELITE  STAINED  GLASS  (12  S... 
iv.  217,  337  ;  v.  74).— There  are  few  churches- 
in  which  the  development  of  this  glass  can 
be  studied  so  well  as  in  that  of  Middleton 
Cheney  in  Buckinghamshire,  not  far  from 
Banbury.  The  whole  of  the  windows  in 
the  church,  if  I  remember  rightly,  are  filled 
with  it.  The  east  window  must  have  been 
designed  before  Morris  realized  that  the 
shape  of  the  pieces  of  glass  was  an  important 
matter.  As  you  approach  the  window 
from  the  west  the  effect  is  much  damaged1 
by  a  large  irregular-shaped  piece  of  light 
glass  which  includes  Moses's  head  (and 
horns)  and  beard.  When  you  get  up  close 
to  the  window  you  lose  this,  and  appreciate 
the  excellence  of  the  drawing  on  the  surface 
of  *he  glass.  The  windows  in  the  north 
aisle  are  of  the  same  general  character,  but 
more  care  has  been  taken  with  the  size  and 
shape  of  the  pieces  of  glass.  The  artists,, 
however,  learnt  to  rely  less  upon  drawing.,. 


106 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [iss.\r.A™iL.  win. 


more  upon  the  effect  of  masses  of  well- 
dispersed  colour.  In  the  west  window  are 
three  large  and  magnificent  figures  of  the 
three  children  in  the  furnace.  The  general 
disposition  is  not  unlike  the  Faith,  Hope, 
and  Charity  of  the  west  window  in  the 
:«outh  ahle  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral  ; 
but  when  on  a  summer  evening  the  window 
is  glorified  by  the  red  rays  of  the  setting 
sun,  it  gives  the  spectator  an  idea  of  what 
the  best  stained  glass  in  a  suitable  position 
can  produce  in  the  way  of  brilliance  of  effect. 

JOHN  R.  MAGRATH. 
Queen's  College,  Oxford. 

ABANAZAR  (12  S.  v.  68)- — Abanazar  is  the 
name  of  the  African  magician  in  the  story  of 
Aladdin  in  the  '  Arabian  Nights.' 

WlLLOUGHBY    MAYCOCK. 

OATH  OF  FEALTY:  EDWARD  III.  (12  S. 
v.  9). — Froissarb  states  :  — 

"  It  appears  to  me  that  King  Edward  at  that 
time  did  homage  by  mouth  and  words,  but  without 
placing  his  hands  in  the  hands  of  the  King  of 
France,  or  any  prince,  prelate,  or  representative 
doing  it  for  him.  And  the  King  of  England  by 
the  advice  of  his  Council  would  not  proceed 
further  in  this  business  until  he  should  be 
returned  to  England,  and  have  examined  the 
privileges  of  old  times  to  clear  up  this  homage, 
and  see  by  what  means  a  King  of  England  was 
.•a  vassal  to  the  King  of  France." 

For  further  particulars  of  the  corre- 
spondence and  its  results  see  the  rest  of 
•  chap,  xxiii.  of  the  '  Chronicles,'  translated 
by  Thomas  Johnes  (1803)  ;  also  Rymer, 
anno  1329,  who  gives  a  copy  of  the  original 
instrument  of  the  homage,  besides  another 
document  which  Froissart  appears  to  have 
consulted.  N.  W.  HILT.. 

BURIAL  AT  SEA  :  FOUR  GUNS  FIRED  FOR 
AN  OFFICER  (12  S.  v.  38).  —  The  following 
notes  occur  in  tho  Diary  of  Henry  Toonge, 
who  was  Chaplain  of  H.M.S.  Assistance, 
Bristol,  and  Royal  Oak,  1675-1679.  c 

The  custom  of  saluting  with  an  odd 
number  of  guns  appears  to  have  been 
observed  from  a  very  early  period  :  the 
origin  of  the  usage,  as  peculiar  to  the  Navy, 
is  not  ascertained  ;  but  it  probably  arose 
from  the  predilection  in  favour  of  odd 
numbers,  which  has  existed  from  a  very 
remote  antiquity.  Brand,  in  his  '  Ob- 
servations upon  Popular  Antiquities,'  says : 
*'  Salutes  with  cannon  consist  of  odd  num- 
bers ;  this  predilection  for  odd  numbers 
is  very  ancient,  and  is  mentioned  by  Virgil 
in  his  8th  Eclogue." 

In  a  MS.  '  Discourse  on  Marine  Affairs,' 
an  the  Harleian  Collection  (no.  1341),  the 


ceremony  used  on  board  upon  the^depar- 
ture  of  any  personage  of  high  rank  or 
command  in  the  Navy  is  fully  described, 
and  concludes  thus  :  — 

"  Bt-inge  againe  returned  intoe  his  barge,  after 
that  the  trumpets  have  sounded  a  loathe  to 
Departe,  and  that  the  barge  is  falne  oft  a  fitt  and 
faire  birthe  and  distance  from  the  shippe  side, 
hee  is  toe  bee  saluted  with  soe  manie  gunns  for 
an  adieu,  as  the  shippe  is  able  toe  give,  provided 
that  they  bee  alwaies  of  an  odd  number.  The 
odd  number  is,  in  these  wayes  of  salute  and 
ceremonie,  soe  observable  at-  sea,  that  whenso- 
ever anie  gunnes  are  given  in  an  even  nomber, 
it  is  received  for  an  infallible  expression  that 
either  the  Captaine,  or  master,  or  master  gunner  is 
dead  in  the  voiage.  It  is  a  generall  custome 
alsoe  uppon  the  deathe  either  of  the  captaine, 
master,  master  gunner  of  the  shippe,  or  anie 
other  propre  officer,  when  the  corpse  is  toe  bee 
throwne  overboarde,  to  ring  his  knell  and  fare- 
well with  some  gunns,  the  which  are  allwaies  to 
bee  of  an  even  nomber." 

A.  G.  KEALY, 
Chaple.in,  R.N.,  retd. 

Bedford. 

RAIN  AND  MOWING  (12  S.  v.  41,  81). — 
I  have  heard  a  similar  saying  in  the  countiy 
districts  of  Durham  and  Northumberland, 
applied  indiscriminately,  not  to  any  par- 
ticular field,  but  to  farmers  who  are  not  too 
sharp  in  getting  on  with  their  hay  while  tho 
weather  is  fine,  as  "  O,  it's  sure  to  rain  ; 
old  Johnson's  on  with  his  hay." 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Conaett,  co.  Durham."] 

KENT  FAMILY  OF  WINCHESTER  AND 
READING  (12  S.  iv.  187,  274;  v.  52).— 
Clement  Kent,  M.P.  Wallingford,  1705-8, 
and  Reading  1722-7,  High  Sheriff,  Berks, 
Nov.,  1714,  inherited  from  his  grandfather 
Sebastian  Lyford  the  manor  of  Crokeham, 
Berks,  which,  however,  he  afterwards  sold 
to  Bulstrode  Peachey  Knight,  M.P.  He 
matriculated  from  Balliol  College,  Oxford, 
June  12,  1700,  aged  17  (Foster's  '  Alumni 
Oxon.'),  was  admitted  to  the  Inner  Temple, 
Nov.  16,  1700  (Registers),  and  was  serving 
in  1706  as  captain -lieutenant  of  the  regiment 
of  foot  raised  on  Ma~ch  1,  1704,  in  Ireland, 
by  Lord  Henry  Scott  (afterwards  Earl  of 
Deloraine).  He  was  promoted  to  captain 
in  Sir  Daniel  O' Carrol's  regiment  of  Dragoons 
in  1709,  but  placed  on  half -pay  at  the 
Peace  of  Utrecht  in  1712.  He  again  went 
on  full  pay  as  captain  of  an  additional  troop 
in  Brigadier -General  Philip  Honywood's 
(llth)  regiment  of  Dragoons  on  Dec.  25, 
1726  (Dalton,  vol.  viii.),  and  probably  went 
on  half-pay  again  when  his  troop  was 
reduced  in  1729.  When  examined  by  a 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


107 


Board  of  General  Officers  on  May  11,  1726, 
he  stated  that  his  age  was  41  years,  with 
16  years'  service,  and  that  he  had  seen 
service  in  Portugal.  Two  other  Kents  were 
in  the  army.  James  Kent,  ensign  in  37th 
Foot,  June  25,  1704,  lieutenant  June  29, 
1708,  was  wounded  at  Blenheim,  1704,  for 
which  he  received  22Z.  bounty,  and  was  also 
wounded  at  Schellenberg,  and  served  at 
Malplaquet.  Richard  Kent  was  made  ensign 
in  the  12th  Foot,  April  17,  1716. 

Then,  again,  there  was  Samuel  Kent, 
M.P.  Ipswich,  1734,  till  he  died  Oct.  8, 
1759,  aged  76.  He  was  distiller  to  the 
Court  in  1739  (Gent.  Mag.)  ;  Purveyor  of 
Chelsea  Hospital  (500Z.  a  year),  September, 
1740,  till  death  ;  a  Commissioner  of  Lieu- 
tenancy for  London,  June  21,  1740.  He 
was  of  Lambeth,  and  Fornham  St.  Gene- 
vieve,  Suffolk,  and  son  of  Thomas  Kent,  a 
Norway  merchant  (who  was  son  of  Griffith 
Kent,  also  a  Norway  merchant)/  This 
Samuel  had  a  son  of  the  same  name,  and  a 
daughter  Sarah  (heiress  to  her  brother), 
who  was  married  Jan.  29,  1743,  "  with 
15,OOOZ.,"  to  Sir  Charles  Eagleton,  Knt., 
a  London  merchant,  Sheriff  1743,  who  died 
April  25,  1769.  Their  only  son  Sir  Charles 
Kent  (M.P.  Thetford,  1784-^0,  created  a 
baronet,  Aug.  16,  1782,  of  Wadworth, 
Yorks,  and  Fornham),  born  about  1744, 
married,  in  or  before  1783,  Mary,  eldest 
daughter  and  coheiress  of  Josiah  Words- 
worth of  Wadworth,  Yorks,  and  Sevenscore, 
Kent.  He  took  the  surname  of  Kent  under 
his  maternal  grandfather's  will,  on  succeed- 
ing to  his  estates  at  the  death  of  his  uncle 
Thomas  Kent  of  Camberwell  (who  died  unm. 
May  15,  1766,  aged  59),  and  d.  at  Grantham, 
March  14,  1811,  aged  67.  He  was  buried  at 
Wadworth,  and  his  will  proved  1811. 

W.  R.  W. 

LONDON-PARIS  AIRSHIP  (12  S.  v.  58). — 
Possibly  this  extract  from  Peter  Parley's 
'  Tales  about  Great  Britain  and  Ireland,' 
published  by  Tegg,  London,  1839,  and 
written  after  the  author's  visit  for  the 
coronation  of  Queen  Victoria,  may  help  :  — 

"  Since  my  return  to  America  I  have  heard  o: 
an  aerial  ship,  that  has  been  shown  in  England 
This  ship,  no  less  than  one  hundred  and  sixty  feel 
long,  fifty  high,  and  forty  wide,  is  said  to  be 
intended  to  establish  direct  communications 
between  the  capitals  of  Europe,  by  sailing  through 
the  air.  Its  crew  is  to  consist  of  seventeen  men 
besides  which  it  is  to  carry  many  passengers 
The  balloon  part  of  the  ship,  to  be  filled  with  gas 
is  very  large,  and  to  the  body  of  the  car  part 
below,  there  are  attached  large  flappers,  or  wings 
which  have  a  very  curious  appearance.  In  a 
common  balloon,  ballast  is  thrown  out,  if  tb 


balloon  is  wanted  to  go  higher,  and  gas  lej;  outr 
when  it  is  required  to  descend  ;  but  the  contrivance 
in  the  aerial  ship  is  quite  different.  There  is  a 
method  planned,  to  render  the  car  part  of  the 
ship  heavier  and  lighter,  by  expelling  and  drawing 
in  the  air  just  in  the  same  way  that  a  fish  does 
when  it  wants  to  sink  or  swim  in  the  water.  I 
have'not  yet  heard  of  this  aerial  ship  having  made 
a  voyage  across  the  British  Channel  :  when  I 
hear  of  it,  I  will  tell  you  all  about  it." 

The  above  account  supplies  some  amount 
f  detail,  and  is  accompanied  (p.  337)  by  a 
^ell-executed  wood  engraving  differing  in 
some  respects  from  the  handbill  reproduced 
n  '  N.  &  Q.'  The  "  Peter  Parley  "  illus- 
tration appears  to  indicate  light  wings 
attached  to  the  body  of  the  ship  (assuming 
wings  equally  fixed  on  both  its  sides),, 
whilst  only  one  of  the  ends  of  the  car  has 
its  wing  attached.  Presumably,  the  account 
now  quoted  applies  to  "  The  Eagle  "  of  the 
handbill  ;  but  it  may  have  had  a  successor 
between  1835  and  1839  with  some  alterations 
in  construction.  W.  B.  H. 

BYRONIC  STATUE  IN  FLEET  STREET  (12  S. 
v.  40,  82). — At  the  latter  reference  it  is  sug- 
gested   that    Sir    John    Sinclair    may    have 
aused  the  statue  of  Kaled  to  be  erected. 

So  far  as  my  memory  serves,  the  existing 
building  at  the  corner  of  Chancery  Lane 
was  erected  in  the  early  eighties,  The 
Builder  and  other  journals  discussing  its 
appearance  and  the  Byronic  statue. 

In  1906  Sir  John  Sinclair  wrote  me  on  the- 
subject  of  his  commemorative  buildings  in 
Fleet  Street  ;  but  no.  193  was  not  included, 
and  I  am  confident  it  predates  his  earliest 
enterprise  by  ten  years  or  more. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

BISHOPS  OF  THE  FIFTEENTH  CENTURY 
(12  S.  iv.  330). — According  to  Gams,'  Series 
Episcoporum,'  George  Bran,  Bishop  of 
Dromore,  was  translated  to  Elphin  on 
April  15,  1499.  He  is  followed  in  the  li&t 
by  a  nebulous  William  in  1500  ;  he  in  turn, 
by  a  Galeatiiis  in  "  15— ?  "  ;  and  on  June  12, 
1504,  by  a  Joannes  Baptista.  References 
are  given. 

As  regards  the  mysterious  William.  Bishop 
of  Pharos  (Lesina),  a  Beiivenutus  occupied 
the  see  from  1385  to  about  1410,  and  a 
Georgius  in  1412.  Between  the  two  names 
there  is  a  note  "  sedes  vacat."  But  Eubel 
in  his  '  Hierarchia  Catholica  Medii  Mvi ' 
has  a  note  that  Georgius  succeeded  Ben-^ 
venutus  in  the  see  on  this  prelate's  death. 

Neither  Gams  nor  Eubel  seems  to  know 
anything  about  John,  Bishop  of  Philip- 
popolis  circa  1453.  He  probably  belonged 
to  the  Greek  Church.  L.  L.  K. 


108 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  APRIL,  1919. 


"  RAIN  CATS  AND  DOGS  "  (12  S.  iv.  328).— 
'The  expression  in  the  North  of  England  is 
"*'  raining  cats  and  dogs,"  and  is  used  during 
a  heavy  downpour  of  rain.  In  Northern 
mythology  a  cat  is  said  to  be  influenced  by 
the  coming  storm.  Without  warning,  it 
will  spring  from  its  cosy  sleeping-place  and 
-commence  capering  round  the  house  ;  then 
it  is  said  to  "  have  a  gale  in  its  tail."  Has 
the  expression  an  origin  with  cats  and  dogs 
pattering  across  a  bare  boarded  floor, 
strangely  resembling  the  sound  of  a  heavy 
downpour  of  rain  ?  A.  E.  OTJGHTRED. 
Hartlepool. 

PROF.  DE  MORGAN'S  contention,  men- 
tioned in  the  editorial  note,  is  borne  out  by 
the  French  equivalent  of  this  proverb  : 
pleuvoir  des  hallebardes  or  des  rasoirs.  The 
former  is  sometimes  extended  to  pleuvoir 
des  hallebardes  la  pointe  en  has.  This  is  no 
recent  invention,  for  it  is  found  as  a  well- 
known  expression  in  Joseph  Pankouke's 
4  Dictionnaire  des  Proverbes  fransois,'  Paris, 
1749.  DE  V.  PAYEN-PAYNE. 

Is  this  expression  due  to  anything  more 
than  a  bold  flight  of  imagination  in  which  a 
heavy  downfall  of  rain  is  likened  to  a  shower 
of  dead  cats  and  dogs  ?  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Lines. 

THE  ST.  HELENA  '  LIFE  OF  MARLBOROUGH  ' 
(12  S.  v.  70). — Is  the  following  the  work 
required  by  SIR  LEES  KNOWI.ES  ? 

"  Histoire  de  Jean  Churchill,  Due  de  Marl- 
borough  [composed  principally  by  Madgett, 
edited  and  enlarged  by  the  Abbe  J.  F.  H.  Dutems]. 
3  tomes.  Paris.  1806." 

Abbe  Dutems  was  Professor  of  History  at 
the  College  de  France.  It  is  the  only  life 
of  Churchill  that  I  can  trace  as  being' pub- 
lished in  Paris  in  1806,  and  a  copy  may  be 
seen  at  the  British  Museum,  or  at  the  John 
Rylands  Library,  Manchester. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

"CAMOUFLAGE"  (12  S.  v.  42,  70).—  The 
Observer  of  March  2  in  an  article  called  '  The 
Three  Grades  of  Disguise  :  Camouflage, 
Dazzle,  and  Disruption,'  after  describing  the 
methods  of  concealment  adopted  by  artists 
for  guns,  &c.,  at  the  front,  had  the  follow- 
ing :— 

"  Camouflage  was  a  word  coined  and  used  by 
the  Paris   Apaches   to   express   their  method   of 
making  a   quick  disguise,  or  an  alteration  of  a 
disguise,  but  as  practised  in  the  British  army  it 
came  to  mean  something  more  subtle  :  a  conceal- 
dng  of  the  fact  that  something  was  concealed." 
Can  this  statement  a-3  to  the  origin  of  the 
word  be  supported  ?  J.  R.  H. 


'  THE  POOR  THRESHER,'  SONG  ATTRI- 
BUTED TO  BURNS  (12  S.  v.  66)'. — MR. 
STRATTON  asks  about  the  song  '  The  Poor 
Thresher, '-attributed  to  Burns  by  the  com- 
piler of  a  glossary.  The  ballad  is  far  older 
than  the  time  of  Burns.  It  appears  in  a 
seventeen -stanza  form  on  a  black -let  her 
broadside  in  the  Roxburghe  Collection,  under 
the  title  of  '  The  Nobleman's  generous 
Kindness,'  &c.  Since  the  seventeenth  cen- 
tury it  has  remained  a  great  favourite  with 
printers  of  ballad-sheets.  Johnson  included 
a  sixteen-stanza  broadside  version  in  his 
'  Scots  Musical  Museum.'  It  is  there  de- 
scribed as  having  been 

*  transmitted  by  Burns,  in  his  own  handwriting, 
to  Johnson.  In  a  note  accompanying  it,  the  bard 
says,  '  /  iis  rather  too  long,  but  it  i«  very  pretty,  and 
never,  that  I  know  o/,  ivas  printed  before. ' ' 

The  ballad  of  '  The  Poor  Thresher  '  is  known 
to  most  country  singers,  and  is  to  be  found 
wedded  to  fine  tunes  in  '  Sussex  Songs ' 
(Broadwood,  1889)  and  '  English  County 
Songs  '  (Broadwood  and  Fuller-Maitland, 
1893)  ;  also  in  the  Journal  of  the  Folk-Song 
Society  and  various  other  more  recent  collec- 
tions. LUCY  E.  BROADWOOD. 

"  NABLETTE  "  :  "  BONTEFEU  "  (12  S. 
v.  66). — See  the  note  on  Book  IV.  sect.  198, 
1.  3,  in  the  bost  edition  of  Clarendon's 
'  History  ' — that  of  Mr.  W.  D.  Macray,  who 
writes  as  follows  :  — 

"  In  the  recent  editions  this  line  is  printed, 
'  laden  with  nabletts  and  murderers,  and  dressed 
up  with  waist-clothes.'  Tne  word  nabletts  is  a 
misreading  of  rablettes,  which  is  the  word  really 
but  obscurely  written  in  the  MSS.,  and  which  is 
another  form  of  rabonets,  the  name  of  a  small  kind 
of  ordnance.  And  wast-clothes  is  Clarendon's 
change  of  a  word  found  in  the  King's  Declaration 
of  Aug.  12....'  ....one  hundred  lighters  and 
long-boats  were  set  out  by  water,  laden  with 
sacres,  murdering  peeces,  and  other  ammunition, 
dressed  up  with  mast-clothes  and  streamers  as 
ready  for  fight.'  But  the  alteration  was,  no  doubt, 
intentional  by  Clarendon,  wast-doths  being  an 
obsolete  term  used  for  cloths  hung  round  the  sides 
of  a  ship  to  hide  the  crew  from  enemies  ;  for  which 
possibly  mast-cloths  was  used  as  synonymous. 
In  the  transcript  from  which  the  first  folio  edition 
was  printed,,  the  words  '  small  pieces  of  ordnance  ' 
are  substituted  for  the  words  '  rabletts  and 
murderers '...." — Vol.  i.  p.  599. 

The  '  N.E.D.'  gives  several  quotations 
for  this  obsolete  sense  of  "  murderer,"  a 
small  cannon  or  mortar ;  and  from  the 
same  work  it  will  be  seen  that  "  Rablett," 
which  is  a  very  Proteus  in  its  changing 
forms,  is  really  the  old  French  "  Robinet," 
a  diminutive  of  the  personal  name  Robin. 

"  Bontefeu  "  should  be  "  Boutefeu,"  an 
incendiary,  firebrand.  The  *  N.E.D.,'  while 


12  S.  V.  APRIL,  1919"] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


109 


giving    numerous    instances    of    this    word, 
which  it  describes  as  very  common  in  the 
seventeenth  century,  somehow  contrives  to 
omit    the    one    example   which    is   probably 
most  familiar  to  students  of  literature  :  — 
But  we,  who  onely  do  infuse 
The  Rage  in  them  like  Boute-feus. 

'  Hudibras,'    I.    i.    785-6. 

There  is  a  characteristic  note  on  this  in  the 
*  Annotations  '  to  the  poem  :  — 

"  Bout-feus  is  a  French  word,  and  therefore 
it  were  uncivil  to  suppose  any  English  Person 
(especially  of  Quality)  ignorant  of  it,  or  so  ill-bred 
as  to  need  an  Exposition." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

[W.  A.  B.  C.  and  MB.  W.  A.  HUTCHISON  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

ANDREW  B.  WRIGHT,  LOCAL  HISTORIAN 
AND  ACTOR  (12  S.  v.  14,  78). — Andrew  Biggs 
Wright  was  the  son  of  George  Wright,  actor, 
of  Carlisle  ;  was  born  there  in  1796  ;  was  a 
travelling  actor  and  tragedian,  and  a 
Bohemian  journalist,  contributing  to  the 
press  of  the  towns  in  which  he  performed  ; 
died  at  Bexley,  Kent,  March  3,  1852, 
aged  56.  He  was  author  of  (1)  '  An  Essay 
towards  a  History  of  Hexham  [Northumber- 
land],' in  three  parts  (Alnwiek,  1823),  8vo, 
pp.  xi— 246.  Dedicated  to  the  Rev.  Robert 
Clarke,  A.M.,  Lecturer  of  Hexham  (1801-18), 
member  of  the  Newcastle  Antiquarian  Society, 
&c.  (2)  '  Elegiac  Verses  upon  the  Murder  of 
Joseph  Hedley,  alias  Joe  the  Quilter  '  (which 
occurred  near  Warden,  Northumberland, 
Jan.  3,  1826) — 1826,  broadsheet. 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

HAMPSHIRE  CHURCH  BELLS  AND  THEIR 
FOUNDERS  (12  S.  iv.  188,  341  ;  v.  44).— 
I  have  read  with  much  interest  DR.  WHITE  - 
HEAD'S  notes  on  the  subject  of  the  bell- 
founders  R.  B.  and  I.  H.,  and  regret  that 
I  cannot  at  present  throw  any  further  light 
on  their  identity.  Besides  the  bells  in 
Hants  by  these  founders,  I  have  notes  of 
one  in  Dorset  and  six  in  Wilts  by  R.  B.,  and 
three  in  the  latter  county  by  I.  H.  J  should 
also  like  to  point  out,  in  fairness  to  Dr. 
Tyssen,  that  he  is  the  author  of  the  sug- 
gestion that  John  Higden  was  Carterrs 
assistant  at  Reading  (see  his  '  Sussex  Bells,' 
p.  44  of  the  original  edition). 

I  am  strongly  in  support  of  Mr.  A.  H. 
Cocks's  opinion  that  geographical  distribu- 
tion is  an  important  factor  in  determining 
the  locality  in  which  a  group  of  bells  were 
made.  If  we  apply  the  test  in  the  present 
case  we  obtain  the  following  results  :  — 

(1)  R.  B.'s  bells  between  1595  and  1624 
aie  nearly  all  to  be  found  in  South  Hants 


and  South  Wilts,  and^out  of  the  total  of 
29,  17  are  in  South  Hants  or  the  Isle  of 
Wight.  Against  this  we  have  three  in 
North  Hants,  two  in  North  Wilts,  and  one 
in  Dorset. 

(2)  Out  of  23  known  bells  by  I.  H.  there 
are  16  in  South  Hants,  three  in  South  Wilts, 
and  two  in  West  Sussex,  as  against  two  in 
North  Hants. 

This  clearly  points  to  Winchester  or 
Southampton  as  the  locality  of  the  foundry. 
I  have  excluded  the  R.  B.  b^lls  in  SUPFOX, 
as  apparently  they  are  by  another  (local) 
founder.  It  is  possible  that  Anthony  Bond 
had  some  connexion  with  R.  B.,  but  we  have 
no  direct  evidence,  beyond  the  circumstance 
that  his  bells  are  found  in  the  same  localities. 

The  most  promising  chance  of  identi- 
fying these  founders,  or  at  all  events  of 
ascertaining  where  they  worked,  would  be- 
by  the  investigation  of  churchwardens' 
accounts.  If  DR.  WHITEHEAD  could  ascer- 
tain which  of  the  parishes  now  or  recently 
possessing  bells  by  R.  B.  or  I.  H.  have  old 
accounts  of  the  period  remaining,  a  search 
would  probably  result  in  unearthing*  the 
name  of  the  place  whence  the  founder  came, 
even  if  the  bells  were  cast  on  the  spot,  and 
possibly  also  the  founder's  name,  though 
that  is  not  always  given. 

H.  B.  WALTERS. 

FINKLE  STREET  (12  S.  v.  69). — I  can  supply 
J.  T.  F.  with  two  more  examples.  One  is  in 
the  coast  town  of  Workington,  Cumberland, 
and  the  other  in  Carlisle,  the  chief  town  of 
the  same  county.  I  can  give  no  explanation 
of  the  name  Finkle,  but  in  the  case  of  one 
of  the  streets  mentioned  above  there  is  a 
bend  or  curve.  F.  W. 

BELL  AND  SHOULDER  INN  (12  S.  iv.  326). 
—This  sign  is  doubtless  a  compound  oner 
formed  by  the  union  of  the  sign  of  the  Bell 
with  that  of  the  Shoulder  of  Mutton,  though 
for  brevity's  sake  the  words  "  of  Mutton  " 
have  been  dropped. 

The  Bell  is  a  very  common  sign,  and 
there  will  immediately  occur  to  every  one 
the  recollection  of  the  Bell  at  Edmonton, 
immortalized  in  the  story  of  John  Gilpin's 
ride.  The  Shoulder  of  Mutton  is  also  no 
uncommon  sign.  It  was  at  the  Shoulder 
of  Mutton  at  Brecknock  that  Mrs.  Siddons, 
England's  greatest  tragic  actress,  was  born 
July  14,  1755.  "  Fancy,"  writes  an  en- 
thusiastic biographer,  "  the  English  Mel- 
pomene behind  the  bar  of  such  a  place  !  " 
There  is,  or  was  till  lately,  a  Shoulder  of 
Mutton  Inn  at  Newport,  Isle  of  Wight,, 
facing  the  mill-pond  behind  Ford  Mill  there.. 


110 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.        [12 s. v.  APRIL,  19.9. 


My  father  used  to  tell  me  that  in  former 
days,  when  the  municipal  authorities  walked 
the  bounds  of  the  borough,  a  man  named 
Toby  Townsend  was  employed  to  trace  the 
more  inaccessible  parts  of  the  boundary, 
and  that  in  the  course  of  his  task  he  had  to 
wade  through  the  whole  length  of  the  before- 
mentioned  mill-pond.  My  father  said  that 
when  Toby  got  opposite  the  Shoulder  of 
Mutton  he  always  came  out  of  the  pond 
and  went  into  that  hostelry  for  a  refresher, 
and  this  done  he  re-entered  the  water  and 
resumed  his  perambulation  up  the  centre 
of  the  pond. 

The  Bell  is  frequently  found  in  com- 
bination with  another  sign.  Messrs.  Lar- 
wood  and  Hotten,  '  History  of  Signboards  ' 
(Chatto  <fe  Windus,  1898),  while  not 
noticing  the  Bell  and  Shoulder,  mention  the 
Bell  and  Anchor  at  Hammersmith  ;  the 
Bell  and  Lion  at  Crewe  ;  the  Bell  and 
Bullock  at  Netherem,  Penrith  ;  the  Bell 
and  Cuckoo  at  Erdington,  near  Birmingham  ; 
the  Bell  and  Candlestick  at  Birmingham  ; 
and  several  other  combinations. 

They  also  record  the  Shoulder  of  Mutton 
and  Cucumbers  at  Yapton,  Arundel,  and  the 
Shoulder  of  Mutton  and  Cat  at  Hackney. 
The  signboard  of  the  latter  formerly  had 
the  following  rhymes  on  it  :  — 

Pray,  Puss,  don't  tear, 

For  the  mutton  is  so  dear  ; 

Pray,  Puss,  don't  claw, 

For  the  mutton  yet  is  raw. 
Various  reasons  have  been  advanced  for 
these  combined  signs.  Messrs.  Larwood 
and  Hotten  point  out  that  at  the  beginning 
of  the  seventeenth  century  pigns  had  no 
combinations,  while  a  century  later  very 
heterogeneous  objects  joined  together  are 
met  with.  They  suggest  that  many  of  the 
strange  combinations  may  have  arisen 
(1)  from  mistakes  as  to  the  objects  which 
the  signboard  portrayed,  or  (2)  from,  mis- 
pronunciation, e.g.,  the  Shovel  and  Boot 
might  be  a  mistake  for  the  Shovel  and  Boat, 
a3  the  Shovel  and  Ship  is  a  common  sign  in 
place 5  where  grain  is  carried  by  canal  boats, 
(3)  Whimsical  persons  would  frequently  aim 
at  the  most  odd  combination  they  could 
imagine,  for  no  other  reason  than  to  attract 
attention. 

They  also  refer  to  another  reason  for 
combination  of  signs,  which  is  given  in  an 
article  in  The  Spectator,  No.  28,  April  2,  1710, 
where  the  writer  states 

"  that  it  is  usual  for  a  young  tradesman,  at  his 
first  setting  up,  to  add  to  his  own  sign  that  of  the 
master  whom  he  served,  as  the  husband,  after 
marriage,  gives  a  place  to  his  mistress's  arms  in 
his  own  coat." 


Yet  another  cause  of  "  quartering  "  signs 
was  that  it  was  customary,  on  removing 
from  one  shop  to  another,  to  add  the  sign 
of  the  old  shop  to  that  of  the  new  one. 

WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 
Westwood,  Clitheroe. 

CHRISTMAS  VERSES  AT  SHEFFIELD  (12  S. 
iv.  324  ;  v.  46,  82).— The  New  Year's  Song 
given  by  PROF.  MOORE  SMITH  at  the  second 
reference  is  identical  with  one  I  have  known 
in  the  county  of  Durham  for  the  last  fifty 
years.  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

ST.  CLEMENT  AS  PATRON  SAINT  (12  S. 
iv.  14,  82). — He  seems  to  be  the  particular 
patron  of  blacksmiths,  a  song  ori  the  lines 
of  the  sailors'  chanties  being  sung  by  them 
while  at  work.  Pip  learned  it  from  Joe 
Gargery,  and  repeated  it  for  Miss  Havisham 
('  Great  Expectations,'  chap.  xii.).  See  also 
*  Old  English  Customs  '  (Ditchfield),  pp.  168- 
171,  and  an  article  by  F.  E.  Sawyer  on  "  Old 
Clem "  celebrations  and  blacksmiths'  lore 
(Folk-lore  Journal,  ii.  321-9). 

J.  ARDAGH. 

SIR  THOMAS  BROWNE  :  TOM  BROWN  ( 12  S. 
v.  6). — No  doubt  the  Tom  Brown  referred  to 
by  PROF.  BENSLY  is  the  one  praised  by 
Benjamin  the  barber  in  '  Tom  Jones  '  "as 
one  of  the  greatest  wits  that  ever  the  nation 
produced,"  though  I  must  say  that  at  one 
time  I  thought  this  referred  to  the  more 
famous  knight,  who  certainly  had  a  con- 
siderable amount  of  unconscious  humour. 

Can  any  reader  inform  me  if  the  latter's 
skull  is  still  in  Norwich  Museum  ?  Mr. 
Edmund  Gosse,  in  his  volume  on  Browne, 
refers  to  it  as  concluding  its  extraordinary 
adventures  there.  W.  KENT. 


JJote;  0n 


Indexes  to  Irish  Wills.  —  Vol.  IV.  Dromore, 
Jfeivry,  and  Mourne.  Edited  by  Gertrude 
Thrift.  (Phillimore  &  Co.,  II.  Is.) 
THE  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  supply  ample  evidence 
of  the  interest  taken  by  American  citizens  in  their 
Irish  ancestors,  and  the  good  work  which  is  being 
done  by  Messrs.  Phillimore's  "  Irish  Record 
Series  "  deserves  to  be  widely  known.  The  first 
three  volumes  related  to  dioceses  in  the  south  of 
Ireland  ;  this  is  devoted  to  an  Ulster  diocese. 

Mr.  T.  M.  Blagg,  the  general  editor  of  the 
series,  supplies  in  the  preface  an  interesting 
account  of  the  exempt,  or  "  peculiar,"  jurisdiction 
of  Newry  and  Mourne,  showing  that  it  was  a 
survival  of  the  episcopal  jurisdiction  exercised 
by  the  Cistercian  Abbey  of  the  B.V.M.  and 
St.  Patrick  of  Newry,  founded  in  1157  by  Maurice 


i2js.  v.  APRIL,  1919.]          NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Ill 


MacLoughlin,  King  of  Ireland.  During  the  reign 
of  Edward  VI.  the  abbey  and  its  possessions  were 
granted  to  Sir  Nicholas  Bagnal,  and  the  episcopal 
jurisdiction  consequently  devolved  upon  him  and 
his  descendants,  the  Earls  of  Kilmorey.  The 
way  in  which  proper  names  are  sometimes  dis- 
guised by  the  inclusion  of  the  final  letter  of  a 
preceding  word  has  been  illustrated  recently  in 
4  N.  &  Q.'  with  reference  to  St.  Ninian  (see  ante, 
pp.  7,  53).  Newry  affords  another  example. 
The  place  was  named  "  lubhar  ceann  tragha," 
the  yew  tree  at  the  strandhead,  from  a  yew  which 
had'  been  planted  by  St.  Patrick.  This  was 
shortened,  and  pronounced  "  Yure,"  which  was 
converted  into  "  Newry  "  through  the  assimilation 
of  the  definite  article  "  an." 

The  bulk  of  the  volume  consists  of  the  index  to 
the  Dromore  wills,  which  is  followed  by  a  cross 
index  to  the  many  aliases  that  occur  in  them. 
The  Newry  and  Mourne  wills  complete  the 
volume,  which  is  excellently  printed,  though  in 
the  Contents  the  Dromore  cross  index  should  be 
p.  161.  The  wills  at  all  three  depositories  have 
been  indexed  down  to  1858,  the  date  of  the 
extinction  of  the  jurisdictions. 

The  Beasts,  Birds,  and  Bees  of  Virgil :  a  Natural- 
ist's Handbook  to  the  '  Georgics.'  By  Thomas 
Fletcher  Boyds.  (Oxford,  Blackwell,  4s.  6d. 
net.) 

Virgil  and  Isaiah  :  a  Study  of  the  '  Pollio,'  with 
Translations,  Notes,  and  Appendices.  (Same 
author  and  publisher,  5s.  net.) 
THE  first  of  these  little  books  is  a  second  edition. 
W«»  see  this  with  pleasure  because  the  work  makes 
no  inconsiderable  contribution  to  that  new 
tradition  in  the  use  and  enjoyment  of  the  Latin 
and  Greek  classics  with  which  we  have  before 
now  expressed  our  satisfaction.  Mr.  Boyds 
brings  together  much  scattered  wisdom  and  folk- 
lore bearing  on  the  subjects  Virgil  treats  of  in 
the  '  Georgics  '  ;  and  it  may  count  as  an  addi- 
tional merit  that  he  does  not  introduce  his 
material  merely  as  literary  or  picturesque  illus- 
tration, but  discusses  the  details  of  Virgil's 
practical  counsels  from  the  practical  point  of 
view.  No  one  would  expect  to  find  the  poet 
right  in  a  majority  of  points  ;  it  is  pleasant  to 
find  him  so  in  more  than  one  might  have  expected. 
Any  lover  of  Virgil  and  the  country  will  enjoy 
this  book,  despite  a  certain,  perhaps  inevitable, 
scrappiness  ;  but  we  would  specially  recommend 
it  to  any  one  whose  business  it  is  to  introduce 
boys  to  the  '  Georgics.' 

In  '  Virgil  and  Isaiah  '  Mr.  Boyds  gives  us  a 
study  of  the  fourth  Eclogue,  in  which  he  discusses 
most  of  the  opinions  which  have  been  put  for- 
ward as  to  its  meaning,  and  draws  a  careful  and 
amply  illustrated  parallel  between  it  and  the 
great  prophecy  in  Isaiah  of  the  Prince  with  the 
Four  Names — treating  not  only  of  the  actual 
contents  of  the  two,  but  also  of  their  historical 
setting,  and  of  the  greater  or  less  verification 
which  history  has  seemed  to  furnish  them  with. 
This  forms  a  study  which  is  worth  some  attention, 
even  if  one  does  not  wholly  agree  with  all  Mr. 
Boyds's  views.  On  Virgil's  "  prophetic  "  insight, 
for  example,  we  think  he  proves  less  convincing 
than  he  might  have  been  if  he  had  recognized  in 
his  argument  that  the  gift  of  poetry  is  of  itself 
a  kind  of  "  illumination,"  which,  seeing  deep 
into  things  as  they  are — below  ^phenomena — is 


at  least  apt  for  vision  of  truths  which  are,  but  are 
not  yet  within  ordinary  human  cognizance.  If 
this  view  of  the  poetic  gift  is  sound,  it  would 
actually  be  surprising  if  there  were  not  poets  in 
the  ancient  world  who  witness,  in  some  sort,  to 
Christianity. 

A  most  interesting  feature  of  the  book  consists 
of  the  translations  of  the  Eclogue  —  done  first 
into  English  hexameters,  and  then  into  Biblical 
English.  The  latter,  as  to  its  rendering  of  the 
richness,  unction,  and  special  character  of  Eng- 
lish Biblical  prose,  is  eminently  successful ;  and 
it  is  almost  equally  striking  in  the  distance  from 
Virgil  to  which  it  seems  to  throw  his  meaning — 
in  itself  so  carefully  and  accurately  brought  out. 


THE  Bibliographical  Society  of  Ireland  was 
inaugurated  at  a  meeting  held  on  March  1  in  the 
Public  Library,  Great  Brunswick  Street,  Dublin. 
The  objects  of  the  Society  are  : — 

(a)  The  promotion  and  encouragement  of 
Irish  bibliographical  studies  and  researches. 

(6)  The  printing  of  works  connected  with  Irish 
bibliography. 

(c)  The  formation  of  an  Irish  Bibliographical 
Library. 

The  annual  subscription,  for  the  present,  is  5s. 
Meetings  will  be  held  for  hearing  papers  and  for 
exhibitions  of  bibliographical  rarities.  Mr.  E.  B. 
McClintock  Dix  has  been  elected  chairman  ;  and 
the  hon.  secretary  is  Mr.  Wm.  MacArthur, 
79  Talbot  Street,  Dublin,  from  whom  further 
particulars  can  be  obtained. 


BOOKSELLEBS'  CATALOGUES. 

MESSRS.  GLAISHER'S  March  Catalogue  of 
Publishers'  Bemainders  comprises  a  number  of 
well-illustrated  books  of  travel  in  France,  Italy, 
India,  China,  and  other  parts  of  the  globe,  as  well 
as  various  biographies.  Among  works  more 
nearly  related  to  subjects  special  to  ' N.  &  Q.' 
may  be  named  Major  Tremearne's  '  The  Ban  of 
the  Bori  '  (7s.  Qd.),  describing  demons  and  demon- 
dancing  in  Africa,  and  Hausa  superstitions  and 
customs  ;  Dorothy  Senior's  '  Some  Old  English 
Worthies  '  (2s.  6d.),  containing  '  The  History  of 
George  a  Green,'  '  The  Famous  History  of  Friar 
Bacon,'  &c.  ;  and  Lewis  Melville's  '  Berry  Papers  ' 
(5s.),  founded  on  the  correspondence  of  Horace 
Walpole's  friends  Mary  and  Agnes  Berry. 

MESSRS.  MAGGS  send  another  of  their  ex- 
cellently produced  catalogues — no.  375,  '  En- 
graved Portraits,  Decorative  Subjects,  Original 
Drawings,  Napoleonic  Caricatures,  Naval  and 
Military  Prints.'  The  frontispiece,  a  reproduction 
of  Val.  Green's  mezzotint  '  British  Naval  Victors,' 
consists  of  portraits  of  Howe,  St.  Vincent,  Duncan, 
and  Nelson  (42L).  Other  illustrations  include 
Frances  Kemble,  mezzotint  by  J.  Jones  after 
Beynolds  (Q31.)  ;  Master  Lambton,  mezzotint  by 
Cousins  after  Lawrence  (42L  10s.)  ;  and  Lady 
Bushout  and  her  daughter,  stipple  engraving  by 
T.  Burke  after  Angelica  KauEman  (1251.). 
J.  B.  Smith's  mezzotint  of  Napoleon  after  Appiani 
is  75Z.  ;  and  among  the  Napoleonic  caricatures  is 
a  collection  of  78  coloured  plates  by  Cruikshank, 
Bo-vylandson,  and  others,  handsomely  bound  by 
Riviere  in  crimson  morocco,  84Z.  Actors  and 
actresses  are  represented  by  Garrick  and  Edmund 


112 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  APRIL,  1919. 


Kean,  Mrs.  Abington,  Harriet  Mellon,  and  Mrs. 
Siddons  ;  Parliamentary  orators  by  Chatham, 
Burke,  and  Grattan  ;  while  there  are  also  portraits 
of  Bunyan  and  Robert  Bloomfield,  the  author  of 
'  The  Farmer's  Boy.' 

MESSRS.  SIMMONS  &  WATERS  of  Leamington 
Spa  forward  their  Eighteenth  Annual  Clearance 
Catalogue.  Under  Art  and  Architecture  we  note 
16  vols.  of  The  Art  Journal,  1855-70  (21.  2s.); 
Blore's  '  English  Monuments,'  30  plates,  1825 
(6s.)  ;  Jewitt's  '  Glossary  of  Terms  used  in 
Architecture,'  3  vols.,  1,700  illustrations,  1850 
(11.  10s.)  ;  and  8  vols.  of  The  Magazine  of  Art, 
1888-95  (11.  12s.).  Under  Biography  is  Evans's 
'  Catalogue  of  Engraved  Portraits,'  describing 
nearly  20,000,  1830  (15s.).  Two  noteworthy 
eighteenth-century  novels,  both  first  editions,  are 
Henry  Brooke's  '  Fool  of  Quality,'  5  vols.  (7s.  Qd.), 
and  Graves's  '  Spiritual  Quixote,'  a  satire  on  the 
Methodists,  3  vols.  (7s.  6d.).  Another  eighteenth- 
century  work  is  often  quoted  in  '  N.  &  Q,.'— 
Chamberlain's  '  Present  State  of  Great  Britain 
and  Ireland,'  2nd  ed.,  1711  (3s.  Qd.).  Under 
Shakespeariana  is  a  collection  of  139  plates,  half 
morocco,  1793  (31.  10s.). 

MR.  J.  THOMSON  of  Portobello,  Edinburgh, 
devotes  sections  of  his  Spring  Catalogue  to 
Aberdeen,  Edinburgh,  and  Glasgow,  and  another 
to  Family  History,  the  last-named  including 
Rogers 's  accounts  of  Knox  and  Sir  Walter  Scott 
(3s.  6d.  each).  A  set  of  Blackicood's  Magazine. 
1817-87,  142  vols.  hair  calf,  is  9L  10s.  Mr/Fisher 
Unwin  contributed  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  in  1909  a  biblio- 
graphy of  the  Millers  of  Haddington  and  Dunbar, 
who  were  pion/n^p  of  cheap  literature  in  Scotland  ; 
and  Mr.  Thomson  offers  a  copy  of  Mr.  W.  J. 
Couper's  volume  on  the  subject  (1914)  for  half-a- 
cro  wn . 


dDbituanj. 

JOHN    THOMAS    PAGE. 

IT  is  with  great  regret  that  we  have  to  record 
the  death  of  Mr.  J.  T.  Page,  which  occurred  on 
March  16,  at  the  Elms,  Long  Itchington,  Warwick- 
shire. 

Born  in  1855,  the  eldest  son  of  William  Page 
of  West  Had  don,  he  was  educated  at  Guisborough 
Grammar  School  and  by  his  uncle  at  Long 
Buckley.  From  his  father  he  gained  a  thorough 
knowledge  of  shorthand,  and  he  did  a  great  deal 
of  reporting  for  The  Northamptonshire  Mercury. 

On  coming  to  London  Mr.  Page  secured  the 
appointment  of  private  secretary  to  Dr.  Barnardo, 
with  whom  he  travelled  considerably.  For 
twenty  years  he  was  the  well-known  cashier  of 
the  Barnardo  Homes,  but  from  these  exacting 
duties  he  retired  in  1909.  A  few  years  later  he 
built  himself  a  house  at  Long  Itchington,  and 
resumed  his  work  for  the  press,  taking  also  an 
active  interest  in  local  affairs. 

From  a  very  early  age  he  was  attracted  by 
local  history  and  London  topography,  and  he  was 
an  exceptionally  prolific  contributor  to  the  pages 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  for  nearly  thirty  years. 

His  interests  were  extremely  diversified.  He 
was  a  capable  Dickensian,  but  his  enthusiasm  for 
new  identifications  of  characters  and  London 
allusions  was  always  tempered  by  caution.  He 


studied  and  wrote  of  London  past  and  passing  from 
voluminous  notes  and  a  mass  of  excerpts  and 
cuttings  gathered  and  systematically  arranged 
years  prior  to  their  use.  For  example,  in  1901,. 
while  residing  at  West  Haddon,  he  contributed 
notes  on  '  East  London  Antiquities  '  to  The  East 
London  Advertiser,  obviously  using  data  gathered 
during  his  long  association  with  the  district. 
Probably  his  most  useful  undertaking  was  the  list 
of  '  Statues  and  Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,* 
in  which  he  was  assisted  by  many  readers  of  these 
pages.  It  began  at  10  S.  xi.  44 i,  was  continued 
throughout  the  Eleventh  Series,  and  is  still 
unfinished. 

Lacking  the  use  of  a  large  library,  Mr.  Page 
secured  some  of  its  advantages  by  methodical 
indexing  and  preservation  of  press  cuttings  ;  but 
with  the  exception  of  autograph  letters  he  had 
no  specific  hobby  or  pursuit.  His  collection  of 
nearly  4,000  autograph  letters,  in  17  albums,  has 
been  presented  to  the  Northampton  Public 
Library  by  his  widow,  in  fulfilment  of  a  wish  he 
had  expressed.  As  a  friend  or  acquaintance 
he  was  endeared  to  a  very  large  circle  ;  and 
when  future  generations  explore  the  rich  mines- 
of  research  preserved  in  the  pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.' 
the  name  of  J.  T.  Page  will  be  recognized  as  that 
of  a  valuable  and  painstaking  contributor  on  a 
number  of  useful  topics.  '  A.  A. 


10 

ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  name 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pub- 
lication, but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

To  secure  insertion  of  communications  corre- 
spondents must  observe  the  following  rules.  Let 
each  note,  query,  or  reply  be  written  on  a  separate 
slip  of  paper,  with  the  signature  of  the  writer  and 
such  address  as  he  wishes  to  appear.  When  answer- 
ing queries,  or  making  notes  with  regard  to  previous 
entries  in  the  paper,  contributors  are  requested  to 
put  in  parentheses,  immediately  after  the  exact 
heading,  the  series,  volume,  and  page  or  pages  to 
which  they  refer.  Correspondents  who  repeat 
queries  are  requested  to  head  the  second  com- 
munication "  Duplicate." 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answers 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  query; 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

J.  R.  H.  and  B.  P.  S.— Forwarded. 

J.  W.  F.— Sent  direct  to  Dr.  Venn. 

J.  R.  H.  ("Wangle").— Discussed  at  length  at 
11  S.  xi.  65,  115,  135,  178,  216,  258,330. 

J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS  (Pimlico).— For  the  origin  of 
this  place-name  see  the  discussion  in  the  Tenth 
Series,  vols.  iii.,  x.,  xi. 

E.G.  FINLAY,  San  Francisco  ('Baratariana'). — 
The  reference  to  Lord  Annaly  occurs  in  a  key  to 
4  Baratariana '  printed  at  2  S.  viii.  211  (Sept.  10, 
1859). 

COL.  J.  H.  RIVETT-CARNAC  ('  Waynflete'). — Miss 
Christabel  Coleridge's  two-volume  novel  *  Wayn- 
flete '  was  published  in  1893  by  Messrs.  Innes  &  Co. 
at  a  guinea.  A  review  of  it  appeared  in  The: 
Athenceum  for  Nov.  4  of  that  year. 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


113 


LONDON,  MAY,  1919 


C  0  N  T  E  N  T  S.  —  No.  92. 

NOTES  :— Byron  Apocrypha,  113  — Shakespeariana,  US- 
Correspondence  of  Richard  Edwards,  117— New  College, 
Oxford — Little  Montague  Court,  118— Ripon  Sours — "Nos 
habitat,  non  tartara,"  119— Letter  from  the  "  Kingmaker" 
—Ireland  :  Early  Italian  Map,  120—"  Fire  out"— Coins  of 
Ancient  Britons— Westminster  Hall  Roof— Walton  Relic 
— Interments  in  Graves  belonging  to  other  Families,  121. 

QUERIES  :— Bristol  Wills  Missing— Byron's  Bust  at  Oxford 
— R.  S.  Surtees  —  Gladstone  on  Dante  —  Sir  Francis 
Anderson's  Descendants  —  English  Parishes  in  170o  — 
Anguish  Street,  122— Capt.  Palliser — Scotchman's  Post — 
"Three  Black  Crows" — Vickers  Family— May — Labour- 
in- Vain  Street— "  Talks  about  Old  London  "— Marlipins 
— "The  light  invisible" — Joseph  Knibb.  Clockmaker,  123 
—John  Winter,  Dial-maker— Rev.  HfMiry  Guy,  Chaplain  to 
Charles  II.— W.  H.  Wills  on  Dr.  ftdd— Andrews  and 
Hardy  Families  — Good  Friday  Pleasure  Fairs— Hon. 
John  Shakespear— Derby  of  1811— Puleston  of  Gresford 
and  Hants -Exchange  of  Souls  in  Fiction— Rev.  Dr. 
Clenock,  124 — "Bayninge"  and  "Blankett" — Ant-bear 
and  Tortoise— Richard  Snow — Lord  Roberts :  House  in 
which  he  died— William  Simpson  Ford— Rev.  W.  Bartlett 
— Dr.  T.  Harrison  —  Convex  Lights,  125  —  "  Penniles 
Bench "— Bluecoat  Schools— Edward  Allen,  Painter— 
W.  H.  Arnold— Sir  Edward  Paget— Aaron  Hugh— "Per- 
versity of  inanimate  objects"— Clements  Family,  126— 
Author  Wanted,  127. 

REPLIES:— Churches  used  for  the  Election  of  Municipal 
Officers,  127— "  Straitsman."  128— Mr.  Justice  Maule  on 
Bigamy — "Lick  into  shape"— Bibliography  of  Epitaphs, 
129— The  Swin— Craggs  and  Nicholson  Families— H.  C. 
Pidgeon— Richard  Baxter— Brooke  Robinson,  130— French 
National  Emblem— Submarines — Cornish  and  Devonian 
Priests  executed — J.Turner,  Painter — "  Trouncer,"  131 — 
Bird-scaring  Songs— Missel  Thrush— Morland  Gallery— 
W.  F.  Shrapnel—"  Pro  pelle  cutem  " — Markshall  and  the 
Fuller  Family,  132  — Captor  and  his  Captive's  Arms— 
"Oh,  dear!  What  can  the  matter  be?"— Henchman,  133 
—Heart  Burial— Paten  or  Salver?  134— Vauvenargues— 
Inscriptions  in  St.  John's,  Waterloo  Road—  Lines  under  a 
Crucifix,  135— "Drink  by  word  of  mouth ''— Dickens's 
Topographical  Slips— "Camouflage" — Chess :  the  Knight's 
Tour,  136-Grim  or  Grime— Gilt  Wand— Odessa  in  Roman 
Times— 'N.E  D.' :  Changes  in  Accentuation,  137— "Derby 
Blues" — Boumphrey  Family — Inscriptions  at  Gipping  — 
Mr.  Medop- Cutting  off  the  Hair— Rose  of  Denmark  Inn, 
138  —  Author's  Name  Wanted  —  "  Irrelagh  "  —  Pragell 
Family— Author  of  Quotation  Wanted,  139. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  Visitation  of  England  and  Wales  ' 
—'Visitation  of  Ireland'— Journal  of  the  Folk-Song 
Society. 

Booksellers'  Catalogues.        Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE     BYRON     APOCRYPHA. 

No  exhaustive  list  of  the  poems  and  prose 
pieces  that  have  been  attributed  to  Lord 
Byron  exists.  E.  H.  Coleridge  notes  a  few 
poems,  but  his  list  is  far  from  complete 
and  not  altogether  accurate  (Byr  oil's 
*  Works,'  'Poetry,'  iii.  xx.  f.).  Prof.  Kolb- 
ing  described  several  items  in  Englische 
Studien,  xxvi.  67  f.,  and  refers  to  others  in 
his  edition  of  Byron's  '  Werke,'  Band  ii. 
p.  46  f.  In  the  collations  of  different 
editions  of  Byron's  poems  Mr.  Coleridge  set 
down  various  spurious  pieces  ('  Poetry,' 


vii.,  passim).  '  N.  &  Q.'  has  printed  many 
notes  on  individual  pieces  ;  see  especially 
Seventh  Series,  vol.  ii.  (index).  And  de- 
scriptions of  several  impostures  may  be 
found  in  works  on  Lord  Byron  such  as 
Elze's  '  Life '  and  Miss  Mayne's  '  Life.' 
But  no  full  accurate  list  is  in  existence. 
The  courteous  and  satisfactory  answers 
that  I  received  by  post  in  reply  to  my 
previous  query  on  '  Byron  in  Fiction ' 
('N.  &  Q.,'  January,  1918,  p.  10)  encourage 
me  to  offer  the  following  tentative  list  in 
the  hope  that  as  it  stands  it  may  be  of 
value  and  interest  to  students  of  Byron, 
and  that  some  such  students  may  be"  able 
to  furnish  me  with  a  description  of  those 
items  (marked  with  an  a^teri^k)  that  I  have 
not  seen,  and  may  perhaps  be  able  to  add 
to  the  bibliography  of  the  subject. 

1.  '  Ode  '  :   "  Oh,  shame  to  thee,  Land  of  the 
Gaul  I  "—See   '  N.   &   Q.,'   Second  Series,  ii.   48, 
for  a   query   (unanswered)   as  to   its   authorship. 
Repudiated  by  Byron,   July  22,    1816   ('  Letters 
and    Journals,'    iii.    337).     First   published,    over 
the  signature  "  Brutus,"  in  The  Morning  Chronicle, 
July  31,  1815.     The  copy  of  R.  Edwards's  edition 
of    Byron's    '  Poems    on    his    Domestic    Circum- 
stances,' 1816,  in  the  New  York  Public  Library, 
has  a  MS.  note  (p.  27)  :  "  By  William  Cone — but 
published  under  Lord  Byron's  name."     (Query  : 
Hone  ?)     In  John   Robertson's  edition  of   '  Fare 
thee  Well  !  and  other  Poems  '  (Edinburgh,  1816) 
a  note  on  p.  24  states  that  the  '  Ode  '  "  has  been 
ascribed  by  many  to  the  Author  of  the  '  Pleasures 
of  Hope.'  "     This  piece  turned  up  persistently  in 
early    pirated    editions    of    Byron's    poems  ;     for 
example,     in     Hone's,     Edwards's,     Robertson's, 
Sheppard's,     Limbird's,     Bumpus's,     Knight     & 
Lacy's,    Cole's,    Bembow's,    Dove's,    and   Jones's 
volumes.     It  was   in   Galignani's   edition   of   the 
works  from  1819  (yi.  121)  till  1835,  when  it  was 
omitted.     It  is  ascribed  to  Byron  in  '  The  Laurel,' 
a  collection  of  fugitive  nineteenth-century  verse 
published    by    Tilt,    1841  ;     and    is    among    the 
"  attributed  poems  "  in  the  Bohn  edition  of  1851. 
The  piece  is  in  nine  stanzas  (the  last  repeating  the 
first)  of  ten  lines  each.     It  is   "a  vehement  in- 
vective   against    the    French    people    for    their 
desertion  and  neglect  of  Napoleon  when  fortune 
no  longer  attended  his  arms."     It  is  sufficiently 
Byronic  in  its  sentiments  and  rhetoric  to  make  the 
fact  that  it  so  long  passed  current  not  astonishing. 

2.  '  Madame  La.valette.' — Repudiated  by  Byron, 
July  22,  1816.     First  published,  over  the  initials 
"  B.    B.,"    in     The    Examiner,    Jan.    21,     1816. 
William    Hone    printed    it    in    the    first    and    all 
subsequent  editions  of  his  pirated  '  Poems  on  his 
Domestic  Circumstances,'  1816  f.     Besides  being 
in  many  pirated  editions  of  these  poems  during 
the    following    years,    it    is    in    Moses    Thomas's 
reprint    (Philadelphia,    1816)    of    '  Lord    Byron's 
Farewell   to    England  '    (see   next   entry).     John 
Robertson    (Edinburgh,    1816, 'p.    30)    apologizes 
for  its  inclusion.     It  is  in  Baudry's  edition  of  the 
Works   (Paris,   1825,  vii.   34.9),  and  in   Galignani 
1826  and  1828  among  the  "  attributed  poems  "  ; 
not  in  Galignani  1835.     It  occurs  among  "  attri- 
buted poems  "  as  late  as  the  Bohn  edition  of  1851. 


114 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


(.128.  V.  MAY.    1919. 


The  piece  (three  stanzas  of  eight  lines  each)  is 
apparently  in  praise  of  the  wife  of  Count  Lavalette 
who  escaped  from  Paris  in  January,  1816  ;  it 
celebrates  her  virtue,  constancy,  and  intelligence. 
3.  '  Farewell  to  England.' — This  and  the  next 
three  items  were  published  in  "  Lord  Byron's 

Farewell  to  England  ;  with  three  other  poems 

London  :  J.  Johnston,  1816."  For  Byron's 
repudiation  of  them  see  '  Letters  and  Journals,' 
iii.  337  ;  for  the  injunction  proceedings  brought 
against  Johnston,  see  ibid.  iv.  19  f.  The  'Fare- 
well '  obtained  a  wide  circulation.  It  is  in  the 
collections  of  Thomas,  Sheppard,  Limbird, 
Bumpus,  Knight  &  Lacy,  Cole,  Bembow,  Dove, 
and  Jones.  It  is  quoted  in  full  as  by  Byron  in  that 
curious  production  '  The  Life,  Writings,  Opinions, 
and  Times  of  Lord  Byron,'  1825  (i.  273  f.).  For  a 
description  of  this  and  the  other  three  pieces  in 
Johnston's  volume,  see  an  article  by  the  present 
writer  on  '  The  Pamphlets  of  the  Byron  Separa- 
tion '  forthcoming  in  Modern  Language  Notes. 
It  is  in  no  Galignani  edition,  but  is  in  Bohn  1851. 

4.  '  Ode  to  the  Island  of  Saint  Helena.' — See  3 
above  ;    this  '  Ode  '   occurs  in  the  miscellaneous 
collections     mentioned     there.     It     is     also     in 
Galignani  1828  and  1831,  but  was  removed  from 
the  1835  edition,  from  which  many  spurious  pieces 
were  weeded  out.     Also  in  Bohn  1851. 

5.  '  To  my  Daughter,  on  the  Morning  of  her 
Birth.' — Byron  remarked  :  "  On  the  '  Morning  of 
my  Daughter's  Birth  '  I  had  other  things  to  think 
ofthan  verses  "  ('  Letters  and  Journals,'  iii.  337  f.). 
It  is  in  all  collections  mentioned  i  >  3  above,  and 
in   all   Galignani   editions   except   1835.     Also   in 
Bohn  1851  ;  and  quoted  in  part  in  '  Life,  Writings,' 
&c.,  i.   288. 

6.  '  To  the  Lyly  of  France.' — Byron  remarked  : 
"  As  to  the  '  Lyly  of  France,'  I  "should  as  soon 
think    of    celebrating    a    turnip  "    ('  Letters    and 
Journals,'    iii.    337).     In    all    pirated    collections 
already   mentioned  (see    3    above)  except    Galig- 
nani 1835.     In  Bohn  1851. 

7.  "  Reflections  on  Shipboard,  by  Lord  Byron. 
London  :    R.   S.   Kirby    &  W.   Allason,    1816."- 
Besides  the  title-poem  this  volume  includes  the 
next  three  items  on  the  present  list.     For  a  full 
description  of  all  four  see  the  forthcoming  article 
already   referred    to.     The    '  Reflections  '    appar- 
ently obtained  no  circulation  whatsoever. 

8.  '  The      Poet      Refuses      Consolation. '—The 
second  piece  in  '  Reflections  '  ;  apparently  never 
reprinted  entire. 

9.  «  The   Birth   of  Hope.'     The  third   piece  in 
'Reflections' ;  apparently  never  reprinted  entire. 

10.  '  The   Poet   Moralizes   on    Waterloo.' — The 
fourth  piece  in  '  Reflections  '  ;  apparently  never 
reprinted     entire.     On     these     four     pieces     see 
further  Kolbing,  Englische  Studien,  xxvi.  76  f. 

11.  '  JBnigma  '     (H).     "  '  Twas    whispered    in 
heaven,   'twas  muttered  in   hell." — A   discussion 
of  the  authorship  of  this  piece  was  carried  on  in 
'  N.    &   Q.,'    First   Series,   vol.   v.     According   to 
B.  P.  (p.  522)  it  was  written  by  Miss  Fanshawe 
in  1816  in  an  alburn  (which  '  D.N.B.'  says  is  still 
in      existence).        J.     Sansom,     reprinting      the 
'  JEnigma  '   on  I   (see    12    below),  asks  :    "  How 
came  Miss  Fanshawe's  enigmas  to  be  attributed 
to    Lord    Byron?"    (First    Series,  v.  427).     This 
question    remains    unanswered.     The    author    of 
this,  by  far  the  most  famous  poem  in  the  "  Byron 
Apocrypha,"    was    Catherine    Maria    Fanshawe, 


not  "Harriet"  as  E.  H.  Coleridge  calls  her. 
The  piece  was  apparently  first  ascribed  to  Byron 
in  "  Three  Poems,  not  included  in  the  Works  of 
Lord  Byron.  London  :  Effingham  Wilson,  1818." 
(The  other  two  pieces  are  genuine.)  From  there 
it  got  into  W.  Clark's  edition  of  '  The  Wai/.,' 
1821  ;  the  '  Works,'  Moses  Thomas,  Philadelphia, 
1820  ;  and  into  numerous  later  piracies.  It  is 
not  in  Galignani  1835,  but  is  in  Bohn  1851. 

12.  '  JEnigma  '   (I). — This    enigma  was  not  so 
widely    ascribed    to    Byron    as    that    on    H.     It 
occurs   in    Galignani    1831,    and    (which   is   note- 
worthy)   Galignani       1835.     It    is    not    in    Bohn 
1851.     For  the  text  of  this  piece  see  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
First  Series,  v.  427. 

13.  '  The    Burial    of    Sir    John    Moore.'— This 
famous  poem   can  be  brought  into  the  compass 
of  this  list  only  by  stretching  definitions.     The 
single   edition   of   Bvron's   Works   into   which   it 
seems  to  have  intruded  is  that  of  H.  L.  Broenner, 
Frankfort  O.M.,   1829.     Note,  however,  the  dis- 
agreeable  incident   recorded   in    Medwin's    '  Con- 
versations '  (p.  75  of  edition  published  by  Wilder 
&   Campbell,   New  York,    1824)   when   the  poem 
was  read  in  Byron's  presence,  and  after-   it  had 
been    much    praised    Byron    did    not    deny    the 
authorship   of   it.     Medwin   prints   it   entire   and 
ascribes  it  to  Byron,  saying  that  after  the  poet 
had     himself     praised     it    so     highly     he     could 
not  admit   outright    that   it   was   his   own    com- 
position. 

14.  "  Lord    Byron's    Pilgrimage    to    the    Holy 
Land .     A    Poem ....  To     which     is     added     The 
Tempest.     A  Fragment.     London  :    J.  Johnston, 
1817." — For    Byron's    repudiation,    and    for    the 
proceedings  to  obtain  an  injunction  against  this 
fraudulent  publication,  see  '  Letters  and  Journals,' 
iv.   9  f.     The  injunction  was  granted  ;    hence  a 
second  edition,  published  the  same  year,  had  on 
the  title  merely   '  A  Pilgrimage,'    &c.     The  title 
piece  is  in  two   cantos  and  is  written  in  heroic 
couplets.     The    pilgrim's    name    is    Flavius.     He 
journeys  through  the  Mediterranean,  moralizing 
on  the  various  countries  and  cities  that  he  passes 
by,  and  occasionally,  seizing  his  harp,  he  relieves 
himself   of   very   mediocre   lyrics.     He   does   not 
arrive  in  the  Holy  Land  until  the  second  canto. 
The  -promptness  with   which   an   injunction   was 
obtained  against  this  volume,  together  with  its 
inherent    worthlessness,    served    to    prevent    its 
obtaining    (in    this    unlike    Johnston's    previous 
hoax)  any  circulation  as  by  Lord  Byron. 

15.  '  The     Tempest.     A     Fragment.' — See     14 
above.     This  piece  is  in  octosyllabic  couplets  in 
the  manner  of  '  The  Giaour.'  "  The  theme  is  the 
escape  of  one  mysterious  stranger  from  a  ship- 
wreck ;    the  stranger  afterwards  dies  in  the  arms 
of  a  friendly  leech,  who  hears  his  dying  words  and 
could  tell  strange  tales,  an  he  would.     This  poem 
apparently  obtained  no  circulation. 

16.  "  Leon  to  Annabella.     An  Epistle  after  the 
Manner  of  Ovid.  .  .  .London  :  Mac  John,  Raymur 
&    Co.,"     n.d.     (1818  ? — it    belongs    to    Byron's 
Venetian     period). — This     rare     little     piece     of 
disreputableness  is  hard  to  come  by.     A  copy  is 
in  the  library  of  Mr.  J.  P.  Morgan,  through  whose 
courtesy  I  have  been  able  to  examine  it.     For  a 
description  of  it  see  my  article  on  '  The  Pamphlets 
of  the  Byron  Separation  '  mentioned  above.     It 
was  reprinted  with   'Don  Leon  '    (see  22   below) 
in  1866.     Note  that  "  Leon  "  is  merely  Noel  spelt 
backwards. 


128.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


115 


*17.  '  Childe  Harold's  Pilgrimage  to  the  Dead 
1  "Sea  ;  Death  on  the  Pale  Horse  ;  and  other 
Poems.'  London  :  1818. — A  copy  of  this  book 
Is  in  the  British  Museum.  I  have  not  yet  been 
able  to  obtain  sight  of  a  copy.  It  is  in  none  of 
the  large  libraries  in  the  United  States.  Byron 
expressly  repudiates  the  second  piece  in  his 
4  Reply  to  Blackwood's  Magazine,'  March  15, 
1820  ('  Letters  and  Journals,'  iv.  474-5). 

18.  '  ThQ   Vampyre,  a,   Tale.'     London  :    Sher- 
wood, Neely  &  Jones,  1810. — Quickly  repudiated 
by  Byron  ('  Letters  and  Journals,'  iv.  286)  and 
acknowledged  by  Polidori. 

19.  '  Lines    found    in    Lord    Byron's    Bible.'— 
'These  eight  lines  are  by  Sir  Walter  *Scott  ('  The 

Monastery,'  chap.  xii.).  They  may  actually  have 
been  found  copied  out  by  Byron.  Apparently 
they  were  first  ascribed  to  him  in  the  '  Life, 
Writings,'  &c.,  iii.  414.  The  piece  is  among 
the  "  attributed  poems  "  in  Galignani  1826  ;  but 
.1  have  found  it  in  no  other  collection  by  Byron. 

SAMUEL  C.  CHEW. 
Bryn  Mawr  College,  Pennsylvania. 

(To  be  concluded.) 


SHAKESPEARIANA. 

THE  GERM  or  MALVOLIO. — In  '  The  Arte 
of  English  Poesie  '  (book  iii.  chap.  xxiv. ), 
printed  by  Richard  Field  in  1589,  the 
unknown  author  observes  :  — 

"  And  all  singularities  or  affected  parts  of  a 
man's  behaviour  seem  undecent,  as  for  a  man  to 
march  or  jet  in  the  streets  more  stately,  or  to  look 
more  solemnly,  or  to  go  more  gaily  and  in  other 
colours  or  fashioned  qarments  than  another  of  the 
same  degree  and  estate." 

The  author  of  '  Twelfth  Night  '  must  have 
had  that   passage   in  his  mind  in   shaping 
Malvolio.     The    steward   puts   himself    intc 
"  the  trick  of  singularity ."     Maria  alludes  t< 
him  as  "  an  affectioned  ass."      She  discovers 
him     "  practising     behaviour     to     his     own 
shadow  "    (V.   ii.).     Towards   Sir  Toby  am 
his  companions  Malvolio  puts  on  a  stateh 
and  solemn  bearing,  "  quenching  his  familia 
smile  with  an  austere  regard   of   control.' 
Fabian  actually  applies  the  verb  "  jet  "  t< 
illustrate  his  affected  carriage  :  — 

"  O,  peace  !  Contemplation  makes  a  rare 
turkey-cock  of  him.  How  he  jets  under  his 
advanced  plumes  !  " — II.  v. 

To  the  Countess,  however,  he  comes  gaily 
and  with  a  ridiculous  boldness,  continually 
smiling  and  kissing  his  hand  (III.  iv.) — a 
contract  to  the  "sad  face  and  reverend 
carriage  like  some  sir  of  note,  and  so  forth," 
with  which  he  thinks  to  impress  those  of,  as 
he  imagines,  inferior  elements. 

As  for  the  "  other  colours  or  fashioned 
garments  "  referred  to  in  the  '  Arte,'  every - 


>ody  knows  that  he  appears  before  the 
Countess  "  in  yellow  stockings  and  cross- 
gartered,  a  fashion  she  detests." 
^  It  is  merely  the  sight  of  means  to  go  above 
lis  estate  which  incites  him  to  ridiculous 
sxtremes,  and  leads  him  to  construct  any- 
hing  as  a  point  in  favour  of  his  obsession, 
n  the  Countess's  command,  "  Let  this 
ellow  be  looked  to,"  he  finds  significance  in 
.he  term  "  fellow  "  :  "  Not  Malvolio,  nor 
rfter  my  degree,  but  '  fellow.'  ' 

W.  L.  Rushton,  in  '  Shakespeare  and 
'  The  Arte  of  English  Poesie,"  '  proves  how 
ihoroughly  conversant  Shakespea're  was 
,vith  the  contents  of  this  remarkable  book, 
and  especially  demonstrates  that  the  poet, 
n  his  use  of  a  figure  of  rhetoric  or  form  of 
verse  described  in  the  '  Arte,'  constantly 
drags  in  some  unusual  word  or  expression 
employed  in  the  passage  which  the  mysteri- 
ous author  gives  to  illustrate  that  particular 
figure.  So  far  as  I  am  aware,  however,  this 
evidence  as  to  the  origin  of  Malvolio' s 
"  singularities  "  is  quite  new. 

R.  L.  EAGLE. 

'HAMLET/  I.  iv.  36-8  (12  S.  iv.  211; 
v.  4). — May  I  add  a  fresh  solution  to  the 
existent  mass  ? 

H.  K.  ST.  J.  S.'s  third  suggestion  is  that 
the  printer  may  have  set  from  dictation. 
I  have  had  over  fifty  years'  intimacy  with 
printing,  and  no  printing  office  from  the 
first  ever  worked  in  siich  a  doubly  expensive 
and  objectless  way.  Hiring  one  printer  to 
save  another  the  trouble  of  reading  his 
copy  would  assure  early  bankruptcy.  We 
have  only  to  consider  how  the  words  looked 
to  the  eye,  not  sounded  to  the  ear.  This 
debars  several  explanations. 

"  Esil,"  implying  actual  spoiling  of  sub- 
stance, contradicts  the  explicit  meaning  of 
the  passage,  which  applies  only  to  what 
others  think,  not  to  what  in  fact  is. 

Their  virtues  else 

Shall  in  the  general  censure  take  corruption 
From  that  particular  fault. 

That  is,  not  that  the  fault  has  actually 
corrupted  the  man,  but  tha»t  people  think 
it  has.  I  agree  fully  that  "  eale "  is  a 
most  improbable  form  of  "  e'il."  Shake- 
speare, writing  for  Londoners,  would  hardly 
u?e  this  Scotticism,  anyway,  or  feel  the 
need  (felt  nowhere  else)  of  helping  out  his 
rhythm  with  it,  as  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S.  justly 
says. 

It  has  been  my  habit  for  many  years, 
often  with  surprising  success,  when  I  wished 
to  decipher  a  hopelessly  meaningless  piece 


116 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919. 


of  printing  or  typewriting,  to  scribble  it 
carelessly  with  pen  or  pencil,  and  see  what 
it  might  have  been  mistaken  for.  In  this 
case  the  very  first  trial  produced  results 
quite  unexpected  :  confirming  the  oldest 
emendation  of  one  word,  and  suggesting 
for  the  others  something  unthought  of  by 
any  one,  yet  more  satisfactory  than  any. 
Here  is  our  "  eale  "  :  — 


Obviously,  this  is  "  base,"  as  Theobald 
with  his  usual  sagacity  divined  —  or  perhaps 
discovered  by  the  same  process.  But 
another  consideration,  which  had  struck 
me  before  trying  this  experiment, 
strengthens  it.  In  old  usage  only  one  class 
of  substances  are  ever  called  "noble" 
to  wit,  metals  ;  and  the  regular  antithesis 
was  "  base."  Men  did  not  speak  of  noble 
and  base  liquors  or  bread  or  cloth,  but  of 
pure  and  adulterated,  or  honest  and  frau- 
dulent, or  coarse  and  fine.  The  former 
terms  were  taken  from  alchemy,  a  fertile 
theme  of  interest  and  literary  capital  in 
the  Elizabethan  time,  and  it  would  be 
exactly  in  Shakespeare's  fashion  to  annex 
a  bit  *of  its  terminology,  and  in  addition 
these  terms  had  passed  into  popular  use. 

Aside  from  the  fact  that  some  explana- 
tions of  "  of  a  doubt  "  conflict  with  my  first 
principle,  none  of  them  satisfy  any  one  but 
their  authors,  and  none  explain  at  all  the 
intensive  "  own  "  in  the  next  line.  Here  is 
my  scrawl  :  — 

--^---^L^^^ 


I  read  this, 

Doth  all  the  noble  substance  oft  divert  [diuert] 
To  his  own  scandal. 

That  is,  "  Turns  his  very  nobility  into  his 
own  scandal  "  :  "  makes  the  volume  of  his 
noble  substance  the  measure  of  his  public 
disrepute."  Here  "own"  is  not  only 
natural,  but  alm6st  indispensable  :  the 
meaning  is  shorn  of  its  strength  without  it. 

True  or  not,  this  leaves  no  raw  edges  of 
unsatisfied  meaning,  and  has  no  sophistica- 
tion or  straining.  FORREST  MORGAN. 

Hartford,  Conn. 

There  is  little^doubt  that  in  'Hamlet,' 
I.  iy.  36-8,  a  process  in  cheesemaking  is 
indicated. 


A  piece  of  dried  and  salted  stomach  of  a-, 
calf  (the  caul)  was  steeped  in  lukewarm 
water  overnight  ;  the  liquid  rennet  (about 
half  a  pint)  was  then  mixed  with  the  milk, 
which  slowly  clouts  or  clots.  The  solid 
part,  the  clot,  clout,  or  clod  (hence  clot  or 
clouted  cream  :  see  '  Friar  of  Orders  Grey  ')r 
sinks,  and  instead  of  a  tub  or  vat  of  nice- 
pure  white  milk,  there  is  seen  a  greenish,., 
unpleasant -looking  fluid. 

The  dram  of  caul  fulfils  its  mission- 
curds,  clots,  or  clouts  the  milk — and  leaves 
a  residue  of  which,  to  judge  from  its  appear- 
ance, the  dram  is  ashamed. 

This  is  an  old-fashioned  way  of  cheese- 
making  in  vogue  in  Shakespeare's  time,  and 
the  simile  would  be  generally  understood. 

The   dram   of*  caul,   the   pure   milk,   the- 
clotting  or  clouting,  and  the  residue  which 
scantles  or  scandalizes  the  dram  when  the 
result  is  seen,  all  hang  together  logically. 
OSWALD  COCKS. 

Derby. 

I  was  interested  in  H.  R.  D.'s  emendation 
of  this  passage.  I  have  always  taken 
"  eale  "  to  connote  something  the  opposite 
of  "  noble,"  and  thus  I  think  it  is  possibly 
a  mistake  for  "  base."  I  take  the  whote 
passage  to  mean  that  a  little  corruption 
spoils  the  purity  of  the  whole,  and  that  the- 
adulteration  leads  to  an  additional  count 
against  the  cause  of  corruption.  For  this 
emendation  one  has  of  course  no  other 
authority  than  one's  own  idea  of  sense. 

RICHMOND  NOBLE. 

SHAKESPEARE  :  A  SURVIVAL  OF  AUGURY 
(12  S.  v.  5). — The  subject  of  the  magpie  as  a 
bird  of  omen  was  discussed  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
nearly  thirty-two  years  ago  (see  7  S.  iii.  119, 
188,  298,  414,  524).  Various  and  extended 
rhymes  as  applied  to  the  bird  were  recorded,, 
but  the  following  seems  to  be  the  one  most 
largely  used  :  — 

One  for  sorrow, 

Two  for  mirth, 

Three  for  a  wedding, 

And  four  for  a  birth. 

There  appear  to  have  been  many  methods 
in  use  for  averting  the  catastrophe  of  sorrow. 
Some  aver  that  the  sight  of  four  birds 
prognosticates  death,  while  others  continue 
the  above  lines  as  follows  :  — 

Five  for  a  christening, 

Six  for  a  death,. 

Seven's  heaven,  eight  is  hell, 

And  nine's  the  devil  his  ane  sel. 

The  last  two  words   certainly  smack  of  a~ 
Scottish  origin.  JOHN  T.  PAGE 

Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 


12IS.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


117 


THE  CORRESPONDENCE  OF  RICHARD 
EDWARDS,  1669-79. 

<See  12  S.  iii.  1,  44,  81,  122,  161,  205,  244, 
262,  293,  323,  349,  377,  409,  439,  470,  498  ; 
iv.  39,  96,  151,  209,  267,  321  ;  v.  33.) 

LETTER  XCVI. 

Samuel  Bullivant  to  Richard  Edwards. 
(O.C.  3772.) 

Singee*  March  30th  1673 
3Vlr  Richard  Edwards 
and  loving  Friend 

Yours  of  the  19th  past  by  Mr 
^Carpenter  I  received  with  the  2  Shashest 
and  one  peice  of  Mulmull,J  for  which  I 
returne  you  many  thankes  and  hope  when 
you  meet  with  a  ps.  ord[inary]  Cossas,J  you 
will  remember  mee,  also  to  send  a  silke 
bridle  and  2  sett  of  silke  strings  as  in  my  last 
to  you  I  requested.  Pray  Sir,  when  any 
Cossid  comes  from  your  Factory  hither,  bee 
pleased  to  send  a  little  parsley  and  Lettice 
seed,  Colwort  seed,  or  any  other  seeds  that 
.are  procurable  with  you  or  the  Dutch  of 
Europe  sorts,  having  great  occation  here 
'for  a  few  of  them  ;  those  I  brought  up  with 
mee  were  spoiled. 

Pray  send  mee  5  or  6  more  of  those  ordinary 
•girdles  of  severall  colours. 

I  have  not  more  at  present  save  my 
respects  to  your  selfe  Etca.  Freinds,  and 
subscribe 

Your  reall  Freind  and  servant 

SAM:  BULLYVANT 

P.S.  pray  when  you  see  the  Dutch,  present 
•my  respects  to  them 

Idem     S.  B. 
1  [Endorsed]  For  Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Merchant  In  Cassimbuzar 


LETTER  XCVII. 

Edward  Littleton  to  Richard  Edwards. 

(O.C.  3773.) 

Hugly  the  primo  April!  1673 
Mr  Richard  Edwards 
Esteemed  friend 
Sir 

Yours  of  the  6  february  longe  since 
-received,  where  see  you  had  mine  of  the 
^  primo  ditto, §  and  that  had  received  the 

*  Singbiya.     See  Letter  LXXXIII. 

t  Turbans,  turban-cloths. 

t  Malmal,  "khassa.     See  Letters  VI.,  XCIV. 

§  See  Letter  LXXXVII.  As  stated  before 
(see  Letter  LXXIX.),  no  further  drafts  of 
Edwards 's  replies  to  his  correspondents  have 
fceen  traced. 


Palankee,  which  am  glad  of.  Mine  came 
very  well  to  hand,  and  for  your  care  therein 
return  you  many  thankes.  The  Amount  of 
what  you  Bought  att  the  outcry*  have 
received  of  Mr  Bugden.  Opportunities  of 
advise  hence  have  of  late  beene  Somewhat 
Scarce,  which  hath  beene  Some  Occasion  of 
my  tardinesse  herein.  Noe  more,  Save 
tender  of  all  Service,  rest 

Sir  Your  Assured  friend  and  ready  Servant 
EDWD  LITTLETON 

[Endorsed]  To  Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Merchant  In  Cassumbuzar 


LETTER  XCVIII. 

Thomas  Pace  to  Richard  Edwards. 

(O.C.  3774.) 
Ballasore   Aprill   the    1st   [1673] 

Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Respected  friend 

Nothing  of  much  Importance  Occur- 
ring, I  have  beene  Slack  in  writing,  which  I 
guess  may  be  the  Same  reason  that  I  have 
not  heard  from  you  Since  my  last.f  Which 
hope  you  received  and  therein  my  thanks 
for  your  Care  in  providing  those  things  I 
desired  of  you,  which  that  they  are  not  yet 
received  I  Cannot  Impute  in  the  least  to  any 
defect  on  your  part,  but  that  it  might  be 
Some  punctilio,  $  Either  that  he  with  whom 
you  left  them  [line  illegible]  If  you  Suppose 
there  may  doubts  be[illegible]  them  Con- 
cerriing  the  proceed  of  those  things  hither, 
that  you  would  by  the  next  to  Hugly  cleer 
[?  them]  And  be  pleased,  if  it  be  in  your 
power  to  Effect  it,  that  they  may  Come 
downe  by  the  first  Conveyance,  which  when 
it  maybe  is  uncertain,  for  the  ketch  Arrivall§ 
that  was  first  Ordred  downe  is  now  forbidden 
On  [sic]  fear  of  the  Dutch,  The  ne[ws]  of 
whose  transactions  both  here  in  In[dia  and 
Eu]rope  will,  I  suppose,  Come  to  yo[u  by] 
other  Conveyances.  So  I  shall  decline  [?  sup- 
ply]ing  you  with  any  thing  of  that  nature. 

Your  most  ready  fri[end  to]  serve  you 

THO:  PACE 

[Endorsed]  To  Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Merchant   In   Cassambazar 


*  The  auction  of  William  Bagnold's  effects. 
See  Letter  LXXXVIT. 

t  See  Letter  XCIII. 

J  Petty  formality. 

§  One  of  the  Company's  sloops  which  plied  up. 
and  down  the  Hugli  river  between  the  factories 
of  Balasor  and  Hugli. 


118 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  MAY,  1919. 


LETTER  XCIX. 

Edward  Eeade  W  Richard  Edwards. 

(O.C.  3777.) 

Ramsundrapore*  April  10th  1673. 
Mr  Richard  Edwards 
Esteemed  Good  friend, 

I  met  yours  of  the  1st  Current  in  this 
place,  and  should  be  very  glad  to  heare 
oftner  from  you  and  readily  serve  you  in 
any  thing,  and  am  sorry  you  are  not 
acquainted  with  the  Cossids  departure. 

I  am  glad  you  had  the  Tobyt  and  will 
make  good  for  it  4  r.  to  Mr  Bagnolds  small 
account,  and  though  that  evened  ours  then, 
yet  I  am  now  in  your  debt  and  likely  to  bee 
more,  you  haveirig,  I  thanke  you,  sent  mee 
strings'  and  promised  to  get  the  ps.  silke 
ready,  for  cost  whereof  please  to  order 
which  way  you  will  be  satisfyed  and  it  shall 
be  done,  and  at  all  times  a  greater  Summ 
disbursed  to  serve  your  occasions  here. 

Mr  Clavell  desiers  to  bee  remembered  to 
you  and  bids  mee  tell  you  he  is  almost  bare 
footed,  and  the  Slippers  now  sent  Mr 
GylliamJ  puts  him  in  mind  of  it.  My 
respects  unto  you  is  all  now  from 

Your  loveing  friend  to  Serve  you 

EDW:  READE 

[Endorsed]  For  Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Merchant  Tn  Cassumbuzar. 

LETTER  0. 

Edmund  Bugden  to  Richard  Edwards. 
(O.C.  3780.) 

Hugly,  13th  April  73. 
Mr  Richard  Edwards 
Respected  Freind, 

Yours  of  the  3d  current  with  the 
2  pr.  Cott  strings  and  six  breeches  strings, 
have  received,  for  which  and  the  trouble  of 
my  Shooes  makeing,  returne  you  hearty 
thankes  for,  giveing  you  Credit  for  them. 

I  have  received  of  Mr  Peacock  only  35  ru. 
as  yet.  When  receive  more,  shall,  according 
to  your  order,  if  firide  promt,  lay  it  out  and 
remit  it  you.  Pepper  is  here  16  r.  Per 
maund,  Copper  40  ru.,  Tinn,  hear  of  none 

*  Ramchandrapur,  the  Ramchundapour  of 
Rennell's  '  Atlas  of  Bengal '  (1778).  It  was 
situated  about  25  miles  east  of  Hugli,  and  seems 
now  to  be  represented  by  the  Raghunatpur  of 
the  Indian  Atlas  (1907). 

t  Jug  or  mug. 

{  Stephen  Gylliam  (whose  name  is  variously 
spelt  Guillym,  Guilyam,  Gwillham,and  Gwilliams) 
was  elected  writer  on  Oct.  24,  1671.  He  fell  a 
victim  to  the  epidemic  of  June  to  September, 
1677. 


come  in  this  Mallacca  ship  that  is  come  of 
the  Dutch ;  Copper  little ;  Tutariauge,*  a 
Quantity,  which  beleeve  may  be  Procured 
for  34  ru.,  which  if  you  desire,  T  will  Procure- 
The  good  news,  thankes  be  to  God,  wee- 
have  received  in  breife  fro'  Coast,  but  not 
without  some  bad,f  shall  not  rehearse  to  you, 
knowing,  if  you  have  it  not  fro'  Ballasore, 
Mr  Vincent  hath,  so  you  will  have  it,  and 
hope  ere  long  more  largely  fro'  your  residence,. 
By  way  of  Agra  ;  so  with  mine  and  Wifes. 
kinde  respects  to  you,  I  remain 

Yours  to  his  power 

EDMD.  BUGDEN 

My    kinde    respects    to    Mr    Marshall    &ca 
freinds. 
[Endorsed]  To  Mr  Richard  Edwards 

Merchant  In  Cassambazar 

R.  C.  TEMPLE. 

[We  regret  that  the  demands  on  the  space  of 
'N.  &  Q.'  prevent  us  from  publishing  more  of  this 
correspondence.] 


NEW  COLLEGE,  OXFORD. — The  repent  elec- 
tion of  Mr.  John  Burdon  Sanderron  Haldane 
to  an  ordinary  Fellowship  at  New  College 
induces  me  to  note  the  remarkable  fact 
of  a  father  and  son  being  both  Fellows  of 
the  same  College.  Mr.  J.  B.  S.  Haldane 
was  a  scholar  of  New  College,  and  took  a 
first  class  in  Mathematical  Moderations  in 
1912,  and  a  first  class  in  Classics  (Finals)  in 
1914.  Dr.  John  Scott  Haldane's  career 
need  not  be  set  out.  I  am  not  aware  of 
any  similar  instances,  but  possibly  readers 
can  supply  them.  Incidentally,  as  an  odd 
sequence  of  names,  New  College  possesses 
an  Abraham  (an  undergraduate),  a  Joseph 
(the  well-known  bursar),  and  a  Jacob  (a 
scholar) — a  most  interesting  series. 

OBSERVER. 

LITTLE  MONTAGUE  COURT,  LITTLE 
BRITAIN. — The  clearance  of  this  survival 
of  olden  London  is  impending,  and  it  has 
certain  features  of  interest  worth  recording 
before  its  site  is  obliterated  by  a  modern 
building.  The  name  celebrates  the  man- 
sion of  Lord  Montague  that  originally 
occupied  the  east  side  of  Little  Britain. 
The  adjoining  Cox's  Court  was  prior  to 
July,  1899,  Montague  Place. 

Most  noticeable  are  the  irregular  shape 
and  successive  angles  on  its  southern  side, 


*  Port,  tutenaga,  spelter. 

f  Bugden  seems  to  be  referring  to  the  victory 
claimed  by  the  English  at  South  wold  Bay,  the 
bad  news  being  the  loss  of  the  Royal  James  and 
death  of  the  Earl  of  Sandwich. 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.  | 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


119 


marking  the  varying  lengths  of  sites  com- 
mencing originally  in  Great  Montague  Court 
(Rocque  1746,  Strype  ed.  1720),  which  was 
•removed  in  some  alterations  of  the  frontages 
'for  the  eastern  arm  of  Little  Britain.  Several 
of  these  angles  have  inset  stone  brackets 
which  possibly  were  originally  carved,  and, 
therefore,  are  worth  preserving,  but  suc- 
cessive lime-washings  have  altogether  hidden 
their  original  form. 

The  end  house  has  peculiar  oblong  upper 
windows,  and  no  doubt  had  a  cornice  of 
considerable  size,  as  the  top  of  the  wall  is  now 
peculiarly  featureless.  On  the  left  of  the 
'Court  a  timber-roofed  chamber  with  brick 
floor  is  identified  by  local  tradition  as  the 
moi'tuary  of  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

In  my  earlier  recollections  of  the  Court 
it  was  occupied  by  some  small  industries, 
-and  the  residents  of  the  large  end  house 
beautified  it  by  window  -  gardening,  &c. 
Unfortunately,  in  an  a,ir-raid  an  incendiary 
bomb  dropped  in  the  neighbourhood  brought 
fire  and  disaster  to  this  quaint  corner,  and 
it  has  not  since  been  inhabited. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

RlPON  SPURS  AND  OTHER  GUARDED 
SPURS. — There  is  a  widely  circulated  belief 
that  the  craftsmen  of  Ripon  in  the  heyday 
of  their  fame— between  1610  and  1710— 
produced  among  other  masterpieces  spurs  so 
made  tha£  they  revealed  their  rowels  only 
when  pressed  against  the  flanks  of  the 
rider's  horse.  This  belief  was  encouraged 
by  the  late  Mr.  T.  C.  Heslington,  author  of 
the  ar-ticle  on  '  Rippon  Spurs  '  in  Mr. 
William  Andrews's  '  Bygone  Yorkshire,' 
quoted  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (8  S.  hi.  146)  ;  but  it 
proves  upon  inquiry  to  be  without  any 
foundation  in  fact! 

The  origin  of  this  fallacy  is  apparently  to 
be  found  in  a  pair  of  spurs  formerly  in  Mr. 
Heslington's  own  collection.  He  describes 
them  on  p.  25  of  his  paper  on  '  Ancient  Spurs, 
and  their  Manufacture  in  Ripon  '  (1883),  as 
-a  "  pair  of  silver  plated  spurs  with  spring 
rowel  guards.  .  .  .said  to  have  been  made  by 
Alderman  John  T-arry,"  the  last  Ripon 
spurrier,  who  died  in  1798.  He,  however, 
;adds  that  they  are  "  marked  '  Chester's 
patent,'  and  I  cannot  find  a  Ripon  spurrier 
of  that  name." 

An  examination  of  the  specifications  in 
the  Patent  Office  reveals  no  patentee  of  the 
name  of  Chester  ;  but  a  Thomas  Cheston, 
plater,  of  Birmingham,  took  out  a  patent 
(no.  1549)  in  1786  for  an  automatic  spur- 
rowel  guard,  and  Mr.  Heslington's  spurs  were 
210  doubt  his  work.  Rust  or  faulty  stamping 


would  easily  account  for  Mr.  Heslington's 
misreading  of  the  name.  •  The  present  writer 
is  unaware  of  the  exact  construction  of  these 
spurs,  as  Cheston' s  specification  is  without 
drawings  ;  but  apparently  the  guard  was  of 
what  is  now  termed  the  "  sleeve  "  variety, 
and  possessed  an  advantage  over  other  con- 
temporary spring  guards — those  of  Richard 
Ireland  Thurgood  (pat.  no.  1538)  and  Joseph 
Antley  (pat.  no.  1541),  both  patented  in 
1786 — in  that  it  might  be  removed  at  will, 
and  the  spur  worn  with  or  without  it,  without 
interfering  with  either  the  utility  or  artistic 
appearance  of  the  spur. 

There  is  no  discoverable  evidence  thab 
there  was  an  automatic  means  of  protecting 
the  rowel  or  other  stimulus  of  earlier  date 
than  Thurgood' s  patent,  though  many 
devices  whereby  the  rowel  could  be  tem- 
porarily "blinded,"  and  so  prevented  from 
doing  damage  to  the  dress  of  the  wearer 
when  dismounted,  are  to  be  seen  on  spurs 
of  the  eighteenth  century.  This  rendered 
them  peculiarly  suitable  for  use  by  ladies, 
but  in  every  case  the  mechanism  was  clumsy 
and  had  to  be  adjusted  by  hand. 

Devices  with  a  similar  object  were  in  use 
from  the  fourteenth  century.  Some  such 
mechanical  contrivance  may  have  distin- 
guished the  >l  esperons  a  femme  "  of  fifteenth - 
Century  inventories  ;  and  the  "  long  spurs  " 
of  the  same  period  were  often  provided  with 
special  rowels,  or,  according  to  some  writers, 
a  guard  over  the  rowel  and  neck  of  the  spur, 
to  prevent  entanglement  in  the  housings  then 
in  fashion.  At  one  period  clerics  wore  short 
prick-spurs  to  avoid  damage  to  their  gowns 
when  mounted  ;  while  in  the  seventeenth 
and  eighteenth  centuries  the  "  eperon  a  la 
chartreuse  "  was  relegated  to  the  use  of 
doctors,  barbers,  cures,  and  monks,  on 
account  of  the  ease  with  which  it  could  be 
removed  from  the  boot.  Why  barbers 
should  be  included  it  is  difficult  to  see,  unless 
the  origin  of  this  privilege  is  mediaeval,  for 
the  costume  of  barbers  at  this  late  date  did 
not  usually  include  a  gown. 

CHARLES  BEARD. 

"  NOS  HABITAT,  NON  TARTARA." At  11  S. 

ix.  429  J.  K.  asked  for  the  source  of — 

Nos  habitat,  non  tartara,  sed    nee    sidera    caeli, 

Spiritus  in  nobis,  qui  viget,  ilia  facit, 

which  he  had  found  at  the  end  of  the 
introduction  to  a  German  translation  of 
Cornelius  Agrippa's  '  Occult  Philosophy,' 
published  at  Stuttgart  in  1855. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  writer  of 
this  introduction  took  the  distich  from  a 
letter  of  Agrippa  to  Aurelius  ab  Aqua- 


120 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  MAY,  1919. 


pendente,  Sept.  24,  1527,  Epist.,  lib.  v.,  14 
part  ii.  p.  905  of  his  'Opera,'  Lyons,  s.a. 
In  this  letter  Agrippa  explains  to  his  oorre 
epondent  that  books  on  magic,  astrology, 
alchemy,  and  the  philosopher's  stone  are 
not  to  be  understood  literally,  but  are  to  be 
interpreted  by  a  spirit  within  us  :  "In  no  bis, 
inquam,  est  ille  mirandorum  operator "; 
and  then  comes  the  couplet  in  question. 

EDWARD  BEXSLY. 

A   LETTER   FROM   THE    "  KINGMAKER.  "- 
The     following     is     preserved     among     the 
archives  at  Arbury,  co.  Warwick  :  — 

Worshipful  and  withal  my  hert  Bight  interly 
welbeloved  cousyn  I  gret  you  well  and  thanke 
you  as  hertely  as  I  can  of  yr  good  zele  and  hertely 
cousyninge  to  me  showed  at  al  tymes  in  many 
and  diverse  behalves  And  in  especial  now  lat'  for 
ye  sendyng  of  your  men  to  me  my  last  going  to 
the  p'liament  wherein  you  did  me  Eight  thonkful 
service  and  Eight  grete  worship  c[er]tifyng  you 
that  well  late  the  king  hath  desired  and  charged 
me  to  be  with  hymm  at  Saynt  Albones  on  Satur- 
day next  com'yng  accompaigned  wl  suche  a 
feliship  as  that  I  may  and  be  content  in  cas 
the  commones  of  Kent  wel  be  rebel  and  be  not  to 
abay  the  lawes,  that  then  I  with  my  feliship  to  be 
assistyng  and  advantyng  uppon  his  p  sonne  that 
by  the  grace  of  our  god  lord  we  schal  be  of  power 
to  w*stand  ther  malice  and  evil  wil  wherefore 
I  pray  you  with  al  my  hert  with  suche  p'sonnes 
as  ye  now  arays  and  s'cure  ye  wel  send  to  me  at 
Warrewyke  yr  to  be  on  Wednesday  at  nyght  next 
com'ynge  in  sembleablewyse  I  wol  and  shal  do 
to  you  at  suche  tyme  ye  desyre  for  yor  worship 
And  thus  ye  wol  do  as  my  special  and  hertely 
trust  in  you  And  our  Lord  kepe  you  writen  in 
hast  at  Warricke  the  viij  day  of  June. 
(Signature)  EICHARD,  EBL  OP  WARREWYKE. 
To  ye  worshipful  and  withal  myne  hert  Eight 
interly  welbeloved  Cousyn  ye  Lord  Ferreres  of 
Charteley. 

J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

IRELAND  :  AN  EARLY  ITALIAN  MAP. — In 
his  interesting  paper  on  '  Early  Italian  Maps 
of  Ireland,'  published  in  the  Proceedings  of 
the  Royal  Irish  Academy,  vol.  xxx.  Section  C, 
1913,  pp.  411-26,  Mr.  Westropp  has  given  a 
list  of  Irish  place-names  occurring  on  early 
Italian  maps  from  1300  to  1600.  One  of  the 
maps  used  by  him  (ibid.,  p.  409)  is  that  of 
Conte  di  Ottomanno  Freducci  of  Ancona, 
dating  from  1497,  of  which  a  facsimile  was 
given  by  Nordenskiold  ('Periplus,'  Eng. 
trans.,  1897,  plate  xxii.).  It  has  apparently 
escaped  Mr.  Westropp's  attention  that 
another  map  drawn  by  Conte  Freducci — a 
chart  of  the  Atlantic  including  part  of  the 
New  World,  dating  from  1514  or  1515 
(Nordenskiold,  ibid.,  p.  64) — has  been  re- 
produced in  photographic  facsimile  by 
jEugenio  Casanova  ( '  La  Carta  Nautica  di  I 


Conte  Freducci,'  Firenze,  1824,  "  Fubbl.  del 
R.Ist.  di  Studi  Superiori  ").  This  map  is 
preserved  in  the  R.  Archivio  di  Stato  in 
Firenze.*  Ireland  is  not  named  on  the  map, 
but  the  coast-line,  which  is  coloured  in  blue,, 
bears  the  following  names,  reading  from 
North  to  East,  South,  West,  North.  I  have 
attempted  with  the  aid  of  Mr.  Westropp's 
lists  (loc.  cit.,  pp.  411-26)  to  identify  these 
names  so  far  as  possible.  The  identifications 
given  by  Casanova  (loc.  cit.,  pp.  65-66)  are 
frequently  wrong. 

p.  ros  (Port-rush). 

monet  (Bonamargy). 

verforda   (Lame   Lough). 

chenocfric   (Carrickfergus). 

caret'orda  (Carlingford). 

darche  (perhaps  Greeuore). 

c.  stet  (not  identified  by  Westroppf).. 

ordes  (Swords). 

irlandellea  (Irleand's  Eye). 

arconi   (not  identified  by  Westropp). 

vicello  (Wicklow). 

renas  (perhaps  Eosslare). 

ocsorda  (Wexford). 

elebano  (Bannow). 

fredit  (Fcthard). 

condab  (Tower  of  Hook). 

ertarnoi    (perhaps  Tramore). 

ormam  (Ardraore). 

n.inart  (Ardigna  Head). 

valicot  (Ballycottin   Bay). 

adelfronda  (Kinsale).  « 

c.  veio  (Old  Head). 

camelat   (Timoleague). 

donborg  (perhaps  Eoss  Carbery). 

c.  cavcna  (perhaps  Killaconcnegh). 

oroxei  (Dorsey  Island). 

boreal  (Iveragh  Barony). 

dru6rt  (Valentia  Island). 

ledeng  (Dingle).  K 

s.  brand an  (Mount  Brandon).  ,.     .. 

c.  astronbre  (Kerry  Head). 

lamerich   (Limerick). 

ocam  (Oranmore). 

lacheric  (Clew  Bay  Islands). 

bordellai   (Burrishoole). 

coiniadclla  (nerhaps  Teeling). 

y.  tnconel  (tTirconnell  Isles). 

To  the  west  of  Ireland  are  the  "  Fantastic- 
Islands  "  marked  "  bra9il  "  and  "  las  maidas."' 
on  which  see  Westropp,  Proc.  E.I.Acad.,. 
vol.  xxx.  Section  C,  1912,  p.  241. 

It  is  worthy  of  note,  as  showing  how  great 
bhe  intercourse  between  Ireland  and  the 
[talian  maritime  states  must  'have  been  in 
those  times,  that  whereas  there  are  37  names 
recorded  on  the  Irish  coasts,  there  are  but 
48  on  those  of  England,  and  2  only  on  those 
of  Scotland,  which  appears  as  an  island. 

M.  ESPOSITO. 


*  For  a  full  description  of  the  map,  with  detail* 
as  io  do.te  and  personality  of  the  cartographer,, 
cf.  Casanova,  pp.  1-52. 

t  Ibid.,  p.  423.  Casanova  (p.  65)  give* 
"  Stet-head." 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


121 


"  FIRE  OUT."  (See  10  S.  vii.  308  ; 
viii.  37,  454  ;  11  S.  i.  405.)—  Add  the  following 
quotation,  in  which  the  meaning  of  the 
phrase  appears  to  be  not  unlike  the  modern 
meaning  :  — 

"  Enter  Two  Gentlemen. 

1  Gent.     I  would  fain  go  in,  but  I  have  spent  all 
my  money. 

2  Gent.     No  matter,  they  shall  not  know  so 
•much  till  we  get  in,  and  then  let  me  alone,  I'll 
not  out  till  I  be  fir'd  out." 

This  occurs  in  Act  III.  (?  sc.  iii.  :  the  scenes 
^are  not  divided  by  numbers)  of  '  The  Royal 
King  and  Loyal  Subject,'  by  Thomas 
Heywood,  printed  1637,  "  but  it  is  to  be 
•observed,  that  it  is  spoken  of  in  the  Epilogue 
<is  an  old  play,  and  fitted  to  some  former 
season"  See  '  Old  Plays  ;  being  a  Con- 
tinuation of  Dodsley's  Collection,'  1816, 
vol.  vi.  p.  276  (misprinted  267)  and  p.  221. 

It  may  be  that  "fir'd  out  "  in  the  above 
extract  implies  a  meaning  somewhat  similar 
•to  that  in  "  Get  you  from  my  door,  you 
beggarly  companions,  or  I'll  wash  you  hence 
with  hot  scalding  water  "  (p.  275).  This 
threat,  however,  is  not  addressed  to  the 
"  Two  Gentlemen,"  although  in  the  same 
scene.  :  .  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 


COINS  OF  THE  ANCIENT  BRITONS.  —  In 
presenting  to  the  Trustees  of  the  British 
^Museum  the  magnificent  collection  of  ancient 
British  and  other  coins  made  by  his  father, 
the  late  Sir  John  Evans,  K.C.B.  (which 
ai  umbers  some  1,700  pieces,  and  had  long 
been  famous  as  one  of  the  most  complete 
of  its  kind  in  any  cabinet,  public  or  private), 
'Sir  Arthur  Evans,  F.B.A.,  says  :  — 

"  I  have  felt  that  our  National  Museum  had 
•the  highest  claim  to  the  possession  of  what,  in 
fact,  is  a  Unique  illustration  of  an  interesting 
•chapter  of  our  '  island  story  '  —  the  first  satis- 
factory record  of  which,  largely  based  on  this 
•collection,  was  indeed  supplied  by  my  father's 
work  on  '  The  Coinage  of  the  Ancient  Britons.' 
How  few  realize  that  a  century  and  a  half  before 
the  Roman  Conquest  the  early  Belgic  invaders 
had  not  only  brought  Britain  within  the  range  of 
classical  influences,  but  had  actually  introduced  a 
graduated  coinage  derived  from  that  of  Philip 
of  Macedon.  No  one,  certainly,  who  has  not 
-studied  the  numismatic  evidence  can  have  any 
idea  of  the  extent  to  which,  with  '  the  felt 
approach  '  of  Imperial  Rome,  these  influences  had 
developed  before  the  days  of  the  Claudian  Con- 
quest. I  do  not  expect  that  many  of  those 
acquainted  with  Shakespeare's  '  Cymbeline  ' 
realize  that  such  a  prince  actually  existed  in 
ancient  Britain  under  not  very  different  con- 
ditions of  palace  life  and  foreign  relations,  still 
'less  that  he  and  his  colleagues  in  the  British  pre- 
decessors of  Colchester,  St.  Albans,  and  other 
towns  were  striking  coins  with  finely  executed 
•Greece-Roman  types  and  Latin  inscriptions.  At 
£he  present  time,  indeed,  these  first  advertisements 


of  a  British  claim  to  enter  the  circle  of  civilized 
nations  may  have  a  certain  interest  even  for  those 
who  are  not  archaeologists.  In  the  early  Belgic 
issues  on  British  soil,  too,  they  may  find  a  season- 
able reminder  of  the  permanence  of  the  geo- 
graphical ties  that  bind  us  to  our  continental 
neighbours,  which  are  still  of  such  vital  conse- 
quence to  us  after  the  lapse  of  over  two  millennia." 

Me. 

WESTMINSTER  HALL  ROOF. — A  curious 
superstition  has  clung  to  this  building 
through  the  centuries,  which  I  have  not 
heard  applied  to  any  other,  though  presum- 
ably this  is  not  the  only  structure  in  England 
employing  Irish  timber.  The  printed  source 
apparently  is  to  be  found  in  a  small  quarto 
tract,  pointing  out  the  consequences  of  the 
p]ague5  by  Benjamin  Spenser,  entitled 
"  Vox  civitatis  ;  or,  London's  complaint 
against  her  children  in  the  covntrey,  1625." 
It  runs  :  — 

"  Westminster  Hall  so  full  of  cobwebs,  though 
(as  they  say)  it  be  built  of  Irish  wood,  where  no 
spider  will  endure.  It  may  be  so,  for  all  the 
spiders  are  below."  ^ 

WM.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

Officers'  Mess,  Repatriation  Camp,  Winchester. 

A  WALTON  RELIC.  (See  9  S.  vii.  188,  410, 
495.)_The  relic  referred  to  at  above  refer- 
ences has  been  recently  sold,  and  consider- 
able correspondence  has  taken  place  in  The 
Times,  with  the  result  that  the  J.  D.  Ander- 
son of  1646  has  been  traced  by  Mr.  Marston 
of  The  Fishing  Gazette  to  the  Rev.  J.  Dauncey 
Anderson,  who  was  many  years  Vicar  of 
Thornton  Watlass,  near  Bedale,  Yorks, 
and  died  May,  1900.  The  initials  I.  W. 
probably  are  those  of  the  maker  John  Wade 
of  about  1800;  he  was  a  famous  maker  of 
these  leather  creels. 

It  may  be  desirable  to  record  this  in  the 
pages  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  for  the  benefit  of  future 
collectors  of  relics  of  Walton. 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

INTERMENT  IN  GRAVES  BELONGING  TO 
OTHER  FAMILIES. — A  question  was  asked 
at  10  S.  i.  9  as  to  whether  this  practice  is 
sometimes  permitted,  and  no  instances  are 
given  in  reply.  In  transcribing  the  Deane 
Parish  Registers  for  the  Lancashire  Parish 
Register  Society,  I  came  across  the  following 
under  date  1660  :  — 

"  Jony  Milles  of  Windyates  in  Westhaughton, 
widow,  buried  in  that  place  in  the  Church  where 
her  husband  Gyles  Milles  was  by  leave  of  their 
neighbour  Barnaby  Markland,  but  hereafter 
desireing  no  further  in  that  kind,  according  to 
former  agreement  made  at  the  tyme  of  the 
buriall  of  Jane  Milles  their  daughter." 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 


122 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  t,2s.v  MAT.19ia 


(Qwrus. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


BRISTOL  WILLS  MISSING. — We  have  lost 
from  our  Cathedral  records  a  parcel  of  old 
wills  dating  round  the  year  1500.  The 
parcel  contains  49  leaves.  Will  you  be  so 
good  as  to  make  known  our  loss,  caused 
through  the  sudden  death  of  a  Bristol 
gentleman  who  was  indexing  our  records  ? 
The  parcel  was  not  found  in  his  house,  and 
we  can  only  surmise  that  some  one  had 
borrowed  it.  Several  attempts  to  discover 
these  wills  have  so  far  failed. 

(Canon)  J.  G.  ALFORD. 
The  Cathedral,  Bristol. 

BYRON'S  BUST  AT  OXFORD. — Can  any 
one  kindly  tell  me  from  what  bust  of  the 
poet  in  youth  the  beautiful  cast  in  the 
Oxford  Public  Library  is  copied  ?  I  have 
vainly  endeavoured  to  find  out  at  Oxford 
the  name  of  the  sculptor  who  executed  the 
original,  but  my  theory  that  it  may  be  a 
copy  from  Thorwald  sen's  famous  work 
remains  unsubstantiated.  Nor  could  I  learn 
where  that  portrait  bust  now  is  since  Lady 
Broughton  (daughter  of  John  Cam  Hob- 
house)  bequeathed  it  to  the  King. 

The  supreme  beauty,  which  Byron's  con- 
temporaries found  so  wonderful  is  better 
conveyed  in  this  noble  young  head  than  in 
any  other  portrait  known  to  me.  Hence 
my  appeal  to  your  readers  for  information- 
which  I  could  not  obtain  at  the  Oxford 
Public  Library,  where  one  might  have 
hoped  for  it,  considering  the  fame  of  both 
the  artist  and  the  poet.  Y.  T. 

R.  S.  SURTEES. — Could  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  information  concerning  the 
life  of  R.  S.  Surtees,  author  of  '  Handley 
Cross,'  '  Sponge's  Sporting  Toiir,'  &c.  ? 
The  materials  for  a  life  of  this  gentleman 
are  extraordinarily  small.  That  he  was 
born  in  1803  ;  was  at  Durham  School,  and 
left  in  1819;  went  into  a  solicitor's  office  in 
London  ;  founded  The  New  Sporting  Maga- 
zine in  1831,  and  was  editor  till  1836  ;  was 
Parliamentary  candidate  for  Gateshead  in 
1837,  but  did  not  proceed  to  a  poll  ;  was 
High  Sheriff  for  Durham  in  1856,  and  died 
at  Brighton  in  1864,  constitutes  almost  all 
that  we  know  of  him. 

Mr.  Ralph  Nevill  in  his  book  '  Tlie  Man 
of  Pleasure '  (Chatto  &  Windus,  1912), 
pp.  138-9,  speaks  of  him  as  at  college.  If 


this  is  correct,  which  University  was  it, 
and  when  ?  The  Fame  gentleman  in  a- 
book  called  '  The  Merry  Past '  speaks  of 
him  (p.  88)  as  keeping  hounds  at  Boulogne 
somewhere  about  1818-19.  This  surely  is 
an  error  ;  he  would  only  have  been  about 
15  or  16  years  of  age. 

I  should  be  very  glad  of  any  information 
as  to  his  life  at  Brighton,  or  directions  as 
to  where  information  could  be  obtained. 

G.  FENWICK. 

The  Hall,  Higham  Dykes,  Newcastle-on-Tyne. 

[The  'Diet.  Nat.  Biog.'  devotes  nearly  three- 
columns  to  Surtees,  and  supplies  some  additional 
personal  details.  Various  authorities  are  named 
at  the  end  of  the  article.] 

GLADSTONE  ON  DANTE. — I  am  told  that 
an  article  entitled  'The  Natural  History  of 
Dante,'  by  the  Right  Hon.  W.  E.  Gladstone,, 
appeared  in  The  Nineteenth  Century.  Tha 
only  clue  I  have  as  to  the  date  of  its  publica- 
tion is  that  it  appeared  just  before  Canon. 
Vaughan's  article  on  '  The  Birds  of  Dante  ' 
in  The  Churchman  of  May,  1894.  If  any  of 
your  readers  can  tell  me  where  I  can  obtain, 
copies  of  either  of  these  articles,  I  shall  be 
greatly  obliged.  In  any  case  I  shall  welcome 
details  concerning  the  first  mentioned. 

HUGH  S.  GLADSTONE. 

40  Lennox  Gardens,  S.W.I. 

SIR  FRANCIS  ANDERSON'S  DESCENDANTS. 
— I  seek  genealogical  details  about  the 
descendants  of  John,  Roger,  George,  Robert,. 
Francis,  and  Thomas  Ander.-on,  eons  of  Sir 
Francis  Anderson  (bapt.  1614)  by  his  wife 
Jane,  dau.  of  John  Denton  of  Barnard 
Castle,  Esq.  Sir  Francis  was  member  of 
Parliament  for  the  borough  of  Newcastle- 
on-Tyne  in  the  "  Healing  Parliament." 
Did  any  of  the  descendants  of  the  sons- 
mentioned  above  migrate  to  St.  Petersburg  ? 
JAMES  SETON- ANDERSON. 

18  Culverden  Down,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

ENGLISH  PARISHES  IN  1705.— The  Lambeth 
Library  is  said  to  contain  an  interesting; 
return  of  the  state  of  the  parishes  of  England 
in  1705.  Where  can  I  see  a  description  of 
this  return,  indicating  its  scope,  &c.  ? 

J.  HAMBLEY  ROWE,  M.B. 

ANGUISH  STREET  :  "  SCORES." — In  the  old 
fishing  town  of  Lowestoft  is  an  Anguish 
Street.  Can  it  be  that  the  street  owes  its 
name  to  the  grief  of  the  fishermen's  wives ^ 
bereaved  so  often  by  the  ?.ea  ?  In  Lowes  - 
toft,  too,  the  steep  narrow  lanes  (many  of 
which  have  steps)  leading  from  the  old 
fishing  town  to  the  top  of  the  hill  are  called 
"  Scores."  What  does  the  name  mean  ? 

J.  R.  H. 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


KOTEJS  AND  QUERIES. 


CAPT.  PALLISER. — I  should  much  like  to 
get  into  communication  for  historical  pur- 
poses with  the  representatives  of  Capt. 
Palliser,  \vho  was  distinguished  for  his 
exploration  work  in  Canada — crossing  the 
Rocky  Mountains,  &c. 

DAVID  Ross  McCoRD. 
McCord  National  Museum, 

Temple  Grove,  Montreal. 

SCOTCHMAN'S  POST. — In  walking  over  the 
Horwich  Moors  recently  I  saw  an  iron  post 
which  goes  by  this  name,  and  which,  I  am 
told,  commemorates  the  murder  of  a 
Scotchman  (travelling  bargee)  which  took 
place  many  years  ago.  Particulars  wil 
oblige.  J.  W.  S. 

'  THREE  BLACK  CROWS.' — Who  wrote  '  The 
Three  Black  Crows  '  ?  C.  V.  D. 

VICKERS  FAMILY  OF  FULHAM. — John  Vic 
kers  of  Fulham,  Middlesex,  died   1672,  hi> 
wife's    name    being    Margaret.     They    hac 
four    children  :    John,    James,    Jacob,    anc 
Mary.     John    died    on    the    voyage    home 
from  Balasor,  Bengal.     His  wilf  was  dated 
Feb.     19,     1073,     and     administration    was 
granted  to  his  brother  Jacob  on  Sent.    10 
1673.      • 

Can  any  correspondent  give  additional 
information,  about  this  family  or  tell  me 
Margaret's  maiden  name  ? 

WM.  JACKSON  PIOOTT. 

Manor  House,  Dunclrum,  co.  Down. 

MAY. — Information  is  desired  concerning 
the  following  Mays  who  were  educated  at 
Westminster  School  :  — 

1.  Arthur,  admitted  in  1738,  aged  11. 

2.  Florentius,  admitted  in  1745,  aged  13. 

3.  Florentius,   admitted   in    1777. 

4.  Henry,    who    matriculated    at    Oxford 
March  21,  1823,  from  Magd.  Hall. 

5.  John,  admitted  in  1770. 

6.  Joseph,  admitted  in  1738,  aged  8. 

7.  Rose,  admitted  in  1777. 

8.  Thoma?,  admitted  in  1817,  aged  13. 

9.  William,  son  of  Rose  (or  Roseherring) 
May  of  Spanish  Town,  Jamaica,  admitted 
to  Trin.  Coll.,  Camb.,  in  1779. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

LABOUR-IN-VAIN  STREET,  SHAD  WELL. — 
What  is  the  origin  of  this  strange  name  ? 

J.  ARDAGH. 

"TALKS  ABOUT  OLD  LONDON." — Some 
yon:-}  ago  a  series  of  articles  with  this  title 
appeared  in  The  Evening  News.  Any 
pa-hlcular^  (including  dates  of  first  and  last 
a";  i  ,'les)  will  be  useful.  J.  ARDAGH. 

C»~>  Church  Avenue,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 


MARLIPINS.— I  have  failed  to  find  this 
word  in  the  '  New  English  Dictionary  '  or 
in  any  of  the  past  series  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  It  is 
apparently  a  Sussex  word  ;  and  an  inn  in 
Shoreham,  I  am  informed,  bears  the  name 
of  "  The  Marlipins."  What  does  it  mean  ? 
Is  it  akin  to  "  marlinspike  "  ?  "  Spike  " 
and  "  pin  "  in  a  mechanical  contrivance  are 
easily  interchangeable.  Shoreham  has  for 
centuries  been  a  resort  of  seafaring  men,  and 
nautical  terms  are  apt  to  vary  with  time. 
ALBAN  DORAN. 

The  Athenaeum,  S.W.I. 

[The,  Sussex  Daily  News  of  Jan.  22  of  the  present 
year  contained  a  long  report  of  a  paper  by  Mr. 
Burton  Green  on  Shoreham,  in  which  he  claimed 
to  have  solved  the  riddle  of  the  "  Marlipins."  He 
stated  that  in  1367  John  le  Potere  of  New  Shore- 
ham  devised  "  a  stone-built  corner  tenement 
called  '  Mai  duppine  '  in  the  market-place  "  ; 
and  he  traced  the  history  of  the  building,  tinder 
the  forms  "  Mai  aduppnes,"  "  Malappynn^s,"  &c., 
down  to  1500.  The  Templars  had  a  chapel  at 
Shoreham,  the  history  of  which  M.r.  Burton  Green 
also  related  ;  and  he  argued  that  "  Marleypins  " 
represents  "  Mai  dubbia.ns,"  the  name  of  the 
meeting-place  of  the  Templars.] 

"THE  LIGHT  INVISIBLE."— The  late  Mgr. 
R.  H.  Benson  wrote  a  book  with  this  name. 
Mr.  E.  F.  Benson  in  '  Up  and  Down  '  seems 
at  p.  139  to  ascribe  the  phrase  to  St.  Paul  :  — 

"What    does    St.    Paul    call    it?      'The    light 
invisible,'  isn't  it?     That  is  exactly  descriptive. 
'  The  light  invisible,  the  uncreated  light.'  " 
From  whom  does  Mr.  E.  F.  Benson  really 
quote  ? 

I  had  always  assumed  that  Mgr.  Benson 
took  the  title  of  his  book  from  Wordsworth's 

The  light  that  never  was  on  sea  or  land, 

The  consecration  and  the  poet's  dream. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

JOSEPH  KNIBB,  CLOCKMAKER. — On  p.  181 
of  Mr.  Arthur  Hay  den's  '  Chats  on  Old 
Clocks  '  (T.  Fisher  Unwin,  1917)  is  figured  a 

lock  by  this  maker,  when  in  retirement  at 
Oxford,  dated  1690  ;  height  12  in.,  width 
8  in.,  and  depth  5  in.  A  very  similar,  but 
probably  earlier,  clock  by  the  same  maker  is 
on  the  mantelpiece  of  the  room  in  which  I 
am  writing  ;  and,  as  several  contributors  to 

N.  &  Q.'  are  interested  in  old  clocks,  it 
may  be  permissible  to  give  some  particulars 
n  which  it  differs  from  the  one  delineated  in 
}he  above  work  "  by  courtesy  of  Percy 
Webster,  Esq." 

1.  It  has  not  got  the  scrollwork  on  the 
sides  of  the  frame. 

2.  It  was  made  in  London,  but  is  undated. 

3.  It   stands   on  brass  feet,   such  as   are 
ound   in   lantern   brais   clocks   of   contem- 
porary date. 


124 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[128.  V.  MAY,  1919. 


I     4.  It  has  brass  lattice-work  at  the  sides. 

5.  It  has  IV,  and  not  IIII.  on  the  silver- 
plated  hour  circle. 

6.  Its  dimensions  are  14  by  10  by  6  in. 

7.  It    records    the    day    of    the    month. 
(This  is  seldom  accurate.) 

8.  It  has  two  bells  for  striking,  and  its 
way  of  striking  is,  I  think,  unique.     We  will 
call  the  two  bells  A  and  B.     The  clock  strikes 
on  A  for  I,  and  on  B  for  V.     Thus  IV  is 
struck  A,  B  ;  VII,  B,  A,  A  ;  IX,  A,  B,  B  ; 
XII,  B,  B,  A,  A. 

I  should  like  to  hear  of  other  old  clocks 
with  IV  on  the  dial,  and  with  a  similar 
method  of  striking. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWBTGHT. 

JOHN  WINTER,  DIAL-MAKEB. — In  the 
churchyard  of  Crosby,  Ravensworth,  West- 
morland, is  a  sundial  on  a  pedestal,  bearing 
the  inscription  "John  Winter.  Latd.  54.35. 
A.D.  1724."  Is  anything  known  of  this 
man  ?  J.  W.  F. 

REV.  HENRY  GUY,  CHAPIAIN  TO  KING 
CHARLES  II. — He  was  still  living  in  or 
about  1706.  Can  any  reader  give  any  par- 
ticulars about  him  ?  J.  W.  F. 

WILLIAM  HENRY  WILLS  ON  DR.  DODD. — 
In  '  Glances  back  through  Seventy  Years  ' 
(1893)  Henry  Vizetelly  says  (vol.  i.  p.  247) 
that  W.  H.  Wills 

"  wrote  a  successful  play  or  two,  one  of  which,  on 
the  well-known  incident  of  Dr.  Dodd's  conviction 
for  forgery,  gave  the  author  the  opportunity  of 
introducing  a  score  or  two  of  notable  personages 
of  the  time,  including  George  III.,  the  Earl  of 
Chesterfield,  Dr.  Johnson,  with  Boswell  dogging 
his  footsteps  note-book  in  hand,  Burke,  Gold- 
smith, Sir  Joshua  Reynolds,  and  even  Jonathan 
Wild  and  Blueskin.  The  piece  was  played  at  the 
Surrey,  and  Vrfle,  I  remember,  was  great  in  the 
principal  comic  part." 

Can  I  be  informed  in  what  year,  and  where, 
his  apparently  picturesque  drama  was 
produced,  and  if  it  was  printed  ?  Vizetelly 
gives  no  clue  to  the  date,  but  his  attribution 
to  William  Henry  Wills  (1810-80),  and  not 
to  William  .  Gorman  Wills  (1828-91),  the 
contemporary  dramatist,  is  clear  enough. 

W.  B.  H. 

ANDREWS  AND  HARDY  FAMILIES. — I 
should  be  grateful  if  any  one  could  tell  me 
the  Christian  name  and  surname  of  the  wife 
of  Capt.  Charles  Savery  Andrews,  24th  Regi- 
ment of  Foot,  aide-de-camp  to  the  Duke  of 
Kent  while  in  Canada.  His  daughter 
Frances  Offley  Andrews  married  as  first  wife 
Sir  Thomas  Duffus  Hardy,  Keeper  of 
H.M.  Records.  LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

Essex  Lodge,  Ewell. 


GOOD  FRIDAY  PLEASURE  FAIRS. — Can  any 
reader  supply  a  reference  to  sources  of 
information  bearing  on  Good  Friday  other- 
wise than  a3  a  day  of  religious  commemora- 
tion ?  In  at  least  three  instances  that  have 
come  to  my  notice — i.e.,  at  Marple  (Cheshire), 
Ramsbottom  (Lanes),  and  Llanrwst  (N. 
Wales) — it  has  been  the  custom  on  this  day 
to  hold  a  kind  of  pleasure  fair  on  some 
neighbouring  high  place,  which  is  attended 
by  folk  of  the  poorer  (and  therefore  the  more 
conservative)  sort.  Sometimes  the  magni- 
ficence of  swingboats  and  "  merry-go- 
rounds  "  is  attained  ;  but  at  Llanrwst  there 
is  (or  was)  merely  the  setting-up  of  booths 
or  stalls  for  the  sale  of  sweets  or  "  fairings," 
at  a  remote  and  lofty  spot  in  the  woods,  by 
a  class  of  folk  who  rarely  visit  such  a  spot  at 
ordinary  times.  W.  P.  ELIAS. 

HON.  JOHN  SHAKESPEAR  OF  JAMAICA.— 
Can  any  one  give  me  information  regarding 
the  Hon.  John  Shakespear,  member  of  the 
Legislature  of  Jamaica,  and  proprietor  of 
Hodges-Penn,  St.  Elizabeth's  parish,  in  that 
island  ?  JOHN  SHAKESPEAR. 

DERBY  OF  1811.— WTiere  can  I  get  an 
account  of  the  race  ?  JQHN  SHAKESPEAB. 

c/o  Grindlay  &  Co., 

54  Parliament  Street.  S.W.I. 

PULESTON    OF    GRESFORD    AND    HANTS. — I 

should  like  to  trace  the  marriages  of  this 
family.  One  John  Puleston  married 
Katharine  Cozens  from  Hants  ;  and  Joan 
Puleston  married  Joseph  Flecker,  M.D. 
Are  there  any  Puleston  marriages,  &c.,  in 
parish  registers  ?  (Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 

Finchampstead,  Berks. 

EXCHANGE  OF  SOULS  IN  FICTION. — I  shall 
be  glad  to  learn  the  titles  of  works  of  fiction, 
in  English,  French,  or  Spanish,  where  the 
plot  of  the  story  rests  upon  an  exchange  of 
souls  between  two  living  persons,  or  as  in  the 
case  Mrs.  W.  K.  Clifford  uses  in  her  new 
novel,  '  Miss  Fingal.'  In  this  case  one 
person  dies,  and  the  soul  enters  the  body  of 
a  friend.  ARTEMISIA. 

REV.  DR.  CLENOCK. — Information  as  to 
this  worthy  and  acknowledged'  Welshman, 
who  was  the  first  Rector  of  the  English 
Catholic  College,  Rome,  will  be  esteemed. 
WTiere  and  when  was  he  born,  and  when  did 
tie  die  ?  ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

[The  account  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  says  only  that 
Maurice  Clenocke  or  Clynog  was  "  a  native  of 
Wales."  He  "  retired  about  1580  to  Rouen, 
where  he  embarked  on  board  a  ship  bound  for 
Spain,  and  was  drowned  at  sea."] 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


125 


"BAYNINGE"  AND  "  BLANKETT,"  OBSO- 
LETE NAMES  OF  BIRDS. — In  the  thirteenth 
volume  of  Archveologia  (1800,  pp.  315-89) 
there  is  given  a  curious  "  Breviare  "  of  direc- 
tions for  the  ordering  of  a  nobleman's 
house,  which  contains  the  names  of  about 
sixty-three  birds,  most  of  whioh  can  be 
identified,  but  two  at  least  are  quite  un- 
intelligible— "  Bayninge  "  and  "  Blankett  " 
(also  spelt  "Blonket").  "Bayninge"  is 

Eossibly  a  diminutive,  meaning  the  little 
ay  or  red  bird,  but  of  what  species  ?  The 
name  "  Blankett "  may  perhaps  signify 
some  sort  of  wild  duck  of  a  grey  colour,  in 
which  sense  the  adjective  "  bloncket "  is 
used  by  Spenser.  Any  explanatory  assist- 
ance regarding  these  two  obsolete  names 
will  be  gratefully  acknowledged. 

J.    H.    GURNEY. 
Keswick  Hall,  Norwich. 

THE  ANT-BEAR  AND  THE  TORTOISE. — In 
Major  Leonard's  '  The  Lower  Niger  and  its 
Tribes,'  1906,  p.  314,  it  is  said  that  the 
natives  have  elevated  the  tortoise  to  the 
sovereignty  of  the  beasts  of  the  forest. 
One  motive  for  this,  according  to  the  author, 
is  that 

"The  animal  in  question  can  exist  longer  with- 
out food  than  perhaps  any  other  animal  of  its 
gloomy  forests,  or  indeed  of  other  countries,  the 
ant-bear  of  Brazil  alone  excepted." 

The  tortoise's  extreme  indifference,  to 
hunger  is  proverbial  in  China.  But  is 
the  same  trait  of  the  ant-bear  a  well- 
ascertained  fact  ?  And,  if  so,  where  can 
I  find  an  account  of  it  ? 

KUMAGUSU   MlNAKATA. 
Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

RICHARD  SNOW. — Particulars  wanted  of 
the  i parentage  and  marria.ge  of  Richard 
Snow,  who  was  buried  at  Pilton,  near  Barn- 
staple,  in  1791,  aged  80.  Wife's  name  Mary. 
Neither  baptized  nor  married  at  either 
place.  H.  D. 

LORD  ROBERTS  :  HOUSE  IN  WHICH  HE 
DIED. — On  Nov.  18,  1914,  I  w^ote  from 
Lausanne — where  I  then  lived — to  the 
editor  of  The  Daily  Mail  to  suggest  that 
a  movement  should  be  made  to  purchase  the 
house  in  St.  Omer  where  Lord  Roberts 
died,  and  keep  it  as  a  memorial  of  the  great 
soldier.  As  far  as  I  am  aware,  my  letter 
did  not  appear  in  the  paper,  and  no  action 
has  been  taken  in  any  way.  It  would  be 
well  to  put  on  record  the  name  of  the  street 
and  the  number  of  the  house.  Can  some  one 
supply  these  details  ? 

HERBERT  SOUTH AM. 


WILLIAM  SIMPSON  FORD  OF  HOLYWEIL 
STREET.— I  shall  be  glad  to  learn  if  any- 
thing has  been  recorded  of  this  interesting 
publisher,  who  in  1846  issued  W.  A.  Dela- 
motte's  '  Account  of  the  Royal  Hospital 
of  St.  Bartholomew,'  &c.  This  work,  now 
becoming  scarce,  is  worth  examination. 
The  illustrations  by  the  author  are  litho- 
graphs drawn  on  zinc  plates,  and  while 
the  second  or  half  title,  printed  from  type 
in  two  colours,  shows  that  the  book  was 
first  published  when  Ford  was  at  304  Strand , 
the  first  title,  lithographed,  gives  his  later 
address  of  18  Holywell  Street,  Strand. 

In  some  copies  a  catalogue  of  Ford's 
publications  is  inserted,  and  besides  this 
work  his  productions  were  engravings  and 
lithographs.  There  are  mezzotints  by 
James  Stubbs,  etchings,  wood  engravings, 
&c.  ;  and  the  same  author -artist,  W.  A. 
Delamotte,  provided  a  lithograph  "drawn 
on  zinc  "  :  "  Henry  VIII.  and  Ann  Boleyii, 
vide  '  Windsor  Castle,'  an  Historical 
Romance  by  "W".  Harrison  Ainsworth,  Esq." 

Ford  dealt  in  prints,  autograph  letters, 
old  books,  &c..  and  was,  I  believe,  related 
to  Ford  of  Islington  Greoii.  His  business 
was  at  least  so  refreshingly  different  from 
that  usual  in  Holywell  Street  that  his 
enterprise  is  worth  recording. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

REV.  W.  BARTLETT. — The  Rev.  William 
Bartlett,  Rector  of  Newark  and  East  Stoke, 
Nottingham,  died  May,  1835,  aged  65. 
Will  any  descendants  communicate  with 
me  ?  H.  R.  P.  BAKER. 

DR.  T.  HARRISON.— Dr.  Thomas  Harrison, 
of  Mitford  Villa,  near  Bath,  was  living  in 
1840.  I  shall  be  glad  if  any  descendants 
will  communicate  with  me. 

H.  R.  P.  BAKER. 

77  Accrington  Road,  Blackburn. 

CONVEX  LIGHTS  AND  CONIC  LIGHTS, 
c  1700. — In  the  wardens'  accounts  of  one 
of  the  City  guilds  the  following  item  occurs 
vear  after  year,  between  1696  and  1750: 
"  Paid  for  Convex  Lights,  12s." 

I  have  often  wondered  what  these  "  convex 
lights"  were,  and  on  looking  through^ 'A 
New  View  of  London '  (printed  in  1708) 
I  found  the  following  :  — 

"  Convex   Lights.     The   office   is   kept   at   the 
White  Heart  on  the  E.  side  of  Bread  Street,  and 
by  the  Statute  5  &  6  W.  and  Mary,  ch.  10,  tj 
City  may  lease  to  the  Persons  concerned  in .the 
Convex  Lights,  the  sole  use  of  such  lights  mthm 
the    City.     The    Bates   paid   for   these   lights   is 
6s.   per'ann.   by   such  whose    houses    iront 
streets.     And  these  lights  begin  to  burn  3  days 


126 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          ['12  s.  v.  MAY,  1919. 


after  the  first  full  moon  after  Michaelmas-day 
and  are  lighted  every  evening  at  6,  burning  till 
1,  2  or  more  in  the  morning.  They  are  said  to  be 
the  invention  of  one  Mr.  Hemmings. 

"  Conic  Lights.  The  office  is  situated  in 
Lambs  Conduit  Row.  Mr.  Cole  was  the  first 
inventor  of  them  about  the  year  1704  ;  the 
present  proprietors  are  Mr.  Hart,  Mr.  Staples,  &c. 
They  light  in  common  streets,  without  the  city 
for  4s.  between  Michaelmas  and  Lady  Day." 

I  should  be  glad  to  know  what  these 
"  inventions  "  were.  The  "  convex  lights  " 
were  probp.bly,  I  suppose,  what  we  know 
as  a  "  bull's-eye  "  ;  but  the  "  conic  lights  " 
want  a  little  explanation. 

WALTER  H.  PHILLIPS. 

Dulwich,  S.E. 

"  PENNTLES  BENCH."  —  In  a  court  roll  of 
the  manor  of  Prescot,  Lancashire,  1639, 
the  following  occurs  :  — 

"  Item,  whereas  Penniles  Bench  is  some  parte 
of  it  taken  away,  it  is  ordered  that  what  person 
or  persons  tooke  or  conveyed  the  same  away 
shall  bringe  it  againe  and  make  the  place  sufficient 
as  it  was  before.  Subpena  vis.  8d." 

What  does  this  refer  to  ?  The  orders  before 
and  after  this  entry  refer  to  the  payment 
of  highway  charges  and  fencing  of  passages. 
Were  stocks  ever  called  by  any  such  name  ? 

R.  S.  B. 

[The  '  New  Eng.  Diet.'  says  :  "  Name  of  a 
covered  bench  which  formerly  stood  beside 
Carfax  Church,  Oxford  ;  and  apparently  of 
similar  open-air  seats  elsewhere  :  probably  as 
being  the  resort  of  destitute  wayfarers."  The 
quotations  range  from  1500  at  Oxford  to  1C20  at 
Canterbury,  an  Oxford  quotation  c.  1600  supplying 
a  good  history  of  the  actual  bench.] 

BLTJECOAT  SCHOOLS.  —  Will  some  of  your, 
readers  give  me  a  list  of  the  various  schools 
in  England  known  as  Bluecoat  Schools, 
beginning  with  Christ's  Hospital,  London, 
founded  1553  ?  There  are  several  others, 
I  know,  as  at  Liverpool,  Manchester,  Bir- 
mingham, and  Oldham.  I  should  be  glad 
to  know  the  dates  of  foundation,  and  if  the 
schools  are  still  in  existence. 

J.  MARSHALL  TAYLOR. 
477  Lord  Street,  Southport. 

EDWARD  ALLEN,  PAINTER  AND  ENGRAVER. 
—  Edward  Allen  died  s.p.  at  Theale,  Berks, 
of  which  place  he  was  a  native,  in  1836,  and 
left  a  small  bread  charity  for  the  benefit  of 
the  poor  of  Theale.  He  was  the  son  of 
John  and  Elizabeth  Allen  of  North  Street, 
Theale,  and  descended  from  the  Aliens  of 
Hardwell,  Berks.  Their  arms  were  Arg., 


Memorial  of  the  Battle  of  St.  Vincent,'  was 
by  him  ;  also  severa.1  family  portraits.  An 
oil  painting  of  himself  was  sold  at  or  near 
Dartford  (Kent)  in  the  nineties  of  last  century. 
Traces  of  it  are  desired.  He  seems  to  have 
had  some  sort  of  appointment  at  Somerset 
House  which  included  the  destruction  of  a 
very  large  number  of  packs  of  cards  bearing 
unstamped  aces  of  spades.  Any  details  will 
be  acceptable.  Please  reply  direct  to 

ALFRED  ALLEN  HARRISON. 
Fort  Augustus,  N.B. 

W.  H.  ARNOLD. — I  should  feel  obliged  for 
references  to  W.  H.  Arnold,  author  of  '  The 
Devil's  Bridge,'  '  The  Woodman's  Hut,'  and 
other  dramatic  pieces.  The  date  of  his 
death  is  specially  desired. 

Irvine. 


R.  M.  HOGG. 


two  bars  az.,  a  silver  anchor  over  all. 
a  lion's  head  collared. 


Crest, 


SIR  EDWARD  PAGET. — Is  there  a  steel 
(or  other)  engraving  of  Lie ut.- General  the 
Hon.  Sir  .Edward  Paget,  K.C.B.,  who 
served  in  the  Peninsular  War  ;  as  Governor 
of  Ceylon  (1821-3)  ;  and  finally  as  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  in  India  ?  He  died  in 
1849,  and  is  buried  at  Chelsea  Hospital. 
He  was  the  father  of  the  Rev.  Francis  Paget, 
author  of  '  St.  Antholin's.' 

PENRY  LEWIS. 

AARON  HUGH. — I  should  be  much  obliged 
if  any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  could  give  me  any 
information  about  Aaron  Hugh,  who  is 
upposed  to  have  kept  an  inn  or  alehouse 
somewhere  in"  Sussex  between  1800  and 
1823.  LEWIS  HUGHES. 

49  Emerald  Street,  Roath,  Cardiff. 

"PERVERSITY  OF  INANIMATE  OBJECTS."  — 
Who  was  it  that  first  spoke  of  "  the  perver- 


sity of  inanimate  objects  " 


J.  R,  H. 


CLEMENTS  FAMILY.  —  Can  any  reader 
of  *  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  give  me  information 
about  this  family  ?  I  am  seeking  to 
identify  Sarah  Clements  (b.  1779-80,  d.  1850), 
who  at  the  time  of  her  marriage  to  Edmund 
Hayward  of  Needham  Market,  Suffolk, 
Nov.  2,  1802,  was  described  as  "of  Rings- 
hall  (Suffolk),  spinster."  She  can  only 
have  been  living  for  a  short  time  at  Rings - 
hall,  possibly  at  the  Hall,  the  residence  of 
Thos.  Hayward,  her  future  brother-in-law. 
Her  father  is  believed  to  have  been  a  London 
cloth  -  merchant  ;  certainly  her  brother 
George  was  a  cloth -merchant  in  the  metro- 
polis. A  married  sister,  Mrs.  Fielder,  Jived 


Is  anything  known  of  him  as  an  engraver  I  at  Kennington.  H.  R.  LINGWOOD. 

and  painter  ?     An  engraving  (coloured),  '  A  '      15  Richmond  Road,  Ipswich. 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


127 


AUTHOR  OF  QUOTATION  WANTED. — 
I  think  of  thee  in  the  night 
When  all  beside  is  still, 

And  the  moon  comes  out  with  her  pale  sad  ligh 
To  sit  on  the  lonely  hill, 
And  the  stars  are  all  like  dreams, 
And  the  breezes  all  like  sighs, 

And  there  comes  a  voice  from  far-off  streams 
Like  thy  spirit's  low  replies. 

C.  V.  D. 


CHURCHES  USED  FOR  THE  ELECTION 
OF  MUNICIPAL  OFFICERS. 

(US.  xii.  360,  404,  430,  470,  511.) 

'GEOB.GE  HILLIER,  in  his  unfinished  '  History 
and  Antiquities  of  the  Isle  of  Wight,' 
prints  from  one  of  the  corporation  books  of 
the  borough  of  Newport,  Isle  of  Wight,  a 
record  of  the  "  ancient  usages  and  old 
customs  "  of  the  borough  as  they  were 
practised  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth  :  — 

"  Theis  be  the  auncient  usags  &  olcle  customes 


of  the  Borowgh  of  Newport  w*hin  ye  Isle  of 
Wight  dewlie  continued  fro  ye  tyme  ye  memorie 
of  man  is  not  to  the  contrarie. 

"  First e,  the  Use  is  and  hath  ben  tyme  owt  of 
mynde,  the  Bailives  yerely  in  ye  Guilde  Hawle 
of  Newport,  the  thursdaye  precdinge  ye  Sonday 
next  before  the  Ffeast  of  Saint  Michell  tharch- 
.angell  wth  all  there  Bretherne  to  assemble  to 
debate  matters  towchinge  good  rules  and  orders 
of  ye  towne  Untill  ix.  or  tenne  of  the  clock  before 
noone  of  the  same  daye  Att  ye  wch  hower,  they 
dep'tinge  thence  forthwth  repaireth  to  the 
Churche  there  to  yelde  and  receve  ye  chardg  of 
the  olde  officers  and  Shortlie  after '"to  p'cede  to 
ye  eleccon  of  newe  govners.  And  before  they 
attempteth  the  p'miss  they  all  reverently  kneel- 
Inge  downe  upon  their  knees  devoutely  calleth 
upon  God  that  for  his  Sonne  Christe  sake  he 
wolde  assist  them  in  their  newe  eleccon  to  choose 
«uche  rulers  as  maye  upprightly  wthowt  afCeccon. 
sy've  and  diligentlie  attend  their  vocation  to 
God's  glorie  the  Prince's  honor  and  como'wealthe 
of  the  said  Borowgh. 

"  Itm.  Ther  prayer  and  supplicacon  to  God 
•donne  the  Use  is  and  hathe  ben  tyme  owt  of 
mynde  that  the  foreman  of  the  xij.  sworne  in  ye 
Lawday  laste  before  wth  ye  re^st  of  his  Bretherne 
•shall  stand  forthe  unto  ye  w*h  ye  olde  Bailives 
approcheth  neere  wth  ther  cappes  and  maces  yn 
their  handes  bare  hedded  and  wth  woordes  "of 
submiccon  rendereth  the  accompte  of  their 
Bailieweeke  and  wth  all  reverence  yeldeth  uppe 
their  authorities  maces  and  other  synes  therof 
into  ye  hands  of  the  foreman  above  specified 
according  to  the  maner  wch  being  then  authorised 
by  the  power  aforsaid  wth  the  assistance  of  the 
•Co'burgs  they  standing  bye  dothe  give  either 
-correction  or  comendacon  'unto  the  officers  for 
ye  tyme  displaced  accordinge  to  ther  deservings 
ye  hole  yere  p'cedinge.  And  this  donne  the  old 
Bailives  resumeth  their  said  offices  co'dicionally 
to  supplie  ye  same  unto  Michelm's  daye  at  noone 
then  next  ensuing  and  the  Constables  renderith 


uppe  their  offices  they  leekwise  and  submitteth 
themselfts  accordinglie  w°h  ceremonies  finisshed 
the  Bailives  wth  the  hole  co'panie  of  the  Burgess 
dep'tethe  thence  and  lovinglie  goeth  to  gether  to 
ye  yowng  Bailives  howse  to  dynner  and  there 
rnaketh  merrie. 

"  Itm.  After  dynner  the  hole  feloshippe  of  the 
burgess  ye  said  Bailives  absentinge  them  selffs 
agayne  repaireth  to  ye  Churche  incontentlie  to 
consulte  and  chose  newe  officers  to  beare  ye  state 
ye  yere  folowinge  dividing  them  selffes  into  two 
companies  after  the  olde  usage.  They  y*  hath 
borne  ye  cheef  office  into  ye  Chauncell  as  ye 
higher  roome  and  ye  reside  we  into  ye  Bodie  of 
ye  Churche  as  ye  lower  roome.  Then  dothe  ye 


ye 

ley 


elder  co'panye  ley  their  heddes  to  gether  and 
after  good  advise  and  deliberacon  taken,  writteth 
owt  two  of  ye  elder  co'panies  names  yn  a  little 
Tickett  or  Scrowle  of  paper  whome  they  betwene 
them  selfts  estemeth  moste  worthieste  to  'supplie  ye 
roome  of  ye  Elder  Bay  live  ye  yere  ensuinge 
Sending  hit  downe  by  the  Steward  sworne  to 
ye  yownger  companie  to-  ye  intent  y*  every  of 
them  sholde  sette  a  seurall  note  or  pry  eke  upon 
his  hedde  whom  they  thowght  moste  worthiest 
for  ministringe  of  Justice  to  be  advaunced  to  ye 
roome  of  ye  Elder  Baylie  And  he  uppon  whos 
hedde  ar  moste  notes  or  prickes  supplieth  ye 
chefe  office  and  ys  Eldest  Baylive  for  y*  yere 
folowing.  Irumediatlie  after  ye  Elder  companie 
chooseth  the  younger  Bailive  to  associate  ye 
Ider  in  gou'me't  of  the  Bailiweeke  by  voyces 
onlye  and  not  by  notes  or  prickes  as  is  aforesaide. 
This  Eleccon  fullie  accomplisshed  the  use  is  and 
lathe  ben  tyme  owt  of  mynde  ye  olde  officers  and 
:here  bretherne  to  bringe  home  ye  newe  officers 
>o  there  howses  in  ye  order  folowinge.  That  is 
weete  The  Sergeants  goinge  before  wth  there 
naces  ye  elder  olde  bay  lie  goinge  on  ye  right 
land  accompanied  wth  ye  elder  newe  Baylive  in 
re  left  syde  And  ye  olde  young  baylie  in  the 
ight  of  his  felowe  ye  newe  younger  baylive  wth 
re  Constables  in  leeke  manner  arid  all  the  Burgess 
olowing  copples  in  their  degree,  and  there  rnaketh 
hortte  drinckings  as  wth  a  peare  or  proyne  or 
uche  other  leeke." 

Further  on  in  the  same  document  we  have 
..nother  example  of  the  use  of  the  church 
or  other  than  religious  purposes  :  — 

"  Itm.  The  use  is  and  hathe  bin  tyme  owt  of 
lynde  the  Churchwardens  to  make  the  Churche 
accompte  before  the  Baylives  Burgess  and  other 
p'ishioners  yerelie  assembled  in  the  Churche  at 
after  noone  the  Sondaye  after  Alhallow  daye." 

There  is  a  great  deal  of  evidence  from 
various  sources  that  churches  in  mediaeval 
times  were  used  for  all  sorts  of  secular 
purposes. 

Hillier  says  at  p.  25  of  his  account  of  the 
borough  of  Newport  in  his  work  before 
referred  to  :  — 

"  With  the  stage  players  who  visited  Newport 
at  this  period  [that  is,  the  reign  of  Elizabeth] 
the  dealings  of  the  authorities  were  regulated 
by  the  character  of  the  times.  There  i*  mention  of 
their  being  permitted  to  perform  in  the  church, 
as  was  then  frequently  the  case  in  other  parts  of 


the  kingdom." 

Westwood.    Clitheroe. 


WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 


128 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919. 


"  STRAITSMAN." 

(12  S.  iv.   186,  257.) 

I  HAD  not  seen  the  section  of  the  '  N.E.D.' 
that  contains  this  term  when  I  sent  my 
former  reply,  which  was  only  penned  after 
consulting  some  of  the  officials  at  Lloyd's. 
Under  "  Strait,"  B.  3,  I  find  that  the 
Dictionary  confirms  the  suggestion  made 
at  the  second  reference  by  the  REV.  A.  G. 
KEALY  with  regard  to  "Straits"  :  — 

"  The  Straits  in  the  17th  and  18th  centuries 
usually  meant  the  Straits  of  Gibraltar ;  now, 
where  there  is  no  contextual  indication,  chiefly 
the  Straits  of  Malacca." 

Under  B.  11  occur  : — 

"  Straits-born,  born  in  the  Straits  Settlements. 

"  Straitsman,  (a)  a  ship  suitable  for  the  Straits  ; 

(&)  Australian (J.  L.  Stokes,  "  Discov.,"  1846). 

'  Straitsmen  is  the  name  by  which  those  who 
inhabit  the  eastern  and  western  entrance  of  Bass 
Strait  are  known.' 

"  1799.  Hull  Advertiser. — '  The  good  brigan- 
tine  Lady  Bruce. ..  .would  make  an  excellent 
coaster  or  streightsman.'  " 

This  I  take  to  refer  to  the  Straits  of  Dover. 

"1686.  T.  Hale,  'Ace.  New  Invent.'— 1691  [sic] 
— *  a  good  Streights  sheathing  and  not  above  half 
so  much  as  an  East-India  sheathing.'  " 

This  may  relate  to  the  Straits  of  Malacca, 
but  the  following  examples  certainly  do  :  — 

"1693.  Luttrell,  'Brief  Relation':  'The 
Streights  fleet  and  their  convoy '  (Ibid.).  '  The 
Dutch  Streights  and  West  India  fleets  are 
arrived.'  " 

However,  I  am  pleased  to  say  I  have  just 
chanced  on  a  very  noteworthy  letter-  in 
Pepys's  correspondence  which  carries 
"  straitsman "  in  its  Asiatic  acceptation 
still  farther  back.  It  may  be  deemed 
advantageous  if  at  the  present  time  I  quote 
the  greater  part  of  the  Earl  of  Sandwich's 
letter  to  the  Duke  of  Albemarle,  which 
ultimately  reached  Mr.  Pepys  : — 

On  board  the  Prince, 
30  leagues  N.N.W.  from  the  Texel. 

Sept.  5,  1665. 
May  it  please  your  Grace, — 

Since  I  putt  last  to  sea  on  Thursday  last,  wee 
had  a  storme  of  winde  att  N.N.W.,  which  God  be 
thanked,  did  tis  noe  other  damage  than  spoiling 
the  mast?  of  the  Diamond,  sent  into  Harwich, 
and  40  barrels  of  the  Soveraigne's  powder. 
Separated  very  few  [of]  us,  though  the  same  upon 
the  coast,  of  Norway  much  dispersed  the  Dutch, 
some  of  which  were  light  uppon  on  the  3rd  of 
Septy.  Tooke  2  of  their  East  India  men,  a 
Straights  man.  a  Malaya  man,  and  4  men  of  warre ; 
3  of  them  of  50  guns  and  one  of  40  guns,  and 
some  other  small  vessells.  I  have  intelligence 
the  greatest  parte  of  their  fleet  is  about  the 
Walbanck,  whither  I  am  now  plying  and  hope 


to  see  them  shortly.  I  thought  requisite  to 
send  a  vessell  to  in  forme  the  King  and  Duke  thus; 
much  of  us,  and  your  Grace,  noe  person  in  the 
world  being  a  truer  and  thankfuller  servant  of 
your  Grace's  than,  &c.  SANDWICH. 

The  Hector  is  unfortunately  sunke,  and  the- 
Captain  and  most  of  her  men  drowned ;  only 
25  saved.  The  Captain  carried  himself  exceed- 
ingly well ;  helped  to  take  the  Vice-admirall  of  the 
East  Indies,  and  only  putt  some  men  on  board 
her,  and  went  on  to  engage  the  mon  of  warre- 
Capt.  Con  (Capt.  of  the  Mary)  is  hurt  ill  in  the 
foote  with  a  great  shott. 

I  have  copied  this  letter  from  Lord  Bray- 
brooke's  edition  of  *  The  Diary  and  Corre- 
spondence of  Samuel  Pepys,'  1890,  vol.  iv. 
p.  251.  Lord  Sandwich  appends  a  table 
of  the  men-of-war  and  merchantmen  cap- 
tured on  Sept.  3  and  4,  with  the  names  of 
their  captors.  From  this  we  learn  that 
"  a  mercht.  ma,n  from  the  Straights " 
was  captured  by  the  ship  Guinea,  and  that 
"  another  Streights  mercht.  soe  engaged 
[by  the  Ruby]  that  they  sett  her  on  fire." 

In  the  '  Life  of  Lord  Clarendon '  by 
himself  it  is  stated  that  this  fleet  of  mer- 
chantmen had  been  met  on  its  way  to* 
Holland  by  Admiral  de  Ruyter's  squadron,, 
which  was  convoying  it  home,  "  or  ought 
to  have  been "  ;  but,  as  several  of  the 
vessels  were  proceeding  to  different  destina- 
tions, the  company  had  got  scattered,  with 
the  result  that  Lord  Sandwich  in  two* 
encounters  captured  8  of  the  larger  ships, 
2  East  Indiamen,  and  some  20  of  the- 
smaller  craft. 

The  significance  of  the  Dutch  colonies- 
in  the  East-  Indies  is  thus  commented  on  by 
Clarendon  :  — 

"  where  they  [the  Dutch]  had  planted  themselves- 
in  great  and  strong  towns,  and  had  many  har- 
bours well  fortified,  in  which  they  constantly 
maintained  a  great  number  of  good  and  strong- 
ships,  by  which  they  were  absolute  masters  of 
those  seas,  and  forced  the  neighbouring  kings- 
and  princes  to  enter  into  such  terms  of  amity  with, 
them  as  they  thought  fit  to  require." — '  Life  of 
Edward,  Earl  of  Clarendon,  and  a  Continuation 
of  his  History  of  the  Grand  Rebellion/  vol.  ii- 
p.  53,  Oxford,  1857. 

The  "  large  Straitsman "  mentioned  ins 
W.  Hickey's  '  Memoirs '  was  evidently  a- 
vessel  hailing  from  the  Orient. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

Lloyd's,  Royal  Exchange. 

A  "  Straitsman "  was  a  sailing  vessel' 
trading  (1)  through  the  Straits  of  Gibraltar 
and  up  the  Mediterranean ;  (2)  to  the- 
Straits  Settlements ;  or  (3)  through  the 
Straits  of  Magellan,  round  Cape  Horn.  The- 
last  is  sometimes  called  "a  Homer'" 
amongst  sailors.  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 


12  S.  V  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


129 


MB.  JUSTICE  MATJLE  ON  BIGAMY  AND 
DIVORCE  (12  S.  v.  64). — In  answer  to 
W.  B.  H.  concerning  the  oft-quoted  dictum 
of  Mr.  Justice  Maule,  I  may  say  that  The 
Times  of  April  3,  1845,  p.  7,  in  its  law  report 
of  the  Assizes  at  Warwick  on  April  1,  gives 
the  following  report  of  the  trial  of  Thomas 
Hall  for  bigamy  :  — 

MIDLAND  CIRCUIT. 
Warwick,  Tuesday,  April  1,  1845. 
Thomas  Hall,  alias  Thomas  Rollins,  a  poor  man 
not  possessed  of  a  farthing,  or  a  farthing's  worth, 
in  the  world,  aged  35,  was  indicted  for  having,  on 
the  18th  of  Apr'L  1830,  at  the  parish  of  Northleach, 
in  the  county  Giocester,  taken  for  his  wife  Mary 
Ann  Nicholls,  and  afterwards,  on  the  15th  of 
February,  1840,  at  the  parish  of  Hampden-in- 
Arden,  in  this  county,  married  and  taken  to  wife 
Maria  Hadley,  his  former  wife  being  then  alive, 
contra  formam.  The  offence  was  clearly  proved, 
but  he  stated  that  within  a  year  or  two  of  his 
marriage  with  Mary  Ann,  she  robbed  him,  and 
sallied  forth  with  the  child,  and  he  had  never  since 
•Been  either,  though  he  had  at  the  time  obtained 
.&  special  warrant  for  her  apprehension,  armed 
with  which  he  proceeded  to  the  region  of  her 
•seclusion  or  retirement,  where  he  got  sadly  handle  j 
by  ruffians,  and  was  made  heartily  glad  to  make 
the  best  of  his  way  home  to  save  his  life,  leaving 
his  baggage  in  his  precipitate  departure  from  that 
profligate  retreat.  The  substance  of  this,  or  at 
least  much  of  it,  he  elicited  from  the  witnesses  for 
the  prosecution.  He  had,  however,  represented 
to  Maria  that  he  had  never  entered  into  the  holy 
state,  and  she  had  given  birth  to  two  children  by 
him.  He  was  of  course,  under  these  circum- 
stances, convicted,  and 

Mr.  Justice  Maule,  in  passing  sentence,  said, 
"that  it  did  appear  that  he  had  been  hardly  used. 
It  was  hard  for  him  to  be  so  used,  and  not  be  able 
'to  have  another  wife  to  live  with  him,  when  the 
former  had  gone  off  to  live  in  an  improper  state 
with  another  man.  But  the  law  was  the  same  for 
him  as  it  was  for  a  rich  man,  and  was  equally  open 
fro  him,  through  its  aid,  to  afford  relief  ;  but,  as 
the  rich  man  would  have  done,  he  also  should  have 
pursued  the  proper  means  pointed  out  by  law 
whereby  to  obtain  redress  of  his  grievances.  He 
-should  have  brought  an  action  against  the  man 
who  was  living  in  the  way  stated  with  his  wife, 
and  he  shoxild  have  obtained  damages,  and  then 
should  have  gone  to  the  Ecclesiastical  Court  and 
obtained  a  divorce,  which  would  have  done  what 
•seemed  to  have  been  done  already,  and  then  he 
should  have  gone  to  the  House  of  Lords,  and, 
proving  all  his  case  and  the  preliminary  proceed- 
ings, have  obtained  a  full  and  complete  divorce, 
after  which  he  might,  if  he  liked  it,  have  married 
ragain.  The  prisoner  might  perhaps  object  to 
this  that  he  had  not  the  money  to  pay  the 
expenses,  which  would  amount  to  about  500 1.  or 
600Z. — perhaps  he  had  not  so  many  pence — but 
'this  did  not  exempt  him  from  paying  the  penalty 
for  committing  a  felony,  of  which  he  had  been 
•convicted.  His  Lordship  might,  perhaps,  have 
visited  the  crime  more  lightly  if  the  prisoner  had 
not  misrepresented  himself  as  a  bachelor  to  Maria 
Hadley,  and  so  deceived  her.  If  he  had  told  her 
the  circumstances,  and  said,  "  Now  I'll  marry 
you  if  you  like  to  take  the  chance,"  &c.  ;  but  this 
Sxe  had  not  done,  and  thus  he  had  induced  her  to 


live  with  him  upon  terms  which  she  perhaps  else 
would  not  have  done.  It  was  a  serious  injury  to 
her,  which  he  had  no  right  to  inflict  because  his 
wife  and  others  had  injured  him.  For  this  offence 
he  must  receive  some  punishment,  and  the  sentence 
was,  that  he  be  imprisoned  and  kept  to  hard 
labour  for  four  months,  which  he  hoped  would 
operate  as  a  warning  how  people  trifled  with 
matrimony. 

R.  A.  CUNNINGHAM. 

"  LICK  INTO  SHAPE  "  :  "  LAMBENDO  EF- 
FINGEBE"  (12  S.  v.  69).  —  The  Greek  equiva- 
lent or  equivalents  are  to  be  seen  in  ^Elian's 
'  De  Natura  Animalium,'  ii.  19  and  vi.  3. 
In  the  former  passage,  after  saying  that  the 
bear  gives  birth  to  a  formless  lump  of  flesh, 
he  proceeds  :  17  8f  yjftrj  c/uAet  /cat 
TtKvov,  /cat  VJTO  rot?  ^urypots  ddXirci,  /cat 
rrj  yAarrn?,  Ka^  «*TWOt  ets  apOpa,  Kal 
/cat  /caret  /zi/cpa  e/c/xop<£ot.  At  the  second 
reference  his  expression  is  T"{i  jX^rry  StapOpol 
avrrjv  (sc.  crdpKa  acnjjuov),  /cat  otovet  Sia- 


Aristotle,  '  De  Animalibus  Hist.,'  vi. 
29  (34),  says  that  fox-cubs  are  even  more 
shapeless  at  their  birth  than  young  bears, 
and  that  their  mother  warms  them 
thoroughly  by  licking  them  with  her  tongue 
and  matures  them  (TQ  yXutrry 


Pliny,  'Nat.  Hist.,'  viii.  36  (54),  126, 
uses  the  words  "  lambendo  paulatim  figu- 
rant "  when  he  describes  the  process  of 
licking  bear-cubs  into  shape. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

University  College,  Aberystwyth. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  or  EPITAPHS  (12  S.  v.  68). 
—  The  undernoted  publications  can  be  added 
to  the  list  of  works  which  deal  with  this 
subject  :  — 

Historical  Description  of  Westminster  Abbey, 
its  Monuments  and  Curiosities.  London  :  Printed 
for  A.  K.  Newman  &  Co.  1834.  Price  Two 
Shillings. 

A  History  of  the  Church  and  Parish  of  St.  Martin 

Carfax),   Oxford.     By  the   Rev.   Carteret  J.   H. 

Fletcher,    M.A.,    late    Rector.  —  This    work    was 

published  in   1896,  soon  after  the  demolition  of 

Jhe  church.     The  tower  is  still  standing. 

The  Churches  of  Whitehaven  Rural  Deanery. 
By  the  Rev.  Caesar  Caine,  Vicar  of  Cleator.  —  A 
most  useful  and  interesting  publication.  Would 
that  other  rural  deaneries  would  issue  somewhat 
similar  volumes. 

Ad  el  and  its  Norman  Church.  By  the  Rev. 
W.  H.  Draper,  Vicar  of  the  parish.  Leeds  : 
Richard  Jackson,  Commercial  Street.  1909. 

Fulham,  Old  and  New.  3  vols.  By  Charles 
James  Feret.  1900. 

A  New  Select  Collection  of  Epitaphs.  London  : 
Printed  for  S.  Bladon,  No.  16,  Pater-Noster  Row. 
MDCCLXXV. 


130 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[128.  V  MAY,  1919. 


A  History  of  the  Parish  of  Westbury,  Bucks. 
By  the  Rev.  Richard  Ussher,  Vicar  of  the  parish. — 
The  date  of  publication  is  not  given,  but  it  was 
circa  1900.  The  printers  were  Walford  &  Son, 
Market  Hill,  Buckingham. 

Historical  Buckingham.  By  J.  T.  Harrison, 
"  The  Poplars,"  Buckingham.  1909. — Also 
printed  by  Walford  &  Son. 

I  hope  to  send  a  further  list. 

L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 
Bedford. 

See  the  Journal  of  the  Society  for  Pre- 
serving the  Memorials  of  the  Dead  in 
Ireland.  WILLIAM  MAC  ARTHUR. 

Dublin. 

To  the  list  may  be  added  the  following  :  — 
Epitaphiana  :  or,  The  Curiosities  of  Churchyard 

Literature.     By     W.     Fairley,     F.S.S.     London  : 

Samuel  Tinsley.      1873. 

C.  C.  B. 

MR.  FAWCETT  will  find  two  items  on  this 
subject  in  Mr.  Courtney's  '  Bibliography  of 
Bibliographies'  vol.  i.  p.  176,  and  vol.  iii. 
p.  92.  EDWARD  SMITH. 

42  Rosehill  Road,  S.W.I 8. 

This  subject  has  been  dealt  with  at 
considerable  length  in  the  Tenth  Series, 
vols.  i.  to  iii.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

THE  SWIN  (12  S.  v.  95).— In  topography 
swin  frequently  occurs  in  connexion  with 
water  ;  but  I  never  feel  sure  whether  it 
stands  for  the  element  itself,  or  for  some 
peculiarity  in  the  particular  instance  of  it, 
to  which  the  syllable  has  been  attached. 
Mr.  Streatfeild,  author  of  '  Lincolnshire 
and  the  Danes,'  believed  that  swin  -was 
"  at  least  cogna,te  with  Dutch  swin,  a 
creek  or  bay"  (p.  194)  ;  and  he  mentioned 
Swineshead,  which  was  formerly  clo~e  to, 
if  not  washed  over  by,  the  sea,  as  a  place 
"which  formed  perhaps  the  limit  in  one 
direction  of  the  navigable  channel."  I  some- 
times fp,ncy  that  my  rainy  patron  owes 
something  to  swin.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

CRAGGS  AND  NICHOLSON  FAMILIES  (12  S. 
iv.  220,  310  ;  v.  21).— T  find  from  the  Kendal 
parish  registers  that  Edward  Nicholson  and 
Margaret  Cragg  (not  Craggs),  both  of 
Kendal,  were  married  at  Underbarrow  on 
Nov.  18,  1739.  If  the  person  who  made 
the  entry  wrote  the  bride's  name  correctly, 
then  she  was  not  a  member,  of  the  Craggs 
family.  The  Cragg  family  was  distinct 
from  the  Craggs  family.  The  former  is  a 
yeoman  family  indigenous  to  Cumberland 
and  Westmorland  ;  the  latter  is  not.  The 
arms  of  the  Cra^g  family  were  :  a  fe'se 
between  three  mullets  in  chief,  and  as  many 


cross-crosslets  in  bar^e,  argent.  I  am  not 
certain  what  the  arms  of  the  Craggs  family 
were.  If  Margaret's  name  was  correctly 
Cragg,  there  is  some  misiinde:-  tanding 
about  the  relationship  with  the  Postmaster  - 
General  Craggs.  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

H.  C.  PIDGEON  (12  S.  iii.  211,  307).— 
I  think  there  must  be  an  error  in  the  state- 
ment in  the  above  query  that  H.  C.  Pidgeon 
of  Liverpool  was  the  author  of  the  fairly 
well-known  "  Memorials  of  Shrewsbury,  by 
Henry  Pidgeon,"  1837  ;  second  edition, 
1851. 

The  title-page  (1851)  describes  the  author 
as  Treasurer  of  the  Corporation  of  Shrews- 
bury ;  and  the  preface  to  the  first  edition 
speaks  of  his  "  ardent  attachment  to  his 
native  place,"  the  preface  to  each  edition 
having  "  High  Street "  appended,  appar- 
ently in  Shrewsbury.  It  hardly  seems 
possible  that  H.  C.  'Pidgeon  of  Liverpool 
and  afterwards  of  London,  and  the  local 
official,  were  the  same  person. 

W.  B.  H. 

RICHARD  BAXTER  or  '  THE  SAINTS'  REST  ' 
(12  S.  v.  60).— I  think  that' J.  P.  B.  might 
find  particulars  about  the  Baxter  family  in 
Canon  Newling's  MS.  Shropshire  Pedigrees, 
now  in  the  William  Salt  Library  r,t  Stafford  ; 
in  the  Blakeway  MSS.,  vols.  v.  and  vi., 
preserved  in  the  Bodleian  Library  at 
Oxford  ;  and  in  the  George  Morris,  William 
Morris,  and  Wm.  Hardwicke  MSS.  which 
pro  in  private  hands.  The  Hardwicke 
MSS.  have  pedigrees  of  Baxter  in  vols.  i.  199, 
and  ii.  8^.  The  Eaton  Const&ntine  and 
Leighton  Registers,  published  by  the  Shrop- 
shire Parish  Register  Society,  should  also 
be  searched.  There  are  over  thirty  entries 
of  Baxter  in  these  two  registers.  The 
Registers  of  High  Ercall  (in  which  parish 
Rowton  is  situated)  have  been  copied,  but 
not  yet  printed . 

W.  G.  D.  FLETCHER,  F.S.A. 

BROOKE  ROBINSON  OF  DUDLEY  (12  S. 
v>  97). — The  book  MRS.  S.  BENNITT  inquires 
about  is  '  Genealogical  Memoirs  of  the 
Family  of  Brooke  Robinson  of  Dudley, 
together  with  the  Kindred  Families  oi 
Persehouee,  &c.,'  privately  printed  in  1896. 
There  is  a  copy  in  the  William  Salt  Library 
at  Stafford,  and  also  one  at  the  British 
Museum.  The  reference  to  the  latter  is 
9€06.  d.  17.  There  ought  also  to  be  a  copy 
in  the  Birmingham  Public  Libraries.  A 
copy  was  lately  offered  for  sale  in  a  Bir- 
mingham bookseller's  catalogue  for  Ll. 

W.  G.  D.  FLETCHER,  F.S.A. 


128.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


131 


FRENCH  NATIONAL  EMBLEM,  THE  Coc 
(12  S.  v.  94). — The  following  extracts  ma 
help  MR.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

The  '  Nouveau  Larousse  Illustre,'  unde 
heading  "  Coq.  Hist.,""  says:  — 

"  Coq  gaulois  ou  sirrplem.  Cog.  Tin  de 
emblemes  nationaux  de  la  France  :  le  Coq  Gauloi 
a  decore  des  drapeaux  francais  pendant  la  premier 
Revolution.  En  1830,  le  Coq  Gaxilois  remplag 
la  fleur  de  lis  comme  eirbleme  national,  et  fu 
supprime  de  nouveau  par  Napoleon  III." 

Brr«dy     in     *  Clavis     Calendaria '     (] 

says  :  — 

"  Cock  Throwing.  The  meaning  of  the  custom 
has  been  thus  explained  : —  In  our  wars  wit 
France  in  former  ages,  our  ingenious  forefather 
invented  this  emblematical  way  of  expressinj 
their  derision  of,  and  resentment  towards,  tha 
nation ....  A  cock  has  the  misfortune  to  be  calle 
in  Latin  by  the  same  word  which  signifies  { 
Frenchman ....  It  was  introduced  in  the  reigr 
of  ovr  third  Edward  ;  the  cock  is  always  callei 
the  Gallic  bird,  and  consideredj'to  be  one  of  th 
emblems  of  France." 

Littre  in  the  '  Dictionnaire  de  la  Langu< 
Franchise  '  gives  :  — 

"  Coq.     Le  choix  de  cet  oiseau  comme  symboh 
de   la   ration   f  ran  raise   est   de   date   recente    (la 
premiere    revolution,   et  surtout   celle   de   1830) 
il  ne  ppratt  guere  fonde  que  sur  Thorn onymie  latim 
de  gallus,  qui  sigr.ifie  a  la  fois  coq  et  Gaulois." 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

M.  E.  Sail  lens  in  his  c  Fact ;  about  France 

says  :  — 

"  The  Be  volition,  always  bent  on  classica 
reminiscences,  revived  the  old  Roman  pun 
gallus  was  the  Latin  for  '  Gaul '  and  for  '  cock. 
So  the  cock  was  chosen  as  the  national  emblem 
.  .  .  .Napoleon  disdained  the  cock,  '  who  lives  on 
dunghills,'  he  said,  and  adopted  the  eagle;  an 
emblem  of  classical  origin  also,  but  savouring  of 
Roman  military,  power,  not  of  French  farm-life, 
courage  and  vigilance.  ('  The  eagle  lives  on 
carrion,'  retorted  the  opponents  of  Napoleon.). .  . . 
Louis-Philippe  revived  the  democratic  cock. .  .  r 
The  Third  Republic  has  a  cock  on  its  gold  coins." 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

Does  the  origin  of  the  French  national 
emblem,  the  cock,  not  appear  to  be  evident 
from  the  double  sen-e  and  meaning  of  the 
Latin  name,  viz.,  Gallus,  denoting  both 
the  cook  ani  the  Gaul,  i.e.,  the.  ancient 
Celtic  inhabitant  of  Gallia,  or  France  t 

H.  K. 

SUBMARINES  (12  S.  iii.  356,  397  ;  iv.  112). 
—Wang    Kia,    a    Taoist    priest    of    China 
(4th  century  A.D.),  in  his  '  Shi-i-ki,'  lib.  iv., 
when  referring  to  the  reign  of  Shi-Hwang-ti 
of  the  Ts'in  dynasty  (221-210  B.C.),  says  :  — 
"  The  people  of  Yuen-ku  arrived  in  China  after 
making  the  voyage   in  the   lo-chau   [lit.,  "spiral- 
shell  boat  "],  which  was  shaped  like  a  spiral  shell, 


and    capable  of  being  conducted  quite  near  the" 
bottom  of  the  deep  without  incurring  the  intru-- 
sioii  of  any  water.  Its  other  name  was  lun-po-chau 
[lit.,  "   under-wave    boat  ").      The    men    of    that 
country  had  the  stature  of  ten  feet,  and  clad  them- 
selves with  the  knitted  hairs  of  birds  and  beasts. 
Questioned  by  the  emperor  as  to  the  begirnings 
of   the   heaven   and   earth,   they   answered   as   if 
they  had  ocularly  witnessed  it." 

Obviously,  this  idea  of  the  spiral-fhell 
boat  was  the  outcome  of  the  observation 
of  the  submarine  movement  of  such  a  r  hell- 
fish  as  the  nautilus  or  argonaut. 

KUMAGUSU    MlNAKATA. 
Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

CORNISH  AND  DEVONIAN  PRIESTS  EXE- 
CUTED IN  1548-9  (12  S.  v.  96). — According 
to  Frances  Rose-Troup's  '  The  Western- 
Rebellion  of  1549'  (Smith  &  Elder,  1911), 
the  name  of  the  priest  executed  alone  on 
July  7,  1548,  was  Martin  Geffrey,  late  of 
St.  Keverne  (pp.  fiO-92).  According  to  the^ 
same  work,  p.  497,  William  Alsa  was  Vicar 
of  Gulval  al's  Lanistey  in  1536  (Oliver's 
'  Eccles.  -Antiquities,'  ii.  188),  and  James 
Nourton  Vicar  of  St.  Uny,  next  Lelant 
(p.  499).  The  benefices  of  the  other  six  are 
not  given  in  the  above  work. 

W,  A.  B.  C. 

J.  TURNER,  PAINTER  c.  18£0  (12  S.  v.  69).. 
— I  regret  that  I  am  unable  to  solve  this 
query,  but  I  feel  sure  that  MR.  TOMSON  would 
be    interested    in    a    somewhat    protracted 
controversy   which    appeared    in    The   Con- 
wisseur,  vol.  xv.  Ill,  and  xvi.  47  and  251 
June,    September,    and    December,    1906), 
The   question  was   whether   an   artist   who- 
Dublished  a  series  of  views  of  Edinburgh  in 
1824,  and  signed  his  name  on  each  of  them 
as  "  W.  Turner  de  Lond.  del.  et  sculp.,"  was 
dentical  with  the  famous  J.  M.  W.  Turner  or 
not.     It  was  conclusively  proved  that  thejr 
.vere  certainly  not  one  and  the  same  man, 
nor  was  there  any  evidence  that  they  were 
n  any  way  related.     It  may  be  the  same- 
with  J.  Turner.  ALAN  STEWART. 

"TROUNCER"  (12  S.  iv.  101,  198,  229). — 
he  death  of  the  RIGHT  HON.  G.  W.. 
RSKINE  RUSSELL  (see  ante,  p.  84)  will  lend 
dditional  interest  to  the  following  extract 
om  a  letter  which  he  wrote  me  in  August 
ast  anent  this  much-discussed  word  :  — 

"  I  take  it  that  the  verb  '  to  trounce  '  has  long 
nee  lost  its  original  significance — if  indeed  I  was 
Drrectly  informed  about  it.  When  the  punish' 
lent  of  flogging  at  the  cart's  tail  was  abolished^ 
o  doubt  the  verb  in  that  technical  sense  went 
ut  of  use.  But  it  has  survived  as  meaning  any 
vere  punishment,  e.g.,  a  lady  who  had  been- 
uncivilly  treated  by  the  man  who  was  showing 


132 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  MAY,  1919. 


-strangers  round  a  show-place  complained  to  the 
owner,  and,  reporting  the  incident  to  us,  said  the 
man  was  '  trounced,'  meaning,  I  imagine, 
Tebuked  for  his  rudeness." 

Perhaps  some  readers  may  add  further 
Information  about  the  term. 

CECIL  CLARKE. 

Junior  Athenaeum  Club. 

BIRD -SCARING  SONGS  (12  S.  v.  98). — Is 
it  permissible  to  quote  the  following  refer - 
-fcuoo  vG  a  bird -scaring  song,  though  neither 
•words  nor  tune  can  be  supplied  ? 

There  was  a  young  man  of  Boulong 
Who  went  through  the  woods  with  a  song. 
ft  wasn't  the  words 
That  so  startled  the  birds, 
But  the  horrible  double  entong. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Although  I  spent  my  early  years  among 
Derbyshire  farmers,  I  never  heard  any 
bird -scaring  songs.  Two  or  three  devices 
were  in  use.  One  was  a  clapper  in  the 
hands  of  a  lad  who,  after  a  vigorous  clapping, 
shouted  or  chanted  in  a  sing-song  way  :  — 

Away,  bods,  away  ! 

Tak'  a  bit,  an'  leave  a  bit, 

An'  cum  no  moor  to-day. 

The  tune  was  on  the  tuning-fork  C,  and  a 
note  above  and  below,  ending  with  more 
of  the  clapper.  Another  clapping  machine 
wa>  on  the  windmill  fashion,  placed  on  a 
pole,  and  wind -driven  by  sails.  It  made  an 
;awful  row  in  a  strong  wind,  its  main  effect 
being  to  send  the  "  bods  "  to  the  other  side 
•of  the  field.  A  gun  had  no  other  effect  in 
the  hands  of  a  lad,  but  it  made  the  lad 
"hai)py.  THOS.  RATCLIFFE. 

Southfield,  Worksop. 

MISSEL   THRUSH   AND    MISTLETOE   SEEDS 
{12  S.  v.  98). — In  vol.  iv.  p.  440  of  Lean's 
"6  Collectanea  of  Proverbs,'  &c.,  is  placed 
The  thrush  when  he  pollutes  the  bough 
Sows  for  himself  the  seeds  of  woe  ; 

=and  the  reader  is  directed  to  Swan's  '  Specu- 
lum Mundi,'  p.  246  (1665),  for  "  Turdus  ipse 
sibi  cacat  malum."  I  do  not  find  that  my 
copy  of  the  '  Speculum,'  dated  1635,  has  any 
•reference  to  the  matter.  ST.  S  WITHIN. 

MORLAND  GALLERY,  FLEET  STREET  (12  S. 
v.  69). — The  exhibition  of  work  by  George 
Morland,  mentioned  in  1806  by  Sir  Richard 
Phillip?  in  his  '  Picture  of  London,'  was 
•opened  at  Macklin's  Rooms  in  Fleet  Street 
in  1805.  It  was  known  as  the  "  Morland 
•Gallery,"  and  contained  ninety -five  pictures, 
-many  of  which  were  of  marine  subjects.  The 
•othe  '3  included  '  Inside  a  Stable  '  (engraved 
<foy  J.  R.  Smith),  '  Travellers  Benighted  '  (a 


candle-light  scene),'  The  Highmettled  Racer,' 
'  Portrait  of  tlie  Superintendent  of  a  Brick 
Kiln,'  and  a  painting  of  a  sheep  ?•>  large  as 
life.  A  contemporary  critic  of  the  exhibi- 
tion complains  that  Morland 's  "  little  simple 
subjects  are  overwhelmed  with  superb 
frames,  of  a  prodigious,  and  in  some  cases  we 
think  of  a  preposterous  depth." 

WILLIAM  T.  WHITLEY. 

Redgrave's  '  Dictionary  of  Artists  of  the 
English  School,'  1878  edition,  p.  405,  says 
that  the  Morland  Gallery  was  ono  of  John 
Raphael  Smith's  best  speculations ;  and  a 
statement  to  the  same  effect  i.3  in  Roget's 
'  History  of  the  "  Old 5i  Water-Colour  Society,' 
18'Jl,  vol.  ii.  p.  115.  W.  B.  H. 

WILL.  FISHER  SHRAPNEL,  F.S.A.  (12  S. 
v.  67). — In  a  list  of  officers  of  the  Royal 
South  Gloucestershire  Militia  his  name 
appears  as  surgeon,  Jan.  2,  1893 — evidently 
a  misprint :  either  1793  or  1803  would  be 
the  probable  date.  .  In  the  same  list  there 
is  as  ensign  Henry  Jones  Shrapnell,  May  15, 
1806. 

Wiltshire  N.  <k  Q.,  no.  2,  June,  1893, 
p.  67,  states  that  the  family  of  Shrapnel 

"  seem  to  have  lived  at  Midway  House,  Lower 
Westwood,  near  Bradford,  'the  name  of  Mr. 
Zechariah  Shrapnell  appearing  on  Andrews  & 
Dury's  map  of  1773  in  connection  with  Midway 
House." 

General  Shrapnel  died  March  13,  1842,  and 
was  buried  in  the  family  vault  in  the  chancel 
of  Bradford  Church  (see  inscription  at 
12  S.  iv.  129). 

In  The  Genealogist,  vol.  xxxiii.  p.  126, 
Henry  Shrapnell  of  Bradford,  cooper,  is 
bondsman  in  a  marriage  allegation,  Dec.  15, 
1668.  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

"PRO     PELLE     CUTEM  "     (12     S.     V.     93).— 

The  original  source  of  the  proverb  is  Job  ii.  4: 
"  Pellem  pro  pelle,  et  cuncta  quse  habet 
homo,  dabit  pro  anima  sua  "  (Vulg.).  Is  it 
necessary  to  go  beyond  that  passage  for 
an  explanation  ?  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Lines. 

MARKSHALL  AND  THE  FULLER  FAMILY 
(12  S.  v.  8,  78). — I  much  regret  that  I  am 
not  able  to  solve  the  problem  set  by  OLD 
EAST  ANGLIAN  re  connexion  between  Vesey, 
1575,  ani  the  Fullers  of  Markshall.  All  I 
know  is  stated  fully,  pp.  30  to  35  and  66  to 
70,  in  Mis.  Gen.  et  Her.,  Fourth  Series, 
vol.  iv.  Perhaps  by  consulting  these 
references  OLD  EAST  ANGLIAN  may  see  light 
where  I  do  not. 

J.  F.  FULLER,  F.S.A. 

Eglinton  Road,  Dublin. 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


133 


HERALDIC  :  CAPTOR  AND  HIS  CAPTIVE'S 
ARMS  (12  S.  iv.  188,  251,  334;  v.  26).— 
The  cases  of  Bullock  and  Asheton  are  both 
post -mediaeval.  If  such  a  usage  as  is  in 
question  ever  existed,  it  must  be  traceable 
in  the  Middle  Ages.  But  no  mediaeval  case 
has  ever  been  found,  while  there  is  a  con- 
siderable number  of  cases  of  transfer  of 
armorial  bearings  by  sale,  gift,  or  legacy. 
The  Asheton  case  is  the  earliest,  referring 
to  the  battle  of  Flodden,  1513.  Tong's 
account  is  therefore  of  a  date  twenty  years 
later,  and  even  then  he  seems  to  be  in  doubt, 
as  was  Master  Asheton,  as  to  how  the 
captured  arms  should  be  borne.  Master 
Bullock  in  1568  at  least  has  no  doubt  that 
he  "  wonne "  the  arms  of  his  Cockburn 
opponent  twenty-eight  years  before,  in 
1540.  The  development  of  the  idea  is  clear. 
There  is  no  doubt  that  the  Elizabethan 
heralds  believed  in  the  existence  of  this 
right  of  arms  by  capture,  but  for  a  great 
many  of  their  opinions  no  foundation  of 
earlier  facts  has  been  produced,  so  we  shall 
do  wrell  to  remain  reluctant  to  transfer 
Elizabethan  ideas  to  mediaeval  times. 

E.  O.  W.'s  two  cases  (iv.  334)  do  not 
bear  upon  the  question.  They  refer  to 
arms  borne  not  by  right  of  capture,  but  by 
grant  of  the  sovereign,  and  give  the  reasons 
assigned  by  tradition  for  the  specific  arms 
granted.  For  the  complete  text  of  the 
Bullock  deed  see  Journal  of  the  British 
Archaeological  Association,  1891,  part  iv. 

ftj  D-  L-  G- 

In  '  John  Gary,  the  Plymouth  Pilgrim,' 
by  Seth  C.  Gary,  appear  two  other  versions 
of  the  story  of  the  Gary  coat  of  arms.  The 
first,  from  Burke' s  '  Heraldry,1  supplies 
some  details  not  given  in  Izacke's  '  Memorials 
of  Exeter  '  (ante,  p.  26).  After  relating 
Sir  Robert  Gary's  acceptance  of  the  Aragon 
knight's  challenge,  it  continues  :  — 

"  At  length  this  noble  Champion  vanquished 
the  presumptuous  Aragonois,  t'6r  which  King 
Henry  V.  restored  unto  him  a  good  part  of  his 
father's  lands,  which  for  his  loyalty  to  Kichard  II. 
he  had  been  deprived  of  by  Henry  IV.,  and 
authorized  him  to  bear  the  Arms  of  a  Knight  of 
Aragon,  which  the  noble  posterity  continue  to 
wear  unto  this  day  ;  for  according  to  the  laws  of 
Heraldry,  whoever  fairly  in  the  field  conquers  his 
adversary  may  justify  the  wearing  of  his  Arms.' 

The  second  is  from  the  Herald's  Visita- 
tion, 1620  :  — 

"  In  the  time  of  Henry  V.  cam  out  of  Aragon  a 
lusty  gentleman  into  England,  and  challenged  to 
do  feites  of  armes,  with  any  English  gentleman 
without  exception.  This  Sir  Robert  Gary  hearing 
thereof,  made  sxiite  forthwith  to  the  Prince,  that 
he  might  answer  the  challange,  which  was  granted, 


and  Smithficld  was  the  place  appointed  for  tht- 
same,  who,  at  the  day  and  time  prefixed,  botbu 
parties  mett  and  did  performe  sundrie  feates  of 
armes,  but  in  the  end  this  Eobert  gave  the  foils 
and  overthrow  to  the  Aragon  Knight,  disarmed, 
and  spoiled  him,  which  his  doings  so  well  pleased 
the  Prince,  that  he  receyved  him  into  great  favorr 
caused  him  to  be  restored  to  the  most  part  of  his 
father's  landes,  and  willed  him  also,  for  a  per- 
petual! memorie  of  his  victorie,  that  he  should 
henceforth  give  the  same  armes  as  the  Aragon 
Knight,  which  is  Argent,  on  bend  sable  three  roses- 
argent,  for  before  they  did  beare  gules,  chevron. 
entre  three  swans  argent." 

H.  TAPLEY-SOPER. 
City  Library,  Exeter. 

"  OH,    DEAR  !    WHAT    CAN    THE    MATTER: 
BE  ?  "  (12  S.  iv.  245.) — I  have  never  come- 
across  the  Latin  rendering  of  this  nursery 
song,   the  first  part  of  which  MR.   FOSTER 
PALMER  sends  ;  therefore  I  cannot  help  him 
to  the  last  part  which  he  seeks.     But,  lest 
his   search  prove  ineffectual,   I   venture  to» 
place  at  his  service  a  suggestion  for  a  con- 
clusion.    The  last  lines  will  then  run  thus  i — 
Tardus  ad  emporium. 
Fasciculumque  ligare  promisit, 
Nitida  mi  coma  crocea  ni  sit 
Solutilis  nimium. 

H.  D.  ELLIS. 
Conservative  Club,  St.  James's  Street,  S.W.I. 

I  would  reply  to  my  own  query  by  sug- 
gesting that  the  last  line  should  read 
"  lanthinum  auric omam."  It  would  thenc* 
run  :  — 

Tardus  ad  emporium. 

Fasciculumque  ligare  promisit 

lanthinum  auricomam. 

J.  FOSTER  PALMER, 
3  Oakley  Street,  S.W.3.- 

HENCHMAN,  HINCHMAN,  OR  HITCHMAIT. 
(3  S.  iii.  150;  12  S.  ii.  270,  338;  iii.  Ill- 
iv.  24,  304,  340). — The  main  point  brought 
forward  by  MR.  AUGUSTINE  SIMCOE  at 
iv.  304  appears  to  be  that  the  Hensmaik 
family  are  now  located,  and  were  located  as 
far  back  as  1573,  in  Northamptonshire,, 
from  which  part  the  Henchman  family  are 
known  to  have  come,  and  that  therefore 
the  two  families  may  have  a  common  origin. 
This  may  be,  but  I  fear  that  at  this  late- 
date  it  will  be  nearly  impossible  to  establish 
it  definitely.  Unfortunately,  I  know  nothing 
of  Northants,  but  our  family  history  says  :  — 

"  The  various  parishes  in  which  the  Henchman 
fam.'ly  is  known  to  have  resided — Barton  Segrave,, 
Broughton,  Harrowden,  Burton  Latimer,  Rushton,. 
Cottesbrook,  Gt.  Dodington,  and  Irchester — are 
all  clustered  round  the  two  towns  of  Kettering 
and  Wellingborough." 

Bozeat — though     doubtless     there     also — is- 
not  mentioned. 


134 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.  [12 S.V.MAY,  1919 


Tt  is  impossible  for  me  to  say  whether  any 
"'branch  of  the  family  in  Northants  changed 
"the  spelling  of  their  name,  though  we  know 
-that  the  spelling  Henchman  was  definitely 
fixed  before  the  time  of  Thos.  Henchman  of 
London,  who  recorded  his  pedigree  in  1633. 
We  have  Capt.  Henry  Henchman  in  15  87, 
-and  Thos.  Henchman,  M.P.  for  Whitchurch, 
Hants,  in  1601,  &c.  ;  and  this  spelling  has 
boon  preserved  to  the  present  day.  Two 
children  of  Thos.  Henchman  of  London, 
skinner  (a  brother  and  a  sister  of  the  Bishop 
ot  London),  remained  in  Northants.  Richard 
Henchman  of  Rushton,  apparently  also 
Rector  of  Cotesbrook,  1614,  Northants, 
married  Lettice,  daughter  of  Robt.  Stevens 
of  Armesty,  by  whom  he  had  children 
Charles  and  Jane.  Jane  Henchman  was 
married  to  Arthur  Hodilow  of  Grafton 
Underwood.  There  was  also  an  Owen 
Henchman  in  the  same  county  in  1648  ; 
..and  a  Wm.  Henchman  wa-  Rector  of  Barton 
Segrave  from  1653  to  1686.  Of  this  branch 
of  the  family  we  have  no  complete  record, 
but  they  appear  to  have  continued  down  to 
1722. 

In  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  1800, 
no.  70,  part  ii.  p.  664,  a  contributor  who 
signs  "  E.  T."  writes  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  chief  point  of  inquiry  is  whether  the 
Bishop  [Humphry  Henchman  "of  London]  had 
-any  relations  or  immediate  descendants  residing 
at  Broughton,  in  Northamptonshire.  A  family 
who  resided  there  for  near  a  hundred  years,  and 
spelled  their  names  the  same,  had  a  picture  of  the 
Bishop  in  their  possession  which  they  styled  a 
'  Family  Piece.'  This  family  was  extinct  by  the 
-death  of  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Henchman,  in  1722.  and 
no  particulars  can  therefore  be  learned  by  tradi- 
tional anecdotes." 

"  E.    T."    was    the    authoress    Mrs.    West, 
who  claimed  Henchman  descent. 

It  was  after  this  correspondence  in  the 
.magazine,  in  which  the  Rev.  Francis  Hench- 
man, my  great-great-grandfather  (d.  1824), 
took  part,  that  "  all  male  lines  to  (him)  are 
-declared  to  be  extinct."  When  the  history 
-of  '  The  Henchman  Family '  wai  printed 
for  private  circulation  in  1868,  careful 
seavch  w&3  made  throughout  the  United 
Kingdom,  but  failed  to  bring  forth  any 
-others  bearing  the  name  except  those 
known  to  the  family. 

The  name  Humphrey,  borne  by  so  many 
in  the  family,  is  traced  to  the  Bishop,  who 
was  baptized  at  Barton  Segrave,  and  named 
After  his  godfather  Wm.  Humfrey,  whose 
lamily  were  lords  of  that  manor  for  many 
generations. 

HUMPHREY  LLEWELLYN  HENCHMAN. 

'The  Vicarage,  Sterkstroom,  Cape, 
South  Africa. 


HEART  BURIAL  (11  S.  viii.,  ix.,  x.,  passim  ; 
12  S.  i.  73,  132,  194  ;  ii.  33  ;  iii.  370  ;  iv.  313). 
— The  Rev.  Alfred  Forder,  in  his  interesting 
work  '  In  and  about  Palestine  with  Note- 
book and  Camera,'  just  published  by  the 
Religious  Tract  Society,  records  an  instance 
of  heart  burial  which  mc.y  be  added  to  those 
which  have  already  appeared  in  '  N.  &  Q.' 
In  describing  tho  Church  of  the  Paternoster, 
on  the  Mount  of  Olives,  he  writes  (p.  15)  :  — 

"  The  Princess  Latour  d'Auvergne,  a  relative 
of  Napo/eon  III.,  had  this  church  built  in  1868, 
and  the  inscribed  tablets  [with  the  Lord's  Prayer 
in  thirty-three  different  languages]  put  in  the 
walls.  On  the  south  side  is  a  life-size  effigy  of  the 
princess,  and  in  a  niche  in  the  wall  her  heart  is 
deposited  in  a  red  granite  urn." 

J.  R.  THORNE. 

PATEN  OR  SALVER  ?  (12  S.  v.  13,  50.) — 
In  the  church  of  Farley  Chamberlayne,  near 
Winchester,  is  a  plain  silver  paten  with  a 
very  wide  rim,  on  which  are  two  coats  of 
arms  within  feather  and  leafage  wreaths. 
One  of  these  coats  (said  to  be  of  older 
engraving  than  the  other)  is  quarterly  : 
1,  St.  John  ;  2,  Beauchamp  ;  3,  Ewardby  ; 
4.  Carew,  with  Rivett  in  pretence.  The 
second  coat  is  London '(Argent,  three  cross- 
crosslets  between  two  bendlets  gules)  im- 
paling St.  John,  with  the  inscription  "  Ex 
dono  Robert  London  Armigeri."  It  was 
given  in  1691  by  Robert  London  in  memory 
of  his  wife,  buried  in  Farley  Church  under 
a  grey  slate  slab  with  a  white  marble  coat 
of  arms  (London  impaling  St.  John)  and  a 
Latin  inscription  which  states  that 

"  Here  lies  buried  Elizabeth,  eldest  of  the 
three  daughters  of  Oliver  St.  John,  Esq  ;  died 
Feb.  2,  1691,  aged  27,  in  the  third  year  of  her 
marriage  with  Robert  London  of  Middleton  and 
Fordley  in  Suffolk." 

Oliver  St.  John  was  third  in  descent  from 
William  St.  John,  who  was  buried  under  an 
altar-tomb  in  the  same  church  in  1609,  with 
his  effigy  in  full  armour,  and  the  arms, 
quarterly,  1,  St.  John,  differenced  by  a 
crescent  on  a  crescent  ;  2,  Beauchamp  of 
Bletsho  ;  3,  Ewardby  ;  4,  Carew  of  Bedding- 
ton,  impaling  Gore  of  Alderton,  Wilts. 
Oliver  St.  John  married  Margery,  daughter 
of  Francis  Rivett,  who  bore  for  his  arms 
Argent,  three  bars  spJble  ;  in  chief  as  many 
trivets  of  the  last.  These  arms,  on  a  shield 
of  pretence,  are  on  the  St.  John  coat  on  the 
paten,  and  it  is  often  suggested  that  it  was 
engraved  in  Oliver  St.  John's  time  on  his 
private  piece  of  plate,  and  that  on  his 
death  in  August,  1689,  it  passed  to  his 
daughter  Elizabeth,  whose  husband,  adding 
his  arms  on  an  additional  shield,  presented 
it  to  the  church  in  1691.  In  the  'Church 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


135 


Plate  of  Hampshire,'   by  P.  N.   P.   Braith- 
waite  (1909),  it  is  described  as 

"  Diameter  10  inches.  Marks  :  none  of  assay. 
T.C.  in  a  heart-shaped  shield,  and  with  V  with  art 
uncertain  object  placed  alternately  for  the 
maker." 

Perhaps  some  reader  learned  in  such 
matters  can  clear  up  the  mystery  as  to  the 
tradition  that  the  paten  in  Farley  Church 
was  once  a  dinner-plate  of  the  lords  of  its 
manor. 

One  may  perhaps  be  permitted  to  add 
here  a  translation  of  a  recently  discovered 
inscription  on  a  stone  beneath  the  drip 
from  the  roof  on  the  south  side  of  the  church 
of  King  Somborne  :  — 

"  Here  lies  Francis  Rivet  of  King  Somborne, 
in  the  county  of  Southampton,  Esq.  ;  also 
Elizabeth  his  wife.  He  died  the  13th  day  of 
December,  1668,  in  the  seventy-fourth  year  of 
.his  age.  The  lady  died  on  the  16th  of  April, 
1669,  in  the  sixty -fourth  year  of  her  age.  They 
left  two  daughters,  co-heiresses  :  Elizabeth,  by 
birth  the  elder,  wedded  far  away*  to  William 
Strode  of  Barington  in  the  county  of  Somerset, 
Esq.  ;  and  Margaret,  married  to  Oliver  St.  John 
of  Farley,  by  whose  sense  of  duty,  and  indeed  of 
love,  for  parents  deserving  in  the  highest  degree, 
this  monument — for  what  it  is  worth — stands 
forth." 

F.  H.   S. 

VAUVENARGUES  :  "  LA  CLARTE  EST  LA 
BONNE  FOI  DES  PHILOSOPHES  "  (12  S.  V.  39, 
105).  —  The  reference  to  Vauvenargues, 
'  CEuvres  Choisies,'  Pensees  Diverges  372, 
kindly  supplied  by  MB.  GEORGE  MABSHALL, 
has  enabled  me  to  locate  this  ma^im  in  the 
complete  edition  of  the  '  CKuvres '  by 
Gilbert  (1857).  Though  not  mentioned  in 
the  index,  it  is  printed  on  p.  475  of  vol.  i., 
as  no.  729  in  the  Supplement  to  the  '  Re- 
flections et  Maximes,'  which  begins  with 
no.  7C1.  These  "  Supplementary  "  R.  et  M. 
were  among  the  others  in  the  first  edition 
(1746),  but  were  arbitrarily  omitted  in  the 
posthumous  editions  from  1747  onwards. 

W.  M.  T. 

Oxford. 

INSCRIPTIONS  IN  ST.  JOHN  THE  EVANGE- 
LIST'S, WATERLOO  ROAD  (12  S.  v.  63).—- 
The  Latin  epitaph  (no.  16  in  COL.  PABBY'S 
list)  on  the  famous  actor  Elliston  enjoys  the 
honour  of  being  mentioned  by  Charles 
Lamb  :  — 

"  Great  wert  thou  in  thy  life,  Robert  William 
Elliston  !  and  not  lessened  in  thy  death,  if  report 
speak  truly,  which  says  that  thou  didst  direct 
that  thy  mortal  remains  should  repose  under  no 

*  The  word  ENVPTAM  (translated  above 
"  wedded  far  away  ")  is  unusual,  and  means  a 
woman  married  out  of  her  tribe. 


inscription  but  one  of  pure  Latinity." — '  The  Last 
Essays  of  Elia,'  '  Ellistoniana.' 

Lamb,  however,  was  in  error  when  he 
wrote  "...  .thou  wert  a  scholar,  and  an 
early  ripe  one,  under  the  roofs  builded  by  the 
munificent  and  pious  Colet."  Mr.  E.  V. 
Lucas  points  out  that  the  St.  Paul's  School 
to  which  R.  W.  Elliston  was  sent  by  his 
uncle,  the  Master  of  Sidney  Sussex  College,- 
Cambridge,  was  not  that  founded  by  Colet, 
but  St.  Paul's  School,  Covent  Garden. 
Joseph  Knight  in  his  '  D.N.B.'  life  of 
Elliston  says  that  the  author  of  the  epitaph 
was  the  actor's  son-in-law  Nicholas  Torre. 
EDWABD  BENSLY. 

LINES  UNDER  A  CRUCIFIX  (12  S.  iv.  297  ; 
v.  19).- — I  have  fun  across  another  English 
reference  to,  or  rather  translation  of,  the- 
old  rood -beam  inscriptions  cited  by  PROF.. 
BENSLY.  This  is  to  be  found  in  a  manu- 
script written  by  Sir  Thomas  Percy,  seventh 
Earl  of  Northumberland,  'declared  Blessed 
by  Pope  Leo  XIII.  in  1895.  His  Book 
of  Prayers*  was  owned  by  Mr.  George 
Browne  of  Troutbeck,  Kendal,  who  most 
generously  lent  it  to  the  Bishop  of  Hexham 
and  Newcastle  for  Ushaw  College,  Durham  ; 
and  the  late  Rev.  George  E.  Phillips,  always 
keenly  interested  in  antiquities,  described  it 
at  some  length  in  The  Ushaw  Magazine  of 
March,  1898,  pp.  35-48.  f  The  verses  to  be 
quoted  (they  bear  no  title)  come  from  p.  48 
of  his  paper.  It  is  obvious  that  they  are- 
based  on  the  "  Effigiem  Christi  dum  transis- 
honora."  Whether  the  rendering  is  the 
Earl's  own  work  is  unknown  ;  probably  it  is- 
not  his  :  — 

Christs  pictur^  humblye  worshipe 

thow,  which  by  the  same  doste  passe, 
yet  picture  worshippe  not,  but  him 

for  whome  it  pictured  was. 
nor  god  nor  man  this  Image  is,  whiche 

thow  doste  present  see, 
yet  whome  this  blessed  Image  shewes 

bothe  god  and  man  is  hee  : 
ffor  god  is  that  which  Image  shewes, 

but  yet  no  god  it  is  : 
behold  this  forme  ;    but  worshippe  ye 
thy  mynd  beholds  in  this. 

There  is  another  stanza  of  the  same- 
length,  beginning  "  O  passinge  worke  of 
pietie  !  "  and  a  closing  couplet. 

The  original  manuscript  of  Northumber- 
land's Book  of  Prayers  is  still  preserved  at 
Troutbeck  by  the  ladies  of  Mr.  Browne's 


*  The  authorship  is  certain.  It  is  established 
by  Sander,  '  Martyrium  '  :  "  Thomae  Perci,"  in 
Bridgewater's  '  Concertatio,'  1589,  f.  46. 

+  And  again  in  '  Lives  of  the  English  Martyrs,' 
ed.  Camm,  1905,  vol.  ii.  pp.  183-  5,  signed 
G.  E.  P. 


136 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  3.  V.  MAY,  1919. 


family.  It  seems  to  have  been  written  not 
consecutively,  but  at  two  periods,  separated 
by  a  long  interval.  The  former  section  is 
dated,  in  one  place,  1555  ;  the  latter  section, 
in  which  the  verses  occur,  is  a  product  of  the 
Earl's  imprisonment  in  Lochleven  Castle, 
forerunning  his  martyrdom  at  York.  The 
imprisonment  lasted  from  Christmas  Eve, 
1569,  till  Aug.  22,  1572.  This  dates  the 
Bl.  Thomas  Percy's  lines  as  at  least  twenty - 
^ight  years  earlier  than  those  I  quoted  from 
.John  Hamilton,  ante,  p.  20.  Known  English 
versions  of  PROF.  BENSLY'S  rood -beam 
inscriptions  reach,  therefore,  to  within  forty 
years  of  the  beginnings  of  the  Reformation 
fin  this  country.  L.  I.  GUINEY. 

"DRINK  BY  WORD  OF  MOUTH"  (12  S. 
v.  98). — This  saying  was  in  common  use 
'here  some  sixty  years  ago.  Often  a  bottle 
of  beer  came  into  a  hayfield  unexpectedly. 
A  search  would  be  made  under  every  coat 
and  shawl  lying  on  the  ground  for  a  glass 
or  mug  to  drink:  from.  Should  this  search 
prove  unsuccessful,  and  no  small  receptacle 
be  found  to  pour  the  beverage  into,  then 
it  was  said,  "  We  must  drink  by  word  of 
mouth."  This  meant  to  drink  from  the 
bottle  by  turns,  which  naturally  gave  a 
great  advantage  to  the  old  toper  accustomed 
to  absorb  his  liquor  from  the  bottle. 

The  origin  of  the  saying  was  probably 
the  Fleet  prison,  about  9  miles  west  of  our 
town ;  thus  this  notorious  locality  would 
make  it  of  Cockney  derivation. 

It  has  some  authority  as  used  by  Thos. 
Shadwell  (who  succeeded  Dryden  as  Poet 
Laureate)  in  his  comedy  'The  Squire  of 
Alsatia.'  His  characters  in  Act  V.  sc.  i. 
speak  thus : — 

Hackum.  But  I'll  go  fetch  some 

-Cherry  Brandy,  and  that  will  comfort  us. 
Here's  the  bottle,  let's  drink  by  Word  of  Mouth. 

Cheatly.     Your  Cherry  Brandy  is  most  sovereign 
and  edifying. 

Shamwell.     Most   exceeding   comfortable   after 
our  Temple  pickling. 

My  copy  of  the  play  was  printed  for 
.James  Knapton,  at  the  Crown  in  St.  Paul's 
Church-yard,  1699.  Shadwell  died  in  1692. 

W.  W.  GLENNY. 
Barking. 

DICKENS' s  TOPOGRAPHICAL  SLIPS  (12  S. 
v.  37). — To  the  interesting  instance  con- 
tributed by  MR.  F.  A.  RUSSELL  there  can  be 
added  "  Tells  on' s  Bank,"  so  vividly  de- 
scribed in  '  The  Tale  of  Two  Cities.'  The 
novelist,  when  planning  or  writing  this 
work,  saw  the  old  bank  building  of  Child 
&  Co.  next  to  Temple  Bar,  and,  impressed 
toy  its  appearance  of  great  antiquity  and 


the  careful  preservation  of  its  antiquated 
methods,  at  once  accepted  it  as  a  survival 
of  the  period  of  the  story  (1780)  ;  but  un- 
fortunately the  building  was  of  a  later  date, 
having  been  erected  in  1787  (see  Hilton 
Price's  *  The  Marygold  by  Temple  Bar,' 
1902,  p.  110),  when  2  Fleet  Street  and  a  row 
of  houses  called  Child's  Place  were  erected 
on  the  site  of  the  old  Devil  Tavern. 

The  building  described  by  the  novelist 
survived  until  April,  1878,  and  very  many 
illustrations  of  it  exist  (notably  in  The 
Illustrated  London  News,  Jan.  19,  1878). 
That  he  was  not  familiar  with  the  history 
of  the  bank  and  its  building  is  obvious. 
Apart  from  the  inaccurate  attribution  of 
date,  his  reference  to  the  use  ot  cheques  is 
at  least  haphazard  ;  and  surely  the  romantic 
elopement  of  the  bank's  heiress  Sarah  Child, 
almost  at  the  period  of  the  novel,  would  not 
have  been  omitted.  Even  sixty  years 
later,  when  Dickens  wrote  his  vivid  pen- 
picture,  the  story  must  have  survived  as  a 
well-preserved  tradition  of  the  bank. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

"CAMOUFLAGE"  (12  S.  v.  42,  79,  108).— 
The  Apaches  of  Paris  no  doubt  did  use  this 
word  before  the  war,  but  it  is  doubtful  if 
they  coined  it.  Sir  Israel  Gollancz  in  an 
article  on  '  War  Words  '  in  The  Star  con- 
nects camouflage  with  camouflet,  a  well- 
known  word  going  back  to  the  fifteenth 
century,  and  originally  meaning  "  a  puff 
of  smoke  blown  into  a  man's  eyes  through 
a  horn  of  paper,"  p«nd  hence  "  a  stifler  "  or 
mine  of  asphyxiating  gas  or  smoke.  The 
'  Grand  Dictionnaire  Larousse,'  Littre,  and 
Hatzfeld-Darmesteter  all  give  the  origin  of 
camouflet  as  uncertain,  although  the  last- 
named  suggests  it  may  be  formed  of  cat, 
moufle  for  mufle,  and  the  suffix  et.  But  the 
'  Nouveau  Larousse  Illustre '  mentions  a 
verb  camoufter,  meaning  to  disguise,  derived 
from  the  Italian  camuffare,  to  paint  the 
face.  And  the  '  Larousse  Mensuel '  for 
July,  1917,  derives  camouflage  from  this 
verb.  DE  V.  PAYEN-PAYNE. 

CHESS  :  THE  KNIGHT'S  TOUR  (12  S.  v.  92). 
— B.  B.  is  mistaken  in  surmising  that  there 
is  a  "  doubt  whether  it  has  hitherto  been 
shown  that  the  tour  may  start  from  any 
square — that  all  the  squares  of  the  board 
will  serve  the  Knight's  purpose  equally 
well."  A  certain  Dr.  Roget  so  long  ago  as 
1840  demonstrated  that  it  can  be  done  in 
a  twofold  manner.  One  exhibits  what  may 
be  described  as  the  re-entering  route, 
where  the  initial  and  final  squares  are  only 
one  leap  apart,  no  , matter  what  initial  square 


12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


137 


may  be  selected.  The  other  starts  from 
any  prescribed  square,  and  ends  on  any 
prescribed  square.  Roget's  may  be  de- 
scribed as  "  the  diamond  square  "  method. 
A  full  account  of  it  is  to  be  found  in  '  Amuse- 
ments in  Chess,'  by  Charles  Tomlinson,  1845. 
The  phrase  "  any  prescribed  square,"  as 
applied  to  a  terminal,  must  be  limited  to 
those  of  an  opposite  colour  to  that  of  the 
starting-point,  when  the  problem  is  per- 
formed on  an  ordinary  bicoloured  chess- 
board. This  follows  from  the  nature  of  the 
Knight's  leap  itself.  JOHN  W.  BROWN. 

[MR.  W.  FISHER  sends  two  other  diagrams  by 
which  the  Knight's  tour  may  be  begun  on  any 
square.  We  have  forwarded  these  to  B.  B.] 

GRIM  OR  GRIME  :  ETYMOLOGY  OF  THE 
NAME  (12  S.  v.  95).— We  have  Great  and 
Little  Grimsby  in  Lincolnshire.  The  name 
is  said  to  be  derived  from  a  common  Danish 
name,  Grim  or  Grimr.  The  legend  of  Grim 
the  fisherman,  who  became  lord  of  the  port, 
is  told  in  the  Old  English  poem  of  '  Have- 
lok  the  Dane.'  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Lines. 

In  Harrison's  '  Surnames  of  the  United 
Kingdom.'  (1912)  we  get  the  origin  of  the 
name  as  : — 

"  Grim,  Grime  (A.-Scand.).  1.  Grim,  Fierce 
(Old  English  grimm — O.  Norse  grimm-r). 

"2.  Mask,  Helmet,  Spectre  (O.E.  grima — 
O.N.  grim-r). 

"3.  Perhaps  Grime  has  occasionally  been  con- 
fused with  Grime  (Dan.  grim),  soot.  Hence  Dark, 
Dirty." 

Lower's  '  Patronymica  Britannica  '  says 
that  Grimm,  Grym,  is  the  old  Norse  Grimr — 
grim,  fierce,  an  ancient  personal  name,  and 
apparently  Scandinavian. 

Bardsley's  '  Dictionary  of  English  and 
Welsh  Surnames '  says  that  Grim  was  a 
common  name  in  England  in  the  thirteenth 
century,  and  accounts  for  the  great  number 
of  place-names  beginning  with  Grim. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

The  name  Grim,  which  signifies  fierce, 
terrible,  was  one  of  the  attributes  of  Odin, 
and  Norsemen  sometimes  attached  it  to 
their  children,  either  simply  or  in  some 
compound  appellation.  It  is  hardly  neces- 
sary to  remark  that  it  is  not  infrequent  in 
local  names,  Grimsby  with  its  legend  of  its 
founder  being  the  best-known  example. 
According  to  the  '  Concise  Oxford  Dic- 
tionary,' our  adjective  grim  should  be 
considered  in  connexion  with  the  German 
grimm  and  the  obsolete  grame,  angry. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 


Grim  or  Grime  is  a  not  uncommon 
name  of  Norse  descent.  The  eponymous 
hero  Gryme,  from  whom  Grimsby  takes  its 
name,  was  a  Northerner.  It  is  also  a  nourv 
meaning  an  evil  spirit,  goblin,  or  spectre,, 
and  wherever  the  site  is  connected  with, 
prehistoric  earthworks,  it  may  well  be  used 
in  this  sense,  or  perhaps  merely  to  show  their 
supernatural  origin.  In  Warwickshire,  about 
a  mile  north  of  Coleshill,  is  Grimstock  Hill, 
"  The  Goblin's  Post."  There  is  a  Grimsburjr 
in  Berkshire,  Grime's  Hill  and  Grime's  Pits 
in  Worcestershire,  and  so  forth.  It  will  also- 
be  remembered  that  the  cross -bearer  of 
St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury  was  a  Grim. 

J    HARVEY  BLOOM. 

GILT  WAND  (12  S.  v.  97). — This  is  evi- 
dently one  of  the  staves  borne  by  an  Earl 
Marshal's  Gold  Staff  officer  at  some  corona- 
tion or  other  public  function.  The  arms  of 
the  Earl  Marshal  are  at  one  end,  and  the 
arms  of  the  temporary  "  officer  "  should  be 
painted  at  the  other  end  of  the  staff.  A 
member  of  my  own  family  has  one  of  these 
staves  that  was  used  by  her  father  at  the 
coronation  of  Queen  Victoria  and  at  the 
Duke  of  Wellington's  funeral.  vj 

W.  G.  D.  FLETCHER,  F.S.A.V] 

Oxon  Vicarage,  Shrewsbury. 

[ST.  SWITHIN  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

ODESSA  IN  ROMAN  TIMES  (12  S.  v.  98) 
was  apparently  outside  the  boundary  of  the- 
Empire.  But  the  kings  of  the  Tauric 
Chersonese  (Crimea)  were  faithful  vassals 
of  Rome  until  dispossessed  by  the  Goths  in 
the  middle  of  the  third  century  A.D. 

A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

THE  '  NEW  ENGLISH  DICTIONARY  '  r 
CHANGES  IN  ACCENTUATION  (12  S.  v.  32r 
105). — Does  Milton  ever  intend  the  accent 
to  fall  on  the  first  syllable  of  ambitious  ? 
The  only  line ,  in  which  at  first  sight  he 
appears  to  do  so  is  '  P.  L.,'  vi.  160  :  — 

Before  thy  fellows,  ambitious  to  win  ; 
but  by  pronouncing  ambitious  as  a  word 
of  four  syllables  we  avoid  the  necessity 
without,  as  it  seems  to  me,  making  the  line 
un-Miltonic.  Infinite,  I  believe,  he  always 
intends  us  to  accent  on  the  first  syllable. 
I  have  not  looked  up  every  passage  in, 
which  the  word  occurs,  but  usually  it 
certainly  has  the  customary  accentuation, 
and  '  P.  L.,'  iv.  74,  seems  to  show  that  it 
should  have  it  where  the  other  might  be 
regarded  as  giving  the  proper  scansion. :  — 

Infinite  wrath,  and  infinite  despair. 
Surely  the   word   has   the   same   accent   ii* 
both  cases. 


138 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  MAY,  1919, 


Manure  seems  to  have  had  the  accent  on 
tfche  first  syllable  pretty  commonly  at  one 
time.  In  some  of  our  dialects  it  is  still 
pronounced  so — as  if  spelt  manner. 

C.  C.  B. 

"THE  DERBY  BLUES"   (12  S.   v.   97).— 

'  The     following     extract     relating     to     the 

"  forty-five  "  is  from  a  local  work  of  1906  :  — 

"  The  crisis  arrived  on  Tuesday,  December  3rd 
. . .  .About  4  o'clock  the  volunteers  (known  as 
'The  Derby  Blues')  mustered  in  the  Market 
Place,  with  the  intention  of  marching  against  the 
foe  ;  but  some  hesitation  manifested  itself,  and 
after  several  hours'  deliberation,  the  regiment 
about  10  o'clock  turned  its  back  upon  Ashbourne 
[where  the  rebels  were  reported  to  have  come  in], 
and  marched  out  of  the  town  by  torchlight  to 
Nottingham,  leaving  the  inhabitants  to  treat  with 
the  enemy  as  best  they  might." 

In  'N.  &  Q.,'  1  S.  xii.  252,  the  editor 
mentioned  '  The  Chronicle  of  the  Derby 
Blues  '  as  a  published  work,  apparently  of 
circa  1800.  W.  B.  H. 

BOUMPHREY  FAMILY  OF  LIVERPOOL  AND 
MANCHESTER  (12  S.  v.  67). — Count  Bourn - 
phre's  family  in  all  probability  is  related 
to  a  Welsh  or  Lancashire  Boumphrey  stock, 
in  view  of  the  fact  that  this  surname  is 
Welsh  in  origin — from  ap  +  Humphrey,  "the 
son  of  Humphrey,"  as  in  many  other 
instances,  viz.,  Bowen  (ap  Owen),  Price 
(ap  Rhys),  Pugh  (ap  Hugh),  Pritchard 
(ap  Richard),  Upjohn  (ap  John,  literally 
Johnson),  &c.  Boumphrey  alternates  with 
Pumphrey.  N.  W.  HILL. 

INSCRIPTIONS  AT  GIPPING  (12  S.  iv.  132). — 
MR.  ANEURIN  WILLIAMS  inquires  as  to  the 
meaning  of  two  inscriptions  in  Gipping 
Church. 

1.  Amla  might  be  an  anagram  for  Alma 
•  or    Alma    Mater,    alluding    to    the    Blessed 

Virgin  as  "  Ave  Maris  Stella,  Dei  mater 
alma,'"  or  to  "Alma  Salvatoris  mater." 

2.  Dineley    in    his    '  Progress    of    Henry, 
Duke  of  Beaufort,  President  of  Wa]es,'   in 
1684,  has  a  statement  that  a  Kemeys  of  the 
family     of     Cefn    Mabley,     Glamorganshire, 
was    Abbot    of    Bury    St.    Edmunds   in   the 
time   of   Henry  VII.,   and,   if    I    remember 
rightly,  gives  his  epitaph,  which  is  the  one 
that    in    'A    Tour    through    Suffolk,    1818' 
(a     revised     edition     of     Kirby's     '  Suffolk 
Traveller '),  is   assigned   to    John   Reeve    of 
Melford,    Suffolk.     If    there    was    really    a 
Welsh  Abbot  of   Bury    St.   Edmunds  at  or 

.about  the  time  when  Gipping  Church  was 
built,  this  might  account  for  the  Welsh 
inscription,  badly  spelt  by  a  rustic  ma3;on. 

H.  R. 


MR.  MEDOP  :  DR.  R.  COSIN  (12  S.  iv.  132, 
202).— See  7  S.  ix.  448.  Miss  Medhop,  a 
King's  County  heiress,  married  in  1639 
Trevor  Lloyd  ,of  Gloster,  King's  Co.,  a 
captain  in  the  army. 

I  have  a  reference  in  1649  to  Capt. 
Francis,  supposed  to  be  the  grandson  of 
Roger  Medhop  of  Medhop  Hall,  Oxford. 

Mr.  Medop,  Fellow  of  Trinity  College, 
Cambridge,  is  mentioned  under  1581  in 
'  Cal.  S.P.  Dom.,  1581-90.' 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

A  Thomas  Medopp,  M.A.,  was  Rector  of 
Hanwell,  Middlesex,  from  Aug.  29,  1575,  to 
his  death  in  Sept.,  1591.  Margaret,  his 
relict,  renounced  execution  of  his  will  on 
Oct.  9,  1591,  but  it  was  proved  on  Oct.  17 
of  the  same  year.  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

CUTTING  OFF  THE  HAIR  AS  A  PRESERVA- 
TIVE AGAINST  HEADACHE  (12  S.  iii.  2£0,  207, 
484  ;  iv.  32). — Under  this  heading  it  may 
not  be  entirely  amiss  to  produce  the  follow- 
ing passage  from  the  nineteenth  book  of 
'  Han-fei-tsze,'  a  collection  of  political 
disquisitions  of  the  celebrated  Chinese 
philosopher  Han  Fei  (killed  B.C.  233)  :  — 

"  Those  who  are  ignorant  of  the  art  of  govern- 
ment are  wont  to  say,  '  We  have  to  gain  over 
the  people's  mind.'  Now  to  gain  over  the 
people's  mind,  thus  to  govern  them,  they  need 
to  follow  only  the  rabble's  advice,  totally  dis- 
carding the  sage  counsel  of  I  Ying  or  Kwan 
Chung.  But  the  wisdom  of  the  rabble  is  as 
worthless  as  the  simple  children's  mind.  Should 
a  child  be  left  with  the  head  unshaved,  it  would  be 
attacked  with  stomach-ache  ;  should  a  child  be  left 
with  a  pustule  unopened,  the  pain  would  much 
increase.  Whence  the  necessity  for  the  mother 
to  perform  the  operation  with  her  hands,  making 
an  assistant  firmly  hold  the  child,  and  un- 
retarded  by  its  unceasing  cries  :  the  child  would 
unceasingly  cry  in  such  a  plight,  quite  unaware 
of  the  certainty  of  the  comparatively  small 
suf£?ring  exacting  a  large  relief." 

According  to  Aoki's  '  Kon-yo  Manroku,' 
1763,  the  Japanese  of  his  age  stuck  to  the 
same  opinion  as  the  ancient  Chinese — that 
to  leave  the  head  of  children  unshaved  is 
to  make  them  suffer  from  stomaeh-ache. 

KUMAGUSU   MlNAKATA. 
Tanabe,  Kii,  Japan. 

ROSE  OF  DENMARK  INN  (12  S.  iv.  326).— 

This  sign  is  not  mentioned  in  Lavwood  and 

Hotten  s   '  History  of  Signboards  '    (Chatto 

i  &  Windus,   1898).     Can  the  inn  at  Bristol 

|  referred    to    by    your    correspondent    have 

been  called  the  Rose  of  Denmavk  from   a 

ship  trading  at  that  port  ? 

WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 
Westwood,  Clitheroe. 


12  8.  V.  MAY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


139 


AUTHOR'S  NAME  WANTED  :  '  RAMBUES 
AROUND  NOTTINGHAM,'  c.  1855  (11  S. 
xii.  320). — In  '  Biographical  Sketches-  of 
Remarkable  People,'  by  Spencer  T.  Hall 
(1873),  is  a  short  notice  of  Capt.  Matthew 
Henry  Barker,  who,  under  the  name  of 
'"  The  Old  Sailor,"  wrote  works  illustrated 
by  George  Cruikshank  between  1824  and 
1845.  Hall  says  that  Barker  was 

"author  of   'Walks  round   Nottingham' for 

-some  years  editor  of  The  Nottingham  Mercury 

His  later  years  were  spent  in  London  in  editing 

one  of  the  illustrated  papers 1  saw  him  there 

in  1843." 

'The  '  D.N.B.'  notice  of  Barker  (1780-1846) 
says  that  he  edited  a  Nottingham  news- 
paper, 1827-38,  and  does  not  include 
'*  Walks  '  in  its  list  of  his  works,  which 
-apparently  does  not  assume  to  be  exhaustive. 
If  Barker  wrote  the  book  mentioned  in  the 
•query,  its  date  would  be  earlier  than  there 
suggested,  unless  a  reis&ue.  W.  B.  H. 

"  IRRELAGH  ;  OR,  THE  LAST  OF  THE 
CHIEFS  "  (12  S.  v.  69,  105).— The  REV.  J.  B. 
McGovERN  will  find  some  information  about 
Miss  E.  Colthurst,  the  author  of  '  Irrelagh,' 
In  '  Poets  of  Ireland,'  published  by  Houlston 
<fe  Stoneman,  London,  1849. 

WILLIAM  MACARTHUR. 

Dublin. 

PRAGELL  FAMILY  (12  S.  v.  42).— This 
surname  seerns  to  be  an  earlier  form  of 
Prall,  which  Lower  in  his  '  Patronymica 
Britannica  '  derives  from  the  Anglo-Norman 
pray  ell,  a  little  meadow,  from  French  pre,  a 
meadow,  whence  prairie,  grassland. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

AUTHOR  OF  QUOTATION  WANTED  (12  S.  v.  98). — 
If  of  dull  wits  this  stripling  you  suspect, 
Make  him  a  Herald  or  an  architect, 

is  a  translation  of  the  last  two  lines  of  an  epigram 

of  Martial : — 

Si  duri  puer  ingeni  videtur, 
Praeconem  facias  vel  architectum. 

V.   56,   10,   11. 

The  poet  is  advising  a  friend  on  the  profession  for 
which  he  should  train  his  son.  He  urges  him  to 
have  nothing  to  do  with  literature,  and  to  dis- 
inherit him  if  he  writes  verses.  If  the  lad  wants 
to  take  to  a  pursuit  that  has  money  in  it,  then  he 
should  be  trained  as  a  musician.  If  he  seems  a 
blockhead,  then  his  father  should  make  an 
auctioneer  or  builder  of  him. 

The  choice  of  the  less  appropriate  "  Herald  "  as 
the  equivalent  of  prceco,  and  the  use  of  a  capital, 
•suggest  that  the  English  lines  were  quoted  with  a 
personal  application.  The  most  famous  instance 
of  a  man  obnoxious  to  such  an  attack'  is  that  of 
•Sir  John  Vanbrugh,  dramatist,  architect,  and 
'Clarenceux  king-at-arms.  In  his  two  latter 
capacities  he  provoked  much  hostile  criticism. 

EDWARD  BENSLY.      I 


?B00ks,. 


Visitation    of    England   and   Wales.     Vol.    XIX. 

Edited     by    Frederick    A.     Crisp.     (Privately 

printed.) 
Visitation     of     Ireland.     Vol.     VI.     Edited    by 

Frederick  A.  Crisp.     (Privately  printed.) 

IT  is  with  pleasure  that  we  welcome  two  more 
volumes  of  this  valuable  modern  Visitation.  As 
in  previous  issues,  the  pedigrees  are  restricted  to 
the  last  four  generations  of  the  families  concerned. 
Exhaustive  particulars  of  the  family  history  of 
each  member  are  given,  which  will  be  invaluable 
to  future  generations.  There  are  forty-two 
pedigrees  in  the  '  Visitation  of  England  and  Wales,' 
viz.  :  Barnard,  Bolt  on,  Bvrdett,  Burrough, 
Cazalet,  Corder,  Cross,  Denne,  Douglas,  Farnham, 
Ficklin,  Forth,  Fripp,  Good,  Goodman,  Gower, 
Haversham,  Holmes,  Jackson,  Jex-Blake,  Landon, 
Lombe,  Madan,  Nelson,  Parmoor,  Penny,  Pytches, 
Hushbrooke,  Scott,  Staples,  Suckling,  Surtees  (2), 
Tarleton,  Tennyson-D'Eyncourt.  Turney,  Walker, 
Woollcombe-  Adams  (2),*  Wolseley,  WoYthington, 
and  Zetland  .  Some  of  the  pedigrees  are  illustrated 
with  portraits.  There  are  also  armorial  book- 
plates of  William  M.  Cazalet  and  Philip  B.  Ficklin, 
the  former  being  one  of  the  productions  of 
Sherborn. 

The  '  Visitation  of  Ireland  '  contains  thirty 
pedigrees,  viz.  :  Ashbourne,  Barry,  Bellew,  Boyle, 
Chambers,  Coplen-Lanford,  Edgeworth,  Fairan, 
Fox,  Gardner-Brown,  Higginson,  Hurly,  Inchiquin, 
Lecky,  Leslie,  Lisle,  M'Cance  (2).  Macanlay,  Mac- 
Dermot,  Magee,  Meadows,  Morgan,  Ogilby, 
Plummer,  Scott,  Shawe-Taylor,  Westropp,  Wilson, 
and  Wolseley.  Several  are  illustrated  with 
armorial  book-plates. 

The  appendix  to  each  volume,  consisting  of 
additions  and  corrections  to  previous  volumes, 
is  long  and  has  a  sa.d  tale  to  tell  of  casualties  due 
to  the  war.  Each  volume  is  also  provided  with 
an  excellent  index. 

In  addition  to  the  present  interest  of  these 
volumes,  they  will,  no  doubt,  be  of  still  wider 
interest  to  many  other  families  through  inter- 
marriages in  the  future. 

Journal  of  the  Folk-Song  Society,  no.  21  (Vol.  VI. 
Part  I.).     (The  Society,  19  Berners  Street,  W.) 

THIS  number  is  of  special  interest,  for  the  editor, 
Mr.  Frederick  Keel,  has  just  resumed  his  duties 
after  three  and  a  half  years'  internment  at 
Ruhleben.  We  congratulate  both  him  and  the 
Society  upon  the  happy  termination  of  his 
sufferings. 

He  has  signalized  the  occasion  by  contributing 
to  the  present  issue  a  number  of  songs  collected 
by  Lieut.  lolo  Williams  and  himself  in  1913  from 
the  neighbourhood  of  Haslemere.  One  of  these  is 
noteworthy  as  supplying  the  name  of  the  com- 
poser :  — 

These  words  were  composed  by  Spencer  the  Rover, 
Who  travelled  most  parts  of  Great  Britain  and 

Wales. 

This  was  sung  by  a  garden  labourer  aged  64.  He, 
however,  is  a  comparative  stripling  beside  Mr. 
James  Stacey,  who  sang  "  The  Ten  Command- 
ments "  or  "  The  Twelve  Apostles,"  for  he  is 
83  years  of  age.  The  annotations  on  this  old 


140 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  MAY,  ui% 


rhyme  are  of  exceptional  interest,  and  in  chide  a 
long  account  of  the  use  of  the  rhyme  in  Shetland 
as  a  charm-formula  against  witchcraft.  It  is 
also  recorded,  that  Mr.  Cecil  Sharp  has  printed 
three  interesting  American  variants  of  "  The  Ten 
Commandments  "  in  his  '  English  Folk-Songs 
from  the  Southern  Appalachians,'  published  in 
1917. 

Miss  M.  Arkwright  contributes  a  collection  of 
songs  from  Kent,  and  Lady  Ashton  of  Hyde  a 
collection  from  Sussex.  The  Appendix  co'nsists 
of  a  note  by  Miss  Lucy  Broadwood  on  "  Bango," 
the  miller's  dog,  which  she  connects  wTith  the 
"  bandog  "  of  Shakespeare,  Sir  Thomas  More,  and 
Spenser.  It  will  be  seen  that  a  feast  of  good 
things  has  been  provided. 


BOOKSELLERS'    CATALOGUES. 

MESSRS.  MAGGS'S  catalogues  are  always  in- 
teresting, but  no.  377,  '  The  Drama  and  Music 
from  the  Time  of  Shakespeare  to  the  Nineteenth 
Century,'  is  of  special  importance.  The  frontis- 
piece is  a  facsimile  of  '  The  True  Chronicle 
History  of  King  Leir,'  "  Printed  by  Simon 
Stafford  for  lohn  Wright,"  1605.  This  is  de- 
scribed as  "  the  only  absolutely  perfect  copy 
known,"  and  the  price  is  correspondingly  high— 
2,8501.  The  title-pages  of  the  first  four  Shake- 
speare folios  are  reproduced,  the  first  edition  being 
priced  8501.  ;  three  copies  of  the  second,  450Z., 
400L,  and  2251.  ;  and  the  fourth,  1251.  Several 
Shakespeare  plays  of  later  date  may,  however, 
be  had  for  Is.  (M.  or  10s.  Qd.  ;  and  a  copy  of 
'Double  Falsehood,'  which  Mr.  Oliphant'has 
been  analysing  in  recent  numbers  of  '  N.  &  Q.,' 
is  offered  for  II.  5s.  The  first  edition  of  Cowley's 
'  Loves  Riddle,'  written  while  he  was  at  West- 
minster School,  is  said  to  be  "  the  finest  copy  in 
existence  "  (240L)  A  great  rarity  is  the  first 
edition  of  '  The  Death  of  Robert,  Earle  of  Hun- 
tington,  otherwise  called  Robin  Hood,'  by 
Munday  and  Chettle  (3001.)  ;  and  almost  equally 
rare  is  the  first  edition  of  Preston's  '  Cambises 
King  of  Percia,'  alluded  to  by  Falstaff  in  the 
First  Part  of  '  Henry  IV.'  (425Z.).  The  numerous 
apt  quotations  scattered  through  the  catalogue 
will  be  a  pleasure  to  many  who  cannot  hope  to 
possess  the  volumes  described. 

MR.  JAMES  MILES  of  Leeds  has  many  noteworthy 
items  in  his  Catalogue  211,  for  May  and  June, 
such  as  the  10  vols.  of  the  'History  of  North- 
umberland '  issued  by  the  County  History  Com- 
mittee, 1893-1914,  81.  15s.  ;  a  complete  set  of 
The  Yorkshire  Archatoloyical  and  Topographical 
Journal,  24  vols.,  half  morocco,  1870-1919,  112.  11s. ; 
a  complete  set  of  the  publications  of  the  Yorkshire 
Parish  Register  Society,  56  vols.,  in  wrappers, 
1899-1916,  SI  8s.;  Foster's  'Pedigrees  of  the 
County  Families  of  Yorkshire,'  3  vols.  folio,  half 
crimson  morocco,  largest  paper,  1874,  10^.  10s.  ; 
and  22  vols.  of  the  two  series  of  Transactions  of 
the  Cumberland  and  Westmorland  Antiquarian 
Society,  16£.  16s.  Among  general  works  may  be 
mentioned  the  "National  Edition"  of  Dickens 
including  his  letters  and  speeches,  and  Forster's 
'  Life,'  with  850  plates,  40  yols.,  green  sateen, 
1906,  301. ;  and  Tassin's  'Plans  et  Protils  de  tontes 
les  principals  Villes  de  France,'  233  illustrations, 
halt  calf,  1634,  61.  6s.  The  section  on  Yorkshire 


Topography  and  History  includes  a  number  of 
illustrations  of  monastic  ruins  ranging  from  2-s.  6o5. 
to  10s.  Qd, 

MESSRS.  SOTHERAN  have  just  produced  another 
of  their  piquantly  annotated  catalogues — no.  772,. 
'  Bibliotheca  Viatica '  (5s.  per  annum).  Many 
of  the  works  included  are  supplemented  by 
comments  affording  much  solid  information* 
such  as  condensed  biographies  of  the  authors  ; 
but  the  annotator's  pungent  criticisms  attract 
the  reader  irresistibly.  Thus  Harper's  '  Half- 
Hours  with  the  Highwaymen '  leads  him  to 
remark  :  "  There  were  few  more  attractive  roads 
to  the  gallows  than  taking  to  the  road,  or  few 
more  excusable,  in  the  good  old  days  when^you 
were  hung  just  the  same  for  stealing  a  few  shil- 
lings in  silver  or  a  piece  of  cloth  from  a  bleaching- 
ground.  Indeed,  compared  with  the  stuffy 
knights  of  the  shire  who  drenched  the  Statute 
Book  with  blood  to  protect  their  bribe-gained 
guineas,  the  knights  of  the  road  were  not  only 
picturesque  but  pleasing."  Of  McAdam's- 
'  Remarks  on  the  Present  System  of  Road 
Making  '  he  says  :  "  His  memory  has  been  badly 
used,  for  the  present  way  of  tipping  large-sized 
lumps  of  granite  over  the  highway  anyhow,  and 
flattening  it  out  by  a  steam-roller,  *is  only  a. 

caricature     of     his  'method A     really     good 

macadamised  road  was  nearly  as  dull  to  the  eye 
and  as  wearying  to  the  walker's  feet  as  the  foot- 
pathless  tarred  road  of  motoring  banality  to-day.'* 
The  catalogue  contains  over  900  entries  relating, 
to  all  kinds  of  methods  of  locomotion — stage 
coaches  in  their  prime,  the  earliest  railways,  the 
first  book  on  cycling,  a  splendid  series  of  coloured 
aquatint  engravings  >of  early  steamships  [from 
drawings  by  William  John  Huggins  (marine 
painter  to  George  IV.  und  William  IV.),  Lunardi's- 
account  of  the  first  aerial  voyage  hi  England 
1784),  motor-cars,  and  airplanes. 

[Notices  of  other  Catalogues  held  over.] 


ta 


WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answers 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  query; 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

CORRESPONDENTS  who  send  letters  to  be  forwarded 
to  other  contributors  should  put  on  the  top  left- 
hand  corner  of  their  envelopes  the  number  of  the 
page  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  to  which  their  letters  refer,  so- 
that  the  contributor  may  be  readily  identified. 

ST.  SWITHIN  thanks  S.  F.  for  his  letter. 

J.  R.  H.  ("French  leave").  —  The  phrase  was- 
discussed  at  7  S.  iii.  5.  109,  518. 

REV.  E.  COCKER  (Touching  Wood).  —  The  origin- 
of  this  superstition  was  discussed  at  some  length 
at  10  S.  vi.  130,  174,  230,  476. 

H.  S.  BRANDRETH  (Pentagram  in  'Faust').  —  The 
pentagram  was  a  rive-pointed  figure  so  drawn  as  to- 
represent  a  star.  It  was  used  as  a  mystic  symbol 
and  credited  with  magical  virtues. 

CORRIGENDUM.  —  Ante,  p.  107,  col.  2,  1.  16,  for 
"light  "  read  eight. 


12  S.  V.  JUNE,  J919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


141 


LONDON,  JUNE,  1919 


C  0  N  T  E  N  T  S.  —  No.  93. 

NOTES  :— Morlandsand  Newcomes,  141  -Byron  Apocrypha, 
143— Statues  and  Memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  145  — 
Bibliography  of  Histories  of  Irish  Counties  and  Towns, 
147— Philadelphia  Link  with  London— Indentures— Bed- 
ford House,  Bloomsbury,  148  — Door-Knocker  :  "Bat"— 
Mills  at  Bransford-Land  of  Punt  —  "  Flummery  "— 
Jenner  Family,  149. 

QUERIES  :— Carlyle  on  the  Constellations  —  "  Ronier  " 
Months— J.  Perry,  Artist — Forgotten  Writers— Daudet's 
'Jack,'  150— Pitt  and  Dundas  at  New  Cross— 'Trilby ': 
'  Life  of  Henry  Maitland ' :  Keys  Wanted— Dr.  George 
Robertson  BaiHie— "Get  the  needle"— John  Shakespear 
of  Ratcliff,  151— Submarine  Boat  at  Paris— Stanhope— 
Stoyte  Family— Exeter  Cathedral  Epitaph — Bannister  of 
Antigua- Alderson,  Glass  Makers-Carew  Tournament 
—Richard  Hooker's  Bust— St.  Akelda,  152— Sir  Charles 
William  Taylor,  Bt.— Riddle  by  George  Selwyn— Shakes- 
peare and  the  Garden— Old  Clockmakers — Jack  Straw 
and  Wat  Tyler— Barr  Family— Master  Gunner— Somerset 
Incumbents,  153  —  New  Chesterfield  Letters— Kellond 
Surname— Labour  and  Capital— Wayte  Family— Heraldic  : 
Sable,  a  Lion  Rampant  —  Mercury  drawn  by  Cocks — 
James  Cockle,  of  Cockle's  Pills -Tilly  Kettle—"  Argyles  " 
or  Gravy-Pots— The  Houghton  Meeting,  154. 

REPLIES :— Queen  Anne  :  The  Sovereign's  Veto  :  The  Royal 
Assent,  155— Lilliput  and  Gulliver,  156  —  Westminster 
Hall  Roof— Aldelima,  12SO,  157— Bluecoat  Schools,  1^8— 
War  Slang—"  Macaroni  "—Deacon  in  Love— Hon.  Lieut. 
George  Stewart— Metal-bridge,  Dublin  — Wright  of  Elm- 
sail.  159— '  Three  Black  Crows'-Grim  or  Grime— Bird- 
scaring  Songs — Hedgehogs,  160— Bishops  of  the  Fifteenth 
Century— Rev.  Dr.  Clenock— Boase  Brothers— Biblio- 
graphy of  Epitaphs,  161— Churches  used  for  the  Election 
of  Municipal  Officers— John  Miers,  the  Profilist— New 
Shakspere  Society's  Publications— French  Revolution : 
"  Eat  Cake,"  162— Alabaculia,  Name  of  a  Racehorse- 
Byron's  Bust  at  Oxford — "Penniles  Bench" — Mews  or 
Mnwys  Family— Good  Friday  Pleasure  Fairs,  163— May— 
"Rough"  as  House -Name  —  Dickens's  Topographical 
Slips — "  Pro  pelle  cutem  ' — Anthony  Todfl,  164— Anguish 
Street:  "Scores" — George  Borrow — Missel  Thrush  and 
Mistletoe  Seeds,  165  —  "Daverdy  "— The  Swin— "  Rain 
cats  and  dogs"— The  'NED.':  Changes  in  Accentua- 
tion—Toad-Juice— Graves  planted  with  Flowers,  166 — 
Burt.  Miniature  Painter— Badulla,  Ceylon :  Tombstone 
Inscription — Hervey  or  Herver,,  167. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'Corn  from  Olde  Fieldes  '— •  The 
Story  of  Dr.  Johnson.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues.         Notices  to  Correspondents. 


MORLANDS   AND    NEWCOMES   AT 
HACKNEY    AND    BETHNAL    GREEN: 

BENJAMIN  MORLAND, 
HIGH  MASTER  OF  ST.  PAUL'S  SCHOOL. 

QUESTIONS  have  during  many  years  been 
directed  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  respecting  the  families 
of  Morland  and  Newcome  and  the  schools 
which  they  maintained  with  conspicuous 
success  in  these  North  London  suburbs 
during  the  second  half  of  the  eighteenth 
century.  The  evidence  which  I  have  accu- 
mulated enables  me,  I  think,  to  set  forth 
in  some  detail  the  history  of  these  families 
and  their  connexion  with  the  schools  in 
question. 


Among  the  papers  of  Hackney  Parish 
ihurch  (Y.  163)  in  the  Free  Library  of  that 
aorough  is  a  licence  to  Martin  Morland  to 
e  a  teacher  in  his  house  at  Hackney, 
Middlesex,  dated  May  16,  1672.  This  Martin 
Morland  was  the  son  of  Thomas  Morland, 
Rector  of  Sulhampstead  Bannister,  Berks. 
His  brother  was  Sir  Samuel  Morland,  who 
was  educated  at  Winchester  and  Magdalene 
College,  Cambridge.  I  have  not  traced  the 
places  of  education  of  Martin  Morland. 

The    three    sons    of    Mai  tin    Morland    al^ 
became     fellows     of     the     Royal     Society. 
I  cannot  find  any  trace  of  the  schools  at 
which  they  were  educated  or  of  their  having 
proceeded  to  either  of  the  Universities. 

Benjamin,  who  was  the  eldest  son, 
carried  on  his  father's  school  in  Hackney 
until  his  election  to  the  High  Mastership  of 
St.  Paul's  in  1721. 

Joseph,  the  second  son,  became  a  doctor 
of  physic  at  Epsom ;  and  Samuel,  the 
youngest  son,  became  a  schoolmaster  at 
Bethnal  Green. 

We  can  dispose  of  the  last  first.  Samuel 
Morland,  who  was  a  strict  Dissenter,  and  is 
described  in  '  The  Annual  Register  '  as  one 
of  the  best  scholars  of  his  time  ('  N.  &  Q.,' 
8  S.  vi.  368),  was  the  schoolmaster  i  nder 
whom  Philip  Yorke,  afterwards  Lord  Chan- 
cellor Hardwicke,  was  educated,  his  school 
being  "  at  the  Blind  Beggars  House  at 
Bethnal  Green "  (Harris,  '  Life  of  Lord 
Hardwicke,'  pp.  14-22  and  49,  where  are 
two  Latin  lettters  from  Morland  to  Hard- 
wicke). 

Samuel  Morland  had  two  sons — Martin, 
of  whom  I  know  nothing,  and  Samuel,  a 
physician  at  St.  Albans. 

Dr.  Joseph  Morland,  the  second  son  of 
Martin  Morland  the  schoolmaster,  left,  I 
believe,  no  issue. 

Benjamin  Morland  is  stated  in  Lysons's 
'  Environs  '  to  have  been  buried  in  Hackney 
Churchyard,  but  a  search  failed  to  discover 
his  tomb.  There  is,  however,  in  the  Hackney 
Public  Library  a  manuscript  book  of 
moumental  inscriptions  in  St.  Augustine's, 
Hackney,  from  which  I  take  the  following  :  — 

Here  lyeth  the  Body  of  |  Elizabeth  Morland   | 
late    wife    of  |  Benjamin    Morland  |  she    died    on 
the  j  7th     day     of      November   |  Anno     Domini 
MDCCXIX  |  aetatis    suse    L.VIII  |  [Latin    inscription 
not  legible]. 

H.  S.  E. 

Benjaminus  Moreland  R.S.S. 

Filius  Natu  Maximus  Martini  Moreland  A.M. 

A  Quo  Latinis  Grsecisq:    lit'ris  eruditus 

Optime  Patri  optimo  respondit 

Cum    bonis    artibus    animum   sedula   excoluisset 

Dehinc  ad  graviora  studia  progressus 

Decendi  Munus  Suscipete  statuit 


142 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[ise.  v.  ju«. 


Et  Qtiinquaginta"*quinque  Annos  amplius 
Primum  Kuccinice*  in  agro  Herbfordiensi  Oppido 
_  De  inde  in  hac  Parcecia 

Postremum  scholae  Paulinas  Praeceptor 

Per  duodecim  annos  primarius 
>i*w4rio  reipublicae  commodo  nee  fama  sua  minori 

Accurate    diligenter  et  Studiose 
Literis    ac   Moribus    ingenuis    pueros    instituebat 
Quorum     animos     caritate     ita     sibi     conciliavit 

[ ,Ut  ...  actoritatem  facilitas  non  diminuerit 

Pietate  morum  integritate 
Et  propensa  animi  benignitate 

Notis  omnibus  carus  vixit 

Magnum  q:  sui  desiderium  reliquit 

Obiit  in  aedibus  Paulinis  VII.  Id.  Oct* 

A.D.  Moccxxxni. 

JEtatis  suae  LXXVI. 

In  the  Hackney  Free  Library  is  the 
Tyssen  Collection,  which  was  formed  for 
the  purpose  of  accumulating  material  for 
the  history  of  Hackney  written  by  William 
Robinson  (who  was  himself  educated  at 
St.  Paul's),  and  published  in  1842.  In  this 
collection  is  a  book  of  newspaper  extracts, 
amongst  which  is  the  following,  dated 
February,  1730:  — 

"  The  gentlemen  educated  by  Mr.  Benjamin 
Morland,  late  of  Hackney  (now  High  Master  of 
St.  Paul's  School),  are  desired  to  dine  with  him 
on  Wednesday,  the  24th  instant,  at  Pontack's  in 
Abchurch  Lane,  where  tickets  are  ready  to  be 
delivered  at  half  a  guinea  each." 

Similar  notices  appear  under  the  dates 
Feb.  19,  1731,  Feb.  17,  1732,  and  Feb.  27, 
1733,  less  than  nine  months  before  the 
schoolmaster's  death. 

There  is  also  in  the  collection  a  press 
cutting  dated  March  24,  1770,  relating  to  a 
dinner  at  the  "  Thatched  House,  St.  James's, 
to  the  gentlemen  educated  at  Dr.  New- 
come's  in  Hackney."  Dr.  Newcome,  as  we 
shall  see,  was  Mr.  Morland' s  immediate 
successor  in  the  Head  Mastership,  and  was 
in  his  turn  followed  in  succession  by  two  of 
his  sons  and  one  of  his  grandsons. 

Comparatively  little  is  known  of  Benja- 
min Morland' s  tenure  of  the  High  Mastership 
of  St.  Paul's.  The  Surmaster  of  the  school 
during  the  whole  time  was  James  Green- 
wood, the  author  of  an  English  Grammar 
which  went  through  many  editions. 

Samuel  Knight  in  the  '  Life  of  Colet ' 
states  that  under  Morland  the  school  was 
"  in  a  very  nourishing  state"  ;  but  as  no 
school  exhibitions  were  awarded  from  St. 
Paul's  to  the  Universities  for  some  years 
after  1720,  the  chief  source  of  information 
as  to  its  pupils  for  the  period  earlier  than 
1748 — that  of  its  earliest  extant  registers — 
is  missing  for  the  whole  term  of  Morland' s 
High  Mastership.  The  names,  in  fact,  of 

*  Hitchin? 


only  forty  of  his  pupils  have  been  preserved. 
They  include  Thomas  Salmon,  Bishop  of 
Ferns  ;  Charles  Pinfold,  a  Governor  of 
Barbados  ;  George  North,  the  well-known 
antiquary  and  numismatist ;  Thomas 
Broughton,  one  of  the  compilers  of  the 
'  Biographia  Britannica '  ;  and  William 
Boyce,  "  the  Arne  of  English  church 
music." 

A  portrait  in  oils  in  St.  Paul's  School 
(reproduced  in  my  *  History  of  St.  Paul's 
School ')  is  traditionally  supposed  to  repre- 
sent Benjamin  Morland.  I  have  recently 
found  in  Allen's  '  London,'  1828,  vol.  iii. 
p.  397,  a  statement  that  on  each  side  of  a 
portrait  of  one  Edward  Forster  in  Mercers' 
Hall  are  those  of  Morland  and  Richard 
Roberts  (a  later  High  Master  of  St.  Paul's) 
as  well  as  one  of  Colet  on  panel.  Owing  to 
the  dismantling  of  Mercers'  Hall  as  a  result 
of  the  War,  I  have  been  unable  to  examine 
the  portraits  which  are  now  preserved  in  it. 

The  will  and  codicil  of  Benjamin  Morland, 
which  I  have  seen  at  Somerset  House,  refer 
to  four  daughters  and  three  grandchildren. 

I  have  drawn  up  genealogical  tables 
showing  the  various  members  of  the  Mor- 
land and  the  Newcome  families  as  far  as 
I  have  been  able  to  identify  them. 

Robinson  in  his  '  History  of  Hackney,' 
1842,  vol.  ii.  p.  140,  states  that  Newcome's 
School  was  on  the  site  of  the  London  Orphan 
Asylum  at  Clapton,  and  that  "Henry 
Newcome,  the  father"  (this  should  read 
"the  son")  of  the  Rev.  Peter  Newcome, 
who  was  Vicar  of  Hackney  in  1703,  having 
married  the  daughter  of  Mr.  Benjamin. 
Morland  in  1714,  succeeded  his  father-in-law 
in  the  care  of  this  school,  which  till  the 
year  1803  was  superintended  by  his  grand- 
son Mr.  Richard  Newcome.  The  Rev.  J.  C. 
Heathcote  kept  the  school  after  1803  until 
its  end,  I  believe,  in  1819  (12  S.  i.  313). 

Robinson  states  that  Dr.  Benjamin  Hoadly 
and  his  brother  Dr.  John  Hoadly  (who 
became  Archbishop  of  Armagh)  were  edu- 
cated at  this  school,  and  further  states  that 
in  1751  the  Earl  of  Euston  acted  in  a  play 
of  Terence,  and  that  in  1764  Lord  Harring- 
ton and  Lord  Richard  Cavendish  performed 
in  plays  at  the  school.  The  Earl  of  Euston 
was  the  grandson  of  the  Duke  of  Grafton. 

The  advertisement  of  the  sale  of  school 
furniture  at  Clapton,  near  Hackney,  1819 
(12  S.  i.  313),  speaks  of  the  former  pupils  of 
the  school  including  "  the  Dukes  of  Devon- 
shire and  Grafton,  Lords  Robert  Cavendish, 
George  Cavendish,  Southampton,  Stamford, 
Dover,  and  Hardwicke,  Sir  Gilbert  Heath- 
cote,  Mr.  Pelham,  &c."  The  Duke  of  Grafton 


128.  V.  JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


143 


referred  to  was  Augustus  Henry,  who  states 
•in  his  autobiography  that  he  was  under 
Newcome  at  Hackney.  The  Duke  of  Devon- 
shire was  the  fifth  Duke.  Henry  Caven- 
dish, the  natural  philosopher,  was  also  at 
this  school.  The  Lord  Hardwicke  who  has 
been  mentioned  was  the  second  of  that 
name,  the  great  Chancellor  having  been,  as 
we  have  seen,  at  Samuel  Morland's  school  at 
Bethnal  Green. 

The  four  sons  of  the  Lord  Chancellor, 
the  first  Lord  Hardwicke,  were  pupils  at 
the  school  at  Hackney,  viz.  Philip,  who  was 
born  in  1720,  and  succeeded  to  the  title  ; 
Joseph,  who  was  born  in  1724,  and  became 
known  as  Col.  Yorke  ;  John,  who  was  born 
in  1728:  and,  James  (afterwards  Bishop  of 
Ely),  who  was  born  in  1730.  Joseph  was 
greatly  praised  as  an  ambassador  by  Wraxall 
('  Life  of  Lord  Hardwicke,'  ii.  p.  575),  and 
was  created  Lord  Dover  for  his  diplomatic 
services.  It  seems  probable  that  the 
Lord  Chancellor  sent  his  eldest  son  to  the 
school  before  Benjamin,  the  brother  of  his 
own  old  schoolmaster  Samuel,  left  it  for 
St.  Paul's  in  1733. 

Reference  has  already  been  made  to  two 
members  of  the  Heathcote  family.  It  is  of 
interest  to  note  that  in  1726  Richard  New- 

•  come,  afterwards  the  bishop,  the  brother  of 
the   first   Henry   Newcome   who   succeeded 
Morland  in  the  school,  received  what  I  believe 
was   his   first   preferment,   the   Vicarage    of 
Hurley,  near  Winchester,  at  the  hand^  of 
Sir  William  Heathcote,  Bart.  (US.  vi.  149). 

The  newspaper  cuttings  in  the  Hackney 
Library — for  access  to  which  I  have  to 

'thank  Mr.  Clarke,  one  of  the  assistant 
librarians,  in  the  absence,  owing  to  ill- 
health,  of  Mr.  Aldred,  the  Chief  Librarian — 
contain  lists  of  distinguished  "  old  boys  " 
who  acted  as  stewards  at  the  dinners  to 
which  reference  has  already  been  made. 
Amongst  these,  in  addition  to  some  who 

'  have  already  been  named,  I  find  the  Hon.  J. 
Grey,  the  Earl  of  Sussex,  the  Hon.  John 
Leveson  Gower,  Sir  Mann  Wyvell,  Bart., 
John  Hatsell,  Esq.,  Sir  G.  Boynton,  Bart., 
Sir  J.  W.  Lake,  Bart.,  Sir  William  Young, 
Henry  Partridge,  Lord  Ravensworth,  Sir 
Foi-ster  Cunliffe,  the  Hon.  George  Hony- 
wood,  Richard  French  Chiswell,  and  Lord 
H.  Fitzroy. 

In  conclusion,  I  may  place  on  record  the 
fact  that  the  Hackney  registers  refer  to 
one  Elizabeth  Morland  who  was  buried  in 
1692.  This  wa^  not  the  wife  of  Benjamin, 
for  she  died,  as  we  have  seen  from  her 

•  epitaph,  in  1719.     It  is  possible  that  she  was 
1  the  sister  of  Martin. 


Another  name  is  that  of  Esther  Morland, 
who  died  in  1799.  This,  I  believe,  was 
Hester,  the  daughter  of  Benjamin  Morland. 
I  cannot  identify  Mrs.  Rhoda  Morland, 
who  died  on  Aug.  9,  1779,  aged  94 ;  and 
[  have  been  unable  to  discover  anything 
further  about  John  Newcome,  who  was 
married  in  1719  ;  Margaret  Newcome,  who 
died  in  1704  ;  or  the  Rev.  A.  H.  Newcome, 
who  died  in  1787, 

MICHAEL  F.  J.  MCDONNELL. 

Bathurst,  Gambia,  British  West  Africa. 

[The  pedigrees  of  the  Morlands  and  the  New- 
comes  mentioned  above  are  too  elaborate  for 
reproduction  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  but  we  shall  be  pleased 
to  forward  them  for  inspection  to  any  one  in- 
terested in  the  subject.] 


THE   BYRON   APOCRYPHA. 

(See  ante,  p.   113.) 

*20.  "  The  Duke  of  Mantua,  A  Tragedy.     By 
London  :    Printed    by    Thomas    Davison, 


Whitefriars,  1823."  (This  title  and  imprint 
given  by  W.  Nixon  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  Sixth  Series, 
xii.  249.) — In  the  library  of  Mr.  H.  E.  Huntington 
of  New  York  there  is  a  coi>y  of  the  second  edition  : 
London  :  G.  &  W.  B.  Whittaker,  1833,  which  I 
was  allowed  to  examine  ;  but  when  I  returned 
some  time  afterwards  I  found,  to  my  regret,  that 
the  portion  of  Mr.  Huntington's  library  containing 
this  drama  had  been  sent  to  California,  where  it 
is  at  present  inaccessible  to  me.  I  am  therefore 
unable  to  give  any  description  of  the  play.  On 
the  centro  of  the  title-page  there  is  a  vignette  of 
Byron  holding  a  mask  with  his  right  hand  before 
his  face,  which  it  half  covers,  and  from  behind 
which  he  is  peeping  with  his  left  eye.  The  book 
is  apparently  very  rare  ;  it  is  not  in  the  British 
Museum  ;  Miss  Greene,  Mr.  Morgan's  librarian, 
tells  me  that  she  was  once  offered  a  copy  ;  I  have 
never  seen  one  listed  in  a  bookseller's  catalogue. 

*21.  '  Hannibal.' — There  is  a  reference  to  a 
poem  of  this  title  in  the  'Life,  Writings,'  &c., 
iii.  89.  The  writer  describes  it  as  being  written 
in  a  light  and  sarcastic  mood  and  as  making 
Hannibal  "  the  slave  of  sensuality."  TT«  adds 
that  it  is  still  (1825)  in  La  Guiccioli's  hands. 

22.  '  Don  Leon.' — This  infamous  piece  may 
date  from  about  1824-30.  In  '  N.  &  Q.,'  First 
Series,  yii.  66  (1853),  thore  is  a  description  of  it. 
The  writer,  I.  W.,  makes  this  sin^'iL  iriy  accurate 
prophecy  :  "Is  the  writer  known  ?  I  am  some- 
what surprised  that  not  one  of  Byron's  friends  has, 
so  far  as  I  know,  hinted  a  denial  of  the  authorship  ; 
for,  scarce  as  the  work  may  be,  I  suppose  some  of 
them  must  have  seen  it ;  and  it  is  possible  that  a 
copy  might  get  into  the  hands  of  a  desperate 
creature  who  would  hope  to  make  a  profit,  by 
republishing  it  with  Byron's  and  Moore's  names 
in  the  title-page."  I.  W.  states  that  the  copy  he 
has  seen  "  was  printed  abroad  many  years 
since."  In  1866  this  prophecy  was  fulfilled  : 
"  Don  Lem  :  A  poem  by  the  late  Lord  Byron  ; 
Author  of  Childe  Harold,  Don  Juan,  &c.,  &c.  ; 
and  forming  part  of  the  private  journal  of  his 


144 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12 S.V.JUNE,  1919. 


Lordship,  supposed  to  have  been  entirely  destroyed 
by  Thos.  Moore,  [motto]  To  which  is  added  Leon 
to  Annabella  ;  An  Epistle  from  Lord  Byron  to 
Lady  Byron.  London  :  Printed  for  the  book- 
sellers, MDCCCLXVI."  A  copy  of  this  little  book 
is  in  the  possession  of  Miss  E.  C.  Mayne  ;  another 
in  the  English  Seminar  at  Erlangen  ;  a  third 
(which  I  have  seen)  in  Mr-  Morgan's  library.  It 
seems  not  to  be  in  the  British  Museum.  See 
'  N.  &  Q.,'  Third  Series,  xi.  477,  for  an  inquiry  as 
to  its  authorship  at  the  time  that  it  was  announced 
for  publication  ;  ibid.,  xii.  137,  for  statement  that, 
"  owing  to  some  interference,  the  poem  of  '  Don 
Leon  '  has  been  burked."  Miss  Mayne  does 
not  seem  to  know  that  this  1866  edition  is  a 
reprint  (see  her  '  Byron,'  ii.  319).  It  is  said  that 
John  Camden  Hotten  was  the  publisher  and  that 
it  was  he  who  had  practically  the  entiro  edition 
destroyed.  No  detailed  description  of  this  piece 
is  possible  ;  in  dealing  with  such  offscourings  of 
literature  the  warning  of  Virgil  to  Dante  is 
applicable  :— 

Saper  d'alcuno  e  buono  : 
Degli  altri  fia  laudabile  tacerci. 
Those  who  remember  the   circumstances  of  thia 
warning    may   get   therefrom    a   hint   as   to   the 
subject-matter  of  '  Don  Leon.' 

*23.  '  Lord  Byron  to  his  Lady.' — Begins  : 
"  How  strangely."  In  Galignani  1826  and  1828  ; 
not  in  1831  or  1835.  Where  was  this  first  pub- 
lished ? 

24.  '  Lines   found    in   the   Traveller's   Book   at 
Chamouni.' — The     theme     is     the     contrast     in 
character,    talents,    race,    and    motives    of    the 
visitors  to  this  place.     What  passion  moves  the 
author  of  these  lines  ?     Who  loves  him  ?     What 
friend  is  faithful  to  him  ?     At  least  he  has  sxifficient 
wisdom   to   conceal  his  name.     This  piece   is  in 
Galignani  1826,  1828,  1831,  and  even  1835. 

25.  "  All    hail,     Mont     Blanc  !     Mont-au-Vert 
hail !  "—This     is     apparently    sometimes     called 
'  Lines  found  in  the  Album  of  the  Hotel ....  at 
Chamouni  '  ;    but  it  is  not  to  be  confused  with  24 
above.     The  first  appearance  of  it  that  I  have 
noted  is  in  '  Life,  Writings,'  &c.,  ii.  384.     Of  the 
Galignani  editions  it  occurs  only  in   1826.     The 
theme  is  :  In  solitude  the  poet  communes  with 
Divinity,  far  from  the  pride  and  scorn  of  men  ; 
but  there  is  no  rest  for  him  until  he  passes  from 
time  to  eternity.     Yet  he  has  joys  unknown  to  the 
common  herd,  and  will  face  his  destiny  till  he  dies 
and  is  forgotten. 

26.  '  Stanzas   to  her  who  can  best  understand 
them.' — In  Galignani  1831  and  1835  ;    also  in  the 
one-volume    edition   of   the   Works   published   at 
Hartford  by  Andrus  in  1847  and  in  the  reprint 
thereof  in  1851.     The  piece  is  in  18  stanzas,  of 
which  the  last  will  give  an  indication  of  the  style: — 

But — 'tis  useless  to  upbraid  thee 
With  thy  past  or  present  state  ; 
What  thou  wast,  n<y  fancy  made  thee, 
What  thou  art,  I  know  too  late. 
2, 7.   'To  Lady  Caroline  Lamb.' — Begins  :  "  And 
sayst  thou  that  I  have  not  felt."     Not  to  be  con- 
fused with  the  genuine  "  Remember  thee."     The 
spurious  piece  is  not  satiric,   but  loving.    Their 
love  is  a  crime  ;   he  must  try  to  break  the  chain ; 
she  must   aid   him    by   dismissing    him    by    her 
disdain  ;   she  nrnst  fiee  from  the  shame  that  would 
otherwise  be  her  portion  ;   such  thoughts  as  theirs 
are  criminal ;    and  such  a  crime  leads  to  death. 


It  is  in  six  stanzas  of  eight  lines  each.  It  is  found 
in  Galignani  1826  and  1828  •  Andrus  1847  and 
1851. 

*28.  '  To  my  dear  Mary  Anne.' — This  piece  is 
called  spurious  in  Coleridge's  index  ('  Poetry,* 
vii.  440),  where  reference  is  made  tp  ibid.  iii.  20r 
where,  however,  no  mention  is  made  of  this  piece. 
It  is  said  to  be  in  Galignani  1831  and  1835.  Is 
there  a  spurious  '  To  Miss  Chaworth  '  besides  the 
genuine  "Remind  me  not"?  [See  Coleridge'a 
index  ('  Poetry,'  vii.  439). 

*29.  '  Faith,  Ix>ve,  Wisdom,  Power.'— Said  to 
be  in  Galignani  1831. 

30.  '  The  Triumph  of  the  Whale.'— In  Galignanr 
1826,   1828,   1831,  and   (under  the  title  'To  the 
Prince    of    Whales  ')    1835.     This    satire    is    by- 
Charles  Lamb. 

31.  '  The   Four   Barbers   of  Bagdat  [sic].     An 
Oriental    Allegory.' — This    prose    satire    on    the 
Congress   of   Vienna   is   quoted    as   by   Byron   in 
'Life,  Waitings,'   &c.,  ii.   161    f.     It  'is  a* sort  of 
parallel  to  Moore's  '  Fables  for  the  Holy  Alliance/ 
Each  of  four  barbers  shaved  his  customers  in  a 
particular    fashion,  so  that  each   class  of  client 
jeered  at  the  other  three  classes.     Quarrels  ensued, 
and    each   class    claimed   for   their   mode   divine 
origin.     One  roan   kept  aside  from   the  dispute,, 
bantered  them  all,  and  was  deemed  an  idiot.     At 
last  there  was  so  much  bloodshed  that  all  con- 
sented to  abide  by  the  fool's  decision.     This  was  r 
Let  each  person  follow  his  own  taste  and  compel 
the   barbers  to   perform   their  functions  for  the 
public    good.     This    was    done,    and    peace    and 
prosperity  followed. 

*32.  "  Aroaldo  ;  Gaddo  ;  and  other  unacknow- 
ledged poems  by  Byron  and  some  of  his  con- 
temporaries, collected  by  O.  Volpi,  &c."  Two- 
parts.  Dublin  :  1836. — This  volume,  no  copy  of 
which  I  have  discovered  in  America,  is  in  the 
British  Museum. 

33.  Most  of  the  foregoing  pieces  have  at  least 
the  externals  of  Byronism  that  enabled  them  to- 
pass  current  among  his  minor  pieces  in  piratical 
editions  of  his  works.  More  curious,  and  in  fact 
quite  inexplicable,  is  a  series  of  utterly  un- 
Byronic  poems  in  the  volume  '  Lord  Byron's- 
Tnlos,'  &c.,  Halifax  :  William  Milner,  1845.  (For 
full  title  see  Coleridge's  bibliography,  '  Poetry,* 
vii.  156.)  This  volume  was  reissued  in  enlarged 
form  in  1864  under  the  title  '  The  Choice  "Works  of 
Lord  Byron  '  (not  mentioned  by  Coleridge)  with 
the  imprint  of  Milner  &  Sowerby.  According  to 
Coleridge,  the  1845  edition  contains  twelve- 
spurious  pieces.  This  volume  I  have  not  s'-en. 
The  1864  edition  contains  ten  ;  as  follows  : — 

(i.)  'The  Illuminated  City.'— Three  eight-line 
stanzas  contrasting  the  brilliance  of  a  city  with 
the  gloom  of  a  battle-field. 

(ii.)  '  The  Wreath.' — Two  twelve-line  stanzas, 
each  ending  : — 

I'll  twine  for  thee  a  wreath  of  flowers, 
And  thou  shalt  be  my  love. 

(iii.)  No  title  ;  four  four-line  stanzas,  beginning 
"  And  shall  we  bend  and  bear  forever,"  against 
tyranny. 

(iv.)  '  A  Child  at  Prayer.'— Forty  lines,  of 
which  the  first  two  are  : — 

Kneel,  my  child,  for  GcA  i«  here  ! 
Bend  in  love,  and  not  m  lear. 

(v.)  "  Too  late  I  stayed." — Three  four-line 
stanzas  about  a  lover  who  lingered  over  time. 


12  S.  V.  JUNE,  1919.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


145 


(vi.)  *  Love  out  of  place.' — Begins  "  I'm  a  boy 
•  of  all  work,  a  complete  little  servant."  Six 
'four-line  stanzas  in  a  cheap,  sprightly  vein. 

(vii.)  *  Good-bye.' — Twelve  four-line  stanzas 
of  execrably  bad  allegory. 

(viii.)  '  The  Fair  Thief.' — Five  six-line  stanzas 
on  a  girl  who  "  stole  the  whiteness  of  the  snow  " 
.and  various  other  things. 

(ix.)  '  Lovers  Learning.' — Thirteen  four -line 
stanzas  on  a  lover  who  does  not  know  much  (the 
matters  on  which  he  is  ignorant  being  specified), 
tout  who  knows  how  to  appreciate  Cloe. 

(x.)  '  Irish  Melody.'  "  She  is  far  from  the 
land  where  her  young  hero  sleeps." — This  is  by 
Thomas  Moore. 

*34.  Among  the  advertisements  in  La  Vie 
parisiennc,  before  the  rule  went  into  effect 
against  copies  destined  for  foreign  countries 
carrying  advertising  matter,  was  a  list  of  English 
books  (mostly  salacious)  published  by  "  The 
Paris  Book-Club."  One  of  the  items  on  this  list 
is  :  "  Lord  Byron's  '  Unknown  Poems  '  (Very 

rare).  'If  not  Byron,  the  Devil.'  (Cloth.) 

20  fr."  This  I  have  not  seen.  What  does  it 
contain  ? 

Besides  the  above  thirty -four  items,  one 
may  note  two  others  that  really  do  not 
belong  in  "  the  Byron  Apocrypha."  James 
Hogg's  imitation  (not  parody,  as  is  so  often 
stated)  of  '  Childe  Harold '  published  in 

*  The  Poetic  Mirror,'    1816,  under  the  title 

*  The   Gorilla,'    seems   occasionally   to   have 
been  accepted  as   Byron's  genuine  produc- 
tion.    Mrs.    Hemans's    'Modern    Greece,'    a 
poem  somewhat  in  the  manner  of   '  Childe 
Harold,'    was    published  by  Murray   anony- 
mously in   1817.     It  seems   occasionally  to 
have  been  attributed  to  Byron.     The  copy 
in     Mr.     H.     E.     Huntington's     library     is 
stamped  on  the  binding  "  By  Lord  Byron," 
and    has    a    similar    attribution    written    in 
pencil  on  the  title-page. 

Note  finally  that  the  list  here  submitted 
does  not  include  any  spurious  Continuations 
of  '  Don  Juan,'  with  which  I  am  to  deal 
elsewhere.  SAMUEL  C.  CHEW. 

Bryn  Mawr  College,  Pennsylvania. 


STATUES    AND    MEMORIALS    IN   THE 
BRITISH  ISLES. 

(See  10  S.  xi.,  xii.  ;  11  S.  i.-xii.  passim  ; 
12  S.  i.  65,  243,  406  ;  ii.  45,  168,  263,  345  ; 
iii.  125,  380,  468  ;  iv.  69,  207,  294,  319; 
v.  89.) 

LOCAL  WORTHIES  (continued). 
WILLIAM  LAING. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne. — At  the  junction  of 
the  Great  North  Road  and  the  Jesmond 
Dene  Road  is  a  combined  horse -trough  and 
drinking-fountain.  It  is  constructed  of 


red  granite  and  stone,  and  consists  of  a 
square  base  containing  the  water  supply, 
with  the  inscription  on  the  west  side.  It  is 
surmounted  by  a  short  column,  and  that  in 
turn  by  a  ball.  It  was 

Erected 
by  the  widow  of  the  late 

William  Laing 

of     Newcastle-on-Tyne     and     Gosforth 
in  affectionate  remembrance  of 

his  lifelong  interest  in  and 

kindness  to  all  dumb  animals 

1895. 

COL.  COTJLSON. 

Newcastle-on-Tyne. — On  May  27,  1914,  a 
drinking-fountain  for  animals,  erected  as  a 
memorial  to  Col.  Coulson,  was  inaugurated. 
It  is  placed  in  the  Haymarket,  nearly 
opposite  the  Palace  Theatre.  It  consists  of 
two  troughs  of  unpolished  Balmoral  granite, 
surmounted  in  the  centre  by  a  pedestal  of 
Heworth  stone  supporting  a  bronze  draped 
bust  of  the  Colonel.  The'  sculptor  was 
M.  Arnold  Rechberg  of  Paris.  On  the 
pedestal  is  inscribed  : — 

William  Lisle  Blenkinsopp 

Coulson 
1841-1911. 

Erected  by  public  subscription  in  memory  of 
his  efforts  to  assist  the  weak  and  defenceless  among 
mankind  and  in  the  animal  world. 

The  cost  of  the  memorial  was  about  600Z. 

COL.  AND  THE  HON.  MBS.  WILLIAMSON. 

Comrie,  Perth. — In  a  prominent  position 
on  a  knoll  of  Tomperran  Hill,  near  Comrie 
railway  station,  a  granite  cairn  was  erected 
in  1913  by  the  inhabitants  of  the  district  to 
commemorate  the  celebration  of  the  diamond 
wedding  of  Col.  and  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Williamson 
of  Lawers.  It  is  22  ft.  high  on  a  base  10  ft. 
square.  Lady  Dundas  performed  the  un- 
veiling ceremony.  On  a  slab  of  Peterhead 
granite  is  the  following  inscription  :  — 

"  Erected  by  the  inhabitants  of  Comrie  and 
Monzievaird,  and  numerous  other  friends,  to 
commemorate  the  diamond  wedding  of  Colonel 
Williamson  and  the  Hon.  Mrs.  Williamson  of 
Lawers,  celebrated  on  the  6th  January,  1913.  A 
lasting  token  of  brotherhood,  and  a  mark  of 
gratitude  and  affection  for  their  self-denying 
labours  in  the  public  interest  and  their  many  acts 
of  private  kindness  during  sixty  years  of  married 
life." 

CLAUDE  MITCHELL. 

Rugby. — In  1916  a  massive  drinking - 
trough  of  polished  granite  was  placed  in  the 
Cattle  Market  by  Mrs.  Mitchell  of  Thurlaston 
Grange  in  memory  of  her  husband.  It  is 
inscribed  in  gold  letters  on  the  front  :  — 
"  In  Memory  of  Claude  Mitchell,  1916." 


146 


NOTES  AND  Q  UEKIES.          ti2  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


ALDERMAN  MORRISON. 

Donnybrook,  co.  Dublin.— In  the  centre 
of  the  Cross  Roads  is  a  granite  obelisk 
inscribed  as  follows  : — 

N.  MDCCCXXXVIII  I  Erected  |  to    the  |  Memory 
I  of  I    the  late  |  Alderman  |  Arthur  I  Morrison. 

E.  As  |  Lord  May->r  |  of  the  city  of  |  Dublin  | 
he  was  |  respected  |  and  |  esteemed. 

S.  He  was  |  a  |  sincere  |  friend  |  charitable  | 
kind  I  and  I  generous. 

W.  As  a  |  Christian  |  and  |  Citizen  |  there  were 
|  few  to  |  equal  |  none  to  |  surpass  him. 

Miss  CASSELL. 

Kew,  Surrey. — In  February,  1904,  a  stone 
seat  was  placed  among  the  beech  trees  on 
the  south  side  of  Kew  Gardens.  It  was 
presented  by  friends  in  memory  of  Miss 
Cassell,  who  for  twenty  years  was  super- 
intendent of  the  College  for  Working  Women. 
It  contains  the  following  inscriptions  :  — 

Li!e — too  gjit. 
Let  -as  tak-3  our  hands  and  help,  this  day  we  are 

alive  together. 
Look  up  on  high,  and  tbank  the  God  ot  all. 

WIRE,  SMYTH,  AND 'VINT. 

Colchester. — Among  the  marble  busts  at 
the  Town  Hall  are  the  following  :  — 

Alderman  David  Wire,  Lord  Mayor  of 
London  1859.  Born  at  Colchester  1800. 
Died  1860.  (Presented  by  Mr.  A.  O.  Stopes.) 

Sir  George  Henry  Smyth,  Bart.,  M.P.  for 
Colchester  1825-50.  Died  1852.  (Presented 
by  Mr.  Wm.  Peck.) 

Henry  Vint,  Mayor  of  Colchester  1843-4. 
(Presented  by  Mr.  H.  Goodyear.) 

MR.  AND  MRS.  G.  D.  COLLINS. 

Wisbech. — This  memorial  fountain  is 
erected  in  the  Old  Market  from  designs  by 
Mr.  H.  H.  Armstead,  R.A.  It  was  unveiled 
by  the  donors,  Mrs.  S.  J.  Pocock  and  Mrs. 
Prankard  (daughters  of  Mr.  and  Mrs.  Collins). 
The  main  structure  is  of  red  Mansfield  stone, 
the  water  vases  and  panels  being  of  Sicilian 
marble.  Above  the  horse-trough  is  in- 
scribed :  "  The  righteous  man  regardeth  the 
life  of  his  beast"  (Proverbs  xii.  10).  In 
front  are  two  panels,  one  of  which  depicts 
gurnards  playing  in  the  water  and  bears  the 
following  line  from  '  Timon  of  Athens  '  : — 
Honest  water  which  ne'er  left  man  i'  the  mire. 
The  other  is  thus  inscribed  : — 

"  Erected  in  memory  of  George  Duppa  Collinfe 
and  Mary  Anne  Collins,  for  many  years  resident 
in  -this  town,  by  their  loving  daughters." 
Mr.  Collins  was  for  a  long  tune  clerk  to  the 
Wisbech  Board  of  Guardians. 


RICHARD  YOUNG. 

Wisbech.— In  the  park  near  the  Lynn? 
Road  is  a  memorial  to  Alderman  Young 
consisting  of  a  column  and  a  drinking  - 
fountain.  It  was  inaugurated  Oct.  31,  1872,. 
in  the  presence  of  the  Lord  Mayor  of  London 
(Sir  Sills  Gibbons)  and  the  Sheriffs.  It  cost 
about  300Z.,  being  constructed  from  designs 
by  Mr.  J.  Wallis  Chapman  of  London.  It 
was  blown  down  during  a  gale  on  Dec.  11, 
1883,  and  eventually  re-erected  with  slight 
alterations  to  ensure  its  stability.  The- 
base  is  thus  inscribed  : — 

Memorial  to 
Aid.    Bichard    Young,    .T.P.,    D.L., 

Born  1809.     Died  1871. 
M.P.  for  Cambridgeshire  1865-1868.      . 

Mayor  of  Wisbech  1858-1863. 

Sheriff  of  London  and  Middlesex  1871. 

Erected  by  Subscription  1872. 

Fredc.  Ford,  Mayor. 

Bestored  1885. 

Fredc.  Poatling,  Mayor. 

"  Indignante  invidia  florebit  Justus.  " 

JACKSON  FOUNTAIN. 

Wisbech. — This  fountain,  erected  in  the- 
Market  Place,  was  provided  by  a  legacy 
from  the  Rev.  Henry  Jackson,  Vicar  of 
Wisbech  St.  Mary,  to  perpetuate  the 
memory  of  his  parents,  the  Rev.  Jeremiah 
Jackson  and  Mrs.  Jackson.  It  was  opened 
by  the  Mayor,  Alderman  J.  W.  Stanley,  OIL 
Oct.  27,  1879.  Over  the  horse-trough  is 
sculptured  a  representation  of  Arabs  watering: 
their  horses.  Over  the  drinking-fountain  is 
inscribed  :  — 

"  The  Gift  of  Henry  Jackson,  M.A.,  1878." 

JOHN  BATCHELOR. 

Cardiff. — In  front  of  the  Free  Library  is  a- 
bronze  statue  of  John  Batchelor.  He  is 
represented  bareheaded,  in  the  act  of 
speaking,  with  right  hand  outstretched.. 
The  pedestal  is  thus  inscribed  :  — 

John  Batchelor 

B.  1820     D.  1883 

The  Friend  of  Freedom. 

ALEXANDER  BROWN. 

Daventry.—  On  Oct.  25,  1916,  Councillor 
T.  Brown  of  Birmingham  inaugurated  a  gift 
to  the  borough  of  Daventry  of  new  entrance 
gates  and  boundary  wall  to  the  Recreation 
Ground.  It  was  provided  by  means  of  a- 
clause  in  the  will  of  his  brother,  Mr.  Alex.  A. 
Brown  of  Birmingham,  a  native  of  Daventry. 
The  work  was  designed  by  Mr.  A.  Harrison 
(brother-in-law),  and  carried  out  by  Messrs, 


128.  V.  JUNE,  1919.J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


147 


TBosworth  &  Wakeford.  The  wall  is  con- 
structed of  Hornton  stone,  and  is  surmounted 
T3y  ornamental  iron  railings.  The  motive  of 
-the  design  is  the  spire  of  the  parish  church, 
each  pier  in  the  fence  being  crowned  with 
;a  pinnacle  and  ball.  The  central  porch  is 
arched,  and  roofed  with  a  copper  dome. 
On  the  face  of  the  arch  are  carved  scenes 
•depicting  the  sport  of  coursing,  a  recreation 
to  which  the  donor  was  ardently  devoted. 
On  a  panel  over  the  centre  is  simply  in- 
scribed :  — 

A.  A.  B. 
1916 

ALDERMAN  BANNISTER. 

Hull.— On  Oct.  15,  1879,  a  marble  statue 
of  Alderman  Bannister,  the  chief  promoter 
•of  the  Hull  and  Withernsea  Railway  and  the 
Hull  tramways,  was  unveiled  by  Alderman 
Waller,  Mayor  of  Hull.  It  was  sculptured 
by  Mr.  Keyworth,  jun.,  a  native  of  the  town, 
and  represents  the  late  Alderman  clad  in  his 
robes  of  office.  The  pedestal  is  thus 
inscribed  :  — 

"  Anthony  Bannister,  Justice  of  the  Peace, 
.Alderman,  twice  Mayor,  twice  Sheriff,  and  thirty- 
three  years  an  active  member  of  the  Corporation 
of  Hull.  Born  April  4,  1817  ;  died  July  18,  1878. 
Erected  by  subscription  in  recognition  of  his 
•public  spirit,  kindness  of  heart,  generous  character 
^and  unremitting  zeal  for  his  native  town." 

DR.  HITCHMAN. 

Leamington. — Near  the  North  Lodge  in 
the  Jephson  Gardens,  and  flanking  the  main 
road,  is  a  large  ornamental  fountain.  It  was 
erected  by  public  subscription  in  1863  to  the 
memory  of  Dr.  John  Hitchman,  a  well-known 
local  surgeon  and  a  large  benefactor  to  the 
town.  He  was  one  of  the  principal  pro- 
moters of  the  rebuilding  of  the  parish 
-church,  1843-9.  The  inscriptions  on  the 
•central  granite  column  and  on  the  rim  of  the 
lower  basin  are  now  practically  obliterated. 
All  that  is  left  is  the  bare  statement  that  it 
-was  erected  "  in  memory  of  John  Hitchman, 
1863." 

JOSEPH  LOCKE. 

Barnsley. — Joseph  Locke  was  born  a* 
Attercliffe  ^Aug.  9,  1805.  When  he  was 
five  years  old  his  parents  removed  to  Barns- 
Iley,  and  he  received  his  education  at 
Barnsley  Grammar  School.  He  was  trained 
under  George  Stephenson,  and  ultimately 
became  a  famous  railway  engineer.  He 
was  M.P.  for  Honiton  in  1847,  and  died 
Sept.  18,  1860,  being  buried  in  Kensal  Green 
•Cemetery  (square  99).  His  statue  by  Baron 
Marochetti  was  designed  for  St.  Margaret's 
Oardens,  Westminster,  but  was  eventually 


placed  in  Locke  Park,  Barnsley.  It  was 
surrounded  by  a  heavy  stone  balustrade  in 
1877.  Mr.  Locke  is  represented  bare- 
headed, and  clad  in  ordinary  civilian  attire, 
wearing  a  frock  coat.  The  pedestal  merely 
contains  his  name  :  — 

JOSEPH    LOCKE. 

The  park,  formerly  known  as  High  Stile 
Field,  was  presented  to  Barnsley  by  his 
widow.  A  tower  was  eventually  erected  in 
the  park,  and  on  it  is  a  tablet  bearing  the 
Locke  arms,  flanked  by  interlaced  mono- 
grams, and  the  following  inscription  :  — 

In  memory  of 

the  Donor  of  the  Locke  Park 
Phoebe,  widow  of  Joseph  Locke,  M.P. 

this  Tower  was  erected 
and  20  acres  added  to  the  Park 

by  her  sister 

Sarah  McCreery  A.D.  1877. 
Near    the    statue    is    a    circular    fountain. 
Entrance  is  gained  by  a  small  doorway,  and 
on  the  exterior  are  three  tablets  inscribed  : — 

1.  Erected  by  the 
working  men  of 

Barnsley  1877. 

2.  A  tribute  of 

gratitude  to 
Miss  McCreery 

3.  S.M.C.,    L.P.B.     and    a    shield    bearing    the 

Locke  arms. 

A  window  was  erected  to  Locke's  memory 
in  the  north  aisle  of  Westminster  Abbey. 

JOHN  T.  PAGE. 
Long  Itchington,  Warwickshire. 

[MR.  W.  MACARTHUR  of  Dublin  informs  us 
that  he  was  one  of  MR.  PAGE'S  collaborators,  and 
that  he  has  various  memoranda  on  the  subject 
which  he  hopes  to  contribute  to  'N.  &  Q.'] 


BIBLIOGRAPHY    OF    HISTORIES     OF 
IRISH  COUNTIES  AND  TOWNS. 

(See  11  S.  xi.  103,  183,  315  ;  xii.  24,  276, 
375  ;  12  S.  i.  422  ;  ii.  22,  141,  246,  286, 
406,  445,  522;  iii.  336.) 

SINCE  my  article  appeared  at  the  last 
reference  I  have  noted  the  following  addi- 
tions to  the  subject  :  — 

Aran  Islands.  —  Lawless  (Emily).  Grania.  1894. 
Ardaqh  (Longford).  —  Monahan  (John).  Ardagh. 


Athlone.—  Joly     (J.     S.).     The     Old     Bridge     of 

Athlone.     1881. 
Belfast.  —  Ramsey  (S.).     Two  Papers  on  the  Early 

History  of  Belfast.     1889. 

Young  (B.  M.).     Belfast  and  the  Province  of 

Ulster  in  the  Twentieth  Century.     1909. 
Clontarf  (Dublin).  —  Drummond  (William).     Clon- 

tarf  :  a  Poem.     1822. 

Hime  (Mrs.  M.  C.  B.).     Brian  Boru  and  the 

Battle  of  Clontarf.     1889. 


H8 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


Cork.  —  Caulfield      (Richard).        Rotulus      Pipae 

Clonensis.     1869. 
Dalkey. — Dalkey     Sixty    Years    Ago     (Illustrated 

Dublin  Journal,  1861-2,  pp.  475-7). 
Dublin. — Atkinson  (Sarah).     Essays.     1806. 

Ball  (F.  E.).     The  Vicinity  of  the  Irish  Inter- 
national Exhibition.     1907.' 

Chart     (D.     A.).       The   Story      of      Dublin 

("  Mediaeval    Towns  ").     1907. 

Fitzpatrick      (S.      O.).     Dublin      ("  Ancient 

Cities  ").     1907. 
Dundrum  (Down). — Phillips  (J.  J.).     Annals  and 

Archaeology  of  Dundrum  Fortress.     1883. 
Inishowen      (Donegal). — "  Maghto chair."      Inish- 

owen.     1867. 
Kilkenny. — Robertson   (J.   G.).      Antiquities  and 

Scenery  of  the  County  of  Kilkenny.     1851. 
Kilmallock. — Croker  (T.  C.).     Historical  Illsutra- 

tions  of  Kilmallock.      1840. 
Lisburn. — Bayly  (Henry).     A  Topographical  and 

Historical  Account  of  Lisburn.      1834. 
Lucan. — Joyce    (W.    St.    John).     Lucan    and    its 

Neighbourhood.     1901. 
Monaghan. — Rushe  (D.C.).      Historical  Sketches 

of  Monaghan. 
St.     Mullins. — O'Lcary    (Patrick).     St.    Mullins. 

1913. 
Strabane. — Campbell     (A.     A.).     Notes     on     the 

Literary  History  of  Strabane.     1902. 
Waterford. — Fitzpatrick     (Thomas).      Waterford 

during  the  Civil  War.     1912. 

The  Cochrane  collection  in  the  Rathmines 
Public  Library,  Dublin,  is  very  rich  in  books 
dealing  with  Ireland.  J.  ARDAGH. 

35  Church  Avenue,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 


PHILADELPHIA  LINK  WITH:  LONDON. — In 
the  manuscripts  preserved  at  the  Guildhall 
Library  I  came  across  this  entry  of  a 
mural  inscription  at  St.  Botolph's  Church, 
Aldersgate  :  — 

"  In  the  vaii It  of  this  church  are  deposited  the 
Remains  of  Miss  Catharine  Mary  Meade,  daughter 
of  George  Meade,  Esq.  of  Philadelphia,  North 
America,  who  departed  this  life  the  18th  day  of 
January,  1790,  in  the  21st  year  of  her  age. 

*  *  *  * 

Transferred  from  Pennsylvania's  friendly  coast 

A  father's  blessing  and  a  mother's  boast 
On  Albion's  sea-girt  shore  an  early  fate 

Postponed  each  transport  to  a  future  state 
Death  raised  a  barrier  to  each  tender  scene 

More  fatal  than  the  waves  that  roll  between. 

This  church  has  a  special  interest,  for 
within  its  parish,  and  indeed  almost  within 
sight  of  it,  wa^  produced  the  1623  edition 
of  Shakespeare.  WM.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

INDENTURES. — I  do  not  regard  Old  Testa- 
ment Scripture  from  the  same  point  of  view 
as  Sir  James  Frazer,  but  his  work  on  its 
folk-lore,  and  a  great  deal  besides,  meets  a 
desire  for  knowledge  and  introduces  new 
points  for  thought.  '  N.  &  Q.'  is  not  the 
proper  medium  for  the  discussion  of  those 
that  are  of  the  most  importance,  but  a  trifle 


has  struck  me  which  may  be  fitly  mentioned 
in  its  pages.  When  considering  the  covenant 
with  Abraham,  and  the  ceremony  of  the 
divided  sacrifice  by  which  it  was  confirmed 
(a  procedure  still  apparent  in  the  procedure 
of  many  peoples),  Sir  James  remarks  that 
this  was  the  regular  form  observed  on  such 
occasions  in  early  times 

"  is  strongly  suggested  by  the  Hebrew  phrase  for 
making  a  covenant,  which  is  literally  to  *  cut  a 
covenant,'  and  the  inference  is  confirmed  by 
analogies  in  the  Greek  language  and  ritual,  for  tbe- 
Greeks  used  similar  phrases  and  practised  similar 
rites.  Thus  they  spoke  of  cutting  oaths  in  the 
sense  of  swearing  them,  and  of  cutting  a  treaty 
instead  of  making  one.  Such  expressions,  like 
the  corresponding  phrases  in  Hebrew  and  Latin,  - 
are  undoubtedly  derived  from  a  custom  of 
sacrificing  victims  and  cutting  them  in  pieces  asr 
a  mode  of  adding  solemnity  to  an  oath,  or  a- 
treaty."—  Vol.  i.  pp.  302,  303. 

This  leads  me  to  wonder  whether  our  current 
indentures,  parchments  with  an  indented  or 
wavy  margin,  are  survivals  of  the  practice 
of  parting  a  sacrificed  animal's  carcase 
between  those  concerned  in  a  contract  —  the 
parties  as  we  still  call  them.  Originally  the 
notched  edges  of  one  copy  of  an  indenture 
fitted  into  those  of  its  correspondent. 

I  am  a  little  surprised  that,  as  far  as  1 
remember,  Sir  James  Frazer  does  not  claim 
as  a  variant  of  the  ceremonial  of  the  Abra- 
hamic  covenant  the  passing  through  blood  at 
the  time  of  the  Paschal  celebration.  "  They 
shall  take  of  the  blood  and  strike  it  on  the 
two  side  posts  and  on  the  upper  door  post  of 
the  house.  '  '  To  go  through  that  doorway  may 
have  been  intended  as  a  symbol  of  passing; 
through  a  slaughtered  animal,  the  Passover 
Lamb  to  wit.  ST.  SWITHIN. 


BEDFORD  HOUSE,  BLOOMSBTJR.Y  : 
1800.  —  The  sale  of  the  contents  of  this 
house  was  commenced  by  James  Christie 
on  Monday,  May  5,  and  continued  over  the 
five  following  pays.  The  catalogue  is  rare, 
but  the  auctioneer's  copy,  printed  on  a- 
heavier  paper  and  interleaved,  is  preserved 
in  the  National  Art  Library.  The  sale 
appears  to  have  proceeded  much  as  other 
sales.  The  auctioneer  had  commissions 
for  various  buyers,  and  bought  in  many  lots 
for  the  Duke  of  Bedford,  but  the  catalogue 
disproves  completely  the  ridiculous  story 
quoted  by  Peter  Cunningham  (  '  Handbook 
for  London,'  1849,  i.  71):  "A  casual, 
dropper  -in  buying  the  whole  of  the  furniture 
and  pictures  ____  for  the  sum  of  £6,000." 

When  Cunningham's  text  came  to  be 
revised  by  the  late  Mr.  Wheatley  (  '  London 
Past  and  Present  '),  he  wisely  discredited  the* 
story,  but  omitted  to  correct  the  other  data. 


12  s.  v.  JUNE,  i9i9.]  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


149 


of  the  sale.  The  title  of  the  sale  catalogue 
only  claims  this  to  be  "  of  part  of  the  Elegant 
Household  Furniture,"  &c. ;  and  the  only 
building  material  offered,  and  which  as  a 
matter  of  fact  was  bought  in,  consisted  of 
the  fireplace.?,  "  Chimney  Pieces  and  Slabs  ; 
Plate-Glass  Sashes  ;  Seasoned  right  Dutch 
-Oak  Floors  ;  Portland  Stairs  and  Paving." 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

DOORKNOCKER:  "BAT." — I  have  seen 
on  several  doors  here  in  Yorkshire  a  knocker 
fashioned  to  represent  a  bat,  sometimes  with 
outstretched  wings. 

The  whole  point  of  the  design  is  that  a 
bat  is  a  dialectal  word  used  here  in  the 
North  with  the  sense  of  a  knock.  "  Shoo 
gav  him  a  bat  on  his  lug-hoil,"  i.e.,  she 
.boxed  his  ear.  J.  H.  .R. 

Bradford. 

MILLS 'AT  BRANSFORD,  WORCESTERSHIRE' 
— It  may  be  noted  that  the  mills  on  the 
Hiver  Teme  at  Bransford,  erected  about  the 
year  1850,  which  mark  the  site  of  the  ancient 
mills,  have  been  recently  pulled  down  ;  and 
the  water  rights  have  been  acquired  by  the 
Worcester  Corporation,  so  that  these  may 
become  subservient  to  the  flow  of  water 
required  lower  down  at  Powick  for  the 
Corporation  electrical  works.  The  mills 
have  been  derelict  about  twenty  years. 

In  Domesday  it  is  mentioned  that  there 
are  two  mills  in  Lege  (Leigh),  of  which 
parish  Bransford  is  part,  one  evidently 
being  that  succeeded  by  the  mill  near  the 
•church,  and  also  that  "  Urso  the  sheriff  has 
at  Bradnesford,  in  Leigh,  a  mill  worth  twenty 
shillings  :  it  is  worth  four  pounds."  The  last  - 
mentioned  mill  was  the  predecessor  of  the 
'mills  now  in  course  of  disappearance. 

OBSERVER. 

THE  LAND  OF  PUNT. — In  Uganda  the  i 
natives  appear  to  call  the  coast  "  Pwani  " 
('Mackay  of  Uganda,'  1890,  p.  208).  Has 
this  word  Pwani  any  connexion  with  the  i 
Egyptian  name  of  Punt,  supposed  to  be 
the  Phut  of  the  Book  of  Genesis  and  the 
home  of  the  Phoenicians  ?  The  addition  of 
the  Egyptian  terminal  t  at  once  makes  it 
Pwanit,  which  is  identical  with  Puanit,  as 
Prof.  Maspero  read  the  Egyptian  name 
('  The  Dawn  of  Civilization,'  p.  396).  The 
late  A.  H.  Keane  ('  Man,'  1899,  p.  494,  note) 
explains  Punt  as  "  Red  Land."  Whether  it 
means  "  red  land "  or  "  coast,"  it  would 
; appear  rather  to  be  a  topographical  ex- 
pression than  the  distinctive  name  of  a 
particular  country.  Some  light  might  be 
tthrown  on  this  subiect  by  knowing  how 


the  words  "  coast  "  and  "  red  land  "  would 
be  written  in  the  ancient  Sabsean  and 
Ethiopic  languages.  It  is  by  piecing 
together  such  fragments  that  we  are  able 
to  build  up  the  history  of  the  far-distant 
past.  The  Waganda  probably  derived  the 
word  "  Pwani  "  from  the  Arabs  and  their 
followers  ;  and  the  Arabs  are  the  descendants 
of  the  Sabseans  of  old,  the  dwellers  in  South 
Arabia,  the  Arabia  Felix  of  later  Roman 
times,  who  were  not  distant  kinsmen  of  the 
Phoenicians.  FREDERICK  A.  EDWARDS. 
34  Old  Park  Avenue,  Nightingale  Lane,  S.W. 

"FLUMMERY." — I  came  across  this  word 
in  North  Wales,  but  could  not  get  much 
information  about  it  at  the  time,  except  that 
it  was  "something  to  eat."  The  '  N.E.D. ' 
says  it  is  "a  kind  of  food  made  by  coagula- 
tion of  wheat  flour  or  oatmeal."  After 
considerable  search  I  have  gleaned  the 
following  information,  which  is  worth 
recording.  The  Welsh  call  it  llymru,  the 
English  flummery.  It  is  a  vegetable^  mucil- 
age, and  is  made  by  adding  as  much  water  to 
finely  ground  oatmeal  as  it  can  well  absorb, 
to  which  some  sour  butter-milk  is  added  ; 
in  three  or  four  days'  time  more  warm  water 
is  put  in  to  make  it  thin  enough  to  be  strained 
through  a  hair  sieve  ;  it  is  then  boiled,  after 
which  it  is  ready  for  use.  The  slight  fer- 
mentation which  it  undergoes  gives  it  a 
pleasant  acidity,  which  contrasts  well  with 
the  sweelbness  of  the  milk  with  which  it  is 
generally  eaten.  L  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

JENNER  FAMILY. — At  11  S.  vi.  469  I  drew 
attention  to  the  obituary  notice  of  "  the 
widow  of  the  celebrated  Dr.  Jenner "  in 
Gent.  Mag.,  vol.  ciii.  p.  284,  which  stated  that 
she  died  at  the  residence  of  ''  her  son-in-law, 
Mr.  Eccles,  Plymouth." 

Mr.  W.  Soltau  Eccles  wrote  to  me  on. 
Jan.  31,  1914,  that  his 

"  paternal  grandmother  was  a  Miss  Harriett 
Jenner,  and  she  married  Mr.  John  Eccles,  and 
they  at  one  time  lived  in  Princes  Square,  Ply- 
mouth. Miss  Harriett  Jenner  was  a  cousin  of 
Dr.  Edward  Jenner  of  Gloucestershire." 

Mr.  George  H.  Eccles,  of  Sherwell  House* 
Plymouth,  also  wrote  about  the  same  time  ; 
he  expressed  the  opinion  that  the  obituary 
notice  must  be  an  error  :  — 

"  The  Mr.  Eccles  of  Plymouth  was  probably 
my  grandfather,  who  married  a  Miss  Jenner,  who 
survived  him  some  years.  I  never  heard  through 
any  of  my  relatives  of  a  widow  of  Dr.  Jenner 
dying  at  Plymouth,  and  have  always  understood 
my  grandmother  (nee  Jenner)  was  only  distantly 
related  to  Dr.  Jenner.  I  think  I  should  have  been 
told  if  a  widow  of  his,  who  must  have  been  a 
second  wife,  had  died  under  my  grandfather's 
roof.  I  do  not,  however,  know  much  about  the 


150 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  B.  v.  JU*E,  1919. 


Jenner  family.  I  came  across  a  paper  purporting 
to  record  the  names,  &c.,  of  the  children  o 
'  Josiah  .Tenner  and  Hester  his  wife,'  the  eldest 
being  baptized  in  July,  1678,  and  the  youngest  in 
April,  1698,  there  being  nine  children  in  all.  ] 
daresay  you  know  this  already,  but  what  con- 
nexion there  may  be  with  my  late  grandmother 
I  do  not  know.  It  would  interest  me  to  hear  if 
you  have  any  data  as  to  these  or  any  other  of  the 
•Jenner  family." 

On  April  21,  1914,  Mr.  Eccles  very  kindly 
sent  me  a  copy  of  the  list  of  baptisms  of  the 
children  of  Josiah  and  Hester  Jenner,  as 
follows  :  — 

Josiah,  son,  bapt.   July,   1678. 

Stephen,   son,   bapt.   Dec.   30,    1680. 

Hester,  daughter,  bapt.  Jan.  18,  1682. 

Ansell,  son,  bapt.  March  22,  1684.  [Anselme, 
buried  July  25,  1685.] 

Mary,  daughter,  bapt.  July  16,  1686.     [Buried 
July  18,  1686.] 
""Thomas,  son,  bapt.  Dec.  26,  1687. 

Robert,  son,  bapt.  Oct.  12,  1690. 

Elizabeth,  daughter,  bapt.  Aug.  6,  1693. 

Gyles,  son,  bapt.  April  9,  1698.  [Buried 
Dec.  24,  1699.] 

*Did    this    Thomas    become    President    of 
Magdalen  in  1747  ?          R.  J.  FYNMORE. 
Sandgate,  Kent. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


CARLYLE  ON  THE  CONSTELLATIONS. — The 
Introduction  to  Allen's  '  Star-Names  and 
their  Meanings  '  has  this  :  — 

"For  almost  all  can  repeat  Thomas  Carlyle's 
lament :  '  Why  did  not  somebody  teach  me  the 
constellations,  and  make  me  at  home  in  the  starry 
heavens,  which  are  always  overhead,  and  which  I 
don't  half  know  to  this  day  !'" 
Several  other  works  on  Pistronomy  have 
copied  the  lament,  but  much  study  of 
Froude  and  other  biographers  fails  to  throw 
light  upon  this  story.  Under  what  circum- 
stances did  the  Sage  of  Chelsea  utter  these 
words  ?  THOMAS  FLINT.  '  . 

Concord,  New  Hampshire. 

"  ROMER  "  MONTHS. — Clarendon  in  his 
*  History  of  the  Rebellion '  (vol.  iii.  part  ii. 
p.  718)  twice  refers  to  the  above :  "  A 
subsidy  of  four  romer  months  "  ;  and  later, 
"  by  the  romer  months."  The  new  Oxford 
Dictionary  does  not  help,  neither  does  Sir 
Harris  Nicolas  in  his  '  Chronology  '  ;  and  up 
to  now  '  N.  &  Q.'  is  silent  as  to  the  definition 
of  "romer."  Will  some  reader  kindly 
supply  it  ?  R.  B. 

Upton. 


J.  PEREY,  AKTIST. — Could  any  Gf  your  • 
readers  give  me  information  ir»  respect  to  art 
artist  known  as  J.  Percy  ?  I  have  a  wax 
figure  about  7  in.  high,  framed,  and  set  up 
with  realistic  perspective  surroundings,  as  a 
picture.  The  date  appears  to  me  to  be  about 
1780.  GEOEGE  HUBBAKD,  F.R.I.B.A. 

112  Fenchurch  Street,  E.C.3. 

FORGOTTEN    WRITERS.  — In    'Selections 
from  the  British  Poets,'   printed  and  pub- 
lished in  two  volumes  in  1859  by  directiort- 
of  the  Commissioners  of  National  Education, 
Ireland,  I  find  excerpts  from  poets  whose- 
names  I  have  never  heard. 

Perhaps  some  one  may  give  me  the  dates 
of  the  birth  and  death  of  the  following:- 
Frances  Browne.  Mary  Anne  Browne.  James 
Callanan.  Edward  Carrington.  Margaret  M.. 
Davidson.  Elizabeth  Dickenson.  George- 
Washington  Doane.  Mrs.  Duncan,  author 
of  'School-Room  Lyrics'  (London,  1846). 
James  Hall.  Mrs.  Elizabeth  Hawkshaw,. 
author  of  'Poems  for  my  Children.'  John, 
Houseman.  Edward  Johnson.  Jacob  Jones,, 
author  of  '  The  Anglo-Polish  Harp '  (London^. 
1836).  John  Mudie.  Cornelius  Neale.  Caro- 
line F.  Orne.  Mary  Patterson.  T.  Polwhele.: 
WTilliam  Henry  Whitworth. 

Also  of  the  following  Americans :  Jane- 
Oilman.  William  B.  O.  Peabody.  Corne- 
ius  Webbe. 

Also  of  the  Swede  James  Ingelgren  ;  and 
of  the  Germans  Newffer,  William  Newbeck,, 
and  Schmolek. 

Please  reply  direct. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT.  . 

Union  Club,  Trafalgar  Square,  S.W.I. 

DATJDET'S    '  JACK  '  :    ILLUSTRATIONS    BY' 

MYRBACH. — I  have  been  re-reading  this  old 

avourite  in  the  paper-covered  edition  pub- 

ished  by  Ernest  Flammarion  (Paris,  n.d.),. 

'  illustrations     de     Myrbach."     When    did 

these  illustrations  first  appear  ?     I  find  that 

hey  were  used   in  an  English  translation 

by  L.  Ensor  (Routledge,  I860).     No  doubt 

:hey  are  excellent,  but  are  they  correct  in, 

:heir  portraiture  of  the  hero  in  his  child- 

lood  ?     The   author  lays   stress   on  Jack's 

'  grandes    boucles    blondes "    (p.     18 ;    cp.- 

pp.    25,    37,    48).     As   the    story   opens   in* 

1858,    I    took    "  boueles "    to    mean    long; 

ringlets  ;  but  the  artist  draws  the  boy  with* 

a  thick  mass  of  hair,  somewhat  after  the^ 

'ashion  of  Little  Lord  Fauntleroy  (pp.  2,  3r 

30,  81,  and  cover).     Did  any  little  boys  in.. 

France  wear  their  hair  in  this  fashion  in. 

L858  ?     As   I   was   not   born   until   a   later 

date,    I    write    subject    to    correction ;    but 

[  believe  that  in  England  all  boys  with  long. 


12  8.  V.  JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


151 


hair  wore  it  in  ringlets.  Certainly  1  never 
saw  the  Fauntleroy  style  until  after  the 
publication  of  Mrs.  Hodgson  Burnett's 
famous  book  (1886). 

This  leads  to  another  question :  when 
were  Jack's  curls  cut  off  ?  It  is  curious 
that  a  man  possessing  such  knowledge  of, 
and  sympathy  with,  boys  as  Daudet, 
should  not  mention  what  his  hero  would 
have  thought  one  of  the  greatest  events  in 
his  life.  The  artist  evidently  supposed 
that  Jack  was  cropped  shortly  after  going 
to  the  Gymnase  Moronval  (cp.  illustration 
on  p.  85).  But  on  p.  119  Jack  is  described 
as  "  ce  bambin  boucle."  In  the  English 
version  referred  to  above  this  is  rendered 
by  "  this  curly-headed  boy  "  ;  but  to  make 
Jack's  hair  curly  contradicts  both  the 
author — for  on  p.  80  Jack  tells  Madou 
that  "on  me  frisait  tous  les  jours" — and 
the  artist,  who  always  draws  the  boy's  hair 
as  straight  after  it  has  been  cut  short. 
The  only  later  allusion,  I  think,  is  in  the 
description  of  the  hero  on  his  arrival  at 
Indret :  "  Les  treize  ans  de  Jack  gardaient 
en  effet  une  tournure  un  peu  feminine. 
Ses  cheveux  blonds,  quoique  coupes,  avaient 
de  jolis  plis,  ce  tour  caressant  donne  par 
les  doigts  de  la  mere  "  (p.  302).  Do  the 
vague  words  "  quoique  coupes "  imply 
that  his  curls  had  just  been  cut  off  for  the 
journey,  or  merely  that  they  had  been 
cropped  at  some  indefinite  time  in  the  past  ? 
Is  there  any  record  of  what  Daudet  in- 
tended ? 

To  pass  from  Jack's  hair  to  his  dress, 
the  drawing  on  p.  241  contradicts  the  text 
on  the  same  page,  where  we  read  that 
Charlotte  was  "  suivie  de  Jack,  auquel  elle 
avait  remis  le  costume  favori  de  Lord 
Peambock,  rallonge  pour  la  circonstance, 
mais  encore  trop  court."  This  "  costume 
anglais "  (p.  243)  is  clearly  the  kilt  of 
chapter  i.  ;  but  the  artist  portrays  Jack  in 
trousers. 

I  believe  that  many  of  Daudet' s  characters 
were  drawn  from  life.  Had  little  Jack  a, 
prototype  ?  G.  H.  WHITE. 

23  Weighton  Road,  Anerley,  S.E. 

PITT  AND  DUNDAS  AT  NEW  CROSS. — In 
his  little  book  '  The  Dover  Road,'  1907, 
Mr.  C.  G.  Harper  says  :  — 

"  It  was  at  the  Golden  Cross,  New  Cross,  that 
Pitt  and  Dundas,  overtaken  on  the  road  from 
Dover  to  London  by  bad  weather,  put  up  for  the 
night,  and  drank  seven  bottles  of  port  apiece 
before  they  went  to  bed." 

What  is  the  authority  (if  any)  for  this 
remarkable  statement  ? 

PHILIP  NORMAN. 


'  TRILBY  '  :  '  LIFE  or  HENRY  MAITLAND  '  : 
KEYS  WANTED. — In  the  past  '  N.  &  Q.'  has 
printed  keys  to  many  well-known  works. 
Is  it  too  soon  to  ask  for  1he  real  names  of 
the  characters  in  Du  Maurier's  novel  ? 
"  Little  Billee,"  I  have  read  or  heard,  was 
founded  on  Frederick  Walker.  Did  not 
Whistler  insist  on  one  of  the  illustrations 
being  altered,  as  he  was  represented  in  too 
lifelike  a  guise  ?», 

Another  work  to  which  one  would  like  to 
have  a  key  is  Mr.  Morley  Roberts' s  '  Life  of 
Henry  Maitland,'  which  is  reputed  to 
represent  the  life  of  the  late  George  Gissing. 
DE  V.  PAYEN-PAYNE. 

DR.  GEORGE  ROBERTSON  BAILLIE. — I  seek 
genealogical    details    of    the    ancestry    and 
descendants  of  George  Robertson  Baillie,  a 
son  of  John  Baillie,  a  merchant  in  Edinburgh. 
Dr.  Baillie  was  born  about  1765,  in  or  near 
Edinburgh.     He   practised   as   a   doctor   in. 
St.  Vincent,  and  subsequently  (after  1793)  at 
Coventry.     He  had  an  uncle  Thomas  Baillie 
who  became  a  colonel,  and  died  in  India 
Any  information  will  be  appreciated. 

JAMES  SETON-ANDERSON. 

18  Culverden  Down,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

"  GET  THE  NEEDLE." — In  the  course  of  a 
theatrical  lawsuit  in  the  King's  Bench 
Division  in  February  last,  before  Mr.  Justice 
McCardie,  one  of  the  defendants,  a  "coloured" 
music-hall  comedian,  in  giving  evidence, 
said  :  "I  got  the  needle  and  came  out."  It 
.would  be  interesting  to  know  if  this  slang 
term  for  taking  offence  has  been  traced  to  its 
origin.  J-  R-  •"•• 

JOHN  SHAKESPEAR  OF  RATCLIFF  HIGHWAY. 
—I  am  anxious  to  find  the  ancestors  of  John 
Shakespear  of  Ratclift  Highway,  ropemaker, 
born  about  1612-19.  Mr.  G.  R.  French  in 
'  Shakspeareana  Genealogica,'  p.  554,  sug- 
gests that  John  Shakespear  of  Ratcliff 
Highway  may  have  been  the  John,  son  of 
Thomas  Shakespeare,  gent.,  whose  baptism 
is  recorded  in  the  registers  of  St.  Gregory 
by  St.  Paul's,  July  18,  1619.  Mr.  French 
says  this  Thomas  is  apparently  the  £ame  as 
Thomas  Shakspere  of  Staple  Inn,  1604-7, 
who  is  entered  as  "  de  Lutterworth  in  Com. 
Leic.,  gent.,"  and  who,  Mr.  French  considers, 
was  the  Thomas  Shakspeare  of  Lutterworth 
who  in  1597  acted  as  agent  for  William 
Glover  (see  '  N.  &  Q.,'  1  S.  vii.,  April  5,  1853 
and  who,  Mr.  French  thinks,  may  have  been 
a  son  of  Thomas  Shakespeare  of  Snitterfield. 

Mrs.  Charlotte  Stopes  in  '  Shakespeare  s 
Family,'  p.  158,  suggests  a  possible  descent 
for  John  the  ropemaker  from  Henry  Shake- 


152 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JCNE,  1919. 


speare  of  Snitterfield.  On  p.  144  of  the  same 
book  it  is  mentioned  that  the  baptism  of 
Thomas,  son  of  Mathew  Shakespere,  is 
recorded  in  the  registers  of  Christ  Church, 
Newgate  Street,  on  April  7,  1583.  This 
Thomas  may  be  the  Thomas  gent.,  whose 
son  John  was  baptized  in  St.  Gregory  by 
St.  Paul's.  I  have  been  unable  to  find  any 
other  likely  father  for  John  the  ropemaker. 
Any  information  or  any  hints  as  to  lines  of 
inquiry  likely  to  produce  satisfactory  results 
will  be  welcome. 

JOHN  SHAKESPEAR. 
c/o  Grindlay  &  Co., 

54  Parliament  Street,  S.W.I. 

SUBMARINE  BOAT  AT  PARIS. — I  shall  be 
glad  to  know  the  name  and  date  of  the 
French  illustrated  newspaper — about  1848- 
1850 — in  which  was  an  engraving  of  a  sub- 
marine boat  destroyed  when  on  crial  on  the 
Seine  at  Paris.  Some  very  interesting 
information  is  given.  The  copy  which 
I  had  of  this  paper — bought  in  1915 — was 
destroyed  in  error  before  I  had  translated 
the  information.  HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

STANHOPE. — I  should  be  glad  of  any 
information  concerning  the  following  Stan- 
hope? who  were  educated  at  Westminster 
School  :  — 

1.  Charles,  admitted  in  1736,  aged  10. 

2.  Edwin,  admitted  in    1742,  aged   13. 

3.  Henry    (described    a>    son    of    Henry 
Stanhope   of   Derby),   who   graduated   B.A. 
at  Cambridge  from  Trin.  Coll.  in  1710. 

4.  Langdale  (described  as  son  of  George 
Stanhope  of  Pontefract),  who  matriculated 
at  Oxford  from  Ch.  Ch.  in  1710,  and  became 
D.C.L.  in  1728.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

STOYTE  FAMILY. — Mrs.  Ann  Stoyte  died 
in  1766.  She  had  a  nephew,  Capt.  Robert 
Finlay  of  Dublin,  who  died  in  1766.  I  should 
appreciate  further  particulars  about  them, 
and  also  about  the  relationship  with  John 
Stoyte,  of  Stoyte  House,  Kildare,  in  1780. 

E.  C.  FJNLAY. 

1634  Hyde  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

EXETER  CATHEDRAL  EPITAPH. — In  the 
north-ea^t  angle  of  the  north  transept  of  this 
cathedral  is  the  chantry  of  William  Sylke, 
LL.D.,  precentor  of  the  cathedral  and 
Prebendary  of  Crediton,  with  the  hexa- 
meter :  — 

Sum  quod  eris,  et  eram  quod  sis,  pro  me,  precor, 
ora. 

This  is  a  common  pre-Reformation  epitaph. 
What  is  the  earliest  extant  ?  Sylke  is  said 
to  have  died  in  1485. 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 


BANNISTER  OF  ANTIGUA. — The  will  of 
John  Bannister,  sometime  of  Antigua,  was 
dated  July  6,  1773,  and  proved  March  18, 
1774.  He  married  Elizabeth,  dau.  of 
(?  Far  ley),  who  died  at  Harley  Street, 
May  5,  1789,  and  was  buried  at  Campton, 
co.  Bed.  She  left  three  co-heirs  :  (a)  Eliza- 
beth, who  m.  April  7,  1771,  Sir  George 
Osborn,  4th  Bart.  ;  (b)  Henrietta  Maria,  who 
m.  Jan.  17,  1771,  Hon.  and  Rev.  Brownlow 
North,  afterwards  Bishop  of  Winchester ; 
(c)  Anne,  m.  Rev.  Edmund  Poulter  (of 
Portman  Square  in  1787,  afterwards  Rector 
of  Calborne  and  Crawley,  Hants). 

In  her  will,  dated  Aug.  12,  1788,  proved 
May  27,  1789,  Elizabeth  Bannister  left  her 
dau.  Anne  a  seal  bearing  her  own  and  her 
husband's  arms.  Information  required  as 
to  these  arms,  and  also  the  parentage  of 
John  and  Elizabeth.  (Above  details  taken 
from  Oliver's  '  History  of  Antigua.') 

B.  R.  MITFORD,  Major-General. 

17  Cadogan  Square,  S.W.I. 

ALDERSON,  GLASS  MAKERS. — Wanted  de- 
tails of  Aldereons,  glass  makers  of  Warring- 
ton,  co.  Lanes,  about  1840.  This  firm 
made  by  accident  a  lovely  shade  of  blue- 
green  glass,  and  presented  all  relatives  with 
specimens.  One  was  a  beautiful  pair  of 
scent -bottles  with  cut  stars,  another  was  a 
set  of  finger-bowls.  Each  gift  appears  to 
have  been  different. 

(Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 

CAREW  TOURNAMENT. — The  tournament 
organized  by  Sir  Rhys  ab  Thomas  at  Carew, 
Pembrokeshire,  excited  general  interest. 
Among  the  paladins  there  were  Richard 
Griffiths  and  John  Morgan,  reported  to  be 
distinguished  soldiers.  Can  any  additional 
light  be  thrown  on  the  latter  names  ? 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

RICHARD  HOOKEI  BUST. — According  to 
Bloxam's  '  Companion  t~  Principles  of 
Gothic  Ecclesiastical  Architecture'  ^1882, 
p.  276),  there  is  a  bust  of  Richard  Hooker  in 
Sittingbourne  Church.  Is  this  correct,  or 
should  it  be  "  Bishopsbourne  "  ? 

J.  AJRDAGH. 

ST.  AKELDA. — What  is  known  of  this 
saint  ?  All  I  can  get  to  know  so  far  is  that 
she  was  the  supposed  daughter  of  a  Saxon 
owner  of  Wensleydale  in  Yorkshire  ;  that 
she  became  a  Christian  ;  and  that  she  was 
strangled  by  the  Danes  on  account  of  her 
religion.  Catholic  martyrologies  are  silent 
regarding  her.  J.  W.  F. 


12  S.  V.  JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


153 


SIR  CHARLES  WILLIAM  TAYLOR,  BT. — 
According  to  Burke' s  '  Peerage  and  Baronet- 
age,' 1829,  he  was  M.P.,  and  was  created  a 
baronet  Jan.  21,  1828.  Can  any  one  tell 
me  what  was  his  constituency,  and  on  what 
occasion  or  for  what  services  he  received  his 
baronetcy  ?  C.  A.  C. 

RIDDLE  BY  GEORGE  SELWYN. — That  pro- 
lific letter-writer  Horace  Walpole,  in  an 
epistle  to  the  Rev.  Wm.  Mason,  dated 
July  29,  1773,  says  :  — 

"  I  will  enliven  the  conclusion  of  a  heavy  letter 
with  a  riddle  by  George  Selwyn,  the  only  verses 
I  believe  he  ever  made,  and  marked  with  all  his 
wit : — 

The  first  thing  is  that  thing  without  which  we  hold 
No  very  good  bargain  can  ever  be  sold. 
The  next  is  a  soft  white  prim  delicate  thing 
Which  a  parson  has  got  'twixt  his  knees  and  his 

chin. 

Then  what  at  the  playhouse  we  all  strive  to  get, 
Or  else  are  content  to  go  in  the  pit. 
Then  all  this  together  will  make  an  odd  mess 
Of  something  in  something — and  that  you  must 

guess. 

So  you  will ;  therefore  I  need  not  tell  you  the 
subject,  nay,  nor  who  writes  this  letter." 

Presumably  Mr.  Mason  sent  a  solution  of 
some  sort  to  this  conundrum,  for  on  the 
17th  of  the  following  September,  Walpole 
writes  to  him  :  — 

"  I  have  so  totally  forgotten  what  the  riddle  was 
I  sent  you  that  I  do  not  know  whether  your  solu- 
tion with  all  its  humour  is  right;  you  may  judge 
with  what  rubbish  my  mind  is  hlled.  I  have 
learned  so  many  new  things  of  late  that  I  have  lost 
my  memory." 

Does  any  one  know  what  is  the  correct 
solution  of  this  riddle,  or  whether  Mr. 
Mason  discovered  it  ? 

WlLLOUGHBY   MAYCOCK. 

SHAKESPEARE  AND  THE  GARDEN. — I  should 
like  to  know  if  there  has  been  compiled 
and  published  a  Shakespeare  anthology  of 
the  garden.  JAS.  A.  PATON. 

Dalrymple,  Ayrshire. 

OLD  CLOCKMAKERS. — Any  information 
about  the  following,  who  are  not  in  the  late 
Mr.  F.  J.  Britten's  list,  would  be  welcome  :  — 

Danl.  Keele,  Sarum. 

Thackwell,  Bristol. 

Wm.  Ide,  Tunbridge  Wells. 

Is  anything  known  of  Michell  of  Launces- 
ton,  a  clockmaker  of  the  eighteenth  centurjt, 
and  of  John  Mureh  of  Honiton,  who  in  1817 
made  the  clock  which  is  now  inside  Sidburv 
Church  ? 

H.  C.'s  query  as  to  John  Farnham  (12  S. 
i.  172)  is  not  in  the  index  to  that  volume. 
JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 


JACK  STRAW  AND  WAT  TYLER.  — In  '  Links 
with  the  Past,'  by  Mrs.  Charles  Bagot,  1901, 
p.  219,  is  the  following  :  — 

"  Sept.  4,  1823.  North  Court  [in  the  Isle  of 
Wight].  I  copied  the  following  inscription  froin 
a  curious  old  painting  over  the  chimney-piece  in 
the  dining-room  at  North  Court :  '  This  .  is.  the 
Pictor  .  of  .  Sqr  :  Willyam  .  Walworth  .  Knight  . 
that .  Kyled  .  Jake  .  Stran  .  in  .  Kynge  .  Richard's  . 
sight.'  " 

This  is  an  extract  from  forty  volumes  of 
unpublished  journals  written  by  Miss  Mary 
Bagot.  Some  histories  have  it  that  Jack 
Straw  and  others  were  hanged  in  chains  in 
1381,  the  time  Wat  Tyler  was  killed  in 
Smithfield  by  the  Lord  Mayor  of  London  ; 
but  I  have  never  before  read  that  he  (and 
not  Tyler)  was  Sir  William  Walworth' s 
victim.  Is  there  any  known  tradition  to 
the  latter  effect  ?  W.  B.  H. 

BARR  FAMILY  :  THEIR  ARMS. — Wanted 
instances  of  the  use  of  the  following  arms 
by  any  Barr  family,  especially  in  Ireland, 
at  or  before  1800  :  Azure,  an  eagle  displayed 
gules.  Crest,  a  lion's  head  erased  gules, 
collared  or.  Motto,  "  Fortitudine." 

H.  R.  P.  BAKER. 

77  Accrington  Road,  Blackburn. 

MASTER  GUNNER. — In  the  REV.  A.  G. 
KEALY'S  interesting  quotation  about  burial 
at  sea  (ante,  p.  106)  it  is  stated  that  a  salute 
was  fired  for  a  captain,  master  gunner,  or 
other  proper  officer.  What  was  the  exact 
status  of  a  master  gunner  ?  Some  years  ago 
I  tried  to  trace  a  man  calling  himself  "  Master 
Gunner  at  Gillingham  Fort  "  in  1804,  but 
could  not  discover  whether  he  belonged  to 
the  army  or  navy.  He  was  married  at 
Lubeek  in  1762.  L.  E.  MORIARTY. 

35  Manor  Park,  Lee,  S.E. 

[The  quotations  in  the  '  New  English  Dictionary  | 
under  "  Gunner "  show  that  •'  Master  Gunner " 
(1,  c),  marked  as  obsolete,  was  used  both  in  the 
army  and  the  navy.  The  quotations  range  from 
1548  to  1688.] 

SOMERSET  INCUMBENTS. — Thanks  to  some 
kindly  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  (see  12  S.  iv.  273), 
the  Clerical  Index  Society  has  come  into 
possession  of  a  copy  of  the  rare  issue  of  the 
Rev.  F.  W.  Weaver's  '  Somerset  Incum- 
bents,' 1889.  Unfortunately,  this  work 
only  brings  the  succession  of  the  clergy 
down  to  about  1730.  I  have  ascertained 
that  more  than  one  copy  has  been  brought 
down  to  date  in  MS.  entries.  Has  any 
reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  such  a  copy  ?  or  does  any 
reader  know  where  there  is  a  copy  ?  We  want 
lists  of  the  later  clergy,  1730-1600,  or  so,  for 
index  purposes,  and  should  be  grateful  for 


154 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


r.ny  assistance.  To  the  lists  of  counties 
indexed  must  be  added  Middlesex,  Warwick- 
shire, and  Worcestershire  ;  and  we  are  now 
getting  on  with  Somersetshire.  Can  any 
reader  inform  us  where  we  may  find  lists  for 
other  counties,  so  that  our  index  work  may 
continue  ?  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

NEW  CHESTERFIELD  LETTERS. — Could 
some  one  tell  me  in  what  paper  these  letters 
appeared  and  the  date  of  publication  ? 
They  do  not  appear  to  have  been  published 
in  book-form. 

H.  A.  ST.  J.  MILDMAY,  Col. 

31  Gloucester  Street,  Warwick  Square,  S.W.I. 

KELLOND  SURNAME. — I  shall  be  glad  if 
some  one  can  tell  me  the  origin  and  meaning 
of  the  surname  Kellond.  I  understand  it 
springs  from  somewhere  in  Devonshire. 

WALTER  M.  KELLOND. 

la  Ashlar  Road,  Waterloo,  near  Liverpool. 

LABOUR  AND  CAPITAL. — "  Labour  is  the 
father,  and  Land  is  the  mother,  of  Capital." 
Can  any  of  your  readers  oblige  with  a 
reference  to  the  source  of  this  definition  ? 

J.  D.  W. 

WAYTE  FAMILY. — A  monument  in  Ren- 
hold  Church  commemorates  Edmund  Wayte, 
who  died  in  1518.  I  shall  be  glad  of  any 
information  relating  to  this  family. 

W.  GLASSBY. 

Renhold,  near  Bedford. 

HERALDIC  :  SABLE,  A  LION  RAMPANT,— 
Can  any  reader  say  what  family  blazoned 
their  arms,  Sable,  a  lion  rampant  betwixt 
six  fusils  in  pale  ?  An  answer  direct  would 
be  appreciated.  A.  E.  OUGHTRED. 

Lawns  Cottage,  Hartlepool. 

MERCURY  DRAWN  BY  COCKS.  • — I  have 
before  me  two  prints,  evidently  a  pair.  One 
is  named  '  Venere,'  and  the  other  '  Mercurio.' 
In  the  latter  the  god  is  represented  seated  in 
a  car  drawn  by  two  cocks.  The  car  is 
passing  over  a  cloud,  and  in  it  are  three 
beings,  one  of  them  in  an  attitude  indicating 
fear.  My  conjecture  is  that  they  are  souls 
being  conveyed  to  the  underworld.  Under 
the  print  to  the  left  is  inscribed  "  Raffaelo 
Sanzio  Urbino  "  ;  in  the  middle,  "  Stefano 
Tofanelli  delin  "  ;  and  on  the  right,  "  Pietro 
Bonato  Veneto  incise." 

Would  any  reader  of  *  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  tell 
me  why  two  cocks  should  be  drawing 
Mercury's  chariot  ?  Doves  drew  Venus,  and 
tigers  Bacchus,  but  both  these  cases  can  be 
explained  easily.  Is  the  print  copied  from 
some  work  of  Raphael  ?  I  have  looked 


through  a  long  list  of  his  genuine  works  and 
of  the  works  falsely  assigned  to  him,  and 
I  cannot  find  anything  that  throws  any 
light  on  the  subject.  I  suppose  that  the 
print  might  represent  a  figure  taken  from  a 
larger  work.  Any  information  as  to  the 
probable  date  of  the  print  would  be  of 
interest.  T.  PERCY  ARMSTRONG. 

JAMES  COCKLE,  OF  COCKLE'S  PILLS. — Has 
any  account  of  the  still  well-known  surgeon- 
apothecary  of  this  name  been  published  ? 
When  were  his  antibilious  pills  first  patented? 
Was  he  the  father  of  Sir  James  Cockle, 
F.R.S.,  sometime  Chief  Justice  of  Queens- 
land, who  died  in  1895  ?  Both  the  '  D.N.B.' 
and  the  '  Encyclopaedia  Britannica  '  say  that 
Sir  James  was  the  second  son  of  an  Essex 
surgeon  named  James  Cockle,  but  neither 
authority  mentions  the  pills,  nor  4  Great 
Ormond  Street,  W.C.,  where  the  firm  James 
Cockle  &  Co.,  patent-medicine  vendors,  still 
carry  on  business.  HARMATOPEGOS. 

TILLY  KETTLE.— Who  was  Tilly  Kettle, 
and  where  was  he  born  ?  There  is  a  por- 
trait by  this  artist  of  Rear-Admiral  Richard 
Kempenfelt  (1720-1782)  in  the  Painted 
Hall  at  Greenwich  Hospital.  Are  any  of 
his  other  works  in  public  galleries  ? 

J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

Glendora,  Hindhead,  Surrey. 

"  ARGYLES  "  OR  GRAVY-POTS. — What  was 
the  origin  of  tjie  word  "  Argyle  "as  applied 
to  gravy-pots,  and  what  is  the  date  of  the 
earliest  known  specimen  ?  They  had  an 
outer  jacket  which  held  hot  water  so  that 
the  gravy  was  kept  hot  while  on  the  table, 
a  very  necessary  luxury  in  the  days  of 
large  dinners,  when  all  the  carving  was 
done  at  the  table.  Any  information  will 
be  gratefully  received. 

LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

Essex  Lodge,  Ewell. 

[The  only  quotation  in  the  'New  English  Dic- 
tionary' is  dated  1822,  from  Kitchiner's  'Cook's 
Oracle':  "We  have  in  the  English  kitchen  our 
'argyll'  for  gravy."] 

THE  HOUGHTON  MEETING. — As  all  turfites 
are  aware,  this  is  the  style  and  title  of  the 
last  of  the  three  Newmarket  autumn  meet- 
ings. I  am  anxious  to  ascertain  why  it 
was  so  named,  but  so  far  my  researches 
have  been  in  vain.  It  was  established  and 
so  styled  in  1770.  It  is  possible  that  it 
may  have  some  connexion  with  the  third 
Lord  Orford,  a  wild  gambler  of  that  period 
who  resided  at  Houghton  Hall,  Norfolk, 
but  this  is  only  conjecture.  If  any  reader 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  can  furnish  some  precise  'in- 


12 s. V.JUNE,  1919.3  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


155 


formation  on  the  subject  I  shall  be  very 
rgrateful.  Horace  Walpole,  who  succeeded 
his  eccentric  nephew  as  the  fourth  Earl,  has 
several  allusions  in  his  letters  to  the  racing 
.at  Newmarket,  but  does  not  apparently 
touch  on  this  specific  point. 

WlLLOUGHBY    MAYCOCK. 


QUEEN  ANNE: 
THE  SOVEREIGN'S  VETO : 
THE  ROYAL  ASSENT. 

(12  S.  v.  95.) 

THERE  are  many  references  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  to 
what  is  popularly  termed  the  "royal  veto." 
Probably  the  following  list  is  not  exhaus- 
tive : — 

1  S.  vi.  556  ;    vii.  50. 

3  S.  ix.  374,  519  ;  x.  55,  97,  137,  156,  191, 
"256. 

5  S.  ii.  426,  476;    iii.  117. 

8  S.  iii.  369,  394,  456  ;    iv.  418,  494. 

US.  xi.  451. 

The  reply  at  the  second  reference  (Jan.  8, 
1853)  says  that  the  last  exercise  of  the  pre- 
Togative  of  rejecting  a  Bill,  after  passing 
both  Houses  of  Parliament,  was  in  1692, 
when  William  III.  refused  his  assent  to  the 
Bill  for  Triennial  Parliaments.  Perhaps  this 
"was  taken  from  a  foot-note  in  '  Bishop 
Burnet's  History  of  his  own  Time,'  new 
edition,  1847,  p.  587,  which  asserts  that  this 
rejection  "  is  the  last  time  the  prerogative 
of  the  crown  has  been  so  employed."  Con- 
cerning this  refusal  of  assent  Burnet  (ut 
supra]  says  :  — 

*|  He  [the  King]  refused  to  pass  it  [the  Bill  for 
Triennial  Parliaments] ;  so  this  session  ended  in  ill 
humour.  The  rejecting  of  a  bill,  though  an  un- 
questionable right  of  the  crown,  has  been  so  seldom 
practised,  that  the  two  houses  are  apt  to  think  it 
a  hardship  when  there  is  a  bill  denied." 

The  fact  that  this  was  not  the  last  royal 
rejection  of  a  Bill  is  given  by  Sir  Thomas 
Erskine  May  in  his  '  Parliamentary  Practice,' 
e.g.  12th  edit.,  1917,  p.  395,  where  he  says 
that  the  last  instance  was  when  Queen  Anne 
refused  her  assent  to  the  Militia  of  Scotland 
Bill  in  1707.  Other  writers  (e.g.  the  Editor 
3f  '  N.  &  Q.,'  3  S.  ix.  374  ;  and  a  correspon- 
ient,  3  S.  x.  256)  give  a  more  particular  date, 
viz.  March  11,  1707. 

These  statements  are  not  as  precise  as 
they  ought  to  be.  I  have  referred  to  the 
'  Journals  of  the  House  of  Lords,'  vol.  xviii., 


where  I  find,  p.  506,  that  the  actual  date, 
though  given  as  March  11,  1707,  was  in  fact 
March  11,  1707/8.  Therefore,  according  to 
the  historical  reckoning,  the  date  was 
March  11,  1708. 

Similarly  the  historical  date  of  the  rejection 
of  the  Triennial  Bill  was  March  14,  1693— 
otherwise  1692/3  (the  Journals  give,  of 
course,  only  the  legal  years).  Regarding 
this  rejection  it  should  be  noted  that  the 
Triennial  Bill  was  not  the  only  one  rejected 
on  that  day.  The  entry  in  the  '  Journals  of 
the  House  of  Lords,'  vol.  xv.  p.  289,  is  as 
follows  (the  King  being  on  his  throne  in  the 
House  of  Lords)  :  — 

" '  An  Act  for  the  frequent  Calling  and  Meeting 
of  Parliaments '  [i.e.  the  Triennial  Bill]. 

'"An  Act  for  removing  Doubts  and  preventing 
Disputes  Touching  Royal  Mines  ;  and  that  Their 
Majesties  may  have  the  Pre-emption.'  " 

To  these  Bills  the  answer  was,  . 

" '  Le  Roy  et  la  Reyne  se  aviseront.'  " 
Concerning     Queen     Anne's     refusal     of 
assent,     March      11,     1707/8,     the     entry, 
vol.  xviii.  p.  £06,  is  (the  Queen  being  on  her 
throne) :  — 

"'An  Act  for  settling  the  Militia  of  that  Part 
of  Great  Britain  called  Scotland.'*' 

"La  Raine  se  avisera.'5 

On  Dec.  22,  1694,  the  Bill  for  Triennial 
Parliaments  received  the  Royal  Assent  (the 
King  being  on  his  throne).  The  entry  is  :  — 

"  '  An  Act  for  the  frequent  Meeting  and  Calling 
of  Parliaments.' 
*'  Le  Roy  et  la  Reyne Tveulent.'* 

On  the  same  day  a  Bill  of  Supply  (pro- 
viding money)  received  the  Royal  Assent  as 
follows  :  — 

"  Le  Roy  et  la  Reyne,  remerciant  les  bon  Sub- 
jects, acceptant    leur  Benevolence,  -et  aiusi  1'veu- 
lent." — *  Journals,'  xv.  451. 
The  same  form  appears  ibid.,  pp.  203,  288. 

But  in  Queen  Anne's  time  this  assent 
was  :  — 

"La  Raine  remercie  ses  bon  Subjects,  accepte 
leur  Benevolence,  et  ainsi  le  veult." — 'Journals,' 
xviii.  506. 

Sometimes  in  her  reign  (e.g.  '^Journals,' 
xviii.  162)  "  bons  Subjects  "  appears  instead 
of  "  bon  Subjects." 

The  Royal  Assent  to  a  private  Bill  was  :  — 

:'  Soit  fait  come  il  est  desire." 
See  '  Journals,'  e.g.  xv.  290  ;  xviii.  506. 

It  may,  I  think,  be  assumed  that  the 
spellings  were  correct,  according  to  their 
oeriods,  seeing  that  in  vol.  xv.  pp.  203, 
289,  there  is  a  foot-note  as  to  "la"  in 
la  Reyne,"  which  reads  "  Origin,  le." 
This,  no  doubt,  means  that  originally  the 


156 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


Clerk  of  the  Parliaments,  or  some  one  for 
him,  had  written  "  le  Reyne,"  and  that  the 
error  had  been  corrected  on  examination 
before  printing. 

The  forms  of  Royal  Assent  to-day  are  the 
same  as  those  of  the  time  of  Queen  Anne, 
allowing  for  differences  in  spelling  and  pro- 
bably in  pronunciation,  and  "Roy"  for 
"Reyne."  The  Assent  most  frequently 
heard  is  that  given  to  public  Bills,  "  Le 
Roy  le  veult."  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

'  The  Laws  of  England  '  has  the  follow- 
ing note  (vol.  xxi.  p.  275,  s.v.  Parliament) 
on  this  point :  — 

"  The  royal  assent  has  not  been  withheld  since 
1707,  when  Queen  Anne  refused  her  assent  to  a 
Bill  for  settling  the  militia  in  that  part  of  Great 
Britain  called  Scotland ;  see  Journals  of  the 
House  of  Lords,  1707-8,  vol.  xviii.  p.  606." 

LEONARD  J.  HODSON. 

Robertsbridge,  Sussex. 

The  Bill  to  which  Queen  Anne  refused 
her  assent  was,  according  to  May  ('The 
Law  and  Usage  of  Parliament '),  one  for 
settling  the  militia  in  Scotland,  1707.  He 
further  says  :  — 

"  The  necessity  of  refusing  the  royal  assent  is 
removed  by  the  strict  observance  of  the  con- 
stitutional principle,  that  the  Crown  has  no  will 
but  that  of  its  ministers,  who  only  continue  to 
serve  in  that  capacity  so  long  as  they  retain  the 
confidence  of  Parliament." 

JOHN  PATCHING. 

Lewes. 

[W.  A.  B.  C.  and  MB.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 


LILLIPUT  AND  GULLIVER. 

(12  S.  iv.  73,  140,  199.) 

WHEN  I  propounded  my  query  as  to  the 
origin  of  the  former  name  as  that  of  a 
portion  of  Parkstone  in  Dorsetshire,  I  had 
not  noticed  that  I  had  been  forestalled  in 
every  particular  by  your  correspondent 
A.  R.  at  11  S.  xii.  120.  This  is  the  less 
excusable  on  my  part  as  another  query 
from  myself  appears  on  the  same  page 
as  his  respecting  Lilliput.  Since  I  wrote 
I  have  made  some  inquiries  on  the  subject, 
and  I  am  not  now  prepared  to  maintain  the 
opinion  that  Swift  owed  the  name  Lilliput 
to  the  place  in  Parkstone.  I  have  an  open 
mind  on  the  question. 

The  following  are  results  of  my  inquiries. 
I  have  traced  the  name  here  back  to  1805, 
which  seems  to  be  the  oldest  date  on  which 
it  appears  in  any  document.  In  that  year, 
as  I  am  informed  by  Mr.  Herbert  Kendall, 
M.S. A.,  architect  and  surveyor  of  Poole, 


"  a  Perambulation  was  made  from  CanforcF 
to  Sandbanks,  and  one  piece  of  land  is 
mentioned  as  being  '  near  Lilliput.'  '  An. 
old  resident  of  Lilliput  village  told  me 
that  when  he  was  a  boy,  "  about  55 
years  ago,"  there  were  in  existence,  on 
the  site  now  occupied  by  the  garden  of 
a  modern  house  called  Minterne  Grange 
at  Lilliput,  the  ruins  of  a  building  called 
"  Lilliput  Castle,"  and  that  he  used  to 
play  in  its  cellars.  He  further  told  me 
that  five  or  six  years  ago  it  was  proposed  to 
change  the  name  of  the  post  office  from 
Lilliput  to  Salterns,  which  is  the  name  of 
another  portion  of  the  parish  ;  but  there 
was  opposition  and  a  controversy  over  it, 
and  the  proposal  was  abandoned.  The  late 
vicar,  Canon  Dugmore,  did  not  fancy  the 
name  Lilliput  (so  it  was  said),  and  there- 
fore the  chapel-of -ease  which  was  built  here 
in  1874  is  known  ecclesiastically  as  the 
"  Chapel  of  the  Holy  Angels,  Salterns," 
Salterns,  half  a  mile  or  more  distant,  being 
the  place  of  residence  of  the  donor  of  the 
site,  whereas  the  chapel  itself  is  in  the 
middle  of  the  village  of  Lilliput.  However 
this  may  be,  I  think  the  village  and  post 
office  are  to  be  congratulated  on  retaining 
the  name  Lilliput. 

The  same  old  resident  told  me  that  he  had 
pome  recollection  that  Lilliput  House  or 
Castle  had  at  one  time  belonged  to  a  family 
named  De  Lisle,  of  which  nothing  is  now 
known  locally. 

I  referred  in  my  query  to  a  smuggler 
named  Gulliver.  Here  are  some  particulars 
about  him.  He  was 

"  the  most  famous  of  all  the  chiefs  of  smugglers 
upon  the  East,  Dorset, and  West  Hampshire  coasts. 

His  smuggling  operations  were  carried  out  on 

such  an  extensive  scale  that  he  not  only  had  a 
small  fleet  of  vessels,  but  also  teams  of  pack-horses 
and  a  number  of  men  in  his  employment,  who 
were  stated  at  that  time  to  be  scarcely  less  than^ 
fifty  in  number.  His  favourite  spots  for  landing 
cargoes  were  in  the  inlets  of  Poole  Harbour  and* 
at  the  mouths  of  the  chines— in  particular,  Brank- 
some  Chine,  on  the  borders  of  Hants  and  Dorset. 
But  this  famous  Gulliver,  who  lived  to  a  great  age, 
leaving  a  large  fortune,  was  not  only  a  smuggler,, 
but  appears  at  times  to  have  acted  in  the  capacity 
of  a  secret-service  agent  for  the  Government.  A 
writer  of  the  period  states  that  no  movements  of 
the  French  took  place  during  the  great  war  with 
France  but  that  Gulliver  was  cognisant  of  them, 
and  his  knowledge  was  found  to  be  so  valuable 
that  the  Government  often  overlooked  his  smug- 
gling operations  for  the  sake  of  the  information 
that  he  was  able  to  afford  regarding  the  plans  of 
the  French." — 'Wessex,  painted  by  Walter  Tyn- 
dale,  described  by  Clive  Holland,'  p.  60. 

I  suggest  another  possible  explanation  of 

the  occurrence  of  the  name  of  Lilliput  in 

I  Gulliver's    neighbourhood.       This    Gulliver 


12  S.  V.  JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


157 


a  man  of  substance  and  consideration 
very  likely  he  built  himself  a  house  in 
keeping  with  these  attributes,  and,  re- 
membering a  book  that  he  had  read  when 
a  boy,  and  also  his  own  name  and 
present  importance — that  he  loomed  large 
in,  the  public  eye  —  called  it  "  Lilliput 
Castle." 

This  name  Lilliput,  I  may  mention,  does 
not  occur  in  the  two  old  local  histories  :  '  The 
History  and  Antiquities  of  the  County  of 
Dorset,'  by  the  Rev.  John  Hutchins,  3rd  edit. 
1861,  and  '  The  History  of  the  Town  and 
County  of  Poole,'  by  John  Sydenham,  1839. 
There  is  a  station  called  "  Lilliput  Road  '" 
on  the  Swansea  and  Mumbles  Railway, 
and  a  hamlet  called  "  Lillyhoo,"  four 
miles  S.W.  of  Maidstone  in  Kent. 

PENRY  LEWIS. 


WESTMINSTER  HALL  ROOF  (12  S.  v.  121). 
— A  tract  published  in  1625  can  scarcely 
be  regarded  as  the  "  printed  source  "  of  the 
tradition  that  there  are  no  spiders  in  the 
roof  of  Westminster  Hall  because  the 
timber  is  Irish.  In  Southey's  '  Common- 
Place  Book,'  first  series,  p.  138,  there  is  the 
following  extract  from  an  earlier  and  more 
Famous  work  than  that  of  Benjamin 
Spenser  :  — 

"  Thus  it  hath  been  the  complaint  of  all  ages, 
'eges  esse  telas  aranearum,  vel  quia  juridici  *unt 
iraneae,vd  quiamitfica^capiunt.  et  vexpaxdimittunt. 
But  I  am  not  of  their  rnind  ;  for  I  think  that  God  in 
liis  providence  hath  so  fitly  ordained  it,  as  prophe- 
sying or  prescribing  a  lesson,  that  the  timber  in 
Westminster  Hall  should  neither  admit  cobweb 
rior  spider;  and  God  make  us  thankful  for  the 
rree  course  of  our  justice." — Godfrey  Goodman, 
:  The  Fall  of  Man,  or  the  Corruption  of  Nature 
proved  by  the  Light  of  his  Naturall  Reason.' 

Bishop  Goodman's  book  was  published  in 
.616,  and  the  superstition  referred  to  was,  it 
nay  be  presumed,  already  familiar.  The  com- 
>arison  of  laws  to  cobweb^  is  ascribed  by 
Valerius  Maximus  and  Plutarch  to  Ana- 
rharsis,  and  by  Stobaeus  to  Zaleucus.  The 
'orm  of  the  saying  as  given  by  Goodman  is 
nost  like  that  in  Stobaeus. 

A  similar  legend  has  attached  itself  to 
hat  "  glorious  Work  of  fine  intelligence." 
king's  College  Chapel,  Cambridge. 

In  Wil kin's  edition  of  Sir  Thomas  Browne's 
>Vorks  there  is  a  note  of  Wren's  in  bk.  vi. 
:hap.  vii  of  the  '  Pseudodoxia  Epidemica,' 
n  which  we  are  told  that  venomous  things 
lie 

'  on  Irish  earthe,  brought  thence  by  ship  into  our 
;ardens  in  England  :  nor  is  this  proper  to  Irish 
larthe,  but  to  the  timber  brought  thence,  as 


appeares  in  that  vast  roof  of  King's  College  Chappel 
in  Cambridge,  where  noe  man  ever  saw  a  spider,  or 
their  webs,  bycause  iit  is  all  of  Irish  timber." 

Wilkin  wrote  to  a  friend  in  Cambridge 
and  gave  an  extract  from  his  reply,  which 
referred  to  "  the  traditional  account  of  the 
roof,  and  more  particularly  the  organ  loi't 
of  King's  College  Chapel,  being  formed  of 
Irish  oak,  and  that  no  spielers  or  their  webs 
are  to  be  found  upon  it."  After  personal 
inquiry  and  investigation  Wilkin' s  friend 
said  that  he  could  discover  no  cobwebs  or 
spider?,  but  was  informed  that  spiders'  webs 
were  very  abundant  in  some  parts  of  the 
stone  roof  underneath  the  wooden  roof. 
Wilkin  also  refers  to  a  paper  in  the  Philo- 
sophical Transactions,  lix.  30,  by  the  Hon. 
D.  Barrington,  who  examined  several  ancient 
timber  roofs  without  detecting  any  spiders' 
webs,  and  explained  this  as  due  to  the 
absence  of  flies  in  such  situations.  But,  as 
Wilkin  observes,  this  seems  inconsistent 
with  the  number  of  cobwebs  found  in  the 
stone  roof  of  King's.  Dairies  Barrington 
was  one  of  Charles  Lamb's  "  old  Benchers." 
and  we  may  guess  that  the  roof  under  which 
'  Twelfth  Night '  was  first  acted  was  among 
those  examined. 

Some  of  these  references  were  given  by  me 
at  12  S.  iii.  306  in  an  answer  on  the  Folk- 
Lore  of  the  Spider.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

ALDELIMA,  1280 :  ITS  LOCALITY  (12  S. 
V-  96). — jt  a,ppears  from  Domesday  Book 
that  Aldelime  was  in  the  hundred  of  War- 
mendestrou  in  Cheshire.  Cheshire  formed 
part  of  the  diocese  of  Lichfield  until  the 
formation  of  the  dioce.se  of  Chester  temp. 
Henry  VIII.  Aldelime  would  therefore  be 
described  in  1280  as  in  the  diocese  of  Lich- 
field (see  Hemingway's  '  Hist,  of  the  City  of 
Chester,'  i.  296).  The  hundred  of  War- 
mendestrou  became,  about  the  time  of 
Edward  III.,  the  hundred  of  Nantwich 
( '  Hist,  of  Cheshire/  published  by  Poole  of 
Chester,  1778,  p.  865).  In  the  work  last 
cited  there  is  given  on  pp.  74-5  a  list  of 
benefices  in  Cheshire  extracted  from  a  MS. 
at  Cambridge.  These  benefices  include 
Aldalem,  the  annual  value  of  which  was 
~)l.  16s.  8cZ.  On  p.  47  of  the  same  work  there 
s  a  list  of  all  villages  and  townships  in  the 
hundred  of  Nantwich.  One  of  these  is 
Audlem.  Lysons  says  :  "  The  township  of 
Audlem,  or,  as  it  was  anciently  written, 
Aldelym,  lies  nearly  seven  miles  south  by 
east  from  Nantwich"  ('Magna  Britannia,' 
vol.  ii.  part  2,  p.  494).  Audlem  in  the 
inndred  of  Nantwich  still  exists. 

GEORGE  NEWALL. 


158 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         ;[  12  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


BLUECOAT  SCHOOLS  (12  S.  v.  126).— The 
Bluecoat  School,  Birmingham,  was  founded 
in  1722,  by  public  subscriptions  and  dona- 
tions, and  was  stimulated  by  the  erection  of 
St.  Philip's  Church,  now  the  Pro-Cathedral. 
The  burial-ground  attached  to  this  church  is 
of  considerable  extent,  and  a  strip  of  land 
from  it  was  granted  at  a  nominal  rent  by  the 
church  authorities,  on  the  ground  that 
"  profaneness  and  debauchery  were  greatly 
owing  to  gross  ignorance  of  the  Christian 
religion,  especially  among  the  poorer  sort." 
Liberal  contributions  were  received  from 
many  of  the  old  Birmingham  families,  and 
a  brick  building  was  opened  in  1724  accom- 
modating 22  boys  and  10  girls.  As  early  as 
K-90  a  Birmingham  mercer  of  the  name  of 
^'entham  had  provided  for  the  education  of 
about  20  boys,  and  his  trust  was  amalga- 
mated with  the  Bluecoat  School,  the  boys 
being,  however,  clad  in  green  for  distinction. 
Another  benefaction  provided  for  the  educa- 
tion, of  a  number  of  Welsh  children,  there 
being  many  Welsh  families  in  the  neigh- 
bourhood, mostly  poor,  and  the  poorer 
because  they  had  no  assistance  from  the 
rates. 

The  school  has  been  greatly  enlarged  on 
two  occasions,  and  is  now  a  large  stone- 
fronted  edifice,  with  no  pretension  to 
architectural  ornament,  but  so  simple  and  so 
good  in  its  proportions  as  to  be  by  no  means 
unpleasing,  especially  as  it  faces  the  large 
and  well-planted  churchyard.  The  only 
decoration  consists  of  two  figures  of  a 
Bluecoat  boy  and  girl  by  Edward  Grubb. 
Of  these  William  Huttor  says  :  "  They  are 
executed  with  a  degree  of  excellence  that  a 
Roman  statuary  would  not  have  blushed 
to  own."  Of  Hutton's  knowledge  of  Roman 
statuary  art  we  may  entertain  grave  doubts, 
but  the  figures  are  certainly  simple  and 
pleasing.  Of  these  the  legend  has  long  been 
told  to  Birmingham  children  that  when  they 
hear  the  church  bells  strike  midnight  they 
come  down  and  disport  themselves  in  the 
churchyard.  The  legend  is  of  course  per- 
fectly truthful,  provided  that  the  proper 
emphasis  be  placed  on  the  "when." 

The  Birmingham  Bluecoat  School  has  an 
uneventful  but  most  honourable  history. 
It  has  always  been  liberally  supported  and 
excellently  managed,  and  has  done  incal- 
culable good  in  its  existence  of  nearly  two 
centuries.  Many  who  have  found  there  their 
only  chance  of  education  have  attained 
wealth  and  honour.  One  grateful  pupil 
gave  a  donation  of  1,OOOL  when  he  became  a 
successful  man.  The  school  has  also  con- 
stantly grown,  and  now  educates  about 


200  boys  and  100  girls.  The  costume  of  the 
time  of  George  I.  is  still  continued,  and  the- 
boys,  as  they  are  led  by  their  masters 
through  the  streets,  form  a  quaint  and 
pleasant  spectacle. 

The  present  school,  large  as  it  is,  is  over- 
crowded, and  its  removal  to  Harborne  would 
already  have  been  effected,  but  for  the 
hindrance  caused  by  the  war.  In  suburban 
quarters  the  children  will  have  purer  air  and 
adequate  playgrounds,  though  they  can 
scarcely  be  healthier  than  they  are  in  their 
present  close  quarters. 

HOWAKD  S.  PEARSON. 

The  Bluecoat  School  in  Wolverhampton 
was  founded  in  1696,  and,  so  far  as  I  am 
aware,  is  still  in  existence.  When  I  resided 
in  Wolverhampton  the  number  of  scholars 
was  about  80,  of  whom  22  were  boarders. 

In  addition  to  these  the  boys  in  the- 
Wolverhampton  Orphanage,  some  150  in 
number,  wore  the  Bluecoat  dress.  The 
Orphanage  was  founded  in  1850. 

In  the  town  of  Leicester  there  used  to  be,, 
and  doubtless  still  is,  the  Greencoat  School. 
(Alderman  Newton's). 

JAS.  M.  J.  FLETCHER. 

The  Vicarage,  Wimborne  Minster. 

The  following  appears  to  give  the  required 
information.  There  is  no  date  on  my  copy:  — 

The  Parent's  |  School  And  College  Guide,]  or,  I 
Liber    Scholasticus  :  |  Being   an  Account   or  {  All 
The  Fellowships,  Scholarships,  And  |  Exhibitions, 
|  At    The  |  Universities    of    Oxford,    Cambridge,. 
Durham  and  Dublin:  |  By  Whom  Founded,  I  And! 
Whether  Open  Or  Restricted  To  Particular  |  Places 
And   Persons  :  |  Also,   Of    Such  |  Colleges,    Public- 
Schools,   Endowed  Grammar   Schools,  |  Chartered 
Companies  Of   The  City   Of   London,  |  Corporate 
Bodies,  Trustees  &c.  |  As   Have  University   Ad- 
vantages Attached  To  Them,  |  Or  In  Their  Patron- 
age ;  |  With  The  |  Ecclesiastical  Patronage  Of  The 
Universities,     Colleges,    |   Companies,    Corporate 
Bodies,    &c.    |    With    Appropriate    Indexes    And 
References   I  Second    Edition,  Much   Enlarged.  | 
London  :  |  Whittaker  And  Co.  Ave  Maria  Lane. 
W.  CURZON  YEO. 

10  Beaumont  Avenue,  Richmond,  Surrey. 

There  is  a  Bluecoat  School  in  York.  It 
was  founded  in  1705,  and  is  still  carried  on 
in  vigorous  condition.  A  Grey  Coat  School 
for  girls  was  established  almost  contem- 
poraneously, and  that  also  continues  its 
good  work.  But  a  day  ago  these  institu- 
tions celebrated  their  annual  festival,  and, 
according  to  a  time-honoured  custom,, 
assembled  at  the  Mansion  House,  where  the- 
Lady  Mayoress  made  each  child  glad  by  the-- 
gift  of  sixpence  and  an  orange. 

ST.  S  WITHIN. 


12  8.  V.  JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


Your  correspondent  will  perhaps  find  all  he 
needs  in  that  encyclopaedic  work,  Carlisle's 
'  History  of  Endowed  Schools  in  England 
and  Wales  ' — 2  vols.,  stout  royal  8vo,  issued 
early  in  the  nineteenth  century.  I  am 
miles  from  nearest  library,  so  cannot  give 
precise  date,  but  copies  are  believed  avail- 
able at  British  Museum,  Guildhall,  and 
Bishopsgate  Institute.  At  the  last-named 
is  an  excellent  London  collection  (including 
nearly  all  the  known  literature  on  London 
schools),  for  which  feature  scholars  are  not 
a  little  indebted  to  Mr.  Goss  the  Librarian. 
WM.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

In  the  'History  of  Reading,'  p.  391,  by 
Rev.  Charles  Coates,  1802,  is  the  following  :  — 

"  In  St  Giles's  parish  [Reading],  near  the  corner 
of  Silver  Street,  on  the  south  side  of  the  London 
Road,  is  the  building  called  the  Blue-School.  This 
school  was  originally  founded,  in  the  year  1646,  for 
twenty  blue-coat  boys,  and  a  master,  by  a  gentle- 
man of  great  worth  and  character,  Richard 
Aldworth  esq  :  to  which  six  more  were  added  by 
Sir  Thomas  Rich,  baronet,  three  of  which  are  to  be 
chosen  from  the  Parish  of  Sunning." 

R.  J.  FYNMORE. 

Warrington,  founded  1711  (see  history  in 
Trans.  Hist.  Soc.  Lanes,  and  Ches.  xxii.  89). 
Liverpool,  founded  1709  (see  Trans,  of  same 
Society,  xi.  and  xiii.),  now  moved  to  Waver- 
tree.  R.  g.  B. 

WAR  SLANG  (12  S.  iv.  271,  206,  333 ; 
v.  18,  79). — J.  R.  H.  is  perhaps  correct  in 
his  impression  that  "fed  up  "  was  brought 
home  by  soldiers  from  the  Boer  War,  as  the 
words  are  used  in  the  City  article  of  The 
Times  of  Oct.  1,  1904,  and  also  in  The 
Daily  Telegraph  of  Oct.  20,  1900,  and  in 
both  cases  in  the  same  sense  as  they  are 
used  to-day.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

"  Yellow  peril  "  is  the  name  given  to 
a  well-known  brand  of  cigarettes  packed 
in  yellow  paper.  They  are  also  called 
"gaspers."  A.  S.  E.  ACKERMANN. 

"  MACARONI  "  :  ORIGIN  OF  THE  WORD 
(12  S.  iv.  326).— The  story  told  by  the 
Italian  to  a  querist  as  to  the  origin  of  this 
word  is  of  no  etymological  value,  and  was 
evidently  concocted  by  some  wag  for  the 
diversion  of  his  audience.  The  Italian 
form  maccheroni  is  a  plural,  signifying  a 
mixture  of  flour,  cheese,  and  butter.  It  is 
derived  by  Diez  with  great  plausibility 
from  It.  maccare  or  ammacare,  to  bruise, 
pound.  Maccherone,  a  Jack-pudding ; 
macaroon,  a  cake  originally  of  much  the 
same  composition  ;  and  macaronic  (medley) 
come  from  the  same  root  N.  W.  HILL.  " 


DEACON  IN  LOVE  (12  S.  v.T  42,  104).  — 
We  ought  to  have  the  words  of  Cantilupe's 
Register.  Has  there  been  a  misunder- 
standing of  the  common  phrase  "  intultu- 
caritatis,"  used  in  records  of  bestowals  o£ 
preferment  ?  If  a  deacon  was  admitted 
to  serve  a  chantry,  it  must  have  been  on, 
the  understanding  that  he  would  at  once 
proceed  to  priest's  orders.  J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Lines. 

HON.  LIEUT.  GEORGE  STEWART  (12  S'.- 
v.  12,  75).  —  The  inscription  at  the  first 
reference  seems  to  me  to  be  either  a  hoax: 
or  a  manufactured  epitaph,  or,  as  has  beem 
said,  a  case  of  "  sending  a  man  to  his  gravo 
with  a  lie  on  the  lips  of  the  people."  He 
certainly  was  not  what  the  epitaph  makes 
him  out  to  be.  What  is  the  entry  in  the 
burial  register  ?  This  may  throw  gome 
light  on  the  matter.  The  only  solution  at 
present  seems  that  he  was  "  a  bar  sinister..'" 
Is  there  such  a  name  in  the  Army  Lists  ? 
J.  W.  FAWCETT.. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

METAL-BRIDGE,  DUBLIN  (12  S.  ii.  487  ;-. 
iii.  59).  —  This  bridge  has  now  been,  made- 
free  to  tl\e  public.  For  nearly  105  years  a. 
toll  of  one  halfpenny  was  levied,  the  annual. 
rent  being  3351.  J.  ARDAGH. 

35  Church  Avenue,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

WRIGHT  OF  ELMSALL  (12  S.  iv.  190,  285).- 
—  Concerning  the  part  played  by  James,, 
Duke  of  York,  in  the  descent  of  this  family 
the  following  supplementary  facts  may  be- 
of  interest.  The  uncle  of  his  victim,  viz  , 
Sir  .Arthur  Darcy  of  New  Park,  Hornby,. 
brother  of  the  Earl  of  Holderness,  wa» 
Comptroller  of  the  King's  palace  at  York 
in  1665  (12  S.  iv.  161).  In  Pepys's  '  Diary  * 
we  read  :  — 

"  July  27,  1665,  to  Hampton  Court,  where- 
I  saw  *the  King  and  Queen  set  out  towards- 
Salisbury,  and  after  these  the  Duke  and  Duehesse, 
whose  hands  I  did  kiss." 


On  pp.  572  and  573  of  vol.  v.  of  '  Lives  of  t 
Queens  of  England,'  Agnes  Strickland  wrote 
concerning  the  events  of  July,  1665  :  — 

"  The  plague  speedily  extending  to  Hampton. 
Court,  their  Majesties  and  the  Court  left  on  the' 
27th  for  Salisbury.     It  was  agreed  on  the  spote 
that  the  Duke  and  Duchess,  with  their  retinue, 
should  set   off   direct  for   York,  much   to  their- 
satisfaction." 
This  is  corroborated  in  the  State  papers. 

Amongst  the  archives  of  the  Hartley 
family  w-as  a  sheet  of  notepaper  (now  in  the- 
present  writer's  possession)  stamped  in  blua 
fancy  type  "  Middleton  Lodge,  Richmond, 
Yorks,"  and  containing  the  following  j  ottings* 


160 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12 s. V.JUNE,  1919. 


written  between  1793  and  1809  by  a  female 
hand  : — 

"  George  Wright  of  South  Kirkby  married  a 
bastard  daughter  of  James  Stuart,  Duke  of 
York.  He  and  his  wife  Anne,  who  was  bom  May, 
1666,  were  buried  at  South  Kirkby  in  1729. — 
James  Wright  of  South  Elmsall  and  Thurnscoe 
Grange. — George  Wright  of  Thurnscoe  Grange  : 
•hield,  Or,  fesse  componed  az.  and  arg.  betw. 
'three  erased  eagles'  heads ;  crest,  a  unicorn 
pass.  reg. — Sarah  Wright,  the  wife  of  Sampson 
George  of  Middleton  Tyas." 

On  another  MS.  (undated,  but  appar- 
ently much  older)  of  this  family  (seen  by 
the  writer)  "  George  Wright  and  his  wife 
Anne,  daughter  of  Othia  Hutton,"  are 
recorded  as  parents  of  a  son  James  and  a 
daughter  Othia.  VALEAT  QUANTUM. 

'  THREE  BLACK  CROWS  '  (12  S.  v.  123).— 
The  piece  will  be  found  in  the  '  Miscellaneous 
Poems '  of  John  Byrom,  "  a  name  well 
known  in  literary  history  for  his  versatile 
genius,  and  varied  accomplishments,"  as 
Bishop  Monk  wrote  of  him  in  his  Life  of 
Richard  Bentley. 

Though  Byrom  describes  his  tale  as  "a 
London  story,"  it  is  taken,  "  with  very 
beseeming  alterations,"  as  Swan  remarks  in 
a  note  to  his  English  version,  from  the 
'Gesta  Romanorum,'  125  (117).  In  the 
mediaeval  version  the  number  of  the  crows 
rises  to  sixty. 

J.  G.  T.  Grosse  in  his  German  translation 
of  the  '  Gesta,'  and  Oesterley  in  his  edition 
of  the  Latin  text,  refer  to  Byrom' s  verses, 
and  Oesterley  gives  a  long  list  of  literary 
references  in  his  note  on  this  story. 

EDWARD  BENSLY.     - 

John  Byrom  of  Manchester,  whose  Christ- 
inas hymn,  '  Christians,  awake  !  salute  the 
liappy  morn,'  is  so  well  known,  was  the 
author  of  'Three  Black  Crows,'  which  he 
wrote  to  be  recited  at  one  of  the  breakings  - 
up  of  the  Manchester  Grammar  School. 
There  is  an  interesting  article  on  this  piece 
in  the  'Palatine  Note  Book'  (vol.  i.  p.  21). 
The  writer  observes  that 

*'  it  immediately  hit  the  public  fancy,  and  became 
a  stock  piece  wherever  there  was  a  demand  for  sly 
satire  couched  in  facile  verse.  It  still  has  admirers, 
although  it  must  be  confessed  that  younger  rivals 
have  arisen  and  somewhat  pushed  it  backwards 
into  the  shade." 

The  article  investigates  the  literary  sources 
of  the  story,  and  refers  to  Lafontaine's 
'Fables'  (livre  viii.  fab.  vi.),  Lodovico 
Guicciardini's  '  Detti  e  fatti  pacevoli  '  (which 
first  appeared  about  1569),  the  '  Fables  of 
Abstemius '  (of  which  a  French  translation 
Appeared  in  1572),  '  The  Book  of  the  Knight 


of  La  Tour-Landry '  (written  about  1371) 
the  '  Promptuarium  Exemplorum '  (com- 
piled early  in  the  fifteenth  century)  and  the 
*  Gesta  Romanorum.' 

WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 
Westwood,  Clitheroe. 

GRIM  OR  GRIME  :  ETYMOLOGY  OF  THE 
NAME  (12  S.  v.  95,  137).— See  also  P.  A. 
Munch' s  '  Samlede  Afhandlinger,'  vol.  iv. 
p.  89  (Christiania,  1876),  and  O.  Rygh's 
'  Gamle  Personnavne  '  (Christiania,  1961), 
p.  94. 

Grim  enters  into  many  Scandinavian 
names  :  Arngrim,  Asgrim,  Steingrim,  Thor- 
grim,  &c.  ;  Grimketill,  Grimulf,  &c.  Grimr 
is  one  of  Odin's  titles. 

ALEX.  G.  MOFFAT. 

Swansea. 

The  personal  and  regional  names  Grimm, 
Grimes,  Grimsby,  Grimston,  Grimshaw, 
Grinketel  and  Crinkle  (see  U.S.  iv.  187, 
233,  434,  s.v.  cytel)  all  spring  from  the 
Old  Ncr.se  grime  ;  as  do  the  Celtic  Graeme 
and  Scotch  Graham.  See  H.  A.  Long's 
'  Personal  and  Family  Names.' 

N.  W.  HILL. 

BIRD-SCARING  SONGS  (12  S.  v.  98,  132).— 
I  append  some  Worcestershire  versions  of 
similar  lines. 

From  Tredington  by  James  -  Barnet, 
aged  72,  Oct.  17,  1912  :  — 

Sho  !  all  away,  you  birds  that  are  so  black, 
Come  here  to  steal  my  master's  crop 
While  I  lies  down  to  have  a  nap. 
From  Wenbold-on-Stour,  by  Tho.  Baldwin, 
aged  70,  Oct.  17,  1912  :  — 

Sho  !  all  away  !    Sho  !  all  away  ! 
You  birds  that  are  so  black', 
Come  here  to  steal  my  master's  crop. 
If  he  was  to  come  with  his  lonu  gun, 
You  would  fly,  and  I  would  run. 
From    Wimpstone,     by     George     Bailey, 
aged  74,  Oct.  27,  1912  :- 

Ye  pigeons  and  crows*  away  !  away  ! 

Why  do  you  steal  my  master's  tay  ? 

If  he  should  come  with  his  long  gun, 

You  must  fly,  and  I  must  run. 
This  is  corroborated  as  the  correct  Warwick- 
shire version  by  the  late  F.  Scarlett  Potter, 
well  known  as  an  accurate  folk-lorist.  This 
version  was  current  in  Ilmington  in  his 
boyhood.  J. '  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

HEDGEHOGS  (12  S.  iv.  76,  140;  v.  105).— 
Will  MR.  CLAUDE  MORLEY  be  good  enough  to 
quote  some  more  (even  second-hand)  in- 
stances of  the  alleged  sucking  of  cows'  teats 
by  hedgehogs  ?  The  information  he  gives 
at  the  last  reference  is  not  very  satisfactory. 


12  S.  V.JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


161 


He  writes  of  a  letter  he  received  in  1911  from    in  the  Rectory  oft  Orpington  till  1566.fc    He 

went    with    Thomas    Goldwell,    Bisncp^of 
St.  Asaph,  to  Rome,  where  we  find  boih^in 


Mr.  Cockaday,  who  apparently  claims  to  hav      went 
seen  the  alleged  act  on  "  »«*•*»*•«/  m>?>p,dons  " 


several  occasions 

but,  for  all  this,  only  one  (in  1906)  is  men 
tioned  by  MB.  MOBLEY.  We  are  told,  too 
that  hedgehogs  are  "  very  common  in  tha 
district."  This  being  so,  one  would  hav 
thought  MB.  MORLEY  might  have  tried  t 
see  the  event  for  himself — for  "  what  th 
soldier  said  "  is  not  evidence.  Then  is  no 
"  fifteen  or  twenty  yards  "  rather  a  Ion 
distance  from  which  to  see  and  be  sure  o: 
what  was  happening  ?  My  faith  is  greatly 
stretched  when  we  are  told  that  at  tha 
distance  "  the  contraction  of  the  cheek 
[of  a  hedgehog  !]  in  the  act  of  suction  also 
was  evident  "...  .and  "  only  the  extremity  o 
the  mouth  touched  the  teat,  and  the  teeth 
were  not  in  contact  at  all  "  / 

ALFBED  S.  E.  ACKEBMANN. 

BISHOPS  OF  THE  FIFTEENTH  CENTUB\ 
(12  S.  iv.  330;  v.  107).— The  Rev.  Joseph 
Hunter  in  his  '  South  Yorkshire  :  The  His 
tory  and  Topography  of  the  Deanery  of 
Doncaster  in  the  Diocese  and  County  of 
York,'  ii.  (1831),  97,  writes:  — 

"  On  August  18th,  1491,  a  commission  issued 
from  the  Ecclesiastical  Court  at  York,  to  William, 
Bishop  of  Dromore,  to  consecrate  anew  the  chapel 
of  \Ventworth,  in  the  parish  of  Wath,  with  its 
chapelyard." 

George  Brann  is  said  to  have  been  Bishop 
of  Dromore  from  1489  to  his  translation, 
April  15,  1499,  to  the  see  of  Elphin.  If  the 
above  extract  is  correct,  George  cannot  have 
been  appointed  until  after  Aug.  18,  1491. 
That  being  so,  who  was  Bishop  William  ? 
Brann 's  predecessor  at  Dromore  is  said  to 
have  been  Thomas  Radclifie,  1440-89,  and 
his  successor  William ,  1500-4.  The 


succession    of   these    Irisn    bishops    is    very 


uncertain. 


J.  W.  F. 


REV.  DR.  CLENOCK  (12  S.  v.  124).— 
Maurice  Clenock  took  the  degree  of  B.C.L. 
at  Oxford  in  1548,  and,  according  to  Mr. 
Gillow  ('Bibl.  Diet.  Eng.  Cath.,'  i.  500), 
subsequently  became  D.C.L.  and  D.D. 
Nicolas  Sander  says  he  was  a  Prebendary  of 
York,  and,  though  this  has  been  doubted, 
Dom  Norbert  Birt,  O.S.B.,  has  shown  that 
Sander  was  quite  accurate  ('Elizabethan 
Religious  Settlement,1  p.  152).  Clenock  was 
also  Chancellor  of  the  Prerogative  Court  of 
Canterbury,  and  Rector  of  Orpington,  Kent, 
and  was  Bishop -nominate  of  Bangor  at 
Queen  Mary's  death.  He  was  one  of  the 
witnesses  to  Cardinal  Pole's  will.  He  seems 
to  have  gone  abroad  early  in  Queen  Eliza- 
beth's reign,  though  he  was  not  succeeded  I 


January,  It  63/4.  In  1567  he  became 
Camerarius,  and  in  1578  Gustos*  of  the 
English  Ho&jriee  there,  and  was  first  Rector 
of  the  English  College,  1578-9  (ep.  Catholic 
Record  Society's  Publications,  i.  23,  48  ; 
ii.  3).  In  P.R.O.,  S.P.  Dom  Eliz.,  cxlviii.  61,, 
mention  is  made,  among  "  the  doctors  that 
be  at  Rome,"  of  D.  Morris  Clenocke,  "  over- 
seer of  the  Englishe  hospitall."  This  docu- 
ment is  considered  as  belonging  to  1581; 
but  Clenock  had  certainly  ceased  to  je&ide 
at  Rome  in  that  year.  He  was  unpopular 
among  the  English  exiles,  as  he  was  oon-- 
sidered  to  favour  the  Welsh  unduly. 

JOHN  B,  WAINEWBICET.- 

There  is  quite  a  lengthy  bibliograj  hy  ol' 
this  individual  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  the  '  Catholic 
Encyclopaedia,'  Gillow's  'Bibliographical 
Dictionary  of  the  English  Catholics,'  Foley's 
'  Records,'  and  in  the  Transactions  of  the 
Catholic  Record  Society,  but  the  birth  and 
death  dates  are  not  given.  In  the  Trans- 
actions above  he  is  usually  referred  to  as 
either  Mr.  or  Dr.  Morrice. 

ABCHIBATJD  SPABKE.. 

BOASE   BBOTHEBS  (12   S.   v.    95).—  Tnere- 
s  a  portrait   of  Mr.   George  Boase  in  The 


Illustrated    London    Nev.s,    Oct. 
p.  521. 


1897, 


I  have  a  photograph  of  the  late  Mr.. 
Frederic  Boase,  and  will  be  pleased  to  lend  it 
;o  MB.  HAMBLEY  ROWE  if  it  is  of  any  service 
or  the  purpose  lie  has  in  hand.  I  am 
ending  on  the  query  to  Mrs.  Lewis  Thom- 
on,  who  is  sister  to  the  three  brothers 
Boase.  SJie  might  be  able  to  help  in  the 


bove  mattei. 


A.  KATE  RANEB. 


25  Boscobel  Road,  St.  Leonards-on-Sea. 

BlBLIOCBAPHY   OF   EPITAPHS   (12    S.    V.    68^, 

29). — Here  are  the  titles  of  a  few  books 
hat  I  have  :  — 

Sepulchrorum  Inscriptiones  ;  or,  a  Curious  Colleo 

on  of  about  900  of  the  most  remarkable  Epitaphs, 
Antient  and  Modern,  Serious  and  Merry,  in  the 
Kingdoms  of  Great  Britain,  Ireland,  &c.,  in  English. 
Verse.  Faithfully  collected  by  James  Jones,  gent. 
Vol.  1.,  1727.  [1  have  only  the  one  vol.] 

Churchyard  Gleanings  and  Epigrammatic  Scraps  :.. 
being  a  Collection  of  remarkable  Epitaphs  and 
Epigrams.  By  William  Pulleyn.  [Undated.] 

ISepulchralia,  or  "Sermons  in  Ktones":  being. 
Epitaphs  from  the  Churchyards  in  the  neighbour- 
hood of  Blackpool.  1873. 

Among  the  'J  ombs  of  Colchester.     1880. 

Faithf  ul  Servants  :  being  Epi  taphs  and  Obituaries 
recording  their  Names  and  Services.  Edited  and 
in  part  collected  by  Arthur  J.  Munby,  M.A.,  F.S.A. 
1891. 


162 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


As  regards  MR.  FAWCETT'S  question  as 
to  the  possibility  of  compiling  a  list  of 
•works  on  epitaphs,  see  6  S.  x.  34,  35, 
where  MR.  W.  G.  B.  PAGE  writes  as  "  the 
-compiler  of  the'  Bibliography  of  Epitaphs,'  " 
-and  refers  to  6  S.  ix.  86,  493.  Was  this 
Bibliography  ever  published  in  its  complete 
'form  ?  F.  J.  HYTCH. 

The  following  are  in  order  of  date  :  — 

Select  Epitaphs.   By  W.  Toldervy.    2  vols.  1755. 

Select  and  Remarkable  Epitaphs.  By  J.  Hackett. 
•2  vols.  1757- 

A  New  Select  Collection  of  Epitaphs.  By  T. 
Webb.  2  vols.  (1775.) 

Illustrium  Virorum  Elogia  Sepulchralia.  By 
E.  Popham.  1778. 

Epitaphs  and  Monumental  Inscriptions,  His- 
torical, Biographical,  Literary,  and  Miscellaneous. 
By  Dr.  Johnson.  2  vols.  1806. 

Church  Yard  Gleanings  and  Epigrammatic 
^Scraps.  By  W.  Pulley  n.  181- 

Moral  and  Interesting  Epitaphs.  By  Wm. 
Henney  of  Hammersmith.  1819. 

A  Collection  of  Epitaphs  and  Monumental  In- 
scriptions. By  Silvester  Tissington.  517  pages. 
1857..  i 

Epitaphs,  Collected  from  the  Cemeteries  of 
"Great  Britain.  By  Joseph  Barlow  Robinson.  1859. 

Gleanings  in  Graveyards.  By  H.  E.  Norfolk.  1866. 

Bunhill  Fields  Burial-Ground :  Proceedings  in 
-reference  to  its  Preservation.  1867.  (Gives  the 
inscriptions  on  the  tombs.) 

Epitaphs  ["&c.]  in  Greyfriars  Church-yard,  Edin- 
burgh. By  James  Brown.  1867. 

Ancient  and  Modern  Metrical  Epitaphs.  Edited 
%  the  Rev.  John  Booth.  1868. 

Curious  Epitaphs,  with  Biographical,  Genealo- 
gical and  Historical  Notes.  By  W.  Andrews.  (1883.) 

Gleanings  from  God's  Acre,  being  a  Collection  of 
Epitaphs.  By  John  Potter  Briscoe.  1883. 

W.  B.  H.   . 

CHURCHES  USED  FOR  THE  ELECTION  or 
"MUNICIPAL  OFFICERS  (US.  xii.  360, 404,  430, 
470,  511  ;  12  S.  i.  38,  437  ;  v.  127).— I  am 
•greatly  obliged  to  MR.  SELF  WEEKS  for  the 
information  given  at  the  last  reference, 
which  corroborates  my  contention  (11  S. 
•xii.  470)  that  the  evidence  of  such  use  of 
church  buildings,  so  far  as  adduced,  is 
-confined  to  the  East  of  England,  with  the 
single  exception  of  Lancashire.  May  I 
therefore  beg  to  be  allowed  to  take  advan- 
tage of  the  present  recrudescence  of  tjae 
subject  to  ask  that  particular  attention 
may  be  given  to  the  question  whether 
the  assertion  made  by  the  late  Dr.  Cox  in 
nis  '  English  Parish  Chmch  '  can  be  sup- 
ported by  any  evidence  ?  The  statement, 
namely,  that  such  elections  used  to  take 
place  in  the  churches  respectively  of  Totnes 
•and  Plymouth.  , 

With  regard  to  the  case  of  Totnes,  I  know 
that  the  best  local  authorities  have  disputed 


the  meaning  of  the  document,  the  words  of 
which  seem  to  have  given  rise  to  the  state- 
ment. As  to  Plymouth,  while  old  in- 
habitants, like  myself,  can  remember  the 
time  when  the  "  Ctuardians  "  of  the  poor 
were  annually  elected  by  "  scratching,"  as 
it  was  contemptuously  called,  in  both  the 
"  old "  churches  of  the  town,  yet  these 
were  not,  and  have  never  been  reckoned  in 
any  sense  as,  municipal  officers,  like  the 
mayor  and  aldermen  of  the  borough. 

W.  S.  B.  H. 

JOHN  MIERS,  THE  PROFILIST  (12  S. 
iv.  45,  141). — In  view  of  the  numerous 
inquiries  and  replies  which  have  appeared 
in  '  N.  &  Q.'  from  time  to  time  respecting 
this  artist  in  piofile,  it  would  appear  desir- 
able to  draw  attention  to  the  article  recently 
contributed  by  Mr.  G.  D.  Limib,  F.S.A., 
with  the  above  heading  for  title,  to  the 
'  Miscellanea,'  vol.  xxiv.,  of  the  Thoresby 
Society.  Mr.  Lumb's  paper  contains  with- 
out doubt  the  fullest  account  of  Miers's 
life  and  work,  his  family  and  connexions. 
Profiles  of  the  artist  and  others  are  attached. 
A  list  of  profiles  identified  as  the  work  of 
Miers  or  his  firm,  with  the  names  of  the 
present  owners,  and  in  many  cases  with 
the  purchase  price,  is  not  the  least  in- 
teresting feature  of  this  valuable  contribu- 
tion. J.  H.  LETHBRIDGE  MEW. 

NEW  SHAKSPERE  SOCIETY'S  PUBLICATIONS 
(12  S.  iv.  77,  143,  170,  338).— Many  thanks  to 
CAPT.  JAGGARD  for  reference  to  his  '  Shake 
speare  Bibliography '  for  a  list  of  these 
publications ;  but  even  this  list  is  not  quite 
complete,  as  I  have  Part  14  of  Series  I 
(Transactions,  1887-92,  Part  4,  1904),  and 
though  this  is  mentioned  in  the  numbers 
given  in  the  record  on  p.  231,  it  is  not  given 
on  p.  228.  Neither  is  No.  14  of  Series  VI 
(Robert  Laneham's  Letter)  mentioned  in 
the  detailed  list  or  record. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

FRENCH  REVOLUTION  :  "  EAT  CAKE  " 
(12  S.  iv.  272:  v.  53).— I  think  that  the 
letter  from  Lady  Dillon  to  the  editor  of 
The  Daily  Mail,  which  appeared  in  that 
paper  on  Nov.  14,  1916,  gives  a  very  good 
explanation  of  what  Marie  Antoinette 
really  meant,  if  she  did  use  the  words 
attributed  to  her.  I  have  read — I  know 
not  where — that  the  question  was  asked 
by  the  Dauphin. 

Lady  Dillon  states  that  Marie  Antoinette 
did  not  know  how  the  poor  lived,  and  that 
she  wanted  to  know  why  the  peasants  did 
not  eat  the  caisses  which  contained  the 


12  S.  V.  JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


'rench  pates,  these  caisses  being  generally 
lirown  away.  ,  As  the  caisse  was  made  of 
lour  and  water,  it  was  eatable.  "  A  bad 
ranslation  gave  the  word  *  cake '  for  '  case.'  " 
HEBBEBT  SOUTHAM. 

[Lady  Dillon's  suggestion  is  ingenious,  but  the 
lying 'is  older  than  Marie  Antoinette,  as  shown  by 
j.G.G.  ante,  p.  53.] 

ALABACTJLIA,  NAME  OF  A  RACEHOBSE 
12  S.  v.  98). — The  word  was  coined  from 
he  name  of  a  distinguished  Oriental  ad- 
renturer  Ali  Bey  Kuli,  a  native  of  Circassia, 
rho  for  some  time  arrested  the  attention  of 
he  politicians  of  Europe  by  his  revolt 
•gainst  the  Porte  in  1770  and  his  attempt 
o  found  a  new  dynasty  in  Egypt. 

WILLOIJGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

BYBON'S  BUST  AT  OXFOBD  (12  S.  v.  122). 
— Thorwaldsen  executed,  apparently,  more 
han  one  portrait  of  the  poet.  To  begin 
vith,  there  is  the  famous  seated  figure  in  the 
ibrary  of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  or- 
Lered,  according  to  the  '  D.N.B./  by  Hob- 
louse  in  1829,  finished  in  1834,  refused  a 
>lace  in  the  Abbey  by  two  deans  of  West- 
ninster,  and  accepted  for  Trinity  College 
>y  Whewell  in  1843.  Hobhouse  was  raised 
o  the  peerage  as  Baron  Broughton  de 
jryfford.  Is  Y.  T.  right  in  speaking  of  his 
laughter  Lady  Broughton  ? 

I  have  a  clear  recollection  of  being  shown, 
ome  thirty  years  ago,  a  bust  of  Byron  in 
he  Biblioteca  Ambrosiana  at  Milan  by 
he  learned  librarian  Canon  Antonio  Ceriani, 
tnd  of  his  remarking,  "  This  bust  was — 
T — sculpted  by  Thorwaldsen." 

Baedeker,  '  Ober-Italien,'  ]902,  p.  87, 
aentions  it.  EDWABD  BENSLY. 

"  PENNILES  BENCH"  (12  S.  v.  126).— 
^yon's  '  Hist.  Dover,'  vol.  i.  p.  19,  gives  the 
ollowing  :  — 

"'Severns's  Gate.'— This  gate  fronted  Bench 
street,  and  in  the  apartments  over  it  the  customer 
>f  the  port  anciently  received  the  King's  dues. 
Here  was  a  place  paved  with  stone,  where  the 
nerchants  used  to  meet,  about  eleven  o'clock  in  the 
orenoon,  to  transact  business,  and  in  a  course  of 
ime  it  was  called  Pennyless  Bench." 

R.  J.  FYNMOBE. 
Sandgate, 

MEWS  OB  MEWYS  FAMILY  (12  S.f  ii.  26, 
)3,  331,  419,  432  ;  iii.  16,  52,  113,  195,  236, 
1:21,  454  ;  iv.  166).— The  Rev.  John  Thom- 
inson  in  his  '  Diary,'  under  date  Oct.  18, 
L717,  writes:  "King  Charles  used  to  say 
>f  Peter  Mew  that  he  should  preach  and 
ight  with  any  man  in  England  "  ('North 
Country  Diaries,'  Surtees  Society  Publica- 


tions, vol.  cxviii.  p.  85).  The  editor,  J. 
Hodgson,  F.S.A.,  in  a  foot-note  adds  r 
"Peter  Mews,  D.D.,  Bishop  of  Winchester,, 
who  lent  his  horses  for  the  artillery  at 
Sedgemoor."  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

GOOD  FBTDAY  PLEASUBE  FAIBS  (12  S. 
v.  124). — The  gathering  of  persons,  mostly 
young,  on  Holcombe  Hill,  near  Ramsbottomr. 
Lancashire,  on  Good  Friday,  can  hardly  be 
called  a  pleasure  fair — it  is  more  like  a  mob 
of  picnickers.  There  are  a  few  local  stalls 
and  swingboats  at  the  foot  of  the  hill,  and,, 
perhaps,  a  couple  of  common -lodging-house- 
looking  men  singing  and  selling  comic  songs. 
The  farmhouse  on  the  top  of  the  hill  has  some 
swings  for  children,  and  a  band  generally 
plays  up  there  for  dancing.  The  main  thing 
for  the  visitors  is  to  climb  the  moorland  hill 
and  the  120  ft.  tower  on  its  top.  Teas  are- 
provided  at  the  farmhouse  and  at  most  of 
the  houses  round  about  the  hill.  Holcombe 
is  visited  all  through  the  summer  by  pleasure 
parties,  but  the  biggest  crowd  is  there  on 
Good  Friday.  The  erection  of  the  tower  on 
the  top  to  the  memory  of  Sir  Robert  Peel  in 
1852  may  have  been  the  first  cause  of  crowds 
assembling  there  at  holiday  time.  I  doubt 
if  the  custom  dates  farther  back  than  the 
middle  of  last  century. 

There  are  several  lesser  Good  Friday 
resorts  in  this  neighbourhood :  Ashworth 
Valley,  Simpson  Clough,  Birtle  Dene,  and 
Grant's  Tower.  This  last  tower  was  erected 
by  the  brothers  Grant,  who  are  said  to  have 
been  the  originals  of  Dickens's  "  Cheeryble 
Brothers."  It  is  on  Top -o'-th' -Hough  to 
the  east  of  Ramsbottom.  Holcombe  Hill, 
much  higher,  is  to  the  west  of  the  town. 
Queen's  Park,  given  by  Queen  Victoria  to 
the  borough  of  Heywood  (1879),  used  to  be  a 
Good  Friday  resort  for  this  district,  but  its 
novelty  seems  to  have  fallen  off.  Heaton 
Park,  Manchester's  big  breathing  space,  is 
now  much  patronized  on  Good  Friday  and 
other  holidays,  as  it  is  easily  reached  from 
all  parts  of  this  populous  district  by  electric 
train  and  tram.  Hollingworth  Lake,  near 
Rochdale,  is  another  much  frequented  Good 
Friday  resort.  WT.  H.  PINCHBECK. 

Bury,  Lanes. 

During  the  first  half  of  the  eighteenth 
century  a  great  "  Market  or  Fair  for  Cattle  " 
was  held  at  Wimborne  on  Good  Friday,  and 
was  continued  for  seven  weeks  afterwards. 
To  this  the  Pleasure  Fair  was  naturally  an 
adjunct.  In  the  year  1765  the  date  of  the 
commencement  of  the  fair  was  changed 
from  Good  Friday  to  Friday  in  the  preceding 
week,  and  it  was  succeeded  by  a  market  for 


164 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


-oattle  which  was  continued  for  some  weeks 
afterwards.     (Cf.     Russell's     '  Vindogladia,' 
p.   4,  Herman  Moll's   'New  Description  of 
^England   and   Wales,'    London,    1724,    and 
Hutchins'  'History  of  Dorset,'  iii.  p.  180.) 
JAS.  M.  J.  FLETCHER. 
The  Vicarage,  Wiraborne  Minster. 

The  Eve  Fair  at  Grantham,  which 
breaks  out,  or  used  to  break,  as  from 
the  smouldering  embers  of  a  famous  gala 
held  on  Monday,  Tuesday  and  Wednesday 
after  the  fifth  Sunday  in  Lent,  is  the  nearest 
thing  I  know  of  to  a  Good  Friday  Fair. 
Easter  Eve  is  hardly  a  day  on  which  one 
would  expect  to  find  the  "rabble  rout" 
asserting  itself.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

MAY  (12  S.  v.  123).— Florentine  b.  1732, 
was  probably  son  of  the  Rev.  Wm.  May, 
B.A.,  St.  John's,  Camb.,  rector  of  Kingston, 
Jamaica,  by  his  second  wife  Bathsua 
Beokford.  He  d.  at  sea  June  4,  1747, 
aged  15,  on  his  passage  to  Boston  for  the 
recovery  of  his  health  (Archer,  p.  102). 
The  rector  left  an  only  surviving  son  Rose 
Hearing  May,  who  was  at  Eton  in  1752, 
but  sent  his  sons  to  Westminster,  viz.,  Wm. 
Vassal!  May,  d.  at  Bath,  Dec;.  C,  1811, 
Florentius  May  and  Rose  May. 

V.  L.  OLIVER. 

About  1815  there  was  living  at  Maidstone 

William  May,  M.D..  described  as  author  of 

medical  works   of    1790  and    1792,   and   of 

various    papers    in     The    London    Medical 

-  Journal.  W.  B.  H. 

"  ROUGH  "  AS  HOUSE-NAME  (12  S.  v.  97): 
•—The  '  E.D.D.'  gives  as  the  twelfth  signi- 
fication of  "rough":  "A  small  \\ood; 
a  rough  wooded  place  ;  a  moor  overgi  own 
with  leather  ;  uncultivated  land ;  an  ^n- 
closure."  It  cites  as  examples  the  placo- 
name  Great  Comberton  Ruff,  and  the  quota- 
tion :  "  Philipps  promised  to  feed  the  horse 
in  a  rouah  or  enclosure." 

Under  "  Rowless  "  (also  roughleaze,  row- 
lass,  roughless)  is  the  expression  "  rowless 
tenement,"  which  denoted  apparently  land 
without  a  house  attached  to  it,  or  "  waste 
and  unprofitable  land"  (1646).  So,  too,  a 
"  rowless  thing."  N.  W.  HILL. 

DICKENS' s  TOPOGRAPHICAL  SLIPS  :  A  PECU- 
LIARITY OF  STYLE  (12  S.  v.  37,  136).— In 
chap,  xxxii.  of  '  David  Copperfield '  a 
record  is  made  of  grant  of  probate  to  the 
will  of  Barkis,  a  carrier,  who  died  near 
Yarmouth,  but  in  the  county  of  Suffolk. 
The  will,  as  is  shown  by  chap,  xxxi.,  was  of 
personalty,  amounting  to  three  thousand 


pounds  and  existing  in  one  diocese.  Dickens 
states  that  probate  was  granted  at  Doctors* 
Commons.  Surely,  it  would  have  been 
granted  at  a  provincial  registry. 

In  the  same  work,  in  chap,  xlv.,  Dickens 
has  two  instances  of  a  peculiarity  of  style, 
used  by  him  in  passages  purporting  to  be 
solemn  or  pathetio.  It  consists  of  a  treble 
protasis  with  treble  repetition  of  the  initial 
words,  the  third  protasis  being  disjunctive 
and  the  words  of  desire  being  contained  in 
a  short  apodosis. 

Thus,  that  irritating  super,  TVlrs.  Strong, 
when  explaining  to  her  imbecile  husband 
her  failure  to  commit  adultery,  says  :  — 

"  If  I  have  any  friend  here,  who  can  speak  one 
word  for  me,  or  etc.  ;  if  I  have  any  friend  who  can 
give  a  voice  to  any  suspicion  that,  etc. ;  if  I  have 
any  friend  here,  who  honours  my  husband,  or  etc., 
I  implore  that  friend  to  speak." 

Curiously  enough,  this  style  is  feminine. 
I  have  observed  it  in  the  addresses  of 
married  ladies,  who  catch  their  breath  at 
each  protasis  and  repeat  themselves  to 
prevent  the  interjection  of  remark  or 
remonstrance  by  their  spouses,  or  possibly 
to  gain  time,  wherein  to  formulate  a  false 
accusation  in  a  plausible  shape.  But  I  have 
never  observed  the  adaptation  of  this 
very  artificial  form  to  pathos.  A  woman, 
in  real  sorrow  will  often,  even  in  the  pre- 
sence of  observers,  manifest  herself  naturally, 
mal(/re  novelists. 

MARGARET  WHITEBROOK. 

"  PRO  PELLE  CUTEM  "  (12  S.  v.  93,  132).— 
I  have  little  doubt  that  the  Hudson's  Bay 
motto  is  a  perversion  of  Juvenal,  Sat.  X.  192, 
"  pro  cute  pellem."  Cutis  is  the  skin  of  the 
living  animal,  pdlis  of  the  dead.  They 
probably  knew  more  about  Juvenal  than 
about  Job  in  the  Vulgate  in  those  days. 

R.  H.  B.  BOTTOM. 
Highgate. 

ANTHONY  TODD,  SECRETARY  OF  THE 
G.P.O.  (12  S.  iv.  11,  114;  v.  104).— The 
late  Rev.  C.  B.  Norcliffe  in  his  privately 
printed  account  of  '  Robinson  of  White 
House,  Appleby,'  1874,  states  that  :  — 

"  Anthony  Todd  was,  I  believe,  son  of  Anthony 
Todd,  Esq.  who  died  15th  November.  1767,  and 
who  was  sprung  from  the  parish  of  Wolsingham, 
co.  Durham  He  had  issue  Charlotte,  Ann  (bap- 
tised 7th  April,  1765).  who  both  died  young,  and 
Eleanor,  who  married  15th  August,  1782,  James, 
Viscount  Maitland,  eighth  Earl  of  Lauderdale.' 
After  giving  particulars  of  the  family  of  the 
latter  Mr.  Norcliffe  proceeds  :  — 

"  Truth  compels  us  to  declare  that  no  reliance 
whatever  can  be  placed  on  parts  of  the  account  in 
Sir  B.  Burke's  Peerage  of  the  family  of  Sir  Lionel 


12  S.  V.  JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


165 


Eldred  Smith.  Anthony  Todd  did  not  marry  Eleanor 
Smith,  nor  John  Robinson,  M.P.,  Elizabeth  Smith, 
as  there  stated ;  and  although  uncle  and  nephew 
do  sometimes  marry  two  sisters,  they  do  not  die  at 
an  interval  of  sixty  years." 

Mr.  Norcliffe  was  an.  eminent  genealogist 
and  he.  informed  me  that  the  Rev.  H.  J. 
Todd,  who  edited  Dr.  Johnson's  Dictionary, 
was  a  relative  of  his.  Therefore  the  Rev. 
H.  J.  Todd  would  be  a  descendant  of 
Anthony  Todd.  G.  D.  LTJMB. 

Leeds. 

ANGUISH  STREET:  "SCORES"  (12  S. 
v.  122). — J.  R.  H.  is  clearly  mistaken. 
Anguish  Street  has  no  such  intriguing  deri- 
vation as  he  imagines,  but  the  commonplace 
one  of  having  been  named  from  the  Anguish 
family  of  Somerleyton,  who  held  the  manor 
of  Lowest  oft  with  other  manors  adjacent 
in  the  hundred  of  Lothing,  Suffolk,  in  the 
eighteenth  and  early  nineteenth  centuries. 
The  street  is  a  merely  modern  compliment 
to  a  very  prosaic  memory. 

"  Scores "  is  still  a  general  term  in 
Norfolk  and  Suffolk  for  the  deep  narrow 
indentations  in  a  hillside. 

The  gangways  to  the  sea  and  to  the 
marshes  by  the  sides  of  the  rivers  Ore  and 
Deben  in  Suffolk  are  often  called  "  scores  "  — 
hence  the  term  as  applied  to  the  steep  lanes 
running  down  to  the  seacoast  at  Lowestoft. 
I  hazard  the  suggestion  that  the  word  is 
Norse  in  origin.  H.  W.  B.  A^AYMAN. 

I  do  not  suppose  that  the  "  wives  and 
mithers  '  maist  despairin'  "  of  Lowestoft 
have  been  accustomed  to  speak  of  "  anguish," 
or  believe  that  the  street  mentioned  by 
your  correspondent  was  called  after  their 
emotion.  I  suspect  that  the  name  imports 
narrow  street.  Elsewhere  than  at  Lowes- 
toft a  "  score "  denotes,  as  the  '  E.D.D.' 
assures  us,  "  a  vertical  indentation  in  a  hill, 
a  gangway  down  a  cliff,"  and  so  forth  : 
roughly  speaking  a  score  is  a  mark,  a  track, 
a  dividing  line  or  lines.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

In  St.  Andrews,  Fife,  there  is  what — 
though  now  a  street — was  within  my 
memory  a  roughish  pathway  ;  but  it  still 
goes  under  the  name  of  "  The  Scores." 
This  runs  parallel  to,  and  within  a  few  yards 
of,  the  cliffs  which  are  washed  by  the  North 
Sea.  There  appears  to  be  little  or  no 
doubt  that  this  name  is  a  corruption  of  the 
old  Scottish  word  "  scaur  "  or  "  scar  " 
vide  Jamieson's  '  Scottish  Dictionary '  — 
"  a  cliff  "  or  "a  bare  place  on  the  side  of  a 
steep  hill,  from  which  the  sward  has  been 
washed  down  by  rains." 


What  may  further  corroborate '  this  ex- 
planation is  that  this  road  probably  co- 
incides with  the  50-feet  Beach  Terrace  of 
geologists,  while  to  the  immediate  south 
of  the  city  are  still  well  shown  two  of  the 
higher  sea  Beach  Terraces. 

ALEX.  THOMS. 

7  Playfeir  Terrace,  St.  Andrews,  Fife. 

A  favourite  promenade  in  Irvine  was 
styled  the  "  High  Score."  It  extended 
from  the  north  port  or  gate  to  the  old 
harbour  and  shore.  In  1646-7,  when,  during 
the  plague,  Glasgow  University  classes  were 
temporarily  removed  to  Irvine,  the  "  High 
Score  "  was  the  favourite  walk  of  the  red- 
gowned  students.  A  part  of  the  same  walk 
was  called  the  "  Low  Score."  The  name  is 
now  known  only  to  the  very  oldest  in- 
habitants. Prof.  Skeat  gives  the  name  as 
of  Scandinavian  origin,  meaning  "  a  gang- 
way down  to  the  sea-shore."  Another 
local  name  of  like  origin  is  "  Halfway  "  — 
haaf  meaning  the  open  sea. 

R.  M.  HOGG. 

Irvine. 

'  [CoL.  FYMVIORE  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

GEORGE  BORROW  (12  S.  iv.  242,  311).— 
To  the  authorities  already  indicated  may 
profitably  be  added  '  In  the  Footsteps  of 
Borrow  and  Fit z Gerald,'  by  Morley  Adams. 
The  book  was  issued  by  Jarrold  &  Sons, 
but  is  (vexatiously  enough)  undated.  I 
think  I  purchased  it  (1915)  when  recently 
published.  The  Borrow  itinerary  begins 
at  p.  174  at  Lowestoft  with  a  view  of 
Sorrow's  Lodge,  Oulton,  near  the  site  of 
the  now  demolished  house  in  which  '  The 
Bible  in  Spain,'  '  Lavengro,'  and  *  The 
Romany  Rye  '  were  written.  Excellent 
photographs  of  Borrow's  House,  Willow 
Lane,  Norwich,  and  of  his  birthplace, 
Dumpling  Green,  East  Dereham,  as  also  of 
himself  in  youth  and  old  age,  further 
enhance  the  value  of  the  volume. 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

MISSEL  THRUSH  AND  MISTLETOE  SEEDS 
(12  S.  v.  98,  132).— The  earliest  extant  form 
of  the  Latin  proverb  is  that  found  in  Ser- 
vius's  commentary  on  Vergil,  '  ^neid,' 
vi.  205  (the  "  Golden  Bough "  episode). 
After  mentioning  Pliny's  account  ('Nat. 
Hist.,'  xvi.  247)  of  the  sowing  of  the  mistletoe 
by  thrushes,  the  commentator  adds  "  unde 
Plautus  '  Ipsa  eibi  avis  mortem  creat ' 
(Plautus,  '  Fragmenta,'  1.  168,  in  vol.  ii.  of 
Lindsay's  Oxford  text).  Isidorus,  Bishop 
of  Seville,  whose  '  Origines  '  was  so  popular 


166 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  g.v.  JUKE.  1919. 


-in  the  Middle  Ages,  ascribes  the  propagation. 
•  of  mistletoe  to  the  thrush  ('  Orig.'  xii.  7,71), 
with  the  remark  "  unde  et  proverbium  apud 
antiques  erat,  malum  sibi  avem  cacare." 

Erasmus  in  his  '  Adagia,'  under  "  Turdus 
ipse  sibi  malum  cacat,"  quotes  the  fragment 
of  Plautus,  arguing  that  we  should  read  the 
'last  word  as  "cacat,"  not  "  creat."  He 
does  not  notice  the  passage  of  Isidorus, 
Tjut  supports  his  emendation  by  quoting  as 
a  Greek  equivalent,  Ki^Xa  x^«  <™T>J  KO-KOV. 
Burman,  '  Virgilii  Opera,'  1746,  vol.  iii. 
p.  37,  approved  of  Erasmus's  proposal. 
A.  Otto,  who  gives  the  fragment  of  Plautus 
and  the  words  of  Isidorus  in  his  '  Sprich- 
worter  der  Romer,'  p.  52  under  Avis,  4), 
is  in  favour  of  reading  "  cacat,"*  but  the 
writer  of  the  article  Caco  in  the  *  Thesaurus 
Linguae  Latinse  '  thinks  that  while  Plautus 
is  alluding  to  the  proverb  which  Isidorus 
cites  he  avoids  the  word  "eacat." 

Otto  has  no  quotation  for  the  form 
'*  Turdus  ipse  sibi  malum  cacat,"  which 
is  possibly  a  later  development,  based 
on  the  passages  in  Servius  and  Isidorus. 
Neither  does  he  mention  the  Greek  form 
of  the  saying  produced  by  Erasmus.  The 
*  Adagia,'  though  an  indispensable  book, 
must  be  used  with  caution. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

"DAVERDY"  (12  S.  v.  11).— I  do  not 
know  the  word  "  daverdy  "  as  applied  to 
brown,  but  I  have  heard  in  this  county  of 
Durham  the  word  "  verdy -brown  "  applied 
to  a  greenish  brown,  or  faded  coat  or  dress. 
J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

THE  SWIN-  (12  S.  v.  95,  130).— Swin  is 
from  svinnr  (Icelandic),  meaning  swift  ; 
therefore  a  swiffc-running  channel  or  stream. 
See  '  Icelandic  Dictionary,'  Cleasby  and 
Vigfusson,  p.  611,  and  list  of  British  river- 
names  at  end  of  book. 

Streatfeild  in  his  '  Lincolnshire  and  the 
Danes,'  p.  194,  refers  to  Swin  water — Aqua 
de  Swin  (Hundred  Rolls). 

ALEX.  G.  MOFFAT. 

"  RAIN  CATS  AND  DOGS  "  (12  S.  iv.  328  ; 
v.  108). — I  think  I  have  read  somewhere  that 
this  phrase  is  a  corruption  of  tempo  cattivo 
(bad  weather),  and  that  it  was  introduced 
into  England  by  Nehon's  sailors  who  had 
served  in  Italian  waters. 

FREDERIC  D.  HARPORD. 


*  Both  Otto,  op.  tit.,  and  Prof.  Lindsay  in  his 
edition  of  Plautus,  nass  over  Erasmus  and  ascribe 
the  emendation  to  Burman. 


THE  '  NEW  ENGLISH  DICTIONARY  '  : 
CHANGES  IN  ACCENTUATION  (12  S.  v.  32, 
105,  137). — Milton  has  in' finite  many  times, 
usually  at  the  end  of  a  line.  In  *  Paradise 
Lost,'  v.  874,  he  has  :  — 
Hoarse  murmur  echoed  to  his  words  applause 

Through  the  infinite  host.    Nor  less  for  that 

where  my  ear  certainly  requires  a  heavy 
middle  syllable.  How  does  he  stress  the 
word  infamous  ?  '  N.E.D/  says  that  in- 
fa'mous  was  usual  up  to  1730,  but  that  Milton 
has  in'famous.  I  suppose  the  reference  is 
to  '  Samson,'  417  :  — 

Unmanly,  ignominious,  infamous, 
for    '  Comus,'    424,   is   inconclusive,   as   the 
word  begins  the  line  ;  arid  in  '  On  the  Death 
of  a  Fair  Infant,' 

Thereby  to  wipe  away  the  infamous  blot, 
one  would  naturally  read  infa'mous.     Is  it 
not  possible  to  adopt  the  same  stress  in  the 
line  from  '  Samson,'  by  giving  full  value  to 
all  the  syllables  of  ignominious  ? 

G.  G.  L. 

To  AD- JUICE  (12  S.  v.  70,  103).— A  page 
on  '  Venins  de  crapauds  et  de  salamandres  ' 
is  given  in  G.  Roederer's  '  Venins  animaux  ' 
(Bulletin  des  Sciences  Pharmacologiques,  1916, 
xxiii.  300—304).  Additional  items  from 
recent  French  scientific  journals  are  readily 
accessible,  but  there  is  so  much  unreasonable 
reluctance  regarding  toads  that  the  above 
may  suffice  here.  ROCKINGHAM. 

Boston,  Moss. 

W.  H.  ARNOLD  (12  S.  v.  126)  seems  to 
refer  to  Samuel  James  Arnold,  of  whom  an 
account  is  given  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  where  his 
date  is  1774-1852.  R.  H.  B.  BOTTOM. 

GRAVES  PLANTED  WITH  FLOWERS  (12  S. 
v.  15). — The  custom  of  planting  flowers  on 
graves  is  an  old  one.  Wm.  Tegg  in  '  The 
Last  Act :  being  the  Funeral  Rites  of  Nations 
and  Individuals  '  (1876),  says  :  — 

"The  custom  of  decorating  grave-;. was  once 
universally  prevalent :  osiers  were  carefully  bent 
over  them  to  keep  the  turf  uninjured,  and  about 
them  were  planted  evergreens  and  flowers." 

The  following  extract  shows  that  the 
custom  was  far  older  than  the  time  of  Mrs. 
Piozzi's  tour  :  — 

"  We  adorn  their  graves  with  flowers  and 
redolent  plants,  just  emblems  of  the  life  of  man, 
which  has  been  compared  in  Holy  Scriptures  to 
those  fading  beauties,  whose  roots,  being  buried 
in  dishonour,  rise  again  in  glory." — Evelyn's 
'  Sylva  '  (1664). 

Aubrey  (1626-97),  in  his  'Miscellanies,' 
records  the  custom  at  Oakley,  in  Surrey,  of 
planting  rose-trees  on  the  grave 3  of  lovers 
by  the  survivors.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 


12  S.  V.JUNE,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


167 


BURT,  MINIATURE  PAINTER  (12  S.  iv.  47, 
115,  194). — Birmingham  can  be  added  to 
the  list  of  towns  in  which  Albin  K.  Burl: 
painted  miniatures.  I  removed  the  oval 
glass  and  card  from  the  red-leather  case  ; 
on  the  back  of  the  card  is  written  in  ink  : 
"  Painted  by  |  A.  K  Burt  |  Birmingham." 
HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

BADULLA,  CEYLON  :  TOMBSTONE  INSCRIP- 
TION (12  S.  v.  37,  78).— I  should  have  men- 
tioned in  my  reply  that  an  illustration  of 
Mrs.  Wilson's  tombstone,  reproduced  from 
a  photograph,  appeared  some  years  ago  in 
The  Strand  Magazine  ;  but  I  am  unable 
just  now  to  give  the  date. 

PENRY   LEWIS. 

HERVEY  OR  HERVET  (12  S.  v.  95).- — 
This  surname  is  probably  of  continental 
origin,  the  Norman  Herve  being  cognate 
with  German  Herwegh— -a  recent  poet's 
name — from  kere-wic,  army  dwelling,  or 
encampment.  Hence  we  get  Hervey,  Har- 
vey, Hervot,  Hervet,  &c.  Hervot,  Hervet, 
Hervit,  are  doubtless  diminutives,  as  Pierrot 
is  from  Pierre.  N.  W.  HILL. 


'Corn  from  Olde  Fieldes:  an  Anthology  of  English 
Poems  from  the  Fourteenth  to  the  Seventeenth 
Century.  By  Eleanor  M.  Brougham.  (Lane, 
7*.  6d.  net.) 

THE  making  of  an  Anthology  forms  a  delightful 
occupation,  and  it  is  surely  as  much  to  that  fact 
as  to  any  other  that  we  may  impute  the  astonishing 
number  of  these  collections.  Miss  Brougham's 
field  of  search  lies,  as  a  whole,  so  far  behind  us, 
that  anything  whatsoever  culled  from  it  possesses 
some  interest,  were  it  only  through  that  quality  of 
**  quaintness "  which  time  has  imparted  to  it.  If 
this  volume  gives  pleasure  to  the  reader — as  it 
certainly  does — it  must  have  given  tenfold  greater 
pleasure  to  the  compiler.  In  fact,  it  may  be  said 
that  this  pleasure  has  caused,  now  and  again,  too 
facile  and  indiscriminating  an  admiration.  Most 
•of  the  really  admirable  things  here  are  well  known 
and  fairly  easily  accessible.  The  hitherto  almost 
unknown  pieces — the  bulk  of  the  book — if  they 
had  not  the  charm  of  age,  would,  in  many  cases, 
no  more  than  bear  comparison  with  the  good 
magazine  verse  of  to-day,  and  would,  in  some  cases, 
not  even  so  far  hold  their  own. 

It  is,  however,  quite  unfair  to  approach  this 
pleasant  compilation  in  the  spirit  which  criticism 
of  that  sort  implies.  One  should  rather  dip  into 
it,  or  go  through  it,  in  the  mood  and  with  the 
expectations  which  one  brings  to  a  survey  of  old 
family  letters  and  photographs,  bits  of  china, 
plate  or  furniture,  good  and  solid  and  desirable 
•enough  to  have  descended  through  several  genera- 
tions, but  not  works  of  genius  or  proper  for  a 
museum.  They  have  something  in  them  that 
thrills ;  but  it  is  not  their  intrinsic  value.  It  is, 


actually,  the  fact  of  their  being  not  choice,  not 
rare,  not  linked  with  startling  histories,  but,  at 
their  own  date,  ordinary— a  part  of  the  neat  and 
comely  banality  of  life,  whose  function  was  rather 
to  make  going  easy  than  to  arrest — it  is  this  itself 
which  thrills.  Now,  in  every  generation,  a  certain 
amount  of  verse  is  part  of  the  same  scheme. 
Each  period  fashions  its  own  to  its  liking,  just  as 
it  varies  the  patterns  on  its  china,  and  the  outlines 
of  its  chairs  and  tables.  So  much  of  it  as  becomes 
commonplace  gets  to  itself  a  peculiar  significance, 
in  virtue  of  that  very  commonplaceness,  a  worth 
and  significance  different,  and  differently  to  be 
judged,  from  the  worth  of  classical  achievements 
which  live  on  in  their  own  right.  This  is  the  kind 
of  verse  which  has  here  been  brought  together,  so 
far  as  the  chief  portion  of  the  book  is  concerned, 
and  it  is  by  realizing,  first  of  all,  its  true  quality 
that  it  can  best  be  enjoyed. 

The  poems  chosen  are  grouped  under  the  head- 
ings "Religion,"  "Love,"  "Death,"  with  a ''Mis- 
cellany "  at  the  end.  The  topics  are  much  the 
same  frcm  one  century  to  another— the  earlier 
having  the  advantage  in  directness,  the  latter  in 
developed  imagination.  The  compiler  supplies 
short  biographical  notes,  which,  when  they  deal 
with  writers  like  Herbert,  Vaughan,  and  Crashaw, 
seem  a  little  too  crude  and  slight  even  for  their 
necessarily  small  compass,but  are  good  and  sufficient 
when  it  comes  to  dealing  with  the  several  "  mini- 
mus "  poets  whose  effusions  are  brought  before  us. 

Antiquaries  and  students  of  literature  will  find 
matter  of  interest  here ;  but  we  would  recommend 
the  book  principally  to  the  average  person  who 
cares  for  poetry — and  riot  for  great  poetry  only, 
but  for  the  current  expression  in  verse  of  every- 
body's ideas.  Things  made  with  the  straight- 
forward simplicity  and  artless  pleasure  in  the 
making  which  characterize  most  of  these  produc- 
tions hardly  seem  a  matter  for  learned  comment ; 
hardly  can  become  so  merely  by  being  old.  We 
hope  this  collection  will  have  a  fate  uncommon 
among  books  drawn  from  bygone  times— that  of 
being  taken  as  it  stands  and  enjoyed  without  more 
than  a  casual  reference  to  the  questions  of  scholar- 
ship with  which  it  is  connected. 

The  Story  of  Doctor  Johnson  :  being  an  Introduction 
to  BoswelVs  Life.  By  S.  C.  Roberts.  (Cam- 
bridge, University  Press,  4s.  6d.  net.) 

BOSWEIX'S  '  Life  of  Johnson  '  is,  as  Mr.  Roberts 
remarks  in  his  Preface,  "  a  long  and,  outwardly, 
formidable  work,"  neglected  by  many  who  might 
enjoy  it.  Here  is  an  excellent  introduction  to  it, 
full  of  plums,  and  attractively  illustrated  with 
contemporary  portraits  and  views.  Mr.  Roberts 
— a  member,  we  believe,  of  the  staff  of  the  Uni- 
versity Press  before  he  went  to  the  War — is 
evidently  a  lover  of  Johnson  and  Boswell,  and  has 
used  with,  skill  to  fill  out  his  picture  other  memoirs 
concerning  the  great  literary  dictator.  His 
choice  of  passages  from  Boswell  is  admirable,  and 
his  sketches  of  Johnson's  chief  friends  are  always 
judicious.  Sometimes  we  wish  to  emphasize  a 
point  he  has  hinted,  or  to  give  more  detail,  as  in 
his  sketch  of  Johnson  as  "  The  True-Born 
Englishman."  This  would,  however,  be  taking 
the  standpoint  of  a  Boswellian  rather  than  of  an 
introducer,  who  cannot  be  expected  or  desired  to 
say  everything  that  matters.  '  The  Tour  to  the 
Hebrides  '  has,  quite  rightly,  a  chapter  to  itself. 
We  wonder  how  many  people  know  that  Johnson 


168 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JUNE,  1919. 


wrote  a  memoir  concerning  this  journey  as  well  as 
Boswell.  Mr.  Roberts  has  been  hampered  by  the 
exigencies  of  war  in  preparing  his  book,  but  he  is 
well  equipped  in  all  essentials. 

His  '  Bibliographical  Note  '  at  the  end  is  really 
useful.  Johnson's  Collected  Works,  as  he  says, 
are  easily  obtainable  secondhand,  and,  we  may 
add,  at  a  very  moderate  price.  Macaulay's  and 
Carlyle's  essays  must,  we  suppose,  be  mentioned, 
but  neither  of  them  is  first-rate.  Besides  Sir 
Leslie  Stephen's  volume  in  the  "  English  Mon  of 
Letters,"  there  is  an  excellent  paper  in  his  '  Hours 
in  a  Library  '  ;  and  the  University  Press  itself 
has  published  in  Jebb's  '  Essays  and  Addresses  ' 
a  delightful  paper  on  Johnson.  We  rather  wish 
that,  when  he  was  mentioning  the  house  in  Gough 
Square,  Mr.  Roberts  had  added  that  it  has  been 
well  repaired,  and  is  now  a  Johnson  Museum  full 
of  interesting  things.  Mr.  W.  P.  Courtney's 
'  Johnson  Bibliography,'  1915,  is  authoritative, 
and  a  very  thoroiigh  piece  of  work  which  every 
student  should  know. 


BOOKSELLERS'    CATALOGUES. 

MR.  P.  M.  BARNARD  sends  from  Tunbridge 
Wells  two  catalogues,  117  and  118.  The  former 
contains  tracts,  broadsides,  proclamations,  &c., 
and  its  79U  entries  afford  many  side-lights  upon 
English  history,  beginning  with  Anthony  Rush's 
'  A  President  for  a  Prince,'  1566  (12*.  (3d.),  and 
ending  with  a  form  of  prayer  and  thanksgiving  for 
Nelson's  victory  at  Trafalgar  (5s.  6(/.).  The  fluctu- 
ations of  the  struggle  between  Charles  I.  and  the 
Parliament,  the  restoration  of  Charles  II.,  the  Popish 
Plot,  and  the  murder  of  Sir  Edmund  Berry  Godfrey 
receive  many  illustrations,  along  with  topics  of  such 
present-day  interest  as  the  regulation  of  the  price 
of  coal  and  the  production  of  butter.  Highway 
robberies  are  also  much  in  evidence,  while  on  the 
other  side  is  Henry  Fielding  s  '  Enquiry  into  the 
Causes  of  the  late  Increase  of  Robbers,  &c.,  with 
some  proposals  for  remedying  this  Growing  Evil,' 
first  edition,  1751  (12*.  Qd.). 

Catalogue  118  is  devoted  to  'Rare  and  Interest- 
ing Books  and  Autographs.'  The  comments  on  the 
second  entry,  '  Historia  Alexandri  magni  regis 
macedonie  de  preliis,'  printed  Nov.  16,  1490(8Z.)i 
probably  in  Southern  France,  form  a  good  illustra- 
tion of  Mr.  Barnard's  knowledge  of  early  typo- 
graphy. The  notes  on  the  pattern  of  the  original 
binding  of  a  copy  of  '  Eikon  Basilike.'  1R48, 
recently  belonging  to  H.  B.  Wheatley  (121.  12s.), 
also  show  keen  observation.  Thomas  Hearne's 
copy  of  Boece's  '  Hystory  and  Croniklis  of  Scot- 
land,' folio,  1536,  is  40Z.  Under  Milton  is  '  Parlia- 

menti    Anglia3     Declaratio Mensis   Martii   22°, 

Anno  1648  [1649],'  with  an  English  translation 
published  the  same  day  (10Z.).  Mr.  Barnard  makes 
the  suggestion  that  the  Latin  is  the  original,  and 
is  the  work  of  Milton.  In  the  section  'Auto- 
graphs and  Documents'  are  a  collection  of  100 
autograph  letters  of  nineteenth-century  artists 
(15Z.)  and  a  document  signed  and  sealed  by  the 
Bastard  of  Orleans,  Aug.  27,  1438  (251.). 

MR.  J.  S.  BILLINGHAM.  of  Marefair,  Northamp- 
ton, includes  in  his  Catalogue  94  Billings's 
'  Baronial  and  Ecclesiastical  Antiquities  of  Scot- 
land,' 4  vols.  4to,  calf  gilt,  1846-52,  31.  3s.  ; 
*  The  Order  of  Chivalry,'  4to,  vellum,  printed  by 
Morris  at  the  Kelmscott  Press,  1893,  61.  6s.  ; 


and  '  The  Bookworm,'  7  vols.,  wrappers,  1887-93 
15s.  6d.  Among  topographical  works  are  R.  W 
Proctor's  '  Memorials  of  Bygone  Manchester, 
1880,  and  '  Memorials  of  Manchester  Stieets, 
3  874,  5,?.  6d.  each  ;  Cruden's  '  History  of  Graves 
end,'  1843,  8s.  6d.  :  Park's  'Topography  o 
Hampstead,'  4to,  1F14,  21.  ;  and  Barnes'; 
'  Records  of  Hampstead,'  1890,  la.  Qd. 

MR.  E.  BRIGGS,  of  Lawrence  Avenue,  Mano 
Park,  E.12,  sends  a  four-page  Trade  List  of  Books 
Among  the  works  he  offers  are  Bewick's  '  Histor 
of  British  Birds,'  8vo,  2  vols.,  1805,  II.  10s. 
Jakobsen's  '  Dialect  and  Place  Names  of  Shetland 
1897,  2s.  6d.  ;  and  a  folio  Bible  in  Dutch,  with  th 
Apocrypha,  black-letter,  Leyden,  1637,  51. 

MR.  D.  W.  EDWARDS,  of  Bishop  Lane  Staithe 
Hull,  sends  his  Rough  Catalogue  of  Second-Ham 
Books,  no.  17.  This  includes  a  number  of  chap 
books,  local  pamphlets,  and  works  relating  t 
Hull  and  York.  The  prices  are  very  modesl 
many  of  the  pieces  catalogued  being  only  ; 
shilling  or  eighteenpence. 

MESSRS.  GT,AISHER'S  May  Catalogue  (435 
contains  Publishers'  Remainders.  Thus  Mari 
Corelli's  'Free  Opinions  Freely  Expressed ''ma 
now  be  had  for  2s.  3d.,  and  a  memoir  of  Ouida 
illustrated  with  12  plates,  for  3s.  9d.  Othe 
biographies  are  Ryan's  '  Queen  Jeanne  c 
Navarre  '  (5s.  6d.)  ;  Violette  Montagu's  '  Eugen 
de  Beauharnais  :  the  Adopted  Son  of  Napoleon 
(3s.  Qd.),  and  two  works  by  the  Count  de  Soisson 
— '  The  Seven  Richest  Heiresses  of  France  '  (3s, 
and  '  Six  Great  Princesses  '  (4s.).  All  ar 
liberally  illustrated. 

MR.  G.  A.  POYNDER  of  Reading  devotes  hi 
Spring  Catalogue  (77)  to  Miscellaneous  Books 
including  a  number  of  first  editions  of  moder 
authors.  Among  the  general  books  may  t 
named  the  'Keepsake'  for  1834  (5s.)  and  tha 
for  1835  (4s.  6d.)  ;  Pearson's  '  Banbury  Chaj 
books  and  Nursery  Toybook  Literature  of  th 
Eighteenth  and  Early  Nineteenth  Centuries 
with  impressions  of  several  hundred  woodblocl 
by  Bewick,  Blake,  and  Cruikshank  (17s.  6d.) 
and  Straus's  life  of  Robert  Dodsley  the  publish< 
(6s.).  Grose's  '  Antiquities  of  England  and  Wales 
with  the  supplement  for  Scotland,  togeth< 
6  vols.  folio,  1775-89,  is  3Z.  10s.  ;  and  Lysons 
'  Magna  Britannia,'  6  vols.  quarto,  half  russi 
4Z.  4s.  There  are  several  works  under  Heraldry 


to 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  nan 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  pu 
lication,  but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privatel 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answe 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  quen 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  ''ah 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means 
disposing  of  them. 

CORRESPONDENTS  who  send  letters  to  be  forward' 
to  other  contributors  should  put  on  the  top  lei 
hand  corner  of  their  envelopes  the  number  of  ti 
page  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  to  which  their  letters  refer, 
that  the  contributor  may  be  readily  identified. 

BROADSTAIRS.  —  Forwarded  to  M.  ESPOSITO. 

W.  H.  W.,  Chiswick.  —  Forwarded  to  querist. 


12  S.  V.JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


169 


LONDON,  JULY,  1919 


C  0  N  T  E  N  T  S.  —  No.  94. 

NOTES  :— Aliens  in  Maidstone  in  1567.  169— De  Miners 
Family,  170— A  Reverie  in  Old  Ratcliffe,  171— Boutell's 
Punning  Catalogue  of  Painting  and  Sculpture,  173— 
Inscriptions  in  St.  James's  Church,  Sydney— The  Greek 
Flag,  174— Tanks  (Military)— Literature  and  Iconography 
of  London  Peace  Celebrations,  175— Knox's  'Spirit  oj 
Despotism  "—Sir  Nicholas  Bagnal  and  the  Earls  of 

TTilwut*.^*?       TJ/ic-TTT^lTa     *    T/tVinarkYi  *  .      a      flnrrant.irm **  "V 


Kilmorey— Boswell's  '  Johnson  ' :  a  Correction—"  Non- 
naturals,"  176—  "Sniffle-shuffle"— "  Let  the  weakest  go 
to  the  wall  "—Defoe  and  Alexander  Selkirk— Monuments 
in  Sydney —  Heredity  :  Long  Hair,  177 —  East,  Anglian 
Characters  and  Characteristics— "Tamasha,"  178. 
QUERIES  :— Proclamation  Stones,  178— William  Hoorde 
—Byron's  'Don  Juan'— Harvard  University:  Thomas 
Shepard,  179—"  As  jolly  as  sandboys" — Durrow  Castle — 
Miss  Helen  Maria  Williams— Morbus  Anglicus— General 
John  Nicholson— Sir  Thomas  Colby — Heraldic  :  Woolmer, 
Liphook,  Hants  —  Bowshot :  the  Longest  —  Jeremiah 
Wainewright,  180— Fish-yard— Fenner  Family— Boulogne : 
Registers  and  Epitaphs— The  Million  Bank— Blackman 
and  Sampson  Families — "Thunder" — Breslau — Thames 
Tunnels,  Bibliography,  181  —  Miss  Sarah  Fielding - 
"  Boche"  :  "Snob  "  —  Menor  Records  —  Garrett,  Por- 
tuguese Poet — •'Abdolla"— Charles  I.  :  his  Journey  from 
Oxford  to  .-outhwell— Berkshire  Inscriptions— Norfolk 
Manuscripts — Barnard  or  Bernard,  182— Devonian  Priests 
executed— Society  for  Preserving  Memorials  of  Dead  in 
Ireland— Fund  for  Preserving  Memorials  of  Dead  in 
Ireland— Etchings  by  T.  Parker— Authors  Wanted,  183. 

REPLIES :  — Kent  Family  of  Winchester  and  Reading, 
183  —  Devils  Blowing  Horns  or  Trumpets,  186  — 
Dickens's  Topographical  Ships  —  Southey's  Contribu- 
tions to  'The  Critical  Review,'  187  —  Scotchman's  Post 
—Riddle  by  George  Selwyn  —  Philadelphia  Link  with 
London  —  Bishop  Dawson  of  Clonfert,  188  —  Classical 
Parallelisms  to  the  War— Forgotten  Writers— Kellond 
Surname— Tilly  Kettle— Hervev  or  Hervet,  189 -James 
Cockle,  of  Cockle's  Pills-Sir  Charles  William  Taylor.  Bt. 
— St.  Alkelda,  190— Exchange  of  Souls  in  Fiction,  191  — 
Bibliography  of  Kpitaphs  —  "Flummery  "  —  "  Ronier  " 
— Months— Tower  of  London  :  Yeoman  of  the  Guard  and 
Tower  Warders,  192 — Shakespeare  and  the  Garden — 
Morlands  and  Newcomes — Labour-in- Vain  Street,  Shad- 
well— Inscriptions  in  St.  John  the  Evangelist's,  Waterloo 
Road— The  Ant-bear  and  the  Tortoise,  193— "Get  the 
needle  "— May— Folk-Lore  :  Red  Hair— Anguish  Street : 
"  Scores  "  —  "  Penniles  B^nch,"  194  —  War  Slang  —  Dis- 
coveries in  Coins— Pitt  and  Dundas  at  New  Cross,  195. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  The  War  of  Chupas'— The  Book  of 
Duarte  Barbosa '— '  Selections  from  James  Boswell's  Life 
of  Samuel  Johnson.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues.        Notices  to  Correspondents. 


ALIENS  IN  MAIDSTONE  IN  1567. 

THE  following  documents  should  be  read 
in  conjunction  with  Dr.  Cunningham's 
'  Alien  Emigrants  to  England,'  pp.  149-50. 
London  and  Southwark  appear  to  have 
been  somewhat  surfeited  with  foreigners  at 
this  period,  and  Maidstone  here  claims  her 
share  of  the  surplus  population.  As  regards 
the  new  industries  to  be  introduced,  a 
monopoly  of  Spanish  leather  had  been 
granted  in  1565,  so  either  there  was  im- 
pending infringement,  or  the  new  residents 
were  working  under  the  patent  in  question. 


Frisados,"  earthen  pots,  armour,  and 
paper  formed  the  subjects  of  subsequent 
patents.  "  Dottenye  "  appears  as  "  Dot- 
tegnye  "  in  the  Huguenot  Society's  publica- 
tion viii. 

The  first  is  from  the  State  Papers 
Domestic,  Elizabeth,  vol.  4?,  no.  19,  June, 
1567  :  — 

To  the  Queries  moste  excellent  Matic 
Pleaseth  yor  highnes  at  the  humble  sute  of  yor 
obedient  Subiects  the  Maior,  Juratts  and  Comln- 
altie  of  yor  Mate  Towne  and  p'isshe  oi  All  Seynts 
of  Maydeston  in  yor  Countie  of  Kent  to  graunte 
to  them  yor  gracious  licens  by  yor  Mate  letters 
pattents  to  be  made  in  due  forme  of  the  lawe  for 
the  receipts  and  placynge  wthin  the  same  towne 
of  this  nomber  of  threscore  families  of  the 
straungers  peregrines  and  artificers  of  the  severall 
faculties  and  misteries  hereunder  mencioned. 
And  yor  said  humble  subiects  accordinge  to  their 
most  bounden  dueties  shall  contynually  prey  to 
God  for  the  prosperous  Raign  of  yor  highnes 
longe  to  endure. 

Makers  of 

Saies  Tykes  for  fetherbeddes 

Mockados  Arras  and  Tapissary 

Grograyne  Chamletts       Spanish  lether 
Russetts  Flaunde 


Chamlett=< 
Wevers  of  diaper 
Damaske  and 
Lynnen  Clothe 
Sackclothe 
Stametts 
Baies 
Frisados 


Flaunders  potts 
Paving  tyle  and  bricke 
Brasiers 
White  and 
browne  paper 
Corsetts  and 
hedde  peces  and 
all  kynde  of  Armor 
Gonne  pouther 


Flaunders  wollen  clothe 

And  many  other  Artes  and  Sciences  -wch    are 
not   there   knowen   beinge   bothe   necessary   and 
profitable  for  the  common  wealthe. 
[Endorsed  :  ]  The  maior  &  jurats  of  Maydstone 
for   licence    to    receave    30    housholders    of 
Straungers  crafts  men  into  theyr  towne. 

The  other  is  an  extract  from  Patent  Roll 
9  Eliz.,  part  4,  no.  1033  :  — 
Elizabeth,  by  the  grace  of  God  [&c.]. 

Know  ye  that  for  divers  especiall  considerations 
as  well  for  the  helpe,  repair  and  amendment  of 
our  towne  of  Maidston  in  our  County  of  Kent, 
by  placing  in  the  same  men  of  knowledge  in 
sondrye  handy  crafts  as  also  for  the  relief  and 
convenient  placing  of  certaine  Duchemen  aliens 
nowe  residing  within  our  Citie  of  London  and 
ells  where,  within  our  realme  of  England,  being 
very  skilfull  in  divers  Arts,  occupacions,  handy- 
crafts  and  faculties  which  may  tende  to  tne 
cominoditie  of  our  Realme,  We  of  our  especiall 
grace  do  grant  and  licence  by  these  presents, 
power  free  libertie  and  authoritie  unto  Our 
wellbeloved  the  Maior,  Jurats  and  Commonaltye 
of  our  towne  and  parish  of  All  Saints  of  Maideston 
aforesaid,  and  to  Michael  of  Orly,  arrace-worker, 
Thilip  Velemyncke,  weaver,  Anthony  de  Scyeter, 
Ferdinand  Dottenye,  and  to  suche  other  of  the 
said  alyens  borne  being  Duciie  and  not  denizens 
and  having  knowledge  of  the  several  occupacions, 
artes,  handycrafts  and  faculties  hereafter  ex- 
pressed as  shall  extend  in  the  whole  to  the 


170 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JULY,  1919. 


number  of  thirty  householders  of  the  said  Duche- 
men  Aliens,  and  who  shall  be  allowed  from  time 
to  time  to  be  mete  for  their  profession  in  Cristen 
religion,  that  they  shall  have  and  enjoy  any 
benefice,  commoditie  or  things  which  hereafter 
in  these  premises  are  specified,  that  is  to  say, 
that  the  said  Maior  [&c.]  may  receive  and  permit 
to  be  inhabiting  within  our  towne  of  Maidston 
aforesaid  the  said  Michaell  Orly  [and  others 
above-named]  and  the  residue  of  the  said  thirty 
householders,  Duchemen  Alyens,  with  their 
servants  and  families  being  Duche  people  or 
English,  and  that  the  said  Maior  f&c.]  may 
demise,  grant  or  let  to  ferine  for  a  term  of  21  years 
or  under,  to  any  of  the  said  Duchmen  Aliens,  any 
of  the  said  messuages,  dwelling  houses,  tene- 
ments or  shops,  within  the  said  towne,  in  as 
ample  manner  as  they  may  lawfullie  do  unto  any 
of  our  liege  subjects.  And  further  the  said 
Michael  Orly,  Anthony  de  Scieter,  Ferdinand 
Dotteny  and*  the  rest  of  the  said  Duchen  Aliens, 
with  their  servants  not  excedinc:  the  uombre  of 
twelve  in  eche  of  theier  households  and  famylies, 
not  exceeding  the  number  of  thirtie  householdes  ; 
for  the  only  exerciseing  of  the  faculty  of  weaving, 
making  and  working  of  mockadott,  Chamletts, 
Grograine  Chamletts,  Russells,  Diapers,  Damaske 
and  lyning  clothes,  sackclothe,  Flanders  woollen 
cloth,  arras  and  tapissarie,  featherbedtycks, 
Spanish  lether,  Flanders  potts,  paving  tyles  and 
brike,  brasiers,  white  and  brown  paper,  corselets, 
and  all  other  kinds  of  armor  and  gonne  powder, 
or  of  any  other  arts,  may  lawfully  and  safely 
inhabit  within  the  said  towne  of  Maideston,  and 
any  of  the  wares  by  them  there  to  be  wrought,  to 
sell  in  gross  only  and  not  by  retail. 
Dated  4  November,  1567. 

E.  WYNDHI.M  HULME. 


THE    DE    MINERS    FAMILY. 
(See  ante,  pp.   16,  72,   101.) 

THE  name  of  this  family  of  landowners, 
taken  from  Les  Minieres  (Dept.  Eure), 
Normandy,  occurs  as  early  as  before  1104, 
in  the  following  connexion. 

Henry  of  Elmbridge,  with  consent  of  his 
wife  Heloise  and  their  heirs,  and  of  his  lord, 
Gilbert  de  Miners,  sold  to  Hugh  Purchas  all 
the  land  held  from  (the  manor  of)  Foxcote 
next  the  fields  of  Coberley  (i.e  ,  Little 
Cubberley,  co.  Glos.),  which  Roger  Crocton, 
and  his  son  Robert,  with  his  wife,  gave  to 
him.  The  actual  charter  gives  Roger's  name 
as  Corzon  =  Curzon.  With  it  went  the 
render  of  a  pound  of  cummin  to  the  lord  of 
Foxcote,  annually,  on  the  feast  of  St.  Oswald 
(cf.  '  Hist,  et  Cart.  S.  Petri,  Glos.,'  i.  70). 

Another  grant,  c.  1150,  by  Alexander  of 
Elmbridge,  the  son,  mentions  that  his  father 
had  received  this  land  in  marriage  with 
Heselyn,  Alexander's  mother,  so  it  is  clear 
that  her  name  was  Curzon.  That  was  in 
Abbot  Serlo's  time  (1072-1104).  This  land 


is  identified,  170  years  later,  in  Kirby's 
'  Quest,'  in  the  following  manner  :  — 

"Foxcote  is  held  by  William  Curzon  (Cresson 
for  three  portions  of  a  fee  from  the  Templars  (i.e.  of 
Quenington),  and  these,  from  the  heirs  of  De  Miners, 
and  their  heirs,  themselves,  from  the  Bishop  of 
Worcester ;  and  the  Bishop,  from  the  King ;  by 
Barony." 

The  De  Miners,  therefore,  were  tenants  some 
time  before  1104  (when  Abbot  Serlo  died) 
of  the  Bishop  of  Worcester.  The  neighbour- 
ing Colesbourne  was  held  of  the  Bishop  at 
the  same  date  by  Walter  Fitz  Roger,  ancestor 
of  the  De  Bohuns.  But  as  in  1086  one  Morin 
held  Foxcote,  and  it  consisted  of  3  hides,  it 
is  clear  that  the  De  Miners  had  succeeded,  as 
lords  there,  to  Morin.  The  Rev.  Charles  Taylor 
('  Domesday  Survey  of  Glouc.,'  p.  155) 
conjectures  that  Morin  was  connected  with 
Walter  Fitz  Roger.  To  this  I  venture  to  add 
that  Gilbert  de  Miners  was  presumably  a 
close  connexion,  and  probably  a  cousin.  We 
find  him  answering  for  the  Pleas  of  Milo  of 
Gloucester  and  Pain  Fitz  John  in  1130  (P.R.); 
and  we  have  seen  him  claiming,  as  late  as 
1127,  in  the  King's  Court,  the  manor  of 
Coin  St.  Andrew  (Roger),  which  had  be- 
longed to  Roger  de  Gloucester,  son  of 
Durand,  the  Sheriff,  who  died  of  a  wound 
in  the  head  received  at  the  siege  of  Falaise. 

In  1166  we  find  a  second  Gilbert  de 
Miners  holding  1  fee  of  the  Bishop,  still 
according  to  the  old  feoffment.  but  denying 
£th  part  of  it.  It  is  evidently  the  same 
that  his  father,  or  grandfather,  had  held  in 
Henry  I.'s  reign. 

We  may  here  note  other  connexions, 
particularly  with  Roger  de  Gloucester's 
property. 

In  1114  the  King  confirmed  to  the  monks 
of  Gloucester,  for  some  manor-land  at 
Westbury-on-Severn  which  the  late  Roger 
de  Gloucester  had  given  them,  certain  other 
land  at  Hatherley  and  at  Sandhurst.  (Cf. 
Trans.  Bristol  and  Glos.  Arch.  Soc.,  vol.  xli.) 
This  manor  without  a  name  at  Westbury 
had  belonged  to  Durand,  Roger's  father. 

It  is  noteworthy  that  we  find  Henry  II. 
granting  a  manor  at  the  same  Westbury  to 
Roger  de  Miners  for  the  service  of  one 
soar-hawk  or  xxs.  rent  per  an.  (Cf.  P.Q.W., 
a.  15  Edw.  I.,  n.  17).  Moreover,  in  1175/6 
(P.R.,  a.  22)  William  de  Miners  is  found  to 
be  the  custodian  of  the  manor  of  Hatherley 
with  the  daughter  of  Roger  de  Troilli,  of 
the  fee  of  Richard  de  Clare. 

Before  1158  Gilbert  de  Miners  confirmed 
the  grant  by  his  homager,  Roger  Parvus 
(Little),  of  8  acres  of  land  at  Brookthorpe 
and  Whaddon  to  St.  Peter's,  Glos. — being 


12  8.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


171 


Ills  overlord.  Gilbert's  fellow-witness  to 
this  deed  is  William  de  Hereford  (i.e.,  Milo 
•of  Gloucester's  youngest  son). 

This  Roger  Parvus  was  son  and  heir  to 
Hugh*  Parvus  (who  was  fellow- witness  with 
the  Abbot  of  Winchcomb  to  Roger  de 
'Gloucester's  grant  of  Coin  St.  Andrew  to 
the  Abbey  of  St.  Peter  in  1106),  and  he  had 
for  his  wife  Margery,  daughter  of  Ralph  de 
'Sudeley,  with  whose  dower  he  held  6  virgates, 
or  yardlands,  at  Stanley  Pont  Larche. 
Further,  his  mother  (also  Margery)  was 
daughter  to  Ernulf  de  la  Feld  of  the  Rudge 
by  Standish  (near  Brookthorpe) — all  places 
in  Gloucestershire. 

We  now  turn  to  1166  and  the  *  Liber 
Niger  '  and  '  Liber  Rubeus.'  Here  we  find 
a  second  Hugh  Parvus  holding  4  knights' 
fees  of  Margaret  de  Bohun,  and  Gilbert 
de  Miners  and  Hugh  de  Cundicote  jointly, 
-of  her  ^  a  fee  (at  Condicote,  near  Stow-on- 
the-Wold).  These  had  all  been  enfeoffed 
"in  the  days  of  her  father,  Milo  of  Gloucester 
(Fitz  Walter),  i.e.,  before  1143.  This  fief 
had  also  belonged  to  Durand,  father  of 
Roger  of  Gloucester,  in  1085  ;  and  in  1275 
~we  find  the  larger  portion  of  Condicote 
passing  from  De  Bohun,  Earl  of  Hereford, 
to  John  de  Stonor.  Possibly  this  estate  had 
descended,  not  (as  hitherto  supposed)  direct 
from  Durand  to  Walter  his  nephew,  but 
to  Roger  his  son  (of  Gloucester),  from  him  to 
Wr alter,  and  so  to  Milo.  Again,  the  Bishop 
of  Worcester  was  the  overlord. 

In  the  Rot,  Curiae,  1199/1200,  another 
Gilbert  (III.)  held  a  plea  (co.  Cambridge) 
as  against  Mabel  FitzPeter,  and  yet  another 
against  Mabel  de  Barton,  concerning  half  a 
yardland  (mort  d'ancest.}.  The  first  Mabel 
(if,  indeed,,  these  are  not  one  and  the  same 
person)  was  presumably  granddaughter  to 
Lucy  FitzHerbert,  Milo  of  Gloucester's 
-daughter  (3),  and  she  could  also  claim 
Herbert,  brother  of  Roger  of  Gloucester,  as 
;an  ancestor. 

"Sciatis  me  dedisse... terrain  quam  Rogerus  de 
Glocestra  dedit  ecolesie  S.  Petri  de  Gloc  :  pro  anima 
fratris  sui  Herebert  [i.e.  at  West  wood  in  Archen- 
field,  Herefordshire],  scilicet,  duos  radcnihtes  et 
unara  ecclesiam  cum  1  hida  terre  et  1  Molen- 
dinum." 

Stephen  confirmed  this  in   1138    (cf.   '  H.C. 
'St.  Petri,  Glos.,'  i.  222-3). 

Though  the  direct  evidence  of  an  "  avus  " 
or  "  pater  meus  "  in  a  charter  is  still  lacking 

*  I  may  add  that  this  elder  Hugh  Parvus  was  a 
tenant  of  Walter  the  Sheriff  before  1112,  and  was 
witness  also  to  a  charter  by  which  Walter  the 
Sheriff  gave  North  Cerney  to  St.  Peter's,  Glouc., 
,in,or  before,  1106. 


to  complete  the  evidences  here  brought 
together,  it  is,  the  writer  thinks,  sufficiently 
presumptive  that  Gilbert  de  Miners  (1)  in 
making  his  claim  to  Coin  Roger  as  against 
the  Benedictines  of  Gloucester  (albeit,  in 
vain)  had  the  solid  tie  of  a  near  blood- 
relationship  with  the  powerful  Roger  de 
Gloucester  upon  which  to  found  his  claim 
to  Coin.  ST.  CLAIB  BADDELEY. 


A  REVERIE  IN  OLD  RATCLIFFE. 

A  CORRESPONDENT  in  South  China  has 
manifestly  seen  the  local  and  other  refer- 
ences in  British  Magazines  and  Miscellanies 
to  the  fact  that  the  memory  of  gallant 
Captain  John  Weddell  (the  Ratcliffe  con- 
temporary of  Oliver  Cromwell  and  of 
Maurice  Thomson  of  Old  Stepney  Meeting 
connexions  and  pious  posturings  at  Poplar 
as  a  sometime  zealous  Puritan  politician) 
has  been  curiously  revived  by  boding 
events  in  the  limitless  reserve  of  human 
"  Labour "  in  the  Furthest  East.  Capt. 
John  Weddell,  as  many  readers  in  the  Port 
of  London  area  know,  was,  when  at  home, 
a  resident  in  that  jumping-off  place  of 
ocean  heroes  and  pioneers,  Old  Ratcliffe. 
And  this  seaman-adventurer  silenced  with 
comparatively  good  Stepney  cannon  the 
Chinese  "  batteries "  near  the  great  city 
of  Canton  in  1634  ;  and  by  decent  gunnery 
he  effected  his  object  of  "  Frightfulness  " 
without  injuring  the  already  venerable 
Wall  of  the  city.  For,  be  it  remembered, 
in  those  days  gun-making  of  all  sorts  was  a 
prospering  art  and  mystery  in  Eastern 
London  Without  the  Wall ;  and  gunnery 
was  in  almost  daily  practice  in  the  Port  of 
London,  if  not  for  the  Navy  Board  or  Lords 
of  Admiralty,  then  for  account  of  the 
adventuring  companies  who  were  taking 
the  English  flag  into  every  sea,  east,  west, 
north  and  south,  whether  charted  or  not, 
in  eager  and  frequently  unscrupulous  rivalry 
with  the  East  India  Company  and  many 
Continental  combines.  The  place  of 
"  proof  "  for  all  ship-guns,  even  so  late  as 
the  last  of  the  Stuart  kings,  was  "  Ratcliff 
Fields."  And,  after  the  Civil  War  and  the 
Restoration,  we  know  that  Master  Secre- 
tary Pepys,  supported  by  his  seamen - 
coadjutors,  was  always  "  on  the  pounce  " 
in  East  London  armouries,  from  Limehouse 
Hole  to  the  Old  Artillery  Ground,  for  a 
light,  strong,  serviceable  gun — even  when 
the  making  was  alleged  to  cost  from  12Z. 
to  151.  a  ton — a  "  serviceable "  weapon 
being  one  that  the  navigators  were  not 


172 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  JULY,  19191 


compelled  to  deposit  for  safety  in  the  hold 
when  the  time  came  for  action.  Hence  we 
see  that  the  East  Londoner,  John  Browne, 
King's  Gun-founder,  gained  a  reward  of 
200Z.  for  casting  lighter  pieces  than  had 
been  previously  made.  Maurice  Thomson, 
the  very  adaptable  Puritan  merchant-trader, 
by  the  by,  had  interests  in  this  important 
matter  of  armament,  and  his  deals  with  the 
necessary  saltpetre  (prepared  in  what  is 
now  St.  George's  East)  were  very  much  on 
twentieth -century  lines  when  operating  for 
a  government.  Moreover,  his  enemies  and 
trade  rivals  used  to  more  than  whisper 
that  in  years  agone  he  had  traded  in  muskets 
with  the  Red  Indians  for  ever  threatening 
the  young  and  struggling  English  settle- 
ments in  North  America.  It  was  Maurice 
Thomson  who  sold  (how  got  is  perhaps  a 
story  of  the  Lord  Protector)  the  land  upon 
which  the  Old  Stepney  Meeting  House  was 
erected  ;  and  he  dwelt  close  by  in  Worcester 
House  on  Stepney  Green  and  Stepney  High 
Street  ;  and  he  figured  with  signal  unction 
at  the  opening  service  in  1654  of  the  Old 
Poplar  Chapel,  which  extended  the  means 
of  grace  to  Old  Stepney  seamen  who  had 
roved  all  over  the  lawless  Indian  Ocean. 
And,  withal,  he  usefully  officiated  on  the 
ancient  Stepney  Vestry  (for  Commonwealth 
or  for  Royal  interests  as  occasion  served, 
for  events  in  his  career  showed  that  in  mere 
politics  he  was  no  bigot  and  worshipped  no 
fetish  catechism)  as  a  representative  for  the 
principal  Maritime  Hamlet  of  Rat  cliff. 
But  Capt.  John  Weddell,  who  is  first  seen 
on  records  as  Master's  Mate  of  the  East 
India  Company's  Thames-built  Dragon, 
died  obscurely  on  the  homeward  voyage 
from  India  in  1639,  after  a  life  of  evidently 
great  vicissitudes  in  various  service  in  the 
East,  in  the  Persian  Gulf,  in  the  Indian 
Ocean,  and  in  the  more  distant  China 
Seas  ;  and  no  peerage  came  to  his  family, 
as  in  the  case  of  Maurice  Thomson's. 

On  Dec.  4,  1623,  John  Weddell,  then 
described  as  "  of  Ratcliffe,  in  Middlesex, 
gent.,  aged  40  or  thereabouts,"  was  ex- 
amined before  the  Judge  of  the  High  Court 
of  Admiralty,  and  gave  a  detailed  account 
of  his  voyage  when  he  was  Commodore  of  a 
Thames  fleet  that  joined  in  the  attack  on 
the  Portuguese  in  the  Persian  Gulf,  and  the 
consequent  sack  of  Ormuz,  which  appears 
to  have  yielded  so  little  plunder  to  the 
adventurers  and  so  very  much  disappointed 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham,  Lord  High 
Admiral,  who  greedily  clamoured  for  his 
tenths  of  the  spoil.  In  1634  John  Weddell 
held  the  commission  of  Admiral  of  the 


East  India  Company's  Fleet,  given  to  him. 
by  the  President  and  Council  at  Surat, 
despite  the  Court  of  Directors  having, 
timidly  called  him  home  to  London.  And 
the  Surat  Council  testified  in  April,  1634r. 
that  he  was 

"a  gentleman  of  valour  and  resolution,  and  second 
to  no  man  that  the  Company  ever  employed  in  the 
care  of  his  charge,  especially  at  sea  ;  and  his  trac- 
tability  far  exceeds  that  of  many  of  the  churlish 
Commanders  who  conceive  themselves  only  created 
for  the  sole  good  of  the  fleets  they  command  that 
they  desire  no  better,  or  other,  way  to  con  the 
fleet." 

At  Canton  (owing  to  the  Portuguese  in- 
trigues) he  had  "a  difficulty "  with  the 
Chinese  as  before  mentioned,  but,  after 
having  battered  one  of  the  forts,  he  was 
compelled  to  return  to  Macao,  to  India, 
and  so  to  England,  in  1640,  before  petition- 
ing for  a  new  commission.  J.  K.  Laughton, 
the  naval  historian,  thought  that  such  of 
Weddell's  property  as  was  not  lost  in  his 
various  adventures  and  mishaps  was  swal- 
lowed up  in  the  insolvency  of  Sir  William- 
Courten,  who  was  conspicuous  in  the  en- 
deavour to  establish  a  trade  to  the  East 
Indies  independent  of  the  East  India- 
Company.  But  Capt.  Weddell  when  he 
sailed  from  the  Thames  under  the  Courten 
patronage  flew  the  King's  colours  on  his- 
fleet  of  six  vessels — The  Dragon,  The  Sun, 
The  Katharine,  The  Planter,  The  Anne,  and 
The  Discovery — which  had  cost  the  then 
great  sum  of  £120,000  to  equip  ;  and  the 
charter  which  had  been  obtained  somehow 
from  the  crooked  and  needy  King  was  valid 
enough. 

However,  these  things  are  rather  of 
the  very  mixed  story  of  the  doings  of  the 
English  in  Asia  ;  all  that  is  here  sought  to 
emphasize  is  that  it  was  no  unusual  thing 
that  a  seaman  of  Capt.  John  Weddell's 
quality  and  capacity  for  command  should 
have  been  resident  in  what  is  now  one  of  the 
most  unlovely  historical  spots  in  all  Eng- 
land, with  nothing  whatever — as  yet — to 
indicate  the  nature  of  its  unique  record. 
For  generations  the  ancient  Hamlet  was  & 
common  place  of  residence  or  lodging  of 
the  officers  and  mariners  in  the  service  of 
the  Companies  and  the  Associations  laying 
down,  more  or  less  intuitively,  the  founda- 
tions of  the  wide -flung  British  Empire  ;  and1 
adventurers,  exploiters,  Asian  wanderers, 
were  always  to  be  found  on  the  local  Rialto- 
by  Ratcliff  Cross,  to  be  used,  at  any  rate, 
by  Daniel  Defoe  and  the  pamphleteers  and 
balladists.  The  first  fleets  of  the  East  India- 
Company  are  set  down  frequently  as  having- 
"  sailed  from  Woolwich,"  "  from  Blackwall," 


12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


173 


*' from  Gravesend,"  &c.  ;  but,  as  has  been 
often  reasoned  by  local  antiquaries  anc 
^topographers — no  matter  where  the  barques 
awaited  their  complements  of  agents,  fac 
tors,  officers,  and  seamen,  all  voyagers  alike 
assembled  at  Ratcliff  Cross  and  the  adjacenl 
Stairs  in  the  numerous  inns  and  taverns 
which  grew  up  rapidly  ;  and  all  were  rowec 
or  sailed  therefrom  to  the  vessels  astream 
in  the  Lower  Reaches  of  the  Thames,  de- 
pendent on  the  varying  winds  and  tides  and 
flows.  The  first  practice  of  getting  aboard 
at  Ratcliff  gradually  declined,  for  sailing 
out  of  the  winding  river  was  often  a  work  oi 
days,  and  sometimes  of  weeks,  which  could 
be  more  pleasantly,  or  more  hilariously, 
-occupied  ashore.  For  the  same  reason,  the 
Shipwrights'  and  the  sawyers'  centre  of 
governance  was  in  Butcher  Row,  within 
a  bosun's  call  of  Ratcliff  Cross  ;  and  their 
neighbour  the  Watermen's  Company  allotted 
the  privileges  and  arbitrated  the  claims, 
customs,  and  courses  of  the  river -workers 
below  bridge  ;  and  frequently  recruited  crews 
not  merely  for  the  King's  service  but  for  the 
nominally  private  adventurers  oversea.  And 
liere  also  the  Masters  and  Captains  of  the 
Trinity  Brotherhood  watched,  warded,  and 
dwelt  when  England's  great  day  upon  the 
Inner  and  the  Outer  Seas  was  dawning. 

Me. 


BOUTELL'  S      PUNNING      CATALOGUE 
OF    PAINTING    AND    SCULPTURE. 

READEBS  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  may  be  interested  by 
the  following  transcript  from  an  autograph 
by  the  late  Rev.  Chas.  Boutell,  which,  as  the 
present  owner  of  the  MS.  believes,  has  never 
yet  been  in  print.  Mr.  Boutell,  author  of 
well-known  books  on  heraldry  and  archae- 
ology, was,  at  the  time  he  produced  this 
jeu  cTesprit,  Rector  of  Norwood,  Surrey. 
Some  of  the  jests  seem  really  witty  ;  some 
may  be  more  intelligible  to  others  than  they 
are  to  me.  I  presume  all  the  painters' 
names  to  be  genuine.  S. 

A  Catalogue  of  a  small  collection  of  rare  and 
singularly  characteristic  Paintings,  with  a 
few  works  of  the  same  class  in  Sculpture,  all 
of  them  by  most  eminent  artists,  ancient 
and  modern. 
1.  The  Holy  City  in  Sight  ..  Old  Palma 

:  2.  The  Siege  of  Troy  . .          . .         Teniers 

3.  The  Waggon  on  the  Boad 

Van   Goen  and  Van  Os. 

4.  The  Flower  Protected      . .         Salvator  Rosa 

5.  The  Rencontre       . .  . .  . .  Metzu 

6.  The  Cat  not  let  out  of  the  Bag    . .        Poussin 
:  7.  The  Monk Cloesterman 


8.  Glovers  superseded 

9.  The  Blush  Rose      . . 

10.  The  Salute 

11.  The  Mutual  Promise 

12.  The  Field  of  Battle 

13.  Cats  Fighting 

14.  Tolling  the  Great  Bell      . . 

15.  The  Fairest  of  the  Flowers 

16.  Interior  of  a  Carpenter's  Shop  (a 

Cabinet  picture) 

17.  The  Successful  Candidate 

18.  Caught  at  Last      . . 

19.  The  Slender  Waist 

20.  Rolling  Waves 

21.  At  the  Seaside       . . 

22.  The  Empty  Manger 

23.  The  Estate  Purchased 

24.  Rabbits  at  Home 

25.  The  Gathered  Flowers      . 

26.  The  Day  after  the  Alma 

27.  The  Pride  of  the  Forest 

28.  Fair  in  the  Olden  Time  . 

29.  Highland  Attendants 

30.  Sunset 

31.  The  Decision,  without 

for  a  Verdict  " 

32.  A  Scene  in  Macbeth         

88.  The  Stage-coach  Catastrophe 

34.  Anchovy  Nets 

35.  River  Navigation  Impeded 

by  A. 

36.  The  Boaster  Outdone 

37.  Innocent  Flirtation 

38.  The  Way  to  the  Village 

39.  Sharp  Set 

40.  Venice          

41.  The  Notice  to  Quit 

42.  The  Bird's  Nest     .. 

43.  David  and  Goliath 

44.  Sunday  in  Scotland 

45.  Pugilists 

46.  Dressing  the  Wound 

47.  The  Bell-wether     .. 

48.  Across  the  River 

49.  Vanity  Fair 

>0.  The  Impending  Cry 

51.  Arctic  Scenery 

52.  The  Pathway  Stopped      . . 

53.  The  Home  made  Happy. . 

54.  The  Sly  Glance      . . 

"  She  never  told  her  love  " 
A  Hard  Row  at  Sea 
57.  The  Pudding  made  Perfect 

8.  The  Trout  Taken 

9.  The  Proposal 
60.  The  Response 
31.  Blue  Noses.. 

Ball- Room  Scenes 


.by   Mytcns 
Rubens 
Lippo  Lippi 
by  Both 
.      Waterloo 
Claude 
Kneller 
Lely 

Turner 
Gainsborough 
.     by  A.  Constable 
Girtin 
Sandby 
Beechey 
Haydon 
Morland 
Warren 
Faed 

. .     Redgrave 
Oakley 
Bartholomew 
Gillies 

,-.        . .         Westall 
Waiting 

Solomon 

Duncan  and  Haag 
Brokedon 
Burgess 

Harrison  Weir 
by  Topham 
by   Cousins 
by  Lane 
Hone 

. .     Waterton 
by  A.  Tennant 
Callow 
. .   Hurlstone 
Kirke 
Boxall 
Linton 
Tinkler 
Ferrey 
..         P.  Cox 
. .    Whymper 
Landseer 
by  A.  Poole 
..       by  Shee 
Smirke 
Pvne 


Mrs.  Herring 
by    Egg 

by  Hooke  and  Rodwell 
Asker 
Clarke 
Jack  Frost 

52.  Ball- Room  Scenes   .  Hoppner,  Dance,  Inskipp 

and  Stephanoff. 

53.  The  Knight  Armed  . .          • .    by  Lance 

54.  Travel  in  the  Dark  . .          . .         Knight 

5.  Sketch  on  the  Caspian     . .          . .      Eastlake 

6.  The  Mountain  Spring       . .  . .  Gush 

7.  The  Butt     . .          . .        Cooper  and  Singleton 

8.  Full  Cry Hunt 

59.  The  Happy  Family  . .          . .        Goodall 

0.  The  Two  Letters Opie 

1.  An  Exclamation  at  Whist  . .  Uwins 

2.  Preparations  for  Dinner  . .          . .     by  Cooke 

3.  On  the  Forth         '     Frith 

4.  High  and  Dry Patten 


174 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919. 


75.  The  Prompt  Blunder        . .  . .     Mulread} 

76.  The  Gambler  Ruined        . .  . .      by  Dyce 

77.  The  Lesson   Repeated        . .  . .      by   Harl 

78.  The   Youthful  Aspirant    .  .  . .      Cockerell 

79.  Caught  Out  ..  by  Copley  Fielding 

80.  The  Eavesdropper              . .  . .          Martin 

81.  The  Order  of  Release       . .  .  .            Grant 

82.  Incident  in  '  My  Novel,'  the  Italian 

Philosophizing              . .  . .           Stocks 

Sculpture. 

1.  The  Distressed  Milkmaid  . .        Can-ova 

2.  The  Irish  Weaver..           ..  ..      Flaxraan 

3.  The  Cathedral  Choir          . .  . .      Chan  trey 

4.  The  Highlander  Admonished  MacDowell 

5.  The  Model  Footman          .  .  John   Thomas 

6.  Baby's  Recompense           . .  . .    Papworth 

7.  The  Convalescent  .  .           .  .  by  Physick 

8.  A  House  to  Let     . .  . .   by  Weeks 


April  5,  1859. 


CHARLES  BOUTELL. 


AUSTRALIAN 

MEMORIAL  INSCRIPTIONS  : 
IV.    ST.  JAMES'S  CHURCH,  SYDNEY. 

(See  12  S.  iii.  269,  330;  iv.   184.) 

THE  following  abstracts  were  made  in 
1895:  — 

1.  James     Given,     Commander     of     the     ship 
Dunbar,  died  Aug.  20,  1857. 

2.  Robert      AlhvooJ,      B.A.,      Incumbent      of 
St.  James's,  1840-84  ;    died  Oct.  27,  1891. 

3.  Wm.    John    Dumaresq,     Capt.     Royal   Staff 
Corps.     Served  in  Crirrea,  Canada,  N.S.W.    Died 
Nov.  9,  1868. 

4.  Alexander  Macleay,  F.R.S.     Died  July    19. 
1848. 

5.  Commodore     Sir     James     Brisbane.     Died 
Dec.  19,  1826. 

6.  Lieut.-General  Sir  Maurice  Charles  O'Connell, 
K.C.B.,  Lieut.-Governor  of  N.S.W.  1810  to  1814. 
Died  May  25,  1848. 

7.  Rt.   Hon.   Lady  Mary  Fitzroy,   wife   of   Sir 
Charles  Augustus  Fitzroy,  Kt.     Died  Dec.  7,  1847. 

8.  (A  shield-hatchment.)     Rt.  Hon.  Sir  Robt. 
Wm.  Dull,  G.C.M.G.,  Governor  of  N.S.W.  1893-5. 
Died  March  15,  1895. 

9.  Dulce  et  decorum   est  pro  scientia  mori.  | 
This  monument  is  erected  |  by  the  Colonists  of 
New  South  Wales  |  in  memory  of  |  John  Gilbert  | 
Ornithologist  |  who  was  speared  by  the  blacks  on 
the  29th  of  June  |  1845,  during  the  first  overland 
expedition  to  Port  Essington  by  Ludwig  Leich- 
hardt  and  his  intrepid  companions. 

10.  In  |  Memoriam  |  lonnis  Coleridge  Patteson, 
|  primi      Melanesia?      Episcopi  |  et     martyris.  | 

Vestigia  Domini  fideliter  secutus  |  in  gaudium 
Domini  intravit  xx°  die  Sept.  A.D.  |  MDCCCLXXI 
Cum  dilexisset  suos  usque  ad  finem  dilexit  eos. 

11.  Collet  Barket,  39th  Regt.,  murdered  by  the 
aborigines  April  30,  1831. 

12.  Others  to  various  officers  who  fell  in  the 
New  Zealand  WTar  of  1845. 

13.  This     tablet — erected     by    the     Executive 
Government  pursuant  to  a  vote  of  the  Legislative 
Council  of  New  South  Wales,  in  testimony  of  the 


respect  and  gratitude  of  the  inhabitants  of  the 
Colony — commemorates  the  active  service  and 
early  death  of  Assistant-Surveyor  Edmund  Besley 
Court  Kennedy,  who,  after  having  completed  the 
survey  of  the  River  Victoria,  was  chosen  by  the 
Government  to  conduct  the  first  exploration  of 
York  Peninsula,  where,  after  the  most  patient 
and  persevering  exertions  to  overcome  the- 
physical  difficulties  of  the  country  and  the 
destructive  effects  of  consequent  disease,  by  which- 
the  expedition,  originally  consisting  of  thirteen 
persons,  was  reduced  to  three.  He  was  slain  by 
the  aborigines  in  the  vicinity  of  Escape  River  on 
the  13th  December,  A.D.  1848,  falling  a  sacrifice,- 
in  the  31st  year  of  his  age,  to  the  cause  of  science,, 
the  advancement  of  the  Colony,  and  the  interests 
of  humanity.  |  Flebile  Principium  melior  fortuna 
sequatur. 

The  persons  who  perished  by  disease  were — 
Thomas  Wall  (naturalist),  W.  Costigan,  C.  Niblet,. 
E.  Carpenter,  J.  Mitchell,  James  Luft,  J.  Douglas, 
E.  Taylor,  Denis  Dunn.  |  requiescant  in  pace. 

The  survivors  are — William  Carron  (botanist),. 
William  Goddard,  and  Jackey  Jackey,  an 
aboriginal  of  Merton  District,  who  was  Mr. 
Kennedy's  sole  companion  in  his  conflict  with  the 
savages,  and,  though  himself  wounded,  tended  his~ 
eader  with  a  courage  and  devotion  worthy  of" 
remembrance,  supporting  him  in  his  last  moments 
and  making  his  grave  on  the  spot  where  he  fell.- 

14.  To  the  memory  of  the  Reverend  Richard! 
Hill,  the  first  minister  of  this  Church,  who  expired 
suddenly,  in  the  performance  of  his  duty  within  its^ 
walls,  on  xxxth  May,  MDCCCXXXVI.,  aged  LIV.  | 
Erected  by  his  friends  and  congregation  in 
ftectionate  remembrance  of  his  unwearied  labours- 
luring  seventeen  years,  his  serene  resignation 
under  no  ordinary  trials,  his  blameless  and  useful 
ife,  his  prompt  attention  to  every  call  of  distress,, 
is  faithful  and  fearless  reproof  of  the  sinner,  his 
disregard  of  personal  ease  when  any  work  of 
;harity  required  his  services,  and  his  peculiar 
ibility  in  engaging  the  attention  and  affection  of" 
.he  young,  and  in  imbuing  them  with  a  deep- 
•everence  for  the  word  of  everlasting  salvation^- 
Blessed  are  those  servants  whom  the  Lord,  when. 

cometh,  shall  find  watching. 

J.  \V.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 


THE     GREEK     FLAG. — According     to     a 
generally  accepted  idea,  the   Greek  flag  of 

:>lue  and  white  stripes,  with  a  white  cross- 
on  a  blue  canton,  was  first  used  in  a  modern 
jense  as  the  national  or  commercial  ensign 

D£    Greek-speaking    people,     when    Bishop 

Grermanos  raised  the  standard  of  revolt 
against  Turkish  rule  on  the  festival  of  the 
Annunciation  (Mar.  25),  1821,  at  Patrasso 

n  the  Morea.  Since  then  generations  of" 
modern  Greeks  have  been  taught  from 

nfancy  to  repeat  the  following  lines  of  a 
Datriotic  hymn  from  the  '  Child  of  Inde- 
pendence,' in  John  Adams's  oration  on  the- 

Jnited  States,  beginning  : — 

)  Child  of  German os  !     O  banner  beautiful ! 
Godchild    of    the    Panayia,    compassionate    and? 
merciful ! 


12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


175 


Another  suggested  origin — not  improbable 
— is  that  it  represents  the  traditional 
•"  colours  "  of  the  B.V.M.  or  Panayia  ;  this 
idea  seems  consonant  with  the  constantly 
-expressed  "  Mariolatry "  of  the  Greek 
'Church,  and  may  be  paralleled  with  the 
figure  of  the  Panayia  impressed  on  Byzantine 
•  coins. 

It  would  be  a  matter  of  considerable 
interest  to  discover  what  were  the  standards, 
flags,  or  colours  of  the  Byzantine  Empire. 
The  flag  which  Richard  I.  hung  up  in  the 
church  of  Bury  St.  Edmunds  as  a  trophy 
from  Cyprus  was  a  work  of  embroidery  and 
probably  resembled  an  ordinary  feudal 
'•banner. 

A  legend  has  it  that  Miaolis,  the  popular 
hero  of  the  Greek  Revolution,  asked  to  make 
a  flag,  tore  up  his  shirt  (white)  and  breeches 
(blue)  and  pieced  them  together  for  the 
tmrpos'e.  N 

The  national  flag  of  the  Greek  Republic 
(1821-33)  was  probably  the  blue  flag  with 
a  white  cross,  now  the  naval  flag  of  the 
modern  Greek  kingdom. 

It  is  reasonable  to  suppose,  in  lieu  of  direct 
evidence,  that  the  blue  and  white  striped 
flory  of  the  present  Greek  flag  originates  in 
the  Republican  period,  imitating  the  "  star- 
-spangled banner  "  of  the  greatest  republic  of 
modern  times,  itself  adapted  from  an  old 
English  colonial  flag  (by  Act  of  Congress, 
1808). 

Any  ordinary  history  of  the  Byzantine 
Empire  refers  to  pestilent  factions  with  their 
party  badges  of  "  blue  and  white  "  and  "  red 
and  green "  opposed  to  each  other  ;  how 
far  these  badges  were  retained  in  a  subse- 
quent age  after  the  introduction  of  feudalism 
and  the  consequent  decay  of  the  democratic 
:  spirit  in  the  Eastern  Empire  is  difficult  to 
discover  ;  the  famous  factions  continued  to 
exist  at  the  end  of  the  seventh  century,  and 
until  the  coming  of  the  Arabs  and  the 
general  spread  of  Mohammedanism. 

Turkish  sultans  reigning  in  Byzantium 
have  carried  on  the  institutions  and  tradi- 
tions of  their  Byzantine  predecessors  ;  it  is 
not  therefore  inconceivable  that  in  the 
modern  Greek  and  Turkish  national  emblems 
may  linger  souvenirs  from  the  early  cen- 
turies of  Levantine  history.  The  "  blue  and 
white"  and  "red  and  green"  which  still 
distinguish  severally  the  Rumelian  or 
Romaic  Greeks  and  the  Anatolian  Turko- 
mans may  be  but  one  of  those  singular 
coincidences  which  admit  of  very  little 
-explanation  and  may  in  fact  be  merely 
accidental.  The  ill-defined  origin  of  the 
'Turkoman  or  Moslem  natives  of  Asia  Minor 


allows  of  a  supposition  that  they  may  have 
been  represented  by  the  "  reds  and  greens  " 
in  an  earlier  age.  G.  J.>  F.S.A. 

Cyprus. 

[We  have  also  received  a  translation  of  a  recently 
published  leaflet  on  'The  National  Badge' (Flag), 
circulated  among  Boy  Scouts  in  Greece,  which  we 
may  subsequently  find  room  for.] 

LITERATURE  AND  ICONOGRAPHY  OF 
LONDON  PEACE  CELEBRATIONS. —It  is  of 
some  topical  interest  to  note  the  wealth  of 
pamphlets  and  prints  that  the  successive 
Peace  celebrations  in  London  have  provided. 
The  purpose  of  the  earlier  forms  was  to 
describe  and  represent  the  public  displays 
of  fireworks  usually  provided  by  the  Board 
of  Ordnance.  Most  familiar  in  this  class 
is  '  A  Description  of  the  Machine  for  the 
Fireworks,  &c.,  in  which  they  are  to  be 
exhibited  in  St.  James's  Park,  Thursday, 
April  27,  1749.'  This,  and  the  many  con- 
temporary engravings  it  occasioned,  cele- 
brated the  General  Peace  signed  at  Aix- 
la-Chapelle,  Oct.  7,  1749. 

These  official  firework  displays  were  for  at 
least  another  hundred  years  the  principal 
feature  of  the  celebrations.  There  was,  for 
example,  a  display  of  fireworks  in  Hyde, 
Green  and  Victoria  Parks  on  May  29,  1856. 
The  programme  (4  pp.  fcap.)  provides,  in 
24  divisions,  detail  of  an  immense  number 
of  rockets,  &c.  The  late  Mr.  Eliot  Hodg- 
kin  in  his  collections  on  fireworks  (vide 
'  Rariora  ' )  made  a  special  quest  of  these 
items  and  the  frequently  exchanged  dupli  - 
cates. 

Trafalgar,  the  Peninsula  and  Waterloo 
came  in  the  age  of  panoramas  and  showmen's 
exhibitions.  The  Waterloo  Museum  at 
97  Pall  Mall  was  established  in  1815,  but 
soon  had  rivals  at  the  Egyptian  Hall, 
Piccadilly ;  the  Oplotheca,  20  Lower  Brook 
Street,  Bond  Street  ;  the  Gothic  Hall,  Pall 
Mall,  and  finally  the  Royal  Armoury, 
Haymarket.  Except  the  display  at  97  Pall 
Mall  they  cannot,  however,  be  identified  as 
"  celebrating  "  exhibitions.  Most  remark- 
able of  its  kind,  and  worthy  of  special 
mention  now  as  having  hitherto  escaped 
notice,  was  "  Mr.  Michel's  Exhibition  of 
Crocodiles  "  at  18  Dover  Street,  "  intended 
to  commemorate  the  victory  of  Lord  Nelson 
near  the  mouth  of  the  Nile,  &c."  The  date 
of  the  catalogue  before  me  is  1800,  and  in 
some  15  pages  "  this  astounding  creature  " 
is  described  at  some  length.  There  were 
only  ten  exhibits,  which  it  is  necessary  to 
add  were  mostly  models  of  crocodiles,  "  the 
only  specimen  of  this  wonderful  animal  in 
England,  to  the  knowledge  of  the  artist, 


176 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  JULY,  1919. 


which  is  nineteen  feet  in  length,  and  to  be 
seen  at  the  British  Museum." 

Research  into  the  bibliography  and  icono- 
graphy of  this  subject  of  Peace  celebrations 
leads  into  diversified  channels  ;  except  they 
were  not  intended  to  be  so  identified,  we 
might  have  to  include  Madame  Tussaud's,  the 
Benin  Bronzes  at  the  Ethnographical  Gallery 
of  the  British  Museum,  and  the  doyen  of 
Drury  Lane  Theatre,  where  many  years  ago 
Sir  Augustus  Harris  produced  a  spectacular 
drama,  '  The  Armada.' 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

51   Rutland  Park  Mansions,  N.W.2. 

TANKS  (MILITARY). — The  following,  which 

gives  the  origin  of  the  name  "tank,"  may 

well  find  a  place  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  :  — 

"  STORY  OP  THE  TANKS. 

"  General  Swinton,  the  military  originator  of 
the  Tank  scheme  and  the  commander  of  the  first 
Tank  unit,  on  Saturday  presented  to  Berwick  a 
tank,  the  gift  of  the  Army  Council,  in  appreciation 
of  the  borough's  War  Savings  work.  He  said 
that  the  tanks  got  their  name  from  the  belief 
when  they  were  being  manufactured  that  they 
were  water-carriers  for  the  troops  in  Egypt." — 
The  Times,  June  24,  p.  13,  col.  4. 

This  does  not,  I  think,  imply  that  General 
Swinton  was  the  inventor  of  the  machine 
itself.  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

[See  also  12  S.  iii.  444  ;  v.  36.] 

KNOX'S  '  SPIRIT  OF  DESPOTISM.' — The 
'  D.N.B.'  (vol.  xxxi.  p.  336)  says  of  the 
edition  of  Vicesimus  Knox's  work  published 
in  London  in  the  year  1795  :  "  Only  three 
copies  were  left  in  existence ....  no  trace, 
however,  of  the  three  copies  is  now  dis- 
coverable." References  to  this  book  appear 
in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  5  S.  xi.  43,  174  ;  6  S.  vii.  407. 
The  Library  of  Harvard  University  has  a 
copy  received  in  1900  bearing  the  imprint 
"London;  printed  in  the  year  1795," 
which  bears  every  evidence  of  having  for 
some  time  been  in  possession  of  Boston 
families.  The  Harvard  Library  at  one 
time  possessed  another  copy  which  was 
received  "  by  exchange  of  duplicates "  in 
1869.  This  copy  unfortunately  disappeared 
previous  to  1900. 

T.  FRANKLIN  CURRIER, 

Assistant  Librarian. 
Harvard  College  Library,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

SIR  NICHOLAS  BAGNAL  AND  THE  EARLS 
OF  KILMOREY. — In  the  review  of  vol.  iv.  of 
*  Indexes  to  Irish  Wills  '  it  is  stated  (ante, 
p.  Ill)  that  the  Earls  of  Kilmorey  are 
descended  from  Sir  Nicholas  Bagnal. 

This  is,  strictly  speaking,  not  correct,  as 
the  Earls  of  Kilmorey  are  descended  from 


Sir  Robert  Needham,  1st  Viscount,  elder- 
son  of  Robert  Needham  of  Cranage,  whose 
younger  son  Thomas  Nedham  of  Pool  Parkr 
co.  Denbigh,  married  the  daughter  and  co- 
heiress of  Sir  Henry  Bagenal  of  Newry  and 
Plas  Newydd,  Marshal  of  Ireland. 

The  great -grands  en  of  Thomas  Nedham,. 
Robert  Nedham  of  St.  Thomas-in-the-Vale 
and  St.  Catherine,  Jamaica,  succeeded  (as 
coheir  with  Sir  Edward  Bayley,  ancestor  of 
the  Marquess  of  Anglesey)  to  the  estates  of 
Nicholas  Bagenal,  grandson  of  Sir  Henry 
Bagenal. 

The  grandson  of  this  Robert  Nedham 
was  William  Nedham  of  Newry  and  Moone- 
Park,  who  d.s.p.  1806,  leaving  the  estates  to- 
Robert,  llth  Viscount  Kilmorey,  thus  dis- 
inheriting his  father's  brother,  viz.,  Major- 
General  William  Nedham  of  Mount  Olive,, 
Jamaica,  and  Widcombe,  near  Bath,  M.P. 
for  Athenry  in  the  last  Irish  Parliament. 
The  Major -General's  grandson  is  Capt. 
Charles  Sewell  Nedham,  R.N.  (retired)  of 
Branksome  Chine,  Bournemouth,  who  is 
head  of  that  branch  of  the  Nedham  family 
descended  from  Thomas  Nedham  of  Pool' 
Park,  and,  in  the  female  line,  from  Sir 
Henry  Bagenal. 

H.  R.  POPHAM  BAKER, 

M.R.C.S.,  L.R.C.P. 

77  Accrington  Road,  Blackburn,  Lanes. 

BOSWELL'S  '  JOHNSON  '  :  A  CORRECTION. — 
Boswell,  in  his  '  Life  of  Johnson,'  under  date 
1730  (Hill's  ed.,  vol.  i.  p.  77),  says  :— 

"We  are  told  by  Tursellinus,  in  his  life  of 
St.  Ignatius  Loyola,  that  this  intrepid  founder  of 
the  Order  of  the  Jesuits,  when  he  arrived  at  Goa, 
persisted  in  wearing  his  miserable  shattered 
shoes,"  &c. 

Not  one,  I  think,  of  the  innumerable- 
editors  and  commentators  of  Boswell,  has*- 
ever  noticed  that  this  is  a  mistake.  St~. 
Ignatius  never  visited  India,  and  both  the- 
anecdote  and  the  biographer  Tursellinus 
pertain  to  the  other  great  Jesuit,  St.  Francis* 
Xavier.  F.  R.  BRACEY. 

St.  Dominic's  Priory,  London. 

"  NON -NATURALS." — The  earliest  quota- 
tion in  the  '  N.E.LV  for  "  non- natural  " 
as  a  substantive  is  from  my  remote- 
relative  Dr.  Jeremiah  Wainewright  in  1708  ;, 
but  Burton,  in  his  '  Anatomy  of  Melan- 
choly,' first  printed  in  1621,  in  his  '  Synopsis, 
of  the  First  Partition  '  speaks  of  "  Necessary 
causes,  as  those  six  non-natural  things,, 
which  are  :  Diet ....  Retention  and  evacua- 
tion   Air Exercise Sleep  and  wak- 
ing....  Passions  and  perturbations  of  the: 
mind."  JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 


12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


177 


"SKIFFLE -SHUFFLE." — This  word  is  classed 
«is  rare  in  the  '  N.E.D.,'  and  no  earlier  use 
of  it  is  quoted  than  1871.  It  appears  in  the 
speech  made  in  the  House  of  Commons  by 
Mr.  George  Grenville  on  the  disturbances  in 
America,  Jan.  26,  1769  :  "Do  not  let  us 
stand  shime-shuffle  between  two  measures  " 
<' Debates,  1768-1770,'  Sir  H.  Cavendish, 
p.  203).  Here  it  evidently  implies  hesitation, 
.so  may  be  only  a  playful  or  a  cant  enlarge- 
ment of  "  shuffling  "  ;  but  possibly  it  is  an 
-expression  that  was  used  in  some  game  such 
-as  shovel -board.  ALFRED  WELBY. 

Carlton  Club. 

PROVERB  :  "  LET  THE  WEAKEST  GO  TO 
THE  WALL." — The  following  may  be  worth 
noting  from  '  Rambles  round  Edge  Hill,' 
;by  the  Rev.  George  Miller,  1896  :  — 

"  Shotteswell  Church,  Warwickshire.  On  the 
north  and  west  sides  of  the  north  aisle  the  old 
stone  seats  against  the  wall  of  the  church  remain  . 
In  those  days  there  were  no  seats  in  the  midst  of 
'the  church,  and  the  congregation  stood  or  knelt . 
When  the  clergyman  commenced  his  sermon  he 
'Used  to  say  '  Let  the  weakest  go  to  the  wall '  ; 
hence  the  proverb  now  so  strangely  perverted 
.from  its  original  meaning." 

W.  B.  H. 

DEFOE  AND  ALEXANDER  SELKIRK. — The 
*  D.N.B.'  in  the  article  on  Selkirk  states 
•that,  "  despite  some  apocryphal  stories, 
there  is  nothing  to  show  that  Defoe  knew 
anything  of  Selkirk  beyond  what  had  been 
published  by  Rogers,  Cooke,  and  Steele." 
"The  following  documents  in  an  extra- 
illustrated  copy  of  Robinson's  '  History  of 
Stoke  Newington  '  (1820),  belonging  to  Mr. 
Aleck  Abraham,  seem  to  throw  some  doubt 
•on  the  above  statement :  — 

Portland  House. 

Thursday  Evg. 
My  Dear  Mr.  Lunell, 

My  dear  Wife  has  copied  the  mem.  about  De 
&oe  for  you,  &  I  now  send  it. 

I  trust  Mrs.  Lunell  &  yourself  were  not  knocked 
tip  with  our  long  "  palaver  "  Tuesday  ! 
Ever  Sincerely, 

RICHARD  BALL. 

(Memo,  after  a  conversation  with  Mr.  W.  P. 
Lunell,  May,  1834,  E.  A.) 

Joseph  Beck  (the  Father  of  Joseph,  the  hus- 
band of  the  well-known  Mary  Beck)  built  the 

'house  at  Frenchay.  The  wife  of  the  elder 
Joseph  Beck  survived  him  ;  she  had  three  hus- 
bands, Jos.  Beck,  Caysgarne,  and  lastly 

Daniells,  and  survived  them  all.  This  Mrs. 
Danielle  lived  at  a  corner  house  in  James's 

:  Square,  Bristol  (the  corner  diagonally  opposite 
the  entrance  from  the  Barton)  ;  there  she  was 
visited  by  Alexander  Selkirk,  then  recently 

returned  from  his  solitary  abode  in  the  Island  of 
Juan  Fernandez  ;  there  also  she  was  accustomed 

t  to  entertain  Daniel  De  Foe.     It  was  in  her  house  i 


that  Selkirk  gave  De  Foe  an  account  of  his 
adventures,  &c.,  from  which  De  Foe  drew  up  a 
narrative  of  Selkirk  which  was  published.  Many 
years  later,  De  Foe  wrote  and  published  his 
romance  of  '  Robinson  Crusoe,'  the  notion  of 
which  was  suggested  by  Selkirk's  narrative. 
The  romance  speedily  supplanted  the  genuine 
work,  and  while  the  existence  of  the  latter  is 
now  hardly  known,  the  former  is  still  among  the 
most  popular  of  books. 

A  gentleman  (name  forgotten)  who  was  accus- 
tomed to  meet  Selkirk  at  Mrs.  Daniells's  sent  a 
paper  to  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  containing  a 
very  specific  account  of  what  he  heard  from  him. 

In  addition  to  Cowper's  well-known  poem, 
there  is  another  entitled  *  Jwan  Fernandez,' 
by  Patrick  Branwell  Bronte,  the  MS.  of 
which  was  offered  for  sale  by  a  London 
firm  in  1914.  J.  ARDAGH. 

35  Church  Avenue,  Drumcondra,  Dublin. 

MONUMENTS  IN  SYDNEY. — Monuments  to 
the  following  are  found  in  Sydney,  New 
South  Wales. 

1.  Life-size    statue    on    square    base    in 
Wynyard  Park  : — 

John  Dunmore  Lang,  D.D. 
Patriot  and  Statesman. 

Born  1799  at 

Greenock,  Scotland. 

Died  1878  at 

Sydney. 

2.  Life-size  statue  on  base  facing  Queen 
Square  : — 

The  Right  Honourable 

William  Bede  Dalley,  P.C., 

Scholar,  Statesman, 

Patriot. 

3.  Life-size  statue  on  base  : — 

Captain  Cook 

Born  at  Marton,  Yorkshire,  1728. 

Discovered  this  Territory,   1770. 

Killed  at  Owhyhee,  1779. 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 
Consett,  co.  Durham. 

HEREDITY  :  LONG  HAIR. — Dean  Stanley 
considered  that  Richard  II.' s  eyes  had  been 
transmitted  to  members  of  Queen  Victoria's 
family  ;  the  tresses  of  the  heroine  of  Coven- 
try would  seem  to  have  had  a  yet  longer 
passage  through  the  centuries.  A  lady  who 
claims  to  be  a  descendant  of  Leofric  of 
Mercia  and  the  famous  Godiva,  writes  thus 
in  The  Guardian  of  May  15,  1919  : — 

"  Unusually  long  and  abundant  hair  still  prevail? 
in  our  family.  In  youth,  my  mother's  hair  reached 
her  ankles,  and  she  had  scarcely  a  grey  hair  when 
she  died  at  the  age  of  eighty-three.  The  hair  of 
one  of  my  aunts  measured  6  ft.,  and  trailed  several 
inches  on  the  ground  behind  her.  Four  of  my 
sisters  and  myself,  when  young  women,  had  hair 
which  fell  well  below  our  knees,  shrouding  us  like 
thick  mantles ;  and  now  that  I  am  in  my  seventieth 
year  my  hair  is  as  long  and  almost  as  abundant  as 
ever,  and  absolutely  refuses  to  turn  grey.  Two  or 


178 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12 S.V.JULY,  1919. 


three  of  my  first  cousins  had  tine  heads  of  hair  also 
The  wealth  of  hair  has  descended  to  some  of  my 
nieces,  and  to  at  least  one  of  my  grand-nieces.  So 
much  for  heredity  for  four  generations  at  any  rate 
if  not  from  our  ancestress  Lady  Godiva." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

EAST  ANGLIAN  CHARACTERS  AND  CHARAC- 
TERISTICS.— In  an  old  eighteenth-century 
commonplace  book  occur  the  following 
manuscript  rimes,  signed  "  R.  S.,"  and 
dated  1785.  They  appear  worth  preserva- 
tion in  the  archives  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  if  only  for 
their  humour  and  shrewd  observation.  At 
so  lengthy  an  interval  it  is  not  easy  to 
identify  all  the  persons  named. 

You  I  love,  my  dearest  life. 

More  than  gracious  George  his  wife, 

(King  George  HI.) 
More  than  Harbord  loves  grimace, 

(Sir  H.  Harbord) 
More  than  Bacon  loves  a  place, 

(Sir  Francis   Bacon  ?) 
More  than  Billy  Leigh  the  Church, 
More  than  Parr  to  handle  birch, 

(Dr.  Parr,  bibliophile,  and  Rector  of  Asterby, 

Lines,  and  afterwards    Vicar  of  Hatton,  near 

Stratford-on-Avon) 

More  than  Cutting  loves  a  Welchman, 
More  than  Jaggard  loves  a  Frenchman, 

(Rev.  John  Jaggard,  Rector   of    St.  Nicholas', 

King's   Lynn) 

More  than  Wade  does  love  to  game,     (Capt.  Wade) 
More  than  Twist  a  married  dame. 
More  than  Addey  loves  to  smile, 
More  than  Money  to  beguile,  (Major  John  Money) 
More  than  Parson  Brand  a  trope, 
More  than   Burcham  hates  the  Pope, 
More  than  Chamber  loves  a  rout, 
Or  the  Baron  loves  to  spout, 

(Baron  Robert  Harvey) 
More  than  Hardingham  a  flower, 
More  than  Gay  the  midnight  hour, 
More  than  Lloyd  his  handsome  self, 

(Dean  Lloyd  of  Norwich) 
More  than  Houghton  loves  his  pelf, 
More  than  Adkins  loves  his  wife, 
More  than  Bacon  noise  and  strife,  (Sir  F.  Bacon  ?) 
More  than  Payne  a  drinking  bout,    (Capt.  Payne) 
More  than  Dewing  hates  the  gout, 
More  than  Billy  Crown  a  tussle, 
More  than  Kerrison  a  bustle, 
More  than  Walker  loves  his  muse, 

(Rev.  Walker) 

More  than  Garland  loves  his  views, 
More  than  Parr  a  Greek  discourse,     (Dr.  Parr) 
More  than  Beevor  loves  his  house,  (James  Beevor) 
More  than  Harvey  loves  his  gold, 

(Robert  Harvey,  sen.) 


"  TAMASHA."    —  The     Morning      Post     of 
April  29  contained  the  following  : — 

44  Cherbourg,  April  27. 
"The  Navy's  first  joy  ride  for  five  years  is  almost 

over.     To-morrow  the  Second  Battle  Squadron 

will  leave  Cherbourg  with  regret.  As  a  young 
officer  put  it  this  afternoon  :  4  What  a  tamasha  r 
Now  'tamasha'  is  a  word  of  the  Navy's  own 
lingua  franca,  that  tongue  which  seafaring  has  built 
up  from  the  slang  of  many  ports.  Philologists  may 
tell  you  learnedly  of  the  derivation  of  'tamasha' 
and  its  different  meanings  in  the  Pushtu,  Korean, 
or  Thibetan  tongue,  but  when  the  Navy  says  = 
'tamasha'  it  just  means  a  jollification  of  first-class 
dimensions." 

J.  R.  H. 


More  than  Hooke  does  hate  a  scold,  (Dr.  Hooke) 
More  than  Beevor  loves  his  book,  (James  Beevor) 
More  than  Prince  of  tarts  to  cook, 

(Benjamin    Day) 
Thus,  my  fair,  I  love  you  more 
Than  ever  man  loved  *rnaid  before. 

Aug.,  1785.  B.  g. 

WM.  JAGGARD,  Captain. 
Repatriation  Records,   Winchester. 


djmrhs. 

WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
'ormation  on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
x>  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries,, 
n  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

PROCLAMATION    STONES. — At    Totnes    is- 
Brutus  Stone,  on  which  the  mayor  standa  to 
proclaim  a  new  sovereign.     London  Stone- 
appears  from  Shakespeare  ('  2  Henry  VI.,' 
v.6),  following  Holinshed,  to  have  conferred' 
special   sanction   on   a  new  ruler.     On  the- 
oronation  Stone  the  new  sovereign  receives: 
lis  crown.     At  St.  Austell  is  the  Maengaw 
Stone,    where   proclamations   of  peace   and 
war  and  new  reigns  used  to  be  made.     If 
Kingston-on-Thames  takes  its  name  from  the 
Stone  of  the  King  and  not  from  his  -ton  or 
town,  a  new  origin  and  meaning  for,  at  any 
rate,    some   of   the   many   Kingston   place- 
names  suggests  itself. 

Can  local  archaeologists  give  us  full  details 
of  the  history,  tradition,  position,  &c.,  of 
any  other  similar  stone  conferring  like 
sanctions  ?  For,  from  a  comparison  of  all 
the  instances  with  their  varying  detail,  there 
may  emerge  one  or  more  characteristics 
which,  being  common  to  all,  may  show  the 
original  essential  underlying  idea.  For 
instance,  Totnes  and  the  Coronation  Stone 
agree  in  pointing  to  association  with 
foreigners,  Jacob  and  Brutus  ;  while  London; 
Stone  has  been  assigned  to  Romans1.  Or, 
again,  Totnes  and  St.  Austell  are  used  only 
for  such  proclamations  as  were  national, 
international,  or  intertribal :  peace,  war,  and" 


new  rulers  ;  so  perhaps,  too,  Kingston. 

Queries  that  suggest  themselves,  among 
others,  are  : — 

1.  Can  they  be  connected  with  the  de- 
tached standing  stones  often  found  outside- 
stone  circles,  as  at  Stonehenge,  the  Stennis 
Stones,  the  Hurlers,  the  Rollright  Stones,, 
and  many  other  stone  circles  ?  Presuming,. 


12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


179 


for  instance,  that  a  given  stone  circle  was 
sepulchral,  might  its  outlier  mark  the  spot 
outside  the  dead  chief's  tomb  where  his 
style  and  title  were  recited,  and,  naturally, 
his  successor's  claims  made  ? 

2.  Is  there  derivative    connexion  in  idea 
with  a  stone  altar  outside  a  Roman  camp 
pra3torium,  or  forum,  by  appeal  to  which  the 
promulgator  called  the  gods  to  witness  his 
act  and  deed  ?     So  perhaps  Joshua  (xxiv.  27). 

3.  If  some  or  all  of    the  stones  show  an 
underlying  tradition  of  foreign  origin,  could 
they  be  supposed  to  have  been  brought  as  a 
part    of   the    newcomer's    original    land    or 
homestead  ? 

But  before  any  theories  can  be  formed  the 
fullest  details  of  all  the  traditions  of  all  such 
stones  should  be  known.  Will  archaeologists 
in  the  respective  localities  oblige  me  with 
the  full  particulars  of  the  above-mentioned 
and  any  other  such  stones  and  customs  ? 

It  may  be  found  also  that  customary  places 
or  spots  for  proclamations  may  have  derived 
their  positions  from  stones  now  non-existent. 
(Rev.)  F.  G.  ODELL,  R.N. 

Totnes. 

WILLIAM  HOORDE,  WINCHESTER  SCHOLAR. 
— He  entered  Winchester  College,  aged  12, 
in  1555,  from  the  Soke  of  Winchester,  and  is 
probably  to  be  identified  with  the  recusant 
of  this  name,  described  as  "  of  Wolvesey," 
who  was  committed  to  the  Wood  Street 
Counter  in  London,  July  27,  1586,  and  with 
the  recusant  gentleman  of  the  same  name 
of  Preston  Candover,  who  occurs  in  the  first 
Recusant  Roll  (of  1592-3)  as  owning  various 
properties  in  Hampshire  (see  Cath.  Rec. 
Soc.  Publ.  xviii.  273,  277,  290).  Any 
further  particulars  about  him  would  be 
welcome.  JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

BYRON'S  '  DON  JUAN,'  CANTOS  17  AND  18. 
— Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  anything 
about  cantos  17  and  18  of  '  Don  Juan  '  ? 
I  have  a  copy  in  paper  binding  printed  for 
the  booksellers  by  Duncombe  of  Little 
Queen  Street,  Holborn — without  date — 
but  my  father  wrote  his  name  and  1825 
on  the  title-page.  It  was  tied  up  with  four 
parts  also  belonging  to  him  and  in  paper 
binding,  published  at  one  shilling  each  by 
John  Hunt  of  Old  Bond  Street,  containing 
cantos  6  to  16  of  '  Don  Juan,'  the  earlier 
ones  dated  1823,  and  cantos  15  and  16,  1824. 
Byron's  name  does  not  appear  on  either 
the  booklets  by  Hunt  or  that  by  Dun- 
combe  :  I  suppose  it  was  on  canto  1,  but 
that  is  lost.  The  quotation  from  '  Twelfth 
Night  '  as  to  cakes  and  ale  is  on  both  Hunt's 
and  Duncombe's  copies.  Hunt's  are  better 


got   up   and   on   much   better   paper   than 
Duneombe's. 

Byron  seems  to  have  patronized  several 
publishers.  I  have  a  set  of  his  poems  in 
six  vols.  duodecimo,  uniformly  bound  in 
morocco  —  the  first  four  by  Murray,  dated 
1829,  and  vols.  5  and  6,  which  contain  '  Don 
Juan,'  dated  1828,  published  by  J.  F. 
Dove,  St.  John's  Square,  London.  To  show 
that  cantos  17  and  18  resemble  Byron  a 
good  deal,  I  append  a  copy  of  verse  xci. 
canto  18 : — 
All  in  their  turn  have  sipped  of  pleasure's  draught, 

Some    drink    its    dregs,    while    others    madly 

waste  it — 
I,  in  my  time,  the  cup  have  deeply  quaffed, 

Though  once  'twas  dashed  before  I  well  could 

taste  it — 

Since  then,  though,  I  have  drank,  and  sung,  and 
laughed — 

Perhaps  I've  loved — however,  I  ve  replaced  it ; 
I  care  not  how  'twas  done — the  why  or  wherefore, 

'Twill  bring  the  grave— the  all  that  now  I  care 

J.  T.  ANDREWS. 

HARVARD  UNIVERSITY  :  THOMAS  SHEPARD. 
—Will  any  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  add 
to  or  correct  the  following  details  in  the  life 
of  Thomas  Shepard,  one  of  the  founders 
of  Harvard  University,  U.S.A.  ? 

Thomas  Shepard  was  born  in  the  year 
1604,  and  somewhere  about  1631  acted  as 
chaplain  to  Sir  Richard  Darley,  Kt.,  of 
Aldby  Park,  Buttercrambe,  in  the  parish 
of  Bossall,  in  the  North  Riding  of  York- 
shire. He  refused  to  subscribe  to  the 
XXXIX.  Articles,  and  was  consequently 
"  silenced  "  by  Archbishop  Neile.  There  is 
an  entry  in  the  Register  of  the  parish  as 
follows  :  "  1632.  Mr.  Thomas  Shepard  and 
Mrs.  Margarit  Tutvile  were  married  the 
23  of  July."  "  Tutvile "  is  evidently  a 
corruption  of  Estuteville,  a  family  of 
Norman  origin,  owners  of  the  manor  of 
Scrayingham  in  the  East  Riding,  which  in 
those  days  included  Bossall  and  Butter- 
crambe, on  the  west  side  of  the  river  Derwent. 
Mistress  Margaret  was  a  relative  of  Mr. 
Shepard' s  patron,  Sir  Richard  Darley  ;  and 
after  their  marriage  they  emigrated  amongst 
the  Pilgrim  Fathers  to  New  England, 
landing  at  Boston  on  October  3,  1635. 
Mrs.  Shepard  died  in  the  following  year, 
and  Mr.  Shepard  married  again  on  two 
subsequent  occasions,  dying  at  Boston, 
August  25,  1649.  He  was  a  man  of  vision 
and  forceful  character,  and  in  1636  took  a 
leading  part  in  founding  the  College  which 
is  now  known  as  Harvard  University. 

WILLMORE  HOOPER. 
Bossall  Vicarage,  York. 


180 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919. 


"•  AS     JOLLY     AS     SANDBOYS." Has     this 

not  very  recondite  simile  been  investigated  ? 
For  my  own  part  I  did  not  know  what 
"  sandboys  "  were  until  I  read  the  following 
passage  in  the  '  Letters  of  Dr.  John  Brown  '  : 

"  The  long  strings  of  donkeys  carrying  neat 
little  bags  of  white  sand  of  the 'size  and  shape  of 
Bologna  sausages  (these  are  brought  from 
Brompton  and  are  used  for  sanding  the  floors), 
winding  through  the  narrow  streets,  with  two  or 
three  boys  in  their  pure  white  or  yellow  frocks, 
are  very  pretty." 

This  is  in  a  letter  written  from  Chatham  in 
1831.     Is  the  industry  quite  of  the  past  ? 
JOHN  WILLCOCK. 
Lerwick. 

DURBOW  CASTLE,  near  Tullamore,  King's 
County,  was  erected  by  Hugh  de  Lacy  on 
the  site  of  a  famous  monastery,  which  was 
given  to  the  Herberts,  and  later  passed  into 
Lord  Norbury's  family.  Any  information 
will  be  appreciated.  E.  C.  FINLAY. 

1G34  Hyde  Street,  San  Francisco,  California. 

Miss  HELEN  MARIA  WILLIAMS.—  Infor- 
mation as  to  parentage  and  characteristics 
of  this  remarkable  lady  who  enthusiastically 
espoused  the  French  Revolution  is  de- 
siderated. ANETJRIN  WILLIAMS. 
Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

MORBTJS  ANGLICUS.— What  was  this  dis- 
ease in  the  fifteenth  century  ?  Was  it,  or 
was  it  not,  the  sweating  sickness  ?  On  a 
brass  on  a  stone  in  St.  Laurence  Church, 
Hatfield,  Yorks,  is  the  following  :  — 

Qui  in  cruoem  moritur 

Peccatis  Thomse  misereatur 

Stones,  gen.  qui  multis 

Passus  est  serumneis. 

Qui  per  morburn  Anglicum 

Mortuus  eat  demum 
Die  pro  anima  Ave  Maria  et  Pater  Noster 

Decessit  M.CCCC.II.  Septemb. 

In  the  next  century  and  later  the  disease  of 
that  name  was  the  consumption  ;  and,  Dr. 
Gideon  Harvey  published  a  work  called 
'  Morbus  Anglicus,  or,  an  Anatomy  of  Con- 
sumption,' in  1671.  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 
Consett,  co.  Durham. 

GENERAL  JOHN  NICHOLSON. — The  pedigree 
of  the  celebrated  John  Nicholson  is  wanted. 

(Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 
Finchampstead,  Berks. 

SIR  THOMAS  COLBY. — I  shall  be  glad  of 
any  information  enabling  me  to  trace  the 
relationship  between  Sir  Thomas  Colby, 
Bart.,  who  died  Sept.  23,  1729,  and  the 
Thomas  Colby  mentioned  in  his  will  as  his 
kinsman.  CHARLES  CLAY. 

11  Tite  Street,  Chelsea. 


HERALDIC  :  WOOLMER,  LIPHOOK,  HANTS. 
— Can  any  one  tell  me  whose  is  this  coat  of 
arms  ?  1st  grand  quarter :  1st  and  4th, 
paly  of  six  or  and  gules,  2nd  and  3rd,  01*, 
two  bulls  gules  ;  3rd  quarter :  a  saltire 
gules  within  a  bordure  of  fleur  de  lys ; 
4th :  or,  3  bends  gules  ;  5th :  az.  3  lions 
passant  guardant  or  ;  6th :  vair,  az.  and 
arg.,  a  chief  gules.  Impaling :  1st  grand 
quarter :  1st  and  4th,  France,  2nd  and  3rd, 
gules  ;  2nd  grand  quarter :  1st  and  4th, 
arg.,  a  dragon  rampant  gules  ;  2nd  and  3rd, 
gules,  a  lion  rampant  ;  3rd  :  gules,  a  chevron 
or  between  2  stars  arg.  ;  4th  :  az.,  a  bend  or 
between  3  stars  arg.  ;  5th :  az.,  semee  of 
fleur  de  lis  or,  a  bendlet  gules ;  6th :  or, 
a  cross  az.  between  4  stars.  Over  all  on  a 
shield  of  pretence,  az.,  a  bar  or,  and  in  fesse 
a  circle  or. 

The  achievement  is  surrounded  by  the 
collar  and  badge  of  the  French  order  of  St. 
Michael,  and  underneath  the  latter  is  the 
eight-pointed  cross  badge  with  the  dove  on 
it  of  the  French  order  of  the  St.  Esprit, 
and  the  date  1647.  Surmounting  the  coat 
of  arms  is  a  Marquis  (?)  coronet,  and  at  each 
side  of  the  latter  smaller  coronets  round  a 
large  initial  H. 

The  whole  device  is  on  a  window  in 
Woolmer  House,  Bramshott,  Hants,  for- 
merly the  residence  of  Sir  Archibald 
Macdonald,  Bart. 

(Miss)  A.   F.   MACONCHY. 

Fowley,  Liphook,  Hants. 

BOWSHOT  :  THE  LONGEST.  — The  Daily 
Mail  of  June  24,  1913,  says  :  — 

"  Mr.  Ingo  Simon,  a  member  of  the  Royal  Toxo- 
philite  Society,  shot  an  arrow  459  yards  8  in.  on 
Friday  at  the  annual  archery  meeting  at  Le 
Touquet,  France.  His  next  best  shot  was  2  yards 
shorter.  This  distance  was  measured  by  a  quali- 
fied surveyor.  Mr.  Simon  used  two  Turkish  bows, 
made  of  buffalo  horn  and  antelope  sinew,  pulling 
80  Ib.  and  60  Ib.  Both  bows  were  over  200  years 
old.  The  longest  distance  with  a  yew  bow  was 
236  yards  7ft.  [>'c]." 

The    newspaper    states    that    this    was    the 
longest    bow-and-arrow   shot    since    1794. 

Where  and  on  what  occasion  was  the  shot 
made  in  1794,  and  what  was  the  make  and 
style  of  bow  ?  Is  there  any  record  of  a 
longer  shot  previously  ? 

HERBERT  SOTJTHAM. 
i 

JEREMIAH  WAINEWRIGHT. — Can  any  one 
tell  me  where  I  can  find  the  will  of  Jeremiah 
Wainewright  or  Wainwright,  postmaster  at 
Ferrybridge,  Yorkshire,  who  died  Dec.  1, 
and  was  buried  Dec.  4,  1696,  at  Ferrybridge  ? 
JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

Union  Club,  Trafalgar  Square,  S.W.I. 


12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


181 


FISH-YARD. — Can,  any  of  your  readers 
kindly  inform  me,  or  give  me  references,  as 
to  the  meaning  of  "  fish-yard,"  as  found  so 
often  in  the  '  Records  of  the  Honour  of 
Halton '  ?  A  typical  quotation  is  as 
follows  :  "  On  Mar.  30,  1672,  a  tenant  at 
Thelwall  was  fined  for  the  old  offence  of 
making  his  fish -yard  in  the  midstream  of  the 
Mersey."  G.  A.  DUNLOP. 

Warrington  Museum. 

FENNER  FAMILY. — The  Sussex  Record 
Society's  vol.  iii.  contains  on  p.  41  the 
following  :  — 

"  John  Fenner  of  Amberley,  Esq.,  died  25  Dec., 
9th  Elizabeth.  Son  and  heir  Dudley  Fenner  age 
6  (?).  Inq.  at  Steyninge  26  Sept.,  9th  Elizabeth." 

The  '  D.N.B.'  has  an  article  on  the 
Nonconformist  Mr.  Dudley  Fenner  (1558?- 
1587),  who  is  stated  to  have  been  born  in 
Kent,  "  heire  of  great  possessions,"  who  was 
at  Cranbrook  in  1575-6  and  again  in  1583, 
ultimately  retiring  to  Holland,  where  he 
died  in  1587.  Did  the  latter  Dudley  enter 
either  of  the  Universities  ?  If  so,  is  his 
parentage  recorded  ?  R.  J.  FYNMORE. 
Sandgate. 

BOULOGNE  :  REGISTERS  AND  EPITAPHS, 
&c. — I  have  a  note  that  the  records  of 
English  births,  marriages,  and  deaths  at 
Boulogne-sur-Mer  were  transcribed  by  one 
Col.  Tinley — query  when  ?  And  where  are 
they  printed  ?  My  note  also  says  that  some 
notice  of  these  epitaphs  in  the  Protestant 
Cemetery  at  Boulogne  appeared  in  The 
British  Architect  in  1913.  Is  there  any  other 
work  on  these  matters  ?  J.  W.  F. 

THE  MILLION  BANK. — In  the  'D.N.B.' 
and  elsewhere  are  mentions  of  Nathaniel 
Neal  (the  son  of  Daniel  Neal,  divine  and 
historian,  1678-1743,  and  nephew  of 
Nathaniel  Lardner,  Nonconformist  author, 
1683-1768)  describing  him  as  "  an  eminent 
attorney  and  secretary  to  the  Million  Bank." 
What  was  the  institution  thus  named  ? 

W.  B.  H. 

BLACKMAN  AND  SAMPSON  FAMILIES  OF 
SUSSEX. — I  should  be  obliged  for  any 
particulars  concerning  the  ancestry  of  John 
Blackman  of  Hooe,  Sussex  (will  dated 
June  7,  1789,  proved  at  Lewes,  Jan.  27, 
1798),  also  of  his  wife,  who  was  a  daughter 
of  Richard  Sampson  of  Ninfield,  Sussex. 
I  have  been  unable  to  obtain  a  copy  of 
'  Pedigree  of  Blackman  of  East  Sussex,'  by 
Mrs.  Stephen  Batson,  1901,  broadside, 
which  may  contain  some  of  the  information 
I  require.  H.  E.  RUDKIN,  Maj or. 

21  Vanbrugh  Park,  Blackheath,  8.E.3.  I 


"  THUNDER." — Indian  servants  are  said  to 
give  the  name  "  thunder -box  "  to  a  night- 
stool.  This  is  thought  merely  amusing. 
But  I  find  an  evil  odour,  or  rather  the 
mental  effect  of  it,  called  "  thunder "  by 
George  Herbert  (b.  1593).  I  quote  from  his 
poem  '  Content '  :  — 

The  brags  of  life  are  but  a  nine  days'  wonder, 
And  after  death  the  fumes  that  spring 

From  private  bodies  make  as  big  a  thunder 
As  those  which  rise  from  a  huge  king. 

The  '  N.E.D.'  does  not  seem  to  elucidate 
the  usage.  What  I  wish  to  know  is  :  was  it 
carried  to  India  by  English  pioneers,  or  is 
its  present  existence  a  coincidence  due  to 
native  ingenuity  ?  J.  K. 

South  Africa. 

BRESLAU. — On  looking  through  some  un- 
published minutes  of  the  Church  of  Scotland 
Presbytery  of  Shetland,  I  found  that  in 
the  middle  of  the  eighteenth  century 
collections  were  made  in  the  parish  churches 
of  Shetland  for  the  churches  in  Breslau. 
Could  any  of  your  correspondents  explain 
what  it  was  in  the  circumstances  of  the 
time  that  called  for  this  exercise  of  Christian 
charity  ?  JOHN  WILLCOCK. 

Lerwick. 

THAMES  TUNNELS  :  BIBLIOGRAPHY. — In 
making  some  research  into  the  biblio- 
graphy of  the  several  Thames  tunnels,  both 
Brunei's  achievement  and  its  predecessors, 
I  have  met  with  some  perplexing  identifica- 
tions. 

R.  Dodd's  proposal  for  the  Gravesend- 
Tilbury  "  dry  tunnel  or  passage  "  is  familiar 
to  me  in  his  pamphlet  '  Reports  with  Plans, 
Sections,  &c.,'  1798,  and  the  opposing 
critical  "  Observations  on  the  Intended 
Tunnel,'  &c.,  by  Charles  Clarke,  F.S.A., 
1799;  but  I  believe  Dodd's  scheme  was 
attempted  so  far  as  sinking  a  shaft  on  the 
Kent  shore  and  then  stopped  owing  to 
flooding  from  land  springs.  I  am  informed 
by  a  friend  that  he  has  seen  pamphlets  and 
lampoons  on  this  failure  of  the  project. 
Can  any  reader  confirm  this  with  a  few 
bibliographical  detail  ? 

On  the  Rotherhithe  Driftway  of  1809 
I  have  failed  to  trace  a  single  pamphlet  or 
publication,  yet  it  was  actually  constructed 
for  over  1,000  feet  or  within  130  feet  of  the 
opposite  shore.  Did  this  undertaking  and 
its  partial  success  pass  unnoticed  and  un- 
sung, except  for  the  contemporary  press  ? 

Apparently,  M.  J.  Brunei's  first  pam- 
phlet was  issued  in  1824.  The  copy  in  my 
collection  came  from  Sir  William  Tite's 


182 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  „.  v. JCLY,  19.9. 


library,  who  has  added  the  date  and  a  note  : 
"  This  is  the  original  prospectus  of  Brunei 
and  it  will  be  seen  that  the  estimated  cost 
is  left  blank."  This  consists  of  4  pp.,  8vo, 
with  a  large  folding  plan  reprinted  or  added 
from  The  Philosophical  Magazine,  vol.  Ixii. 
part  2.  I  infer  there  was  originally  a 
wrapper  to  provide  a  title-page,  apparently 
now  missing,  but  I  seek  comparison  with 
other  copies  or  information  that  will 
correct  or  confirm  Tite's  note. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 
51  Rutland  Park  Mansions,  N.W.2. 

Miss  SARAH  FIELDING  :  YEW  COTTAGE. — 
Local  histories  and  guides  tell  that  Ralph 
Allen  of  Prior  Park  allowed  Miss  Sarah 
Fielding  a  free  cottage,  known  as  Yew 
Cottage,  Church  Lane,  Widcombe,  being 
just  outside  Prior  Park.  What  authority 
is  there  for  this  ?  M.  N.  L. 

"  BOCHE  "  :  "  SNOB." — Are  the  following 
possible  etymologies  ? — 

Boche  :  M.  Masson  in  '  The  Early  Chroni- 
clers of  Europe:  France,'  c.  11,  quotes: 
"  On  m'apele  bochu  [Picard  for  bossu],  mais 
je  ne  le  suis  mie." — From  Adam  de  la  Halle, 
circa  1280. 

Snob  :  "  Una  conversazione  inarmonica 
e  snobilitante "  (Silvio  Pellico,  *  Le  mie 
prigione,'  c.  40,  1833;.  H.  C— N. 

MANOR  RECORDS. — Where  can  I  find 
records  of  manors  ;  also  information  as  to 
what  manors  exist  in  a  parish  ?  Would  the 
lord  of  the  manor  keep  them,  and  if  the 
lordship  is  vested  in  the  Crown,  who  would 
have  them  ?  M.D.,  E.E.F. 

GARRETT,  PORTUGUESE  POET.  — All 
visitors  to  Lisbon  know  the  Rua  Garrett, 
which  is  named  after  the  most  famous 
nineteenth -century  poet  of  Portugal,  Joao 
Baptista  da  Silva  Leitao  de  Almeida  Garrett, 
who  was  born  in  1799  at  39  Rua  do  Calvario, 
Oporto,  and  was  buried  at  Belem,  in  1854, 
in  the  church  of  the  Con  vent  o  dos  Jeronymos 
de  Belem.  His  surname  would  seem  to 
connote  Irish  or  British  origin.  Is  any- 
thing known  about  his  Irish  or  British 
ancestors  ?  JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

"  ABDOLLA." — A  familiar  Morning  Post 
reviewer,  in  the  issue  of  April  10,  speaking 
of  '  The  Years  Between  *  said  :  "  Mr.  Kipling 
would  have  nothing  of  '  abdolla  cloak  of 
sweated  verbiage,  this  squeamishness  at 
the  sight  of  truth.'  "  What  was  meant  by 
the  word  "  abdolla  "  ? 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Boad,  Carnarvon. 


CHARLES  I.  :  HIS  JOURNEY  FROM  OXFORD 
TO  SOUTHWELL. — I  am  anxious  to  discover, 
if  possible,  the  exact  route  taken  by  King 
Charles  I.  in  his  journey  from  Oxford  to 
Southwell,  April  27  to  May  5,  1646.  I  have 
consulted  Peck's  *  Desiderata  Curiosa  '  and 
Rulshworth's  *  Historical  Collections,'  but 
they  leave  the  matter  in  doubt. 

(Rev.)  R.  PARK. 
Highnam  Vicarage,  Gloucester. 

BERKSHIRE  INSCRIPTIONS  ON  TOMB- 
STONES.— I  am  making  a  collection  from 
tombstones  for  genealogical  purposes,  and 
shall  be  glad  of  inscriptions  from  church- 
yards in  Berkshire.  Please  reply  direct. 
(Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 

Finch  ampstead  Place,  Berks. 

NORFOLK  MANUSCRIPTS. — On  July  31, 
1888,  Messrs.  Christie,  Manson  &  Woods 
sold  by  auction  several  collections  of  Norfolk 
manuscripts,  viz.  :  Frere's,  Norris's,  and 
Fenn's.  Lot  No.  10  in  the  sale  catalogue 
was  :  — 

"  Norris.  Collection  of  the  Pedigrees  of  Norfolk 
Families,  digested  in  Alphabetical  Order,  and 
compiled  from  Public  Evidences,  Wills.  Records, 
Title  Deeds,  and  Monuments  ;  with  Index,  2  vols, 
folio,  and  Index  8vo,  half-bound  calf." 

I  am  anxious  to  trace  this  item  to  its  present 
owner,  and  should  be  very  grateful  for  any 
assistance.  Mr.  Quaritch"  bought  it  at  the 
sale  for  10Z.,  and  sold  it  again  later,  but  there 
's  no  record  of  the  purchaser's  name. 

CHAS.  A.  BERNAU. 
20  Charleville  Road,  N.14. 

BARNARD  OR  BERNARD. — Thomas  Barnard, 

D.D.,    Vicar    of   Pirton    1548-82,    was   (vide 

Visitations     of     Oxfordshire  ')     descended 

rom  the  Barnards  of  Enderby  (Ainderby), 

co.  York.     What  relation  was  he,  if  any,  to 

he  Barnard   of  Fountains,   co.    York,  who 

carried  a   daughter   of  Sir  Richard  Acton 

(vide   'Visitations   of  Essex')?     Are  there 

any  records  or  books  wheie  this  information 

might  be  obtained  ? 

"  Francis  Barnard  of  Margatyne  [Mar- 
garetting]  in  com.  Essex,  esquire,  sonne  and 
heir,  gentleman,  Porter  of  ye  Tower,  where 
he  lyeth  buryed  with  hatchments,  6  April, 
1612."  Was  he  related  to  Edwardus  Bar- 
nard, who  on  May  20,  1630,  was  granted  the 
office  of  Janitor  Superior  in  the  Tower  of 
London  during  his  life  (vide  Rymer's 
'  Fcedera,'  t.  viii.  part  iii.  p.  164)  ?  Where 
can  any  information  be  found  about  these 
officers  of  the  Tower  of  London  ? 

H.  C.  BARNARD. 
The  Warren,  Burnham,  Somerset. 


12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


183 


DEVONIAN  PRIESTS  EXECUTED  IN  1548-9. 
(See  ante,  p.  131.) — Can  any  of  your  corre- 
spondents give  ome  information  con- 
cerning a  Devon  and  Somerset  priest,  who 
after  a  most  adventurous  life,  including  such 
events  as  an  escape  from  the  Tower  and 
torture  on  the  rack,  is  believed  to  have  been 
executed  ? — a  point  I  should  be  glad  to 
olear  up.  I  should  be  still  more  glad  if  I 
could  learn  with  certainty  his  parentage. 
I  refer  to  a  George  Stocker,  who  for  many 
years  lived  in  exile  with  the  Earl  of  West- 
morland, took  active  part  in  the  Babbington 
conspiracy,  and  was  imprisoned  in  the  Tower 
and  Newgate.  There  is  strong  evidence  that 
he  was  a  member  of  the  Somerset  family 
(itself  an  offshoot  from  the  Bedfordshire  one), 
and  was  probably  related  to  Dom  Augustine 
Stocker  of  Downside  and  Glastonbury. 

CHARLES  J.  STOCKER. 
The  White  Horse,  Brundall,  Norfolk. 

SOCIETY  FOR  PRESERVING  THE  MEMORIALS 
OF  THE  DEAD. — A  society  with  this  name 
was  founded  at  Norwich  in  or  about  1883. 
Is  it  still  in  existence,  and  what  are  its 
objects  ?  Has  it  published  any  works,  and, 
if  so,  what  are  they  ?  J.  W.  F. 

FUND  FOR  PRESERVING  MEMORIALS  OF 
rHE  DEAD  IN  IRELAND. — I  have  a  report  of 
this  Fund  for  1888  or  1889  (date  wanting). 
Can  any  one  say  when  the  Fund  was  started, 
and  if  it  is  still  in  existence  ?  What 
reports,  &c.,  has  it  issued  ?  J.  W.  F. 

ETCHINGS  BY  T.  PARKER,  1838. — Mr. 
Parker's  print-shop  in  Panton  Street  will  be 
a,  pleasant  memory  to  many  readers.  He 
survived  to  a  patriarchal  age,  but  I  cannot 
team  anything  of  the  history  of  the  business 
}ther  than  it  had  migrated  from  Wardour 
Street  (then  Princes  Street).  It  was  possibly 
:iis  father  who  etched  in  1838  some  small 
elates  (3|  in.  by  2  in.)  of  views  near  London. 
Fhe  specimen  before  me  shows  two  horsemen 
ind  a  toll-keeper  at  the  entrance  to  a  rising, 
:ree-arched  road.  A  milestone  inscribed 
'  X  miles  to  London  "  possibly  helps  the 
attribution  of  the  scene  being  the  toll-gate 
iear  the  Bull  and  Bush,  Hampstead  Heath. 
\  further  pencil  note  identifies  the  print  as 
'  Etched  by  T.  Parker,  printseller,  Princes 
Street,  1838."  The  late  Mr.  Fawcett  years 
igo  advised  me  of  these  etchings,  saying 
here  were  six  in  the  set  and  very  few  im- 
>re&sions,  but  this  is  the  only  example  I  have 
net  with.  I  should  be  glad  of  any  informa- 
tion about  these  etchings. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 
51  Rutland  Park  Mansions,  N.W.2. 


AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — Can  any 
reader  supply  the  whole  (with  authors  and  sources) 
of  the  following  poems? — 

1.  Grandmother's  garden  was  edged  with  box, 

And  quaint  were  the  flowers  that  grew : 
Foxglove  and  fennel  and  ladylocks, 

Marjoram,  mint  and  rue. 
Fragrant  it  was  with  mullen  pink, 

And  lilies  of  white  and  gold  ; 
Never  was  sweeter  a  spot  I  think— 

Grandmother's  garden  old. 

2.  In  a  small  New  England  garden, 

Midst  the  larkspur  and  the  box, 
Where  the  gold-glow  is  blooming 
With  the  brilliant  hollyhocks, 
Stands  a  little  sad-eyed  mother. 

W.  M.  DODSON. 
63  North  wick  Road,  Evesham. 

3.  Could  any  one  kindly  tell  me  who  wrote  a 
ballad  which  begins  as  follows  ? — 
Now  praise  to  the  Lord  Almighty :  there  is  no 

God  but  One. 
Mahomet  is  his  prophet  and  his  will  shall  ever  be 

done. 
I  rather  think  it  was  written  in  India. 

PHILIP  WITTAM. 

WThitmoor  House,  Sutton  Park,  near  Guildford. 

4.     Can  any  reader  inform  me  who  wrote  the 
following  lines,  and  give  any  references? — 
He  was  better  than  all  my  doubts  and  fears  ; 
He  made  a  bridge  of  my  broken  hopes 
And  a  rainbow  of  my  tears. 

GIFFORD  H.  JOHNSON. 
Feltham,  97  Park  Lane,  Croydon. 


KENT  FAMILY  OF  WINCHESTER  AND 
READING. 

(12  S.  iv.  187,  274;  v.  52,  106.) 

MAY  I  be  allowed  to  add  a  few  supplementary 
notes  to  the  article  which  appeared  at  the 
penultimate  reference  ? 

WINCHESTER. 

Robert  Kent,  Proctor  for  Winchester 
College  in  the  Court  of  Arches,  1450—1. 
It  was  suggested  that  he  was  probably 
dentical  with  Robert  the  brother  of  Master 
Thomas  Kent.  I  am  informed  that  Robert 
bhe  brother  was  a  Bachelor  of  Laws.  His 
will,  in  which  he  is  described  as  of  Hede- 
corn,  Kent,  occurs  in  the  Calendar  of 
Lambeth  Wills  for  1486  (109  Warham). 
The  two  brothers  founded  a  chantry  at 
Headcorn  temp.  Edward  IV.,  the  objects  o 
the  foundation  being  (a)  for  the  souls  of 


184 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  JULY,  1919. 


their  own  families  and  (b)  for  the  souls'- of 
those  killed  in  the  battles  of  Northampton, 
Mortimer's  Cross,  St.  Albans,  Wakefield 
and  Sherborne,  special  mention  being  made 
of  the  Duke  of  York,  the  Earl  of  Rutland, 
and  the  Earl  of  Salisbury.  The  original 
Chantry  Book,  a  Latin  MS.  of  13  folios, 
dated  1483,  is  in  the  possession  of  E. 
Williams,  Esq.,  who  has  kindly  supplied  the 
particulars  above  stated.  Master  Thomas 
Kent,  Doctor  of  Laws,  was  buried  in  the 
Church  of  St.  James  Garlickhithe,  London, 
near  to  his  former  wife  Isabella.  His 
second  wife  Joan,  daughter  of  Sampson 
and  Joan  Haynes,  and  widow  of  Thomas 
Dounton,  was  subsequently  buried  there. 
Her  will,  dated  July  12,  2  Hen.  VII.,  1486, 
was  proved  Nov.  3,  1492  (P.C.C.  15  Doggett). 
See  Hasted's  'Kent,'  by  H.  H.  Drake, 
part  i.  p.  48.  The  signature  of  the  said 
Thomas  Kent  is  preserved  in  Brit.  Mus. 
Cott.  MS.  Galba  B.I,  151  ('  D.N.B.'). 

James  Kent,  musician.  His  wife  Eliza- 
beth, dan.  of  John  Freeman,  died  Dec.  10, 
1736.  Grove's  '  Dictionary  of  Music  and 
Musicians,'  Lond.  1880,  vol.  ii.  p.  50. 

READING. 

W.  R.  W.'s  contribution  (ante,  p.  106) 
regarding  Clement  Kent  of  Thatcham,  M.P., 
and  the  descendants  of  Griffith  Kent  of 
South  wark,  Norway  merchant,  is  very 
serviceable.  "  The  grandfather  of  Clement 
Kent,  Esq.,  of  Thatcham,  late  Member  of 
Parliament  for  Reading,  and  my  wife's 
grandfather  Griffith  Kent  (who  was  born 
at  Sunning,  Berks),  were  brothers'  sons." 
See  '  A  Genealogical  Account  of  the  Family 
of  Druce  of  Goreing,  co.  Oxon,'  by  George 
Druce,  Lond.  1735,  p.  29.  The  relation- 
ship stated  ante,  p.  52  (No.  7),  is  therefore 
confirmed.  The  names  of  Griffith  Kent 
and  John  Shorter,  merchants,  appear  on  the 
committee  mentioned  in  an  Act  of  July  14, 
1659,  for  settling  the  Militia  for  the  Borough 
of  Southwark  ('  Acts  and  Ordinances  of  the 
Interregnum,'  vol.  ii.  p.  1312).  Griffith 
Kent  was  born  at  Sonning,  probably  in 
March,  1611/12.  The  entry  in  the  Church 
Register  reads,  "  Griffin  son  of  John  Kent  "; 
but  the  Register  for  that  period  being  a 
transcription,  the  name  Griffith  may  have 
been  wrongly  transcribed,  or  misappre- 
hended when  the  baptism  was  entered.  In 
his  will,  dated  Mar.  30,  1677,  proved  P.C.C. 
March,  1682/3  (Cottle  35),  he  is  described 
as  of  Redriffe,  co.  Middlesex,  merchant. 
He  desired  to  be  buried  in  the  parish  church 
of  St.  Saviour  in  Southwark  (Southwark 
Cathedral)  in  or  near  the  grave  or  graves  of 


his  wife  and  children.  His  stepson  Sir 
John  Shorter,  Kt.  (1625-1688),  Goldsmith, 
and  Lord  Mayor,  was  also  buried  there ; 
but  their  inscriptions  are  now  obliterated. 
The  Shorter  pedigree  occurs  in  Le  Neve's 
'  Knights  '  (Harl.  Soc.  vol.  viii.  p.  301).  Sir 
John  was  the  grandfather  of  Katharine- 
Shorter,  wife-  of  the  Rt.  Hon.  Sir  Robert 
Walpole,  K.G.,  afterwards  Earl  of  Orford. 
Her  sister  Charlotta  Shorter  was  married  to- 
Francis  Lord  Conway,  father  of  Francis,. 
Earl  of  Hertford  (James  Brown,  F.S.A.). 


As  regards  Elizabeth  Latham,  who  was 
married  to  Thomas  Kent,  brewer,  of  Sonning- 
(ante,  p.  53),  I  find  that  her  will,  dated 
Sept,  16,  1679,  proved  P.C.C.  June  8,  1680- 
(Bath  82),  appears  in  '  Geneal.  Gleanings 
in  England,'  by  Henry  F.  Waters,  A.M.,. 
Boston,  1901,  vol.  i.  p.  759.  It  bequeathed 
her  wedding  ring,  her  silver  tankard,  and 
her  Great  Bible  (probably  Cranmer's).  By~ 
her  said  marriage  it  is  interesting  to  state 
that  she  became  stepmother  to  John  Kent 
of  St.  Michael  Bassishaw,  London,  merchant,, 
citizen,  and  Merchant  Taylor  (ante,  p.  53). 
The  said  John  Kent  was  bur.*  "wrapped 
in  woollen  onely,"  Feb.  6,  1694,  and  his  wife 
Elizabeth  -  -  was  buried  *  in  woollen,. 
Mar.  8,  1708.  Her  will,  dated  Jan.  22,  1702,. 
was  proved  P.C.C.  March,  1708  (Barrett  64). 
They  had  the  following  issue  :  — 

1.  John  Kent  living  Sept.  16,  1679,  prob- 
ably dead  Sept.  19,  1693. 

2.  Ruth,  of  whom  presently. 

3.  Walter  Kent  of  Kingston-upon-Thames,, 
Esq.,  formerly  Turkey  merchant,  died  Feb- 
ruary,   1746,  cet.   84,  presumably  s.p.s.     He 
married  (M/ L  April  11,  1688)  Eleanor,  dau. 
of  Thomas  Whincopp  of  Esher,  co.  Surrey. 
She    was    living    Oct.    27,  1724.     His    willv 
dated  July  8,  1740,  was  proved  P.C.C.  March,. 
1746  (Edmunds  90). 

4.  Elizabeth,  cet.    22    years    July,    1687,. 
married  (i.)  to  Charles  Mitchell,  who  died 
ante  January,   1702,  leaving  a  son  Edward 
Mitchell,   and   (ii.)   to  William   Brown,   by 
whom  she  had  Eleanor  and  Hannah.     Thejr 
were  living  Jan.  22,  1702. 

5.  Hannah,  married*   May  18,    1695,    by 
licence  to  Robert  Hooke,  Esq.     She  was  a 
widow    Jan.    22,     1702,    with    a    daughter 
Elizabeth. 

Ruth  Kent  aforesaid,  the  eldest  dau.,  was 
twice  married :  Istly,*  Aug.  31,  1679,  by 
licence,  to  William  Kent  of  London,  mer- 
chant, who  was  bur.*  in  woollen,  April  17r 


*  St.    Michael    Bassishaw,    now    united    with 
St.  Lawrence  Jewry. 


12  S.  V.JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


185 


1706— his  will,  dated  Jan.  11,  1680,  was 
proved  P.C.C.  April  20,  1706  (Ledes  90); 
2ndly  (M/L  Sept.  11,  1710)  to  John  Austen. 
They  were  both  living  Oct.  27,  1724.  By 
William  Kent,  her  first  husband,  she  had 

1.  John  Kent  bap.*  Aug.  17,  1680,  prob. 
«Iead  Sept.  19,  1693. 

2.  William    Kent    bap.*    Jan.    19,    1683, 
prob.  dead  Jan.  3,  1710. 

3.  Elizabeth    bur.*    July    29,     1703,    in 
woollen  only. 

4.  Ruth,   living   Jan.    22,    1702,    mar.    to 
Thomas  Barker  and  had  Ruth,  a  spinster, 
living  Sept.  12,  1759. 

5.  Chidiock  Kent  of  Romsey,  co.  Southton, 
«sq.     Will    dated    Sept.    12,    1759,    proved 
P.C.C.  June  20,  1760  (Lynch  245).     Like  his 
uncle  Walter  Kent  of  Kingston-on-Thames, 
he  died  presumably  s.p.s. 

The  said  William  Kent  of  London,  mer- 
chant, had  two  brothers,  also  London 
merchants,  and  two  sisters  ;  and  it  may  be 
well  to  mention  them  for  genealogical 
record. 

1.  Anne,  mar.  to  William  Naish  of  Salis- 
bury  and   had   a   dau.    Mary.     They   were 
living  Oct.  27,  1724. 

2.  Deborah,  mar.    to Rooke.     She 

was    a    widow    Oct.    27,    1724,    with    three 
•children    (under    age    April    5,    1716),  Giles, 
Deborah,  and    Mary.      On    Sept.    12,    1759, 
Giles    is    described    as    Giles    Rooke,    Esq., 
Deborah  a  spinster,  and  Mary  as  deceased. 
Mary,  the  last  named,  was  mar.  to  Joseph 
Pearce  of  Lymington,  co.  Southton,  apothe- 
cary, and  had  by  him  four  daughters,  Mary, 
-Ann,  Bathia  (?)  and  Sophia,  all  unm.  at  that 
date. 

3.  Stephen   Kent   of   London,   merchant, 
.apprenticed  to  John  Kent   of   St.   Michael 
Bassishaw,  merchant,  see  supra.     Described 
.as  of  Richmond,  co.   Surrey,  gent.,  in  his 
will    dated    Oct.    27,    1724,    proved    P.C.C. 
Jan.  27,  1726/7  (Farrant  16).     He  was  bur.* 
Jan.    21,    1727,    in   woollen    "  near   to   his 
brother    William "  in    terms   of    said    will. 
He  appears  to  have  died  unmar.     A  former 
will  dated  Jan.  3,  1710,  was  some  years  ago 
in  the  writer's   possession.     The   armorials 
on  the  seal  attached  to  the  signature  may 
be     stated    thus :     Coat — a    lion    passant - 
guardant,     a     chief    erm.     Crest — a     lion's 
head,  erased,  collared  and  lined — similar   to 
those  borne  by  Clement  Kent  of  Thatcham, 
M.P.,      see      Burke's      '  General     Armory.' 

*  St.    Michael     Bassishaw,    now    united    with 
St.  Lawrence  Jewry. 


They,  however,  differ  slightly  from  the 
original  grant  by  Richard  St.  George, 
Norroy,  July  24,  1615,  to  Roger  Kent  of 
Coppenhall,  co.  Chester. 

4.  Charles  Kent  of  London,  merchant. 
'  The  History  of  Shiplake,  Oxon,'  by  Emily 
J.  Climenson,  Lond.  1894,  alludes  to  him, 
p.  305,  as  "  a  rich  merchant  who  owned 
property  in  several  counties,  also  important 
estates  in  Jamaica."  He  died  April  14, 
1716,  cet.  49,  and  was  bur.  at  Folke,  co. 
Dorset  (Hutchins's  '  Dorset,'  vol.  iv.  p.  55). 
Will  dated  April  5,  1716,  proved  P.C'C. 
13th  idem  (Fox  75).  Susanna,  his  wife,  died 
Feb.  16,  1718,  and  was  bur.  with  him.  Her 
will,  which  describes  her  as  of  West  Hall, 
co.  Dorset,  is  dated  Feb.  2,  and  was  proved 
P.C.C.  Mar.  9,  1718  (Browning  49).  They 
left  surviving  issue,  three  co-heiresses, 
viz.  :  (i.)  Susanna,  bap.  Jan.  20,  1704/5  ; 
died  1791.  She  was  mar.  1722  to  Henry, 
son  of  James  Jennings,  M.P.,  of  Shiplake 
Court,  Oxon.  He  died  in  France  in  1739. 
See  tablet  in  Shiplake  Church.  They  had 
a  son,  Henry  Constantino  Jennings,  "  vir- 
tuoso "  (1731-1819)  ('D.N.B.').  In  1816 
he  claimed  the  Earldom  of  Warwick  and 
Salisbury  and  royal  descent  from  King 
Edward  III.  (Mr.  James  Coleman).  (ii.)  Char- 
lotte, mar.  at  Shiplake  by  licence  Dec.  18, 
1725,  to  John  Dalby  of  Hurst,  co.  Berks, 
esq.,  and  was  living  July  26,  1737.  (iii.)  Dul- 
cibella,  bap.  April  17,  1711,  living  Oct.  271, 
1724. 

Susanna  and  Dulcibella  were  bap.  at  St. 
Bartholomew  the  Great,  and  their  two 
brothers  Charles  and  William,  who  died 
infants  January,  1707/8,  were  buried  in 
the  chancel  there. 

I  have  to  express  my  indebtedness  in 
preparing  the  above  notes  to  the  Rev. 
G.  P.  Crawfurd,  M.A.,  Vicar  of  Sonning, 
and  the  Rev.  J.  Stephen  Barrass,  Rector 
of  St.  Lawrence  Jewry,  for  extracts  from 
their  church  registers  ;  and  also  to  earlier 
contributions  to  my  collection  by  the  late 
Col.  J.  L.  Chester,  D.C.L.,  LL.D.,  and  the 
late  Dr.  G.  W.  Marshall,  afterwards  Somerset 
Herald. 

Col.  Chester  also  supplied  the  following 
baptisms  from  the  Registers  of  St.  Luke, 
Chelsea,  relating  to  Clement  Kent,  M.P. 
(ante,  pp.  52,  106).  Some  reader  may  be 
glad  of  them  :  — 

1707,  Aug.  17.  Richard,  son  of  Clement 
Kent,  gent. 

1714,  April  25.  Sebastian,  son  of  Capt. 
Clement  Kent.  p  RAMSEY-KENT. 

82  Victoria  Street,  Westminster,  S.W. 


186 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          (12  s.  v.  JULY,  191*. 


There  is  a  pedigree  of  the  Kent  family  of 
Wadworth,  mentioned  at  the  last  reference, 
in  Hunter's  *  South  Yorkshire,'  i.  (1828),  254 
— four  generations.  In  the  same  volume  are 
references  to  members  of  the  Kent  family  of 
Kimberworth  by  Rotherham,  pp.  195  and 
401,  and  in  vol.  ii.  (1831),  pp.  13,  353. 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 
Consett,  co.  Durham. 


DEVILS    BLOWING    HORNS    OR 
TRUMPETS. 

(12  S.  iv.   134,  201,  308;  v.  48.) 

CONTRASTING  with  the  castle  of  Heaven, 
where  angels  are  playing  musical  instru- 
ments, Hell,  with  devils  blowing  horns  from 
a  tower  and  personifications  of  vices,  appears 
in  a  wall  painting  formerly  in  a  church  at 
Stratford  -  on  -  Avon.  It  was  reproduced, 
before  its  being  whitewashed  again,  by 
Fisher  in  his  work  on  Stratford  paintings. 
Thomas  Sharp  had  it  in  his  magistral  study 
on  the  *  Coventry  Mediaeval  Plays,'  1825,  and 
it  is  to  be  found  again  in  many  modern 
books,  including  '  The  Plays  of  our  Fore- 
fathers,' by  Mr.  Charles  Mills  Gayley. 

The  last  work  has  a  reproduction  of 
Christhar  rowing  Hell  from  '  Ancient  Mys- 
teries Described  '  ;  one  devil  has  a  horn 
with  the  words  "  out,  out,  arought."  This 
print  may  be  the  same  as  the  one  given  by 
Hearne  in  the  appendix  to  his  edition  of 
Fordun's  '  Scotichronicon,'  vol.  v.  p.  1403, 
according  to  Th.  Sharp  (p.  60).  Another 
print  in  Th.  Sharp  (loc.  cit.  p.  63)  is  said  to 
be  an  ancient  German  wood- engraving, 
without  any  further  indication  of  source. 
Here  a  winged  demon  is  seen  blowing  a 
twice-curved  horn,  different  in  shape  and 
form  and  also  bigger  than  the  English  ones. 

The  well-known  illustrated  '  History  of 
England,'  by  Green,  reproduces,  with  a 
curious  commentary,  a  pretended  thirteenth - 
century  caricature  against  Jews.  It  is  really 
taken  from  the  Jews  Roll  of  the  date  above, 
but  I  have  ascertained,  through  examining 
the  document  myself,  that  the  drawing  is  a 
later  addition,  made  during,  and  possibly 
at  the  end  of,  the  fourteenth  century.  It 
represents,  in  fact,  some  mystery  on  the 
stage  with  the  three-faoed  King  of  Hell, 
demons,  one  of  whom  is  blowing  a  horn 
from  a  tower,  and  personifications  of  vices. 
The  similarity  with  the  painting  at  Stratford 
is  striking,  some  identical  inscriptions  are 
partly  legible  :  "  Gola  "  for  Gula,  "  Bia  "  for 
Superbia.  Real  names  of  Jews  have  been 


added,  like  Isaac  of  Norwich,  Avegay,    and' 
others,  which  creates  confusion. 

The  three  English  examples  quoted  above 
seem  to  refer  to  some  religious  plays  of  the 
time.  But  the  many  accounts  of  myateriea 
given  by  Th.  Sharp  have  no  allusion  to 
expenses  for  the  horn  of  the  devils,  while  the 
trumpets  of  angels  are  mentioned  there 
again  and  again.  Maybe,  the  actors  playing 
the  part  of  devils  were  using  real  horns  like 
those  used  for  calling  back  the  cattle  home 
(which,  by  the  way,  were  said  in  Scotland  to 
frighten  the  evil  spirits  away).  Maybe,  also,, 
the  horns  reproduced  were  rather  speaking- 
trumpets,  made  of  some  cheap  and  perishable- 
stuff,  such  as  the  ones  used  nowadays  by 
children  during  the  carnival  feasts.  In  fact, 
the  devils,  according  to  the  text  of  the 
mysteries,  had  to  perpetually  shout  the 
words  :  "  harrow,"  "  alas,"  "  haro  out,"  and' 
wanted  probably  something  for  enforcing 
their  voice. 

I  understand  that  the  horn  or  bagpipe  for 
the  devil  is  a  late  and  grotesque  fancy,  in 
opposition  to  the  heavenly  music.  Trum- 
pets, I  believe,  were  reserved,  from  an  early 
date,  to  angels  when  summoning  the  dead 
for  judgment  or  transmitting  an  order  of  the 
Almighty,  such  as  the  Commandments  to* 
Moses.  They  really  represent  the  "  Word 
of  God,"  as  pointed  out  by  M.  Westlake 
( '  History  of  Wall  Painting  ' ).  Examples  are 
quoted  by  him,  including  the  frescoes  at 
Saint-Savin,  in  San  Angelo  in  Formis,  Rome,, 
and  St.  Michael  at  Burgfielden,  Wurtem- 
berg.  One  may  add  an  early  Irish  MS.  at 
St.  Gallen,  and  others. 

I  do  not  know  of  any  examples  where  the 
calling  for  jiidgment  is  allowed  to  anybody 
but  angels.  A  doubtful  instance  is  in 
Wootton-Wawen  Church  (Warwickshire). 
Some  very  interesting  "frescoes" — I  uae 
the  word  intentionally — have  been  lately  dis- 
covered there  in  a  south  chapel.  Through  the- 
courtesy  of  Rev.  —  Pollock  I  was  allowed 
to  have  a  good  examination  when  they  were- 
still  half-hidden  by  whitewash.  On  the 
south  wall  the  well-known  subject  of  the 
punishment  of  vices  ig  treated  in  the  usual 
way  :  Pride  is  a  crowned  woman  holding  a 
sceptre  and  transpierced  by  a  speaj1;  Sloth, 
a  man  sitting  and  playing  a  pipe  and  a 
drum  ;  Avarice  is  a  burning  man — perhaps 
Judas — presented  with  pieces  of  money  by 
a  red  devil  ;  Lechery  is  a  monk  tempted  by 
a  naked  woman.  Above  all  a  big  figure  of 
a  sort  of  herald  is  blowing  a  long  trumpet 
with  a  red  pennon  hanging  from  it.  His  face 
is  rather  ugly  and  he  may  be  understood  as 
&  demon,  but  I  rather  suppose  it  is  r,n  unusual 


12  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.]] 


NOTES  AND  QQERIES. 


187 


presentation  of  the  Supreme  Order  callin 
ie   vices    for    punishment.       I  leave   it  t 
•mebody    more  acquainted  with  the  MSS 
the  time  to  decide  on  the  question. 
It  may   be  added  that  many   devils   or 
onsters  during  the  fifteenth  century  anc 
ter,  for  instance,  in  paintings  by  J.  Boscl 
id  Teniers,  had  sometimes  their  musica 
struments  blending  with  their  nose  or  the 
iver  part  of  their  body.     The  latter  joke  if 
ite  mediaeval ;     even   Dante   himself  has 
»t  despised  it,  and  the  readers  of  '  Inferno 
11  remember  at  the  end  of  Canto  XXI.  :  — 

Ed  egli  avea  del  cul  fatto  trumbetta. 
It  remains  to  say  that  a  general  icono 
aphy  of  the  devil  is  badly  wanted  by  the 
idents  of  mediaeval  iconography.  It  has 
en  attempted  by  Miss  Margaret  Stokes  in 
r  well-known  English  edition  of  Didron's 
Ostoire  de  Dieu,'  but  her  work  is  rather 
sketch  and  the  siibject  remains  practically 
touched.  Such  a  study  should  con- 
.erably  help  in  identifications  of  works  of 
;.  When  the  liturgical  part  or  even  the 
;endary  element  of  the  religious  subjects 
s  severely  controlled  by  the  Church,  some 
edom  was  generally  allowed  in  the  re- 
»sentation  of  the  devils.  Local  influences 
I  temporary  fashions  could  be  more  easily 
;ected  in  the  treatment  of  the  subject, 
ich  I  hope  will  tempt  later  some  student ; 

3  the  matter  is  enormous  and  will  require 
erious  effort.  PIERRE  TURPIN. 

4  Heath  Terrace,  Leamington. 


DICKENS' s  TOPOGRAPHICAL  SLIPS  (12  S. 
37.  136,  164). — I  am  by  no  means  con- 
ced  that  MR.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS' s  charges 
tinst  Dickens  with  regard  to  Child's  Bank 

borne  out.  Hilton  Price  should  be  a 
•d  authority  on  the  subject ;  but  reference 
that  first-rate  authority  Harben  ('A 
jtionary  of  London'),  to  Wheatley's 
mdon  Past  and  Present,'  and  to  Walford's 
id  and  New  London,'  makes  me  doubtful 
:o  the  date  of  the  building  of  that  Child's 
ik  which  was  known  to  Dickens  and  to 
ny  others  still  alive.  At  any  rate, 
ording  to  Pennant  the  original  goldsmith's 
p  of  Blanohard  &  Child  seems  to  have 
n  standing  in  1793,  eighteen  years  after 
opening  of  «  The  Tale  of  Two' Cities.'  I 
not  know  exactly  what  MR.  ABRAHAMS 
ins  by  saying  that  Dickens' «  reference  to 

use  of  cheques  is  "  haphazard  " — I 
aid  like  the  charge  to  be  stated  in  a  more 
bicular,  and  less  apparently  "  haphazard  " 
iner.  At  any  rate  Francis,  in  his 
story  of  the  Bank  of  England,'  tells  us 


of  a  gentleman  who  in  1780  was  induced  to 
give  his  cheque  for  500?.  for  a  parcel  of 
forged  notes,  which  cheque  was  cashed  early 
the  following  morning,  before  a  discovery  of 
the  fraud  was  made. 

As  to  the  use  of  cheques  in  the  eighteenth 
and  early  nineteenth  centuries,  the  following 
throw  a  light  on  the  practice  :  — 

5  Anne,  cap.  17. — The  word  cheque  is  used 
in  the  sense  of  counterfoil. 

In  a  Court  Minute  of  the  Bank  of  England, 
1717,  occurs  the  following:  — 

"  All    persons   who    keep   accounts   by   drawn 
notes  to  use  cheques." 
Annual  Review,  1803  :  — 

"  Might  pay  to  the  several  stockholders  their 
interest  money  in  cbecques  [stc],  as  they  are  called^ 
or  drafts  to  bearer,  on  some  Banker." 
Todd,  1818  :— 

"  Check,  the  corresponding  cypher  of  a  Bank 
bill :  often  corruptly  used  for  the  draft  itself." 

A  very  high  official  of  the  Bank  of 
England  writes  me  that  :  — 

It  looks  as  if  the  beginning  of  the  eighteenth 
century  saw  the  beginning  of  the  cheque  system  ; 


though    it   was   not   for   a 
dictionaries  used  the  word 


hundred    years   that 
for  the  draft  rather 


than  the  counterfoil." 

I  should  like  to  know  if  in  view  of  these 
facts  MR.  ABRAHAMS  upholds  his  charge 
against  Dickens  that  the  author's  "  reference 
to  the  use  of  cheques  is  haphazard." 

Why  Dickens  should  be  blamed  for  not 
laving  referred — quite  unnecessarily,  in  my 
opinion — to  the  story  of  Sarah  Anne  Child' s; 
elopement  with  the  10th  Earl  of  Westmorland 
n  1782,  I  cannot  conceive  ;   but  there  seems 
}o   be  an  epidemic   of  hole-picking  in  the 
Tiantle  of  the  great  novelist  at  the  moment.. 
As    to     Dickens    being    ignorant    of     this 
•omance,  which  was  often  mentioned    when. 
1  was  a  small  boy  sixty  years  ago,    that 
ppears  almost  a  ludicrous    assumption  in 
riew  of  his  appetite  for  all  romances,  legends,, 
and  traditions  connected  with  London. 

W.    COTJRTHOPE    FORMAN.. 
Compton  Down,  near  Winchester. 

SOTJTHEY'S      CONTRIBUTIONS     TO       *  THE 
CRITICAL    REVIEW'    (12  S.    iv.   35,  66,  94,. 
22). — MR.    JACOB    ZEITLIN'S     four    papers 
.nder   this   heading    display   a   painstaking 
nd    successful     research    which    will    lay 
future  bibliographers  of    Southey's  writings 
under    a    considerable     obligation    to    their 
author.      But    his    criticisms    of    the    poet- 
critic  as  reviewer  will    not,  I  suspect,  pass 
muster      equally     well.      Such     phrases     as 
"  colourless     summaries,"       "  deprived     his 
articles    of     all   character,"      "  resulting   in- 
sipidity,"    "  giving    pleasure    to    worthless- 


188 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12 s. V.JULY,  1919. 


writers,"  &c.,  will,  it  seems  to  me,  appear 
unduly  severe  to  others  than,  those  of  the 
sealed  tribe  of  bibliographers.  That  all  are 
not  of  MB.  ZEITLIN'S  opinion  is  clear  from 
Landor' s  '  Imaginary  Conversations  between 
'Southey  and  Porson.'  I  take  it  that  the 
views  attributed  to  Porson  are  in  reality 
those  of  Landor  himself,  as  much  as  those 
he  ventilates  in  his  conversation  headed, 
'  The  Abbe  Delille  and  Walter  Landor.' 
.But  be  they  Landor1  s  or  Porson' s,  the 
subjoined  excerpts  (from  vol.  iii.)  hardly 
/square  with  MR.  ZEITLIN'S  estimate  of 
Southey  as  a  reviewer  :  — 

<k  Be  sparing  of  your  animadversions  on 
,Byron."-P.  42. 

"  What  exquisite  pleasure  must  you  have  felt 
in  being  the  only  critic  of  our  age  and  country 
labouring  for  the  advancement  of  those  who  might 
'be  thought  your  rivals  !  " — P.  46. 

"Let  me  ask  you,  who  being  both  a  poet  and  a 
.critic  are  likely  to  be  impartial,"  &c.— P.  46. 

"  I  admire  your  suavity  of  temper,  and  your 
consciousness  of  worth  ;  your  disdain  of  obloquy," 
,  etc.— P.  48. 

"  Although  you  attributed  to  him  [Wordsworth] 
what  perhaps  was  not  greatly  above  his  due."  &c. — 
P.  50. 

14  You  judge  correctly  that  there  are  several 
parts  of  genius  in  which  Demosthenes  is  deficient." 
—P.  57. 

"  You,  Mr.  Southey,  will  always  be  considered 
the  soundest  and  the  fairest  of  our  English  critics  ; 
but  your  admirable  good  nature  has  thrown  a 
•costly  veil  over  many  defects  and  some  deform- 
ities."—P.  70. 

The  second  half  of  the  last  quotation,  while 
it  exhibits  Lander's  (or  Person's)  impar- 
tiality, does  not  impair  the  value  of  the 
.first  half.  J.  B.  McGovERN. 

SCOTCHMAN'S  POST  (12  S.  v.  123).— 
"  Scotchman's  Post,"  erected  on  the  Winter 
Hill  portion  of  the  Horwich  Moors,  marks 
the  scene  of  a  murder  committed  in  1838, 
and  bears  the  following  inscription  :  — 

"In  memory  of  George  Henderson,  traveller, 
native  of  Arran,  Dumfriesshire,  who  was  barbar- 
ously murdered  on  Horwich  Moor,  on  Monday 
November  9th,  1838,  in  the  20th  year  of  his  age." 

.Henderson  was  shot,  and  the  culprit  was 
never  discovered.  A  man  named  Whittle 
was  apprehended  for  the  murder,  but  was 
discharged  after  a  trial  at  the  Liverpool 
Assizes  in  1839. 

The   present   memorial   (of   cast   iron)   is 

.the  third  erected  at  this  spot.  The  first 
was  a  plain  oak  stake,  replaced  in  1887  by 

..a  stone  memorial,  which  was  damaged  and 
uprooted  a  few  years  ago  and  replaced  by 
the  present  one. 

Henderson,  although  a  native  of  Scotland, 
was  known  as  a  "  Scotchman  "  by  reason 
of  his  being  a  travelling  draper  or  packman, 


and  your  correspondent  is  in  error  in 
describing  him  as  a  travelling  "  bargee  "  ; 
in  fact  the  use  of  this  word  is  new  to  me  in. 
any  other  connexion  than  that  of  a  man, 
employed  on  a  barge. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

RIDDLE  BY  GEORGE  SELWYN  (12  SJ 
v.  153). — I  should  guess  the  answer  of  this 
to  be :  a  bee  in  a  bandbox.  I  have  no 
doubt  about  the  receptacle  and  very  little] 
about  the  inmate.  Without  a  b  any 
"  bargain  "  would  be  incomplete  and  so  not; 
very  good.  I  fancy  that  my  grandmother,  j 
born  when  George  III.  was  king,  used  to] 
speak  of  things  being  "as  -  -  as  a  bee 
in  a  bandbox  " — the  blank  is  caused,  not  byj 
any  impropriety  in  the  dear  lady's  language,' 
but  by  my  own  lack  of  memory.  I  think  the 
missing  word  was  "  safe  "  :  the  captive! 
would  be  fairly  secure,  though  it  might] 
resent  its  loneliness. 

I  have  met  with  the  expression  "  like  aj 
bee  in  a  box  "  in  print,  and  have  also  ream 
that  a  certain  kind  of  collar  was  known  as  a] 
"  bee."  An  article  of  that  sort  might  be] 
fitly  kept  in  a  bandbox.  ST.  SWITHIN. 

PHILADELPHIA  LINK  WITH  LONDON  (12  S. 
v.  148). — James  Peller  Malcolm  gives  th€J 
epitaph  on  Catharine  Mary  Meade  in  hill 
'  Londinium  Redivivum,'  1803-7,  vol.  ii. 
p.  552.  He  describes  the  monument  as 

"  A    neat    tablet,    near    the    vestry-door,    by] 
Cooke,  with  a  relief,  of  a  female,  mourning  over! 
an  urn,  shaded  by  a  weeping  willow." 
After  the  epitaph  he  writes  :  — 

"  I  cannot  refrain  from  adding,  that  I  had  the 
pleasure  of  knowing  this  amiable  young  lady:, 
intimately  ;  whose  sudden  death  was  the  cause  ofj 
most  sincere  grief  to  all  her  friends." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT.   j 

BISHOP  DAWSON  OF  CLONFERT  (12  S.j 
iv.  133,  171). — Since  the  above  query  and 
answer  appeared  I  have  found  in  the 
church  of  South  Kirkby,  Yorkshire,  the 
following  inscription  to  the  bishop's 
daughter  :  — 

"  Hie  jacet  corpus  M.argeriae  filiae  reverend!  in 
Christo  patris  D.  Robert!  Dawson,  defunct!, 
quondam  Episcopi  Clonfertensis  et  Kilmacdowy- 
hensis  in  regno  Hiberniae;  quondam  uxoris  et 
relictse  yirilis  ducis  ad  arma  Colonelli  Joh'is  Morris, 
martyris  pro  Bege  et  patria ;  quid  dulcius  ? 
Postea  nuperque  uxoris  Jonse  Buckley,  gen. 
Quse  obiit  28  die  Octobris,  anno  Christ!  1665; 
aetatisque  sue  38.  Mors  mihi  lucrum." 

Can  any  one  now  supply  me  with  the 
name  of  the  bishop's  wife,  date  of  the 
marriage,  and  date  of  her  death  ;  also  the 
names  of  any  more  of  his  family  or  de- 
scendants ?  J.  W.  F. 


2  S.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


189' 


CLASSICAL   PARALLELISMS    TO    THE   WAR 

2  S.  v.  57). — A  striking  passage  of  Virgil's 
found  in   '  ^En.,'   x.   230.     A  sea-nymph 

eaks  :  — 

nea,  vigila,  et  velis  immitte  rudentes. 

»s  sumus  Idsnse  sacro  de  vertice  pinus, 

mo  pelagi  Nymphse,  classis  tua.    Perfidus  ut  nos 

fficipites  ferro  Rutulus  flammaque  premebat ; 

ipimus  invitee  tua  vincula,  teque  per  sequor 

serimus.  Hanc  genetrix  faciem  miserata  refecit ; 

dedit  esse  Deas,  sevumque  ;  agitare  sub  undis. 

)t  only  do  these  words  (some  I  italicize  for 
ident  reasons)  read  like  a  prophecy  and  a 
krning,  but  poetic  genius  ascribes  grief  to 
e  sunken  craft  instead  of  to  the  remaining 
et,  however  distracted  by  their  loss.  This 
3ws  that  sea-sentiment,  universal  among 
ifarers,  excepting  our  late  adversaries 
me,  existed  in  full  force  in  days  of  old. 
"  Innabant  pariter "  (1.  222)  may  be 
ken  as  undying  memories  helping  to  make 
eh  loss  a  gain.  J.  K. 

louth  Africa. 

FORGOTTEN  WRITERS  (12  S.  v.  150). — I 
d  in  an  American  publication,  '  Library 
Poetry  and  Song,'  some  information 
jarding  the  following  :  — 
Frances  Brown  (Browne),  Ireland,  1818-64. 
lames  Joseph  Callanan,  Ireland,  1795- 
29. 

Margaret  Davidson,  American,  1823- 
*8  (sic). 

Edward  Johnson,  M.D.,  English.  (No 
tes,  but  mentions  that  his  poem  *  The 
bter-Drinker  '  was  published  1837.) 
Che  George  Washington  Doane  mentioned 
presumably  the  well-known  American 
mn-writer  and  Bishop  of  New  Jersey, 
J2.  Born  May  27,  1799  ;  died  April  27, 
>9.  (See  Julian's  '  Dictionary  of  Hymn- 

gy-') 

Che  Rev.  Cornelius  .Neale  was  born 
g.  12,  1789,  and  died  Aug.  8,  1823.  (See 
Life  by  Rev.  William  Jowett,  M.A.)  He 

3  the  father  of  the  eminent  and  revered 
in  Mason  Neale. 

J.  DE  BERNIERE  SMITH. 
Gloucestei  Gate,  Regent's  Park,  N.W.I. 

£ELLOND  SURNAME  (12  S.  v.  154). — A 
lily  named  Kelland  lived  at  Gainsford  in 
i  seventeenth  century,  and  monuments, 
earliest  "  John  Kelland,  Esquire,  1679,'' 
in  Ashprington  Church,  Devon.  Accord- 
to  an  endorsement  on  one  of  the  Totnes 
nicipal  deeds  dated  1520,  "  John  Kel- 
d,"  probably  the  ancestor  of  the  first 
[land  of  Gainsford,  who  inherited  through 
rriage  with  Somaster,  had  a  house  in 
;nes  in  the  sixteenth  century,  but  the 


name  does  not  otherwise  occur  in  the  very 
complete  series  of  Totnes  records  (see  '  Hist^ 
of  Totnes  Priory  and  Mediaeval  Town'). 

I  cannot  suggest  a  Devonshire  place-name 
as  the  origin,  it  is  more  probably  Cornish  r 
Kellilan,  Kellinellan,  Kellow,  Kelly,  Kelly- 
han,  as  well  as  other  combinations  of  the  - 
first  syllable,  being  foi  nd  in   Cornwall. 
HUGH  R.  WATKIN. 

Chelston,  Torquay. 

TILLY  KETTLE  (12  S.  v.  154). — Tilly 
Kettle  was  son  of  a  coach-builder,  and  born 
in  London  about  1740.  He  studied  at  the 
Duke  of  Richmond's  Gallery  and  the 
St.  Martin's  Lane  Academy,  and  practised  as 
a  portrait  painter  in  London  and  India. 
He  died  in  1786  at  Aleppo. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield,  Reading. 

He  was  born  in  London  about  1740,  the 
son  of  a  coach-painter.  In  1765  he  joined 
the  Incorporated  Society  of  Artists.  After 
practising  portrait  painting  in  London  went 
to  India,  amassed  a  fortune,  and  returned 
1776.  Exhibited  at  the  Academy,  1777, 
1781,  1783.  His  good  fortune  then  deserted 
him  ;  he  became  bankrupt,  and  left  London, . 
He  set  out  to  return  to  India,  but  died  at 
Aleppo  in  1786.  There  is  a  portrait  by 
him  of  Warren  Hastings  in  the  National.' 
Portrait  Gallery,  and  of  Sir  William  Black- 
stone  at  Oxford.  See  Bryan's  '  Dictionary 
of  Painters'  and  '  D.N.B.' 

A.  G.  KEALY, 
Chaplain,  R.N.  (retired). 

Gosport. 

[W.   B.   H.  and  MR.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE  also- 
thanked  for  replies.  ] 

HERVEY  OR  HERVET  (12  S.  v.  95,  167).— 
I  am  obliged  to  MR.  N.  W.  HILL  for  his  reply 
to  my  query.  But  I  cannot  agree  with  him 
that  Her  vet  is  a  diminutive  of  Hervey.  Its 
form  and  its  use  alike  forbid  it.  It  is  not 
on  all  fours  with  Pierrot  and  many  like 
diminutives  which  are  formed  by  adding  the 
syllable  et  or  ot  to  the  name.  Hare  is  no- 
addition  of  the  syllable  et,  but  simply  a 
change  of  the  final  letter  and  sound.  Nor 
is  it  the  case  that  there  are  two  names, 
Hervey  and  Hervet,  some  families  called  by 
the  one  and  some  by  the  other.  There  is 
but  one  name  with  two  forms  or  two  pro- 
nunciations, and  the  same  families  are  called 
by  both.  Hervet  is  only  the  occasional 
provincial  pronunciation  of  the  more  usual 
Hervey.  That  it  is  not  modern  is  shown  by 
its  occurrence  in  an  Inq.  p.m.  in  the  reign 
of  Henry  III.  ;  that  it  is  not  obsolete  is  shown-. 


190 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JULY.  1919. 


by  its  being  heard  in  the  reign  of  Victoria. 
The  change  from  Hervey  to  Hervet  seems 
to  be  exactly  opposite  to  a  more  usual  change 
of  syllables  which  can  be  easily  accounted 
for.  It  is  common  in  names  and  words  for  a 
final  long  syllable  to  become  a  short  one 
•ending  in  ey.  For  example,  (1)  Hithe  in 
Putney,  Stepney,  Bleadney,  and  many  other 
place-names.  (2)  I  knew  a  man  once  who 
•was  called  Holly,  pronounced  fts  "  holy." 
He  told  me  that  his  grandfather's  name  was 
Halbrook.  (3)  A  man  once  asked  me  to 
send  him  some  certificates  from  the  parish 
register.  The  name  as  he  wrote  it  was 
Ratcliffe.  I  found  it  entered  as  Rackley. 
(4)  Falkland  sometimes  becomes  Fally. 
But  no  need  to  multiply  instances  :  they 
abound.  In  all  such  cases  the  final  long 
syllable  becomes  a  short  one  ending  in  ey, 
and  it  is  easy  to  see  why.  It  saves  trouble. 
It  is  less  trouble  to  make  the  final  syllable 
short  than  to  keep  it  long.  In  the  one  case 
it  is  as  a  bicycle  propelled  along  the  plain, 
in  the  other  case  it  is  as  a  bicycle  running 
•down  the  hill.  As  the  change  from  Hervey 
to  Hervet  is  the  opposite  to  what  is  usual 
and  gives  trouble  instead  of  saving  it,  I 
would  ask  whether  there  is  not  some  law 
(I  don't  mean  an  Act  of  Parliament)  which 
would  account  for  it.  I  don't  know  what  the 
French  custom  is.  S.  H.  A.  H. 

JAMES  COCKLE,  OF  COCKLE'S  PILLS  (12  S. 
v.  154). — The  following  extract  from  The 
Medical  Directory  for  1846  may  interest 
your  correspondent  :  — 

"  Cockle,  James. — In  practice  before  the  Act 
of  1815  (when  qualifications  became  necessary), 
matriculated  at  the  University  of  Edinburgh  in 
1801,  formerly,  during  many  years,  Parochial 
.•Surgeon  to  Great  Oakley  and  liamsey  in  Essex." 

S.  D.  CLIPPINGDALE,  M.D. 

I  have  understood  that  Cockle  practised 
.as  a  surgeon  in  a  small  town  in  Norfolk. 
'Sir  James  Cockle,  the  judge,  of  Brisbane, 
was  his  son.  J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 

SIR  CHARLES  WILLIAM  TAYLOR,  BT.  ( 12  S. 
v.  153).— He  was  M.P.  for  Wells  1796  to 
1830,  married  Lord  Sydenham's  sister,  and 
died  April  10,  1857,  aged  86.  The  title 
expired  with  his  only  son  Sir  Charles  Taylor, 
2nd  bart.,  at  his  death  Aug.  26,  1876. 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

The  following  account  is  taken  from 
Boase's  '  Modern  English  Biography  '  :  — 

"  Sir  Charles  William  Taylor,  1st  Baronet  (son 
of  Peter  Taylor  of  Burcot  House,  near  Wells, 
:Somerset,  M.P.  for  Portsmouth  1774  to  his  death, 
1777),  was  born  April  25,  1770,  and  was  M.P.  for 


Wells  City  from  May  27,  1796,  to  July  24,  1830  ;  • 
created  D.C.L.  at  Oxford,  July  6,  1810  ;  created 
baronet,  Jan.  21,   1828.     Died  at  Hollycoombe, 
Sussex,  April  10,  1857." 

A  memoir  of  him  appears  in  The  Gentle-, 
man's  Magazine  for  May,  1857,  which  states 
that  he  was  a  favourite  companion  of  King 
George  IV.  when  Prince  of  Wales,  was  a 
constant  visitor  at  Carlton  House  and  the 
Pavilion,  and  that  he  was  created  baronet 
by  that  monarch.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 
[W.  A.  B.  C.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

ST.  ALKELDA  (12  S.  v.  152).— Of  this  saint 
nothing  is  certainly  known.     Dr   Whittaker^ 
in  his  '  History  of  Richmondshire  '   (vol.  i. 
p.   333)  says:  — 

"  In  the  east  window  of  the  north  aisle  of] 
Middleham  Church  was  a  stained  -  glass  picture  • 
of  St.  Alkelda,  the  patroness  of  the  church,  in  '. 
the  act  of  being  strangled  by  two  females.  The* 
story  is  said  to  be  unknown  to  all  the  Catholic] 
martyrologies,  and  the  history  of  the  sufferer 
wholly  forgotten." 

In  a  '  Concise  Guide  to  Richmondshire,'  by] 
WT.  Hylton  Longstaffe  (1852),  it  is  stated* 
that  Ralph,  Lord  Neville,  the  great  Earl  ofj 
Westmorland, 

"  obtained    Richard    II. 's    charter   for   a   weekly! 
market  there,  and  a  yearly  fair  on  the  feast  ofj 
St.   Alkelda  the   virgin,   a  local   saint,   of  whom:, 
nothing  more  is  known,  beyond  the  fact  that  her 
martyrdom,  two  female  servants  strangling  her, 
remains  in  a  hideous  state  of   dilapidation  in  the- 
windows.     There    are    marks    of    screens    having 
crossed  the  whole  church,  on  the  two  piers  of  thej 
nave  first  from  the  east.      At  the  south  of  these? 
two  was  an  altar  tomb,  supposed    to  be  that  of 
St.  Alkelda,  on  which  payments  of  money  were, 
required  to  be  made   (as  on  the  tomb  of    John 
Harby  in  York  Cathedral).      The  pulpit   stands 
nearly  on  its  site." 

Murray's  '  Guide  to  Yorkshire  '  (1882)  saygf 
speaking  of  Middleham  Church,  "  There  are 
some  fragments  of  ancient  glass,  com- 
memorating  St.  Alkelda,  of  whom  nothing 
is  known." 

In  1878  there  was  discovered  in  the  nave 
of  Middleham  Church,  near  the  site  of  the 
traditional  tomb  of  St.  Alkelda,  a  female 
skeleton  in  a  stone  coffin.  Local  opinion 
jumped  to  the  conclusion  that  it  was  that  of 
the  saint,  and  a  tablet  has  been  placed  in 
the  church  recording  the  discovery  and 
marking  the  spot. 

There  was  a  holy  well  at  Middleham 
dedicated  to  the  saint,  which  is  referred  to 
in  an  indictment  at  the  Richmond  Quarter 
Sessions  in  July,  1640,  as  "St.  Awkell's 
Well." 

The  only  other  church  dedicated  to  this 
saint  is  that  of  Giggleswick  in  the  West 
Riding.  This  parish  has  also  a  famous 


tas. 


V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


191 


ell,  the  celebrated  "  Ebbing  and  Flowing 
rell."  This  was  most  probably  at  one 
me  a  holy  well. 

Haelig-keld  is  the  Anglo -Slaxon  for  holy 
ell.  There  is  a  spring  near  Malmerby,  in 
ichmondshire,  which  in  Anglo-Saxon  days 
>re  this  name  of  Haelig-keld,  and  has  thus 
ven  the  name  of  Halikeld  to  the  Wapentake 
;  this  day. 

Speaking  of  the  ebbing  and  flowing  well  at 
iggleswick  the  author  of  '  The  West  Riding 
Yorkshire  '  in  Methuen's  "  Little  Guides  " 
>ries  says  :  — 

"It  is  incredible  that  in  very  early  times, 
hen  springs  of  all  kinds  were  the  objects  of 
>neration,  this  singular  curiosity  should  escape 
jservation.  It  has  been  suggested,  indeed,  that 
tis  was  a  holy  well  ;  and  that  the  name  of  the 
?dication  saint  of  Giggleswick  Church —  St.  Al- 
jlda — is  merely  a  corruption  of  haelig-keld  and 
tat  the-  lady  herself  is  imaginary. — Yorkshire 
rchceological  Journal,  xii.  83." 

WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 

Very  little  is  known  of  this  good  woman, 
id  indeed  it  has  been  suggested  that  there 
sver  was  any  such  person.  If  she  did  exist, 
le  was  a  Saxon  princess  who  was  strangled 
Y  the  Danes.  The  parish  church  of 
iddleham  in  Yorkshire  stands  on  the  spot 
here  the  sad  deed  is  said  to  have  been 
tacted,  and  inside  the  church  there  is  some 
ained  glass  that  recalls  the  martyrdom, 
ast  century  a  stone  coffin  was  discovered  in 
le  church  and  in  it  were  the  bones  of  a 
oman.  People,  jumping  to  conclusions 
>rhaps,  declared  that  these  were  the  mortal 
mains  of  the  saint  herself. 
On  the  other  hand,  it  is  argued  that  from 
me  immemorial  there  has  been  a  well  at 
iddleham,  where  the  ancient  Briton 
lenched  his  thirst  and  then  gave  thanks  to 
ie  kindly  genius  of  the  spring.  The 
txons  would  have  called  it  Halikeld  (haelig, 
cred,  and  keld,  a  fountain).  The  early 
iristians  no  doubt  substituted  the  Blessed 
irgin  for  the  spirit  of  the  fountain  and 
>dicated  their  church  to  St.  Mary  of 
alikeld.  The  Normans,  not  understanding 
iixon,  corrupted  the  name  into  St.  Mary 
id  St.  Alkelda  (not  Akelda,  as  given  by 
.e  correspondent  to  '  N.  &  Q.'),  and  the 
ory  of  the  martyrdom  grew  up  later.  A 
mewhat  similar  case  is  that  of  St.  Osyth 
Essex,  who  also  is  said  to  have  been  a 
ixon  princess  murdered  by  the  Danes. 
Saints  are  so  few  in  this  wicked  world  of 
irs  that  it  is  sad  to  have  to  prove  that 
ere  has  been  one  less  of  them  than  is 
mmonly  supposed. 

T.  PERCY  ARMSTRONG. 


There  is  one  church  besides  that  of  Middle- 
ham  dedicated  to  St.  Alkelda,  that  of" 
Giggleswick,  where  the  same  corruption  of 
the  word  Halikeld  seems  to  have  taken 
place.  For  at  Giggleswick  is  the  marvellous 
well  whose  ebbing  and  flowing  is  not  easily 
accounted  for  even  now,  and  which  in  old 
days  must  have  been  attributed  to  super- 
natural agency. 

Near  Melmerby  in  the  North  Riding  is  a 
spring  still  called  Halikeld,  which  gives  it» 
name  to  the  Wapentake. 

M.  H.  DODDS. 

Home  House,  Low  Fell,  Gateshead. 

[The  REV.  A.  G.  KEALY  also  thanked  for 
reply.] 

EXCHANGE  OF  SOULS  IN  FICTION  (12  S. 
v.  124). — The  following  works  of  fiction  all1 
treat  of  this  subject  :  — 

Flames  :  a  London  Phantasy.  By  Robert  S.  Hichens. ' 
The  soul  of  a  human  Mephistopheles  seizes  one 
man's  personality  and  seduces  another  ;  a  weird 
story,  akin  on  one  side  to  'Dr.  Jeykll  and  Mr.- 
Hyde.' 
Ligeia.    By  Edgar  Allan  Poe. 

Tells  of  a  woman  of  powerful  will  returning 
from  the  dead  and  usurping  the  living  body  of 
her  husband's  second  wife. 
The  Return.    By  Sir  John  De  La  Mare. 

Gives  the  experiences  of  a  man  whose  person- 
ality has  been  seized  by  a  being  from  beyond  the 
grave. 

As  far  as  I  recollect  the  following  novels 
also  treat  of  the  same  subject  :  — 

A  Beleaguered  City.    By  Mrs.  Oliphant. 

An  Exchange  of  Souls.    By  Barry  Pain. 

The  Jacket.    By  Jack  London. 
It  may  also  be  of  interest  to  your  corre- 
spondent that  in  Lord  Byron's    '  The  De- 
formed    Transformed  '     the     soul     of     the 
Stranger   passes  into  the  body   of  Arnold; 
and    in    Spenser's     '  Fairie    Queen,'     where  - 
Priamond    and    Diamond    are    slain,    their 
souls  take  up  their  abode  in  the  body  of 
their  surviving  brother  Triamond. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

H.  G.  Wells' s  'The  Story  of  the  Late  Mr. 
Elvesham,'  a  short  story  in  '  The  Plattner 
Story  and  Others  '  (Methuen  &  Co.). 

G.  H.  WHITE. 
23  Weighton  Road,  Anerley. 

Perhaps  some  of  the  following  books  will, 
fall    within   the    class    of   novels    required  :- 
J.    D.    Hennessey's    '  A   Lost   Identity,'    F. 
Anstey's   'Vice  Versa,'   Barry  Pain's   'The 
One  Before,'  J.  Donnelly's  '  Doctor  Huguet,' 
Mrs.     Rosa    Praed's     '  The    Insane    Root,' 
M.    E.    Braddon's    '  The    Conflict,'    T.  W. 
Speight's     '  Strange     Experiences     of     Mr. 
Verschoyle,'     George     Griffith's     'Denver's 


192 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JULY,  1919. 


Double,'  R.  S.  Hichens's  'Flames,'  Steven- 
sou's  '  Dr.  Jekyll  and  Mr.  Hyde,'  and  '  The 
Transformation  of  Hanna  Stubbs,'  whose 
author's  name  I  have  forgotten. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  or  EPITAPHS  (12  S.  v.  68, 
129,  161). — I  append  a  further  list  of 
publications  on  above  subject  from  books  in 
my  possession  :  — 

The  History  and  Antiquities  of  Windsor.  By 
Joseph  Pote.  Eton  :  Printed  by  Joseph  Pote, 
Bookseller.  MDCCXLIX. — This  work  contains  six 
full-page  illustrations  of  monuments  to  noted 
.persons  buried  in  St.  George's  Chapel  ;  amongst 
them  one  to  Edward,  Earl  of  Lincoln,  Lord  High 
Admiral  in  the  reign  of  Queen  Elizabeth,  died 
Jan.  16,  1584. 

Remarks  on  English  Churches  and  Sepulchral 
Memorials.  By  J.  H.  Markland,  F.R.S.  and  S.A. 
Oxford  :  John  Henry  Parker  ;  C.  F.  &  J.  Riving- 
ton,  London  ;  Simms  &  Son,  Pocock,  and  Collings, 
Bath,  MDCCCLXIII. 

The  North  Devon  Hand  Book.  By  the  Rev. 
George  Tugwell,  M.A.  Oxon,  Rector  of  Bath  wick. 
Published  1857.  London  :  Simpkin,  Marshall  & 
Co.  Ilfracombe  :  W.  Stewart,  Gazette  and  Arrival 
List  Office. 

Memorials  of  Westcot  Barton,  Oxon.  By  Rev. 
Fenner  Marshall,  M.A.,  Lord  of  the  Manor. 
London  :  John  Russell  Smith,  36  Soho  Square. 

Historical  Notes  on  the  Church  of  Saint  Cuth- 
bert  in  Wells.  By  Thomas  Serel.  Wells  :  J.  M. 
Atkins,  Journal  Office,  High  Street ;  and  E.  M. 
Beauchamp,  Market  Place.  1875. 

History  of  the  Parish  Church  of  Saint  Michael 
and  All  Angels,  Chipping  Lambourn.  By  John 
Footman,  M.A.  London  :  Elliot  Stock,  62  Pater- 
noster Row,  B.C.  1894. 

History  and  Antiquities  of  the  Newport  Pagnell 
Hundreds.  Compiled,  printed  and  published  by 
Oliver  Ratcliff,  Cowper  Press,  Olney,  Bucks. 

1900. Another  excellent  and  most  instructive 

work  which  should  be  more  widely  known. 

Littleover  and  its  Church.  By  A.  B.  Scott. 
Printed  by  Bemrose  &  Sons,  London  and  Derby. 

MOMXVI. 

History  of  Congregationalism  and  Memorials 
of  the  Churches  in  Norfolk  and  Suffolk.  By  John 
Browne,  B.A.,  Congregational  Minister  at  Wrent- 
ham.  London  :  Jarrold  &  Sons,  3  Paternoster 
Buildings.  MDCCCLXXVII.  ) 

_  ,.    ,  L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

Bedford. 

About  forty  epitaphs  are  collected  in 
pp.  382-94  of  'Thistledown,  a  Book  of 
..Scotch  Humour,'  Paisley,  1901. 

Though    not   ranging   strictly   under   the 

above  heading,  perhaps  the  following  epitaph 

taken  in  1903,  and  apparently  not  printed, 

.••is  worth  preserving.     It  is  in  the  churchyard 

of  Thaxted,  Essex  :  — 

To  George  Foot,  Esq. — "  He  departed  this 
Life,  July  27,  1819,  In  the  57th  year  of  his  age  : 
Beloved  by  all  who  knew  him  or  had  the  pleasure 
•of  his  Acquaintance."  W  B  H 


"FLUMMERY"  (12  S.  v.  149).— "  Flum- 
mery" is  not  unknown  to  contemporary 
English  cooks,  I  remember  it  as  a  dainty 
dish  offered  at  juvenile  parties  in  early 
Victorian  days.  A  recipe  for  Dutch  flum- 
mery is  given  in  that  culinary  classic  '  Mrs. 
Beeton,'  and  about  half-a-dozen  flummeries 
were  considered  worthy  of  mention  by 
Mary  Jewry  in  '  Warne's  Everyday  Cookery.' 
The  composition  is  not  farinaceous,  and  I 
should  say  that  the  result  is  an  uncleared 
jelly.  ST.  S  WITHIN. 

"  HOMER  "  MONTHS  (12  S.  v.  150). — 
"  Homer  "  months,  or  "  romer  "  '  months, 
i.e.,  Roman  months,  is  an  antiquated  ex-i 
pression  denoting  the  monthly  sum  of 
money  (fixed  at  the  Imperial  diet  of  Worms 
in  the  year  1521),  a  subsidy  of  12,800  florins, 
required  for  keeping  an  army  of  4,000  horse- 
men and  20,000  foot  soldiers  sent  to  Rome 
to  maintain  and  protect  there  the  Holy 
Roman  Empire  during  the  Middle  Ages. 

H.  K. 

TOWER  OF  LONDON  :  YEOMEN  OF  THE 
GUARD  AND  TOWER  WARDERS  (12  S.  iv.  190). 
— Chamberlayne's  '  Present  State  of  Great 
Britain/  1716,  p.  105,  says:  — 

"  Of  the  Yeomen  of  the  Guard.  Again,  in  the 
first  Boom  above  Stairs,  called  the  Guard- 
Chamber,  attend  the  Yeomen  of  the  Guard  of 
His  Majesty's  Body  ;  whereof  they  were  wont 
to  be  two  hundred  and  fifty  Men  of  the  best 
Quality  under  Gentry,  and  of  larger  Stature  than 
ordinary  (for  every  one  of  them  was  to  be  six 
foot  high).  There  are  at  present  one  hundred 
Yeomen  in  daily  waiting,  and  seventy  more  not 
in  waiting  ;  and  as  any  one  of  the  Hundred  shall 
die,  his  Place  is  to  be  fill'd  up  out  of  the  Seventy. 
These  wear  Scarlet  Coats  down  to  the  Knee,  and 
Scarlet  Breeches,  both  richly  garded  with  black 
Velvet,  and  rich  Badges  upon  their  Coats,  before 
and  behind.  Moreover,  black  Velvet  round 
broad-crown'd  Caps  (according  to  the  Mode  used 
in  the  Reign  of  Henry  VIII.),  with  Ribbands  of 
the  King's  Colour :  One  half  of  them  of  late 
bear  in  their  Hands  Harquebuses,  and  the  other 
half  Partizans,  with  large  Swords  by  their  Sides. 
They  have  Wages  and  Diet  allow' d  'em.  Their 
Office  is  to  wait  upon  the  Ki-ig  in  his  standing 
Houses,  Forty  by  Day,  and  Twenty  to  watch  by 
Night ;  about  the  City,  to  wait  upon  the  King's 
Person  abroad  by  Water  or  Land." 

Later  on  (pp.  217,  218)  he  discourses  .of 
the  Tower  of  London,  of  whose  Lieutenant 
he  says : — 

"  He    hath    also    a    further    Perquisite,     the 
disposal   of   the    40    Yeomen-Warders    places   as 
they  die  oft." 
He  then  proceeds  :  — 

"  Warders.  The  Yeomen- Warders  of  the 
Tower  are  40  in  Number,  who  are  accounted  the 
King's  Domestic  Servants,  and  are  sworn  by  the 
Lord  Chamberlain  of  his  Majesty's  Household, 


5  8.  V.  JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


193 


37  the  Clerk  of  the  Cheque  ;  their  Duty  is  to 
md  Prisoners  of  State,  and  to  wait  at  the 
;es  ;  Ten  of  them  are  usually  upon  the  Days- 
t,  to  take  an  account  of  all  Persons  that  come 
)  the  Tower,  to  enter  their  Names,  and  the 
nes  of  the  Persons  they  go  to,  in  a  Book,  to 
perused  by  the  Constable  or  lieutenant.  Two 
hem  are  upon  the  Watch  every  Night." 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

JHAKESPEARE  AND  THE  GARDEN  (12  S- 
153). — I  think  MB.  PATON'S  question 
*ht  be  answered  by  a  visit  to  Stratford  - 
Avon.  In  the  garden  at  the  back  of 
ikespeare's  house  all  the  plants  men- 
led  in  the  plays  are  represented.  I  have 
doubt  a  list  is  kept,  and  a  reference  to  this 
uld  give  the  information  required  as  to 
•  flora  of  Shakespeare. 

J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 
Oakley  Street,  S.E.3. 

["he  poet's  garden  has  been  industriously 
y  over  by  Mr.  H.  N.  Ellacombe  ( '  The 
m,t-Lore  and  Garden-Craft  of  Shake- 
>are')  and  Mr.  Leo  H.  Grindon  ('The 
ikespeare  Flora  '),  and  I  should  say  that 
>y  and  others  labouring  in  their  tracks 
/e  made  a  note  of  every  vegetable  that 
a,kespeare  planted  in  his  works.  There 
i  plot  of  ground  behind  the  birthplace  at 
atford-on-Avon  in  which  an  attempt  has 
>n  made  to  grow  specimens  of  all. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

A  glance  at  the  subject  index  in  my 
tiakespeare  Bibliography  '  under  "  Shake- 
sare's  botany  "  or  "  Shakespeare's  garden 
owledge  "  or  "  Shakespeare's  flowers  " 
uld  instantly  reveal  the  half-dozen  books 
Beisly  and  others  dealing  with  this 
>ject.  WM.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

Fhere  are  several  works  which  treat  of 
>  plant-lore  of  Shakespeare.  Taking  them 
•onologically,  the  following  may  be  men- 
tied  :  — 

Shakespeare's  Garden.  By  Sidney  Beisly. 
ngmans.  1864. 

Dhe  Plant-Lore  and  Garden-Craft  of  Shake- 
;are.  By  Rev.  Henry  Ellacombe.  Pollard, 
rth  Street,  Exeter.  1878.  Reprinted  by 
;chell  &  Co. ,  1 884.  Another  edition,  illustrated , 
nold.  1896. 

Che  Shakespeare  Flora.     By  Leo  H.  Grindon. 
Lmer  &  Howe,  Manchester.     1883. 
Shakespeare's  Garden.     By  J.   Harvey  Bloom, 
thuen  &  Co.     1903. 

1  Garland  of  Shakespeare's  Flowers.  By 
se  Carr  Smith.  With  coloured  plates.  Elliot 
>ck.  1911. 

J.  E.  HARTING. 
MR.    ARCHIBALD    SPARKE    also    thanked    for 

ly.] 


MORLANDS  AND  NEWCOMES  (12  S.  V.    141). 

— Rev.  Thomas  Moreland  was  rector  of 
Sulhamstead  till  1652,  when  he  died.  His- 
daughter  Marie  was  baptized  1628.  Two- 
pieces  of  land  were  called  Morelands. 

When  Sir  Samuel  Moreland  was  created  - 
a  baronet  he  was  called  of  Sulhamstead. 

Another  Rev.  Matthew  Moreland  was  of- 
Sulhamstead  temp.    Queen  Elizabeth. 

Apparently  Martin  Moreland  lived  at  one- 
time in  Sulhamstead. 

Thomas  Morland,  clerk,  married  at  Heck- 
field,  1613,  Alice  Croswell,  gent. 

(Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 

Finchampstead,  Berks. 

LABOUR-IN-VAIN  STREET,  SHADWELI* 
(12  S.  v.  123). — Harben  in  his  'Dictionary 
of  London  '  says  that  the  name  of  a  Court 
as  above  was  taken  from  a  sign  of  a  public- 
house  of  "  two  women  scrubbing  a  negro." 
It  was  also  meant  to  typify  the  excellence- 
of  the  ale  brewed  in  the  house,  which  defied 
the  competition  of  the  women  brewers  in 
the  industry.  It  was  called  by  the  lower 
classes  the  "  Devil  in  a  Tub."  Harben 
also  mentions  other  places  that  used  to 
bear  this  curious  name,  and  so  do  Larwood 
and  Hotten  in  their  '  History  of  Signboards.' 
"  To  wash  an  ^Ethiop  "  is  a  proverbial 
expression,  and  occurs  in  Massinger's  '  Par-  • 
liament  of  Love.'  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

INSCRIPTIONS  IN  ST.  JOHN  THE  EVANGE- 
LIST'S, WATERLOO  ROAD  (12  S.  v.  63,  135).— 
One  supposes  that  Mr.  E.  V.  Lucas's  authority 
for  his  statement  (in  a  note  on  Lamb)  that 
R.  W.  Elliston  was  not  educated  at  St.  Paul's 
School,  but  at  another  place  of  the  same 
name  in  Covent  Garden,  is  the  mention  of 
the  latter  locality  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  life  of 
Elliston.  The  epitome  volume  of  '  D.N.B.' 
gives  simply  St.  Paul's  School,  which  is  in 
agreement  with  the  School  Registers,  and 
with  Lamb.  He  entered  on  July  29,  1783, 
and  left  in  1790.  He  is  in  the  registers 
wrongly  stated  to  be  "  son  of  Dr.  E.,  Master 
of  Sidney  College,  Cambridge,"  who  was 
really  his  uncle  ;  his  father  was  apparently 
worthless.  Was  there  such  a  place  as 
St.  Paul's  School,  Covent  Garden  ? 

G.  G.  L. 

THE  ANT-BEAR  AND  THE  TORTOISE  (12  S. - 
v.    125). — That  old-fashioned  but  generally 
reliable  authority  'Chambers'  Encyclopaedia  ' 
observes  that  the  anteater 

"  has  the  reputation  of  being  slothful,  unsocial 
and  stupid.  Like  other  insectivorous  animals 
it  can  live  for  prolonged  periods  without  food. 
It  spends  much  of  its  time  in  sleep,  the  long. 


194 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  JULY,  1919. 


snout  concealed  in  the  fur  of  the  breast,  the  hind 
And  fore  claws  locked  together,  and  the  bushy 
tail  thrown  over  all,  as  if  for  a  shade  from  the  s\in. 
Though  the  collar  bones  are  rudimentary,  the 
great  anteater  has  great  strength  in  its  fore  legs, 
and  is  said  to  hug  like  a  bear,  so  as  to  crush  its 
enemy  to  death." 

The  uardvaik  (Orajeteropus  capensis)  of 
South  Africa  is  a  closely  related  type. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

"  GET  THE  NEEDLE  "  (12  S.  v.  151).— The 
meaning  given  in  the  '  English  Dialect 
Dictionary'  to  the  expression  "to  get  the 
needle  "  is  "  to  be  completely  cheated,"  not, 
as  J.  R.  H.  assumes  in  his  query,  "  to  take 
offence."  No  explanation  of  the  phrase  is 
given. 

(Miss)  M.  E.   CORNFORD,  Librarian. 
William  Salt  Public  Library,  Stafford. 

This  slang  phrase  i&  illustrated  in  the 
4  N.E.D.'  under  '  Needle,'  in  the  sense  of 
annoyance  or  irritation.  J.  H.  Vaux's 
*  Flash  Dictionary,'  1812,  says  :  "  To  needle 
a  person  is  to  haggle  with  him  in  making  a 
bargain,  and  if  possible  take  advantage  of 
him."  WM.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

The  above  phrase  is  evidently  fairly 
common,  as  will  be  seen  from  the  following 
extracts  :  — 

Needle  (Tailors'). — Got  the  needle,  i.e.,  irritated 
as  when  the  needle  runs  into  a  finger.  Has 
spread  generally  over  working  classes,  who  have 
accepted  the  graphic  nature  of  the  phrase. — 
Ware's  '  Passing  English  of  the  Victorian  Era.' 

Barrere  and  Leland's  '  Dictionary  of 
Slang,  Jargon,  and  Cant  '  says  :  — 

Needle,     The     (General). — Vexation,     stinging 
annoyance. 
And  it  gives  a  man  the  needle  when  he  hasn't  got 

a  bob, 

To  see  bis  pals  come  round  and  wish  him  joy. 
— Song   '  You  Should   Never  Marry.' 

(Turf). — "  To  get  the  needle  "   or   "  cop 

the  needle  "  is  to  be  so  goaded  by  "  the  slings  and 
arrows  of  outrageous  fortune  "  that  the  better 
loses  his  self-control  and  "  plunges  "  wildly  to 
recover  his  money. 

(Athletics). —  To  "  get  the  needle  "  is  to 

feel  very  nervous  and  funky. 

Farmer  and  Henley  in  '  Slang  and  its 
Analogues  '  give  many  examples  of  the  use 
of  the  phrase,  from  1881  to  1898. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

MAY  (12  S.  v.  123,  164). — Archer  in  his 
'  Monumental  Inscriptions  of  the  British 
West  Indies,'  1875,  has  this  information 
about  the  May  family.  The  Rev.  Wm.  May 
was  Rector  of  Kingston  Cathedral  Church, 
Jamaica.  His  first  wife  was  Smart,  the 
daughter  of  Edward  and  ElizabethjPennant 


of  Clarendon  parish.  She  died  1722,  aged 
22.  His  second  wife  was  Bathusa,  daughter 
of  Florentius  and  Ann  Vasaall  of  St.  Eliza- 
beth parish.  She  died  1746  ;  by  her  he 
had  issue  six  sons  and  two  daughters,  five  of 
whom  are  buried  in  Kingston  Church  ;  two 
died  at  sea  ;  one  was  Florentius,  who  died 
1747.  His  son,  i.e.,  the  Rev.  W.  May's  son, 
Rose  Herring  May,  is  the  only  chifd  that 
survived  him,  who,  it  is  hoped,  will  inherit 
his  father's  virtues  as  well  as  his  fortune.? 
Rose  Herring  May,  his  only  surviving  son, 
born  1736-7,  was  Member  of  Council  and 
Gustos  of  Clarendon  and  Vere.  He  married 
Mar.  28,  1759,  Mary  Trelawny  Wigan  (she 
died  1786),  by  whom  he  had  nine  children. 
He  died  1791,  and  was  buried  in  Spanish 
Town.  So  I  should  think  William,  about 
whom  inquiry  is  made,  was  one  of  hisj 
nine  children.  Grandfather  May  was  at 
St.  John's  College,  Cambridge.  Perhaps 
Rose  was  another  son  of  Rose  Herring  May. 
Florentius,  admitted  in  1777,  was  perhaps 
one  of  Rose  Herring  May's  sons,  as  also  John. 

M.A. 

FOLK-LORE  :  RED  HAIR  (12  S.  ii.  128,  196,1 
239,   379). — What  justification  is  there  for) 
assuming    that    Rosalind    was    referring    to  • 
red  hair  when  she  said  :  "  His  very  hair  is  of 
the  dissembling  colour  "  ('  As  You  Like  It,'  ] 
III.  iv.  7-12)  ?     By  Celia's  reply  at  line  12  it 
would    appear    that    chestnut    colour    was 
meant.  ALFRED  S.  E.  ACKERMANN. 

ANGUISH  STREET:  "SCORES"  (12  S. 
v.  122,  165). — Forby  in  his  '  Dictionary  of 
East  Anglia  '  (1830)  gives  "  score  "  as  a 
gangway  down  the  cliff  to  the  beach  for 
carriages  of  any  kind.  It  comes  from  the 
A.S.  scieren,  to  cleave  or  cut  out.  Anguish 
Street  is  probably  named  after  the  builder. 
Anguish  is  a  rare  name  and  is  supposed  to 
be  a  corruption  of  Angus.  W.  AVER. 

Primrose  Club,  Park  Place,  St.  James's,  S.W.I. 

"  PENNILES  BENCH  "  (12  S.  v.  126,  163).— 
About  a  mile  and  a  half  to  the  north-east 
of  Winwick  Church  in  South  Lancashire 
there  is  a  place  marked  as  "  Pennyless 
Bench  "  in  the  six-inch  Ordnance  Survey 
map  engraved  in  1849,  which  is  at  a  point 
where  three  country  lanes  and  a  farm-road 
to  Kenyon  Hall  Farm  meet.  I  remember 
that  it  was  known  by  the  same  name  sixty 
years  ago,  when  there  was  a  large  tree,  I 
think  it  was  an  oak-tree,  growing  at  the 
junction  of  the  lanes,  and  around  its  roots 
a  circular  embankment  of  earth,  overgrown 
with  grass,  afforded  a  seat  for  wayfarers  in 
dry  weather.  J.  P.  R. 


L2S.  V.JULY,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


195 


WAR  SLANG  (12  S.  iv.  271,  306,  333  : 
18,  79,  159).— "Digger"  is  the  usual 
rm  for  Australian  soldiers  among  them- 
Ives  ;  and  in  Australia  I  asked  a  man  in 
at  country  for  the  derivation,  and  he 
ought  the  term  originated  from  the  gold- 
Ids,  i.e.,  a  gold-digger. 

1  have  never  heard  "  Bill  Jim  "  in  con- 
rsation,   but   only   seen   it   in   Australian 
pers. 

"  Dincum  "  is  regarded  as  a  most  binding 
pression.  If  a  man  tells  you  that  anything 
;'  dincum  "  it  is  probably  the  most  binding 
ing  he  can  say — more  so  than  "  on  my 
bh,"  "  honour  bright,"  &c.  No  one  in 
LStralia  that  I  asked  could  give  me  the 
rivation. 

[  have  not  seen  "  to  chance  one's  arm  "  in 
)  list.  •  "  I'll  chance  my  arm  "  is  equiva- 
it  to  "  I  will  have  a  try,"  and  probably 
plies  that  the  "  chancer  "  knows  nothing 
>ut  the  job. 

Referring  to  nicknames,  why  is  a  Green 
^ays  a  "  Dodger,"  a  Clark  or  Clerke 
rays  a  "  Nobby,"  Martin  always  a 
'incher  "  ?  Can  any  one  supply  a  full 
of  surnames  carrying  a  nickname  ? 

M.D.,  E.E.F. 

DISCOVERIES  IN  COINS  (12  S.  iii.  449). — 
May  15,  1919,  it  was  reported  that  Mr. 
A.  Shepherd,  a  Guildford  allotment- 

der,  had  unearthed  on  his  plot  a  farthing 

led  in  the  reign  of  Charles  I. 

FRED.  L.  TAVARE. 

2  Trentham  Street,  Pendleton,  Manchester. 

:*ITT  AND   DlJNDAS   AT  NEW   CROSS   (12   S. 

151). — The  story  quoted  by  MR.  PHILIP 
RMAN  is  given  in  greater  detail  in  the 
a,ble  Talk  of  Samuel  Rogers,'  as  follows  :  — 

Stothard  the  painter  happened1?  to  be  one 
ning  at  an  inn  on  the  Kent  Road  when  Pitt 

Dundas  put  up  there  on  their  way  from 
Imer.  Next  morning  as  they  were  stepping 
i  their  carriage,  the  waiter  said  to  Stothard  : 
•,  do  you  observe  those  two  gentlemen  ?  ' 
;s,'  he  replied,  '  and  I  know  them  to  be  Mr. 
;  and  Mr.  Dundas.'  '  Well,  sir,  how  much 
e  do  you  suppose  they  drank  last  night  ?  ' 
:hard  could  not  guess.  '  Seven  bottles, 

n  those  days  wine  bottles  were  smaller 
n  they  are  now,  and  if  seven  were 
Dtied  it  is  reason  able  to  infer  that  they 
e  pints.  Moore  has  a  story  of  Sheridan's 
ler  saying  (when  Dr.  Bain  was  called  in 
.  found  him  in  a  high  state  of  fever)  that  he 
drunk  nothing  extraordinary  the  day 
>re,  "  only  two  bottles-  of  port." 

J.  E.  HARTING. 
[W.  B.  H.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


Mate*  0n  100&5, 

The  War  of  Chupas.     Translated  and  edited  by 

Sir  Clements  R.  Markham.     (Hakluyt  Society.) 

The  Book  of  Duarte  Barbosa.     Translated,  edited, 

and    annotated     by    M.     Longworth    Dames. 

(Same  publishers.) 

A  SPECIAL  interest  is  attached  to  '  The  War  of 
Chupas,'— a  pathetic  interest,  for  this  was  the  last 
publication  of  the  Society  for  which  the  veteran 
Sir  Clements  Markham  was  responsible.  The 
extent  and  vigour  of  his  literary  career  may  well 
seem  almost  incredible,  when  it  is  recalled  that  his 
first  work  for  the  Society  appeared  in  1859,  and 
that  from  that  time  onwards  hardly  a  year  passed 
without  bringing  something  from  his  pen.  It 
was  in  1864  that  the  translation  of  the  first  part 
of  the  '  Cronica  '  of  Cieza  de  Le"on  was  entrusted 
to  him,  and  it  was  singularly  appropriate  that  he 
should  have  been  spared  to  bring  the  work  to  a 
close.  For  the  printing  of  this  volume  was  in  a 
forward  state  when  the  unlucky  mishap  brought 
his  life  to  a  tragic  and  untimely  end  ;  his  fourscore 
and  more  of  years  seemed  to  have  impaired  his 
powers  not  a  whit. 

It  is  only  quite  recently  that  those  parts  of 
Cieza  de  Leon's  chronicle  which  deal  with  the 
civil  wars  of  Peru  were  brought  to  light,  though 
his  account  of  Inca  civilization  was  well  known 
and  of  considerable  service  to  Prescott.  '  The 
War  of  Quito  '  and  '  The  War  of  Las  Salinas  '  were 
among  the  last  contributions  of  Markham  to  the 
Society,  and  '  The  War  of  Chupas  '  serves  as  a 
supplement  to  them.  The  book  deals  with  the 
events  immediately  after  the  battle  of  Las 
Salinas,  with  the  fortunes  and  ultimate  overthrow 
of  the  Almagro  faction,  and  ends  with  the 
appointment  of  Blasco  Nunez  Vela.  But  the 
main  interest  to  the  general  reader  lies  in  the 
narrative  of  the  murder  of  Pizarro  by  the  "  men 
of  Chile."  The  chronicler  does  not,  as  a  rule, 
show  any  marked  sympathy  with  the  conqueror, 
only  too  often  he  reminds  us  of  his  coldness  and 
barbarity,  but  his  courage  he  never  calls  in 
question,  and  of  his  intrepidity  and  resolution  at 
the  last  he  gives  a  moving  picture.  The  narrative 
is  full  of  dramatic  moments,  and  is  told  with  a 
directness  and  a  freedom  from  digression  which 
do  not  always  distinguish  this  historian. 

Barbosa's  account  of  his  periplus  in  Indian 
waters  has  long  been  known  to  readers  of  Ramusio ; 
for  it  was  included  in  his  '  Navigation!  e  Viaggi ' 
published  at  Venice  in  1563.  To  English  readers 
it  was  known  in  the  edition  of  Lord  Stanley, 
prepared  for  the  Society  some  forty  years  ago. 
Unfortunately  this  translation  was  made  from  a 
Spanish  MS.  in  the  library  at  Barcelona,  and  is 
marred  by  inaccuracies.  These  have  been  cor- 
rected in  the  present  edition,  which  is  an  entirely 
new  translation  by  Mr.  Longworth  Dames  of  the 
Portuguese  MS.  found  at  Lisbon  in  the  early  part 
of  the  nineteenth  century.  But  the  excellence 
of  the  book  does  not  consist  solely  m  the  transla- 
tion ;  for  it  has  been  provided  with  copious  foot- 
notes, which,  coming  from  such  an  authority  as 
Mr.  Longworth  Dames,  are  of  great  interest  and 

^Duarte  Barbosa,  was  a  man  of  good  family  in 
the  service  of  the  Portuguese  Government.     He 


196 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  JULY.  1919. 


accompanied  Pedro  Alvarez  Cabral  in  his  ex- 
pedition of  1500,  and  settled  as  a  writer  at  Cochin 
and  afterwards  at  Cananor.  Piqued  at  not 
achieving  the  promotion  his  abilities  warranted, 
he  returned  to  Portugal  in  1517,  and  it  was 
probably  during  this  voyage  that  the  narrative 
was  compiled.  On  his  return  he  joined  Magel- 
haes,  his  brother-in-law,  in  Seville,  and  set  out 
with  him,  Serrao,  and  other  disappointed  men  on 
his  enterprise  of  1519.  He  soon  gave  proofs  of  his 
ability,  became  captain  of  one  of  the  ships,  and 
fell  soon  after  Magelhaes  at  the  Isle  of  Sebu,  a 
victim  of  native  treachery.  This  was  ia  1521. 

He  was  a  remarkable  man.  He  had  that  lust 
for  acquiring  information  which  distinguishes  the 
greatest  geographers,  and  combined  with  it  a 
faculty  for  minute  observation  of  native  lore  and 
custom.  He  was  a  remarkable  linguist,  and  on 
his  first  arrival  in  the  East  acquired  proficiency 
in  Malay  al  am.  This  led  to  his  employment  by 
Alboquerque  as  interpreter  in  his  effort  to  convert 
the  King  of  Cochin — an  abortive  attempt. 

A  bibliography  of  books  dealing  with  the  early 
history  of  India  completes  a  volume  which  is 
worthy  of  the  Society's  highest  traditions. 

Selections  from  James  BoswelVs  Life  of  Samuel 
Johnson.  Chosen  and  Edited  by  R.  W.  Chap- 
man. (Oxford,  Clarendon  Press.  3s.  6d.  net.) 
DR.  BIRKBECK  HILL,  Johnson's  greatest  editor, 
published,  it'  we  remember  right,  a  selection  of 
Boswell's  book  :  but  it  has  been  ?ome  while  out  of 
print.  We  noticed  in  June  the  collection  of  John- 
sonian matter  by  Mr.  S.  C.  Roberts.  But  the  world 
of  readers  cannot  have  too  much  of  a  wise  and 
noble  master  of  life,  like  Johnson,  and  we  welcome 
Mr.  Chapman's  selections.  His  notes  at  the  end 
reveal  his  expertness  and  good  taste,  and  his  Pre- 
face provides  a  firm  and  needed  reduction  of  false 
views  of  Boswell.  M  acaulay 's  travesty  and  Carly le's 
patronage  are  alike  out  of  place.  The  world  should 
read  Boswell,  not  his  reviewers,  and  Johnson's 
own  writings.  The  great  biography,  as  Mr.  Chap- 
man remarks,  contains  more  than  half  a  million 
words;  but  what  of  that?  It  can  betaken  up 
anywhere,  and  is  the  best  of  bedside  books. 

Mr.  Chapman's  selection  should  tempt  many 
readers  to  seek  the  mine  whence  these  good  things 
come.  No  competent  student  of  life  and  letters 
can  fail  to  perceive,  for  instance,  the  inimitable 
way  in  which  the  meeting  of  Johnson  and  Wilkes 
at  dinner  is  told.  Mr.  Chapman  has,  how- 
ever, not  confined  himself  to  brilliancies,  but 
given  a  fair  record  of  letters  and  anecdotes  which 
are  characteristic,  but  not  sparkling.  There  are 
people  who  think  that  because  Johnson  was  the 
greatest  man  of  his  time,  he  was  perfect  in  every 
wav  and  the  greatest  writer.  We  know  his  pre- 
judices so  well,  thanks  to  Boswell,  that  we  are  apt 
to  think  too  much  of  them.  Mr.  Chapman  has  in- 
eluded  his  remarks  on  soldiers  and  sailors.  He 
was  very  far  from  the  typical  John  Bull  in  his 
views  of  the  latter.  His  intense  desire  for  the 
truth,  and  his  standard  in  maintaining  it,  present 
an  ideal  which  many  men  in  public  life  might  well 
follow  to-day.  His  feelings  about  the  Whigs  re- 
mind us  of  the  distortions  of  history  which  have 
been  produced  by  that  powerful  sect  of  politicians. 
The  notes  at  the  end  are  especially  interesting, 
and  always  to  the  point.  Regarding  extract  62 
we  think  that  Johnson  knew  much  more  about 
mediaeval  Latin  than  about  ancient  Greece. 


yEsehylus  (144)  is  almost  above  translation,  but 
'-.he  versions  of  E.  D.  A.  Morshead  might  have 
been  mentioned.  We  are  glad  to  find  Mr.  Chap 
man  recording  recent  research  in  the  metre  of 
prose,  which  is  well  illustrated  (127).  Mr.  Chapman 
does  not  annotate  the  use  of  orange  peel  which 
Johnson  would  not  give  away  to  Boswell ;  but  we 
think  Dr.  Birkbeck  Hill  discovered  it. 

The  book  has  reproductions  of  two  excellent 
portraits,  showing  Reynolds's  view  of  Johnson  and 
Dance's  of  Boswell,  while  Boswell's  crest  figures  to* 
advantage  on  the  cover. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. 

WE  have  received  from  Messrs.  Maggs  Bros. 
34  and  35  Conduit  Street,  New  Bond  Street,  their 
Catalogue  No.  379  of  Early  English  Literature,, 
which  comprises  only  poetical  and  prose  works  by 
authors  born  prior  to  1700,  and  contains  690  items- 
of  this  description.  The  most  interesting  book 
included  seems  to  be  a  Chaucer  manuscript  of  the- 
Canterbury  Tales,  written  during  the  first  half  of 
the  fifteenth  century  on  616  pages  of  vellum  ;  a 
reproduction  of  a  page  of  this  is  given  in  the  cata- 
logue. It  is  to  be  hoped  that  this  manuscript  may- 
find  a  place  in  one  of  our  great  public  libraries. 
There  are  no  less  than  54  tracts  and  books  referring 
to  Quakers,  including  a  collection  of  300  tracts  and 
broadsides  by  members  of  the  Society  of  Friends, 
published  1654-57,  and  bound  in  9  volumes  by 
Bedford.  The  rarest  book  described  is  undoubtedly 
the  first  edition  of  Skelfr  n's  complete  poems,  pub- 
lished in  1568  "in  Flete  Streate  neare  unto  Saint 
Dunstones  Churche."  There  was  no  copy  in  either 
the  Huth  or  Hoe  Library.  One  of  the  "cokes"" 
contained  in  the  volume  is  entitled  "  Speake 
Parrot,"  and  is  chiefly  aimed  at  Cardinal  Wolsey. 
"Bo-ho  doth  bark  well,  but  Hough-ho  he  ruleth 
the  ring,"  is  the  burden  of  the  poem,  Bo-ho  being 
the  king  and  Hongh-ho  Woleey.  Wolsey  retaliated 
by  sending  Skelton  more  than  once  to  prison. 
Skelton  was  the  third  English  poet  laureate. 

Many  other  notable  items  are  to  be  found 
under  the  following  headings  :  Witchcraft,  Political 
Economy,  Newspapers,  Medical  and  Military,  Lon- 
don, Ireland  and  Law,  Queen  Elizabeth,  James  I, 
James  II,  Book  of  Common  Prayer,  Bibles,  Charles 
1,  Charles  II,  Civil  War  and  Commonwealth' 
Some  very  interesting  early  grammars  printed  by 
Caxton's  successor  Wynkyn  de  Worde  are  bound  in 
one  volume  and  are  described  under  No.  1620.  The 
catalogue,  as  all  Messrs.  Maggs's  catalogues  are,  is 
well  printed,  and  there  are  not  too  many  items  on 
one  page.  Many  booksellers  make  the  mistake  of 
overcrowding  their  pages,  and  it  is  refreshing  to 
meet  with  a  catalogue  that  does  not  tire  the  eyes. 

JSflifos  to  C0rastr0tt5enf* 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately* 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answers 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  query j 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

W.  D.  READ.— Forwarded  to  REV.  T.  LLECHID- 
JONES. 

CORRIGENDUM.—  Ante,  p.  160,  col.  2,  1.  23,  for 
"grime "  read  grimr. 


12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


197 


LONDON,  AUGUST,  1919 


C  O  N  T  E  N  T  S.  —  No.  95. 

*OTES:— The  Peace  Pageant  on  the  Thanus,  197- 
Marriage  Entries  in  Duplicate,  198  —  Incumbents  and 
Patrons  of  Bredwardine  and  Brobury,  200— Lewknor 
Family,  201  —  Shakespeariana,  202  —  Marshal  Foch's 
Patronymic,  203  —  Earl  of  Beacon sfi eld's  Birthplace  — 
Early  Maps  — Early  London  Orphan  Asylum,  204  — 
Moresnet:  Alleged  Small  Republic— Vinegar  upon  Nitre 
—Plane  Trees  in  London— "  Lorribus  "—Attention  of  a 
Soul  to  the  Corpse,  205— American  Link  with  Winchester 
—Curious  Personal  Names,  206. 

iUERIES :  —  Huett  Tomb  — Sir  Peter  Denis  —  Chevalier 
Peter  Dillon— Cowap  —  Mediaeval  Scientific  MSS.,206  — 
Duffus  Family -F.  Le  Hardy,  Miniature  Painter— Shake- 
speare Signatures— Mind,  Memory,  &c.— Divorce  Cases: 
List  Wanted  —  Charles  Russell  -  "  Bambino  "  —  John 
Williams— Rev.  Thomas  Hugo,  207— Church  of  England 
Marriage  Service— Field-names— Hore,  Artist :  Robertson, 
Miniaturist-Lowndes— Marshall,  208— Brewing  Kimes— 
George  Street,  Portman  Square  —  William  Anderson  — 
St.  John  Baptist  Heads— Yeardye  Family— Metal  Mortars 
— "  Apochromatic  "—Bernard  de  Mandeville,  209— Scum 
of  Democracy— Seven  Kings— Charles  Cooke,  Bookseller 
—Tobacco  Pipes— Popular  Fallacies— Ambassador— Bats : 
Hair-Birds  Poisoning  Captives,  210— 'Albania '—Philip 
Scot—'  The  Village  Blacksmith  '—Authors  of  Quotations 
Wanted,  211. 

JEPLIES  :— Indentures,  211— Master  Gunner,  212-Litera- 
ture  and  Iconography  of  London  Peace  Celebrations,  213— 
Reverie  in  Old  Ratcliffe  :  Death  of  C*pt.  John  Weddell— 
Queen  Anne  :  the  Sovereign's  Veto :  the  Royal  Assent,  214 
— Mercury  drawn  by  Cocks — New  Chesterfield  Letters 
—Representations  of  the  Blessed  Trinity,  215— Fish-yard 
— Inscriptions  in  St.  John  the  Evangelist's,  Waterloo 
Road,  216— Norfolk  Manuscripts—"  Pro  pelle  cutem  "— 
Jack  Straw  and  Wat  Tyler,  217— Stanhope— Bibliography 
of  Epitaphs -Fund  for  Preserving  Memorials  of  the  Dead 
in  Ireland— Folk-Lore  :  Red  Hair—  Bluecoat  Schools,  218 
— "Argyles" — Lord  Roberts  :  House  in  which  he  died— 
Deacon  in  Love  —  Daudet's  '  Jack,'  219— Bowshot:  the 
Longest— Kellond  Surname  220— George  Washington's 
Wealth— Tilly  Kettle  —  Proclamation  Stones  —  Anguish 
Street,  221  — The  Million  Bank— 'Mr.  Howard '—"  Let 
the  weak-st  go  to  th«  wall "—  Dickens's  Topographical 
Slips — Boulogne  :  Registers  and  Epitaphs,  222 — Authors 
of  Quotations  Wanted,  223. 

iOTES  ON  BOOKS:— 'Supplement  to  the  Letters  of 
Horace  Walpole.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

(BITUARY  :-Richard  Welford. 

foiices  to  Correspondents. 


'HE      PEACE      PAGEANT       ON      THE 
THAMES. 

SAST  LONDON  antiquaries,  especially,  and  the 
;reat  Service  of  the  ancient  Brotherhood, 
kiild,  Corporation,  and  Admiralty  annexe, 
fhose  homes  are  dispersed  so  generally  over 
he  wide  area  of  the  modern  Porfc  of  London, 
rere  gratified  to  observe  that  some  pride  of 
•lace  was  justly  and  naturally  given  to 
'  Trinity  "  in  the  national  Pageant  on  the 
Thames  on  Aug.  4,  1919  ;  and  they  only 
egretted  that  the  Royal  Progress  could  not 
ie  extended  to  where  so  much  English  sea- 
dventure  is  historically  localized — to  Old 


Stepney  and  its  maritime  hamlets  which 
were  long  "  the  Nursery  of  English  seamen." 
The  Spert  monument  in  the  south  wall  of 
the  chancel  of  Stepney  Church  (which  has 
been  restored  thrice  at  least  by  the  records, 
viz.,  in  1725,  in  1806,  and  in  1894)  sets  out 
that  there,  almost  within  sight  of  the  famous 
Ratcliff  Cross  and  Stairs  and  but  a  stone's 
throw  from  the  Mansion  House  of  the 
Stuart  and  Georgian  Trinity  Corporation, 
is  laid  the  body  of  Sir  Thomas  Spert,  kt., 
sometime  Controller  of  the  Navy  to 
Henry  VIII.,  "  and  both  the  First  Founder 
and  Master  of  the  Worthie  Societie  or 
Corporation  called  the  Trinity  House,  who 
died  8th  September,  1541."  To  Spert  the 
Corporation  of  Trinity  House  erected  this 
memorial  in  1622,  "  eighty  yeares  after  the 
decease  of  theyr  Founder,"  when  the 
Trinity  Guild  and  Fraternity  had  been 
changed  into  the  Corporation  of  the  Trinity 
House  in  official  documents  of  the  Brother- 
hood, though  not  in  the  common  parlance 
on  the  Seven  Seas.  Metcalfe,  in  his  *  Book 
of  Knights,'  states  that  Sir  Thomas  Spert 
was  among  the  "  knight es  made  by  ye  Kinge 
at  York  Place  now  called  Whitehall,  Anno 
D'ni  1529,  the  21st  yere  of  his  reigne." 
There  do  not  seem  to  be  any  in  1622  to 
contest  the  claim  for  Thomas  Spert  as  "  of 
Stebonheth  "  in  domicile  and  citizenship,  and 
the  Corporation's  own  memorial  only  fol- 
lowed and  replaced  the  monuments  upraised 
originally  in  Stepney  Church  by  the  founding 
pilot's  own,  family.  For  Norden  says, 
writing  of  Stepney  Church  :  — 

"  Sir  Thomas  Spert,  Knight,  s-ometime  Comp- 
troller of  the  Shipes  tc  H.  8,  Dame  Margery- 
Dame  Anne,  and  Dame  Mary,  his  wives,  lie  in  the 
Chancell  there." 

By  the  Act  passed  in  Queen  Elizabeth's 
eighth  year  (1566),  enabling  Trinity,  among 
other  things,  to  grant  licences  to  mariners  to 
on    the    River    Thames,    the    Guild    or 
'raternity  is  described  as 

charged  with  the  conduction  of  the  Queens 
Majesties  Naval  Royal,  who  are  bound  to  foresee 
the  good  increase  and  maintenance  of  ships  most 
meet  for  Her  Majesties  Marine  Service." 

This  Act  is  revealing  in  other  respects  withal, 
for  it  recites  that  "by  the  destroying  and 
taking  away  "  of  certain  sea-marks  on  the 
coast,  "to  the  great  detriment  and  hurt  of 
the  Commonweal  and  the  perishing  of  no 
mall  number  of  people,  both  home  and 
foreign  trade  was  injured."  Also  that  the 
provision  of  licences  to  mariners  to  row  on 
the  Thames  had  become  necessary  "  the 
better  to  keep  and  refrain  themselves  from 
folly,  idleness,  and  lewd  company ;  and  for 


198 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919. 


the  relief  of  their  wives  and  children." 
Prior  to  this  time,  it  seems,  "  wherrymen  " 
claimed  and  roughly  exerted  the  sole  right 
of  rowing  on  the  river,  and  were  in  the  habit 
of  molesting  the  private  boats  of  both 
English  and  foreign  vessels.  For  this  was  a 
period,  as  the  Trinity  official  historian  more 
than  hints,  when  there  was  a  sort  of  Eliza- 
bethan mariners — "  of  which  the  proper 
designation  should  probably  have  been 
pirates  and  the  most  fitting  destination  the 
nearest  yardarm — who  infested  the  high 
seas,  being  pests  to  the  trading  shipping  of 
both  friend  and  foe  alike."  And  there  is 
much  evidence  discoverable  that  to  this 
"  fitting  destination  "  the  Trinity  captains 
faithfully  remitted  many  rovers,  native  and 
foreign,  in  the  North  Sea,  in  due  pursuance 
of  their  multifarious  national  duties. 

It  will  be  noticed'  that  when,  on  Aug.  5, 
The  Prime  Minister  was  asked  :  — 
"  whether,  in  view  of  the  fact  that  the  East  End  of 
London  has  always,  since  the  Armistice,  been  left 
out  of  official  Peace  Celebrations,  Processions, 
Triumphal  Marches,  and  land  and  -water  Pageants, 
a  reason  could  be  given  why  the  Great  Pageant  of 
the  4th  August  could  not  have  started  opposite 
Greenwich  and  Poplar,  arid  finished  at  Chelsea, 
and  thus  have  afforded  a  larger  number  of  wounded 
and  war  wrorkers  an  opportunity  of  viewing  the 
Royal  Progress ;  and,  considering  the  amount  of 
war  service  done  by  the  residents  of  the  Eastern 
portion  of  the  Metropolis — quite  apart  from  purely 
historical  associations — would  the  right  honourable 
gentleman  see  that  the  East  End  has  its  share  in 
any  future  official  rejoicing?" 

Mr.  Bonar  Law  replied  that  the  River 
Pageant  was 

44  not  part  of  the  official  Peace  Celebrations, 
although  the  Admiralty  rendered  every  assistance 

possible The  factors  governing  the  length  of  the 

course  were  time,  tide,  land  facilities,  and  the 
fact  that  the  principal  boats  were  pulling  boats, 
which  rendered  any  extension  impracticable." 

Me. 


MARRIAGE    ENTRIES  IN  DUPLICATE. 

(See  11  S.  viii.  410,  455.) 

THE  question  of  the  reason  for  entries  in 
parish  registers  of  marriages  performed 
elsewhere  is  a  somewhat  difficult  one  to 
solve.  In  ths  Clithsroe  Registers  there  are 
the  following  entries  of  this  character  :  — 
1692. 

Mr  Thomas    Hooke  of  East  Bradford    and  Mrs 
Rebecca    Pratt   of    Clitherowe  were  marryed  att 
Griadleton  Chappell,  Octob.  4th. 
1695. 

Edmund  Taylor  and  Margarett  Chapman,  both 
within  the  Chapelry  of  Waddington,  were  marryed 
att  Mitton,  Novemb.  14. 


1696. 

Will™  Noblett  of  Mitton  and  Sarah  Sorebutts 
of  the  P'ish  of  Ribchester  were  marryed  att 
Grindleton  Chappel,  Octob.  I8t. 

These  three  entries  are  in  the  handwriting 
of  William  Bankes,  who  was  incumbent  of 
Clitheroe  from  1672  to  1696.  They  are  in 
proper  order  of  date  among  the  marriages, 
and  would  appear  to  have  been  entered  at 
or  about  the  time  the  marriages  were  con- 
tracted. It  is  possible  that  Bankes  himself 
performed  the  ceremony  on  each  occasion, 
as  the  churches  of  Grindleton  and  Mitton  are 
both  near  Clitheroe,  and  that  he  made  the 
entries  in  the  Clitheroe  Register  as  a  record 
of  his  own  doings.  I  think  this  is  the  more 
probable,  because  Bankes  left  Clitheroe  for 
the  Vicarage  of  Mitton,  and  his  last  entry  in 
the  Clitheroe  Registers  is  in  December,  1696. 

On  a  blank  page  of  the  Registers,  between 
the  end  of  the  burials  and  the  commencement 
of  the  marriages  (the  latter  of  which  in  that 
volume  commence  in  1681),  there  are  the 
following  entries  :  — 

Mr  Will™  Bankes,  Minisf  of  Chit  hero  we,  and 
Mrs.  Elizab.  Webster  of  Clitherowe,  marryed  by 
Mr.  Tho  Slacke,  Rector  of  Bolton  juxta  Bowland, 
October  y°  4th,  1686. 

John  King  and  Margarett  Scott  marryed  June 
25,  1695. 

Mr  John  Lister  of  Clitherowe  and  Anne  Swingle- 
hurst  of  Clitherowe  were  marryed  Octob.  2,  1682. 

Mr  John  Taylor  of  Chatborn  and  Ann  Fountain 
of  Linton  married  July  yc  4th,  1717- 

It  should  be  noted  that  Chatburn  is  in  the 
parochial  chapelry  of  Clitheroe. 

The  first  three  of  these  entries  are  in  the 
handwriting  of  Bankes.  The  last  entry  is  in 
that  of  Thomas  Taylor,  who  was  incumbent 
of  Clitheroe  from  1701  to  1737.  The  first 
entry,  singularly  enough,  is  that  of  the 
marriage  of  Bankes  himself.  There  is  no 
entry  of  this  marriage  in  the  Bolton-by- 
Bowland  register,  so  that  it  apparently  did 
not  take  place  there.  The  entries  were  cer- 
tainly not  made  contemporaneously  with  the 
marriages  themselves,  as  they  are  not  in 
order  of  date.  It  is  hard  to  think  they  were 
marriages  performed  at  Clitheroe,  and  for- 
gotten to  be  entered  at  the  proper  time,  and 
then  recollected  arid  entered  years  after- 
wards. Surely  Bankes,  as  the  incumbent  of 
Clitheroe,  would  have  taken  care  that  his 
own  marriage  was  entered  in  due  course 
among  the  other  marriages  of  the  year  in  its 
proper  place  ;  and  we  can  hardly  imagine 
that  Lister's  marriage  in  1682  (which  is 
entered  after  King's  marriage  of  1695),  if  it 
took  place  at  Clitheroe,  was  only  entered  in 
the  register  thirteen  years  at  least  after  the 
event.  Moreover,  if  these  marriages  had 


28.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


199 


m  performed  at  Clitheroe  and  forgotten 
be  entered  at  the  time,  they  would  most 
)bably  have  been  interlined  among  the 
.rriages  of  the  appropriate  year,  instead 
being  entered  by  themselves  in  a  separate 
,ce.  They  appear  to  me  to  be  memoranda 
marriages  that  had  taken  place  elsewhere, 
which  it  was  desirable  to  keep  a  record  in 
?  place  where  the  parties  lived. 
A  reason  for  this  is  not  far  to  seek,  for  at 
3  period  to  which  these  entries  relate,  and 

years  afterwards,  the  Church  of  England, 
•ough  the  Ecclesiastical  Courts,  exercised 
control  over  the  morals  of  the  people. 
By  the  109th  Canon,  "  if  any  offend  their 
sthren  either  by  adultery,  whoredom, 
jest,  or  drunkenness,  or  by  swearing, 
»baldry,  usury,  or  any  other  uncleanness 
d  wickedness  of  life,"  the  churchwardens 
9  enj.oined  to  present  them  to  their 
•dinaries.  And  by  the  113th  Canon,  which 
ites  that  churchwardens,  "  either  through 
a,r  of  their  superiors,  or  through  negligence" 
ben  neglect  their  duties  in  this  respect, 
e  minister  is  empowered  to  join  the  church- 
irdens  in  their  presentments,  or,  if  the 
.urchwardens  will  not  present,  then  the 
inisters  are  empowered  to  do  so  themselves. 
tnon  115  clearly  recognizes  the  duty  of 
inisters  and  churchwardens  to  present  not 
dy  the  crimes  and  disorders  committed  by 
iminous  persons  in  their  parishes,  but  also 
the  common  fame  which  is  spread  abroad 

them  " — in  other  words,  local  gossip  and 
:tle-tattle. 

These  canons  were  frequently  acted  on 
id  offenders  presented  to  the  Ecclesiastical 
>urts  ;  and  if  the  charges  were  sustained,the 
lilty  parties  were  ordered  to  do  penance,  or, 

the  case  were  serious,  excommunicated, 
he  working  of  the  system  is  illustrated  by 
le  following  entry  in  the  Clitheroe  Church - 
ardens'  Accounts  for  1669  :  — 

.  Mch  18.  Itm,  spent  at  Airton's  in  attend- 
ice  of  Mr.  Driver,  to  know  -whether  hee  was 
arryed  or  noe,  ffor  the  discharge  of  the  minister 
id  churchwardens  ...  ...  ...  006 

There  was  apparently  some  scandal  about 
[r.  Driver.  It  was  probably  whispered 
naong  the  gossips  of  the  town  that  he  and 
le  lady  he  called  Mrs.  Driver  had  not  been 
'gaily  made  man  and  wife.  In  order, 
lerefore,  to  discharge  their  consciences,  and 
aable  them  to  decide  whether  they  must 
^.ke  action  under  the  canons,  they  sent  for 
j[r.  Driver  to  the  alehouse,  and  over  six- 
ennyworth  of  small  beer  got  his  explanation 
!"  the  matter. 
>r  1669  we 


On  turning  to  the  Register 
find    the    following    entries 


William  Brigge  and  Elizabeth  Lord  marryed  the 
19th  of  October. 

MrBernerd  Driver  and  Bridgett  Ffarrer  marryed 
the  26  of  Sep.  by  License  from  Chester,  1669. 
Marriages  in  Anno.  1670. 

James  Crooke  and  Ellen  Hindle  marryed  the 
third  day  of  July. 

As  at  this  period  the  year  began  on 
March  25,  the  18th  of  March,  1669,  when  the 
interview  with  Mr.  Driver  took  place,  was 
the  18th  of  March,  1670,  according  to  the 
present  reckoning.  It  is  therefore  clear  that 
"he  entry  of  his  marriage  in  the  register  could 
not  have  been  made  at  the  date  of  the  inter- 
view, or  there  would  have  been  no  need  to 
interview  him  ;  and  if  the  marriage  had 
taken  place  at  Clitheroe,  every  one  would 
have  known  about  it.  The  interview  must 
have  resulted  in  Driver  furnishing  satis- 
factory evidence  that  he  was  legally  married, 
and  to  set  the  matter  at  rest  the  minister 
must  have  entered  the  marriage  in  the 
Register,  which,  it  will  be  seen,  he  was  able 
to  do  only  a  little  out  of  proper  order. 

Curiously  enough,  there  is  another  case 
of  a  somewhat  similar  character  in  the 
Clitheroe  Registers.  In  a  blank  space  under 
a  list  of  what  he  calls  "  Publications  of 
Marriages  "  (but  which  is  evidently  a  list  of 
the  publications  of  banns)  during  the  year 
1675  Bankes  has  made  the  following  entry  :  — 
Ch.  K.  and  J.  Du  sayd  they  were  marryed  ffeb. 
ye  14th,  1680,  but  I  never  had  any  testimoniall 
thereof  brought.  Willm  Bankes. 

Not  content  with  this,  at  the  end  of  the 
marriages  for  1680  (which  was  the  end  of 
the  marriages  in  that  volume)  Bankes  has 
written  again  :  — 

Christopher  Kendall  and  Jennett  Dugdall  sayd 
they  were  marryed  ffebuary  the  14th,  1680,  but  I 
never  had  any  testimoniall  thereof  brought. 

Will"1  Bankes. 

Then  comes  the  following  entry  by  Thomas 
Taylor,  who  became  incumbent  in  1701  :  — 

May  ye  20th,  1704. 

I  received  a  testimoniall  from  ye  Reverend  Mr. 
Phillipson,  now  Vicar  of  Almondbury,  yt  ye  above 
mentioned  Christopher  Kendall  and  Jennet  Dug- 
dall were  marryed  Feb.  ye  14,  1680,  as  above 
Witness  my  hand, 

Witness  also  Tho.    Taylor, 

Richard  Dugdale.  Minr  of  Clithero. 

There  may  have  been  more  reasons  than 
one  that  led  to  duplicate  entries  of  marriages, 
but  I  think  it  is  pretty  clear  that  in  many 
cases  they  were  intended  to  preserve  a- 
record  of  the  marriage  in  the  register  of  the 
parish  where  the  parties  lived,  in  order  to 
prevent  scandal,  and  to  save  trouble  to  the 
church  officers,  and  annoyance  to  the  parties 


concerned. 


wards  the  end  of  the  marriages  in  1669  : —       Westwood,  Clitheroe. 


WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 


200 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


.  v.  ACO..  mm 


INCUMBENTS   AND   PATRONS    OF 

Vicars.                              Patrons. 
18oO  Newton    Dickinson          Rev.  N.  D.  H.  New 

BREDWARDINE    AND    BROBURY, 

Hand  Newton                  ton 

HEREFORD. 

1854  William  Newton              (Patronage  vested  ii 

the  Newton  famil- 

BOTH    churches    were    built    early    in    the 

until  1918,  when  i 

Norman  period  at  dates  unknown.     The  two 
parishes  were  united  by  an  Order  in  Council 

lapsed  pro  tempor\ 
to  the  Bishop.) 
1862  Samuel  Clark                               

in   1851.     In   1873  the  dilapidated  nave  of 

1871   John  Houseman                            

Brobury   Church   was   demolished,  and   the 

1877   Robert   Francis    Kil- 

chancel  converted  into  a  mortuary  chapel. 
Bredwardine  thus  became  the  parish  church 

vert 
1879  Henry    Trevor    Wil- 
lictrnson 

for  both  parishes. 

1909  Owen  Randal  Slacke                  

The    following    lists    are    compiled    from 

1911  James  Jobling                               

(a)    Episcopal    Registers    (Hereford),    pub- 

1918 Herbert  Fuller  Bright     Bishop  of  Hereford 

lished  by  the  Cantilupe  Society,  the  com- 

Compston 

pletion  of  which  series  will  help  to  fill  up 

(38  names.) 

some  gaps  in  the  lists  ;  (b)  the  parish  registers 

RECTORS  OF  ST.  MARY  MAGDALENE,  BROBURY. 

(Bredwardine    from     1723,     Brobury     from 

Rectors.                             Patrons. 

1786)  ;  (c)  notes  of  a  paper  published  in  The 

1305  Peter   de    Brockbury     William    de    BrocE 

Ross  Gazette  by  the  late  Canon  Phillott  and 

bury      (i.e.     Bra 

kindly    sent    me    by    my    predecessor,    Pre- 

bury.     The  nan* 

bendary  H.  T.  Williamson  ;   (d)  Duncomb's 

occurs   in   variou 

'  History  of  Hereford  '  (Cooke's  continuation) 
for    Brobury    only    (an    inaccurate    and    in- 

forms.) 
1325  Thomas  of  Bosbury    \              ,      ~-K  , 
1329  Walter  de  Marstone    )Wm-   de   Brockburj 

complete  list).     I  am  also  indebted  to  Canon 

1366   Robert  de  la  Mare         Simon  de  Brockburj 

Bannister  for  some  facts  and  verifications. 

j  1372  John  Caundile               \-nr-ii- 
1391   Richard  Bron  Bene    /William  Seymour 

VICARS  OF  ST.  ANDREW'S,  BREDWARDINE. 

1421  Philip  Clad                       Sir  John  Baskervilll 

Vicars.                               Patrons. 

(Guardian  of  Rogei 

1277  Walter  de  Middleton     Abbot  and  G'onvent 
of  Wigmore   (Wig- 
m  ore       held       the 
advowson     up    to 

Seymore's  heir.)  ] 
1423  Thomas  Warde              \Tnhn    Hevmore 
1436  John  Forgvs 
1440  Griffin  ap  David             Bishop   of   Hereford 

its    dissolution    in 
1537.) 

(by  lapse) 
1444  Lewis  ap  Jevan              Sir  John  Seymore 

1332  Walter  Heys 
1369  William  Kemmus 

?       Lewis  Jones 
1482  Walter  Hygins                 Bishop  of  Hereford! 
?       John  Marske 

13TO   \Villiciin  (.AH  toys 
1371   Richard  Palmore 
1371  Thomas  Martyn 
1375  Thomas  Wymaston                      

1524  David  ap  Lewes           )  c-     T,VK«  ««^ 
1529   Richard  Pvtt                 }Sir  John  Seymore  j 
1561   John  Owgan  (In  1565     John          Scudamorj 
permitted    to    hold         (of     Holm    Lacy] 
Brobury  along  with         and  J  ames  Warnej 
Holrner     and     St.           comb 

1.3QO   Jon.ni  \Vyvc 
1396  John  Poore  de  Black-                  
in.  01*0 

1398  William  Pontesbury 

Mary,  Staines.) 

1416  William  Tynkere 

1569  John  Williams 

1420  John  Smyth 
1421  John  Walter 
1432  Walter  Russel 
1456  Matthew  Mason 
1462  John  Persy  vale 
?      Laurence  ap  Harry 
1506  Philip  Vayne 
?       Joshua  Molde 

1572   Richard  Browne                           

1601   George  Bannister 
1613   Edward  Francis 
1618  Edward  James 
1629  Thomas  Reading           \  John,    Viscount 
1637   Robert  Tetlowe             /      Scudamore 
1664  John  Stilling                    Thomas  Bennet 
?       Thomas  Aubrey  (See 

1542  James  Tern                        King  Henry  VIII. 

also  under  Brewar-                  

1557  Roger  Browne                  John  Walwyn 
1616c.Richard  Brampton 
?       John  Stilling 
1671  Thomas  Aubrey 
(d.  1709) 

dine,  1671-1680.) 
1681  John  Stilling  (jun.  ?)  \JohnScudamoreanJ 
1694  Benjamin  Griffith         /      Viscount  Sligo 
1702  Francis  Harris               \Rev.  W.  Harris,  V, 
1709  Higgins  Harris               f     of  Bredwardine 

1680  William  Harris 

1751  Samuel  Prosser                Exors.       of      Anne 

1731  Higgins  Harris                 William  Brydges 
1751  Samuel  Prosser               Exors.       of       Anne 
Wright 

Wright 
1789  James  Beebee                   Mary  Beebee 
1816  Will  Tylnev  Spurdens     Rev.  W.  T.  Spurdens 

1789  James  Beebee                  Mary  Beebee 

1830  Newton  Dickinson           Rev.  N.  D.  H.  New- 

1816  Will  Tylney  Spurdens     Rev.  W.  T.  Spurdens 

Hand  Newton                  ton 

2  8.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


201 


For  subsequent  rectors,  making  42  names 
all,  see  list  of  Vicars  of  Bredwardine,  the 
fishes  having  been  united  in  1851. 
[  should  be  grateful  for  any  corrections, 
nments,  or  additions. 

H.  F.  B.  COMPSTON. 
Bredwardine  Vicarage,  Hereford. 


LEWKNOR  FAMILY. 

7  Edward  I.  Roger  de  Lewkenor  claimed 
d  had  the  manor  of  Horstede,  i.e.,  Horsted 
jynes,  in  Sussex,  which  he  and  his  an- 
stors  had  owned  from  time  immemorial 
Sussex  Archaeological  Collections,'  iii.  91). 
Mr.  Weekley  in  his  '  Romance  of  Names  ' 
,  100)  has  :  "  Lukner,  Du.  Luykenaar, 
Ein  from  Liege." 

The  best  pedigree  is  in  the  volume  of 
iussex  Archaeological  Collections '  above 
;ed,  and  was  compiled  by  William  Durrant 
ioper,  F.S.A.  Charles  Henry  Cooper  in 
Lthenae  Cantabrigienses,'  i.  251,  expressed 
e  opinion  that  Edmund  Lewkenor  (B.A., 
62/3,  Fellow  of  St.  John's  College,  Cam- 
idge,  Mar.  31,  1563),  was  probably  a 
•unger  son  of  Edward  Lewkenor,  groom- 
-rter,  who  was  implicated  in  Sir  Thomas 
yatt's  rebellion,  and  died  in  the  Tower  of 
>ndon  in  1556  :  but  this  seems  impossible 
)m  a  perusal  of  W.  D.  Cooper's  pedigree 
id  introductory  notes.  He  was  much 
ore  likely  a  brother  of  Thomas  Lewknor, 
:amined  as  a  suspected  Papist  Mar.  24, 
176,  M.P.  for  Midhurst  1586  and  1588, 
id  of  Richard  Lewknor  of  West  Dean, 
lief  Justice  of  Wales,  and  son  of  Edmund 
3wknor  of  Fyning  Manor  in  the  parish  of 
ogate.  Nevertheless,  C.  H.  Cooper's  sug- 
>stion  has  been  accepted  with  a  query  by 
Dster  in  his  '  Alumni  Oxonienses,'  and  by 
oase  in  his  '  Registrum  Collegii  Exoniensis,' 
3.  74,  75. 

Edmund  Lewknor  commenced  M.A.  at 
imbridge  in  1565,  but  before  taking  that 
3gree  migrated  to  Exeter  College,  Oxford 
.  1566,  as  one  of  the  original  Fellows  on 
r  William  Petre's  foundation,  and  took 
le  degree  of  M.A.  in  1567.  Among  his 
npils  there  were  Thomas  and  John  Gerard 
>ns  of  Sir  Thomas  Gerard,  of  Bryn,  Lanes 
.t.,  the  former  of  whom  became  a  baronei 
L  1611,  and  the  fatter  a  Jesuit  in  1588 
he  latter  writes  in  his  autobiography 
F.  Morris,  '  The  Condition  of  Catholics  under 
ames  I.  '  p.  xi)  : — 

"  At  the  age  of  fifteen  I  was  sent  to   Exeter 
allege,   Oxford,  where  my  tutor  was  a  certain 


Hr.  Leukner,  a  good  and  learned  man,  and  a 
Catholic  in  mind  and  heart.  There  however  I  did 
not  stay  more  than  a  twelvemonth,  as  at  Easter 
the  heretics  sought  to  force  us  to  attend  their 
worship,  and  to  partake  of  their  counterfeit 
sacrament.  I  returned  then  with  my  brother  to 
ny  father's  house,  whither  Mr.  Leukner  himself 
soon  followed  us,  being  resolved  to  live  as  a 
atholic  in  very  deed,  and  not  merely  in  desire . 
While  there,  he  superintended  our  Latin  studies 
!or  the  next  two  years,  but  afterwards  going  to 
Belgium,  he  lived  and  died  there  most  holily." 

Edmund  Lewknor  resigned  his  fellowship 
in  1577,  being  then  Vice -Rector  of  the 
College. 

On  June  5,  1579,  he  arrived  at  the  English 
College  at  Rheims,  and  received  the  first 
tonsure,  minor  orders,  and  the  subdiaconate 
at  Laon,  Sept.  20,  1579,  the  diaconate  at 
Rheims  at  the  hands  of  Mgr.  Cosine  Clausse 
de  Marchaumort,  Bishop  of  Chalons-sur- 
Marne,  Mar.  19,  and  the  priesthood  at 
Soissons  between  May  25  and  29,  1580,  and 
he  said  his  first  mass  in  the  Church  of  St. 
Etienne,  Rheims,  June  16,  1580.  He  became 
lecturer  on  the  Catechism  in  1585,  and 
apparently  continued  in  that  office  except 
for  a  short  holiday  in  August,  1589,  until  he 
left.  In  December,  1588  he  was  au- 
thorized to  hear  the  confessions  of  all 
English  people  of  either  sex.  In  May  and 
June,  1590,  he  gave  a  seven  weeks'  course 
of  lectures  in  logic  to  the  older  students. 
On  Aug.  8,  1593,  he  set  out  for  Douay,  and 
matriculated  at  the  University  there  in 
April,  1594  (see  Knox,  '  Douay  Diaries,' 
passim).  He  seems  to  have  been  the  writer 
of  the  latter  portion  of  the  '  Second  Diary  ' 
which  came  to  an  end  in  1593  (see  '  Cath. 
Rec.  Soc.  '  vol.  x.  p.  1,  &c.).  Boase  ten- 
tatively ascribes  to  him  '  The  Estate  of  the 
English  Fugitives,  1591,'  printed  in  '  Sadler 
Papers  '  ii.  478.  Is  it  known  when  he  died  ? 

Nicholas  Lewkenor  entered  Winchester 
College  aged  13,  from  Broadwater,  Sussex, 
in  1529.  Possibly  he  was  the  illegitimate 
son  of  John  Lewkenor  who  was  parson  of 
Broadwater  12  Henry  VII.  Is  anything 
known  of  him  ?  The  Bursar  of  Winchester 
College  has  kindly  sent  me  the  following 
notes  about  the  Winchester  scholar  George 
Lewkner  : — 

1.  Winchester     College     Register :     "  Nomina 
Scholarium     admissorum     Ao     Dni     1556.     [7th 
name  :]     Georgius     Lewkner     de     Tangmer,     xij 
Anno  rum  in  festo  Omnium  Sanctorum  preterite, 
dioc.]       Cichestrensis.      [Marginal      note  :]      rec. 
Oxon." 

2.  "  Liber  Successionis  et  Dignitatis  "  (compiled 
from  New  College  records),  under  year  1562  (the 
date  is  of  admission  to  Fellowship  after  two  years 
of   probation):    "Jan.   29   [i.e.,    1562/3]      Georg. 
Lukener  [alias]  Lewkener,  De  villa  Tagmer  [sic  for 


202 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919. 


Tangmer],  com.  Sussex.  [Ceased  to  be  Fellow] 
1570.  [Degreel  Artium  Bacc." 

3.  Boase,  '  Register  of  the  University  of 
Oxford  '  (Oxford  Hist.  Soc.),  vol.  i.  (1885),  p.  254  : 
"  Lewkner  or  Lukener,  George,  adm.  B.A. 
24  Mar.  156|,  det.  [i.e.,  "determined,"  that  is, 
"  presided  over  disputations,  and  gave  out  his 
determination  or  decision  on  the  questions  dis- 
cussed," as  every  man  admitted  as  B.A.  was 
expected  to  do  in  the  Lent  after  his  admission] 
1565 — adm.  probationary  Fellow  of  New  College 
29  Jan.  1560  [i.e.,  say  I,  1560  /I]  from  Tagmer  [sic] 
in  Sussex,  res.  1570  ;  a  doctor  of  medicine  [but 
Boase  does  not  state  his  authority  for  saying  that 
this  George  Lewkner  was  "  doctor  of  medicine  "]." 

I  have  been  unable  to  ascertain  when  one 
George  Lewknor  abtained  his  degree  of  M.D. 
However,  assuming  him.  to  have  taken  it 
somewhere  abroad  it  is  possible  that  he 
should  be  identified  with  the  father  of  a 
nun  of  St.  Monica's,  Louvain.  The  Chronicle 
of  St.  Monica's,  vol.  ii.  (edited  by  Dom. 
Adam  Hamilton,  O.S.B.  and  published  by 
Sands  &  Co.  in  1906),  at  p.  39  says  that 
Sister  Margaret  Lutnor  (Lewkenor)  was 
professed  on  Oct.  4,  1626,  and  that  she  was 

"  daughter  unto  George  Lukner,  of  an  ancient 
noble  house,  but  a  younger  brother.  He  under- 
took the  course  of  law,  and  was  Doctor  of  the 
Civil  Law,  but  finding  in  time  that  he  could  not 
well  live  thereby  in  England,  being  a  Catholic,  he 
was  content  to  become  a  doctor  of  physic,  &c." 

It  adds  (p.  40)  that  her  father  dying  about 
1626,  when  she  was  28,  "  of  his  free  will 
gave  her  a  portion  for  religion,  she  having 
nothing  of  her  own."  Sister  Margaret 
Lewkenor  died  Mar.  6,  1644,  "  at  the  age 
of  46  years  and  eighteen  of  her  profession" 
(pp.  196-7). 

Samuel  Lewknor  entered  Winchester  Col- 
lege in  1584,  aged  11,  from  Selsey.  Though 
not  in  the  pedigree,  he  was  probably  a  son 
of  the  Thomas  Lewknor,  M.P.  for  Midhurst 
in  1586  and  1588,  mentioned  above  :  and  a 
brother  of  Sir  Lewis  Lewknor  (M.P.  for 
Midhurst,  1597,  and  appointed  Master  of 
Ceremonies  to  Ambassadors,  Nov.  11,  1605). 

Thomas  Lewknor,  the  Jesuit  (as  to  whom 
see  Foley,  '  Records  S.  J.,'  vol.  ii.  p.  636, 
vol.  vii.  pp.  454,  924)  belonged  to  the  West 
Dean  branch  of  the  family  and  his  father 
held  a  high  place  at  court.  He  was  born  at 
Antwerp  in  1588,  entered  the  Society  of 
Jesus  in  1611,  was  employed  from  1625  to 
1645  on  the  English  mission,  and  died  in 
London,  aged  57.  I  should  conjecture  that 
he  was  a  son  of  Richard  Lewknor,  of  West 
Dean,  Chief  Justice  of  Wales,  above  men 
tioned. 

Is  there  any  evidence  that  this  Richard 
Lewknor' s  wife  was  a  Catholic  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWKIGHT. 


SHAKESPEARIANA. 

A  BATCH  OF  EMENDATIONS. — '  Tempest/1 
I.  ii.  :  — 

Who  t'  advance,  and  who 
To  trash  for  over-topping. 

Much  ingenuity  has  been  wasted  in  attempts 
to  twist  a  meaning  out  of  trash.  The 
Restoration  arrangement  by  Davenant  and. 
Dryden  substituted  lop.  A  much  more 
satisfactory  word  is  plash. 

'  1  Henry  IV.,'  II.  i.  :  — 

Bourgom asters  and  great  Oneyers. 
The  right  word  is  plainly  indicated  by  the 
opening  scene  of  '  Merchant  of  Venice, 
line  10:  — 

Like  signiors  and  rich  burghers  on  the  flood. 
We  need  have  no  hesitation  in  adopting  the 
reading 

Burgomasters  and  great  signiors. 

'  King  Lear,'  I.  ii.  (from  the  Quartos)  :  — 

"  Needless  diffidences,  banishment  of  friends 
dissipation  of  Cohorts,  nuptial  breaches,  anc 
I  know  not  what." 
Somewhere  in  Elizabethan  literature — un- 
fortunately I  did  not  note  where — I  met 
with  a  phrase  which  explains  the  difficulty 
"  dissipation  of  contracts." 

These  three  emendations,  plash,  sicpiiors 
contracts,  I  think  deserve  admission  into 
the  text.  Here  are  also  some  attempts  to 
explain  obscurities. 

'  Measure  for  Measure,'  II.  ii.  :  — 

But  man,  proud  man 
Brest  in  a  little  briefe  authoritie  ; 
Most  ignorant  of  what  he's  most  assurTd, 
(His  glassie  Essence)  like  an  angry  Ape 
Plaies  such  phantastique  tricks  before  high  heaven 
As  makes  the  Angels  weepe. 
This  I  formerly  thought  to  be  the  most 
hopeless  misprint  in  all  Shakespeare  ;  possi- 
bly I  have  at  last  hit  upon  the  general  idea 
on  which  the  simile  is  based.  The  reference 
is  apparently  to  an  ape  being  angered  by 
seeing  his  reflection  in  a  looking-glass.  The 
best  emendation  I  can  offer  is 

His  glassed  semblance. 

Shakespearian  students  may  be  able  to 
improve  upon  this  ;  but  I  fear  a  line  has 
dropped  out.  There  may  have  been  a 
semicolon  in  the  middle  of  the  missing  line, 
after  a  verb  ;  the  whole  sentence  having 
constructional  analogies  with  Hamlet's  sen- 
tence on  the  "  vicious  moles  of  nature." 

'1  Henry  IV., 'II.  iv.  :- 

Gads.  Some  sixe  or  seven  fresh  men  set  upon  us. 
Fal.  "  And    unbound    the    rest,  and   then    came* 

in  the  other." 


12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


203 


ralstaff  more  probably  said  came  on  (all) 
ogether.  Came  in  yet  others,  though  further 
rom  the  original  text,  deserves  con- 
ideration. 

In  the  same  scene  occur  the  two  mis- 
•rints  "  pitiful -hearted  Titan,"  and  elf  skin, 
orrected  by  Theobald  and  Hanmer  to 
'  pitiful -hearted  butter  "  and  eelskin.  They 
•re  both  adopted  in  Dyce's  edition  ;  I  did 
iot  know  this  when  I  put  forward  Theo- 
>ald's  suggestion  at  10  S.  vi.  504.  Nat. 
Weld's  *  Woman  is  a  Weathercock,'  I.  ii., 
•nd  Fletcher's  'Women  Pleased,'  III.  ii., 
ustify  Hanmer. 

'  Tempest,'  V.  i.,  Ariel's  song  :  — 
On  the  bat's  back  I  do  -fly 
After  summer,  merrily. 

something  is  wrong ;  Theobald  proposed 
fter  sunset,  which  has  been  generally  fol- 
3wed.  The  Davenant  -  Dryden  version 
;ives  : — 

On  the  swallow' 's  wing  I  fly 

After  summer,  merrily. 

"his  version  has  been  overlooked  ;  and 
ven  in  the  '  Variorum  Shakespeare '  it 
[oes  not  appear. 

Trembling  for  the  consequences,  I  send  a 
uggestion  for  the  text  of  the  entire  song  ; 
a  sheer  timidity  I  have  long  kept  it  un- 
written, but  have  finally  screwed  my 
ourage  to  the  sticking-place,  and  here 
;  is  : — 

Where  the  bee  sucks,  there  (suck)  I ; 
Ic  a  cowslip's  bell  I  lie  ; 
On  the  bat's  back  I  do  fly, 
There  I  couch  when  owls  dp  cry. 
On  the  swallow's  wing  I  hie, 
After  summer,  merrily. 

"he  two^  versions  are  thus  united  ;  and  the 
ourth  line  of  the  original  put  before  the 
bird.  Otherwise  the  only  addition  is  hie. 
n  the  first  line,  neither  suck,  as  in  the  Folio, 
or  the  popular  emendation  lurk,  is  quite 
on  vine  ing.. 

'  Macbeth,'  I.  i.  — How  many  readers  have 
ny  conception  of  the  exact  meaning  of  the 
oncluding  lines  ?  The  couplet 

Faire  Is  foule,  and  foule  is  faire, 

Hover  through  the  fogge  and  filthie  ayre, 
onveys     no    distinct     idea ;     and     equally 
bscure  are  Macbeth' s  first  words  in  I.  iii.  :  — 

So  foule  and  faire  a  day  I  have  not  seene. 
>avenant's  arrangement  has  :  — 

For  us  fair  iceather's  foul,  and.  foul  is  fair  ; 

Hover  through  the  foggy  filthy  air. 

'he  witches  have  "  wound  up  "  a  charm 
afore  Macbeth  and  Banquo  enter.  It 
ppears  to  me  that  in  both  scenes  Shake  - 
Dear©  directed  that  the  witches  should 


raise  a  sudden  darkness,  an  effect  required 
in  several  contemporary  dramas. 

'  Romeo  and  Juliet,'  III.  ii.  :  — 

Spread  thy  close  curtain,  love-performing  night  I 
That  runnaweyes  eyes  may  wincke  ;  and  Romeo 
Leap  to  these  arms,  untalkt  of,  and  unseen  ! 

The  emendations  sunne-a-weary  and  un- 
awares, proposed  for  this  famous  difficulty, 
have  not  been  accepted  :  one  is  too  com- 
plicated, one  too  trivial.  Here  again  a 
Restoration  arrangement  gives  some  help. 
Otway,  in  '  Caius  Marius  '  (1680),  uses  the 
speech  ;  he  substitutes  "jealous  eyes," 
making  at  least  good  sense  of  the  line. 
I  hardly  think  jealous  is  the  right  word,  and 
perhaps  Shakespeare  wrote  two  words  ;  but 
I  prefer  jealous  to  any  emendation  found  so 
far. 

Davenant' s  and  the  other  Restoration 
acting  versions  of  Shakespeare  are  com- 
monly decried,  and  with  full  justice,  for 
their  needless  alterations  and  objectionable 
additions  ;  but  let  it  not  be  forgotten  that 
Davenant  knew  Shakespeare,  and  that  the 
leading  tragedian  of  his  company  was 
Charles  Hart,  grandson  of  Shakespeare's 
sister  Joan  ;  and  further,  that  both  Davenant 
and  Hart  had  been  connected  with  the  stage 
even  before  the  Civil  War.  On  textual 
questions  the  Restoration  arrangements 
claim  examination.  The  operatic  perver- 
sion of  '  Measure  for  Measure,'  for  which 
Oldmixon  wrote  a  prologue  in  1700,  alters 
Isabella's  speech  wildly  enough  ;  but  it 
suggested  to  me  the  explanation  I  have 
given  above.  H.  DAVEY. 


MARSHAL  FOCH'S  PATRONYMIC. — Some 
time  ago  it  was  stated  that  the  late  Com- 
mander-in-Chief  of  the  Allied  Army,  like 
the  famous  American  admiral  of  the  Civil 
War,  David  Glasgow  Farragut,  was  of 
Spanish  extraction  ;  though  in  neither  case 
would  the  name  be  thought  to  betray  an 
Iberian  origin. 

Prof.  Weekley  in  his  '  Surnames  '  (pp.  46— 
282)  connects  the  French  general's  name 
with  Fulke,  Foulkes,  Vokes,  Fogg,  Fochier, 
and  Fouche,  through  the  Latin  Fulcher ; 
\vhich  I  take  to  be  a  false  attribution.  On 
the'  other  hand  in  Larchey's  '  Dictionnaire 
des  Noms,'  the  personal  names,  Focke  and 
Focas,  are  associated  with  that  of  Phocas,  a 
martyr  of  the  fourth  century,  who  was 
subsequently  canonised. 

The  true  derivation  of  this  now  all- 
important  surname  is,  I  think,  best  indicated 
by  M.  Raymond  Recouly  in  his  newly- 
published  monograph  on  the  career  of  the 


204 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  A™.,  1919. 


French  general,  as  coming  from  fwch,  a 
patois  word  of  the  Haute  Garonne,  which 
signifies  "fire."  The  locality  in  question 
being  close  to/  the  Pyrenees,  this  dialect 
term  is  ostensibly  nothing  more  than  a 
variant  of  Catalonian  fog,  Span,  fuego,  FT. 
feu,  Port,  fogo,  Ital.  fuoco,  Prov.  foes, 
Roum.  foe,  from  Lat.  fccus,  a  hearth  :  a 
philological  consummation  devoutly  to  be 
wished  in  view  of  the  fact  that  the  attribute, 
ardour,  is  in  an  especial  degree  appropriate 
to  the  mentality  of  the  great  French  soldier, 
whose  well-laid  plans  eventually  overcame 
the  deep  designs  and  pretentious  claims  of 
Prussian  militarism.  N.  W.  HILL. 

THE  EARL  OF  BEACONSFIELD'S  BIRTH- 
PLACE.— Monypenny's  'Life'  (1910),  says 
that  Isaac  D' Israeli,  who  had  been  living  in 
chambers  in  James  Street,  Adelphi,  moved 
to  King's  Road,  Bedford  Row,  on  his 
marriage,  and  there  his  eldest  son  Benjamin 
was  born ;  a  foot-note  stating  that  the 
house  is  now  22  Theobalds  Road,  and  that, 
oddly  enough,  Lord  Beaconsfield  seemed 
never  to  have  been  certain  either  of  the 
place  or  the  year  in  which  it  occurred.  An 
editorial  note  in  '  N.  &  Q.',  6  S.  iii.  360 
(1881),  states  that  the  date  Dec.  21,  1804, 
had  been  fixed,  "  but  not  so  the  number  of 
the  house  in  the  Adelphi  where  the  late  peer 
was  born."  The  '  D.N.B.'  gives  6  John 
Street,  Bedford  Row,  as  the  birthplace.  In 
'  The  Life  and  Reminiscences  of  E.  L. 
Blanchard,'  1891,  Blanchard  thus  spoke  or 
wrote  of  6  Adelphi  Terrace  (where  he  lived 
from  1876  to  1889),  p.  631  :— 

Isaac  DTsraeli  was  lodging  in  an  adjoining  street 
where,  his  wife  being  near  her  confinement,  the 
doctor  advised  a  removal  to  a  house  where  a  better 
view  and  fresher  air  could  be  obtained.  D'Israeli 
came  to  this  house,  and  it  was  in  this  very  room 
that  the  statesman  was  born." 

And  on  p.  600  referring  to  "  his  own  room 
on  the  third  floor,"  Blanchard  says  : — 

*'  We  are  sitting  now  on  the  site  of  Durham 
House,  where  Raleigh  smoked  his  first  pipe  in 
England.  It  was  in  this  very  room  that  Benjamin 
Disraeli  was  born,  just  eighty  years  ago." 

The  second  of  these  two  extracts  seems 
to  have  appeared  in  The  World  in  December, 
1886,  and  the  first  of  them  in  The  Star  in 
February,  1889. 

Unless  better  evidence  has  been  forth- 
coming, can  the  officially-placed  tablet 
which  now  commemorates  the  house  in 
Theobald's  Road  be  implicitly  relied  upon  ? 

W.  B.  H. 

[See  also  6  S.  x.  310,  363 ;  7  S.  iii.  441 ;  9  S.  iv. 
895,  526;  10  S.  vi.  357;  11  S.  viii.  119.] 


EARLY  MAPS.  —  The  following  paragraph,. 
which  is  cited  from  Scientific  America^ 
May  31,  1919,  urder  the  heading  of  '  Science,*" 
p.  569  (Munn  &  Co.,  New  York),  seems: 
perhaps  worth  reproduction  in  'N.  &  Q.'  :—  n 
THE  EARLIEST  PLAN  OF  NEW  YORK. 

Dr.  F.   C.  Wieder,  of  the   Royal   Netherlands. 
Geographical   Society,  who  has  recently  carried' 
out    extensive    investigations    concerning    early 
explorations  of  the  region  about  the  present  site- 
of  New  York  city,  has  brought  to  light  an  earlier! 
plan  of  New  York  than  any  previously  known- 
According  to  an  account  of  this  discovery  pub- 
ished    in    The    Geographical     Journal    the     map- 
appears  to  have  been  based  on  a  survey  made  in 
1660,  and  shows  a  regular  series  of  intercrossing" 
streets,  proving  that  even  at  that  period,  though- 
few  houses  had  been  erected,  the  whole  plan  of 
the  City  had  been  laid  out,  even  to  the  modern! 
"  townships."     This   map,   which   was   found   at 
the  Villa  Castello  in  Florence,  is  the  only  one  thus 
far    known    dating    from    the    period    of    L>utchJ 
sovereignty  on  Manhattan  Island.     The  so-ealled 
"  Duke's  plan,"  preserved  in  the  British  Museum  J 
formerly  the  earliest  one  known,,  appears  to  bferj 
in  fact,  only  an  inferior  British  copy  of  the  Dutch.] 

map'" 


FRED  L.  TAVAHE. 
22  Trentham  Street,  Pendleton,  Manchester. 


. 


EARLY  LONDON  ORPHAN  ASYLUM. — 
April,  1917,  a  London  bookseller  had  f 
sale  an  unfamiliar  pamphlet  : — 

"  London's  Charity  Inlarged,  stilling  the  orphan's 
cry,  by  the  liberality  of  the  Parliament,  in  grant- 
ing two  houses  by  Act,  and  giving  a  thousand 
pounds  towards  the  work  for  the  employment  of 
the  poor  and  Education  of  poor  children,  by  S.  H., 
etc.,  small  4to,  pp.  22.  London,  1650." 

Failing  the  opportunity  of  purchasing  or\ 
examining  this,  I  can  only  infer  it  refers  to  j 
an  early  form  of  orphan  asylum,  and  ifrj 
therefore  pre-dates  the  pamphlet  describing 
"  the  General  Nursery  or  Colledg  of  Infants 
set  up  by  the  Justices  of  Peace  "  in  part  of 
the  Corporation  Workhouse  at  ClerkenwelL 
This  pamphlet,  small  4to,  16  pp.  (including 
title)  was  licensed  Oct.  13,  1686r  and  printed 
by  R.  Roberts.  I  am  indebted  to  Mr.  F~ 
Marcham  for  sight  of  the  pamphlet  and 
much  useful  data  relating  to  it.  Sir  Thomas 
Rowe  was  entrusted  with  the  care  thereof,, 
and  apparently  (Middlesex  Sessions  Books,. 
1689-1709,  pp.  13,  66,  74/5,  125,  126,  156, 
165)  he  conveyed  Ms  estates  as  security  for 
this  trusteeship.  Ultimately,  the  children 
were  removed  to  Hornsey.  In  the  fact 
that  these  two  proposals  provided  for 
boarding  the  children  gratuitously,  they 
were  more  than  mere  charity  schools,  and  * 
distinct  advance  upon  W.  Blake's  '  Silver 
Drops  or  a  Serious  Thing,'  an  account  o£ 
a  Highgate  Ladies'  School,  1685. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS*. 


2  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


205 


MORESNET  :  ALLEGED  SMALL  REPUBLIC. 
ee  12  S.  i.  42,  129,  195,  258.)— At  the  first 
'eren.ce  I  quoted  a  letter  in  The  Standard 
June  2, 1896,  in  which  the  writer  mentioned 
Dresnet  as  a  "miniature  republic."  I 
ve  an  extract  from  The  Times  of  Aug.  25, 
03.,  which  showed  that  it  was  not  a 
public,  but  rather  a  small  territory  "  under 
e  condominion  of  Belgium  and  Prussia," 
subject  to  a  joint  administration,  pending 
final  settlement."  This  presumably  final 
ttlement  lias  been  arrived  at  by  the 
•eaty  -of  Peace,  partiii.,  articles  32  and 

'Germany  recognizes  the  full  sovereignty  of 
Igium  over  the  whole  of  the  contested  territory 
Moresnet  (called  Moresnet  neutre)." 
'  Germany  renounces  in  favour  of  Belgium  all 
;hts  and  title  over  the  territory  of  Prussian 
Dresnet  situated  on  the  west  of  the  road  from 
ege  to  Aix-la-Chapelle  ;  the  road  will  belong  to 
Igimn  where  it  Ibounds  this  territory." 

e  Supplement  oiThe  Times,  June  28,  1919. 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

VINEGAR  UPON  NITRE. — Compared  in 
•ov.  -xxv.  20  to  disturbing  actions.  The 
nitre  "  vhere  referred  to  is  not  saltpetre,  on 
lich  vinegar  lias  no  effect,  but  carbonate 
soda,  known  as  "  washing  soda,"  on 
licli  vinegar  produces  a  violent  efferves- 
ace.  R.V.  gives  "  soda "  as  an  alter- 
,tive  rendering,  but  that  ought  to  be  the 
.ly  one.  "Nitre,"  L.  nitrum,  Gr.  virpov, 
sb.  nether,  used  at  first  to  denote  native 
dium  carbonate  or  natron,  but  since  about 
33  potassium  nitrate  or  saltpetre.  So 

Jer.  ii.  22,  "  though  thou  wash  me  with 
bre  "  (TLV.  lye),  "  with  soda  "  would  be 
jht  now,  and  be  generally  "  understanded 

the  people."  J.  T.  F. 

iVinterton,  'Lraca. 

PLANE  TREES  IN  LONDON. — Plane  trees 
,ve  been  €iccused  (without  definite  proof) 
being  agents  in  spreading  colds,  &c.  ; 
is  said  trhat  their  minute  spicules,  which 
>at  in  tlie  air  in  dry  spring  weather,  act  as 
•itants  of  the  nose  and  throat.  The  plane 
a  native  of  a  region  of  scorching  summers, 
id  the  sun's  heat  in  London  is  reflected 
Dm  buildings  and  streets ;  it  is  late  in 
ifing,  thus  escaping  the  spring  frosts  ; 
.d  its  bark  is  shed  periodically.  For  these 
isons  it  is  an  excellent  tree  for  towns, 
lere  are  many  fine  examples  in  London, 
e  best  known  being  the  one  in  the  old 
urchyard  of  St.  Peter  in  Chepe,  at  the 
rner  of  Wood  Street,  which  probably 
ggested  Wordsworth's  '  Reverie  of  Poor 
isan.'  Amy  Levy's  poem  '  A  London 


Plane  Tree '  must  not  be  forgotten,  and  Dr. 
Manette  had  a  fine  example  in  his  wonderful 
old  echoing  garden  in  Soho. 

The  April  number  of  the  Proceedings  of 
the  Royal  Irish  Academy  contains  an 
article  entitled  '  The  History  of  the  London 
Plane,  Platanus  acerijolia,'  by  Augustine 
Henry  and  Margaret  G.  Flood.  The  biblio- 
graphy of  the  subject  is  extensive  (un- 
fortunately not  included  by  Dr.  Henry), 
and  mention  may  be  made  of  a  paper  by 
George  Nicholson  in  '  Woods  and  Forests,' 
vol.  i.  p.  346,  and  an  article  by  Henry 
English  in  The  Daily  News  and  Leader, 
Aug.  13,  1917.  J.  ARDAGH. 

"  LORRIBTJS,"  "  LORRIBTJSES." — The  words 
"  lorribus  "  and  "  lorribuses  "  have  found 
their  way  into  print  this  month  (June), 
probably  for  the  first  time,  and  it  may  be 
useful  to  place  this  on  record.  Journalists 
have  used  these  words  in  connection  with 
the  conversion  of  the  large  War  Depaitment 
motor  lorries  into  passenger-carrying  vehi- 
cles. These  are  now  plying  for  hire  on  the 
London  streets,  to  relieve  the  congested 
condition  of  the  tubes,  trains,  trams,  and 
other  public  conveyances. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

ATTENTION  OF  A  SOUL  TO  THE  CORPSE. — 
Fresh  to  me  is  the  psychological  fancy  that 
as  long  as  a  corpse  remains  unburied  the 
released  soul  pays  it  a  visit  once  in  ^  every 
twenty-four  hours.  This  is  what  I  pick  up 
from  p.  73  of  Mrs.  Romanes's  '  The  Story  of 
an  English  Sister'  :  — 

"  At  one  of  our  luncheon  parties,  Lord  Halifax 
told  us  the  following  story.  Two  ladies  (I  think 
he  knew  them)  had  been  hunting  somewhere  in 
Lincolnshire,  and  after  the  run  they  gave  their 
horses  to  a  groom  and  hired  a  gig.  Presently 
they  got  to  a  bridge  and  saw  a  man  looking  very- 
tired,  so  they  either  offered  him  a  lift  or  he  asked 
for  one.  Presently  they  came  to  an  inn,  and 
without  any  thanks  he  got  off  the  back  seat  and 
made  his  way  into  the  inn,  round  which  a  small 
crowd  had  gathered.  The  landlord  came  out 
to  them,  and  as  he  came  out  the  man  brushed 
close  past  him.  So  they,  a  little  bit  vexed  at 
the  roan's  want  of  manners,  asked  who  the  man 
was.  The  landlord  said  he  had  seen  no  one. 
'  Oh,  yes,'  they  said,  '  you  must  have  seen  him, 
and  they  began  to  describe  the  man.  The  land- 
lord grew  very  puzzled  and  said  :  '  Please  will 
you  come  into  the  house  for  a  minute  ?  So 
they  went  into  the  inn,  and  the  landlord  took 
them  into  a  room  where  on  the  bed  lay  the  man 
whom  they  had  seen— dead.  '  This  is  the  body 
of  a  man  who  was  drowned,'  said  the  landlord. 
'  His  body  has  just  been  found  and  we  are  await- 
ing the  coroner.'  But  the  cream  of  the  story  is 
yet  to  come.  Lord  Halifax  was  driving  across 
a  moor  with  only  a  servant,  so  he  began  talking 
to  him  and  presently  told  him  this  story  :  where- 


206 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  AUG.,  1919. 


upon  the  man  said,  '  Of  course,  you  know  what  this 
was,  my  Lord.  It  was  his  soul  visiting  the  man's 
body.  The  soul  of  a  dead  person  always  visits 
the  body  every  twenty-four  hours  until  burial.'  " 

To  turn  from  the  spiritual  to  the  material  : 
ever  a  gig  a  "  back-seat  "  ? 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

AMERICAN  LINK  WITH  WINCHESTER. — 
While  searching  the  city  archives  of  Win- 
chester I  came  across  this  entry  in  the 
Winchester  Coffer  Book,  which  may  appeal 
to  those  who  collect  historical  and  genea- 
logical data.  :  — 

"  1625,  30th  December.  Taken  from  the 
(city)  cofers  Thirty  shillings,  for  the  apparelling 
of  six  poor  boys  that  went  to  Virginia." 

Unfortunately  rames  are  not  given.  So  far 
r,s  the  expenditure  went,  those  were  cer- 
tainly "  good  old  days,"  as  compared  with 
present  prices  for  clothes,  if  the  boys  got  a 
fair  supply  at  five  shillings  each. 

WM.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 
Records  J3  Bepat.  Camp,  Winchester. 

CURIOUS  PERSONAL  NAMES. — The  follow- 
ing female  telephonists  appear  among  a  list 
of  persons  appointed  by  the  Admiralty,  as 
set  out  in  The  London  Gazette  of  July  4, 
1919  :  Lady-smith  Shamrock  and  Thistle 
Dijon.  W.  C.  J. 

Union  Club. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


HUETT  TOMB,  MILLBROOK.  (See  2  S' 
vi.  246,  294,  331.) — This  tomb  which  appears 
to  have  been  destroyed  and  buried  in  1858 
was  rediscovered  on  April  11,  1919,  and  the 
figures  and  portions  of  the  tomb  placed  in  a 
temporary  position  in  the  church  ;  but  it 
appears  from  the  excellent  description  of 
the  tomb  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  Oct.  9,  1858,  that 
there  are  further  portions  still  to  be  found. 
This  agrees  also  with  PEDESTRIAN'S  account 
of  Sept.  25,  1858,  and  with  local  statements 
that  portions  of  the  tomb  were  buried  in  the 
rectory  garden,  together  with  the  brass  of  a 
priest.  Owing  to  alteration  of  the  chancel 
since  the  tomb  was  destroyed,  it  is  practically 
out  of  the  question  to  put  the  tomb  back  in 
its  original  position  :  but  I  shall  be  glad  to 
hear  from  any  members  of  the  family  as  to 
their  ideas  on  the  subject. 

HARRY  P.  POLLARD. 

The  Rectory,  Millbrook,  Beds. 


SIR  PETER  DENIS. — I  shall  be  obliged  if  j 
any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  can  give  me  in- 1 
formation  regarding  Sir  Peter  Denis  and  j 
his  wife,  beyond  the  following  :  Sir  Peter i 
and  Lady  Denis,  the  commander  of  then 
yacht  which  conveyed  Princess  of  Mecklen- ' 
burgh  Strelitz,  bride  of  George  III.,  tcl 
England. 

I  should  like  to  know  the  date  of  his  birth,, 
marriage,  and  death,  to  whom  he  was 
married,  and  where  I  can  find  the  best 
account  of  him.  He  is  not  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 

JOHN  LANE. 
The  Bodley  Head,  Vigo  Street,  W.I. 

CHEVALIER  PETER  DILLON. — The  Cheva- 
lier Dillon,  who  was  a  member  of  the  Legion, 
of  Honour,  of  the  Asiatic  Society  of  Bengal, 
and  of  the  Geographical  Society  of  Paris, 
and  commander  of  the  H.E.I.C.  ship  Research.' 
published  in  1829  an  account  of  his  search, 
in  the  South  Seas  for  information  about  La. 
Perouse's  voyage  of  1785-88.  What  was 
his  origin  and  when  did  he  die  ?  He  seems ; 
to  have  been  alive  in  1842,  when  his  pam- 
phlet against  the  Methodist  Missionaries  in. 
the  Friendly  Islands  to  which  the  Rev. 
David  Cargill  replied  was  published.  Where- 
can  I  see  the  pamphlet.  It  is  not  in 
British  Museum.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

37  Bedford  Square,  W.C.I. 

COWAP. — Information  desired  as  to  the- 
origin  of  the  surname  Cowap.  Believed  to- 
have  arisen  in  Cumberland  or  Westmorland. 
Is  it  a  variation  of  Cowan,  and  Cowen  ? 

J.  LAND  FEAR  LUCAS. 

MEDIJEVAL  SCIENTIFIC  MSS. — I  am  com- 
piling a  catalogue  of  the  Mediaeval  Scientific- 
MSS.  in  the  British  Isles.  The  work  has 
received  grants  from  both  the  Royal  Society 
and  the  British  Academy — a  combination  of 
help  which  happily  illustrates  that  co- 
operation and  mutual  recognition  between 
science  and  the  humanities  that  votaries  of 
the  history  of  science  feel  confident  will  be 
fostered  by  this  growing  study. 

The  catalogue  now  comprises  over  40,000 
entries,  and  I  am  anxious  to  make  it  as 
complete  as  possible.  Early  scientific 
material  has  been  found  embedded  in  the 
most  unlikely  places — even  in  missals  and 
psalters — and  I  shall  therefore  be  grateful 
for  information  as  to  any  MSS.  dating  from 
before  the  sixteenth  century,  other  than 
those  of  our  great  national  collections  which 
have,  of  course,  already  been  examined  for* 
the  purpose. 

DOROTHEA  WALEY  SINGER. 

Westbury  Lodge,  Norham  Road,  Oxford. 


12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


207 


DUFFUS  FAMILY  OF  KINGSTON,  JAMAICA. 
—What  were  the  Arms  and  Crest  of  the 
i-bove  family,  one  of  whom  Laura  Duffus 
narried  about  1836  Konstantin  Alois  Ducki 
'rince  de  Lubecki  of  Poland,  and  her  sister 
Charlotte  Price  Duffus  married  about  the 
ame  time  Lucien  Stanilas,  Count  Plater  de 
Srollis  of  Poland.  Were  they  related  to 
Sutherland,  Lord  Duffus  ?  Any  informa- 
ion  will  be  gratefully  received. 

LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

F.  LE  HARDY  OF  LONDON,  MINIATURE 
JAINTER. — I  should  be  grateful  if  any  one 
ould  tell  me  who  was  his  father  and  to  what 
Branch  of  the  Le  Hardy  family  he  belonged. 
.  Bertrand  Payne  in  his  '  Armorial  of 
ersey  '  gives  a  pedigree  of  the  family,  but 

am  unable  to  place  him  from  that.  He 
xhibitecl  four  miniatures  at  the  Society  of 
irtists  and  twenty -one  at  the  Royal  Aca- 
emy  between  1790  and  1802. 

LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 
Essex  Lodge,  Ewell. 

SHAKESPEARE  SIGNATURES. — At  10  S. 
.  332  (1904)  Miss  L.  TOULMIN  SMITH  said 
hat  photographs  were  taken  of  the  Shake- 
peare  signatures  in  his  (so-called)  Prayer 
Jook,  copies  of  which  were  sent  to  the 
tratford  Museum.  These  are  not  now  to 
e  found  there.  Can  any  of  your  readers 
9!!  me  where  I  can  procure  a  facsimile  of 
hese  signatures  ?  Perhaps  Miss  TOULMIN 
MITH  is  still  alive  and  would  help  me  in  this 
latter.  Also  where  is  the  Prayer  Book 
ow  ?  C.  R.  HAINES. 

Meadowleigh,  Petersfield. 

MIND,  MEMORY,  &c. — I  notice  that,  in 
robate  cases  where  the  sanity  of  a  testator 
?  in  dispute,  the  defendant  pleads  that  the 
sstator  wTas  not  of  sound  "  mind,  memory, 
nd  understanding."  Must  these  three 
acuities  combine,  each  in  a  sound  state,  to 
roduce  a  legally  sane  person  ? 

I  notice,  too,  that  journalists  often  use 
lie  expression  "  defective  intellect,"  and, 
ometimes,  "  defective  intelligence."  Do 
liese  expressions  mean  the  same  thing  as 

not  of  sound  mind,  memory,  and  under - 
;  anding  "  ?  BARRULE. 

Woodbourne  Place,  Douglas,  Isle  of  Man. 

DIVORCE  CASES  :  LIST  WANTED. — Can 
ny  correspondent  supply  me  with  a  list  of 
ivorce  cases  which  were  tried  between  1755 
nd  1765,  including  the  names  of  the  co- 
sspondents  ?  Please  reply  direct. 

WM.  JACKSON  PIGOTT. 
Manor  House,  Dundrum,  co.  Down. 


CHARLES  RUSSELL,  OR  RUSSEL,  WIN- 
CHESTER SCHOLAR  (Kirby,  p.  254).  was  a 
grandson  of  William  Russell  of  Wimborne, 
and  a  son  of  the  Rev.  William  Russell,  M.A., 
of  Hart  Hall,  Oxford,  and  of  Wimborne 
Minster,  Rector  of  Hinton  Parva  (who  died 
April  10,  1748,  aged  49),  and  Mary  his  wife. 
His  elder  brother  William  died  Jan.  4,  1770, 
aged  35.  Charles  Russell,  who  was  bap- 
tized Dec.  12,  1741,  entered  Winchester 
College  from  Wimborne  in  1757,  and  sub- 
sequently became  Fellow  of  New  College, 
Oxford,  taking  his  B.A.  degree  in  January, 
1761.  He  is  said  to  have  been  for  sixty- 
five  years  Rector  of  Lydeard  St.  Lawrence, 
Thurlbeare,  and  Thurloxton,  Somersetshire, 
when  he  died  at  his  house  in  Bath,  Jan.  10, 
1833. 

Was  he  related  in  any  way  to  any  branch 
of  the  family  of  Russell  of  Beaminster  and 
Powerstock,  of  which  Thomas  Russell,  the 
poet,  Winchester  Scholar  of  1777  (Kirby, 
p.  270),  was  a  member  ?  (As  to  Thomas 
Russell  see  '  D.N.B.'). 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

"  BAMBINO." — My  family  have  in  their 
possession  one  of  the  replicas  of  the  famous 
Roman  "  Bambino,"  which  were  given  at 
one  time  vo  favoured  Roman  Catholic 
families  after  being  blessed  by  the  Pope. 
This  one  was  brought  to  England  by  a 
French  refugee  of  good  family,  at  the  time 
of  the  first  French  Revolution,  and  given 
by  him  to  my  great-grandfather,  as  the 
greatest  treasure  he  possessed.  It  has  been 
stated  that  a  few  years  ago  a  paper  ap- 
peared in  one  of  the  magazines  dealing  with 
the  subject  of  these  wax  figures,  but  we 
cannot  trace  the  date  of  its  appearance. 

If  any  of  your  readers  could  give  in- 
formation on  the  subject,  and  state  whether 
there  are  likely  to  be  any  similar  figures 
preserved  as  relics,  we  should  be  very 
grateful.  (Miss)  BERTHA  F.  H.  PAUL. 

Plynlimmon,  Malvern. 

JOHN  WILLIAMS,  c.  1671. — Can  any  reader 
supply  brief  particulars  about  this  Roman 
Catholic,  who  wrote  '  Stillingfleet  against 
Dr.  Stillingfleet,'  1671,  8vo  ? 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

REV.  THOMAS  HUGO. — I  have  a  volume 
of  The  Hive,  1812,  with  cuts  by  Bewick,  &c., 
and  purporting  to  be  part  of  the  collection 
formed  by  the  said  Mr.  Hugo.  Gleaned 
particulars  concerning  this  collector  of 
Bewickiana  will  be  esteemed. 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 


208 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  AUG.,  im 


CHURCH  OF  EVGLAND  MARRIAGE  SERVICE. 
— In  Scott's  Fortunes  of  Nigel '  he  puts 
into  the  mouth  of  the  villain,  Lord  Dalgarno, 
a  satirical  allusion  to  "  that  happy  portion 
of  the  Prayer  Book  which  begins  with 
'  dearly  beloved '  and  ends  with  '  amaze- 
ment '  "  (chap,  xxxii.).  Is  this  Scott's  own, 
or  is  it  a  current  bit  of  satire  ?  I  notice  that 
Hardy  uses  it  in  his  '  Desperate  Remedies  '  : 
"  Yes,  matrimony  do  begin  '  dearly  beloved  ' 
and  ends  wi'  '  amazement,'  as  the  Prayer 
Book  says  "  (chap.  viii.  3). 

JOHN  WILLCOCK. 

Lerwick. 

FIELD -NAMES. — I  should  be  very  glad  if 
any  of  your  readers  could  give  me  informa- 
tion as  to  the  meanings  of  certain  terms 
which  I  have  come  across  in  field-names, 
taken  chiefly  from  Hampshire  tithe  awards. 
I  have  not  been  able  to  trace  them  in  the 
vavious  dictionaries  and  glossaries  at  my 
disposal  :  — 

Adhouse,  Anmery,  Bilcroft,  Bilgrove,  Bittum 
(-Malm),  Bodylains,  Boldrick,  Briff  (-Bottom), 
Buncas,  Burging  (adj.),  Burselot,  Busnut,  Buxey 
(-Wood),  Cad  (subst.),  Caingar  (?  Coneygar), 
Capery,  Carl  (Picked-),  Carronback,  Catter 
(-Down),  Catthaw  (-Lands),  Cernamon,  Chancum, 
Charl,  Chattern,  Chaubush,  Chimple  (-Bridge), 
Chin  (-Acre),  Churn  (-Hill),  Clan  (-Burrow), 
Clibs  (?  surname),  Cockharris  (-Copse),  Colly 
(-Grove),  Comp,  Compt,  Quomp-Cossett  (-Field), 
Cossical  (also  in  Berks,  and  Corsicle  in  Oxon), 
Couthy  (adj.),  Crawle  (subst.),  Crawte  (-Pasture), 
Cray  (-Down),  Creuse  (-Pins),  Cricklett,  Griddle- 
style,  Croutears,  Crumsell,  Cump  (  Copse),  Dalen 
(-Copse),  Dally  (-Down),  Dawser  (-Field),  Dellence, 
Derrit  (-Lane),  Derry  (-Down),  Dewling  (-Acres), 
Diddygate,  Dimmick  (-Meadow),  Din  (Great-, 
-Acre),  Dines,  Dolpits,  Domlands,  Dongreen 
(-Croft),  Drawland,  Drawlegs,  Duads  (The-), 
Dndlands,  Dukem  (-Down),  Durditch,  Durless 
(-Ground),  Ethy  (-Copse),  Evence  (-Field),  Fain 
(-Field),  Fishstile,  Flasket  (-Meadow),  Flits 
(snbst.),  Freazen  (sabst.),  Freeze  (-Copse),  Fulin 
(-Barn),  Gallego,  Gaslet,  Gattage,  Gollard,  Goss- 
flesh  (-Hill),  Gotty  (-Field),  Graffle,  Grew  (-Lands), 
Gr'ittan,  Grundlet,  Gudge  (-Close),  Gurnel  (-Field), 
Hackrett  (Little-),  Hackthorn,  Hamble  (-Land) 
Harmersnapper,  Harmage  (-Field),  Harrage, 
fpaddock),  Harry  (adj.),  Hatback  (subst.), 
Hemsome,  Hobern  (-Copse),  Hofflet,  Holless, 
Hornet  (-Warren),  Horegood  (-Field),  Hornix 
(-Wood),  Horob,  Horsemily,  Hough  (Lower-, 
-Croft),  Hovena  (-Copse),  Howage,  Howen, 
TTnrkle  (-Copse),  Hummet  (-Wood),  Huss  (subst.), 
Hussell  (subst.),  Hyeth  (-Pightle),  Hypress 
(TCopse),  Is  (-Field),  Jobstile,  Kent  (-Field), 
Kidnam,  Kimbley  (The-),  Kirval  (-Lane),  Lady 
(-Field,  -Furlong,  &c.),  Lamel  (-Mead),  Lammer 
(-Pio-htle),  Lampacre,  Larkett  (Great-),  Leadhearn, 
Lidstile,  Lillage,  Limmer  (-Field),  Limner 
(-Meadow),  Lincegrove,  Lolly  (-Field),  Lungick, 
Mail  (-Lands),  Manglemees,  Mmn  (-Croft), 
Mitchemar  (-Mead),  Moulshay,  Murlands,  Nancole 
(-Copse),  Nea  (-Wood,  -Farm),  Nutbane  (-Copse), 
Ogber  (-Gate),  Ollix,  Pavis  (-Piece),  Peart  (The-), 


Phlexes  (The-),  Pickastow  (-Bushes),  Pickhatch* 
Pillinch  (-Field),  Pilver  (-Lands),  Pinhorne,  Piplar, 
Ponfleld,  Powner  (-Ground),  Pratlands  (-Copse), 
Prickworms,  Priss  (-Field),  Prowshards,  Punt 
(-Field),  Pussex,  Quarterlands,  Quidliz  (-Round), 
Bason  (-Field),  Ratsom  (-Five  Acres),  Redrice 
(-Farm),  Rockage,  Rockbowen  (-Paddock), 
Rodgett  (-Field),  Roy  (-Holt),  Rubit  (-Field), 
Saddlesome  (-Copse),  Samber  (-Hill),  Saris 
(-Field),  Scilly,  Scull  (subst.),  Search  (Copse-, 
Roundabout-),  Seas  (subst.),  Shagrat,  Sheet 
(subst.  and  adj.),  Shirf  (-Down),  Siress  (-Field), 
Smear  Pits,  Smelland,  Snailsome  (subst.),  Span 
(-Yard,  &c.),  Spence  (-Field),  Spleck  (-Field), 
Sporelake,  Spradbray,  Stanter  (-Mead),  Staplish 
(-Meadow),  Steterage  (-Mead),  Sticelet,  Stingard, 
Stockram,  Stretchins,  Strodge  (-Moor),  Stry 
(-Piece),  Swarmity,  Swankey  (subst.),  Tapnage, 
Tattle  (-Copse),  Themes,  Thomess  (subst.), 
Throup,  Tidpit,  Tolt  (-Copse,  &c.),  Trunnel, 
Tuckle  (-Close),  Turl  (-Hill),  Undy's  (-Field,  &c.), 
Updy's  (-Hill),  Vallard  (-Gate),  Velmead  (-Farm), 
Vidle,  Van,  Vilands,  Vocas  (-Copse),  Vurlin, 
Wackland,  Wait  (Denny-),  Waitings,  Wake 
(-Land),  Warr  (Great-),  Warrage  (-Gully),  War- 
wicker,  Watership  (-Down),  Wecock,  Wedlands, 
Werrar  (-Farm,  -Wood),  What  (-Verelands), 
Wheer  (The  Great-),  Whippage,  Wiggle  (-Pits), 
Wilsom  (The  -Field),  Wivelrod,  Wore  (The 
-Ground),  Worldage,  Yerrage,  Zeals. 

I  have  added  the  attributes  in  case  they 
may  be  of  assistance.     Where  no  attribute 
is  added,  none  occurs  in  the  tithe  awards. 
G.  B.  GRUNDY. 

Corpus  Christi  College,  Oxford. 

HORE,  ARTIST,  BATH:  ROBERTSON.— 
Are  any  lists  of  pictures  painted  by  him 
extant  and  did  he  ever  exhibit  in  the 
Academy  ?  Who  was  Robertson,  miniaturist, 
of  Dublin?  (Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 

LOWNDES. — I  should  be  glad  to  obtain 
information  about  the  following  persons  of 
this  name,  who  were  educated  at  West- 
minster School : — 

(1)  Layton     Lowndes,      admitted     1726, 
aged  12. 

(2)  Richard,  son  of   William   Lowndes    of 
Westminster,    admitted   on   the  foundation 
1734,  aged  14.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

MARSHALL. — Information  is  desired  con- 
cerning any  or  all  of  these  Marshalls  who 
were  at  Westminster  School  :  — 

(1)  John    Marshall,     admitted     in     1730, 
aged  11. 

(2)  John  Marshall,  admitted  Feb.  7,  1814, 
and  left  July  5,  1816. 

(3)  Thomas  Marshall  stated  to  have  been 
at  the  School  in  1728. 

(4)  Thornton    Marshall,    born    March    6, 
1822,  and  admitted  in  1835, 

(5)  William  Marshall  stated  to  have  been 
at  the  School  in  1728.  G.  F.  R.  B. 


12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


209 


BREWING  RIMES. — The  following  local 
imes  are  interesting  as  purporting  to  give 
he  names  of  the  various  grades  of  beer 
Brewed  in  cottage  homes  early  in  the  nine- 
eenth  century.  Whether  these  are  genuine 
lames  or  merely  used  as  jingle  I  am  not 
prepared  to  say,  but  in  either  case  they  seem 
vrorthy  of  record.  Were  similar  rimes 
Current  in  other  countries  among  the  good 
oik  ?  Also,  where  would  "  Government 
>eer  "  come  ?  Possibly  below  "  worse  than 
hat." 

Rimes  giving  the  names  and  order  of  the 
lifferent  brewings  of  ale  in  the  old  Cotswold 
armhouses  : — 

Ilmington,  co.  Warwick. — Blackstrap  |  Ruffle- 
ne-Cap  |  Fine  and  Clear  |  Servants'  Beer.  (Black- 
trap  was  very  strong,  and  so  on  in  order.) — An 
>ld  Ilmington  man  in  the  College  Arms,  Quinton, 
)ct.  4,  1912. 

Pillerton,  co.  Warwick,  circa  1830. — Twenty 
gallons  of  strong  ale  |  Twenty  gallons  of  table 
*eer  |  Twenty  gallons  of  small  beer  |  Twenty 
gallons  of  Tit-me-Tat  |  Twenty  gallons  worse  than 
hat. — John  Mallett,  miller,  of  Talton  Mill,  co. 
Worcester,  Oct.  5,  1912. 

Whitchurch,  Warwick,  circa  1850. — Forty 
gallons  of  table  beer  |  Forty  gallons  of  table 
>eer  |  Forty  gallons  of  Rat-me-tat  |  And  Forty 
gallons  worse  than  that. — Tho.  Morris  of  Wimp- 
iton,  Oct.  7,  1912. 

Alderminster. — Forty  gallons  of  Clink-me- 
;lear  |  Forty  gallons  of  table  beer  |  Forty  gallons 
)f  Rat-me-tat  |  Forty  gallons  worse  than  that. 
31d  James  Pearson  of  Alderminster  said  he 
3  re  wed  this  from  two  bushels  of  malt,  mixed  them 
ill  up,  and  had  good  beer  at  Christmas. — John 
\tayo  of  Wimpston,  aged  70,  Nov.  4,  1912. 

Alderminster,     co.   Worcester. — Double    ale  I 
Single    ale  |  Very  good    ale  |  Twine-in-the-belly  | 
rwice-as-many  |  Tip-tap  |  Worse-than-that  |  Pin. 
Brewed   out   of    one    quarter   of   malt.     An    old 
voman  named  Keyts  once  gave  a  man  "  Tip-tap  " 
:o    drink,    and    upon    his    laughing    she,    much 
)ffended,  asked  him  why  he  did  so.     To  which  he 
•eplied,  he  was  a-wondering  how  she  could  brew 
wo  lots  worse  than  that. 

J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

GEORGE  STREET,  PORTMAN  SQUARE,  LON- 
DON.— Can  any  one  tell  me  where  I  can  see 
:he  rate  and  parish  books  in  which  this 
street  would  be  assessed  for  years  1780-1816  ? 
"n  what  parish  is  this  street  ?  Is  it  in  the 
;ame  parish  now  as  in  1816  ? 

HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

WILLIAM  ANDERSON,  1757-1837.— There 
lias  lately  been  discovered  a  portrait  of 
Robert  Burns,  and  on  the  back  of  this 
eighteenth  century  canvas  there  is  the  name 
William  Anderson,  1757-1837. 

Could  any  of  your  correspondents  inform 
me  where  this  artist  died  ? 

W.  M.  GRAY. 

Thornliebank,  Renfrewshire. 


ST.  JOHN  BAPTIST  HEADS. — On  the  more 
elaborate  examples  of  St.  John^  Baptist 
heads,  executed  in  alabaster  at  Nottingham, 
c.  1430-1530,  in  addition  to  figures  of  St. 
Peter  and  St.  Thomas  of  Canterbury,  we 
find  behind  them  two  other  saints.  The 
following  occur  in  pairs,  viz.,  St.  James 
Major  and  St.  Anthony  ;  St.  James  Major 
and  St.  Christopher  ;  also  St.  Catherine  and 
St.  Dorothy  ;  St.  Catherine  and  St.  Margaret  ; 
and  St.  Dorothy  and  St.  Mary  Magdalene. 
I  should  be  glad  if  any  reader  could  suggest 
what  association  exists  between  these  pairs 
of  saints,  and  alao  what  is  their  association 
with  the  head  of  St.  John  Baptist  resting 
upon  the  charger  between  them.  In  the 
foreground  is  the  half  figure  of  Christ 
emerging  from  the  tomb,  whilst  above  the 
charger  are  two  angels  supporting  the  soul 
of  the  Baptist.  PHILIP  NELSON,  M.D. 

YEARDYE  FAMILY  OF  HUNTINGDON. — la 
any  information  available  as  to  the  history  of 
the  Yeardye  family  of  Huntingdon,  and  as  to 
the  etymology  of  the  name  ?  I  find  Saxon 
eorde,  the  earth,  and  modern  geordie,  the 
subterranean  miner,  also  as  a  proper  name 
Yardley  and  Yeardley.  Is  there  any 
connexion  ?  JOHN  YEARDYE. 

12  Coleridge  Walk,  Hampstead,  N.W.4. 

METAL  MORTARS. — Would  any  reader  of 
'  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  help  me  to  fix  the  date  of 
three  metal  mortars  in  my  possession  ? 

One  has  embossed  on  the  outside  the 
crown  Tudor  rose,  another  the  fleur-de-lis, 
and  the  third  has  a  crown  over  a  fleur-de-lis. 

Several  other  articles  I  possess  have  a 
tulip  on  some  part.  Does  this  tulip  point 
to  any  particular  period  ? 

J.    W.    SWITHINBANK. 
Sheffield. 

"  APOCHROMATIC." — Can  any  reader  tell 
me  what  is  the  right  pronunciation  of  this 
word  ?  Is  the  o  long  or  short  ?  The 
'  N.E.D.'  and  Webster's  do  not  give  the 
word  at  all ;  Lloyd's  has  a  long  o,  which 
seems  strange. 

JOHN  ANDERSON  SMITH,  M.D. 

158,  Willesden  Lane,  Brondesbury,  N.W.6. 

BERNARD  DE  MANDEVILLE. — I  would  much 
appreciate  any  information  as  to  the  exist- 
ence of  the  following  editions  of  books 
connected  with  Bernard  de  Mandeville,  and 
as  to  where  they  may  be  viewed  :  — 

The  1734  edition  of  'The  Fable  of  the 
Bees.' 

The  1760  edition  of  the  French  translation 
of  the  fable  '  La  Fable  des  Abeilles.' 


210 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


(.12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919. 


The  German  translation  of  the  fable, 
'  Bernhard  von  Mandeville's  Fabel  von,  den 
Bienen.' 

'  The  Planter's  Charity  '  :  a  poem  [1704  ?]. 

I  am  also  in  search  of  portraits  of,  and 
letters  or  manuscripts  by  Bernard  cle 
Mancleville  outside  the  British  Museum  and 
the  Bodleian  Library.  F.  B.  KAYE. 

North  Western  University. 

SCUM  OF  DEMOCRACY. — Who  is  the  author 
of  the  saying,  "In  a  democracy  it  is  the 
scum  that  comes  to  the  top  ?  "  Voltaire 
said,  "  Pure  democracy  is  the  rule  of 
rascaldom,"  but  the  metaphor  in  the 
English  proverb  suggests  that  it  is  not  a 
translation  of  the  saying  of  the  sage  of 
Ferney.  T.  PERCY  ARMSTRONG. 

SEVEN  KINGS. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
tell  me  the  origin  of  the  name  Seven  Kings, 
borne  by  a  station  on  the  G.E.  Railway,  and 
also  by  a  hotel  on  the  neighbouring  road 
from  London  to  Romford.  R.  M. 

CHARLES  COOKE,  BOOKSELLER. — I  shall 
be  glad  to  have  references  to  his  life  and 
career  generally,  his  ancestry,  and  so  forth. 
He  carried  on  business  at  17  Paternoster 
Row,  and  published  a  large  number  of 
books,  of  which  a  list  would  be  useful.  He 
died  at  the  house  from  which  I  write  in  1816 
and  was  buried  in  the  churchyard  at 
Walthamstow  under  an  altar  tomb  with  a 
long  epitaph.  There  is  a  short  obituary 
notice  of  him  in  The  Gentleman's  Magazine, 
1816.  Please  reply  direct. 

F.  SYDNEY  EDEN.    , 

Belle  Vue  House,  Cooke's  Folly,  Walthamstow. 

TOBACCO  PIPES. — Years  ago  in  Hexham, 
Northumberland,  were  to  be  seen  exposed 
for  sale  in  Giles-gate,  clay  tobacco  pipes 
with  three  bowls  and  three  stems  :  the  three 
stems  were  brought  into  a  common  mouth- 
piece looped  and  interlaced  with  stems. 
An  old  townsman  told  me  that  they  were 
used  by  pitmen  on  Trinity  Sunday,  and  that 
there  was  religious  significance.  Beyond 
this  he  knew  nothing — they  have  not  been 
seen  for  years.  An  inquiry  in  the  columns 
of  a  local  paper  was  without  result,  and  the 
writer  has  made  many  personal  inquiries 
round  Newcastle  and  Durham,  Carlisle  and 
Scotland  towards  the  south  ;  among  friends 
a->  well. 

V  Giles-gate  is  the  Catholic  part  of  Hexham 
even  now  and  is  or  was  the  wealthy  part 
once. 

These  pipes  and  the  custom  mav  have 
been  of  local  origin  or  imported  from  France 


or  Holland.  Can  any  correspondent  say  ? 
Usually  the  pipes  were  of  white  clay  with 
a  brown  glaze  and  bowls  and  stems  rather 
smaller  than  ordinary  pipes.  Their  value 
and  price  were  small.  HENRY  T.  DAVIS. 

POPULAR  FALLACIES. — The  number  and 
character  of  my  questions  which  the  editor 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  kindly  inserted  in  11  S.  xii., 
12  S.  i.,  ii.,  iii.,  and  the  current  volume,  most 
of  which  have  been  answered  by  many 
correspondents,  to  whom  I  am  greatly 
indebted  and  hereby  wish  to  thank,  have 
probably  led  some  readers  to  think  that  a 
third  edition  of  *  Popular  Fallacies  '  is  in 
preparation.  This  is  so,  for  the  second  (or 
"  enlarged  ")  edition  was  published  by 
Cassell's  in  1909  and  contained  about  460 
fallacies.  The  third  edition  will,  it  is  hoped, 
deal  with  1,200  (including  the  460).  The 
MS.  is  nearly  completed  and  I  should  be 
much  indebted  to  any  readers  who  have  the 
1909  edition  who  will  be  good  enough  to 
point  out  any  mistakes  in  it  of  any  kind, 
however  serious  or  insignificant,  so  that  the 
next  edition  may  be  as  free  from  errors  as 
possible,  though  I  fear  with  so  much  new 
matter  (which  cannot  be  checked  in  this 
way),  additional  slips  will  inevitably  be 
made. 

Kindly  send  such  matter  (unless  of  general 
interest)  direct  to  me  at  25  Victoria  Street, 
Westminster,  S.W.I. 

ALFRED  S.  E.  ACKERMANN. 

AMBASSADOR. — Was  Dr.  Samuel  Johnson 
the  first  to  define  an  ambassador  as  "an 
honest  man  sent  to  lie  abroad  for  the  good 
of  his  country  "  ?  Mr.  R.  B.  Marston,  writ- 
ing in  The  Daily  Mail  of  June  24,  1916,  said 
Izaak  Walton  was  the  author,  but  apparently 
did  not  give  the  reference. 

ALFRED  S.  E.  ACKERMANN. 

BATS  :  HAIR. — I  have  heard  it  said  that 
bats  have  a  particular  tendency  to  get  into  a 
person's  hair.  Is  this  true,  and  if  not,  what 
has  given  rise  to  the  idea  ? 

ALFRED  S.  E.  ACKERMANN. 

BIRDS  POISONING  CAPTIVES. — It  was 
stated,  in  The  Daily  Mail  of  Jan.  8,  1914, 
that  wild  birds  sometimes  give  poison  to 
captive  birds.  Is  there  any  truth  in  this  ? 
If  not,  how  has  the  error  arisen  ? 

ALFRED  S.  E.  ACKERMANN. 

(.'  N.  &  Q.'  cannot  insert  half  the  queries  which 
MR.  AOKERMAN  wishes  answered,  but  we  will 
forward  those  not  inserted  to  anyone  who  will 
promise  to  return  them,  and  send  us  a  stamped 
addressed  envelope.! 


12  S.  V.  Auu.,  1919/ 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


211 


'  ALBANIA.'— In  a  letter  to  Joanna  Baillie 
bout  her  new  tragedies  Scott  wrote  inter 
lia  :  — 

"  Were  it  possible  for  me  to  hasten  the  treat 
expect  in  such  a  composition  with  you,  I  would 
remise  to  read  the  volume  at  the  silence  of 
3onday  upon  the  top  of  Minchmoor . ...  It  is  in 
ich  a  scene  that  the  unknown  and  gifted  author 
c  '  Albania  '  places  the  superstition  which  con- 
sts  in  hearing  the  noise  of  a  chase ....  I  have 
'ten  repeated  his  verses  with  some  sensations  of 
we  in  this  place." 

Dr.  John  Brown  (of  '  Rab  and  his  Friends  ' 
ime),  who  quotes  this  passage  in  his  paper 
n  Minchmoor,  adds  :  — 

"  The  lines — and  they  are  noble,  and  must 
ive  sounded  wonderful  with  his  voice  and  look — 
>e  as  follows.  Can  no  one  tell  us  anything  more 
:  their  author  ? — 

here  oft  is  heard,  at  midnight,  or  at  noon, 
eginning  faint,  but  rising  still  more  loud, 
nd  nearer,  voice  of  hunters,  and  of  hounds  ; 
nd  horns,  hoarse-winded,  blowing  far  and  keen  ! 
orthwith  the  hubbub  multiplies  ;    the  gale 
abours  with  wilder  shrieks,  and  rifer  din 
f  hot  pursuit ;    the  broken  cry  of  deer 
.angled  by  throttling  dogs  ;    the  shouts  of  men, 
nd  hoofs  thick  beating  on  the  hollow  bill, 
idden  the  grazing  heifer  in  the  vale 
barts  at  the  noise,  and  both  the  herdsman's  ears 
ingle  with  inward  dread — aghast  he  eyes 
he  mountain's  height,  and  all  the  ridges  round, 
et  not  one  trace  of  living  wight  discerns, 
or  knows,  o'erawed  and  trembling  as  he  stands, 
o  what  or  whom  he  owes  his  idle  fear — 
o  ghost,  to  witch,  to  fairy,  or  to  fiend  ; 
ut  wonders,  and  no  end  of  wondering  finds." 
beg  leave  to  repeat  Dr.  Brown's  query  in 
lese  columns.  J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

PHILIP  SCOT.— Is  anything  known  of  the 
ithor  of  "  A  Treatise  of  the  Schism  of 
ngland,  Wherein  particularly  Mr.  Hales 
id  Mr.  Hobbs  are  modesty  accosted:  by 
tiilip  Scot :  Permissa  Superiorum  :  Amster- 
im  :  Printed  Anno  Dom.  1650  "  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

'THE  VILLAGE  BLACKSMITH.'— I  should 
ce  to  know  where  the  original  "  village 
acksmith  "  shop  is  situated.  Several  vil- 
ges  claim  the  original,  and  to  settle  a 
spute  information  concerning  the  above 
3uld  be  helpful.  E.  A.  GARLICK. 

AUTHORS  OP  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 
Can     any    reader    tell    me  the  author    of    the 
lowing  lines,  also  when  and  where  they  first 
peared  in  print  ? — 

NEVER  AGAIN. 
I  will  laugh  Avith  you,  I  will  jest  with  you, 

I  will  dance  with  you  down  the  year  ; 
But  trudge  a  day  on  a  weary  way  ? 
Never  again,  my  dear  ! 

MOLLY  H.  SNELL. 


INDENTURES. 

(12  S.  v.   148.) 

IT  is  not  at  all  probable  that  our  current 
indentures  are  survivals  of  the  practice  of 
parting  a  sacrificed  animal's  carcase  between 
those  concerned  in  a  contract. 

In  Smith's  '  Compendium  of  the  Law  of 
Real  and  Personal  Property  '  it  is  stated  as 
follows  :  — 

"  Formerly  when  deeds  were  more  concise  than 
they  are  at  present  if  they  were  made  between 
two  or  more  parties,  it  was  usual  to  write  both 
parts  of  which  they  were  composed  on  the  same 
skin  of  parchment  with  some  words  or  letters  of 
the  alphabet  between  them,  through  which  the 
parchment  was  cut  in  acute  angles,  instar  dentiwn 
(from  which  they  acquired  the  name  of  indentures 
or  deeds  indented),  in  such  a  manner  as  to  leave 
half  the  words  or  letters  on  one  part,  and  half  on 
the  other  [for  this  4  Cruise,  T.  32,  C.  1,  sect.  20, 
is  cited].  In  its  origin  indenting  was  in  all 
probability  a  mode  of  identification,  by  a  com- 
parison of  the  parts  at  the  point  of  indenting, 
and  thus  a  guard  against  forgery  or  fraudulent 
substitution  [for  this  1  Pres.  Shep.  T.  50  is  cited]." 

It  is  not  unlikely  that  the  idea  was  taken 
from  the  tally,  which,  as  is  well  known,  we-s 
a  stick  upon  which  notches  were  cut,  which 
was  then  split  longitudinally  so  as  to  leave 
part  of  the  notches  on  each  half  of  the  stick. 
The  French  bakers  still  keep  in  this  way 
their  customers'  accounts  for  bread  supplied. 
I  have  often  seen  the  baker's  halves  of  these 
tallies  hanging  up  in  his  shop  in  a  bundle, 
and  have  also  seen  children  coming  back 
from  the  shop  carrying  both  the  bread  they 
had  been  sent  to  purchase  and  their  parent's 
half  of  the  tally,  the  latter  of  which  had  been 
taken  to  the  shop  to  have  the  purchase 
recorded  thereon.  It  is  obvious  that  this  is 
a  complete  protection  against  fraud.  The 
two  pieces  of  stick,  produced  as  the  two 
halves  of  the  tally,  must  exactly  fit  together 
if  they  are  genuine,  while  it  is  impossible  for 
either  party  to  attempt  to  alter  the  account 
without  the  half  of  the  tally  held  by  the 
other  party,  showing  it  at  once. 

The  necessity  for  some  check  on  the 
fraudulent  alteration  of  the  records  of 
contracts  was  felt  as  early  as  the  days  of  the 
clay  tablets  of  ancient  Babylon.  There  a 
very  ingenious  method  was  adopted.  It  is 
described  in  '  The  Evolution  of  the  Aryan,' 
by  von  Ihering,  translated  by  A.  Drucker 
(London,  Swan,  Sonneschein  &  Co.,  1897), 
p.  207  :  — 

"  The  arrangement  consisted  in  the  manufac- 
ture of  two  identically  similar  clay  tablets,  which, 


212 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


(12  8.  V.  Arc;  ,  191 9-. 


before  being  baked,  were  joined  together,  one 
on  the  top  of  the  other,  by  a  frame.  The  top  one 
was  open  to  view,  the  lower  one  closed  up  ;  the 
former  served  all  ordinary  purposes,  only  when 
a  dispute  arose  as  to  its  authenticity  the  frame 
joining  the  two  was  broken  open  before  the  Court 
and  the  duplicate  compared  with  it.  If  the 
proprietor  of  the  double  tablet,  in  order  to  falsify 
the  duplicate  also,  had  broken  away  the  frame, 
he  himself  would  thereby  have  destroyed  the 
value  of  the  record  as  evidence." 

The  same  writer  also  points  out  that  we 
meet  with  an  arrangement  similar  in  principle 
at  Rome,  which,  first  coming  into  use  with 
respect  to  wills,  afterwards,  by  order  of  the 
Senate,  became  the  exclusive  form  of  all 
records  which  had  claim  to  evidential  value. 
There  was  a  twofold  record — an  outer  and 
an  inner — and  the  latter  was  closed  up,  and 
the  whole  fastened  by  thread,  and  sealed 
by  the  witnesses  on  the  thread,  and  he  cites 
Paul.  S.R.V.  xxv.  6  :  — 

"  Amplissimus  ordo  decrevit,  eas  tabulas, 
quse  publici  vel  privati  contractus  scripturam 
continent,  adhibitis  testibus  ita  signari,  ut  in 
summa  marginis  ad  mediam  partem  perforate 
triplici  lino  constringantur  atque  impositee  supra 
linum  cerse  signa  imprimantur,  ut  exteriori 
scripturse  fidern  interior  servet." 

Having  referred  to  tallies,  I  may  mention 
a  survival  of  them  in  this  locality.  Clitheroe 
Castle  is  the  residence  and  the  office  of  the 
Steward  of  the  Honour  of  Clitheroe.  The 
various  local  pounds  or  pinfolds  in  the 
district  having  fallen  into  disuse  and  mostly 
disappeared,  on  the  somewhat  rare  occasions 
when  straying  animals  are  required  to  be 
impounded  they  are  taken  to  Clitheroe  Castle 
and  impounded  in  the  Castle  grounds.  The 
person  who  impounds  them  receives  from 
the  Steward's  office  the  half  of  a  piece  of 
stick  split  lengthwise,  upon  which  several 
notches  had  previously  been  cut,  and  the 
other  half  is  retained  in  the  Steward's  office. 
Whoever  comes  to  take  the  animals  out  of 
pound  has  to  bring  with  him,  as  his  warrant 
for  so  doing,  the  half  of  the  piece  of  stick 
that  was  delivered  to  the  impounder,  and  if 
any  question  arose  as  to  the  genuineness  of 
the  piece  of  stick  produced  it  would  be  soon 
settled  by  seeing  if  it  corresponded  with  the 
half  that  remained  in  the  Steward's  office. 

This  practice  appears  to  have  been  once 
general  in  the  district.  The  late  Mr.  Robert 
Parkinson  of  Mitton,  who  died  a  few  years 
ago  over  80  years  of  age,  told  me  that  when 
he  was  a  boy  at  Bolton-by-Bowland  the 
pinder,  when  cattle  were  impounded,  used 
to  cut  a  piece  of  stick  from  the  hedge,  make 
several  notches  on  it,  then  split  it  lengthwise, 
and  give  half  of  it  to  the  impounder,  retaining 
the  other  half  himself. 


In  Speight's  'The  Craven  and  North-West 
Yorkshire  Highlands'  the  writer  states: — 

"  In  Upper  Settle  the  old  Cattle  Pound  may 
still  be  seen,  where  lost  or  stray  animals  were 
kept  till  claimed  by  their  rightful  owner.  This 
was  effected  in  a  curious  way.  The  pinder — 
or  pound  keeper — broke  a  piece  of  stick  in  two,. 
giving  one  part  to  the  finder  and  retaining  the 
other  himself,  so  that  when  the  cattle  were 
redeemed  and  the  reward  was  made,  this  could 
only  be  done  upon  production  of  the  stick,  as  a 
means  of  identification." 

WM.  SELF  WEEKS. 

Westwood,  Clitheroe. 


MASTER  GUNNER. 

(12  S.  v.   153.) 

I  TAKE  it  that  the  status  of  a  master  gunner, 
both  in  the  army  and  navy,  as  compared  with 
his  junior  or  subordinate  gunners, was  similar 
to  that  of  the  head  master  of  a  college  or 
school  in  comparison  with  the  other  or  under 
masters.  As  regards  the  army,  an  Ordnance 
List  dated  Mar.  8,  1715  (printed  in  Dalton's 
'  George  I.'s  Army,'  vol.  i.  p.  285),  mentions 
"  Col.  James  Pendlebury,  Master  Gunner  of 
Great  Britain,  to  exercise  scholars  to  shoot 
in  great  ordnance,  at  190Z.  per  annum," 
with  three  mates  at  45Z.  10s.  per  annum 
each.  He  held  this  post  under  three  British 
sovereigns,  from  Nov.  20,  1710,  having  suc- 
ceeded Capt.  Richard  Silver,  whose  predeces- 
sor, Col.  George  Brown,  held  it  in  1700  till  his 
death  in  June,  1702.  '  The  True  State  of 
England,'  1734,  gives  Col.  (Jonas)  Watson  as 
then  master  gunner  of  England  (until  he 
fell  at  Carthagena  in  1741),  and  says  :  — 

"  By  an  old  Custom  it  is  assign'd  to  the  Master 
Gunner  to  teach  all  such  as  desire  to  learn  the  Art 
of  Gunnery  ;  and  he  has  Power  to  administer  an 
Oath  to  his  Pupils,  which  binds  them  not  only  to 
Allegiance,  but  that  they  shall  not  serve  any 
Foreign  Prince  or  State,  without  express  Leave 
from  their  own  Sovereign  ;  nor  can  he  teach  any 
but  such  as  have  taken  the  said  Oath  :  when  there 
is  a  want  of  Gunners,  he  certifies  the  Capacity  of 
such  Persons  as  are  recommended  to  be  Gunner* 
in  his  Majesty's  Train." 

In  Porter's  '  History  of  the  Royal 
Engineers,'  p.  25,  John  Rogers  the  engineer 
appears  as  also  comptroller  of  the  train  at 
the  siege  of  Boulogne  in  1544,  his  train 
consisting  of  one  master  gunner  and  seventy- 
one  gunners,  &c.  On  p.  46  he  mentions 
Nathaniel  Nye  as  chief  engineer  and  also 
master  gunner  of  Fairfax's  army  at  the 
siege  of  Worcester,  in  or  about  1642,  on 
behalf  of  the  Parliament.  The  train  for 
Flanders,  Feb.  27,  1692,  had  in  its  gun 


IS.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


213 


achment  one  master  gunner  at  5s.  and 

>  mates  at  3s.,  &c.   (ibid.,  p.   55).     The 
in  to  proceed  with  the  Channel  fleet  on 

summer    expedition    in    1692    included 

>  master  gunner  of  England  at  13s.  4td. 
I  ninety -two  gunners  at  2s.  (ibid.,  p.  57) 
Cdward   French   was   serving   as   master 
xner  at  Tynemouth  Castle  in  1688  ;  and 
>mas    Holman,    who    was    appointed     a 
iner,  April   30,    1680,   was  sent  with   an 
illery  detachment  to  the  relief  of  London- 
ry,  with  the  rank  of  master  gunner,  in 
y,   1689  (Dalton's  '  Army  Lists,'  vol.  v. 

2,  p.  11).  In  Chamberlayne's  'Present 
te  of  Great  Britain,'  1716,  mention  is 
ie  of  Thomas  Cornelius,  master  gunner 
:he  Tower  of  London  at  361.  10s.  a  year, 
h  four  other  gunners  (73Z.)  ;  and  it  also 
3  there  was  a  master  gunner  at  Berwick, 
lisle,  Chester,  Cockham  Wood,  Calsted 
tie,  Guernsey  and  Castle  Cornet,  Hurst 
tie,  Kingston-upon-Hull,  Languard  Fort, 

Mawes,  Pendennis  Castle,  Portsmouth, 
erness,  Sandham  Castle  (I.W.),  Yarmouth 
tie  (I.W.),  and  Cowes  Castle  (I.W.) 
>ectively,  each  at  36Z.  10s.  a  year  ;  while 
mouth,  Tilbury  Fort,  Tinmouth  Castle, 

Upton  Castle  had  two  master  gunners 
i.  Under  them  were,  two,  three,  four, 

or  seven  other  gunners,  according  to  the 

or  importance  of  the  garrison,  the  chief 
3  having  :  Plymouth  18,  Portsmouth  23, 
erness  13,  and  Tilbury  Fort  10  other 
ners,  all  at  181.  5s.  each.  The  War 
ce  Papers  in  the  Record  Office  further - 
e  give  the  names  of  several  other 
•isons  where  gunners  were  stationed, 
•ng  them  being  Gillingham.  These  local 
ners  were  occasionally  removed  to  other 
ions,  and  some  of  them  were  promoted 
naster  gunners,  all  appointments  being 
Le  by  warrant  of  the  Board  of  Ordnance. 
>seph  Brome,  who  was  a  drummer  in 

company  of  the  Royal  Regiment  of 
llery  in  the  Island  of  Minorca  in  April, 
>,  died  master  gunner  of  England, 
il  24,  1796.  I  think  the  late  General 
lulph  was  the  last  (honorary)  master 
aer  of  St.  James's  Park. 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

tie  King's  Regulations  of  1912,  amended 
iug.  I/  1914,  par.  1767,  shows  that  a 
ber  gunner,  1st  class,  in  the  army  ranks 
.  a  naval  carpenter  and  a  naval  artificers' 
neer,  but  the  naval  men  are  the  seniors. 

presume  that  there  are  still  master 
lers  in  the  Royal  Artillery — I  have 
ing  here  to  verify  this.  I  know,  however, 

such  a  rank  existed,  as  in  the  past  I 


knew  many  of  them.  I  do  not  think  that 
the  rank  of  master  gunner  could  have  been 
used  in  the  navy  for  a  long  time  past,  as  I 
presume  the  naval  rank  of  chief  gunner — 
which  ranks  with  a  second  lieutenant  in  the 
army — gives  to  the  holder  duties  similar  to 
those  of  a  master  gunner  in  the  armv  :  unless 
the  gunner  in  the  navy  does  the  work — this 
I  do  not  know,  having  no  knowledge  of  naval 
duties.  HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

Although  this  word  is  marked  "  obsolete  " 
in  the  '  N.E.D.,'  it  appears  to  be  still  in  use 
in  India.  By  a  curious  coincidence  within 
a  few  days  after  reading  MR.  MORIARTY'S 
note  (ante,  p.  153),  I  received  from  a  friend 
at  Simla  a  copy  of  The  Statesman  of 
April  29,  1919,  published  at  Calcutta,  con- 
taining inter  alia  an  account  of  a  riot  p^t 
Kasur,  between  Ferozepore  and  Lahore.  In 
a  report  of  the  circumstance  by  a  railway 
official  the  following  sentence  occurs  :  — 

"The  two  warrant  officers  to  whom  it  was 
reported  we  owed  our  preservation  were  not  the 
two  who  helped  us.  They,  Conductor  Selby  and 
Master  Gunner  Malatt,  went  on  to  the  station  in 
the  train  which  was  after  a  few  minutes  taken  into 
Kasur  Station.  It  was  on  the  platform  that  these 
two  unfortunate  men  were  killed." 

J.  E.  HARTING. 

There  is  a  functionary  so  called  in 
Shakespeare's  '  1  Henry  VI.,'  i.  4. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 


LITERATURE  AND  ICONOGRAPHY  OF  LON- 
DON PEACE  CELEBRATIONS  (12  S.  v.  175). — 
In  providing  a  brief  supplement  to  this  note 
I  am  able  to  revise  my  last  contribution. 
In  the  fourth  line  from  end  for  "doyen  " 
read  "  foyer."  An  exhibition  of  relics  of 
the  Armada  was  arranged  in  the  foyer  during 
the  production  of  the  spectacular  drama  so 
named,  to  commemorate  the  tercentenary  of 
the  great  naval  victory. 

To  complete  my  note  I  should  add 
references  to  earlier  examples  of  such 
pageants,  but  as  a  victory  triumph  it  is 
apparently  the  first  of  its  kind.  To 
the  civic  boating  episodes  we  need  not 
refer.  The  Maria  Wood  is  sufficiently 
known  and  the  famous  trip  to  Oxford 
was  indiscreetly  described  by  the  mayor's 
chaplain,  but  of  state  pageants  or  river 
progresses  I  believe  the  earliest  illustrated 
was  Lord  Sandwich's  return  with  Catherine 
of  Braganza.  Of  this  rare  print  an  example 
is  in  the  Pepysian  collection  ;  the  description 
informs  us  it  shows  "  the  reception  of  her 
majesty  and  the  King,  on  the  River  coming 


214 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  AUG.,  1919. 


from  Hampton  Court  to  Whitehall."  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine  of  October,  1768, 
provided  a  folding  plate  illustrating  the 
river  pageant  when  Christian  VII.  of  Den- 
mark went  from  Whitehall  to  the  Temple, 
Sept.  23,  1768.  More  uncommon  is  an 
aquatint  view  of  the  funeral  procession  of 
Nelson.  This  was  published  with  The 
Lady's  Magazine  of  Feb.  1,  1806.  The  artist, 
or  others  responsible,  singularly  present  a 
lavish  display  of  flags  and  bunting,  but  not 
one  is  at  half  mast  and,  except  the  barge 
with  the  catafalque,  there  is  no  sign  of 
urning.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

A  REVERIE  IN  OLD  RATCLIFFE  :  THE 
DEATH  OF  CAPT.  JOHN  WEDDELL  (12  S. 
v.  171). — Your  correspondent  Me.  in  remark- 
ing that  Weddell,  after  leaving  Macao, 
returned  to  India  "  and  so  to  England  in 
1640,  before  petitioning  for  a  new  com- 
mission "  is  evidently  following  the  account 
in  the  '  Diet,  Nat,  Biog.'  But  Prof.  J.  K. 
Laughton,  Weddell's  biographer,  gives  no 
authority  for  his  return,  and  the  records  at 
the  India  Office  fail  to  substantiate  his 
statement.  After  leaving  China,  in  Decem- 
ber, 1637,  Weddell  sailed  in  the  Dragon  to 
Achin  and  thence,  in  February,  1638,  to  the 
West  Coast  of  India  ('  Continuation  of  the 
China  Voyage,'  '  Marine  Records,'  vol.  Ixiii.). 
He  is  subsequently  heard  of  at  Cochin, 
Bhatkal,  Masulipatam,  and  Cannanore.  The 
latent  direct  mention  of  him  in  the  India 
Office  records  being  on  Jan.  29,  1639,  at  the 
last-named  place,  when  he  was  preparing 
to  sail  for  England  in  company  with  the 
Catherine  (Foster,  '  English  Factories  in 
India,'  1637-41).  Neither  the  Dragon  nor 
the  Catherine  reached  their  destination,  and 
Mr.  Foster  (op.  cit.,  p.  23)  surmises  that  both 
vessels  were  wrecked  in  the  storms  of  May 
and  June,  1639. 

Further  confirmation   of  the   loss   of  the 
two  ships  has  been  supplied  to  me  by  SIR 
RICHARD   TEMPLE,   whose   third   volume   o: 
'  The  Travels  of  Peter  Muncly  '  (Hak.  Soc. 
h  now  in  the  press.     Mundy  was  a  member  o 
Courteen's  Association.     He  sailed  in  Wed 
dell's  ill-fated  China  expedition  and  returnee 
to  England  in  the  Sun  from  Achin.     In  th 
notes  which  he  added  to  his  diary  of  th 
China  voyage  the  following  passage  occurs  :  — 

"Capt.  Weddell  and  Capt.  Carter,  shippes 
goods  and  company  lost,  supposed  to  bee  foundrec 
in  the  Sea.  Yett  More  Disasters.  Captain 
Weddell  in  the  Dragon,  Admirall,  with  the  Cheif 
Merchantts,  Preachers,  etrp ,  and  Captaine  farte 
in  the  Catherine,  rere  admirall,  since  their  depar 
ture  [blank]  in  [blank]  were  never  More  heard  o 
and  therefore  g\\Qu  for  lost,  supposed  to  bee  eithe 


ast  away  on  the  great  and  Dangerous  shoalds  and 
ands  without  St.  Laurence,  beetweene  it  and  India, 
r  foundred  and  Swallowed  in  the  Sea,  shippes, 
oodes  with  all  the  Soules  in  them.  The  shippes- 
/ere  old  and  long  outt.  Questionlesse,  had  they 
ome  home,  they  had  Made  a  Ritch  voyage  as- 
Veil  for  them  selves  as  for  the  Imployers." 

This  evidence  from  one  of  Weddell's 
>ersonal  friends  should  finally  settle  the- 
•uestion  of  the  fine  old  sea  captain's  end. 
'urther  proof  can,  however,  be  found  in  a 
>amphlet  (Tract  No.  359,  India  Office 
abrary)  by  J.  D.  [John  Darell],  published  in  ; 
665.  It  is  entitled  "  A  True  and  Com- 
endious  Narrative.  ..  .Of  the  totall  Plun- 
dering and  Sinking  of  the  Dragon  and 
Katherine  Both  Ships  and  Men...."  The- 
luthor  endeavours  to  incriminate  the  Dutch 
n  the  loss  of  the  two  ships  with  their  crews, 
le  fails  to  carry  conviction  in  the  mind  of 
he  reader,  but  the  depositions  and  inquiries 
hat  he  records  show  unmistakably  that 
leither  the  two  ships  nor  their  commanders 
,vere  ever  heard  of  after  leaving  India  early 
n  1639.  L.  M.  ANSTEY. 

QUEEN  ANNE  :    THE  SOVEREIGN'S  VETO  r 

THE    ROYAL    ASSENT    (12  S.  v.  95,  155). — 

There  is  a  small  error  in    my  reply  at  the- 

econd    reference :    in    the    last    paragraph 

I  should  have  written  that  "  Raine  "   (not 

'  Revue  ")  is  in  our  days  differently  spelt,. 

seeing  that  I  was  alluding  to  Queen  Anne's 

ime,  when  the  word  was  spelt  "  raine." 

I   may,   perhaps,   be   allowed   to   add   to 
what  I  wrote  about  the  Royal  Assent,  &c. 

Erskine  May  in  his  '  Parliamentary  Prac-  j 
tice,'  12th  eel.,  1917,  p.  394,  gives  the  Assent 
o   a  petition   demanding   a  right,   whether 
mblic    or    private,    viz.  :    "  Soit    droit    fait 
comme  il  est  desire."     He  also  gives  in  a 
nodernized    form    the    ancient    pronounce- 
ment made  by  the  Clerk  of  the  Crown  upon.  . 
the  reading  of  the  Title  of  her  Majesty's  ! 
[Queen  Elizabeth's]   Pardon.     Although  he- 
refers  to  '  The  Journals  of  all  the  Parliaments 
during    the     Reign     of     Queen    Elizabeth,' 
collected   by   Sir   Simonds   D'Ewes,   revised 
and  published  by  Paul  Bowes,  1682,  p.  35,, 
he    does    not    give    an    exact    copy.     The- 
following  is  the  pronouncement  as  it  appears 
on  the  said  page  of  D'Ewes  :  — 

"  Les  Prelats,  Seigneurs,  &  Communes,  en  ce- 
present  Parliament  assembles,  au  nom  de  touts 
vous  autres  subjects,  remercient  tres  humblement 
vostre  Majestie,  &  prient  a  Dieu,  vous  donner  e» 
sante  bonne  vie  &  longue." 

May,  though  quoting  D'Ewes,  p.  35,  gives 
"  parlment  "  for  "  Parliament  "  ;  "  assem- 
bles "  for  "  assembles  "  ;  "  sujects  "  for 


12  8.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


215 


'  subjects  "  ;  "  majeste  "  for  "  Majestie  " 
'  sante  "  for  "  sante." 

This  ancient  form  appears  on  two  othe: 
Dages   of   D'Ewes,    viz.,    76   and    116,   with 
small    differences    of   spelling,    "  Majestye ' 
ind  "  Majesty  "  for  "  Majestie  "  ;  also  "  que 
Is  vous  donne  "  and  "  que  il  vous  done  ' 
or  "  vous  donner." 

As  to  this  ancient  form  May  writes  thai 
nodern  practice  has  substituted  for  it  the 
•oyal  assent  in  the  usual  form  as  to  a  public 
rill.  For  an  example  of  this  see  Journals 
>/  the  House  of  Lords,  vol.  xx.  p.  546,  where 
July  15,  1717)  the  Assent  was  so  given  to 
'  An.  Act  for  the  King's  most  Gracious 
General  and  Free  Pardon." 

D'Ewes  gives  the  following  forms  oi 
Assent,  p.  35,  under  An.  1  Reg.  Eliz.,  1558 
c  1559  :  — 

To  Publick  Acts,  La  Roigne  le  veult. 

To  Private  Acts,  Soit  faite  come  il  est  desire. 

To  Bill  of  Subsidy,  La  Roigne  remercye  ses 
jyaulx  subjects,  accept  leur  benevolence,  &  aussi 
5  veult. 

n  this  "ses  loyaulx  subjects  "  appears  instead 
f  "  les  (or  ses)  bon  (or  bons)  subjects," 
nd  "  aussi  "  instead  of  "  ainsi."  On  p.  76 
he  word  is  "ainsi,"  and  on  p.  116  it  is 
;  auxi  "  (presumably — aussi).  There  is  no 
oubt  that  D'Ewes  wrote  "  aussi,"  p.  35, 
s  he  translates  the  last  words  of  the  Assent, 

and  also  wills  it." 

La  Roigne  s'advkera,  i.e.,  the  Queen  will 
dvise  upon  it,  is  the  form  of  answer, 
ccording  to  D'Ewes,  "  to  such  Acts  as  her 
[ajesty  did  forbear  to  allow." 

Sir  Winston  Churchill  in  his  '  Divi  Bri- 
innici  :  being  a  Remark  upon  the  Lives  of 
11  the  Kings  of  this  Isle,'  1675,  p.  20, 
iys:  — 

'"Tis  the  Royal  Assent  that  Quickens  and  puts 
ie  Soul,  Spirit,  and  Power  into  it  [a  law].  A  Roy 
•ivisera,,  only  much  more  A  Roy  ne  veult,  makes 
1  their  [the  Lords'  and  Commons']  conceptions 
>ortive,  when  he  pleases." 

I  have  nowhere  else  found  anything 
Dout  "  A  Roy  ne  veult,"  but  I  can  scarcely 
link  that  Churchill  was  in  error,  seeing 
lat  when  his  book  was  published  he  had 
?en  a  member  of  the  Pensionary  Parlia- 
ent  for  about  fourteen  years.  A  query 

mine  as  to  this  appeared  at  11  S.  xi.  451, 
it  there  was  no  reply. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

MERCURY  DRAWN  BY  COCKS  (12  S.  v.  154). 
-The  cock  was  dedicated  to  Mercury,  he 
ing  the  god  of  merchandise,  as  a  symbol 
that  vigilance  and  early  rising  essential  to 
e  success  of  commerce. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 


NEW     CHESTERFIELD     LETTERS     (12     S. 
v.  154).—"  The  Chesterfield  Letters  of  1873, 

by  Lord  G —   -H ,"    to  give  them  their 

correct    description,    commenced    in    July, 

1873,  in  a  monthly  illustrated  magazine,  now 
defunct,  called  London  Society,  published  by 
Bentley  of  Burlington  Street.     There  were 
five  in  all,  and  they  terminated  in  November 
of  that  year,  by  which  time  they  had  caused 
a  considerable  flutter  in  fashionable  circles 
by    their    caustic     tone     and    thinly- veiled 
allusions  to  many  well-known  personages  of 
that  period.     For  example,  "  Rippy  Dion" 
of  the  Foreign  Office  was  obviously  meant 
for  "  Creppy  "  Vivian,  as  he  was  known  to 
his    familiars,    and    who    afterwards,    when 
Lord   Vivian,    became   British    Ambassador 
at  Rome. 

The  authorship  of  these  satirical  squibs 
was  attributed  to  the  late  Lord  Depart,  who, 
while  admitting  responsibility  for  them, - 
denied  that  they  actually  emanated  from  his 
pen.  When  Pelegrini's  cartoon  of  his 
lordship  appeared  in  Vanity  Fair  of  Jan.  31, 

1874,  it  was  styled  "  Chesterfield  Letters  " 
and  the  letterpress  of  "  Jehu,  Junior,"  dealt 
rather  fully  with  the  matter. 

In  January,  1874,  according  to  that 
paper,  a  resolution  was  moved  at  the 
Guards'  Club  to  the  effect  that  the  tone  of " 
'  The  Chesterfield  Letters  of  1873  '  is  objec- 
tionable and  unworthy  a  member  of  this 
club,  and  that  Lord  Desarts'  name  may  be 
removed  from  the  list  of  the  club  members. 
The  motion  was,  however,  defeated  by  the 
necessary  majority,  and  there  the  incident 

nded,  to  the  best  of  my  knowledge,  without 
the  actual  authorship  ever  having  been 
disclosed. 

Lord  George  Hamilton  wrote  a  letter  in 
The   Times   of  Dec.    9,    1873,   denying  that 

ither  he  or  Lord  George  Hill  were  the 
authors  of  the  letters,  and  added  that  as 
there  were  no  other  Lord  G.  H.s  the  author 
was  unwarranted  in  so  describing  himself, 
WlLLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

REPRESENTATIONS  OF  THE  BLESSED 
TRINITY  (12  S.  iii.,  168,  231,  307  ;  iv.  55,  228, . 
331). — I  quite  agree  with  your  correspondent, . 
HEV.  J.  M.  J.  FLETCHER,  that  the  dove  does 
not  actually  appear  in  the  canopy  of  the 
Black  Prince's  tomb  in  Canterbury  Cathe- 
dral. It  was,  as  suggested  by  MR.  ROCKING- 
HAM,  "  bowdlerized  "  out  in  some  restora- 
tion, when  the  body  of  Christ  was  repainted 
as  naked,  a  most  extraordinary  feature  for 
the  time,  never  to  be  found  before  the 
Renaissance  and,  even  then,  quite  un- 
common. 


216 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.v.  AUG.,  1019. 


I  feel  sure  that  the  clove  is  still  visible  in  the 
Black  Prince's  badge  at  the  British  Museum  ; 
a  part  of  the  beard  of  the  Father,  in  the 
engraving  of  Dean  Stanley's  book,  is  nothing 
but  a  poorly  depicted  dove  coming  out  of  His 
mouth,  for  expressing  the  dogma  of  pro- 
fession from  the  Father  as  well  as  from  the 
Son  below,  "  procedenti  ab  utroque." 

I  keep  therefore  wondering  why  Albert 
Day  did  describe  those  two  instances  of  a 
pretended  trinity  in  two  persons  without 
any  more  explanation.  Of  course,  there  is 
not,  as  far  as  I  know,  any  question  of 
*'  clouds  or  rays  of  light  or  nothing  at  all  " 
for  representing  the  Holy  Ghost  before  the 
Renaissance.  The  dove  was  considered 
to  be  quite  fitting  to  represent  an  invisible 
spirit  coming  from  above.  Owing  to  the 
text  of  the  Gospels  it  was  accepted  uni- 
versally and  from  a  very  early  date  as  a 
convenient  symbol  and  was  not  much 
objected  to  before  Puritan  times.  It  was 
•  even  kept  by  the  writers  of  the  Reforma- 
tion, including  Jac.  Faber  (Stapulensis). 
He  understands  the  dove  as  a  figure  of 
Divine  Love,  when  explaining  a  print, 
possibly  by  Holbein,  representing  the 
baptism  of  Christ  in  the  River  Jordan 
('  Commentarii  in  Quatuor  Evangelia,  Basel, 
1523).  The  clove  appears  as  well  in  the  fron- 
tispiece of  the  Authorized  Version  of  the 
Bible,  1611,  where  the  Father  is  represented 
by  the  Jewish  monogram,  the  Son  by  the 
Lamb  of  God. 

Notwithstanding  the  many  examples  in 
Flemish  and,  late  German  art — we  know  what 
the  expression  "  old  German  school  "  really 
means — the  representation  of  a  Trinity 
with  a  recumbent  figure  of  Christ  remains 
unusual  in  English  art,  as  pointed  out  by 
MR.  J.  LE  COUTEUB.  So  far,  no  other 
example  has  been  given  of  the  same.  It 
must  be  added  that  a  number  may  have  been 
destroyed  as  objectionable  in  later  times. 
PIERRE  TURPIN. 

FISH-YARD  (12  S.  v.  181).— Fish -yard  or 
fishgarth  (Icelandic  fiski-gar&r)  denotes  in 
the  west  of  Scotland  an  almost  obsolete 

-device  for  taking  fish  on  tidal  shores. 
A  rampart  of  boulders  was  built  out  on  the 
strand  usually  in  a  semi -circle  to  near  the 
limit  of  ebb,  with  a  sluice  or  water-gate  at 
the  outer  extremity.  The  flowing  tide 
filled  this  enclosure  ;  when  in  ebbed  it  left 

-.  a  pool  with  any  fish  that  happened  to  be  in 
it.  The  sluice  was  then  opened,  the  pool 
was  run  dry  and  the  fish  were  taken  out. 
These  garths  were  sometimes  of  large  size, 

i  enclosing  an  area  of  an  acre  or  two  ;  but  the 


ruined  remains  of  lesser  ones  may  be  seen  in 
many  places  forming  dark  semicircles  where 
small  streams  flow  across  a  sandy  shore, 
designed  for  the  capture  of  migratory 
salmon  and  sea  trout.  An  act  of  the 
13th  Parliament  of  James  III.  (Feb.  4,  1483) 
regulated  the  construction  and  management 
of  "  fischgari:hes." 

The  most  extensive  arrangement  of  fish- 
yards  known  to  me  is  on  the  vast  expanse 
of  sand  at  the  head  of  the  Bay  of  Luce. 
The  river  Luce  and  its  tributary  the  Pil- 
tanton  wind  across  these  sands  to  the  sea, 
and  at  low  tide  the  foundations  of  a  perfect 
labyrinth  of  fish-yards  are  visible  in  a  series 
of  wide  curves,  dark  with  seaweed.  I  am 
told,  though  I  have  not  seen  the  document, 
that  the  charter  of  the  Hays  of  Park,  whose 
ancient  castle  dominates  the  scene,  con- 
ferred upon  them  the  fishings  of  the  river 
Luce  from  its  source  to  the  sea,  and  as  far 
into  the  sea  as  a  man  might  ride  and  cast  a 
javelin.  HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

Monreith. 

Explained  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  as  being  the 
same  as  fishgarth,  "  a  garth  or  inclosure  on 
a  river  or  on  the  seashore  for  preserving 
fishes  or  taking  them  easily.  Quotations 
from  1454  to  1894.  Two  quotations  for 
"  fish-yard,"  both  from  Picton,  '  Liverpool 
Municipal  Records'  (1883),  1685  and  1789. 

J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  Lines. 

[MR.  N.  W.  HILL  and  MR.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE 
also  thanked  for  replies.] 

INSCRIPTIONS  IN  ST.  JOHN  THE  EVANGE- 
LIST'S, WATERLOO  ROAD  :  R.  W.  ELLISTON'S 
PLACE  or  EDUCATION  (12  S.  v.  63,  135,  193). 
— I  am  out  of  touch  with  most  works  of 
reference  and  I  do  not  know  upon  what 
ground  Mr.  Lucas,  as  cited  by  PROF. 
BENSLY,  states  that  Elliston  was  educated 
not  at  St.  Paul's  School  but  at  the  school  of 
St.  Paul's,  Covent  Garden.  The  registers 
of  Colet's  school,  however,  are  conclusive  as 
shewing  that  Mr.  Lucas  is  mistaken.  The 
entry  therein  dated  July  29,  1783,  is  as 
follows  :  "  Robert  William  Elliston,  aged  9, 
son  (sic)  of  Dr.  E.,  Master  of  Sidney  College, 
Cambridge." 

Curiously  enough  the  son  of  the  head  of 
an  Oxford  college  was  admitted  to  the 
school  a  few  days  later.  Thi^  was  Sir 
Charles  Wetherall,  the  well-known  Attorney- 
General,  who?e  father  was  Master  of  Uni- 
versity College. 

MICHAEL  H.  MCDONNELL. 

Sierra  Leone. 


12  S.  V.  Arc  ,  1919.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


217 


NORFOLK  MANUSCRIPTS  (12  S.  v.  182). — 
..ot  10  in  the  Frere  Catalogue  of  1888  was 
mrchased  by  Mr.  Walter  Rye,  the  eminent 
Norfolk  antiquary,  who  now  resides  in 
Norwich.  These  manuscripts,  which  are 
till  in  his  possession,  are  catalogued  as 
ollows  in  his  printed  catalogue  of  MSS., 
entitled  '  A  Catalogue  of  Fifty  of  the 
Norfolk  Manuscripts  in  the  Library  of 
Walter  Rye  at  Winchester  House,  Putney,' 
:889:  — 

fo.  4.  2  vols.  folio,  containing  305  Pedigrees  of 
Norfolk  Families,  compilea  by  Anthony  Norris 
of  Barton,  with  an  8vo  index  of  all  persons 
named  therein.  There  is  an  index  to  persons 
and  places  in  vol.  1  8vo,  of  indexes  (No.  5  of 
present  catalogue).  [No.  10  in  Frere  Sale 
Catalogue].  The  names  of  the  families  of  which 
there  are  detailed  pedigrees  are  : — &c. 

fa.  5.  Index  (8vo)  to  the  last  collection  [Frere 
Catalogue  No.  10],  containing  : — &e. 

Mr.  Rye  has  by  his  will  left  these  manu- 
cripts  to  the  Norwich  Public  Library,  and 

am  authorized  to  state  that  they  can  be 
een  here  by  appointment. 

GEO.  A.  STEPHEN,  City  Librarian. 
Public  Library,  Norwich. 

"Pno  PELLE  CUTEM  "  (12  S.  v.  93,  132, 
64). — MR.  BOTTOM'S  suggestion  is  the  best 
have  seen.  It  is  far  more  probable  than  a 
aference  to  Job  iv.  The  significance  of  the 
wo  words  also  is  important.  They  seem 
o  have  changed  places  during  the  voyage, 
owever.  J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 

JACK  STRAW  AND  WAT  TYLER  (12  S. 
-.  153). — In  a  sense  both  were  Wai  worth's 
;  victims  "  — Tyler  more  directly.  The  truth 
3  somewhat  less  dramatic  than  the  legend, 
"he  interview  between  the  King  and  Tyler 
ras  fairly  amicable  until  one  of  the  royal 
uite  (Sir  John  Newentone,  who  had  lost 
lochester  Castle  to  Tyler)  interfered  to  say 
hat  he  recognized  in  Tyler  a  notorious 
hief  and  marauder.  For  this  the  rebel 
rould  have  killed  him  with  his  dagger  had 
tot  Walworth  interfered.  He  struck  at 
Valworth,  whose  armour  turned  the  blow, 
,nd  who  then  drew  sword  and  wounded 
]"yler,  who  turned  and  fled  to  his  followers  ; 
thereupon  another  Kingsman  (Ralph 
>tandish,  afterwards  knighted)  pursued  and 
aortally  wounded  him.  Tyler  fell  from 
lis  horse  and  was  carried  half  dead  into  St. 
Bartholomew's,  close  at  hand.  Walworth, 
>n  his  return  from  rousing  the  city  for  the 
£ing,  missed  the  body  of  the  rebel  chief, 
,nd  on  learning  his  refuge  h&d  him  out  and 
>eheaded  him.  The  head  was  carried  on  a 
>ole  "  to  intimidate  the  commons,"  and 
Afterwards,  with  that  of  the  other  chief 


ringleader,  Jack    Straw,    replaced    those    of 
Tyler's  victims  on  London  Bridge. 

Who  Straw  was  is  somewhat  uncertain. 
According  to  the  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.'  a  pro- 
clamation of  the  rebels  in  Thanet  Church 
(June  13,  1381)  ran  in  the  names  of  Wat 
Tyler  and  John  Rackstraw,  and  it  is  con- 
jectured that  the  latter  is  to  be  identified 
with  Jack  Straw.  Tyler  himself  has  been 
mistaken  for  others  of  his  name.  Thus 
the  slayer  of  the  poll-tax  collector  was  ona 
John  Tyler  of  Dartf  ord  ;  and  there  is 
further  confusion  with  another  Walter 
Tyler  "  of  Essex  " — the  historic  Wat  being 
of  Maidstone. 

The  story   of  Walworth's   dagger  in  the 
city  arms  seems  also  to  be  mythical.     It 
was  originally  a  sword  of  St.  Paul,  and  an 
old  device  before  the  fourteenth  century. 
GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  Jack 
Straw  was  hanged,  in  the  company  of 
Robert  Starling  and  other  chiefs  of  the 
rebellion,  as  it  was  not  until  the  night  of" 
June  15,  1381,  the  day  of  Tyler's  death,  that 
Richard  gave  authority  to  a  commission, 
composed  of  Sir  William  Walworth,  Sir 
John  Philpot,  and  Sir  Nicholas  Bramber,  to- 
deal  with  criminals  according  to  law  "  or 
by  other  ways  ancl  means,"  whereupon 
Straw  and  the  others  were  arrested.  Indeed 
it  is  not  even  strictly  accurate  to  say  that 
Walworth  killed  Wat  Tyler  ;  he  wounded 
Tyler  in  the  shoulder,  causing  him  to  fall 
on  his  horse's  neck,  but  the  actual  coup  de 
grace  came  from  the  sword  of  John  Stand- 
wich,  one  of  the  King's  squires,  who  followed 
up  Walworth's  blow  by  instantly  running 
Tyler  twice  through  the  body. 

W.  A.  HUTCHISON. 

There  is  apparently  an  old  tradition  that 
it  was  Jack  Straw  and  not  Wat  Tyler  who 
was  stabbled  by  William  Walworth,  Lord 
Mayor  of  London.  See  '  Life  and  Death  of" 
Jack  Straw,'  Dodsley's  '  Old  English  Plays  ' 
(Hazlitt,  1874,  vol.  v.).  The  author  isr 
unknown.  In  this  play  Jack  Straw  was 
stabbed  by  Walworth.  Wat  Tyler  and 
John  Ball  were  hanged  after  the  rebellion 
was  suppressed. 

The  heading  of  the  play  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  The  Life  and  Death  of  Jack  Strawe  a  notable 
Bebell  in  England  :  who  was  kild  in  Smithfield 
by  the  Lord  Maior  of  London.  Printed  at 
London  by  John  Danter  and  are  to  be  sold  by 
William  Barley  at  his  shop  in  Gratious- Street 
over  and  against  Leaden  Hall.  1593." 

GEORGE  DENTON. 

Eiverdale  Eoad,  Sheffield. 


218 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  AUG.,  19J9. 


STANHOPE  (12  S.  v.  152). — 3.  Edwin 
Stanhope,  aged  13  in  1742,  might  be  the  same 
as  Edwin  Francis  Stanhope  of  St.  Maryle- 
bone,  bachelor,  married  by  special  licence 
at  St.  George's,  Hanover  Square,  on  Aug.  9, 
1753,  to  Lady  Catherine  Lyon,  widow. 

4.  Langdale  Stanhope's  parentage  would 
seem  to  be  wrongly  described  by  G.  F.  R.  B. 
He  was  the  son  of  John  Stanhope  of 
Grimston,  co.  Yorks  (d.  1704),  by  Judith, 
clau.  of  Langdale  Sunderland  of  Aketon. 
He  died  s. p.  See  Hunter's  Familise  (Harl. 
Soc.)  iii.  988.  It  is  almost  inconceivable 
that  there  should  have  been  two  men  of  this 
uncommon  name  of  the  same  generation. 

G.  R.  Y.  R. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  EPITAPHS  (12  S.  v.  68. 
129,  161,  192).— To  previous  works  should 
be  added  :  — 

A  Collection  of Epitaphs in  the  Ceme- 
teries and  Churches  of  S.  Pancras,  Middlesex. 
By  Frederick  Tcague  Gansich.  1872. 

These  epitaphs  relate  to  Highgate  Ceme- 
tery, and  to  the  churchyard  of  Holy  Trinity, 
Gray's  Inn  Road  only. 

Mr.  Cansioh  was  a  relative  of  Dr.  Engall,  a 
homoeopathic  practitioner  of  Euston  Square, 
who  survived  him,  I  think,  until  about  1890. 
Mr.  Cansich  left  unpublished  a  collection  of 
Hornsey  epitaphs,  in  which  Dr.  Engall  was 
interested  ;  sufficiently  so  to  arrange  my 
presence  during  part  of  the  transcription. 
If  the  collection  still  exists,  it  should  be 
published.  The  seventeenth  century  regis- 
ters of  Hornsey  are  defective.  J.  C.  W. 

FUND  FOR  PRESERVING  MEMORIALS  OF  THE 
DEAD  IN  IRELAND  (12  S.  v.  183).— Many  of 
the  printed  reports  of  this  society  are  in  the 
library  of  the  Society  of  Genealogists, 
5  Bloomsbury  Square,  and  many  of  them 
have  been  indexed  in  their  Consolidated 
Index.  The  late  Col.  P.  D.  Vigors  was  the 
moving  spirit  in,  these  invaluable  efforts  to 
save  fast -decaying  inscriptions. 

GEORGE  SHERWOOD. 

There  is  a  set  of  the  Journal  of  the  Associa- 
tion for  the  Preservation  of  the  Memorials 
of  the  Dead,  Ireland,  from  vol.  ii.  1892,  in  the 
library  of  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum. 

V. 

FOLK-LORE  :  RED  HAIR  (12  S.  ii.  128,  196, 
239,  379  ;  v.  194).— Rosalind  does  not  say 
that  Orlando's  hair  is  red.  She  says  it 
"  is  of  the  dissembling  colour,"  and  she 
means  that  it  is  a  mixture  dissembling  both 
red  and  brown — it  is  neither  one  or  the 
other.  Celia  says  it  is  "  something  browner 


than  Judas's,"  and  in  the  next  line  that  she 
speaks  terms  it  chestnut.  Judas's  hair  is 
a  yellowish  red,  and  in  the  sunlight  chestnut 
hair  glints  the  Judas  colour. 

W.  H.  PINCHBECK. 

BLUECOAT  SCHOOLS  (12  S.  v.  126,  158). — 
Have  not  1hese  schools  differences  in  their 
costume,  which  should  distinguish  the  boys 
of    one    school    from    those    of    another  ?  1 
When  I  was  staying  at  Eastbourne  six  ori 
seven  years  ago,  I  saw  a  Bluecoat  boy  whose 
stockings  proclaimed  that  he  did  not  belong 
to     Christ's     Hospital,     the     colour     being 
brownish    instead    of   yellow.     He   told   me  1 
that  he  came  from  Wolverhampton.     Some 
years  previously,  whilst  waiting  for  a  train 
at   Malvern,   I   noticed   on   the   platform  a 
boy  wearing  a  blue  coat  (not  so  long  as  the 
well-known  garment)  over  corduroy  trousers 
(not    breeches) — a   most    incongruous    com-1 
bination.     I  was  told  that  he  belonged  to  a 
Bluecoat    School,    but    have    forgotten    its  : 
locality  ;    I  think  some  small  town  not  far 
away. 

In  '  The  Queen's  Empire.'  published  many  ; 
years  ago  by  Cassell  &  Co.,  there  was  a 
photograph  of  the  boys  and  girls  of  the 
Liverpool  Bluecoat  School  at  prayers  ;  but 
the  scale  was  too  small  to  show  details  of 
dress. 

It  would  be  interesting  to  know  if  any  of 
the  provincial  schools  included  in  their 
original  costume  the  long  yellow  petticoat 
formerly  worn  at  Christ's  Hospital  (cp.  11  S. 
viii.  477,  sub  '  Charles  Lamb's  Mrs.  S —  -  '). 

G.  H.  WHITE. 

23  Weigh  ton  Road,  Anerle>,  S.E. 

There  was  a  Bluecoat  School  for  twelve 
boys,  who  received  a  free  education  and 
clothing,  at  Bromsgrove  School  in  Worcester- 
shire. These  boys  had  a  separate  elementary 
master,  and  were  taught  in  an  outhouse 
attached  to  the  Grammar  School.  I  believe 
they  were  abolished  about  the  year  1869, 
when  Dr.  Blore  wras  headmaster. 

W.  G.  D.  FLETCHER. 

Oxon  Vicarage,  Shrewsbury. 

An  unusual  origin  is  narrated  in  a  work 
printed  at  Ashby-de-la-Zouch  in  1852.  I 
give  it  in  abbreviated  form  :  — 

"  Mr.  Isaac  Dawson,  the  founder  of  the  Blue- 
Coat  Charity,  \vas  the  son  of  Mr.  John  Dawson, 
who  lived  in  the  principal  street  in  Ashby.  The 
story  is  that  Mr.  Dawson,  when  on  his  journey  to 
York,  was  stopped  and  bound  by  three  highway- 
men, whom  he  afterwards  succeeded  in  discover- 
ing. They  were  convicted  and  executed  for  the 
offence,  and  under  the  law  then  existing  Mr. 
Dawson  became  entitled  to  receive  the  sum  (40Z.) 


5  8.  V.  AUG.,  1919.. 1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


219 


rable  on  a  capital  conviction  for  highway 
bery ;  but  probably  from  thankfulness  for 
escape,  and  unwillingness  to  enjoy  the  money 

obtained  through  the  death  of  others,  he 
olved  on  applying  it  to  the  foundation  of  a 
alic  school,  and  payment  for  the  preaching  of 

annual  sermon,  commemorative  of  his  de- 

irance [The  boys]  are  clothed  in  blue  coat, 

istcoat  and  trowsers,  with  cap  and  pair  of 
ads ....  The  Green-Coat  School  was  founded 

1769  by  Alderman  Newton  of  Leicester.... 
he  boys]  are  clothed  in  green  coat,  waistcoat 
i  trowsers,  with  cap  and  pair  of  bands." 

Mr.  Dp.wson's  adventure  is  described  by 
:n  in  a  contemporaneous  letter  dated 
,n.  5,  1714-15.  I  believe  both  schools 
ve  ceased  to  exist  as  such,  being  now  under 
e  Educational  Authority  for  the  county. 

W.  B.  H. 

For  a  representation  of  the  primitive  blue 
stum©  worn  by  the  girls  in  one  of  these 
stitutions  see  the  painting  '  Children  of 
e  Bluecoat  School,  Nottingham  '  (No.  52 
catalogue),  by  Miss  Marjorie  C.  Bates  in 
e  present  exhibition  of  the  Royal  Academy. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

"ARGYLES"     OR     GRAVY-POTS     (12     S. 

154,). — The  origin  of  this  name  ia  at 
•esent  unsolved.  In  all  probability  the 
leffield  plate  manufacturers  were  the  first 
•  introduce  these  double- jacketed  vessels, 
here  are  many  still  to  be  found  made  by  the 
der  process  of  plating,  though  very  few 
i  solid  silver.  The  latter  generally  bear 
all-marks  of  the  early  George  III.  period. 
;  is  possible  that  this  description  derived 
s  origin  from  the  inventor.  However,  the 
lethod  of  filling  an  outside  lining  to  contain 
ot  water  was  frequently  adopted  when 
laking  sauce  boats  and  teapots,  as  well  as 
ravy -holders,  in  former  times.  Argyles  for 
eeping  gravy  or  sauce  hot  are  still  made  in 
oth  electro  -  plate  and  sterling  silver 
hough  not  to  any  considerable  extent 
tiey  are  very  liable  to  become  bruised  if  nol 
andled  carefully,  and  are  very  difficult  tc 
epair  satisfactorily.  F.  BRADBURY. 

Arundel  Street,  Sheffield. 

"Argyles"  were  named  after  my  great 
reat  -  grandfather,  John,  5th  Duke  o 
irgyll,  and  I  have  several  tliPat  belonged  t 
,is  son  George,  6th  Duke,  who,  I  believe 
fas  the  first  person  that  used  them.  H 
ras  born  in  1766. 

I  cannot  now  look  at  their  dates  becaus 
hey  are  locked  up,  but  will  do  so  later  i 
.esired.  CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield  Park,  Reading. 

[L.  B.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 


LORD    ROBERTS  :    HOUSE    IN    WHICH   HE 

DIED  (12  S.  v.  125).— In  March,  1915,  when 

I  returned  from  Switzerland,  I  brought  back 

several  cuttings  and  written  extracts  from 

Swiss  newspapers.     All  are  concerned  with 

events  of  the  war.     On  one  extract,  I  now 

find,    in   pencil,    "  Rue    Carnot,    St.    Omer, 

18/11  /14."     As  the  extract  is  with  reference 

o  Lord    Roberts,  the  street  given  above  is 

vidently  correct.        HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

Lord  Roberts' s  death  took  place  at  No. 
2  Rue  Carnot,  St.  Omer. 

(Rev.)  R.  PARK. 

DEACON  IN  LOVE  (12  S.  v.  42,  104,  159). — 
^he  original  Latin  text  of  the  '  Registrum  T 
>f  Thomas  de  Cantilupe  has  been  printed 
y  the  Canterbury  and  York  Society.  The 
passage  required  is  on  p.  206  of  pt.  ix. 
issued  March,  1907),  which  forms  part  of" 
>.  58  of  the  original.  The  Latin  runs  thus  : 
'  Kyngtone,  Thomas ....  Hugoni  de  Chalpe- 
aore,  diacono,  salutem  &....ad  ecclesiam 
de  Kyngtone.  .  .  .te  caritative  admittimus." 
Dated  April  29,  1248. 

The  extract  thus  relates  to  the  institution 
of  a  certain  deacon  to  a  parish  church,  but 
aot  to  a  chantry,  nor  is  any  thing  said  about 
its  dedication  or  its  rich  endowments.  The 
3arish  church  of  Kington  is  still  dedicated 
:o  Our  Lady.  Was  there  ever  really  a 
chantry  of  "  Deacon  in  Love "  in  the 

athedral  church  of  Hereford  ?  The  whole 
thing  seems  to  be  a  mistake  in  the  local 
history  of  1845.  W.  A.  B.  C. 

DAUDET'S  '  JACK  '  :  ILLUSTRATIONS  BY 
MYRBACH  (12  S.  v.  150). — Referring  to  the 
supposed  discrepancy  between  the  Myrbach 
drawings  and  the  text,  your  correspondent 
asks  :  "  When  were  Jack's  curls  cut  off  ?  5T 

Was  it  not  a  gradual  process  ? 

After  the  child's  escape  from  the  Gymnase 
Moronval,  and  his  establishment  with  his 
mother  and  d' Argent  on  at  Etiolles,  there  is 
this  further  reference  to  them  on  the 
occasion  of  the  invitation  to  breakfast  by 
Madame  Rivals  :  "  Charlotte  rougit  de 
plaisir,  renoua  la  cravate  de  F  enfant,  fit 
bouffer  ses  beaux  cheveux.  ..."  (p.  244). 

When  the  scene  changes  to  Indret,  "  apres 
les  deux  annees  de  liberte  et  de  plein  air  qu'il 
venait  de  passer  aux  Aulnettes  "  (p.  312), 
author  and  artist  are  at  one  :  "  Ses  cheveux 
blonds,  quoique  coupes.  ..." 

My  copy  bears  the  Flammarion  imprint 
(Collection  Guillaume),  and  is  dated  Paris, 
1889.  HUGH  HARTING. 

46  Grey  Coat  Gardens,  S.W.I. 


220 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  AUG.,  1919. 


r  BOWSHOT  :  THE  LONGEST  (12  S.  v.  180).— 
The  subjoined  excerpts  from  an  article  in 
The  Manchester  Guardian  of  July,  1905, 
may  be  of  interest  to  COL.  SOUTHAM  :  — 

"  '  An  arrow  from  a  Turkish  Bow  '  has  long  been 
a  poetical  illustration  of  great  speed.  The  recent 
announcement  of  Sir  Ralph  Payne  Gallwey's 
remarkable  shot  with  his  ancient  Turkish  bow 
may  be  taken  to  confirm  the  poet's  opinion.  Sir 
Ralph  Payne  Gallwey's  arrow  has  gone  further 
than  any  known  have  been  shot  by  an  Englishman 
in  recent  times.  Shooting  at  the  new  French  golf 
links  of  Le  Tpuquet,  he  covered  a  distance  of  367 
yards  with  his  best  arrow.  There  seems  to  be 
some  doubt  whether  Sir  Ralph  Payne  Gallwey's 
shot  can  be  claimed  as  a  '  record.'  Robin  Hood's 
celebrated  shot  of  '  two  North-country  miles  and 
an  inch '  has  probably  been  exaggerated  by  the 
chronicler  ;  indeed  it  is  hinted  that  the  phrase  of 
'  drawing  the  long  bow '  derived  its  esoteric 
meaning  from  the  manner  in  which  archers  used 
to  describe  their  feats.  We  do  not  know  whether 
Sir  Arthur Conan  Doyle  in  '  The  White  Company' 
has  authority  for  the  skill  with  which  Hordle  John 
used  to  cover  a  mile  in  three  arrow-flights  by 
sitting  down  and  drawing  the  bow  \yith  his  feet, 
converting  himself,  in  fact,  into  a  kind  of  human 
cross-bow.  Ascham,  with  all  his  entertaining  lore, 
omits  to  mention  the  distance  to  which  an  arrow 
could  be  sent  ;  but  Neade,  a  famous  archer  under 
Charles  I.,  states  that  the  ordinary  range  of  the 
bow  was  from  320  to  400  yards.  The  longest  shot 
authentically  recorded  in  this  country  is  that  of 
a  secretary  of  the  Turkish  Embassy  who  in  1794 
shot  an  arrow  463  yards  with  the  wind,  and  416 
against  it,  in  the  presence  of  members  of  the  Royal 
Toxophilite  Society,  who  measured  the  distance 
and  preserved  the  arrow." 

Like  Ascham,  Hargrove  ('  Anecdotes  of 
Archery,'  1845),  "with  all  his  entertaining 
lore,"  is  guilty  of  a  similar  omission  as 
regards  the  distance  of  an  arrow's  flight, 
mentioning  only  the  modern  average  of 
100  yards.  The  famous  and  hitherto  un- 
beaten record  of  1794  could  not  be  chronicled 
by  him  as  his  '  Anecdotes  '  end  with  the 
year  1791.  I  may  add,  further,  that  very 
curiously  Hordle  John's  feat  is  paralleled 
by  a  tradition,  according  to  an  eighteenth- 
century  writer  in  '  Archseologia,'  that 

"an  attorney  of  Wigan  named  Leigh  shot  a  mile  in 
three  flights.  He  is  supposed  to  have  sat  on  a  stool, 
the  middle  of  the  bow  being  fastened  to  one  of  his 
feet ;  to  have  elevated  that  foot  forty-five  degrees 
and  drawn  the  string  of  a  strong  bow  with  both  his 
hands." 

One  wonders  whether  this  tradition  is  the 
basis  of  Hordle  John's  exploit. 

J.  B.  McGovERN. 
St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

The  long  distance  bowshot  of  236  yards 
7  feet  (sic)  made  in  1794,  was  not  the  record 
bowshot  made  up  to  1913.  In  '  Archery,' 
by  C.  J.  Longman  and  others  (Badminton 
Library)  many  instances  of  long  distance 


shooting  are  given,  all  exceeding  the  above 
A  bowshot  of  360  yards  was  made  by  £ 
Mr.  Rawson,  who  died  in  1794,  and  ir 
1798  Mr.  Troward  made  a  shot  of  34( 
yards,  using  a  self-bow  pulling  63  Ibs. 
and  flight  j  arrows  29  inches  long.  It  i< 
said  of  these  two  instances  of  distance 
shooting  that  they  had  not  been  surpassec 
for  at  least  a  century  or  two  previously 
Mr.  Horace  Ford  in  1856  shot  an  arro\* 
308  yards,  his  bow  being  a  68  lb*.  self-yew 
G.  A.  Hansard's  '  Book  of  Archery  '  (1841) 
states  that  by  Act  of  Parliament  (3, 
Henry  VIII.  c.  9),  "  No  person  above  the 
said  age  of  24  years,  shall  shoot  at  anj 
mark  of  eleven  score  yards  or  under,  wit! 
any  prick  shaft  or  flight,  under  the  pain  tc 
forfeit  for  every  shoot,  six  shillings  anc 
eight  pence."  In  those  days  236  yards  wa? 
evidently  no  great  distance. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

Mahmood  Effendij,  in  1795,  shooting  witl: 
a  Turkish  bow,  discharged  an  arrow  482 
yards.  Mr.  Troward,  with  (?)  an  English 
bow,  in  1798,  discharged  an  arrow  340  yards 
(See  '  Record  of  Sports,'  published  by  the 
Royal  Insurance  Co.,  Ltd.,  May,  1914,  p.  26 
where  other  lesser  records  will  be  found. 

HUGH  S.  GLADSTONE. 

Capenoch,  Thornhill,  Dumfriesshire. 

[MR.  W.  A.  HUTCHISON  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

KELLOND  SURNAME  (12  S.  v.  154,  189).— 
Kellond  is  probably  a  variation  of  Kelland. 
a  place-name  (according  to  R.  S.  Charnoek, 
'  Patronymica  Cornu-Britannica  ')  in  Trigg 
Hundred,  Cornwall,  "  perhaps  etymologicallj 
connected  with  Helland  or  the  same  name 
as  Kellan,  q.v.  Kil  is  a  neck  or  promontory 
and  kelin  a  holly-tree."  "  Kellan,  this  name 
may  be  from  Ian,  the  church,  or  place  en- 
closed with  a  hedge."  Bannister,  '  Glossary 
of  Cornish  Names,'  gives  :  "  Kelland  ?  grove, 
enclosure  (Ian),  or  church." 

Hence  Kelland  may  be  from  two  Cornish 
words  :  kel,  grove  ;  Ian,  church.  But  it  is  tc 
be  remembered  that  Celtic  custom  in  place- 
names  puts  the  substantive  first  and  the 
qualifying  words  after  ;  e.g.,  pen  maen  maun 
is  hill,  stone,  great.  The  English  idiom 
would  be  great  stone  hill.  So  Kellan(d) 
would  be  in  English  Church  Grove,  i.e.,  the 
grove  by  the  church,  not  Grove  Church,  the 
church  by  the  grove. 

Kellan  might  assume  the  d  either  in- 
trusively— as  Simonds  for  Simons,  Dymond 
for  Dyman,  Dayman,  Dairyman  ;  or  from 
the  irrepressible  desire  of  copyists  to  make 
sense  out  of  what  they  do  not  understand, 


12S.V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


221 


eo  Diamond  for  a  fresh  corruption  of 
Dymond.  A  word  ending  in  -land  would 
have  some  dim  suggestion  of  sense  to  an 
Englishman — Ian  would  be  quite  unmeaning. 
If  these  two  variations  are  accepted, 
Kellond  as  surname  would  signify  that  the 
originator  of  the  name  came  from  Kelland  in 
Cornwall,  a  place-name  equivalent  to  Church 
Grove.  (Rev.)  F.  J.  ODELL,  RN. 

Some  references  to  Kelland  of  Kelland  in 
Lapford,  co.  Devon,  and  of  other  places  in 
the  same  county  may  be  found  in  the 
Bibliographical  Collections  of  the  Devon- 
shire Association.  M. 

GEORGE  WASHINGTON'S  WEALTH  (12  S. 
v.  94). — This  was  undoubtedly  very  great. 
His  half-brother  Lawrence  left  Mount  Vernon 
to  him  ;  while  his  marriage  increased  his 
property  by  some  $100,000 — "  making  him 
one  of  the  richest  men  in  the  Colonies." 
Was  the  source  of  some  of  his  wealth  the 
eternal  land  speculation  ? 

His  biographer  writes  in  the  'Encyclopaedia 
Britannica  '  of  the  very  outset  of  his  career  : 

"  He  always  retained  a  disposition  to  speculate 
in  Western  lands,  the  ultimate  value  of  which  he 
early  appreciated  ;  many  of  his  later  investments 
of  this  character  are  treated  in  C.  W.  Butterfield's 
'  Washington-Crawford  Letters  '  (1877)." 

The  fact  that  he  refused  all  salary  musl 
of  course  have  contributed  to  the  idea  o: 
great  wealth.  GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

TILLY  KETTLE  (12  S.  v.   154,  189).— MR 
LANDFEAR  LUCAS  will  find  full  particulars  ir 
Bryan's    '  Dictionary   of   Painters   and  En 
gravers  '    (ed.    1886,    p.    728),    and    in    the 
'  Catalogue     of    the    Pictures    in    Alleyn's 
College   of   God's   Gift   at   Dulwich,'    where 
there  are  two  portraits  (Nos.  582,  583) 
him. 

The  large  picture  mentioned  by  Bryan  a 
having  been  exhibited  at  the  Academy  in 
1781,  is  described  in  The  Gentleman's  Maga 
zine  for  1786,  pt.  ii.  p.  1145,  as  of  the  Shah 
Allum,  the  Great  Mogul,  reviewing  the  Eas 
India  Company's  troops  at  Allahabad  ;  am 
it  is  therein  stated  that  the  picture  was,  ir 
1786,  at  Busbridge  House,  near  Godalming 

I  take  a  personal  interest  in  this  pictur 
because  a  kinsman  of  mine  appeared  in  it 
He  was  William  Denman,  Brigade  Major  t 
Sir  Robert  Barker,  the  Commander-in-Chief 
and,  as  the  said  William  Denman  died  before 
Mar.  23,  1777,  the  picture  must  have  been 
painted   before   Tilly   Kettle's   return   from 
India  in  1776.     Where  is  it  now  ? 

ARTHUR  DENMAN,  F.S.A. 

12  Harley  Gardens,  S.W.10. 


In  the  obituary  of  the  Gent.  Mag.  for 
)ec.,  1786,  occurs  the  following  :  — 

"Lately,  on  his  way  to  Bengal,  Tilly  Kettle, 
sq. — His  abilities  as  an  artist  could  only  be  ex- 
eeded  by  his  virtues  as  a  man.  Society  loses  a 
tost  amiable  member,  and  his  family  and  friends 

man  endued  with  every  virtue,  which  rendered 
im  highly  respected,  while  living,  and  deservedly 
amented.  A  large  piece  by  him  of  Sir  Robert 
barker  and  other  officers  having  audience  of  the 
^abob,  is  at  Busbridge  house,  whither  he  lately 
ent  a  large  picture  of  ihe  mother  and  her  seven 
hildren  martyred  by  Antiochus." 

The  Scots  Mag.  dates  his  death  in  Nov. 
786.  W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

PROCLAMATION  STONES  (12  S.  v.  178). — 
Joyce's  '  A  Social  History  of  Ancient 
"reland,'  vol.  i.  p.  45,  gives  the  following  :  — 

"Each  tribe  used  an  inauguration  stone  —  a 
ustom  common  also  among  the  Celts  of  Scotland. 
Some  of  the  inauguration  stones  had  the  impression 
of  two  feet,  popularly  believed  to  be  the  exact  size 
of  the  feet  of  the  first  chief  of  the  tribe  who  took 
3ossession  of  the  territory.  Sometimes  there  was 
a  stone  chair,  on  which  the  king  sat  during  a  part 
of  the  ceremony." 

The  laws  were  recited  and  the  chief  swore  to  • 
observe  them.  Plutarch  ('  Solon,'  25)  tells 
how  the  thesmothetae  at  Athens  swore  to 
observe  the  laws  at  a  stone  in  the  market- 
place. Sir  J.  G.  Frazer  regards  the  stability 
of  great  stones  as  the  secret  of  their  efficacy 
in  such  rites.  The  stone  at  Tara  uttered  a 
roar  when  a  king  of  the  old  Milerian  race 
stood  on  it,  which  would  no  doubt  enhance 
the  efficacy.  G.  G.  L. 

ANGUISH  STREET  (12  S.  v.  122,  165, 
194). — A  Thomas  Anguish  of  Great  Rusrell 
Street,  Bloomsbury,  purchased  the  Manor  of  " 
Oulton  High  House,  with  lands,  &c.,  in 
Oulton  and  Lowest  oft  (deeds  dated  Dec.  21 
and  22,  1772)  from  Delme  Van  Heythuson. 
Anguish  held  his  first  court  the  following 
year.  He  by  his  will  dated  Sept.  3,  1784, 
directed  his  trustees  and  executors,  Sir 
William  Henry  Ashurst,  Kt.,  and  John  Hare, 
to  sell  the  same.  This  they  did  in  1789  by 
deeds  dated  Sept.  1  and  2  in  that  year. 
They  conveyed  the  Manor,  &c.,  to  Susanna 
Blackwell,  then  of  Normanston  House.  The  - 
description  of  the  property  conveyed  was  :  — 

"The  Manor   or  Lordship  of   Oulton,  and  the 
capital    mansion    or    manor    house  called    Oulton 

High   House,  etc and  certain   lands  in    Oulton 

and  Lowestoft Oulton  Broad  and  Fishings,  and 

all  wastes,  court-leets,  courts-baron,  view  of  frank- 
pledge,  and  rights,  royalties,  and  appurtenances 
except  the  advowson." 

Susanna  Blackwellfheld  her  first  court  in 
1793.  4  H.  W.  B.  WAYMAN. 

12A  Avenue  Chambers,  4  Vernon  Place,  W.C.I. 


222 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  AUG.,  1919. 


THE  MILLION  BANK  (12  S.  v.  lSl).—The 
Gentleman's  Magazine  and  London  Magazine 
both  record  the  death  on  Dec.  13,  1765,  of 
Nathl.  Neale,  Clerk  of  Guy's  Hospital 
(which  post  he  held  in  1750),  and  Secretary 
to  the  Million  Bank.  His  name  appears  as 
such  in  the  Court  and  City  Register  for 
1759  and  1764,  p.  253,  where  appears  a  list 
of  the  twenty -four  "  Directors  of  the 
Million  Bank  (office,  Nagg's  Head  Court, 
Gracechurch  Street),"  in  alphabetical  order, 
including  two  M.Ps.,  Sir  Richard  Glyn, 
Bart.,  and  Sir  W.  Beauchamp  Proctor, 
Bart.,  and  such  other  (then)  well-known 
city  merchants  and  bankers  as  Bibye  Lake, 
Joseph  Martin,  and  Lee  Steere.  It  follows 
the  Bank  of  England,  East  India,  South  Sea, 
and  Hudson's  Bay  Companies,  and  im- 
mediately precedes  the  Insurance  Com- 
panies. In  1793  it  is  given  under  the 
heading  of  "  Trading  Companies,"  and 
before  the  separate  "  List  of  London 
Bankers,"  and  I  should  imagine  it  was  more 
of  a  trading  than  a  banking  institution.  It 
disappeared  before  1798. 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

The  following  extract  is  taken  from 
Lawson's  '  History  of  Banking  '  (1850)  :  — 

"  About  the  latter  end  of  1693  there  appeared  a 
scheme  for  a  bank,  commonly  called  'The  Million 
Bank.'  It  took  its  rise  from  a  number  of  London 
bankers,  who  lent  out  money  on  pledges,  agreeing 
to  purchase  tickets  in  King  William's  Million 
Lottery,  and  from  thence  they  were  called  '  The 
Company  of  the  Million  Bank.'  This  bank  was 
finally  established,  and  its  affairs  were  conducted 
by  a  Board  of  Directors,  consisting  of  twenty-four 
members,  including  a  Governor  and  Deputy- 
Governor;  they  subsequently  purchased  '  many 
reversions  of  the  Fourteen  per  Cent,  annuities,  and 
permitted  many  proprietors  of  annuities  to  pur- 
chase their  joint  stock,  which  amounted  to£500,000. 
They  were  a  partnership  by  deed,  enrolled  in 
Chancery,  with  a  joint  stock  fund." 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

I  would  suggest  a  search  at  the  Public 
Record  Office,  Chancery  Lane. 

GEORGE  SHERWOOD. 

'MR.  HOWARD,'  PORTRAIT  OF  (12  S. 
iv.  18). — I  do  not  know  whether  this  can  be 
a  portrait  of  John  Howard  the  philan- 
thropist. I  have  a  stipple  (17  in.  by  13  in.) 
representing  the  philanthropist,  sitting  in.  a 
chair,  holding  a  scroll  in  one  hand,  marked 
"  Plan  of  Laenrettos."  It  was  engraved  by 
Edmund  Scott  from  a  portrait  by  Mather 
Brom.  He  is  dressed  in  the  prevailing  style. 

I  have  also  a  pastel  (full  length)  not 
named,  but  ,  showing  what  is  supposed  to 
be  Howard,  sitting  in  a  chair,  by  a  table,  on 


which  is  a  MS.  relating  to  Prisons.  He  hole 
in  one  hand  a  MS.  of  pome  size.  It  is  a 
oval  about  27  in.  by  20  in.,  beautiful! 
coloured — artist  unknown. 

HOWARD  EDWARDS. 
2026  Mt.  Vernon  Street,  Philadelphia. 

PROVERB  :  "  LET  THE  WEAKEST  GO  i 
THE  WALL"  (12  S.  v.  177). — The  quotatic 
from  the  Rev.  George  Miller's  book  wf 
given  at  US.  x.  78.  The  period  to  whic 
the  author  refers  is  not  clear,  but  one  ma 
suppose  that  it  was  not  earlier  than  1540. 

W.  Carew  Hazlitt  in  his  '  English  Pr< 
verbs,'  editions  1882  and  1907.  writes  s.v 
"  The  weakest  goeth  to  the  wall," 

"  The  title  of  a  play  printed  1600  and  1618.  Bi 
in  Scogin's  Je*t*,  first  published  in  1540,  the  phras 
is,  Even  the  weakest  is  thrust  to  the  wall.... 
Tuvill,  in  his  Kxxay*  Morali  and  The.oloyicall,  160! 
p.  187,  speaks  of  this  as  That  common  Proverbe  < 
our  owne. 

"  Sampson.  I  will  take  the  wall  of  any  man  ( 
maide  of  the  Mountagues. 

"  Qregorie.  That  shewes  thee  a  weake  slaue,  fc 
the  weakest  goes  to  the  wall. — Romeo  and  Jidie 
edit.  1599,  sign.  A3." 

Probably  Hazlitt  quotes  David  Erskin 
Baker's  '  Biograhhia  Dramatica '  (2nd  ed. 
vol.  ii.  p.  400,  a?  to  the  play,  entitled  '  Th 
Weakest  goeth  to  the  Wall,'  where  it  i 
said  to  be  "  Anonymous.  Acted  by  th 
Earl  of  Oxford,  Lord  Chamberlain  of  En£ 
land's  servants,  4to,  1600,  4to,  1G18.  Tb 
scene  is  laid  in  Burgundy." 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

DICKENS' s  TOPOGRAPHICAL  SLIPS  (12  S 
v.  37,  136,  164,  187).— I  have  no  wish  to  b 
hypercritical,  but  the  evidence  of  structure 
changes  at  Child's  ("  Tellson's  ")  Bank  is  ver 
definite,  and  the  late  Mr.  Hilton  Price  mug 
be  the  preferred  authority  on  all  relating  t 
the  bank  and  the  changes  in  its  appearance 

The  allusion  in  the  novel  to  the  cheques  i 
haphazard  because  it  suggests  they  wei 
then  in  common  use.  The  whole  graphi 
reference  to  the  bank  is  strictly  in  accor 
with  its  appearance,  customs,  and  tradition 
when  the  novelist  saw  it  ;  but  he  is  at  fau] 
in  pre-dating  all  these  suggestions  of  ag 
fifty  or  sixty  years. 

I  derive  some  satisfaction  in  having  re 
ceived  useful  comment  from  MR.  \\ 
COURTHORPE  FORMAN. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

BOULOGNE  :  REGISTERS  AND  EPITAPH; 
&c.  (12  S.  v.  181). — In  answer  to  the  quer 
initialled  J.  W.  F.  I  am  directed  to  say  thf 
this  Society  has  in  its  Great  Index  copic 
of  the  M.I.  at  Boulogne,  transcribed  b 


12  S.  V.  AUG.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


223 


ol.  Newport -Tinley,  a  late  valued  member 
'  this  Society.  So  far  as  we  know  these 
we  not  been  printed. 

A.  E.  ROWAN,  Secretary. 
Society  of  Genealogists  of  London, 
5  Bloomsbury  Square,  W.C.I. 

The  late  Col.  Newport-Tinley  transcribed 
>r  the  Society  of  Genealogists  the  English 
iscrlptions  at  Boulogne  (Cimitiere  de 
Est),  and  also  those  at  Caen  (see  the 
Dciety'  s  Annual  Report,  1913,  p.  17). 
hey  are  embodied  in  our  Consolidated 
idex,  to  which  Col.  Newport  -  Tinley  con- 
.•ibuted  well  over  100,000  index-slips.  The 
ociety  will  be  glad  to  send  a  copy  of  this 
Report  or  any  other  (1911-18),  to  J.  W.  F. 
v  others  interested  in  such  matters. 

GEORGE  SHERWOOD. 

The  .late  Col.  G.  F.  Newport-Tinley,  C.B., 
stracted  the  list  of  tombs  from  the  records 
E  the  Vice-Consulate  at  Boulogne.  This 
st  was  sent  to  the  consul  at  Boulogne  by 
tie  Maire  on  Jan.  17,  1851,  and  was  printed 
i  The  British  Archivist  for  November,  1913, 
ages  71-74.  A.  H.  W.  FYNMORE. 

Tarrant  Street,  Arundel. 

AUTHOR  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTRD  (12  S.  v.  183). — 

3.  See  4  The  Old  Pindaree,'  in  the  late  Sir  Alfred 
yall's  'Verses  Written  in  India.'  C.  L.  S. 


0n 


Supplement  to  the  Letters  of  Horace  Walpo1< 
Chronologically  Arranged  and  Edited,  with 
Notes  and  Indexes,  by  Paget  Toynbee,  D.Litt. 
2  vols.  (Oxford  University  Press,  17s.  net.) 
LS  a  letter-writer  Horace  Walpole  is  in  the  first 
ank,  and,  like  Edward  FitzGerald,  he  spent  the 
'est  part  of  his  energies  on  his  correspondents. 
f  he  was  particular  about  the  fortunes  of  his 
otters,  his  wishes  could  not  have  been  more 
mply  observed  than  by  Mrs.  Paget  Toynbee, 
*hose  masterly  edition  of  the  '  Letters  of  Horace 
Valpole  '  now  receives  a  '  Supplement  '  in  two 
olumes  which  is  a  marvel  of  accuracy  and  precise 
esearch.  The  larger  portion  of  the  second 
olume  is  occupied  with  additions  and  corrections 
o  the  long  row  of  Mrs.  Toynbee's  volumes, 
allowed  by  a  list  of  missing  letters,  and  '  Supple- 
lentary  Addenda.'  We  congratulate  Dr.  Paget 
'onybee  on  the  successful  completion  of  what 
lust  have  been  a  labour  of  love.  The  new 
olumes  were  delayed  by  the  War,  and  we  welcome 
hem  as  one  of  the  signs  of  returning  civilization. 
lorace  Walpole,  though  a  petit  maitre,  is  a  master 
u  his  way,  and  deserves  the  care  bestowed  upon 
dm.  There  is  not  much  editing  work  of  this 
inal  quality  about,  but  all  lovers  of  letters  must 
vish  for  more  of  it  in  a  period  largely  devoted  to 
econd-rate  writing  and  slack  printing. 


A  main  source  of  Dr.  Toynbee's  new  material 
has  been  the  Waller  Collection,  which  is  likely, 
we  learn,  to  supply  us  with  two  further  volumes  of 
matter  Walpole  had  gathered  "  for  illustration." 
Bored  by  politics,  unattracted  by  relatives,  he 
lived  for  his  own  treasures  and  the  company  of  his 
choice,  both  within  easy  reach.  Like  Horace, 
when  he  avoided  the  boro,  he  was  always 
Nescio  quid  meditans  nugarum  et  totus  in  illis." 
In  the  correspondence  before  us  there  is  much  of 
interest.  The  letters  to  Madame  du  Deffand  are 
now  complete,  and  represent  one  of  the  writer's 
firmest  allies.  The  lady,  even  when  old  and  blind, 
was  so  active  and  relentless  a  seeker  after 
intellectual  and  social  pleasures  as  to  be  somewhat 
of  a  trial  to  Walpole  in  Paris.  At  home  he  had  to 
protest  against  her  lachrymose  fears  of  losing  his 
friendship  ;  but  usually  his  letters  are  gay  enough , 
full  of  scandal,  epigram  and  criticism.  He  is 
bored  with  Montaigne,  but  able  to  recommend  the 
wit  of  George  Selwyn  ;  he  discusses  the  merits  of 
'  The  Castle  of  Otranto  '  and  affirms  the  opinion 
he  expressed  in  the  preface  to  the  second  edition 
of  the  French  translation  that  "  Shakespeare  a 
beaucoup  plus  d'esprit  que  Voltaire."  Voltaire 
was  vexed,  of  course.  The  notes  below  the  page 
give  us  some  of  Madame  du  Deffand's  replies. 
They  both  agreed  in  regarding  "  common  sense  " 
as  a  guide  of  life.  But  what  has  "  common 
sense  "  to  do  with  the  collection  of  scandal, 
antiquities,  and  the  writing  of  elaborately  polished 
correspondence  ?  Three  letters  to  a  forgotten 
dramatist,  Robert  Jephson,  contain  some  in- 
teresting views  on  tragedy.  Walpole's  own  verse 
is  negligible,  but  he  did  much  to  bring  Gray 
forward.  That  Walpole  could  treat  a  difficult 
relative  with  every  care  that  consideration  and 
good  sense  could  suggest  is  shown  by  his  letters 
to  his  brother  concerning  their  mad  nephew. 
He  writes  :  "  I  have  ever  wished  to  serve  and  save 
my  nephew.  I  have  wished  to  save  and  restore 
the  family."  All  this  unhappy  business  showed 
him  as  very  far  from  an  elegant  trifler.  His  com- 
pliments to  all  kinds  of  correspondents  strike  one 
nowadays  as  boringly  elaborate.  We  prefer  his 
epistles  to  familiar  friends.  His  interests  in 
pictures  and  antiquities  are  incessant,  and  varied 
by  news  of  the  Court.  To  ladies  he  is  always 
courtly.  His  single  letter  to  Miss  Bumey  begins  : 
"  Humility  modest  and  beautiful  as  yours, 
madam,  could  alone  make  you  express  yourself 
to  me  in  terms  that  make  me  ashamed  ;  and  I 
should  be  twenty  times  more  ashamed  both  of 
my  heart  and  taste,  were  I  capable  of  forgetting 
so  much  virtue,  sense,  and  genius  as  Miss 
Burney's."  A  leisurely  world,  indeed,  when  there 
was  time  to  begin  a  letter  with  so  much  padding  ! 
A  few  choice  illustrations  complete  the  two 
volumes.  The  prettiest  is  a  miniature  of  Walpole 
as  a  little  boy,  dressed  in  great  style  and  even  *^t 
that  age  looking  a  little  complacent. 


WARWICKSHIRE  RECORDS. 

IT  has  been  suggested  that  a  society  (to  be  called 
the  Dugdale  Sociei.y)  should  be  formed  for  the  pub- 
lication of  manuscript  material  throwing  light  on 
the  history,  topography,  and  antiquities  of  the 
county  of  Warwick.  Though  there  is  a  vast  mass 
of  unprinted  matter  of  the  highest  importance  in 
various  public  and  private  collections,  Warwick- 
shire is  far  behind  other  counties  in  making  its 


224 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          112  s.  v.  A™.,  in 


ancient  records  accessible  to  the  general  reader.  It 
is  requested  that  anyone  interested  in  this  matter, 
who  would  assist  in  the  formation  of  such  a  Society, 
should  communicate  with  one  of  the  undersigned  : — 
M.  DORMER  HARRIS,  16  Gaveston  Road,  Leaming- 
ton :  FREDK.  C.  WELLSTOOD,  Shakespeare's  Birth- 
place, Stratford-upon-Avon. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. 

WE  have  just  received  from  Messrs.  Maggs  Bros, 
another  of  their  fine  Catalogues,  namely,  No.  380, 
entitled  '  Manuscripts  and  Early  Printed  Books.' 
This  profusely  illustrated  Catalogue  contains  36 
full-page  reproductions  of  items  therein.  It  is 
divided  into  four  parts  :  Part  I.  Manuscripts ; 
Part  II.  Incunables ;  Part  III.  Illustrated  Books 
of  the  Sixteenth  Century ;  Part  IV.  Aldine  Press, 
and  other  Rare  Books  or  the  Sixteenth  Century. 

One  of  the  most  interesting  manuscripts  is  doubt- 
less a  French  Bible,  in  3  vols.,  written  on  parchment, 
and  richly  illuminated,  which  comes  from  the 
library  of  Diana  de  Poitier.  Diana  de  Poitier  was 
the  contemporary  and  perhaps  the  rival  of  Grolier 
as  a  book  collector.  It  was  the  suggestion  of  Diana 
de  Poitier  that  one  copy  of  every  book  to  which  the 
royal  privilege  was  extended  should  be  printed  on 
vellum  and  handsomely  bound,  and  deposited  in  the 
Royal  library.  This  edict  was  issued  by  Henry  II. 
in  1556,  but  Diana  was  assuredly  at  the  bottom 
of  it.  Several  reproductions  from  this  manuscript 
are  given,  showing  us  how  interesting  the 
French  art  of  the  middle  of  the  fifteenth  cen- 
tury was.  It  is  a  curious  fact  that  both  the  arms 
of  Aymar  de  Poitier,  the  grandfather  of  Diana 
de  Poitier,  and  Diana  de  Poitier's  arms  are 
to  be  found  on  most  of  the  miniatures,  including 
the  motto  "  Et  puis  hola."  An  English  Manuscript 
Chronicle,  writteu  by  an  English  scribe,  upon  a 
roll  of  vellum,  measuring  20ft.  5  in.  long  by  12  in. 
wide,  with  illuminated  border  and  ornamental 
genealogical  tree,  is  a  valuable  early  historical 
manuscript.  It  was  presumably  completed  before 
1465,  the  year  in  which  King  Edward  IV.  was 
married  to  Elizabeth  Woodvill.  Another  Chronicle 
of  Kneland,  written  in  French  by  an  English 
scribe  of  the  fourteenth  century,  appears  at  item 
1682,  arid  is  a  French  version  of  Le  Brut,  similar  to 
that  in  the  British  Museum.  Item  1691  of  the 
Catalogue  is  a  Twelfth-Century  Medical  Manu- 
script, also  written  by  an  English  scribe,  in  Latin, 
in  the  first  half  of  the  twelfth  century  in 
England,  on  vellum.  This  must  be  of  high  im- 
portance to  a  student  in  medicine. 

Many  important  manuscripts  with  miniatures 
complete  Part  I.  of  the  Catalogue. 

Time  and  space  prevent  our  dealing  at  present 
with  the  other  three  Parts,  but  we  propose  to 
comment  upon  them  in  our  next  issue. 

MESSRS.  MYERS  &  Co.,  59  High  Holborn,have 
issued  a  Clearance  Catalogue  of  Scarce  and  Interest- 
ing Books,  Autograph  Letters,  &c,,  containing  a 
number  of  items  relating  to  America  ;  the  Edition 
de  Luxe  of  the  Lea  and  Dove  Edition  of  Walton's 
Angler  in  morocco  extra,  Ql.  6s.  ;  Sir  H.  Wotton's 
Elements  of  Architecture,  1624,  4Z.  15s.;  Sanderus's 
Chorographia  Sacra  Brabantise,  1659-95,  41.  4s. ; 
Book  of  Common  Prayer,  with  arms  of  Charles  I. 
on  sides,  4L  10s.  ;  Dickens's  Oliver  Twist,  first  octavo 
edition,  original  cloth,  51.  10s. ;  Koempher's  Japan, 
1727,  51.  10s. ;  Pettus  on  Metals,  1683,  4Z.  4s. ;  Tom 


Brown's  Works,  1730,  2Z.  2s  ;  Churchill's  Poe 
first  collected  edition,  1763-65.  in  a  beautiful  C 
temporary  English  binding,  Ul.  ;  Milton's  Para< 
Regained,  1671,  very  fine  copy  of  the  first  edit: 
211. ;  Prelleur's  Modern  Music  Master,  the  very  i 
first  edition  of  1730,  SI.  8s. ;  Complete  set  of  Catl 
Indian  Portfolio,  1844,  181.  10s. ;  a  number  of 
old  morocco  bindings,  and  many  scarce  and  ou 
the  way  items  relating  to  Freemasonry,  Irela 
Law,  Medicine,  Shakespeariana,  &c.,  &c.  Man 
the  works  in  this  catalogue  come  from  the 
family  library  of  the  Cotton  family  at  Comberm 
and  have  either  their  arms  on  the  sides,  or 
armorial  bookplate  inside  the  covers. 


CSbituarn. 

RICHARD   WELFORD. 

THE  death  of  Mr.  Richard  Welford,  M.A. 
Gosforth.  near  Newcastle-upon-Tyne,  on  June 
last,  at  the  age  of  83  years,  removes  from  amor 
us  an  old  and  valued  contributor  to  '  N.  & 
His  first  contribution  was  sent  in  Janui 
1891,  his  last  in  1915.  Durine:  the  interver 
years  he  sent  about  two  hundred  and  fourt 
separate  contributions  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  Mr.  V 
ford  was  a  native  of  Upper  Hollowav,  but  • 
brought  up  in  the  village  of  Hadderiham, 
Buckinghamshire.  He  went  to  Newcastle  in  1! 
a  little  while  before  he  reached  the  age  of  18  yei 
and  resided  there  for  the  rest  of  his  life.  Aft< 
very  strenuous  ten  years'  apprenticeship  to  j< 
nalism  and  literary  work  generally,  which  star 
on  the  lowest  rung  of  the  ladder,  he  adopte< 
commercial  career.  In  this  he  was  highly  succ' 
ful  ;  but  it  is  by  his  labours  as  an  historian 
antiquary,  a  biographer,  and  a  bibliographer  t 
he  is  best  known.  His  chief  works  are  '  A  Hist 
of  the  Parish  of  Gosforth,'  1879;  'A  Descripi 
and  Historical  Account  of  the  Monuments  in 
Church  of  St.  Nicholas,  Newcastle-npon-Ty: 
1880;  'History  of  Newcastle  and  Gateshead  in 
Fourteenth,  Fifteenth,  Sixteenth,  and  Seventee 
Centuries,'  1884-7 ;  '  Men  of  Mark  'Twixt  T 
and  Tweed.'  1895  ;  '  Early  Newcastle  Typograp 
&c.  An  obituary  notice  o/  Mr.  Welford  was  r 
at  the  July  meeting  of  the  Newcastle  Society 
Antiquaries  bv  Mr.  John  Oxberry,  who  said  t 
when  Mr.  Welford  passed  away  the  North  of  5 
land  saw  the  end  of  an  eminently  useful  career, 
the  friends  who  knew  him  bade  farewell  t 
charming  personality. 


ON  all  communications  must  be  written  the  n« 
and  address  of  the  sender,  not  necessarily  for  r, 
lication,  but  as  a  guarantee  of  good  faith. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  pri  vat 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  &nsv 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  que 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  vs 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  meam 
disposing  of  them. 

CORRIGENDA. —  C' Three  Black  Crows'):  A\ 
p.  160.  col.  1,  1.  28  from  foot,  J.  G.  T.  Grosse  she 
be  "Grasae."  —  ("  Scotchman's  Post "):  p.! 
col.  1,  1.  17 from  foot,  Arran  should  be  "Annan. 


12  8.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


225 


LONDON,  SEPTEMBER,  1919 


CONTENTS. —No.  96. 

NOTES  :  —Cyril  Tourneur  :  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  '  : 
« The  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy.'  225— Pyrgo  Park  and  Old 
Bow  Bridge,  229 -Swift  and  Mrs.  Oldfield,  230— Diirer  : 
Wilibald  Pirkheinaer  —  Gunnersbury  :  Buislip,  231— The 
Puritan  and  his  Cat—"  Man  proposes,  God  disposes  "— 
Sir  Richard  Phillips  —  Mrs.  Susan  Cromwell,  232  — Mrs. 
Grundy  —  Roger  de  Gloucester  in  •  Domesday  '  — 
"Topping"  :  "  Top-hole  "  —  Sundial  Motto  in  Savoy- 
Francis  Place,  Political  Economist,  333-Official  Peace 
Rejoicings,  334. 

QUERIES  :- Emerson's  '  English  Traits  '—Wordsworth: 
•The  Excursion,'  234— Richard  Challoner— Dennis  the 
Hangman— Oldfield— "  When  you  die  of  old  age,"  235— 
David  M.  Main  — Lucien  Bonaparte  —  Feast  of  the 
Assumption— Mary  Clarke  of  New  York— Marylebone 
Burial  Grounds— Wooden  Pegs  :  Screws— R.  Griffith— 
Maule— Martin— Newton.  R.A.— Crusaders'  Names,  236 
— G.  Dyer  —  '  •  Valhalla  "  —  "  Buffaloes  "  —  J.  Wilson— 
Dr.  Stocks— Cornwall  :  Unwritten  Book— Caractacus— 
Simplon  Tunnel— Richenda — Louisa  spelt  Leweezer — Old 
Watch-  and  Clock-makers—Welsh  Pupils  of  Wilson,  R.  A., 
237— Standard— "  Old  Lady  of  Threadneedle  Street  "— 
Capt.  B.  Grant— Twining-Haynes  Marriage— Shield  of 
Flanders— Moat  Island— Edward  the  Confessor's  Crown 
— "  Episcopus  Recreensis  "—Elephant :  Oliphant— Col. 
Barnard  — Birth  and  Earth  Place-names  —  St.  John 
Baptist  Heads— Poems  Wanted,  238— Authors  of  Quota- 
tions Wanted,  239. 

REPLIES :— Yeoman  of  the  Mouth,  239— Byron's  'Don 
Juan,'  240— William  Hoorde— Etchings  by  T.  Parker- 
Exeter  Cathedral  Epitaph— Joseph  Knibb,  Clockmaker, 
241— Church  of  England  Marriage  Service-Sir  Peter 
Denis,  242  — Devonian  Priests  executed  —  "  Abdolla  "— 
Ambassador,  243— Miss  Helen  Maria  Williams— Manor 
Records,  244— '  Trilby '— R.  S.  Surtees— Jenner  Family- 
Grim  or  Grime— Somerset  Incumbents,  245— Exchange  of 
Souls  in  Fiction— East  Anglian  Characters— Hervey  or 
Hervet  — Bird-scaring  Songs— Philip  Westcott,  246  — 
Heredity:  Long  Hair  — Mrs.  Anne  Button— Cowan— 
St.  Alkelda,  247—'  The  Village  Blacksmith '— "  Argyles  "— 
Rev.  Thomas  Hugo,  248— Turner  Family— Seven  Kings- 
Society  for  Preserving  Memorials  of  the  Dead— Robert- 
son, 249— Dickens's  Topographical  Slips— Metal  Mortars 
—  Inscriptions  in  St.  John's,  Waterloo  Road  — The 
Houghton  Meeting— Portraits  on  Gravestones—  "Pro  pelle 
cutem  "— "  Apochromatic  "—Col.  Colquhoun  Grant,  250. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS :— '  History  of  the  Worshipful  Com- 
pany of  Glaziers  in  the  City  of  London'  —  •  Milton : 
Areopagitica.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues.        Notices  to  Correspondents. 


CYRIL  TOURNEUR: 

'THE  REVENGER'S  TRAGEDY': 

*  THE   SECOND   MAIDEN'S  TRAGEDY. 

THE  only  Elizabethan,  drama  that  bears  on 
its  title-page  the  name  of  Cyril  Tourneur  is 
'  The  Atheist's  Tragedy,  or  The  Honest 
Man's  Revenge,'  printed,  "as  in  divers 
places  it  hath  been  acted,"  in  1611.  Al- 
though Tourneur  is  also  usually  credited 
with  the  authorship  of  '  The  Revenger's 
Tragedy,'  published  anonymously  iu  1607 
and  again  in  1608,  there  has  been  an 
increasing  tendency  to  regard  his  title  to 
this  play  as  doubtful  since  Fleay  questioned 


it  some  thirty  years  ago.  Prof.  F.  E. 
Schelling  remarks  that,  though  consensus 
of  opinion  assigns  it  to  Tourneur,  neither  in 
style  nor  in  characterization  does  '  The 
Revenger's  Tragedy '  resemble  *  The 
Atheist's  Tragedy,'  "  above  which  the  former 
rises  as  far  aesthetically  for  the  living  realism 
of  its  effects,  its  mastery  of  horror,  and  its 
passages  of  poetic  power  as  it  falls  below  the 
well-defined  moral  intent  of  the  earlier  play  " 
('  Elizabethan  Drama,'  vol.  i.  p.  568).  Prof. 
Thorndike  ('  Webster  and  Tourneur,'  Ameri- 
can Book  Company,  1912,  p.  337)  observes 
that  Tourneur' s  authorship  of  the  anonymous 
play  is  "  accepted  rather  than  certain." 
Another  recent  critic,  Mr.  E.  H.  C.  Oliphant, 
emphatically  rejects  its  attribution  to 
Tourneur  :  — 

"  I  cannot,"  he  says,  "  conceive  of  the  two  plays 
as  being  by  the  one  author.  To  accept  Tourneur 
as  the  writer  of  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy '  we 
have  to  suppose  that  he  alone  of  the  Elizabethan 
dramatists  did  not  develop  but  absolutely  revolu- 
tionized his  manner  of  writing...!  know  of  no  one 
among  the  named  writers  of  the  time  to  whom  I 
would  attribute  it,  unless  it  be  to  Middleton,  to 
whose  verse  alone  the  swing  of  the  verse  of  '  The 
Revenger's  Tragedy'  makes  some,approximation... 
I  prefer,  however,  to  consider  '  The  Revenger's 
Tragedy '  as  the  greatest  work  of  its  period  of  that 
prolific  writer  '  Anon.,' and  look  upon  the  establish- 
ment of  the  identity  of  the  author  as  one  of  the 
chief  problems  to  be  tackled  by  students  of  Eliza- 
bethan drama." — '  Problems  of  Authorship  in  Eliza- 
bethan Dramatic  Literature,'  Modern  Philology, 
1911,  vol.  yiii.  pp.  427-8. 

The  doubts  concerning  Tourneur' s  claim 
to  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  '  are  chiefly  due 
to  the  unlikeness  of  its  metrical  system  to 
that  of  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy,''  and  as 
they  have  found  their  way  into  most  of 
the  recent  discussions  of  Tourneur's  work, 
I  determined  to  make  an  effort  to  set 
them  at  rest.  In  this  I  venture  to 
think  that  I  have  been  successful,  having 
discovered  sufficient  internal  evidence  to 
justify  the  traditional  ascription  of  '  The 
Revenger's  Tragedy '  to  the  author  of 
*  The  Atheist's  Tragedy.'  I  have  also  con- 
vinced myself,  and  hope  to  convince  the 
reader,  that  Tourneur  was  the  author  of 
another  anonymous  tragedy  of  this  period 
which  closely  resembles  '  The  Revenger's 
Tragedy  '  both  in  plot  and  technique.  This 
tragedy  is  that  usually  known  as  '  The 
Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  a  title  given  to 
it  by  Sir  George  Buc  because  the  MS.  sub- 
mitted to  him  for  licensing  had  "  no  name 
inscribed."  "This  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy 
(for  it  hath  no  name  inscribed),"  runs  the 
licence,  "  may,  with  the  reformations,  bee 
acted  publicly.  31  October,  1611,  G.  Buc." 
It  is  printed  in  Hazlitt's  '  Dodsley  '  (vol.  x.), 


226 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  SEPT.. 


with  a  prefatory  note  from  which  we  learn 
that  the  name  of  "  William  Goughe "  is 
written  on  the  back  of  the  manuscript, 
subsequently  altered  to  "  G.  Chapman,"  and 
this  again  to  "  Will.  Shakespeare."  Nothing 
is  known  of  any  William  Goughe,  and  it  is 
inconceivable  that  either  Chapman  or 
Shakespeare  can  have  had  a  hand  in  the 
play.  As  the  chief  figure  of  the  tragedy  is 
called  simply  "The  Tyrant,"  it  has  been 
suggested  that  it  may  be  identifiable  with  a 
play  of  that  name  entered  in  the  Stationers' 
Register  by  Moseley  in  1660  as  Massinger's. 
WThether  this  be  so  or  not,  '  The  Second 
Maiden's  Tragedy  '  has  nothing  in  common 
with  any  known  work  of  Massinger's,  nor  is 
there  any  evidence  that  Massinger  was  writ- 
ing for  the  stage  so  early  as  1611.  Fleay 
believed  that  it  was  written  by  the  author, 
not  of  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy,'  but  of 
*  The  Revenger's  Tragedy.'  There  is  no 
doubt  whatever  in  my  mind  that  all  three 
plays  are  the  work  of  one  hand,  and  that  the 
hand  of  Cyril  Tourneur. 

On  comparing  the  texts  of  '  The  Atheist's 
Tragedy  '  and  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  ' 
one  of  the  first  points  I  noted  was  that 
colloquial  contractions  of  the  smaller  parts 
of  speech — and  especially  't  for  "  it  "  were 
unusually  common  in  both  plays.  On 
examining  '  The  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy  ' 
I  found  these  contractions  even  more 
numerous.  Used  in  association  with  the 
common  words  "  do,"  "  for,"  "  in,"  "on," 
"  upon,"  "  is,"  "  was,"  and  "  to,"  the 
contraction  of  "it"  to  't  ("do't,"  "  for't," 
"  in't,"  &c.)  will  be  found  about  20  times 
in  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy,'  nearly  50  times 
in  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy,'  and  over 
70  times  in  '  The  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy.'* 
The  plays  do  not  differ  greatly  in  length, 
and  the  lack  of  uniformity  in  the  figures  is 
doubtless  to  be  accounted  for  by  differences 
of  date.  Besides  the  above  we  find 
"  confer't,"  "  done't,"  "  mak't,"  "  sha't," 
"  then't,"  "  under't  "  in  '  The  Atheist's 
Tragedy';  "  and't,"  "  else't,"  "  gi'en't," 
"  keep't,"  "  o'er't,"  "  take't,"  "  were't  "  in 
'  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  ' ;  and  "  bestow' t," 
"  by't,"  "  have't,"  "  know't,"  "  me't,"  "  par- 
don't,"  "  recover't,"  "  restore't,"  "  turn't" 
"  unto't,"  "  with't "  in  '  The  Second 
Maiden's  Tragedy.'  This  is  not  conclusive 
evidence  of  Tourneur's  authorship,  for  there 

*  I  have  (perhaps  unwisely)  assumed  that  the 
modern  reprints  of  the  plays  in  the  Mermaid 
edition  of  Webster  and  Tourneur  and  Hazlitt's 
'  Dodsley  '  (here  used)  accurately  reproduce  the 
early  copies  so  far  as  this  contraction  is  con- 
cerned. 


are  other  dramatists  of  the  period  (Middled 
for  instance)   who  use   this   elision  just 
freely,  but  it  is  an  important  feature  comm 
to  the  three  plays. 

Though  rime  is  much  more  abundant 
'  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  '  than  in  *  T 
Atheist's  Tragedy,'  both  contain  a  lai 
number  of  rimed  couplets.  These  are  of  t 
sententious,  moralizing  type  found  also 
Webster,  and,  later,  in  Ford.  But  t 
author  of  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy  '  and  '  1 
Revenger's  Tragedy  '  is  much  niore  addict 
to  antithesis  than  either  of  these  t1 
dramatists.  Fully  one-third  of  the  coupl 
in  each  play  are  antithetical.  Here  are  soi 
of  those  in  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy  '  :  — 

Let  all  men  lose,  so  I  increase  my  gain, 
I  have  no  feeling  of  another's  pain. 

Act  I.  sc.  i.,  Mermaid  Edn.,  p.  249 

And  fear  not  that  your  profit  shall  be  small ; 
Your  interest  shall  exceed  your  principal. 

I.  ii.  254 

But  we  may  say  of  his  brave  blessed  decease 
He  died  in  war,  and  yet  he  died  in  peace. 

III.  i.  289 

I've  buried  under  these  two  marble  stones 
Thy  living  hopes,  and  thy  dead  father's  bom 

III.  i.  290 

and,  from  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  '  :  — 

But  there's  a  cold  curse  laid  upon  all  maids 
Whilst  others  clip  the  sun,  they  clasp  the  shad 

II.  i.  369 

If  all  feared  drowning  that  spy  waves  ashore, 
Gold  would  grow  rich,  and  all  the  merchants  pc 

II.  i.  370 

Age  hot  is  like  a  monster  to  be  seen  ; 
My  haii-s  are  white,  and  yet  my  sins  are  gre 

II.  iv.  383 

As  much  as  the  dumb  thing  can,  he  shall  feel 
What  fails  in  poison,  we'll  supply  in  steel. 

'III.  iv.  393 

Couplets  are  less  abundant  in  '  The  Seco 
Maiden's  Tragedy  '  than  in  '  The  Atheis 
Tragedy  '  and  there  is  much  less  antithej 
But  it  appears  now  and  then,  e.g.  : — 

I  wish  no  better  to  bring  me  content, 
Lovers'  best  freedom  is  imprisonment. 

Hazlitt,    '  Dodsley/    x.    394 

And  yet  confess  too  that  you  found  me  kind 

To  hear  your  words,  though  I  withstood  y< 

mind.  P.  410 

So  by  imprisonment  I  sustain  great  loss, 
Heav'n  opens  to  that  man  the  world  keeps  clc 

P.  426 

The  money  ne'er  will  thrive,  that's  a  sure  st 
What's  got  from  grace  is  ever  spent  in  law. 

P.  444 

Tourneur  does  not  repeat  phrases  to  a 
noticeable  extent,  and  though  in  his  ea] 
satirical  poem  '  The  Transformed  Me1 
morphosis  '  there  is  a  deal  of  outlandi 


12  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


227 


jargon,  there  is  nothing  very  distinctive  in 
the  vocabulary  of  his  plays.  In  view  of  its 
traditional  association  with  his  name  little 
more  in  the  way  of  internal  evidence  will  be 
required  to  complete  the  proof  of  his 
authorship  of  'The  Revenger's  Tragedy.' 
It  will  doubtless  be  sufficient  to  draw  atten- 
tion to  the  following  points  :  — 

1  The  author  of ' The  Revenger's  Tragedy,' 
besides  riming  "another"  with  "mother," 
"  brother  "  with  "  mother,"  "  others  "  with 
"  mothers,"  and  "  brother  "  with  "  t'other," 
twice  rimes  "  brother  "  with  "  another  "  :  — 

Vendice.  Come,  mother,  sister :  you'll  bring 
me  onward,  brother  ? 

Hippolito.     I  will. 

Vendice.     I'll  quickly  turn  into  another. 

1.     1.     tV,Ld  • 

I   rise  just  in  that  place, 
Where   thou'rt   cut   off ;     upon   thy  neck,   kind 

brother ; 
The  falling  of  one  head  lifts  up  another. 

III.  i.  385. 

This  "brother" — "another"  rime  occurs 
also  in  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy  '  :  — 

....  gentle  love  and  noble  courage  are 
So  near  allied,  that  one  begets  another ; 
Or  Love  is  sister,  and  Courage  is  the  brother. 

I.  iv.  260. 

2.  In     '  The    Atheist's    Tragedy,'     I.     i., 
Borachio  sententiously  observes  :  — 

Wealth  is  lord 
•Of  all  felicity, 
and  D'Amville  replies  :  — 

'Tis  oracle.* 
For  what's  a  man  that's  honest  without  wealth  ? 

So  in  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy '  (end  of 
IV.  i.)  when  Lussurioso  remarks  to  the 
nobles  of  the  Duke's  court  :  — 

What  in  us 

Would  appear  light,  in  him  [i.e.,  the  Duke]  seems 
virtuous. 

the  "  3rd  Noble  "  answers  :  — 
'2'is  oracle,  my  lord. 

3.  In  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy,'  I.  ii.  251, 
Belforest   observes   to   Charlemont   that   no 
time  should  be  employed  in  compliments, 
But  what  our  serious  business  will  admit, 

;and  at  IV.  iii.  316,  D'Amville  speaks  of  the 
ghost  of  Montferrers  as 

A  fool  unfit  to  be  employed  in 

Any  serious  business  for  the  state  of  hell. 

Compare,    in    I.    ii.     of    '  The    Revenger's 
Tragedy  '  (last  speech  of  the  Duke)  :  — 
About  it,  then,  my  lords,  with  your  best  powers  ; 
More  serious  business  calls  upon  our  hours. 


4.  In  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy,'  IV.  iii.  312, 
Castabella,  on  hearing  the  vile  proposals  of 
the  "  atheist  "  D'Amville,  exclaims  :  — 
O  patient  Heaven  !    Why  dost  thou  not  express 
Thy  wrath  in  thunderbolts,  to  tear  the  frame 
Of  man  in  pieces  ?     How  can  earth  endure 
The  burthen  of  this  icickedness  without 
An  earthquake  ?     Or  the  angry  face  of  Heaven 
Be  not  inflamed  with  lightning  ? 

Compare   with   this   Vendice' s    outburst   in 
'  The  Revenger's  Tragedy,'  II.  i.  372  :  — 
Why  does  not  Heaven  turn  black,  or  with  a  froivn 
Undo  the  world  ?     Why  does  not  earth  start  up , 
And  strike  the  sins  that  tread  upon't  ? 
and  again  (IV.  ii.  411)  :  — 

0  thou  almighty  patience  !    'tis  my  wonder 
That  such  a  fellow,  impudent  and  wicked, 
Should  not  be  cloven  as  he  stood  ; 

Is  there  no  thunder  left ;    or  is't  kept  up 
In  stock  for  heavier  vengeance  ? 

So  far  as  the  language  of  the  two  plays  is 
concerned,  this  is  the  only  striking  parallel 

1  can  find.     But  there  can  scarcely  be  any 
question  as  to  its  significance. 

Now  for  the  evidence  as  to  '  The  Second 
Maiden's  Tragedy.'  Though  in  '  The 
Atheist's  Tragedy '  and  '  The  Revenger's 
Tragedy  '  we  find  the  same  atmosphere  of 
vice  and  corruption,  the  same  ingenuity  in 
devising  horrible  situations  and  morbid 
satisfaction  in  revealing  the  uttermost 
depths  of  depravity,  there  is  no  close 
resemblance  so  far  as  their  plots  are  con- 
cerned. But  it  is  different  with  '  The  Second 
Maiden's  Tragedy.'  This  contains  a  gro- 
tesquely horrible  incident — the  painting  by 
Govianus  of  the  lips  and  face  of  his  dead  wife 
with  poison  as  a  means  of  revenge  upon  the 
Tyrant  who  has  sought  to  supplant  him  in 
her  affections — all  but  identical  with  a 
device  appearing  in  '  The  Revenger's 
Tragedy,'  where  Vendice  wreaks  vengeance 
upon  the  ravisher  of  his  dead  mistress  by 
poisoning  the  lips  of  her  skull.  And  there 
are  other  significant  points  of  resemblance 
in  the  plots  of  these  two  plays.  As  Dr.  Stoll 
has  pointed  out,*  Helvetius's  endeavour  to 
persuade  his  daughter  to  yield  to  the  ad- 
vances of  the  Tyrant  (' S.M.T.,'  II.  i.)  and 
Votarius's  tempting  of  the  wife  of  his  friend 
Anselmus  at  the  latter's  instigation  ('  S.M.T.,' 
IV.  i.)  together  contain  all  the  elements  of 
Vendice' s  temptation  of  his  mother  and 
sister  ('  R.T.,'  II.  i.).  Helvetius's  conversion 
by  his  daughter  and  son-in-law  ('S.M.T.,' 
II.  i.)  is  remarkably  like  the  conversion  of 


*  The   punctuation   of    the   Mermaid    edition, 
•*'  'Tis,  oracle  "  is  obviously  incorrect. 


*  See  the  '  Sketch  of  the  Development  of 
(Plays  of)  the  Revenge  Type  '  in  his  '  John 
Webster,'  pp.  114-5. 


228 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  SEPT..  191* 


Gratiana  through  her  children.  ('R.T.,' 
IV.  iv.),  and,  as  in  the  case  of  the  Duke  in 
'  The  Revenger's  Tragedy,'  the  sufferings  of 
Anselmus  when  at  the  point  of  death  are 
intensified  by  the  revelation  of  his  wife's 
infidelity  ('  R.T.,'  III.  iv.  ;  '  S.M.T.,'  V.  i.). 
There  are  so  many  points  of  contact  here 
that  it  is  obvious  that  some  relation  exists 
between  the  two  plays  ;  either  the  author  of 
'  The  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy  '  borrowed 
from  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy '  or  both 
plots  originated  in  the  same  brain.  It 
remains  to  be  shown  that,  little  as  Tourneur 
repeats  himself,  there  are  yet  sufficient  traces 
in  *  The  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy  '  of  the 
language  and  sentiments  of  '  The  Atheist's 
Tragedy  '  and  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  '  to 
exclude  any  doubt  as  to  their  common 
authorship.  The  clearest  of  these  traces 
will  be  found  in  the  passages  set  forth 
below  :  — 

1.  '  Second    Maiden's  Tragedy,'  I.  ii.  396 
(Ariselmus,     the     brother    of    the    deposed 
King    Govianus,    tells    his    friend    Votarius 
that,    far    from    being    overwhelmed    with 
grief  at  his  deposition,  Govianus  was  never 
so  happy)  :  — 

He's  lost  the  kingdom,  but  his  mind's  restored 
Which  is  the  larger  empire  ?  prythee,  tell  me  : 
Dominions  have  their  limits  ;  the  whole  earth 
Is  but  a  prisoner,  as  the  sea  her  jailor 
That  with  a  silver  hoop  locks  in  her  body. 

But  the  unbounded  kingdom  of  the  mind 
Is  as  unlimitable  as  heaven. 

'  The     Atheist's     Tragedy,'     III.     iii.     298 

(Charlemont  is  here  speaking  to  Sebastian, 

whose   father,   D'Amville,   has   dispossessed 

him  of  his  inheritance)  :  — 

I  have  a  heart  above  the  reach 

Of  thy  most  violent  maliciousness  ; 

I  was  a  baron.     That  thy  father  has 
Deprived  me  of.     Instead  of  that  I  am 
Created  king.     I've  lost  a  signiory 
That  was  confined  within  a  piece  of  earth, 
A  wart  upon  the  body  of  the  world, 
But  now  I  am  an  emperor  of  a  world, 
This  little  world  of  man. 

2.  '  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  II.  i.  409 
(second  speech  of  Helvetius)  :  — 

I'll  sooner  give  my  blessing  to  a  drunkard 
Whom  the  ridiculous  power  of  wine  makes  humble, 
As  foolish  use  makes  thee. 

'  Atheist's   Tragedy,   II.    ii.  270  (D'Amville 

to  Borachio,  calling  his   attention   to  three 

men-servants    who    are     tippling    close     at 

hand)  :  — 

Their  drunkenness,  that  seems  ridiculous, 

Shall  be  a  serious  instrument  to  bring 

Our  sober  purposes  to  their  success. 


3.  '  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  IV.  iii.  4^ 
(a  soldier  is   raising   the   stone   that   cove 
the  "  Second  Maidens  "  tomb)  :  — 

'Tis  the  first  stone  that  ever  I  took  off 

From  any  lady  ;  marry,  I  have  brought  'em  man 

Fair  diamonds,  sapphires,  rubies. 

'  Atheist's  Tragedy,'  II.  iv.  277  (Borachi 
who   has   killed   Montferrers  with   a   ston 
describes  the  murder  to  D'Amville)  :  — 
. .  .  .ere  his  faltering  tongue 
Could  utter  double  O,  I  knocked  ou,trs  brain? 
With  this  fair  ruby,  and  had  another  stone 
Just  of  this  form  and  bigness  ready. 

4.  '  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  V.  ii.  41 
(Govianus,    having    poisoned    the    Tyrar 
throws  off  his  disguise  and  reviles  his  victi 
for    his     sacrilegious     exhumation     of    tl 
maiden's  body)  :  — 

Thou  thief  of  rest,  robber  of  monuments ! 
Cannot  the  body,  after  funeral 
Sleep  in  the  grave  for  thee  ?  must  ft  be  rais 
Only  to  please  the  wickedness  of  thine  eye  ? 
Do  all  things  end  with  death,  and  not  thy  Ius1 
'  Atheist's  Tragedy,'  III.  i.  292-3  (Charlemo: 
discovers   the   monument    of   his   murden 
father)  :  — 

Of  all  men's  griefs  must  mine  be  singular  ? 
Without  example  ?     Here  I  met  my  grave, 
And  all  men's  woes  are  buried  i'their  graves 
But  mine. 

5.  '  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  II.  ii.  425 

Tyrant.  Sophonirus  ! 

Here  take  this  jewel,  bear  it  as  a  token 
To  our  heart's  saint,  'twill  do  thy  words  no  ham 
Speech  may  do  much,  but  wealth's  a  greater  char 
Than  any  made  of  words. 

'  Revenger's  Tragedy,'  I.  iii.  355  :  — 

Lussurioso  (giving  money  to  Hippolito). 
We  thank  thee  :    yet  words  are  but  great  met 

blanks  ; 
Gold,   though  it  be   dumb,   does  utter  the  lx 

thanks. 

6.  '  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  II.  i.  418  : 
Votarius.          . . .  .thy  once  crack'd  honestv 

Is  like  the  breaking  of  whole  money  : 
It  never  comes  to  good,  but  wastes  away. 
*  Revenger's  Tragedy,'  I.  iii.  358  :  — 

Lussurioso.  . . .  .honesty 

Is  like  a  stock  of  money  laid  to  sleep 
Which,  ne'er  so  little  broke,  does  never  keep 

A  few  words  may  be  added  on  the  subje 
of  the  date  of  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy 
Apart  from  the  doubts  as  to  the  authentic! 
of  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy  '  there  has  be< 
a  good  deal  of  discussion  as  to  whether  tl 
or  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy  '  was  written  firs 
Though  '  The  Revenger's  Tragedy '  w 
registered  and  published  in  1607,  '  Tl 
Atheist's  Tragedy'  not  until  1611,  Prc 
Churton  Collins  and  others  have  inferre 
from  the  "  immaturity  "  of  '  The  Atheist 


12  8.  V.  SKPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


229 


Dragedy  '  that  it  was  written  before  '  The 
Revenger's  Tragedy.'  Dr.  Stoll  ('John 
Webster,'  Appendix  I.)  combats  this  view, 
irguing  that  a  comparison  of  their  metrical 
characteristics  favours  the  presumption  that 
he  dates  of  registration  and  publication  of 
he  two  plays  indicate  approximately  the 
lates  of  composition.  He  points  particu- 
arly  to  the  more  sparing  use  of  rime  and  the 
ibundant  light  and  weak  endings  in  '  The 
Uheist's  Tragedy  '  as  marks  of  a  later  stage 
n  the  development  of  Tourneur's  metrical 
echnique.  I  think  there  can  be  no  doubt 
hat  Dr.  Stoll  is  right.  Many  small  points 
)f  difference  between  the  two  plays  show 
hat  they  are  separated  by  a  considerable 
nterval  of  time.  For  instance,  the  con- 
ractions  ha1  (  =  "have")  and  o' for  "of" 
not  followed  by  the  definite  article)  are  as 
tbund-ant  throughout  the  text  of  '  The 
Atheist's  Tragedy '  as  they  are  rare  in 
The  Revenger's  Tragedy.'  But  there  are 
ither  peculiarities  in  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy  ' 
>f  greater  significance  in  their  bearing  on  the 
[uestion  of  its  date.  The  diction  of  this  play 
5  much  more  elaborate  and  stilted  than  that 
if  *  The  Revenger's  Tragedy.'  Unlike  the 
itter  play,  its  text  bristles  with  polysyllabic 
touns  terminating  in  -tion.  Now  the 
,bundance  of  these  -tion  words  is  equally 
Loticeable  in  Tourneur's  '  Funeral  Poem  on 
he  Death  of  Sir  Francis  Vere,'  written  in 
609.  This  strongly  favours  the  pre- 
umption  that  they  were  written  much  about 
he  same  time.  And  there  is  another  small 
>oint  that  confirms  this  presumption, 
["ourneur,  as  I  have  remarked,  has  few 
incommon  words  in  his  plays.  This  makes 
t  the  more  noticeable  that  three  times  in  one 
cene  of  '  The  Atheist's  Tragedy  '  (I.  iv.)  he 
ias  the  word  "  hability  "  (Fr.  habilete).  He 
blso  uses  this  noun,  as  well  as  the  adjective 
'  hable,"  in  '  Vere.'  I  have  noted  it 
lowhere  else  either  in  his  plays  or  poems. 

It  is  curious  that  although  '  The  Second 
laiden's  Tragedy  '  (licensed  1611)  resembles 
The  Atheist's  Tragedy '  in  its  compara- 
ively  sparing  use  of  rime,  it  seems  closer  to 
The  Revenger's  Tragedy  '  in  plot,  metre, 
.nd  diction.  Tourneur  here  shows  no 
narked  partiality  for  nouns  in  -tion. 
Vhether  we  are  to  infer  that  this  partiality, 
o  clearly  exhibited  in  '  The  Atheist's 
Dragedy  '  and  '  Vere,'  was  only  a  passing 
>hase,  or  that  '  The  Second  Maiden's 
Dragedy  '  was  written  many  years  before  it 
cached  the  licenser's  hands,  is  a  question 
ipon  which  I  hesitate  to  express  an  opinion. 
H.  DUGDALE  SYKES. 

En  field. 


PYRGO    PARK    AND    OLD    BOW 
BRIDGE. 

IT  ought  not  to  be  forgotten,  when  the 
ancient  estate  of  Pyrgo  Park  (between 
Romford  and  Brentwood,  and  occupying  a 
delightfully  picturesque  position  in  rura-1 
Essex,  although  only  a  walking  distance 
from  industrial  East  London),  again  comes 
up  for  private  sale,  by  Lord  O'Hagan,  that  it 
includes  an  interesting  association  with  the 
Old  Bow  Bridge  across  the  Lea  River  at  a 
point — dingy  and  forlorn  as  it  now  is — 
which  is  compact  with  thronging  memories 
of  the  long  past.  The  present  mansion  at 
Pyrgo,  raised  in  the  Classic  Italian  style, 
erected  upon  the  site  of  a  former  residence, 
but  not  upon  the  actual  site  of  the  ancient 
Palace,  was  built  in  part  in  1836  from  a 
design  by  Sabin,  and  completed  in  1852  by 
Messrs.  Cubitt  &  Sons.  In  1862  it  was 
enlarged  under  the  able  and  active  super- 
intendence of  Barry,  and  during  the  occu- 
pation of  Lord  O'Hagan  it  has  been  further 
greatly  improved  by  the  addition  of  the 
picture  gallery,  by  the  conversion  of  the 
conservatory  into  a  lounge  and  billiard-room, 
&c.  So,  if  a  thousand  years  ago  the  status 
of  the  old  Manor  of  Havering-Bower  was 
more  exalted  among  the  conglomerating 
Saxons  and  other  tribes  from  oversea,  the 
conditions  were  far  less  luxurious.  The  county 
historians  tell  us  that  Havering-Bower  is 
one  of  the  manors  into  which  the  Haver- 
ing Liberty  was  divided,  that  "  Liberty  " 
being  9  miles  in  length  from  north  to  south, 
and  4|  miles  in  its  greatest  width  from  east 
to  west,  but  near  the  Thames  it  is  not  above 
three-quarters  of  a  mile.  In  the  time  of  the 
Saxons  it  wap  an  old  demesne  of  the  Crown, 
the  park  covering  1000  acres  ;  and,  being 
one  of  the  royal  palaces,  it  was  created  into 
a  "  Liberty,"  independent  of  the  adjoining 
Hundred  of  Becontree,  or,  indeed,  of  any 
jurisdiction,  either  ecclesiastical  or  civil,  of 
the  county  :  de  facto  itself  a  tribunal  for 
life  and  death.  The  reason  of  this  seems 
to  have  been  that,  the  kings  of  newly  united 
"  Angle-land  "  having  here  a  hunting  lodge 
at  which  they  passed  much  of  their  time, 
their  officers  should  take  cognizance  of 
crimes  and  misdemeanours  within  the  pale 
of  the  demesne,  and  that  offenders  should 
receive  sentence  under  their  more  immediate 
inspection  ;  or  else  it  was  a  privilege  usually 
belonging  to  royal  palaces. 

The  name  of  Havering  is  plainly  derived 
from  two  Saxon  words,  and  means  "  Goats' 
Pasture."  Philip  Morant,  the  eighteenth- 


230 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  SEPT., 


century  antiquary  and  collator,  notes 
another  derivation  which  he  says  is  quite 
"  legendary  and  fabulous."  The  substance 
is  that  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  under  the 
guise  of  an  old  beggar,  asked  alms  of 
King  Edward  the  Confessor.  The  King, 
having  nothing  else  at  hand  ready  to 
bestow  upon  him,  gave  him  a  ring  off 
his  finger.  Some  years  after,  St.  John 
sent  him  this  ring  back  by  two  English 
pilgrims  to  Rome,  with  wrarning  that 
he  would  die  within  six  months.  They 
delivered  the  message  and  ring  to  him  at 
Havering-Bower,  which  was  the  accustomed 
retiring  place  of  the  Saxon  kings,  and 
particularly  of  King  Edward  the  Confessor, 
for  he  took  a  great  delight  in  its  woody 
solitudes  as  fitting  for  his  private  devotions 
and  saintly  meditations.  The  suffix  of 
"  Bower  "  added  to  it  meant  that  it  included 
the  Dower  House — as  in  the  case  of  Rosa- 
mund's Bower  at  Woodstock.  Georgian 
writers  concur  in  describing  the  area  as  a 
most  charming  spot  in  their  clay,  "  having  a 
beautifully  expansive  prospect  over  a  great 
part  of  Essex,  Hertfordshire,  Kent,  Middle- 
sex, and  Surrey,  and  also  a  view  of  the 
Thames  with  shipping  continually  sailing  up 
and  down." 

And  besides  the  palace  here  vouched  to 
have  been  built  there  was  another  near  by 
at  Pyrgo  which  belonged  to  the  Queens  of 
England  for  centuries,  where  they  resided  at 
their  own  conveiiiency,  and  probably  during 
their  widowhood  or  the  absence  of  their 
spouses  on  the  wars.  For  Havering  was 
usually  part  of  the  queen's  jointure. 
Matilda,  the  wife  of  King  Henry  I.,  built 
Old  Bow  Bridge  across  the  Lea  in  order  to 
get  to  "  Pyrgo "  without  danger  at  the 
ferry,  and  "  as  a  mark  of  gratitude  for  her 
preservation  from  the  peril  of  a  great  flood 
that  beset  the  River  Lea."  Eleanor,  Queen 
of  King  Edward  I.,  appears  to  have  enjoyed 
Pyrgo's  peace  ;  and  it  otherwise  appears  that 
in  her  time  both  Havering-Bower  and  Pyrgo 
hfl.d  parks.  In  the  time  of  Anne,  Queen  of 
King  Richard  II.,  who  held  this  Manor  of 
Havering  in  dower,  it  was  valued  at  100Z. 
per  annum.  The  old  Georgian  scholars  used 
to  suggest  that  "  Pyrgo "  (the  name  has 
been  most  variously  spelt  through  the  ages) 
derives  its  title  from  the  fact  that  it  was 
originally  a  park  gateway  before  the  Dower 
House  itself  was  erected  and  its  own  demesne 
and  park  created  out  of  the  primeval  forest 
land.  Joan,  widow  of  King  Henry  IV.,  died 
there  in  July,  1437.  When  Queen  Mary  was 
made  the  medium  of  pacification  between 
her  father  and  the  Emperor  Charles  V.,  she 


was  residing  with!  her  brother  Edward  a 
her  sister  Elizabeth  at  Havering-BoM 
Coming  to  post-Reformation  times, 
is  seen  that  Queen  Elizabeth,  in  Ap 
1559,  granted  to  Sir  John  Gray  the  i 
and  capital  messuage  of  Pyrgo  and  1 
appurtenances  and  park.  This  Sir  J< 
Gray  was  the  second  son  of  Thomas  Gri 
the  Marquis  of  Dorset  who  was  the  grand; 
of  Sir  John  Gray  and  Elizabeth  Woodvi 
afterwards  Queen  of  King  Edward  ! 
And  his  eldest  brother,  Henry  Gray,  Di 
of  Suffolk,  was  the  father  of  the  Lady  Jf 
Gray,  the  Nine  Days'  Queen  of  Engla] 
The  estate  was  eventually  sold  to  Sir  Thon 
Cheke,  grandson  of  the  learned  Sir  Jo 
Cheke,  who  had  got  it,  apparently, 
one  of  the  tutors  of  King  Edward  ^ 
When  that  family  had  died  out  it  ca: 
to  Thomas  Archer  by  marriage,  and 
was  created  Baron  Archer  on  July  14, 17 
and  was  the  holder  of  the  property  a 
in  residence  when  Philip  Morant  publish 
his  portly  tomes  on  the  history  and  arc 
quities  of  the  county  of  Essex. 

For  the  assistance  of  those  who  explore  1 
county  by  map  it  may  be  stated  that  1 
Manor  of  Dagenham  "stands  south-east 
Pyrgo,  bordering  upon  South  Weald  ;  a 
that  the  road  is,  at  normal  times  and  seaso 
tolerably  good,  and  certainly  is  full  of  inter 
to  all  concerned  in  Old  England  and  its  Ic 
and  varied  history.  Me, 


SWIFT    AND    MBS.    OLDFIELD.  —  In 
'  Journal  to  Stella,'  Swift,  under  date  April 
1713,  writes  :  — 

"  I  was  this  morning  at  ten  at  the  rehearsal 
Mr.  Addison's  play,  called  Cato,  which  is  to 
acted  on  Friday.  There  were  not  above  haU 
score  of  us  to  see  it.  We  stood  on  the  stage,  i 
it  was  foolish  enough  to  see  the  actors  promp 
every  moment,  and  the  poet  directing  the 
and  the  drab  that  acts  Cato's  daughter,  out  in 
midst  of  a  passionate  part,  and  then  calling 
'  What's  next  ?  '  ' 

Resenting  this  uncomplimentary  appellati 
Mr.  Fyvie  in  his  '  Tragedy  Queens  of  1 
Georgian  Era,'  1909,  runs  to  Mrs.  Oldfiel 
protection,  sword  in  hand  :  — 

"  Swift's  reference  to  her  as   '  the   drab  t 
acts  Cato's  daughter '  is  merely  an  instance  of 
habit  that  acrid  genius  had  of  flinging  his 
grading    epithets    indiscriminately    at    high   i 
low."— P.  57. 

Though  Swift  could,  on  occasion,  rage  w 
volcanic  fury,  the  'Journal'  (1710-13),  a 
whole,  displays  an  evenness  of  temper  wh 
is  seldom  ruffled  save  by  excessively  1 
weather,  or  when  his  man  absents  hims 


12  s.  v.  SEPT.,  i9i9.]  NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


231 


:ey  in^pocket,  and  he  is  forced,  to  pace 
!helsea  "  embankment  "  till  the  small 
tours  of  the  morning.  A  letter  written  by 
Jeorge  Berkeley  to  Sir  John  Percival  affords, 

suggest,  an  indication  of  what  was  passing 
H  Swift's  mind  as  he  penned  the  entry  of 
Lpril  6.  Dating  May  7,  1713,  Berkeley 
'b  serves  :  — 

"  Mr.  Addison's  play  has  taken  wonderfully, 
hey  have  acted  it  now  almost  a  month,  and 
vould,  I  believe,  act  it  a  month  longer  were  it  not 
hat  Mrs.  Oldfleld  cannot  hold  out  any  longer, 
laving  had  for  several  nights  past,  as  I  am 
nformed,  a  midwife  behind  the  scenes,  which  is 
;urely  very  unbecoming  the  character  of  Cato's 
laughter." 

L  quote  this  passage  from  Benjamin  Rand's 
Correspondence  of  George  Berkeley,  after- 
yards  Bishop  of  Cloyne,  and  Sir  John 
Percival,  afterwards  Earl  of  Egmont,'  1914 
at  p.  115).  I  quote  it  because  it  "may 
iccount  indifferently  well,"  to  use  an  ex- 
aression  from  '  Tom  Jones,'  for  Swift's 
contemptuous  utterance.  But  I  do  not 
}uote  it  for  the  purpose  of  throwing  mud 
it  Mrs.  Oldfield ;  on  the  contrary,  the 
situation,  as  recently  disclosed,  serves  to 
show  how  great  was  her  personal  courage. 
J.  PAUL  DE  CASTRO. 

il  Essex  Court,  Temple. 

DtJRER  :   WlLIBALD   PlRKHEIMER.  — I  want 

to  call  the  attention  of  your  readers  to  what, 
I  believe,  is  a  little  joke  of  Albert  Diirer's 
about  his  friend  Wilibald  Pirkheimer.  About 
twenty-five  years  ago  I  was  browsing  among 
old  books  on  astrology  at  the  British  Museum 
Library,  a  subject  in  which  the  late  Dr. 
Richard  Garnett,  then  head  librarian,  was 
not  merely  a  student,  but  a  firm  believer, 
and  the  writer  of  a  valuable  essay  on  '  The 
Soul  and  the  Stars.'  Among  other  horo- 
scopes of  famous  men,  I  copied  out  one  of 
Pirkheimer.  I  regret  that  in  this  case  I  did 
not  make  a  note  of  the  book  from  which 
I  copied  it,  but  perhaps  another  reader  can 
supply  this. 

Pirkheimer  was  born  at  Nuremberg  on 
Tuesday,  Dec.  4,  1470,  at  1.30  A.M.,  when 
the  eleventh  degree  of  Libra  or  the  Balance 
was  rising  on  the  eastern  horizon  or  Ascen- 
dant. Now,  on  one  day  looking  at  a  repro- 
duction of  Diirer's  woodcut  of  the  Four 
Riders  of  the  Apocalypse,  I  was  at  once 
struck  by  the  strong  resemblance  of  the 
rider  with  the  Balance  to  Diirer's  well- 
known  engraved  portrait  of  his  friend. 
The  only  difference  is  that  the  man  in  the 
woodcut  of  1498  is  an  older  man  than 
Pirkheimer  then  was,  but  otherwise  the  face 
Is  identical,  a  square  massive  one  of  an 


unusual  type.  Any  one  by  comparing 
reproductions  can  see  this  for  himself.  The 
whole  of  Diirer's  engraved  works  is  accessible 
in  various  publications,  of  which  the 
cheapest  are  the  admirable  "  Klassiker  der 
Kunst  Series,"  '  Deutsche  Vertags-Anstalt,' 
Stuttgart,  1906,  and  Hachette's  "  Les 
Classiques  de  1'Art."  Diirer  also  designed 
a  book-plate  for  Pirkheimer,  and  did  some 
astrologic  drawings  for  a  book  which  his 
friend  contemplated  but  did  not  publish. 
Pirkheimer  was  a  learned  man,  and  also,  if 
we  are  to  believe  certain  jests  in  Diirer's 
letters  to  him  from  Venice,  rather  a  Don 
Juan.  He  wrote  the  epitaph  of  his  friend, 
and  is  the  origin  of  the  legend  that  the  great 
artist's  wife  was  a  shrew. 

HAMILTON  MINCHIN. 

GUNNERSBURY  i  RUISLIP.  —  Johnston's 
'  Place-Names  of  England  and  Wales  '  states 
that  the  name  "  Gunnersbury  "  denotes  the 
town  or  dwelling  of  Gunner,  the  English 
form  of  Norwegian  Gunnair,  and  that  its 
earliest  occurrence  dates  from  the  fifteenth 
century  ;  while  the  modern  "  Ruislip,"  repre- 
sented by  an  archaic  Ryselippe,  is  explained 
as  the  leap  of  Ruga,  a  hypothetical  indivi- 
dual of  whose  actual  name  earlier  forms  are 
desired.  Both  these  conjectures  can  now  be 
dismissed  as  erroneous. 

In  a  letter  of  great  historical  value  to  The 
Times  Literary  Supplement  MR.  J.  HARVEY 
BLOOM,  after  an  examination  of  certain 
unpublished  records  at  Compton  Verney 
belonging  to  Lord  Willoughby  de  Broke, 
gives  minute  details  concerning  the  estates 
owned  in  1380  by  Alice  Ferrers,  the  reputed 
mistress  of  Edward  III.,  and  her  husband, 
Sir  William  de  Wyndesor,  situated  in  fifteen 
different  counties,  among  which  are  men- 
tioned "  the  manors  of  Rischlep  and 
Gunnoldsbury  "  in  the  county  of  Middlesex. 
Hence  it  follows  that  Gunnersbury  derives 
its  name  from  an  early  settler  in  the  Baling 
district  called  Gunnold  or  Gunnild,  synony- 
mous with  the  Norwegian  Gunhild,  or 
Gunhilda,  which,  like  the  Wagnerian 
Brynhild  or  Brunhilda  is  a  woman's  name ; 
and  that  the  word  Ruislip  is  compounded 
of  A.-S.  ruse,  M.E.  risce,  a  rush  -j-  hlyp,  a 
leap,  also  an  enclosure,  as  in  Rishangles, 
Rishton,  Rissington,  Hindlip,  Islip,  &c. 

This  discovery  well  illustrates  the  import- 
ance of  research  among  the  earliest  available 
records  for  all  disputed  place-names,  and 
the  too  common  fallacy  of  attributing  the 
majority  of  such  names  to  an  eponymous  or 
tribal  Teutonic  source.  N.  W.  HILL. 

35  Highbury  Place,  N. 


232 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  SEPT.,  191% 


THE  PURITAN  AND  HIS  CAT.  (See  12  S. 
iii.  360,  393,  455).— Richard  Brathwaite's 
'  Barnabae  Itinerarium '  (first  published 
1038)  contains  the  famous  lines  :  — 

To  Ban  bury  came  I,  0  profane  one  ! 
Where  I  saw  a  Puritane  one 
Hanging  of  his  cat  on  Monday, 
For  killing  of  a  mouse  on  Sunday. 

The  play  'Pathomachia  or  The  Battell  of 
Affections  '  (described  when  printed  in  1630 
as  "  Written  some  yeares  since,  and  now 
first  published  by  a  Friend  of  the  deceassed 
Author ")  appears  to  have  been  written 
about  1616  by  Thomas  Tomkis  of  Trinity 
College,  Cambridge,  author  of  the  plays 
'  Lingua  '  and  '  Albumazar.'  (It  occurs 
also  in  Harl.  MS.  6869  and  Bodleian  MS. 
Eng.  misc.  e.o.)  Here  in  Act  II.  sc.  v.  we 
have  mention  of  "  some  factions  [perhaps 
*  factious  ']  men  whereof  one  of  late  killed 
his  Cat  because  it  kil'd  a  Mouse  on  Sunday." 
Again,  in  the  lines  '  On  my  Lute-stringes 
Catt  bitten,'  by  the  accomplished  Thomas 
Master  of  New  College,  the  friend  and 
literary  assistant  of  Lord  Herbert  of  Cher- 
bury — lines  found  often  in  MS.  collections 
(e.g.,  Rawl.  Poet  206,  p.  59,  and  147,  p.  104, 
and  printed  in  Dr.  Smith's  and  Sir  John 
Mennes'  '  Musarum  Delicise  ')  we  have:  — 

Puss,  I  will  curse  thee,  maist  thou  dwell 

With  some  dry  Hermite  in  a  Cell 

Where  Ratt  nere  peept  e,  wher  mouse  nere  fedd, 

And  flyes  go  supperless  to  Bedd, 

Or  with  some  close-parde  Brother,  where 

Thou'st  fast  each  Sabboth  in  ye  yeare  ; 

Or  els  (prophane)  bee  hangde  on  Monday 

For  butchering  a  Mouse  on  Sunday. 

Master  died  in  1643,  at  the  age  of  40,  and 
these  lines  may  have  been  written  before 
Brathwaite's,  though  not  before  Tomkis' s, 
allusion.  There  are  perhaps  other  references 
to  the  jest  which  I  have  not  come  across. 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 
Sheffield. 

"MAN  PROPOSES,  GOD  DISPOSES." — It 
may,  perhaps,  be  of  interest  to  note  with 
regard  to  this  proverb  that  in  seven  lan- 
guages the  jingle  is  preserved.  This,  no 
cloubt,  is  not  very  remarkable  in  the  case 
of  the  Romance  nations,  as  they  all  bor- 
rowed from  a  common  source,  and  though 
Ariosto  wrote  "  Ordina  I'liomo  e  Dio  dis- 
pone,"  the  rendering  "  L'uomo  propone 
e  Dio  dispone  "  may  be  found  in  a  modern 
Italian  -  English  dictionary.  Latin  has 
"  Homo  proponit  et  Deus  disponit,"  French 
"  L'homme  propose  et  Dieu  dispose,"  and 
Spanish  "  El  hombre  pone  y  Dios  dispone." 
England  has  taken  the  saying,  not  from  an 
Anglo-Saxon  source,  but  from  the  Latin  : 


it  is  found  for  the  first  time,  I  believe,  iit 
'  Piers  Plowman  '  in  a  Latin  form,  and  it*- 
occurs    again    in    '  The    Imitation.'     What,, 
however,  is  more  striking  than  any  of  the- 
above  versions  is  that   German  has    "  Der 
Mensch   denkt,    Gott   lenkt,"    and   Russian,. 
"  Cheloviek  predpolagaetaBograspodagaet." 
Russian     scholars    who    read    '  N.    &    Q.'  — 
and  there  are  several  of  them,   I   know — 
will  not  be  too  hard  on  me,  I  hope,  if  I  haver 
not    rendered    the    Russian    lettering    into 
English  with  the  nearest  possible  approach 
to  accuracy.     Possibly,  of  course,  the  version. 
I  have  given  is  merely  a  translation  of  the! 
English,  and  is  not  a  proverb  in  current  use»j 
among  the  Russian  people. 

T.  PERCY  ARMSTRONG. 

SIR  RICHARD  PHILLIPS. — In  discussing:; 
(11  S.  x.  463)  this  author-publisher's  un-1 
familiar  work  '  A  Personal  Tour  through, 
the  United  Kingdom,'  issued  by  his  son. 
Horatio  Phillips  in  parts,  commencing  1828r 
I  was  uncertain  as  to  its  extent  and  what  the- 
author  intended  to  accomplish.  Thes&l 
points  are  definitely  settled  in  a  letter! 
addressed  by  him  to  William  Hone  (then  at 
Newington  Green)  from  8  Marlboro'  Square,. 
Chelsea,  Dec.  19,  1829:  — 

"  I  mean  to  prosecute  my  tour  as  a  downright-] 
fagging  job,  to  the  extent  of  40  or  50  parts  or 
7  or  8  volumes.  I  have  copy  for  7  parts,  but 
wait  for  the  public  to  buy  and  read.  My  reception 
everywhere,  good  as  it  was,  will  be  improved,  and 
the  excursion  become  memorable  !  1  wanted  a. 
companion  like  you,  but  as  it  was,  L  found 
materials  in  superabundance.  I  could  write 
3  parts  for  1,  but  I  dare  not  dwell  far  fear  o£' 
becoming  dull  and  prosing. 

"  There  are  Book  Societies  at  Newington  Green 
and  they  ought  to  be  of  my  readers.  What  an 
old-fashioned  place  !  I  often  meditate  on  what 
London  will  be,  if  it  last,  'till  all  the  New  buildings 
get  of  that  age. 

"  What  a  No.  of  odd  and  curious  people  I  found 
everywhere  !  I  converted  most  of  them  by  some 
means  or  other,  though  in  a  preliminary  route  L 
was  less  understood  than  I  could  have  wished  to> 
be.  I  often  wanted  Cruikshank." 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

MRS.  SUSAN  CROMWELL.  (See  "  Rabsejr 
Cromwell,  alias  Williams,"  12  S.  ii.  136.)— 
The  following  is  taken  from  '  The  Book  of 
Days,'  edited  by  R.  Chambers,  1863,  vol.  i. 
pp.  305-6,  under  February  28  :  — 

"On  the  28th  of  February,  1834,  died,  at  the  age 
of  ninety,  Mrs.  Susan  Cromwell,  youngest  daughter 
of  Thomas  Cromwell,  Esq.,  the  great-grandson  oi 
the  Protector.  She  was  the  last  of  the  Protector  s 
descendants  who  bore  his  name.  The  father  of  this 
lady,  whose  grandfather,  Henry  Cromwell,  had 
been  Lord  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  spent  his  life  11 
the  modest  business  of  a  grocer  on  Snow-hill ;  ne 


128.  V.  SEPT,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


233 


,  however,  a  man  of  exemplary  worth,  fit  to 
ave  adorned  a  higher  station.  His  father,  who  was 
major   in  King  William's  army,  had  been  born 
Dublin  Castle  during  his  father's  lieutenancy 
t   may  be    remarked   that    the    family    of    the 
ord  Protector  Oliver  Cromwell  was  one  of  good 
ccount,  his  uncle  and  godfather,  Sir  Oliver  Crom 
rell,  possessing  estates  in  Huntingdonshire  alone 
rhich  were  afterwards  worth  £30,000  a  year.     The 
rotector's  mother,  by  an  odd  chance,  was  namec 
tewart;  but  it  is  altogether  imaginary  that  she 
ore  any  traceable  relationship  to  the  royal  family 
he  race  was  originally  Welsh,  and  bore  the  name 
>f  Williams  ;  but  the  great-grandfather  of  the  Pro- 
tector changed  it  to  Cromwell,  in  compliance  with 
i  wish  of  Henry  VIII.,  taking  that  particular  name 
n  honour  of  his  relation,  Thomas  Cromwell,  Earl 
)f  Essex." 

FRED.  L.  TAVARE. 
.22  Trentham  Street,  Pendleton,  Manchester. 

MBS.  GKTJNDY. — Within  the  last  few  weeks 
i  Doctor  of  Divinity  of  some  eminence 
•eferred  to  this  lady  two  or  three  times  in  a 
sermon  preached  in  a  cathedral  church. 
She  is  as  yet  only  about  120  years  old,  and 
t  is  perhaps  too  soon  to  affirm  her  im- 
nortality,  but  it  strikes  me  that  as  a  mere 
lame,  in  an  almost  forgotten  play — not  one 
>f  its  personages — her  vitality  is  abnormal. 
Vhen  Thomas  Morton  wrote  '  Speed  the 
5lough  '  he  could  have  had  little  idea  how 
he  fame  of  Mrs.  Grundy,  whom  he  never 
>rings  upon  the  stage,  would  outlive  that  of 
very  other  character  in  his  play. 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

ROGER  DE  GLOUCESTER  IN  '  DOMESDAY.' 
—In  1102  Roger  de  Gloucester  made  an 
xchange  of  lands  with  Serlo,  Abbot  of  St. 
Jeter's,  Gloucester  :  — 

"  Anno  Domini  millesimo  centesimo  secundo, 
erlo  abbas  fecit  escambium  cum  Rogero  de 
Houcestria,  scilicet  quod  abbas  habuit  in  West- 
ury  habeat  Bogerus  in  feodo  absque  decima 
quae  et  silvae,  et  abbas  praedictus  habeat  in 
lemoeinam  Sandhurst,  et  Erelyam,  et  terrain 
Ilsthetel,  cum  omnibus  quae  prsedictae  terrae 
ertinent  apud  Hamme,  et  decimam  suam  " 

Hist,  et  Cart.  S.  Petri  de  Gloucestria,'  i.  112). 
Erelyam"  should  rather  be  "  Atteleyam" 
s  on  p.  352. 

Of  the  above  lands  given  by  Roger,  Sand- 
lurst  and  Hatherley  were  in  the  king's 
ands  in  1086  (Taylor,  '  Analysis  of  the 
)omesday  Survey  of  Gloucestershire,' 
p.  288-9).  Hamme  was  already  held  by 
t.  Peter's  of  Gloucester  at  that  date  (ibid., 
p.  320-1).  Its  identity  is  not  certain 
Ibid.,  p.  205),  but  it  was  apparently  close 
D  Lassington  (ibid.,  pp.  320-1),  and  of 
lassington  we  read  in  '  Domesday  ':  — 

"  Ulchetel  tenuit  Lessedune. . .  .Modo  ten' 
tog'  de  Thoma  Arch  "  (i.  1646.). 


I  suggest  that  it  is  at  least  highly  probable 
that  the  "  terra  Ulsthetel  "  of  1102  was  part 
of  the  estate  held  by  Ulfketyl  in  1066,  and 
had  retained  the  name  of  Ulfketyl' s  land 
in  spite  of  the  change  of  ownership.  If  this 
were  the  case,  the  Roger  who  held  of  the 
Archbishop  in  1086  would  presumably  be 
Roger  de  Gloucester,  who  has  not  previously 
been  traced  in  '  Domesday  '  so  far  as  I  know. 

G.  H.  WHITE. 
23  Weighton  Eoad,  Anerley. 

"  TOPPING  "  :  "  TOP-HOLE." — In  modern 
slang  "  topping  "  and  "  top-hole  "  have 
quite  displaced  "  ripping."  I  venture  to 
throw  out  the  suggestion  that  "  top-hole  " 
may  be  merely  a  light-hearted  variant  of 
"  topping  " — invented  by,  or  conceived  by. 
some  horsey  youth  who  had  in  mind  the 
buckling  of  a  horse's  girth  or  belly-band  to 
its  top-hole. 

But  "  topping "  appears  to  have  a 
respectable  ancestry.  The  dictionaries  give 
it  as  a  synonym  for  "  surpassing,"  "  pre- 
eminent," "  fine,"  "  noble,"  "  gallant,"  &c., 
and  I  have  just  come  across  it  in  Mr.  Hardy's 
'  Far  from  the  Madding  Crowd,1  chap,  xxxviii. 
Gabriel  Oak  says  to  Boldwood,  "  You  look 
strangely  altered,  Sir,"  and  in  reply  to 
Boldwood' s  disclaimer,  remarks,  "  I  thought 
you  didn't  look  quite  so  topping  as  you  u&ed 
to,  that  was  all."  J.  R.  H. 

SUNDIAL  MOTTO  IN  SAVOY. — The  follow- 
ing appeared  in  a  Lausanne  newspaper  in, 
I  think,  1913  :— 

'  Tu  ne  sais  1'heure. — On  vient  de  restaurer  a 
Thones,  ures  Annecy  (Savoie),  un  vieux  cadran 
solaire  de  1690  qui  se  trouve  en  face  de  Peglise. 
L'aricienne  devise  ressort  tres  lisible  maintenant : — 
Tu  vois  1'heure 
Tu  ne  scais  1'heure." 

HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

FRANCIS    PLACE,    POLITICAL    ECONOMIST, 
1771-1854.— Neither  the  'D.N.B.'  norBates's 
Maclise  Portrait  Gallery  '  in  notices  of  the 
above  mentions  that  he  was  foreman  of  the 
coroner's  jury  which  in  1810  sat  to  inquire 
nto  the  death  of  Sellis,  who  was  found  to 
lave    committed  felo    de    se    after    having 
attempted   to    murder   his    master,   Ernest, 
3uke    of    Cumberland.     In    a    later    con- 
roversy,  arising  in    1832  on  a  prosecution 
or  libel  upon  the  Duke  in  connexion  with 
he    Sellis    affair,  Place,    described  as   "of 
Charing  Cross,    man's    mercer,"   figured  in 
affidavits   that   were   made   and   filed,    and 
ppears  to  have  himself  published  "  a  letter 
to  the  Public  "  under  date  of  April  19,  1832. 

W.  B.  H. 


234 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         112  s.  v.  SEPT,  1919. 


OFFICIAL  PEACE  REJOICINGS. — Touching 
the  neglect  of  the  Port  of  London  in  the 
matter  of  official  peace  rejoicings,  a  corre- 
spondent writes  that  he  well  remembers 
being  taken  to  Victoria  Park  on  May  29. 
1856,  when  there  was  a  grand  official 
firework  display  to  mark  the  termination  oi 
the  Crimean  campaign  and  its  many  blunders 
and  glories,  and  the  end  of  the  Franco - 
British  War  with  "  the  Autocrat  of  all  the 
Russias."  Me. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


EMERSON'S  '  ENGLISH  TRAITS.' — I  should 
be  grateful  for  any  suggestions,  elucidations, 
or  reference  to  sources  or  authorities  for  any 
of  the  following  passages  in  the  above  work. 
References  to  pages  and  lines  follow  the 
World's  Classics  Edition.  Phrases  in 
brackets  are  my  own. 

1.  P.  11, 1.  33.  [Wordsworth  advised  Americans! 
never  to   call   into   action   the   physical  strength 
of  the  people,  as  had  just  now  [1832]  been  done 
in  England  in  the  Keform  Bill,  a  thing  prophesied 
by    Delolme.     [What   is   the    "  thing   prophesied 
by   D." — the    Bill,    or   its   effect    in    calling   into 
action,    &c.     And   where   does   such   a   prophecy 
occur  in  D.'s  writings  ?] 

2.  P.    13,  1.    22.   KrrjfM  es  Aei.      [From    Thucy- 
dides,  I  believe  ;  but  I  have  no  reference.] 

3.  P.   19,  1.   4.  [Concerning  the   English  claim 
to  the  sovereignty  of  the  seas  against  the  Dutch.] 
"  As  if,"  they  said,  "  we  contended  for  the  drops 
of  the  sea,  and  not  for  its  situation,  or  the  bed 
of   those   waters.     The   sea   is    bounded    by   His 
Majesty's  empire."     [Is  this  a  literal   quotation 
from    any    source  ?     If    a    general    abstract,    to 
what  date  may  it  be  referred  ?] 

4.  P.     19,    1.    20.  Alfieri    thought    Italy    and 
England    the    only    countries    worth    living    in. 
[Perhaps  from  Alfieri's  autobiography.] 

5.  P.  22,  1.   16.  Charles  the  Second  said,   "  it 
[the   English  climate]  invited  men  abroad  more 
days  in  the  year  and  more  hours  in  the  day  than 
any  other  country." 

6.  P.  23,  1.  2.  The  epigram  on  the  climate  by 
an    English  wit,   "In   a   fine   day,   looking  up   a 
chimney  ;  in  a  foul  day,  looking  down  one." 

7.  P.  23, 1. 13.  Sir  John  Herschel  said,  "  London 
was  the  centre  of  the  terrene  globe." 

8.  P.  23,  1.  28.  Chestnut  Street.     [Apparently 
a  street  in  Philadelphia  ;  but  is  it  the  Park  Lane 
of  Philadeplhia,  or  the  Throgmorton  Street,  or 
what  ?] 

9.  P.  24,  1.  29.  Fontenelle  thought  that  nature 
had  sometimes  a  little  affectation. 

10.  P.    25,    1.    32.  Humboldt    reckons    three 
races  of  men.     [I  cannot  find  any  such  reckoning. 
In  his   '  Cosmos  '   H.   deprecates  such  divisional 
classification.] 


11.  P.    28,    1.    5.  Our    Hoosiers,    Suckers,   ancl 
Badgers    of    the    American    woods.     [Where    are- 
these  tribes  located  ?] 

12.  P.  30,  1.  8.  Defoe  said  in  his  wrath,  "  the-i 
Englishman  was  the  mud  of  all  races."     [I  cannot- 
trace    any    such    phrase    literally.     Is    it   merely 
given  as  the  gist  of  D.'s  '  True-born  Englishman'  ?p 

13.  P.  32,  1.  8.  The  Celts  or  Sidonides  are  an 
old    family.     [Liddell    and    Scott    give    "  Phoeni- 
cians "  as  a  meaning  for  "  Sidonides."     Is  it  so 
used  in  classical  literature  ?     Has  Emerson  any 
authority    for    identifying    the    Celts    with    the 
Phoenicians,  or  is  he  following  some  theory  now- 
abandoned  ?] 

14.  P.  35,  1.  25.  The  [Norman]   conquest  has- 
obtained    in    the    chronicles    the    name    of    the 
"memory  of  sorrow."     [I   have  not  found  any 
such  "  name,"    though  passages  on  the  people'^ 
misery  are  common  enough.] 

15.  P.  36,  1.  37.  Alfieri  said,  "  The   crimes  of 
Italy   were   the   proof   of  the   superiority   of  the 
stock."     [Probably  in  A.'s  autobiography.] 

16.  P.  37,  1.  23.  The  right  of  the  husband  to-  . 
sell  the  wife  [in  England]  has  been  retained  down 
to  our  times.     [Is  this  still  true  ?     If  not,  when 
was     the     right     abolished  ?     '  English     Traits  *"  ; 
was  published  in  1856.] 

17.  P.  38,  1.  5.  As  early  as  the  conquest  it  is- 
remarked  in  explanation  of  the  wealth  of  England 
that  its  merchants  trade  to  all  countries. 

18.  P.  39,  1.  32.    I     apply    to     Britannia   the 
words  in  which  her  latest  novelist  portrays  his- 
heroine  :  "  She  is  as  mild  as  she  is  game,  and  as- 
game   as  she   is  mild."     [Who   is  thfe  heroine  ?  I 
I  should  guess  the  novelist  to  be  Thackeray.] 

19.  P.  40,  1.  2.  Admiral    Rodney's    figure   ap-j 
proached    to    delicacy    and    effeminacy,    and    he 
declared  himself  very  sensible  to  fear,  which  he-  \ 
surmounted    only    by    considerations    of    honour 
and  public  duty. 

20.  P.  40,  1.  9.  Sir    Edward    Parry    said    the- 
other   day   of   Sir   John   Franklin,   that,    "  if  he 
found   Wellington   Sound  open,  he  explored  it  ?  ^ 
for  he  was  a  man  who  never  turned  his  back  on 

a  danger,  yet  of  that  tenderness,  that  he  wouldJ 
not  brush  away  a,  mosquito."  [Who  was  Sir- 
Edward  Parry  ?  Can  his  observation  on  Franklin 
be  traced  ?] 

(Rev.)  R.  FLETCHER. 
Buckland,  Faringdon,  Berks. 

WORDSWORTH  :  *  THE  EXCURSION  T :  GRAS- 
MERE  CHURCH. — 1.  In  book  vi.  (Knight 
vol.  v.  p.  261,  11.  515-26  ;  Macmillarx,  1888 
p.  489)  the  following  inscription  is  given  as 
being  "  around  the  margin  of  the  plate  "  o! 
a  dial  in  Grasmere  churchyard  : — 

We  gathered,  as  we  read, 
The  appropriate  sense,  in  Latin  numbers  couched  r 
'  Time  flies  :  it  is  his  melancholy  task 
To  bring  and  bear  away  delusive  hopes 
And  reproduce  the  troubles  he  destroys. 
But  while  his  blindness  thus  is  occupied, 
Discerning  mortal,  do  thou  serve  the  will 
3f  Time's  eternal  Master,  and  that  peace 
Which  the  world  wants,  shall  be  by  thee  confirmed."" 

followed     immediately     by     the     Solitary's- 

comment :  — 

Smooth  verse,  inspired  by  no  unletter'd  Muse~ 


2  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


235 


There  is  no  dial  in  Grasmere  churchyard, 
,d  no  tradition  even  of  one  "  (Knight)  ; 
it  it  is  suggested  that  Wordsworth  has 
"xed  up  with  his  Grasmere  scenery  some 
miniscence  of  a  dial  once  existing  on  a 
lar  in  Bowness  churchyard.  Or  it  may  be 
mewhere  else.  Does  any  reader  of 
J.  &  Q.'  know  this  inscription  ?  What  I 

ant  to  get  at  is  the  original  Latin  verse, 
le  passage  with  its  context  seems  to  me 

roof  that  the  inscription  did  exist  and  was 

ot  a  flight  of  fancy,  like  the  bells  of  '  Sir 

Jfred  Irthing  '  in  book  vii.  1.  981. 
2.  In  book  v.  1.  172,  Wordsworth  records 

mong  the   sepulchral   stones   in   Grasmere 

hurch  :  — 

Some  with  small 

.nd  shining  effigies  of  brass  inlaid 

A  brazen  plate, 

'ot  easily  deciphered,  told  of  one 
7hose  course  of  earthly  honour  was  begun 
i  quality  of  page  among  the  train 
f  the  Eighth  Henry,  when  he  crossed  the  seas, 
[is  royal  state  to  show  and  prove  his  strength 
i  tournament  upon  the  fields  of  France. 

hat  is  to  say,  at  the  "  Field  of  the  Cloth  of 
rold "  in  1520.  The  text  is  that  of  the 
oet's  final  decision.  There  are  not  now — 
rere  there  ever  ? — any  monumental  brasses 
i  Grasmere  Church.  But  do  these  brasses 
xist,  or  are  they  recorded  as  once  existing, 
nywhere  in  the  Lake  District  ?  At  Cros- 
tiwaite  is  the  brass  effigy  of  a  Sir  JohnRatclif , 
ated  1527  ;  this  is  the  only  one  in  the 
ounty  whose  date  is  suitable.  Was  this 
ersonage  attached  to  Henry  VIII. 's  court  ? 
H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

RICHARD  CHALLONER,  FATHER  OF  BISHOP 
/HALLONER  (b.  at  Lewes,  Sept.  29,  1691), 
3  said  to  have  been  a  wine-cooper  by  trade 
nd  "  a  rigid  Dissenter  "  by  religion,  and 
o  have  died  when  his  son  Richard,  the 
iture  bishop,  was  still  very  young  (Burton's 
Bishop  Challoner,'  vol.  i.  p.  1). 

Is  it  known  whether  the  father  of  the 
ishop  was  related  in  any  way  to  Richard 
/haloner,  "  of  the  Chapell,  gentleman," 
fho  "  lived  an  orthodoxe  Christian,  feared 
Jod,  honoured  the  King,  obeyed  the  Church 
..."  and  "died  of  an  apoplexie  in  the 
6  year  of  his  age,"  May  12,  and  was  buried 
t  Westweston,  May  14,  1664  [the  last 
.gure  is  uncertain]  ?  As  to  him  see  '  English 
"opography,  Surrey  and  Sussex,'  "  Gent, 
lag.  Library,"  London,  1900.  at  p.  338. 

Hare  in  his  'Sussex'  (1896)  states  at 
>.  110  that  the  church  of  St.  John,  sub 
J  astro,  at  Lewes  contains  a  tomb  of  "  Mr. 
Chaloner,  1705,  father  of  Bishop 


Chaloner."  I  have  been  unable  to  find 
this  tomb  ;  but,  anyhow,  John  Chaloner  was 
not  Bishop  Challoner's  father,  though  per- 
haps he  was  a  relative. 

Richard  Chaloner  of  Westmeston  had  a 
son  named  William,  who  died  in  May,  1713, 
aged  57,  and  was  buried  at  Westmeston, : 
probably  John  Chaloner  of  Lewes  was 
another  son. 

Where  is  there  any  pedigree  of  the  Sussex 
Chaloners  ?  JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

DENNIS  THE  HANGMAN. — In  recording  the 
trials  at  the  Old  Bailey  of  the  Gordon 
Rioters,  The  Gent.  Mag.  has  this  paragraph, 
under  date,  Monday,  July  3,  1780  :  — 

"Edw.  Dennis,  better  known  by  the  name  of 
Jack  Ketch,  was  tried  for  assisting  in  pulling  down 
the  house  of  Mr.  Boggis  in  New  Turnstyle.  The 
prisoner  admitted  the  fact,  but  pleaded  compul- 
sion, the  mob  swearing  they  would  burn  him  if  he 
did  not  assist  them  in  burning  the  goods.  He  was 
found  guilty,  hut  recommended  to  mercy,  and  has 
a  bailable  warrant,  which  will  be  sued  out  when 
the  executions  are  ended.  The  humanity  of  Mr. 
Smith,  the  Keeper  of  Tothill-fields  bridewell,  to 
whose  custody  he  was  committed,  deserves  due 
praise.  He  declined  confining  him  among  the 
other  prisoners  lest  his  obnoxious  character  should 
expose  him  to  their  rage." 

Now  if  old  "  Sylvanus  Urban' s  "  state- 
ment was  correct  it  sharply  controverts  at 
least  two  of  the  portions  in  '  Barnaby 
Rudge  '  dealing  with  this  unhappy  man,  for 
it  implies  (1)  that  Dennis  would  be  reprieved, 
and  in  that  case  was  never  hanged,  so  dis- 
posing of  the  thrilling  picture  of  the  all- 
night  waiting  of  the  crowd  for  his  execution  ; 
and  states  (2)  that  he  was  allowed  a  cell  by 
himself  in  Tothill  Fields  Bridewell,  whereas 
in  Dickens  the  turnkey  thrust  him  into 
Hugh's  cell  in  Newgate,  with  the  grim 
remark  that  necessity,  or  the  rioters,  had 
left  no  choice.  Has  any  student  of  the 
novelist  noticed  this  before  ? 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

OLD  FIELD. — Who  was  John  Oldfield  of 
Oldfield,  who  died  1762,  aged  74  ?  Please 
reply  direct.  (Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 

Finchampstead,  Berks. 

"  WHEN  YOU  DIE  OF  OLD  AGE,  I  SHALL 
QUAKE  FOR  FEAR." — This  was  a  common 
saying  among  peasants  and  workpeople, 
when  speaking  to  someone  rather  older  than 
themselves.  Of  course,  other  causes  which 
led  to  decease  were  excluded,  it  was  death 
caused  by  senile  decay  was  the  sole  reason 
alluded  to.  Was  this  a  well-known  saying; 
or  merely  a  stray  cockney  allusion  ? 

W.  W.  GLENNY. 

Barking. 


236 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  SEPT.,  1919 


DAVID  M.  MAIN  AND  THE  ENGLISH 
SONNET. — David  M.  Main  in  his  preface  to 
the  '  Treasury  of  English  Sonnets  '  (ed.  1880) 
says  that  he  determined  "  not  to  encumber 
his  volume  with  the  analytical  Essay  on  the 
Sonnet  out  of  which  it  originally  grew." 
Can  any  reader  say  if  that  essay  was 
ever  printed,  either  separately  or  in  any 
periodical  ?  ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

Public  Library,  Gloucester. 

LUCIEN  BONAPARTE  :  PRISONER  IN  ENG 
LAND.  — Madame  Jtmot,  Duchesse  d' Abrantes, 
at  p.  146,  vol.  iv.,  of  her  'Memoirs  (Bentley 
&  Sons,  1893),  relates  that  Lucien  Bona- 
parte on  being  taken  prisoner  by  the  English 
was  conducted  to  Ludlow  Castle  and  placec 
under  the  charge  of  Lord  Powis,  Lore 
Lieutenant  of  the  county.  Is  this  accurate, 
and  was  any  part  of  the  Castle  habitable  so 
recently  as  1810  ?  GRAHAM  MILWARD. 

77  Colmore  Row,  Birmingham. 

FEAST  or  THE  ASSUMPTION  :  SIGN  OF  THE 
CROSS.- — Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  oi 
an  instance  in  which  they  have  heard 
Aug.  15,  the  Feast  of  the  Assumption, 
spoken  of  as  "  Lady  T)ay  in  harvest  "  ? 
I  believe  that  it  was  so  called  by  the  peasan- 
try in  past  days  and  I  am  very  anxious  to 
know  if  the  usage,  or  any  definite  record  of 
it,  still  survives. 

I  should  be  grateful  also  for  any  informa- 
tion as  to  old  Catholic  practices,  such  as  the 
use  of  the  sign  of  the  cross,  which  may  still 
exist,  to  your  readers'  knowledge.  I  am 
trying  to  collect  traces  of  such.  I  may  add 
that  I  do  not  want  to  trouble  any  one  for 
more  than  a  postcard. 

MARGARET  A.  MOULE. 

Thistledown,  Bearton  Avenue,  Hitchin,  Herts. 

MARY  CLARKE  or  NEW  YORK.— There  is 
a  tablet  to  her  memory  in  the  chancel  of 
Millbrook  Church,  Bedfordshire,  in,  which 
she  is  described  as  wife  of  Richard  Vassall 
of  Jamaica  who  was  born  in  1730,  died  1795. 
Any  particulars  regarding  Mary  Clarke, 
especially  in  regard  to  her  connection  with 
Millbrook,  will  be  welcome. 

HARRY  P.  POLLARD. 

MARYLEBONE  BURIAL  GROUNDS. — On  the 
south  side  of  Paddington  Street  is  the 
largest  ground,  consecrated  temp.  George  I. 
The  site  having  been  converted  into  a  public 
garden  the  headstones  have  been  mostly 
set  up  against  the  boundary  wall,  others 
having  been  laid  flat  to  form  a  walk.  Very 
few  of  the  inscriptions  are  now  legible, 
owing  to  incrustations  of  dirt  and  the  effect 
of  the  weather.  Some  stones  have  had 


identification  numbers  painted  on  thei 
Is  any  list  in  existence  ?  The  majority  ht 
"Mr."  but  a  few  "Esq."  Among  tl 
latter  I  noticed  Robert  Auchmuty,  Judj 
of  the  Admiralty  in  New  England,  who 
death  is  not  given  in  Sabine's  '  America 
Loyalists.'  V.  L.  OLIVER,  F.S.A. 

Sunninghill. 

WOODEN  PEGS  :  SCREWS. — I  should  1 
glad  to  know  when  wooden  pegs  in  furnitu 
were  displaced  by  pointless  screws,  and  wh< 
the  latter  gave  way  to  pointed  screws. 

J.    W.    SWITHINBANK. 
Sheffield. 

RALPH  GRIFFITH. — A  few  particulars  ar 
dates  of  birth  and  death  of  the  founder  < 
conductor  of  Monthly  Review,  1749-178 
will  be  esteemed  ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

MAULE. — Information  concerning  the  fc 
lowing  Maules  who  were  educated  at  Wes 
minster  School  is  desired  : — 

(1)  John  Maule,  admitted  in  1787. 

(2)  Robert     Maule,     admitted     in     174' 
aged  10, 

(3)  Willaim  Maule,  admitted  in  1786. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

MARTIN. — Information  is  much  wante 
about  the  following  Martins,  who  wei 
educated  at  Westminster  School  :  — 

(1)  Charles  Martin,  admitted  1766. 

(2)  Charles  Martin,  son  of  Charles  Marti 
of  Charleston,  South  Carolina,  who  wras  ac 
initted  a  King's  Scholar  1772,  aged  13.   . 

(3)  Edward  Martin,  who  graduated  M.^ 
at  Camb.  Univ.  from  Trin.  Coll.  1606. 

(4)  George  Martin,  admitted  1772. 

(5)  George  Martin,  admitted  1783. 

(6)  John  Martin,  who   graduated  M.A.  a 
Camb.  Univ.  from  Trin.  Coll.  1649. 

(7)  John  Martin,  admitted  1718,  aged  15. 

(8)  Leonard 'Mar  tin,  admitted  1727,  aged  1$ 

(9)  Richard  Martin,  admitted!720,  aged  1] 

(10)  Samuel  Martin,  admitted  1722,  aged  7 

(11)  Thomas  Martin,  admitted  1720,  aged  14 

G.  F.  R,  B. 

NEWTON,  R.A.  :  PORTRAITS  WANTED. — '. 
shall    be    glad    of    particulars    of    portrait 
Dainted  by  Gilbert  Stuart  Newton,  R.A. 
E.  ALFRED  JONES. 
6  Fig  Tree  Court,  Temple,  E.C. 

CRUSADERS'  NAMES. — A  list  of  the  recruit; 
Burnished  to  the  third  Crusade  exists  in  * 
VIS.  penes  Dean  and  Chapter  of  Canterbury 
Has  this  ever  been  printed,  if  so,  where  anc 
vhen  ?  J.  H.  R 


12  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


GEORGE  DYER  :  PORTRAIT  AND  AUTO- 
BIOGRAPHY.— Do  any  of  your  readers  know 
anything  of  the  present  whereabouts  of  the 
portrait  of  George  Dyer  (Lamb's  friend, 
1755-1841),  once  owned  by  Theodore  Watts- 
Dunton,  or  of  the  present  or  former  where- 
abouts of  the  manuscript  autobiography  of 
Dyer  quoted  in  the  obituary  notice  in  The 
Gentleman's  Magazine,  and  the  materials 
collected  by  Dyer  for  a  bibliographical  work 
—all  referred  to  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  ?  Has  the 
portrait  ever  been  engraved  ? 

CHRISTOPHER  MORLEY. 

1722  Pine  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

"  VALHALLA." — Can  any  one  explain  why 
the  German  word  "  valhalla "  should  be 
employed  in  English  ?  Our  forefathers, 
Anglo-Saxon  and  Norse,  knew  nothing  oi 
the  a  suffix  tacked  on  by  foreign  Teutons. 
N.  POWLETT,  Col. 

"  BUFFALOES." — About  two  thousand 
Yorkshire  members  of  the  "  Royal  Ante- 
diluvian Order  of  Buffaloes  "  lately  assem- 
bled at  a  memorial  service,  held  in  church, 
with  reference  to  the  hecatomb  which  their 
society  had  contributed  to  war- victims. 
Will  some  one  tell  me  why  the  members  are 
"  Buffaloes,"  and  how  they  are  "  ante- 
diluvian "  ?  ST.  SWITHIN. 

JOHN  WILSON,  BOOKSELLER  :  HIS  CATA- 
LOGUE.— Do  any  of  your  readers  know 
whether  or  not  there  is  still  in  existence,  and 
where,  a  copy  of  the  book  catalogue  of  John 
Wilson,  London  bookseller,  who  died  in  1889, 
in  which  (possibly  on  the  front  cover)  first 
appeared  the  well  known  "  O  !  for  a  booke 
and  a  shadie  nooke "  lines  ?  (See  10  S. 
ix.  192,  Mar.  7,  1908,  communication  of  MR. 
AUSTIN  DOBSON.) 

CHRISTOPHER  MORLEY. 

1722  Pine  Street,  Philadelphia,  Pa. 

DR.  STOCKS. — Information  wanted  of  a 
Dr.  Stocks.  He  was  a  traveller,  and  I 
understand  he  presented  many  years  ago 
some  of  his  collection  (woods,  &c.)  to  a 
museum  in  Kew  Gardens. 

MONTAGUE  PAWSON. 
58  Coleman  Street,  E.C. 

CORNWALL:  UNWRITTEN  BOOK. — Borrow 
is  said  to  have  made  a  lot  of  memoranda  for 
his  proposed  book  on  Cornwall,  which  was 
advertised  at  the  end  of  '  The  Romany  Rye,' 
but  was  never  written.  Can  any  one  tell  me 
wh  re  these  memoranda  are  ?  They  would 
be  worth  printing  just  as  they  stand. 

J.  H.  ROWE. 


CARACTACUS  :  DRUIDS. — Can  any  reader 
tell  me  where  to  find  particulars  of  the  life 
of  Caractacus  ?  I  wish  to  know  the  names 
of  his  wife,  daughter,  son-in-law  (was  this 
Caius  ?),  of  the  Arch-Druid,  and  of  the 
Roman  tribune  with  whom  he  had  dealings. 
I  want  any  information  outside  of  Tacitus. 
Where  did  Hume  get  his  information  from 
on  the  subject  ?  I  do  not  mind  if  the 
references  are  to  Spanish,  French,  or  German 
works. 

At  the  same  time  can  a  reader  give  me  the 
name  of  a  very  good  German  work  on  the 
Druids  ? 

I  am  anxious  to  get  all  this  information  as 
early  as  I  can.  M.  LUCK. 

THE  SIMPLON  TUNNEL  :  MAN  AND  THE 
SIMPLON. — Does  anyone  know  of  a  transla- 
tion from  (I  fancy)  Italian  of  a  description 
of  the  construction  of  the  tunnel  given  to  a 
passer-by  by  a  workman  who,  with  his 
father,  had  both  worked  therein  ?  The 
father  died  before  the  feat  was  accomplished, 
and  the  son  promises  to  visit  his  tomb  and 
tell  him  if  man  has  been  able  to  triumph 
over  nature.  The  English  translation  begirs 
with  :  "  A  blue  lake  is  deeply  set  in  moun- 
tains capped  with  eternal  snow." 

A.  D.  B. 

RICHENDA  :  ORIGIN  OF  NAME. — What  is 
the  origin  of  the  woman's  name  Richenda, 
and  how  does  it  obtain  among  gipsies  as  well 
as  in  such  a  family  as  the  Gurneys  of 
Norfolk  ?  F.  M.  BLAND. 

Inglethorpe  Manor,  Wisbech. 

LOUISA  SPELT  LEWEEZER. — In  the  church- 
yard of  the  old  church  on  the  hill  at  Llan- 
drindod  Wells,  I  came  across  a  tombstone  oil 
which  the  Christian  name  Louisa  was  spelt 
Leweezer.  Is  this  unique  ? 

INQUIRER  (3). 

OLD  WATCH-  AND  CLOCK-MAKERS. — Was 
John  Price  of  Deptford  (a  maker  of  watches) 
the  man  of  this  name  apprenticed  to  R. 
Nemes  in  C.C.  in  1678  ?  (See  Britten, 
2nd  edn.,  p.  678.) 

Is  anything  known  of  Michael  Knight  of 
Brighthelmstone,  clock-maker  ? 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

WELSH  PUPILS  OF  RICHARD  WILSON,  R.A. 
— Can  a  list  be  given  of  whom  they  were  and 
where  they  were  wont  to  foregather  ?  Did 
any  of  his  pupils  attain  any  distinction  as 
landscape  painters  ? 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 


238 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         [12  s.  v.  SEPT.,  1919. 


STAND ABD:  REFERENCE  WANTED. — In,  a 
poem  written  a  number  of  years  ago  relating 
to  a  picture  shown  in  some  British  exhibi- 
tion, and  representing  a  grandmother, 
daughter,  and  granddaughter,  it  is  said  of 
the  last  that  she  was  in  the  Court  that 

Greeted,  when  the  "standard"  fell, 
A  Hanoverian  king. 

I  am  not  sure  that  I  have  the  lines  exactly 
right,  but  there  was  a  reference  to  the 
"  standard."  What  is  the  meaning  of  this 
reference?  HENRY  LEFFMAUN. 

Philadelphia. 

"  OLD  LADY  OF  THREAD  NEEDLE  STREET." 
. — Can  any  reader  kindly  inform  me  when 
and  by  whom  the  Bank  of  England  first  got 
the  name  of  "  The  Old  Lady  of  Threadneedle 
Street  "  ?  MABERLY  PHILLIPS,  F.S.A. 

Steyning,  Enfield. 

[See  11  S.  i.  89,  177.] 

CAPT.  B.  GRANT. — Can  any  of  your  cor- 
respondents give  me  any  information  regard- 
ing Capt.  B.  Grant,  wounded  at  Waterloo 
while  serving  in  an  infantry  regiment  ? 

A.  T.  CROSSE. 

13,  Drayton  Gardens,  S.W.10. 

TWINING  -H  A  YNES     MARRIAGE  .  — Want  ed , 

evidence   of  the   marriage   of   John   Aldred 

Twining  of  Twickenham  and  Emma  Haynes, 

probably  about  1808.     Please  reply  direct  to 

(Sir)  ALFRED  IRWIN. 

49  Ailesbury  Road,  Dublin. 

SHIELD  OF  FLANDERS. — The  ancient  shield 
of  Flanders  was :  — Gyronny  or  and  azure, 
an  inescutcheon  gules.  The  modern  shield 
is :  Or,  a  lion  rampant  sable.  When  and  by 
whom  was  the  change  made  ? 

H.  I.  HALL. 

9  Neeld  Parade,  Wembley  Hill. 

*  THE  MOAT  ISLAND.' — I  came  into  posses- 
sion recently  of  an  engraving  entitled  '  The 
Moat  Island,'  T.  Sandby  del.,  F.  Nivarez, 
sculp.  The  number  "  3  "  in  the  corner  seems 
to  indicate  that  this  picture  is  one  of  a  series. 
It  was  published  March  2,  1772,  by  John 
Boydell,  engraver,  in  Cheapside,  London. 
I  would  like  to  find  out  whether  the  picture 
refers  to  some  existing  locality,  and  if  so, 
where  this  moat  island  is  to  be  found. 

R.  P.  HOMMELL. 

Lehigh  University,  U.S.A. 

EDWARD  THE  CONFESSOR'S  CROWN. — The 
English  "  regalia,"  including  the  famous 
crown  of  Edward  the  Confessor,  were 
destroyed  about  the  time  of  the  Common- 
wealth. I  am  interested  in  a  representation, 
I  believe,  of  this  crown  in  a  tapestry  I  suppose 


to  be  of  James  I.'s  time.  The  shape  is  of  a 
sort  of  circle  surmounted  by  two  half-circles, 
enriched  with  pearls,  and  at  the  top  by  a 
small  orb  with  lion.  Are  any  other  repre- 
sentations of  the  same  known  in  England  or 
does  any  reliable  description  exist  ? 

P.  TURPIN. 
44  Heath  Terrace,  Leamington. 

DAVID,  "  EPISCOPUS  RECREENSIS." — In 
1315,  after  the  death  of  Archbishop  William 
Greenfield,  David,  "  Episcopus  Recreensis," 
was  commissioned  by  the  Dean  and  Chapter 
of  York  to  reconcile  the  churchyard  of 
St.  Mary,  Bishophill,  senior,  Yorks,  polluted 
by  blood-shedding.  Is  it  known  from  what 
see  this  bishop  derived  his  title  ?  An  Irish 
origin  has  been  suggested. 

WILLIAM  BROWN. 

The  Old  House,  Sowerby,  Thirsk. 

ELEPHANT  :  OLIPHANT.  — In  The  Times 
Literary  Supplement  for  August  some  corre- 
spondence has  been  published  concerning 
the  site  of  the  Elephant  tavern  in  South- 
wark,  and  old  documents  are  quoted  where 
the  words  "  elephant  "  and  "  oliphant  "  are 
both  used  to  indicate  the  place.  Did  this 
well-known  Scottish  surname  originate  in  the 
name  of  the  quadruped  ? 

J.  LAND  FEAR  LUCAS. 

Glendora,  Hindhead,  Surrey. 

COL.  BARNARD,  1778. — Who  was  the  Col. 
Barnard  who  is  represented  in  the  portrait 
group  by  Romney  recently  purchased  for  the 
National  Gallery.  A  description  of  the 
picture  appeared  in  The  Times  of  June  9 
last.  H.  C.  B. 

BIRTH  AND  BARTH  PLACE-NAMES. — In 
the  Registers  of  the  Society  of  Friends  at 
Somerset  House,  I  find  two  persons  de- 
scribed as  "of  Birth"  and  "of  Barth " 
respectively.  As  they  both  appear  in- 
digenous to  Suffolk,  I  suppose  these  place?, 
or  this  place,  to  be  in  Suffolk,  but  can  find 
no  trace  of  such  a  place  in  that  county. 
Have  your  readers  any  suggestion  ? 

RICHARD  FREE. 

St.  Clement's  Vicarage,  Fulham,  S.W. 

ST.  JOHN  BAPTIST  HEADS.  (See  ante, 
p.  209.)- — In  what  building  in  Nottingham 
are  these  and  the  other  figures  mentioned 
by  Dr.  Philip  Nelson  to  be  found  ? 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

POEMS  WANTED. — Wanted  the  title  of  a 
book  of  poems  written  in  India  in  1867-8  by 
the  late  Sir  Gilbert  Campbell. 

F.  M.  BLAND. 


42  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


239 


AUTHOR  OF  QUOTATION  WANTED. — 

1.  They  shall  not  pass. 

CJan  any  reader  supply  the  words  and  author  of 
this  poem  which  appeared  in  the  film  of  the  life 
of  Lord  Kitchener  ?  Please  reply  direct. 

(Miss)  GWEX  GALBRAITH. 

10  Binswood  Avenue,  Leamington  Spa. 

2.  Can  any  of  your  correspondents  kindly  give 
me    any  clue    to  words   and    music  of  some   lines 
which  my  mother  taught  me  fifty  years   ago  ?     1 
give  a  stanza  from  memory : — 

Yes  !  I  will  leave  the  battle  field. 

And  seek  again  my  native  land. 
I  cast  aside  my  spear  and  shield 

And  join  the  merry  mountain  band. 
To  roam  o'er  hills  and  valleys  green, 

I'd  gaily  rise  at  early  dawn, 
And  listen  to  the  echo  wild 

Of  the  merry  mountain  horn. 

H.  HARGRAVE. 
Glen  Hill,  Oadby,  Leicester. 

3.  Can  any  reader  kindly  tell  me  the  author  of 
these  clever  lines  on  'The  Road '? — 

I  am  the  way  the  Past  has  trod, 

I  wear  the  dust  of  ages  ; 
On  me  the  Future,  yet  unshod, 

Must  travel  through  its  stages. 

I  am  the  means  whereby  men  meet 

The  parting  place  of  others ; 
For  I,  like  Death,  divide  the  past 
Of  comrades,  sweethearts,  brothers. 

J.  HARRIS  STONE. 
•Oxford  and  Cambridge  Club. 


YEOMAN  OF  THE   MOUTH. 

{12  S.  iii.  508;  iv.  89) 

IT  is  impossible  after  this  lapse  of  time 
to  define  the  duties  of  this  post,  and  they 
can  only  be  guessed  at  from  the  title.  In 
Chamberlayne's  '  Present  State  of  Eng- 
land,' 1700,  among  the  thirty -four  different 
departments  of  the  "  Queen's  Household 
Officers  and  Servants,  attending  in  the 
several  Offices  below  Stairs,  under  the  Com- 
mand of  William,  Duke  of  Devonshire,  Lord 
Steward,'  such  as  the  Buttery,  Ewry, 
Acatery,  Poultery,  Almondry,  &c.,  appears 
the  name  of  "  Jo.  Centlivre,  Yeoman, 
Mouth,  wages  51.,  and  Board  Wages  45Z. 
per  Annum,"  under  the  heading  of  "  Privy 
Kitchen,"  following  the  first,  second,  and 
third  clerks,  the  master  cook,  second  and 
third  ditto,  and  preceding  four  yeomen,  four 
grooms,  and  four  children.  "  In  each  Office 
there  is  a  Succession  from  one  to  another  ; 
thus  one  of  the  Children  may  come  to  be  a 
Groom,  then  Yeoman,  then  Gentleman,  then 
Serjeant,  as  he  happens  to  out-live  them 


above  him"  (ibid.,  716).  "The  Yeomen 
are  chiefly  employ 'd  in  Soups,  Ragousts,  &c. 
The  Grooms  for  boil'd  Meats  ;  and  the  Chil- 
dren for  all  Meats  roasted."  ('The  True 
State  of  England,  1734.') 

The  Historical  Register  for  Jan.  20,  1725, 
says  :  "  Dy'd  Mr.  Joseph  Centlivre,  Master- 
Cook  to  his  Majesty "  ;  and,  earlier,  on 
Dec.  1,  1723,  said  of  his  wife,  the  poetess  : 
"  Dy'd  Mrs.  Centlivre,  Author  of  The  Busy 
Body,  and  several  other  Plays.  She  was 
wife  of  Mr.  Joseph  Centlivre,  one  of  the 
Yeomen  of  the  Kitchen  to  his  Majesty." 

He  was  succeeded  as  Yeoman  of  the 
Mouth  by  Claude  Arnold  in  March,  1724, 
and  he  again  in  Jan.,  1725,  by  Henry 
Daniel,  whose  board  wages  were  551.  in 
1727,  but  who  in  1734  was  Master  Cook 
of  the  Queen's  Privy  Kitchen  at  III.  Ss.  l$d. 
and  108Z.  11s.  10M. 

In  1734  Henry  Lyon  was  Yeoman  of  the 
Mouth  of  the  King's  Privy  Kitchen,  while 
John  Humston  held  the  same  post  in  the 
Queen  Consort's  Privy  Kitchen,  both^  at  6CZ. 
In  1737  Joseph  Lemarey  held  the  office  to 
the  King,  and  William  Calboun,  sen.,  to  the 
Queen  Consort.  "  Henry  Lyon  of  the 
King's  Kitchen,"  died  Jan.  18,  1754  (London 
Magazine),  having  been  made  second  Master 
Cook  at  III.  Ss.  Hd.  wages  and  100Z.  11*.  W$d 
board  wages,  before  1741.  In  1748  Joseph 
Lemarey  was  still  Yeoman  of  the  Mouth, 
Daniel  Durant  and  Anthony  Trolling  were 
two  of  the  four  Yeomen  at  60Z.  each,  and 
Thomas  Griffith  was  a  groom  at  501.,  and 
from  other  similar  lists  it  appears  that  one 
of  the  children  at  40Z.  would  in  years  later  be 
found  to  have  been  promoted  to  groom, 
yeoman,  Yeoman  of  the  Mouth,  and  master- 
cook  successively.  Michael  Heathcote  was 
one  of  the  two  Grooms  of  the  Pantry  at 
21.  13s.  4d.  and  37Z.  6s.  8d.  in  1741  and  1748 
but  by  1755  had  been  promoted  to  Gentleman 
and  Yeoman  of  the  Pantry  at  60Z.,  but  this 
was  another  branch  of  the  Lord  Steward's 
department. 

In  1750  the  style  was  altered  to  the  King's 
Private  Kitchen,  when  Daniel  Durant  was 
Yeoman  of  the  Mouth  at  60Z.  ;  Anthony 
Froling  held  it  in  1755,  being  succeeded  by 
Thomas  Griffith  two  years  later,  who  held 
it  till  1761,  when  the  style  was  again  altered 
to  the  King's  Kitchen,  and  Henry  Teget- 
meyer  was  appointed  at  140/.  a  year,  and 
held  it  in  1769.  The  London  Magazine  gives 
his  death  on  Mar.  8,  1779,  as  :  "  —  Teget- 
meyer,  cook  to  the  King  "  (being  then  first 
master-cook  at  237Z.  10s.). 

Other  holders  of  the  post  were  John  Dixon 
in  1773,  W.  Weybrow,  who  succeeded  him 


240 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


in.  1778,  who  was  succeeded  by  G.  Harris 
before  1781  ;  Nathaniel  Gardiner  at  138Z.  in 
1783  and  1797  ;  Peter  Donaldson  in  1800, 
who  was  succeeded  by  George  Rawlinson  in 
1808,  who  was  succeeded  by  J.  Teed  in  1811, 
but  the  post  was  vacant  during  the  King's 
illness,  1812  to  1820.  Henry  Beard  held  it 
1820  to  1823,  when  two  Yeomen  of  the 
Mouth,  Thomas  Huggins  and  Fr.  Chevasset 
were  appointed,  who  were  succeeded  by 
F.  Chevasset  and  John  Miller  in  1827  or 
1828.  In  1830  Alex.  Jaquiery  and  George 
Sheppard  were  appointed  to  the  position, 
and  the  latter  held  it  alone  1833  to  1837, 
being  the  last  Yeoman  of  the  Mouth 
(of.  Royal  Kalenclars). 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 


BYRON'S  '  DON  JUAN,'  CANTOS  17  AND  18. 
(12  S.  v.  170).— The  cantos  17  and  18  men- 
tioned by  your  correspondent  is  undoubtedly 
one  of  the  '  Sequels  '  mentioned  by  Mr. 
E.  H.  Coleridge  in  the  '  Works  of  Lord 
Byron,'  vol.  vi.  p.  608  (Murray,  1903). 

Mr.  Coleridge  gives  a  foot-note  on  this 
matter  on  p.  608,  which  is  as  follows  :  — 

"  May  8,  1823,  MS.— More  than  one  seventeenth 
canto  or  so-called  continuation  of  '  Don  Juan  '  has 
been  published.  Some  of  these  '  Sequels  '  pretend 
to  be  genuine,  while  others  are  undisguisedly 
imitations  or  parodies.  There  was,  however,  a 
foundation  for  the  myth.  Before  Byron  left  Italy 
he  had  begun  (May  8,  1823)  a  seventeenth  canto, 
and  when  he  sailed  for  Greece  he  took  the  new 
stanzas  with  him.  Trelawnay  found  fifteen  stanzas 
of  the  seventeenth  canto  of  '  Don  Juan '  in  Byron's 
room  at  Missolonghi  ('  Recollections,'  &c.,  1858, 
p.  237).  The  MS.,  together  with  other  papers,  was 
handed  over  to  J.  C.  Hobhouse,  and  is  now  in  the 
posession  of  his  daughter  Lady  Dorchester.  The 
copyright  was  purchased  by  the  late  John  Murray. 
The  fourteen  (nob  fifteen)  stanzas  are  now  printed 
and  published  for  the  first  time." 

The  other  four  parts  which  are  mentioned 
in  the  paper  bindings,  and  published  at 
Is.  each,  by  J.  Hunt  of  Old  Bond  Street, 
are  not  original  first  editions  of  the  various 
cantos  of  '  Don  Juan.'  These  were  pub- 
lished as  follows  :  — 

Cantos  1     2.     T.   Davidson,    Whitefriars, 

1819.    4to  ...  ...  price  £1  11    6 

Cantos  1,2.  T.Davidson  (new  edition),  1819, 

8vo       ...  ...  ...  9    6 

Cantos  3,  4,  5.  T.  Davidson,  1821,  8vo          ..96 
Cantos  6,  7,  8.  John  Hunt,  1823       ...  ..96 

Cantos  9,  10,  11.  John  Hunt,  1823  ...  ..96 

Cantos  12,  13,  14.  John  Hunt,  1823 96 

Cantos  15,  16.  John  &  H.  L.  Hunt,  1824      ..96 

None  of  these  editions  were  published  with 
Byron's  name. 

I  have  in  my  collection  a  similar  set  of 
Poems  in  six  volumes  to  those  your  corre- 


spondent mentions,  but  mine  differ  some- 
what in  dates  to  those  given.  The  par- 
ticulars of  my  set  are  as  follows  :  — 

Vol.1        fin  2  vols)  J.  F.  Dove  1828.*- 

Vol.2        (in  2  vols)        ...  J.  F.  Dove  1828.* 

Vol.  3        (in  4  vols)        ...  J.  Murray  1830. 

Vol.  4        (in  4  vols)        ...  J.  Murray  1830. 

Vol.  5  (no  mention  of  4  vols)  J.  Murray  1831, 

Vol.  6  „  „  J.  Murray  1831. 

I  have  also  another  edition  of  Lord 
Byron's  works  in  my  collection  which  has 
the  same  variation,  viz.,  six  volumes  pub- 
lished by  Murray,  1827.  The  last  two 
volumes  are  uniform  with  the  above,, 
containing  '  Don  Juan,'  published  by 
Davidson,  1828. 

It  is  difficult  to  say  how  these  variations 
occur,  except  that  at  that  time  there  were 
a  great  number  of  collected  works  of  Lord 
Byron  published  within  a  few  years,  and  it 
looks  as  though  several  of  these  editions 
have  got  mixed  up  in  the  collections,  and 
hence  have  come  through  in  this  manner. 
HERBERT  C.  ROE. 

Sunnyholme,  Alexandra  Park,  Nottingham. 

In  1903  was  published  by  a  London  firm. 
"  Don  Juan,  XVIIth  and  XVIIIth  Cantos," 
74  pp.,  containing  80  and  79  stanzas  respec- 
tively. The  lines  quoted  at  reference  do 
not  appear,  and  the  work  (for  what  it  was- 
worth)  seemed  to  be  original. 

'A    Sequel    to    "Don    Juan"       (10     ! 
ii.  ,55),  had  this  advertisement  prefixed  : — 

"Five  cantos  of  the  'Sequel  to  Don  Juan  '  are- 
now  issued  to  the  public  :  should  they  be  received 
with   favour,  eleven   more   will   shortly   follow,  i\ 
being  the  original  intention  of  the  writer  to  extend 
the  work  to  the  same  length  as  the  '  Don  Juan  '  of 
Lord  Byron.     In  the  meantime  the  author  deems- 
it  prudent  to  withold  (sic)  his  name  from  the  title- 
page— with  the  promise,   however,  that  he  shall' 
feel  bound  to  reveal  himself  should  the  remaining-, 
eleven  cantos  of  his  poem  be  called  for." 

Anonymous  both  as  to  author  and  date- 
(the  latter  appearing,  from  internal  evi- 
dence, to  be  1840  or  a  few  years  later),, 
the  '  Sequel  '  has  been  attributed  to  G.  W.  M- 
Reynolds  ;  but  the  above  advertisement  is 
quite  unlike  his  style ;  and  though  there- 
may  be  points  of  resemblance  between  the* 
'  Sequel  '  and  passages  in  Reynolds' s  works, 
assertions  in  the  former's  text  as  to  trie- 
family  and  seemingly  far  from  flourishing 
circumstances  of  the  author,  and  ill-treat- 
ment of  him  by  a  relative,  leave  me  with  a 


*  It  is  strange  these  volumes  published  by  Dove 
also  contain  '  Don  Juan '  similar  to  the  other 
edition  mentioned  below  by  Davidson.  It  is  most 
probable  Murray  still  adhered  to  his  refusal  to 
publish  l  Don  Juan.' 


12  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


241 


trong  impression  that  G.  W.  M.  Reynolds 
^as  not  the  writer. 

Can  it  be  stated  whether  the  contemplated 
leven  cantos  were  claimed  by  and  given  to 
he  public  ;  and  if  such  were  the  case,  if  the 
uthor  "  revealed  himself  "  as  promised  ? 

W.  B.  H. 
[DR.  LEFFMANN  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

WILLIAM  HOORDE  (12  S.  v.  179),  the 
Winchester  Scholar  of  1555,  was  the  son  of 
loger  Hoorde  (Horde  or  Hurde),  the 
cholar  of  1527.  The  marginal  note  to 
loger's  name  in  the  College  Register  is 

Vergifer  ecclesie  cathedralis  Winton.,"  and 
is  career  explains  why,  though  he  himself 
ras  a  native  of  Shrewsbury,  his  son  William 
^as  born  in  the  soke  of  Winchester.  In 
541  Roger  Hurde  was  "  chyef  sexten " 
t  the  Cathedral  ('Winchester  Cathedral 
)ocuments,'  i.  55,  Hampshire  Record  Soc.). 
n  May,  1559,  when  Dr.  White,  the  Bishop  of 
Winchester,  was  a  prisoner  in  the  Tower  of 
.ondon,  Roger  Horde  was  one  of  the 
•ishop's  officers  who  were  permitted  to  see 
im  there  about  his  accounts  ( '  Acts  of 
'rivy  Council,'  N.S.  vii.  103).  Thomas 
ryrdeler,  another  of  these  officers,  had  also 
een  a  Winchester  Scholar.  The  will,  dated 
[ay  6,  1580,  of  Roger  Hoorde,  of  Wolvesaye, 
-as  proved  on  Oct.  23,  1581,  by  Peter 
ohnson,  notary  public,  proctor  for  the 
jstator's  son  William,  the  executor  (P.C.C., 
6  Darcy).  According  to  some  notes  that 
have  of  the  will,  the  testator  desired  to  be 
uried  at  the  College,  where  his  wife  had 
[ready  been  buried,  and  therefore  be- 
ueathed  to  the  College  the  works  of  Origen, 
asil,  TertulHan,  and  Gregory  of  Nazianzus 
iloorde's  copies  of  these  books  do  not  seem 
)  be  now  in  our  Fellows'  Library).  He 
tentioned  his  daughters:  (1)  Iline  Ilman 
vhose  children,  Richard,  Thomas,  William 
id  Alice  were  surnamed  Symonds)  ;  (2)  Alice 
oodlake  (who  had  three  sons),  and 
i)  Thomazine  (mother  to  Thomas  and 
nne  Chidley).  His  son  William  Hoorde 
he  residuary  legatee)  had  four  children, 
oger,  John,  Clare  and  Ellen.  Mr.  Thomas 
enslowe  and  his  brother  Mr.  Harrie 
enslowe  were  appointed  overseers  of  the 
ill.  H.  C. 

Winchester  College. 

ETCHINGS    BY   T.    PARKER,    1838    (12    S. 

183).— T.  Parker,  or  rather  T.  H.  Parker, 
as  my  grandfather.  The  original  copper - 
ate  of  the  etching  MR.  ABRAHAMS  refers 

is  still  in  my  possession.  I  have  never 
sard  of  any  other  views  round  London 


etched  by  him,  and  I  think  that  the  late  Mr. 
Fawcett  was  wrong  in  his  surmise. 

The  old  firm  of  T.  H.  Parker  is  still  in 
existence  at  12a  Berkeley  Street,  Piccadilly, 
and  I  represent  the  fourth  generation  carry- 
ing on  the  business,  established  in  1790. 

Early  in  1917  my  brother  suddenly  dying, 
and  I  and  most  of  the  staff  serving  in  the 
army,  I  had  no  other  option  but  to  close 
down  the  business  temporarily  until  Christ- 
mas, 1918,  when  I  was  invalided  out,  and 
able  to  re-establish  the  business  at  its 
present  address.  HARRY  PARKER. 

EXETER  CATHEDRAL  EPITAPH  (12  S. 
v.  152). — In  Fuller's  '  Worthies '  is  the 
epitaph  of  William  Scot,  buried  in  Braborne 
Church,  Kent,  "  qui  obiit  5  Febr.  1433." 
There  are  four  hexameters,  the  last  two 
being  :  — 

Quisquis  eris  qui  transieris,  sic  perlege,  plora. 
Sum  quod  eris,  fueramque  quod  es,  pro  me,  precor, 

ora. 

This  is  over  fifty  years  earlier  than  the  date 
given  for  Sy Ike's  death. 

Weever,  '  Ancient  Funerall  Monuments,' 
p.  609,  has  an  inscription  over  a  member  of 
the  Coggeshall  family  from  Maldon,  Essex, 
the  year  of  death  being  given  as  1427  (Jan.  9). 
It  contains  the  two  lines  quoted  above,  with 
the  difference  of  sta  for  sic  in  the  first. 

Nathan  Chytraeus,  '  Delicise,'  1606,  p.  298, 
gives  two  undated  lines  at  Augsburg  :  — 
Quisquis  ades,  qui  morte  cades,  sta,  respice,  plora. 
Sum  quod  eris,   modicum  cineris,  pro  me,  precor, 

ora. 

An  inscription  closely  resembling  the  above, 
if  not  identical  with  it,  in  the  church  at 
Santeuil  (Seine-et-Oise),  was  the  subject  of 
correspondence  in  vols.  Ixxi.  and  Ixxii.  of 
L' Intermediaire,  but  the  writer  who  intro- 
duced it  did  not  recognise  the  metre. 

In  one  form  or  another  the  lines  are  widely 
spread.     It  will  be  interesting  to  see  if  MR. 
WAINE  WRIGHT'S    query   draws   an   example 
of  still  earlier  date  than  those  given  here. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Oudle  Cottage,  Much  Hadham,  Herts. 

JOSEPH  KNIBB,  CLOCKMAKER  (12  S. 
v.  123). — Three  or  four  members  of  the 
Knibb  family  are  known  among  the  seven- 
teenth century  clockmakers,  but  the  most 
eminent  was  Joseph,  of  whom  MR.  WAIN- 
WRIGHT  will  find  a  very  long  notice  in 
Britten's  '  Old  Clocks  and  Watches  and 
their  Makers,'  together  with  several  illus- 
trations of  miniature,  bracket,  and  long- 
case  clocks.  Particular  note  is  also  made 
of  the  peculiar  striking  features  of  many  of 
them.  A  perusal  of  the  new  edition  of 


242 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  SEPT.,  1919. 


Britten,  published  by  Batsford  in  1911 
will  reveal  much  interesting  information 
about  Dial  numbering  and  striking  arrange- 
ments. Cescinsky  and  Webster's  book 

*  English  Domestic  Clocks  '  (Routledge,  1913) 
and  also  Moore's   *  Old  Clock  Book,'   pub- 
lished by  HeinemanR  in  1912,  may  be  read 
with  advantage.          ARCHIBALD  SPARKB. 

CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  MARRIAGE  SERVICE 
(12  S.  v.  208), — With  reference  to  the 
inquiry  by  DR.  WILLCOCK,  Scott  was  quite 
accurate  in  '  The  Fortunes  of  Nigel  '  in 
making  Lord  Dalgarno  speak  of  "  that 
happy  portion  of  the  Prayer  Book  which 
begins  with  '  dearly  beloved  '  and  ends  with 

*  amazement.'  '      The     Anglican     marriage 
service  opens  by  the  clergyman  addressing 
the  congregation  as  "  dearly  beloved,"  and 
it  ends  with  an  exhortation  to  the  newly- 
married  couple  as  to  their  respective  duties, 
women     being     in     subjection     unto     their 
husbands,  "  even  as  Sarah  obeyed  Abraham 
calling  him  lord,  whose  daughters  ye  are  as 
long  as  ye  do  well,  and  are  not  afraid  with 
any    amazement."  W.  S.   YATES. 

Birmingham. 
I  MR.  F.  A.  RUSSELL  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

SIR  PETER  DENIS  (12  S.  v.  206).— Sir 
Peter  Denis  was  a  son  of  the  Rev.  Jacob 
Denis,  a  Huguenot,  born  at  Rochefoucauld 
in  Aiigoumois  (now  Department  de  la 
Charente),  who  fled  from  France  at  the 
revocation  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes  and 
settled  at  Chester,  where  he  was  ordained, 
and  married  "  Mrs.  Martha  Leech,  who  was 
born  in  Manchester  of  a  very  antient  family 
in  Lancashire  "  (Kimber),  by  whom  he  had 
twelve  children  born  in  Chester.  Peter,  the 
youngest  but  one,  adopted  the  naval 
profession,  and  sailed  round  the  world  with 
Lord  Anson.  He  commanded  the  Centurion 
in  1747  and  the  Dorsetshire  in  1758,  and  was 
afterwards  "  one  of  the  most  foremost  ships 
of  Sir  Edward  Hawke's  fleet,"  and  took  part 
in  many  hard-fought  actions.  After  the 
peace  he  was  made  captain  of  the  Royal 
Charlotte  yacht,  and  it  was  in  this  vessel, 
with  Lord  Anson  on  board,  that  he  was  sent 
to  meet  Princess  Charlotte  of  Mecklenburg - 
Strelitz  at  Stade.  There  are  two  engravings, 
by  Pierre  Canot,  representing  the  yachts 
going  out  on  this  occasion.  My  great - 
grandmother  Elizabeth,  Duchess  of  Hamil- 
ton, was  one  of  the  two  Ladies  of  the  Bed- 
chamber sent  to  meet  the  Princess  at  Stade. 
The  voyage  back  was  performed  under  the 
charge  of  Admiral  Kingsmill.  It  lasted  ten 
days,  and  the  ladies  were  extremely  ill. 


When  the  Princess  first  saw  the  tv, 
Duchesses,  it  is  said  that  she  burst  iui 
tears  and  exclaimed  :  "  Are  all  the  women  • 
England  as  beautiful  as  you  ?  " 

Admiral  Peter  Denis  "  of  St.  Mary's,  an 
Blackmonstone  in  Romney-Marsh,  Kent 
was  created  a  baronet  Oct.  28,  1767.  H 
wife  Elizabeth  died  two  years  previous!; 
aged  44,  and  was  buried  in  the  burial-grour 
behind  the  Foundling  Hospital  belongir 
to  the  parish  of  St.  George,  Bloomsbur; 
where  there  is  also  a  monument  to  tl 
memory  of  her  mother-in-law,  "  Mrs.  Marti 
Denis,  relict  of  the  rev.  Mr.  Jacob  Denis,  wl 
departed  this  life  July  11,  1746,  age 
77  years."  The  arms  of  Sir  Peter  are  giv< 
as  :  Arg.,  a  chevron,  engrailed  between  thr< 
fleur-de-lis,  gu.  At  some  time  of  his  life  1 
must  have  been  living  in  Dublin,  as  we  fir 
there  amongst  the  Huguenot  notices  mentic 
of  his  standing  godfather  and  also  being 
witness  to  marriages. 

CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 

Swallowfield  Park,  Beading. 

Sir  Peter  Denis  was  born  at  Chester 
1713,    and    m.     Sept,     2,     1750,    Elizabe 
(known  as   "Miss  Poppet"),  dan.   of  Jol 
James   Heidegger   of   St.    James's   (a   Swi 
Count),  manager  of  the  Opera  in  Londo 
who  died  Deo.     30,   1765.     Sir    Peter    di< 
s.p.   June   12,    1778,  aged   65,  title  extinc 
will     proved     1778.     He     was     seated 
Valence  (which  he  bought  in  1753,  and  sc 
about    1766)    in    Westrane,    Kent,    and 
St.     Mary's,     Blackmonstone,     in    Romni 
Marsh,  Kent  (G.  E.  C.'s  '  Complete  Barom 
age  ' ). 

From  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  and  oth 
sources  it  appears  that  he  became  a  lie 
tenant  in  the  Royal  Navy,  1739,  and  we 
as  third  lieutenant  of  the  Centurion  wi 
Anson  round  the  world,  1740  to  174 
returning  as  his  first  lieutenant  ;  beeai 
(  master  and  commander,  June  25,  1744  ;  pc 
captain,  Feb.  9,  1745  ;  captain  of  the  Ce 
turion  (a  fourth  rate  ship,  400  men,  60gui 
February,  1747,  in  which  he  greatly  d 
tinguished  himself  in  the  battle  of  May 
following  off  Cape  Finisterre,  where 
began  the  attack,  and  was  sent  home  wi 
Anson' s  despatch  of  the  victory.  He  \\ 
appointed  to  command  the  Medway  (( 
in  March,  1755,  sat  on  the  court-martial 
the  unfortunate  Admiral  Byng  at  Por 
mouth  in  December,  1756  and  January,  17^ 
commanded  the  Namur  (second  rate,  7 
men,  92  guns),  in  1759,  and  was  ma 
captain  of  the  Dorsetshire  (a  new  70  g 
ship),  Feb.,  1758,  in  which  he  took  t 


12  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


243 


Raisonable  (64)  in  that  year,  and  began  the 
battle  off  Belleisle,  Nov.  20,  1759,  where  he 
gained  great  honour.  He  commanded 
the  Bellona  (74,  a  new  ship  just  off  the 
stocks  at  Chatham)  ;  the  Royal  Charlotte 
yacht  (of  15,5  tons,  40  men,  8  cannonade 
and  10  swivel  guns,  stationed  at  Deptford), 
from  Aguust,  1761,  till  he  was  made  rear- 
admiral  of  the  Blue,  Oct.  28,  1770,  and  of  the 
White  four  days  later ;  became  vice-admiral 
of  the  Blue,  "March  31,  1775,  then  vice- 
admiral  of  the  Red  Squadron  of  H.M.'s 
Fleet,  was  M.P.  for  Hedon  in  two  Parlia- 
ments, 1754  to  1768,  and  a  director  of 
Greenwich  Hospital,  January,  1769,  till  his 
death.  W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

[CoL.  FYNMORE    and  MR.  ARCHIBALD    SPARKE 
also  thanked  for  replies.] 

DEVONIAN  PRIESTS  EXECUTED  IN  1548-9 
(12  S.  v.  131,  183).— Anthony  Babington 
mentioned  by  your  correspondent  was  not 
a  priest,  but  a  page  to  Mary  Queen  of  Scots, 
and  there  is  no  evidence  to  show  that  he 
came  from  Devonshire.  Some  information 
concerning  him  is  given  in  Gillow's  '  Biog. 
Diet.  English  Catholics  '  (vol.  i.  p.  93), 
where  it  is  stated  that  he  was  "  concerned 
irx  a  plot  to  procure  the  liberation  of  Mary 
Queen  of  Scots  and  to  assassinate  Queen 
Elizabeth."  For  a  long  time  he  lay  con- 
cealed in  a  house  in  St.  John's  Wood  until 
compelled  by  hunger  he  fled  to  Harrow- 
on-the-Hill,  where  he  was  taken.  He  was 
executed  on  Sept,  20,  1586,  together  with 
thirteen  others  (including  John  Ballard) 
implicated  in  the  same  conspiracy.  This,  it 
will  be  observed,  is  nearly  forty  years  after 
the  date  mentioned  by  your  correspondent 
(ante,  p.  183).  As  to  George  Stocker  to 
whom  he  refers,  no  mention  of  him  is  made 
in  the  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.,'  but  some  informa- 
tion concerning  him  is  given  in  *  Notes  of 
Priests  at  Wisbech,  prisoners  in  the  Tower,' 
printed  in  Catholic  Records,  vol.  ii.  pp.  280, 
282.  Thus  "  George  Stocker,  the  old  Earl 
of  Northumberland's  man,  who  would  have 
conveyed  his  daughter  awaye  [to  save  her 
from  arrest  ?].  He  came  lately  from 
Rome "  (p.  280).  Again,  "  Feb.  7,  1587. 
George  Stocker  prisoner  [in  the  Tower] 
vj.  monthes  who  hath  been  in  ffrance  these 
xxtie  yeares,  and  came  over  to  fetch  the 
Earle  of  Westmorland's  [sic]  daughter " 
(p.  282).  The  date  of  his  execution  is  not 
given,  but  evidently  from  this  entry  it 
could  not  have  been  so  early  as  1548-9  as 
suggested  in  the  headline,  and  was  most 
probably  some  time  in  1587. 

J.  E.  HARTING. 
Portmore  Lodge,  Weybridge. 


"  ABDOLLA"  (12  S.  v.  182).— Can  this  be- 
an error  for  the  Latin  word  abolla,  meaning  a 
cloak,  which  occurs  in  the  following  places 
at  least  :  — 

Juv.,  iii.  115. — Facinus  majoris  abollae,  a  crime  • 
committed  by  one  who  wore  an  ampler  cloak,  i.e.r 
a  professed  (Stoic  or  Cynic)  philosopher. 

Juv.,  iv.  76.— Kapta   properabat  abolla  Pegasus 
(a  courtier). 

Suet.  Vit.   Calig.,  3o.  —  Ptolemaeus  ...  convertit 
hominum  oculos  fulgore  purpurese  abollse. 

Mart.,  viii.  48.— Nescit  cui  dederit  Tyriam  Cris- 
pinus  abollam. 

Prudent,  adv.  Symmachum  1,  557  [Romanorum  < 
senatum  conversum  ad  Christum  12]. 

[Anicius  Olybrius]  palmata  insignis  abolla. 
The  first  reference  suggests  that  the  garment 
had    some    speciality    of    significance ;     the  ~ 
abolla    was    a    large,    voluminous,    compre- 
hensive cloak,  serving  as  an  all -enveloping 
garment   by   day  and   a  blanket    by  night 
(Mart.,  iv.   53).  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

[G.  G.  L.  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

AMBASSADOR  (12  S.  v.  210). —This  defini- 
tion is  not  due  to  Samuel  Johnson,  nor  may 
it  go  to  the  credit  of  Izaak  Walton.      It  is  a 
witty  translation   of    a  mot   of   Sir   Henry 
Wotton's,  recorded  by  his    biographer,   but 
to  which  "  the  judicious  hooker"   nmkes  no- 
claim.      Here  is  part  of  a  passage  relating  to- 
the  authorship.     When  Sir  Henry  was  going 
as  ambassador  into  Italy, 
"as  he  passed  through  Germany   he  stayed  some 
days  at  Augusta,  where,  having  been  in  his  former 
travels  well  known  by  many  of  the  best  note  for 
learning  and  ingeniousness  (those  that  are  esteemed 
the  virtuosi  of  that  nation),  with  whom  he,  pass- 
ing an  evening  in  merriment,  was  requested  by 
Christopher  Flecamore  to  write  some  sentence  m  • 
his  Albo  (a  book  of  white  paper  which  the  German 
gentry  carry  about  with  them  for  that  purpose), 
and  Sir  Henry  Wotton,  consenting  to  that  motion,  - 
took  occasion,  from  some  accidental  discourse  of 
the  present  company,  to  give  a  pleasant  definition 
of  an  ambassador  in  these  very  words  : — 

'  Legatus  est  vir  bonus  peregr^  missus  ad  menti- 
endum  reipublicse  causa,' 

Which  Sir  Henry  Wotton  could  have  been  content 
should  have  been  thus  Englished : — 

*  An  ambassador  is   an  honest  man  sent  to  lie 
abroad  for  the  good  of  his  country.' 
But  the  word  for  lie,  being  the  hinge  upon  which 
the  conceit  was   to  turn,  was  not  to  be   expressed 
in  Latin,  as  would  admit  (in  the  hands  of  an  enemy 
especially)  so  fair  a  construction   as  Sir   Henry's  • 
thought   in    English."— '  Lives,'    Zouch's-  edition, 
pp.  128-9. 

With  us  "to  lie"  formerly  signified  "  to  • 
lodge  "  or  "  to  stay."  ST.  SWITH!N. 

Izaak  Walton  in  his    '  Life  of  Sir  Henry 
Wotton  '  says  :  — 

"  Sir  Henry  Wotton. . .  .took  an  occasion,  from 
some  accidental  discourse  of  the  present  companyv  - 
to  write  a  pleasant  definition  of  an  Ambassador 


244 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         112  s.  v.  SEPT  ,  1919. 


in  these  very  words  :  Legatus  est  yir  bonus, 
peregre  missus  ad  mentiendum  Beipublicse  causa  ; 
which  Sir  Henry  Wotton  could  have  been  content 
should  have  been  thus  Englished  :  An  Ambassador 
is  an  honest  man,  sent  to  lie  abroad  for  the  good 
of  his  country." 

The  witty  conceit  is  Walton's.     It  appears 
that   Wotton' s   blunt    definition   eventually 
•  got  him  into  trouble.  C.  A.  COOK. 

It  was  Sir  Henry  Wotton  (1568-1639) 
who  first  said  that  an  ambassador  was 
"  a  good  man  sent  to  lie  abroad  for  the 
-good  of  his  country."  According  to  the 
'  D.N.B.'  he  first  phrased  it  in  Latin  ("ad 
mentiendum  "),  which  obviously  annihilates 
the  double  entente.  The  tempering  of  the 
cynicism  with  the  jest  appears  to  have  been 
an  afterthought.  See  the  '  D.N.B.,'  vol.  Ixiii, 
p.  53,  and  Izaak  Walton's  *  Life  of  Sir  Henry 
Wotton,'  a  little  beyond  half  way  through. 

S. 

[Several  other  correspondents  also  thanked  for 
replies.  ] 

Miss  HELEN  MARIA  WILLIAMS  (12  S. 
v.  180).— Of  this  lady,  then  living,  I  find 
a  somewhat  lurid  account  in  1816,  appar- 
ently written  by  one  possessing  personal 
knowledge  from  about  1780.  Coming  from 
Berwick  to  London,  the  proceeds  of  her 
poems  and  novels  enabled  her  about  1788 
to  visit  Paris,  where  she  became  resident  in 
1791.  During  the  reign  of  Robespierre 
she  was  arrested  and  imprisoned,  but  on  his 
fall  was  released. 

"  Though  a  violent  republican,  this  woman  could 
stoop  to  eulogise  the  late  usurper  of  France ;  and, 
to  her  eternal  disgrace,  she  undertook  the  employ- 
ment of  editing  the  Correspondence  of  Louis  XVI., 
=  accompanying  all  the  letters  with  the  basest 
calumnies,  arid  the  most  brutal  observations." 

A  later  publication,  however,  ''  A  Narra- 
tive of  the  Events  which  have  taken  place 
in  France  from  the  landing  of  Napoleon 
Buonaparte  on  the  1st  of  March,  1815,  till 
the  Restoration  of  Louis  XVIIIth,  1815," 
is  credited  as  being  "a  volume  which,  if  it 
does  not  completely  atone  for  the  bad 
qualities  of  her  former  works,  will  at  least 
•entitle  her  to  respect."  She  appears  to 
have  written  some  fifteen  or  sixteen  different 
works,  and  to  have  died  in  1827. 

W.  B.  H. 

Helen  Maria  Williams  wa^  the  daughter  of 
-Charles  Williams,  an  officer  in  the  army,  and 
was  born  in  London  in  1762.  In  1782  she 
published  '  Edwin  and  Eltruda,'  a  legendary 
tale  in  verse,  and  later  wrote  many  other 
poems.  She  went  to  France  in  1788  on  a 
visit  to  her  sister,  and  from  that  time  she 


for  the  most  part  resided  there.  She  adopted 
with  enthusiasm  the  principles  and  ideas  of 
the  revolution,  and  wrote  of  it  with  a  fervour 
that  amounted  almost  to  frenzy.  She 
became  acquainted  with  many  of  the 
leading  Girondists,  was  thrown  into  prison 
by  Robespierre,  and  narrowly  escaped  the 
fate  of  so  many  of  her  friends.  In  1817  she 
took  out  letters  of  naturalisation  in  France, 
and  died  in  Paris  on  Dec.  15,  1827.  A  long 
account  of  her  will  be  found  in  the 
'  D.N.B.'  ARCHIBALD  SPABKE. 

Charlotte  Ann  Burney  in  January,  1783, 
found  her  "  superfinely  affected,"  and  Mary 
Wollstonecraft  writing  from  Paris  in  Decem- 
ber, 1794,  notes  her  affectation,  "  yet  the 
simple  goodness  of  her  heart  continually 
breaks  through  the  varnish."  I  have  seen 
it  stated  that  she  was  Imlay's  mistress. 
Johnson  met  her  at  Hoole's  in  1785  (see 
Boswell),  and  Wordsworth  met  her  in  Paris 
later  (see  Harper's  '  Life  of  Wordsworth  '). 

G.  G.  L. 

MANOR  RECORDS  (12  S.  v.  182).— The 
Court  Rolls  of  a  manor  remain  in  the 
custody  of  the  lord  of  the  manor — in 
practice  with  his  steward  who  is  usually  a 
solicitor.  In  some  cases  they  have  been 
deposited  with  the  Board  of  Agriculture 
under  Copyhold  Act  1894  s.  64.  A  list  of 
manor  customs  is  collected  by  Watkins  in 
his  book  on  Copyholds.  Where  the  Crown 
is  lord  of  the  manor  the  Court  Rolls  are 
either  with  the  Duchy  of  Lancaster  Officers 
or  the  Commissioners  of  Woods,  &c. 

G.  D.  JOHNSTON. 
10  Old  Square.  Lincoln's  Inn.  W.C.2. 

The  Manorial  Court  Rolls  should  be  in 
possession  of  the  lord  of  the  manor.  There 
are  many  Manor  Court  Rolls  in  the  Public 
Record  Office,  Chancery  Lane,  and  a  printed 
list  of  them  is  issued  by  the  Stationery 
Office.  Refer  to  Mr.  N.  J.  Hone's  '  The 
Manor  and  Manorial  Records,'  second  edi- 
tion (Methuen,  1912),  and  to  The  Manorial 
Society,  1  Mitre  Court  Buildings,  Temple, 
E.G.  ' 

Court  Rolls,  being  regarded  as  private 
title-deeds,  have  been  much  scattered  and 
destroyed.  A  well-known  dealer  would  sell 
these  invaluable  records  in  separate  mem- 
branes, so  that  the  records  of  any  one  Court 
may  at  the  present  time  be  scattered  all  over 
the  world.  Every  effort  should  be  made  to 
save  what  remain  of  them,  and  one  of  the 
best  methods  is  to  join  the  Manorial  Society. 
GEORGE  SHERWOOD. 


128.  V.  SEPT.,  1919  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


245 


'  TRILBY  '  :  '  LIFE  OF  HENRY  MAITLAND  '  : 
£EYS  WANTED  (12  S.  v.  151).— The  fol- 
owing  is  my  opinion.  In  '  Trilby '  du 
laurier  introduced  Gleyre's  Studio  in 
Jaris  ("Carrel's").  "Little  Billee "  was 
Frederick  Walker,  and  "  the  Laird,"  T.  R. 
jamont.  "  Taffy "  was  a  composite  of 
nore  than  one  original,  notably  of  a  certain 
riend  of  Mr.  Armstrong  and  Sir  Edward 
^oynter — "  a  splendidly  built  and  hand- 
lome  athlete,"  writes  Canon  Ainger. 
Vhistler  was  "  Joe  Sibley ;  "  and,  per- 
laps  as  the  portrait  was  rather  too  like, 
te  "  took  it  in  snuff "  and  wrote  fiercely 
o  The  Pall  Matt  Gazette.  An  apology  was 
nserted  in  Harper's  Magazine  (wherein 
Trilby '  was  running)  for  January,  1895. 
Che  original  numbers  are  before  me,  and 
lu  Maurier  was  certainly  emphatic  enough 
vith  both  pen  and  pencil.  His  drawings  of 
/Vhistler  are  not  to  be  mistaken.  When  the 
lovel  appeared  in  book  form  the  place  of 
Sibley  was  filled  by  one  Anthony,  "  tall  and 
(tout  and  slightly  bald,"  writes  Whistler, 
>xultingly.  He  had  been  consulted  in 
Anthony's  making.  So  his  self-respect  is 
•e-instated.  When  '  Trilby  '  was  burlesqued 
it  the  Gaiety,  Whistler  was  represented  as 
'  The  Stranger,"  but  was  unrecognized  and 
ipeedily  disappeared. 

GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

21   Parkfield   Road,  Liverpool. 

The  reference  to  Whistler  in  Du  Mauri er's 
lovel  is  dealt  with  fully  in  his  '  Life,'  by 
5.  R.  and  J.  Pennell,  vol.  ii.  pp.  160  et  seq. 
Che  omission  of  "  Joe  Sibley  "  from  the  book 
ifter  serial  publication  is  also  mentioned  in 
George  du  Maurier,'  by  T.  Martin  Wood, 
vho  states  that  even  Whistler  himself 
'  confessed  "  to  a  regret  for  the  disappear  - 
ince  ;  this  seems  so  improbable,  in  view  of 
Vhistler's  resentment  of  the  characterisation, 
hat  it  would  be  interesting  to  know  if  there 
s  any  authority  for  the  confession. 

F.  J.  P. 

R..  S.  SURTEES  (12  S.  v.  122).— Robert 
>mith  Surtees  was  the  second  son  of  An- 
hony  Surtees  of  Milkwell  Burn  and  Ham- 
terley  Hall,  co.  Durham,  and  of  Ackworth 
:*ark,  co.  York,  by  Alice  Beaumont  his  wife, 
ister  of  Christopher  Beaumont  of  Wylam, 
tl.P.  for  South  Northumberland,  and  his 
ddest  brother  Anthony  having  died  aged  30 
kt  Malta,  March  24,  1831,  in  vita  patris, 
ucceeded  his  father  in  the  above  mentioned 
(states,  March  5,  1838.  He  was  born  in 
i803,  was  a  J.P.  and  D.L.  for  Durham 
Bounty,  and  served  as  High  Sheriff,  1856, 


and  was  for  some  time  major  in  the  Durham 
militia.  He  died  at  Brighton,  March  lQr 
1864.  He  was  succeeded  by  his  only  son 
Anthony,  who  died  at  Rome,  March  17,  1871r 
unmarried,  aged  24,  and  his  two  daughters 
succeeded  to  the  estates.  F.  DE  H.  L. 

JENNER  FAMILY  (12  S.  v.  149).— The 
conjecture  at  the  end  of  this  note  that  a 
certain  Thomas  Jenner,  son  of  Josiahr 
became  President  of  Magdalen  College, 
Oxford,  in  1747,  is  without  foundation. 
The  president's  father  was  John  Jenner,  of 
Standish,  co.  Gloucester.  (See  W.  D. 
Macray,  Magdalen  College  Register  vi.  153.)* 

W.  A.  B.  C. 

GRIM  OR  GRIME  (12  S.  v.  95,  137,  160).— 
Grim  was  a  Scandinavian  (Danish)  adven- 
turer (like  Asgar,  Hacon,  Orm,  &c.),  who  gave- 
his  name  to  Grimsby  (and  they  to  Asgarby, 
Haconby,  Ormsby,  &c.),  "by"  signifying 
(originally)  a  dwelling  or  single  farm,  and 
(eventually)  a  village.  The  suffix  is  common 
in  Denmark,  and  is  also  found  in  the  names 
of  places  colonized  by  Danes.  (See  G.  S.- 
Streatfield's  '  Lincolnshire  and  the  Danes,' 
19.)  Until  the  abolition  of  the  dues  in  the 
Sound,  vessels  belonging  to  Grimsby  could 
claim  certain  privileges  and  exemptions  at 
the  port  of  Elsinore  which  had  been  con,- 
f erred  by  the  Danish  founder  of  the  town. 
(See  Palgrave,  '  English  Commonwealth,' 
i.  50,  and  '  Normandy  and  England,' 
iii.  349.)  Besides  the  Grimsby  in  Lincoln- 
shire, one  ought  not  to  forget  that  the  chief 
port  of  Scilly  is  also  called  Grimsby.  There 
is  a  Grim's  dyke  near  Salisbury  (part  of  the- 
old  boundary  between  the  Saxons  and 
Welsh);  Grime's  dyke  in  Scotland  (part  of 
the  old  northern  wall  of  Antoninus  twixt 
Forth  and  Clyde)  ;  Grime's  ditch  in  Cheshire- 
(an  old  earthwork).  See  Chalmers's  '  Cale- 
donia,' i.  119.  J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

SOMERSET  INCUMBENTS  (12  S.  v.  153). — 
MR.  FAWCETT  and  others  may  be  interested^ 
to  read  an  extract  from  the  Report  of  the 
Somersetshire  Archaeological  and  Natural- 
History  Society,  read  at  the  annual  meeting 
of  the  society  at  Taunton  on  July  29  last : — 

"From  the  Rev.  F.  W.  Weaver,  F.S.A.,  has  been* 
received  his  library  copy  of  '  Somerset  Incum- 
bents,' which  he  edited  in  1889,  together  with  a 
considerable  amount  of  additional  information  in 
the  form  of  letters  and  loose  manuscript  sheets. 
Further  entries  have  been  made  in  the  Society's 
interleaved  copy  of  '  Somerset  Incumbents,'  and 
your  Council  is  anxious  to  hear  of  somebody  willing 
to  undertake  the  collation  of  the  memoranda 
preserved  with  the  copy  which  Mr.  Weaver  has 
presented,  and  the  additions  and  corrections  to  the 


246 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  8.  v.  SEPT.,  1919. 


part  having  reference  to  the  Archdeaconry  of 
Welle,  compiled  and  recently  given  to  your  Society 
by  the  Rev.  Prebendary  Daniel.  Your  Council 
has  been  informed  by  Sir  H.  Maxwell  Lyte, 
K.C.B.,  that  in  the  Literary  Search  Room  of  the 
Public  Record  Office  there  is  a  series  of  Institution 
Books  from  1720  to  1838,  which  give  the  name  of 
the  incumbent,  the  date  of  institution,  and  the 
name  of  the  patron.  The  diocese  of  Bath  and 
Wells  is  in  Series  C.,  Vol.  I.,  which  is  arranged 
under  parishes  alphabetically." 

H.  ST.  GEORGE  GRAY. 
Taunton  Castle. 

EXCHANGE  OF  SOULS  IN  FICTION  (12  S. 
<-.  124,  191). — Something  of  the  kind  occurs 
in  Mrs.  Margaret  L.  Woods' s  novel  '  The 
Invader.'  C.  L.  S. 

An  early  'Tale  from  Blackwood'  ('The 
Metempsychosis ' )  is  an  interesting  example. 

J.  K. 
South  Africa. 

EAST  ANGLIAN  CHARACTERS  AND  CHARAC- 
TERISTICS (12  S.  v.  178). — It  would  appear 
that  the  persons  named  were  contemporaries 
of  the  writer  B.  S.,  and  were  of  or  connected 
with  Norwich.  The  Parr  must  have  been 
the  well-known  headmaster  of  Norwich 
Grammar  School,  Rev.  Samuel  Parr,  D.D., 
and  the  references  to  "  birch  "  and  "  Greek 
.  discourse  "  make  that  clear. 

The  following  names  are  suggested  :  — 

.Bacon. — Edward     Bacon    of    Earlham,    Norwich, 

Recorder  and  M.P.  for  many  years. 
Dewing. — Edward  Dewing  of  Guist,  after  1785,  was 

Master  of  the  Norwich  staghounds. 
Addey. — John  Addey,  Mayor  of  Norwich,  1773. 
•  GuttinQ. — William    Cutting,    Sheriff  of    Norwich, 

1790. 
Parson  Brand. — Rev.  John  Brand,  or  Rev.  Fitz- 

john  Brand. 
Burcham. — Rev.  John    Burchanu    Rector    of    St. 

Simon  and  St.  Jude,  Norwich,  17:36-91. 

C.  G. 

HERVEY  OR  HERVET  (12  S.  v.  95,  167,  189). 
— Prof.  Weekley  in  his  '  Surnames  ' 
makes  the  observation  that  the  suffixes  -itt 
•:  and  -ett,  as  in  the  personal  names  Hewitt 
:  and  Willett,  are  not  always  diminutives, 
but  are  occasionally  only  altered  forms,  here 
of  Heward  and  Wlllard,  the  termination 
being  the  same  as  in  "  dullard,"  "  coward,' 
&c.  ;  but  these  cases  are  exceptions.  In 
the  case  of  Hervey,  the  Latin  form,  Herveus, 
occurs  twice  in  Domesday,  so  that  I  suspect 
Hervet  resulted  from  a  contracted  Latinised 
variant  Hervetus,  which  proved  to  be  more 
durable  than  the  other ;  compare  Lat 
privus,  single,  whence  privatus,  and  ulti 
:  mately  Eng.  privet ;  especially  as  S.  H.  A.  H 


informs  us  that  both  Hervey  and  Hervet 
were  applied  concurrently  to  the  same  family. 
Solecisms    arose    in    Norman    and    Plan- 
tagenet    times,    as    I    pointed    out    (10    S. 
xii.  515;   11  S.  i.  58),  through  the  difficulty 
Norman  functionaries  experienced  in  adapt- 
ing their  tongue  to   an  Anglo-Saxon  voca- 
bulary ;    PO  that  A.S.  hedh  tyd,  high  festival, 
ecame  haul  tyd  by  the  substitution  of  the 
Yench    adjective ;     and    this    through    the 
Church's  influence  soon  got  popularized  as 
Hocktide :      a    word    which    had    for    long 
mffled  the  skill  of  that  ardent  philologist  the 
ate  Prof.  Skeat.     Thus  it  often  happens  that 
rregularities   occur  in   the   development   of 
surnames  and  place-names,  such  as  those  to 
which   S.    H.    A.    H.    alludes,    by   means   of 
phonetic    decay    and    popular    assimilation ; 
:hus    Culmundelei    in    D.B.,    literally    Ceol- 
iiund's    pasture,    became    Cholmondeley — 
which  Bardsley  took  to  be  of  Norman  origin 
— the  modern  Chumleigh. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

BIRD -SCARING  SONGS  (12  S.  v.  98,  132, 
160). — Here  is  another  sample  which  will, 
[  hope,  be  acceptable  to  MR.  SAMPSON.  I 
take  it  from  Halliwell's  '  Popular  Rhymes 
and  Nursery  Tales,'  p.  179,  where  it  is  said 
:o  be  "  the  universal  bird-shooers  song  in  the 
Midland  counties  "  :  — 

Awa'  birds,  awa,' 

Take  a  peck 

And  leave  a  seek, 

And  come  no  more  to-day. 

'  The  Nursery  Rhymes  of  England  '  at  p.  264 
supplies  another  bird-boy's  song  :  — 

Eat  birds  eat,  and  make  no  waste, 
I  lie  here  and  make  no  haste  ; 
If  my  master  chance  to  come, 
You  must  fly  and  I  must  run. 

ST.   SWITHIN. 

PHILIP  WESTCOTT,  PORTRAIT  PAINTER 
(12  S.  iii.  385  ;  iv.  55,  314).— The  Committee 
of  Royal  Museum  and  Art  Galleries,  Peel 
Park,  Salford,  own  oil  portraits  of  Stephen 
Heelis,  whom  your  querist  refers  to  in  hia 
note,  William  Lockett  (full  length),  E.  R. 
Langworthy,  M.P.,  1853  (full  length),  John 
Kay,  1858  (half  length),  all  presented  by 
subscribers.  Joseph  Brotherton,  M.P.  ; 
donor,  County  Borough  Council.  All  of 
these  pictures  are  painted  by  Philip  West- 
cott,  who  was  born  in  1815.  His  practice 
was  principally  in  the  North  of  England, 
notably  in  Liverpool  and  Manchester. 
He  expired  January,  1878. 

FRED  L.  TAVARE. 

22  Trentham  Street,  Pendleton,  Manchester. 


12  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


247 


HEREDITY  :  LONG  HAIR  (12  S.  v.  177).— 
[y  grandmother  often,  spoke  of  my  great  - 
reat -grandmother  (Hutton  of  Lanarkshire), 
^ho  at  the  age  of  96  had  snow-white  hair, 
?aching  the  ground  when  seated  on  an 
rdinary  chair.  Two  of  my  aunts  in  the 
ame  line  had  long  heads  of  hair  at  the  age 
f  79.  My  sister's  hair  reached  her  ankles, 
nd  my  own  hair  laid  a  good  inch  on  the 
round  when  standing,  enormously  thick,  so 
nuch  so  that  friends  used  to  spin  me  round 
nd  bet  whether  I  was  facing  them  or  other- 
wise. My  height  was  5  ft.  4  in.  My  hair 
LOW  is  over  3  ft.  long,  nearly  white  ;  my 
,ge  77.  Headache  has  been  unknown  to  me. 

was  born  in  India,  and  lived  some  time  in 
Queensland,  thermometer  often  117°  in 
hade.  E.  C.  WIENHOLT. 

7  Shooter's  Hill  Road,  Blackheath,  S.E.3. 

MRS.  ANNE  DUTTON  (12  S.  ii.  147,  197, 
515,  275,  338,  471  ;  iii.  78,  136). — Hearing 
hat  the  identical  Bible  used  by  her  was  still 
n  existence  and  preserved  in  the  Baptist 
Library,  Broughton,  Hants,  I  wrote  making 
nquiries,  when  I  received  a  photograph  of  it, 
vith  the  following  particulars.  Size  6^  in. 
jy  3^  in.  by  If  in.,  bound  in  leather,  with 
}wo  metal  clasps,  one  of  which  is  broken. 
Eitle-page  :— 

"  The  Holy  Bible,  containing  the  Old  and  New 
Festament.  *  Newly  translated  out  of  the  original 
tongues  and  with  the  former  translations  dili- 
gently compared  and  revised.  |  With  Marginal 
aotes  |  shewing  |  The  Scripture  to  (be)  the  best 
Interpreter  of  Scripture  |  London.  |  Printed  by 
Charles  Bill,  and  the  Executrix  of  Thomas 
Newcomb  deceas'd.  |  Printers  to  the  King  and 
Most  Excellent  Majesty  Anno  Dom.  1698." 

After  the  names  and  order  of  the  Books 
there  is  an  address,  "  To  the  Reader,  on 
the  Scripture  being  the  best  Interpreter  o^ 
Scripture,"  signed  "  John  Canne."  On  one 
of  the  fly -leaves  (in  very  minute  writing)  if 
a  copy  of  an  address  :  — 

"  To  the  right  honourable  Lords  and  Commons 
assembled  in  the  high  Court  of  PARLIAMENT 
Great  Reformers,  &c.,  also  signed  '  John  Canne.'  | 
'  Extracted  from  ye  Amsterdam  Edition  o 
Canne's  Bible.  12mo,  1647.'  " 

"  Inscriptions  |  Ann  Button  or  One  who  hath 
tasted     that     the     '  Lord  '     is     gracious.  [  Grea 
Gransden  |  Huntingdonshire." 

Inserted  in  another  hand  :  — 

"  Died  1765,  November  17  |  Anne  Steele,  Junr 
j  Broughton,  Hampshire." 

Also  in  another  hand  :  — 

"  Theodosia  died  1778,  Nov.  llth,  aged  61  yrs.' 

The  first  inscription  is  in  Mrs.  Dutton's 

own     unmistakable     minute     hand,     with 

"  Lord  "  as  always  by  her  in  capitals,  anc 


nost  probably  the  above  extract  from 
anne's  is  hers  also,  as  her  husband  visited 
lolland,  and  preached  at  Rotterdam  in 
735. 

My  kind  correspondent  at  Broughton 
asks  the  usual  question :  "  Who  was 
VErs.  Dutton  ?  "  The  unique  library  at 
Broughton  was  collected  by  John  Collins 
of  Devizes,  a  former  deacon  at  Broughton, 
and  bequeathed  to  the  church  there  at  his 
leath.  Diligent  search  has  been  made,  but 
no  work  of  Mrs.  Dutton's  can  be  found 
among  its  treasures,  and  how  or  when  the 
Bible  came  into  the  possession  of  the  • 
afflicted  but  gifted  hymn-writer  Anne  Steele 
yet  remains  to  be  known.  Neither  ladies 
it  any  time  travelled  far  from  their  homes,  • 
but  might  have  known  each  other  by  corre- 
spondence, and  similarity  of  sentiment. 
Mrs.  Dutton's  correspondence  was  very 
xtensive.  R.  H. 

COWAP  (12  S.  v.  206).— As  a  Cumberland 
or  Westmorland  name  the  suffix  is  probably 
-hope,  common  in  place-names,  but  of  very 
vague  meaning.  Thus,  cow-hope.  This  -hope 
becomes  in  compounds  -ap,  -ip,  -ep,  -op,  -up.  - 
With  Cowap  cf.  Harrap  (hare-hope). 

ERNEST  WEEKLEY. 

University  College,  Nottingham. 

In  Harrison's    '  Surnames  of   the  United " 
Kingdom  '  (Eaton  Press,  1912),  the   deriva- 
tion of  the  above  name  is  given  as  "  Dweller 
at   the  cow-hope,"    the    cow-hope   being   a 
shelter  in  some  hollow  valley,  or  hill-recess. 
ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

ST.  ALKELDA  (12  S.  v.  152,  190). — 
MR.  SELF  WEEKS  and  MR.  ARMSTRONG 
would  derive  kelda  from  Anglo  -  Saxon, 
but  no  such  word  is  to  be  found  in 
Bosworth  and  Toller's  Dictionary,  either 
under  C  or  K.  Cleasby  and  Vigfusson's 
'  Icelandic  Dictionary,'  however,  gives  kelda 
=well  or  spring  ;  and  keld  is  noted  in  the 
'  E.D.D.'  as  a  North- Country  word  for  well. 
Kelda  enters  into  the  composition  of  place- 
names  in  Denmark  (Roeskilde)  and  Iceland 
(Keldin).  Bjorkman  (f.  141)  gives  it  as  an 
old  West  Scandinavian  word.  Consult 
'  Handbook  of  Lancashire  Place-Names,'  by 
J.  Sephton,  1913,  and  '  Place-Names  in 
Lancashire,'  by  Wyld  and  Hirst,  1911  ;  as 
also  '  Norske  Gaardnavne,'  O.  Rygh,  1898 
(the  Introduction),  and  '  Northmen  in 
Cumberland,'  Ferguson,  1856,  f.  119.  The 
Norse  for  "  holy  "  would  be  heilagr,  which, 
according  to  Munch,  gives  Heiligstadir,  now 
Heilstad,  pronounced  Helstad.  See  K. 
Rygh,  '  Helgoland's  Stednavne,'  f.  65,  in 


248 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12 s.  v.  SEPT.,  1919. 


'Norsk.  Hist.  Tidskrt.,'  1,  and  also  J. 
Nordlander,  '  Norrlandska  Ortnam,'  1881, 
f.  25.  I  would  submit  that  Norse,  and  not 
Anglo-Saxon,  accounts  for  Alkelda.  In 
'  Northern  Folk -Lore  on  Wells  and  Water,' 
by  Alex.  Fraser,  Inverness,  1878,  reference 
is  made  to  a  spring  in  Burgie-Forres  : 
Tubernacrumkel,  no  doubt  a  composite  word, 
which  the  author  says  should  be  Gaelic 
.  tobar  nan  crum  ghiall  ! 

ALEX.  G.  MOFFAT. 
Swansea. 

'THE  VILLAGE  BLACKSMITH'  (12  S. 
v.  211). — The  original  blacksmith's  shop  is 
generally  supposed  to  have  been  situated  in 
the  village  of  Edgware,  Middlesex,  and  to 
have  been  visited  by  Handel,  while  staying 
at  Canon's  Park  with  the  Duke  of  Chandos. 
But  a  monument  was  put  up  at  a  com- 
paratively recent  date  in  the  church  at  Little 
Stanmore  or  Whit-church,  which  is  scarcely  a 
mile  from  Edgware,  to  the  memory  of 
"William  Powell,  the  Harmonious  Black- 
smith," which  would  seem  to  indicate  that  he 
at  least  lived  at  Whitchurch  for  some  period 
-of  his  life  though  his  shop  may  not  have  been 
there.  F.  DE  H.  L. 

'  The  Poetical  Works  of  Longfellow,'  pub- 
lished by  Cassell  &  Co.  about  1886,  has  on 
p.  58  the  words  of  this  well-known  poem, 
with  a  wood-engraving  of  the  smithy.  Re- 
ferring to  this  in  the  '  Notes  on  Illustra- 
tions'  is  the  following:  — 

"From  fa  water -color  painting,  in  Mr.  Long- 
fellow's possession,  of  the  blacksmith  shop  and 
chestnut  tree,  which  stood  for  many  years ,  on 
Brattle  Street  in  Cambridge,  not  far  from  the 
poet's  house.  The  smithy  was  subsequently 
removed  to  make  place  for  a  dwelling-house,  and 
the  tree  has  since  been  cut  down  upon  the  plea 
that  its  low-hanging  branches  rendered  passage 
dangerous." 

W.   S.  P. 

"  ABGYLES  "  OR  GRAVY-POTS  :  ".TEA 
KITCHENS"  (12  S.  v.  154,  219).— John,'  5th 
Duke  of  Argyle,  was  born  in  1823,  so  if 
"  Argyles  "  were  his  invention  the  period  of 
their  introduction  was  probably  early 
George  III.  It  would  be  of  interest  to  hear 
further  from  LADY  CONSTANCE  RUSSELL  on 
this  subiect.  Can  she  tell  us  how  it  came 
about  that  her  great -great -grandfather 
invented  "  Argyles,"  whilst  apparently  her 
great  grandfather  was  the  first  to  use  them. 
Are  the  articles  she  mentions  silver  or  Old 
Sheffield  plate  ?  and  will  she  be  good  enough 
to  let  us  know  the  date  of  their  manufacture, 
or  any  other  interesting  particulars  in  con- 
nection with  them  ?  Having  discovered  the 


inventor  of  "  Argyles,"  can  any  of  your 
readers  throw  light  on  the  origin  and  exact 
meaning  of  "Tea  Kitchens,"  found  so  de- 
scribed in  Old  Silver  Assay  Office  books  and 
lists  of  plate  about  150  years  since.  In  all 
probability  they  were  what  are  to-day  known 
as  Tea  Kettles.  Matthew  Boulton,  writing 
to  his  wife  from  London  in  1767,  says  :  "  I 
am  to  wait  upon  their  majesties  again  as 
soon  as  our  tripod  Tea  Kitchen  arrives." 
FREDK.  BRADBURY. 
Sheffield. 

REV.  THOMAS  HUGO  (12  S.  v.  207).— 
This  celebrated  cleric,  scholar  and  anti- 
quary was  the  son  of  Dr.  Charles  Hugo  and 
was  born  at  Taunton  in  1820  ;  he  died  at 
his  rectory  of  West  Hackney,  in  the  north- 
east of  London  in  1876.  He  was  educated 
at  Worcester  College,  Oxford,  where  he 
graduated  B.A.  in  1842,  and  M.A.  in  1850. 
Having  been  ordained  by  Dr.  Sumner,  after- 
wards Archbishop  of  Canterbury,  he  served 
several  curacies  in  the  North  of  England  ; 
for  a  very  short  time  he  was  vicar  of  Halli- 
well,  near  Bolton-le-Moors.  In  1851  he 
came  to  London,  as  senior  curate  of  St. 
Botolph's,  Bishopsgate,  a  church  which  is 
still  connected  with  the  Honourable  Artillery 
Company  of  which  ancient  military  body 
he  subsequently  became  chaplain.  In  1858 
he  was  appointed  to  the  living  of  All  Saints, 
Bishopsgate  Street,  which  he  exchanged 
for  the  rectory  of  West  Hackney  in  1868, 
and  here  he  remained  for  the  rest  of  his  life. 
He  was  a  member  of  a  large  number  of 
learned  societies,  amongst  others  :  The 
Royal  Society  of  Literature,  The  Society 
of  Antiquaries,  The  London  and  Middlesex 
Archaeological  Society  and  the  Genealogical 
Society  of  Great  Britain.  He  was  a 
voluminous  author,  and  wrote  on  a  number 
of  subjects  :  theological,  archaeological,  liter- 
ary, Church  government,  &c.,  also  many 
hymns,  forming  a  supplement  to  '  Hymns 
Ancient  and  Modern,'  as  well  as  numerous 
articles  in  the  Transactions  of  learned 
societies,  and  in  various  magazines,  &c. 

"  Our  author  published  in  1866  '  A  critical  and 
descriptive  catalogue  of  the  works  of  the  Brothers 
Thomas  and  John  Bewick '  (the  celebrated  wood 
engravers  of  Newcastle-upon-Tyne),  of  which  Mr. 
Hugo  possessed  the  finest  collection  ever  formed, 
including  many  of  the  original  wood  blocks.  This 
was  followed  in  1868  b>  '  The  Bewick  Collector,'  a 
supplement  to  the  foregoing,  and  two  years  later 
appeared  a  volume  of  '  Bewick's  Woodcuts,'  with 
an  introduction,  a  descriptive  catalogue  of  the 
blocks,  and  a  list  of  books  and  pamphlets  illus- 
trated." 

This  last  paragraph  I  take  from  an  Intro- 
duction to  a  most  interesting  book,  entitled 


12  S.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


249 


Miscellaneous    Papers    by    the    late    Rev. 

Thomas     Hugo,     M.A.,     Rector     of     West 

rlackney.'     The    book    was    published    by 

/[asters    in    1878.     It    was    designed    as    a 

memorial    volume    of    this    great    scholar. 

A  short  account  of  his  life  is  given  in  the 

ntroduction,  and  specimens  of  his  sermons, 

peeches,  papers,  &c.,  are  given  to  show  the 

rariety   of   his   work,   both  in   Church  and 

State.     His     archaeological     treatises     show 

great  research,  as  do  his  scientific  papers. 

He  belonged  to  a  family  of  French  ex- 
traction. He  was  a  man  much  admired 
as  a  scholar,  and  greatly  beloved  as  a  parish 
priest.  As  a  very  young  man,  I  had  the 
privilege  of  hearing  him  on  several  occasions, 
his  descriptions  were  clear,  and  clothed  in 
most  beautiful  language,  while  the  charm 
of  his  delivery  I  can  never  forget.  The 
•volume  I  have  mentioned  contains  a  biblio- 
graphical list  of  his  publications,  but  I  have 
not  been  able  to  find  a  complete  list  of  his 
papers  and  reviews,  which  are  scattered  up 
and  down  many  volumes  of  various  Trans- 
actions, magazines,  and  other  periodicals. 
G.  YARROW  BALDOCK,  Major. 

TURNER  FAMILY  OF  SHRIGLEY  PARK, 
co.  CHESTER  (12  S.  v.  94). — Adverting  to  my 
query  at  the  above  reference  I  am  indebted 
to  MR.  R.  GRIME  for  notes  on  this  family 
extracted  from  the  '  History  of  Blackburn,' 
by  Mr.  W.  A.  Abram. 

The  notes  give  me  particulars  of  the 
ancestry  of  William  Turner,  M.P.,  of 
Shrigley  Park,  co.  Chester,  and  the  names 
of  the  latter's  brothers,  Thomas,  Robert, 
and  John,  but  do  not  state  the  connexion 
between  this  family  and  Emanuel  Turner 
(born  1825),  the  Committee  Clerk  to  the 
Manchester  Corporation  from  1842  to  1857. 

I  should  be  glad  if  any  of  your  readers 
could  tell  me  whom  the  following  gentlemen 
married  :  — 

1.  Robert  Turner  of  Mart  holme  in  1687, 
buried  at  Great  Harwood,  December,  1727. 

2.  Thomas    Turner    (son    of   the    above), 
Trustee    of   Township    Charities,    1743    and 
1759. 

3.  Thomas  Turner  (son  of  above  Thomas) 
of  Altham,  born  1732,  died  April  10,  1812. 

4.  Robert    Turner    (brother    of    No.    3), 
born  1734,  died  October,  1811. 

5.  Thomas,  James,  and  William  (sons  of 
No.  3). 

6.  Thomas,    Robert,    and   John   (sons   of 
No.    4),    brothers    of   William    Turner,    the 
member  of  Parliament  for  Blackburn. 

JAMES  SETON-ANDERSON. 
4  Temple  Street,  Brighton. 


SEVEN  KINGS  (12  S.  v.  210).— Presumably 
the  name  is  derived  from  the  seven  sovereigns 
who  were  styled  Bretwaldas,  viz.,  Ella  of 
Sussex,  491-510  ;  Ceawlin  of  Wessex,  560-93; 
Ethelbert  of  Kent,  560-616;  Redwald  of 
East  Anglia,  599-620  ;  Edwin  of  Northum- 
bria,  617-33  ;  Oswald  of  Northumbria,  - 
634-42  ;  and  Oswy  of  Northumbria,  642-70, 

WlLLOUGHBY    MAYCOCK. 

The  name  is  derived  from  a  legend  to  the 
effect  that  seven  kings  met  there  during  the 
time  of  the  Heptarchy.  The  subject  was 
discussed  in  '  East  London  Antiquities/  by 
W.  Locks  ;  '  Ilford,  Past  and  Present,'  by 
G.  Tasker ;  '  Sketch  of  Barking,'  by  E. 
Tuck,'  and  '  London's  Forest,'  by  P.  J.  S. 
Perceval.  The  same  question  was  askecl 
3  S.  vi.  455  (1864),  under  'Localities  in 
Essex,'  and  also  discussed  at  10  S.  xi.  89r 
154,  335,  376. 

The  earliest  mention  of  Seven  Kings  is  in 
1437.  Reference  to  it  is  made  in  the  Record 
Office  Lists  and  Indexes,  No.  11,  Foreign 
Accounts,  p.  239.  Ogilby's  '  Traveller's 
Guide,'  1699,  also  mentions  "  Seven  Kings 
Watering."  G.  H.  W. 

[MR.  T.  P.  ARMSTRONG  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

SOCIETY  FOR  PRESERVING  THE  MEMORIALS 
or  THE  DEAD  (12  S.  v.  183).— This  society, 
which  was  started  in  1882,  has  ceased  to 
exist.  It  published  a  Journal,  the  first 
volume  of  which  was  completed  in  1888. 
The  last  report  I  have  is  of  the  tenth  annual 
meeting  in  1892.  The  secretary  was  Mr. 
William  Vincent,  Belle  Vue  Rise,  Hellesdon, 
Road,  Norwich,  who  died  quite  recently. 
GEO.  W.  G.  BARNARD. 
Norwich. 

ROBERTSON  (12  S.  v.  208).— Robertson, 
miniaturist,  of  Dublin,  would  be  either 
Walter  Robertson  or  his  younger  brother 
Charles,  as  both  were  noted  miniature- 
painters. 

Walter  was  born  in  Dublin,  about  1750, 
the  son  of  a  jeweller,  and  towards  the  enct 
of  the  eighteenth  century  held  the  first 
place  as  a  painter  in  miniature  in  that  city. 
He  was  known  as  "  Irish  Robertson,"  and 
went  with  Gilbert  C.  Stuart  to  America. 
Later  he  sailed  for  the  East  Indies,  where 
he  died. 

The  younger  brother  Charles  went  to 
London  in  1806,  and  between  1790  and  1810 
exhibited  eight  miniatures  at  the  Royal 
Academy.  Returning  to  Ireland  he  took 
a  prominent  part  in  the  movement  which 
led  to  the  foundation  of  the  Royal  Hibernian 
Academy.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 


250 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         112 s.  v.  SEPT.,  1919. 


Robertson,  tne  Dublin  miniaturist,  was 
named  Walter,  and  is  known  as  "  Irish 
Robertson,"  apparently  to  distinguish  him 
from  the  three  brothers  Robertson,  who 
belonged  to  Aberdeenshire.  He  went  to 
America  in  1783,  and  subsequently  to  India, 
where  he  died.  Bryan  gives  a  very  skimpy 
paragraph  on  him  in  his  encyclopaedic  work 
on  '  Engravers.'  It  would  be  interesting  to 
;know  if  anything  more  has  recently  come  to 
light.  J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

37  Bedford  Square,  W.C. 

DICKENS'S  TOPOGRAPHICAL  SLIPS  (12  S. 
v.  37,  136,  164,  187,  222).— No  doubt  a  great 
part  of  Dickens' s  success  is  due  to  the  fact 
that  he  is  so  human,  therefore,  like  all  man- 
kind ,  he  is  liable  to  error.  But,  after  all,  what 
do  these  little  "  slips  "  matter  to  us  ?  There  is 
apparently  a  trivial  one  in  '  Scotland  Yard,' 
one  of  the  '  Sketches  by  Boz,'  according  to 
4  Old  and  New  London'  (vol.  ii.)  the  first 
stone  of  London  Bridge  was  laid  by  the 
Right  Hon.  John  Garratt,  Lord  Mayor,  and 
not  "  by  a  Duke — the  King's  brother." 

J.  ARDAGH. 

METAL  MORTARS  (12  S.  v.  209).— If  J.  W. 
SWITHINBANK  refers  to  the  following  articles 
on  '  Domestic  and  other  Mortars,'  the  in- 
formation required  will  be  obtained  :  Anti- 
quary, August,  September,  November,  and 
December,  1897  ;  The  Chemist  and  Druggist, 
January  and  July,  1903,  January,  1904, 
and  July,  1907  ;  The  Connoisseur,  August, 
1906  ;  The  Spatula,  April,  1914. 

W.  J.  M. 

INSCRIPTIONS  IN  ST.  JOHN  THE  EVANGE- 
LIST'S, WATERLOO  ROAD  :  R.  W.  ELLISTON'S 
PLACE  OF  EDUCATION  (12  S.  v.  63,  135,  193, 
216). — Charles  Lamb,  in  '  Essays  of  Elia,' 
Second  Series  ;  '  Ellistoniana '  (published 
1831)  gives  a  clear  indication  when  he 
apostrophises  his  late  friend  :  — 

"  Thou  wert  a  scholar,  and  an  early  ripe  one, 
under  the  roofs  builded  by  the  munificent  and 
pious  Colet.  For  thee  the  Pauline  muses  weep. 
In  elegies  that  shall  silence  this  crude  prose,  they 
shall  celebrate  thy  praise." 

W.  B.  H. 

THE  HOUGHTON  MEETING  (12  S.  v.  154). — 
SIR  WILLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK  seems  to  be 
correct  in  his  surmise.  Sir  Robert  Walpole 
held  a  "  hunting  congress  "  of  the  neigh- 
bouring gentry  at  Houghton,  in  the  Novem- 
ber of  every  year.  Horace  Walpole  has  a 
description  of  such  a  "  congress."  The 
name  and  the  season  would  be  chosen  in  his 
honour  for  the  Newmarket  meeting. 

GEORGE  MARSHALL. 


PORTRAITS  ON  GRAVESTONES  (12  S.  ii.  210, 
277,  377,  459  ;  Hi.  14).— The  Rev.  T.  D. 
Whitaker,  LL.D.,  in  his  '  History  of  Rich- 
mondshire,'  ii.  (1823),  452-3,  writes  :  — 

"  In  the  churchyard  [of  Garstang,  Lancashire! 
near  the  east  end  of  the  church,  is  a  stone,  in 
length  BIX  feet  seven  inches,  breadth  two  feet  one 
nch.  On  it  is  a  nude  cumbent  figure  in  mezzo 
relievo,  with  the  hands  joined  on  the  breast.  At 
the  head  is  inscribed  : — 

LEONARD  FOSTER,  BURIED  NOVEMBER,  AN.  1631. 
The  man,  as  it  appears  by  the  parish  register, 
died  of  the  plague,  and  his  tomb  deserves  to  be 
mentioned,  as  containing  the  last  specimen,  which 
I  am  aquainted  with ;  of  an  attempt  to  sculpture 
the  human  form  on  a  gravestone." 

Is  any  later  specimen  known  ?       J.  W.  F. 

"PRO  PELLE  CUTEM"  (12  S.  v.  93,  132, 
164,  217). — I  surmise  that  as  cutis  regularly 
means  human  skin  and  pellis  non-human 
hide,  the  motto  "  pro  pelle  cut  em  "  means  : 
"  (We  risk)  human  life  to  get  seal-skin,"  or: 
"  We  pay  for  the  seal's  hide  with  suffering 
(danger,  &c.)  to  our  own  skin." 

Juv.  x.  192,  and  Hor.,  Epod.  17.22,  are 
two  passages  in  which  pellis  is  used  with 
deliberate  significance  of  human  skin  deterior- 
ated and  coarsened.  H.  K.  ST.  J.  S. 

"  APOCHROMATIC  "  (12  S.  v.  209).— 
"  Apochromatic  "  is  clearly  compounded  of 
the  prefix  "  apo  "  and  the  word  "  chromatic," 
which  is  derived  from  the  Greek  word  chroma 
with  the  long  o.  F.  DE  H.  L. 

COL.  COLQUHOUN  GRANT  (12  S.  iv.  326; 
v.  54).  — There  were  three  contemporary, 
officers  of  this  name  :  ( 1 )  Colquhoun  Grant, 
M.D.,  Surgeon  to  the  74th  Foot  in  1832,  from 
Apr.  16,  1812  ;  (2)  Major-General  Sir  (John) 
Colquhoun  Grant,  M.P.,  a  Cavalry  officer, 
who  fought  at  Waterloo;  and  (3)  Lieut. - 
Col.  Colquhoun  Grant,  who  is  the  man 
wanted,  of  whom  Sir  John  Philipparfc's 
« Royal  Military  Calendar,'  3rd  ed.,  1820, 
says  :  — 

"Ensign,  llth  Foot,  Sept.  9,  1795;  Lieut.,  April 
5,  1796 ;  Capt.,  Nov.  19,  1801 ;  Brev.-Maj.,  May  30, 
1811 ;  Brev.  Lt.-Col.,  May  19,  1814,  and  Maj.,  llth 
Foot,  Oct.  13  following ;  he  is  now  on  the  half-pay 
of  the  llth  foot.  He  served  as  an  Assist.-Quar.- 
Mast.-Gen.  in  Spain  and  Portugal :  he  also  served 
in  Flanders  and  was  present  at  the  battle  of 
Waterloo." 

I  can  carry  his  career  a  little  further 
(from  the  Army  Lists)  by  adding  that  he 
was  on  half -pay  of  major  llth  Foot,  1816 
to  1821,  and  junior  lieutenant -colonel  54th 
Foot,  Nov.  25,  1821,  till  he  re  ired  Dec.  24  or 
25,  1829.  He  was  made  a  C.B.  1822,  and  was 
living  twenty  years  later  (Dod's  '  Peerage,' 
1842).  W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 


2  8.  V.  SEPT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


251 


0tt 

[story  of  the  Worshipful  Company  of  Glaziers 
of  the  City  of  London.  By  Charles  Henry 
Ashdown,  F.R.G.S.  With  contributory  notes 
by  Percy  W.  Berriman  Tippetts,  Clerk  and 
Solicitor  to  the  Company.  (Blades,  East  & 
Blades  [1919],  roy.  8vo,  viii-163  pp.,  8  plates. 
12s.  Qd. 
LMSEY'S  '  History  of  the  Worshipful  Company 

Glass-sellers  of  London  '  appeared  in  1898, 
t  contributed  little,  if  anything,  of  value  to 
p  knowledge  of  the  history  of  glass  in  England 
[or  to  the  Restoration.  The  volume  before  us 
als  with  a  wider  theme  ;  for  the  art  of  the 
tzier  originally  included  glass-painting  and 
lining  and  the  records  of  this  art  go  far  back 
x>  the  Middle  Ages.  The  subject  naturally 
rides  itself  into  two  parts — the  art  of  window 
iss-making  and  that  of  the  painter-glazier. 

their  inception  both  arts  were  under  the 
tronage  of  the  Church,  and  may  be  regarded 
monastic  industries. 

The  early  history  of  glass-making  and  the 
tmology  of  the  craft  are  obscure,  and  as  Jeames 

la  Pluche  would  have  said,  "  wropped  in 
retery,"  for  the  local  industry  nowhere  appears 

indigenous.  The  Sussex  industry  is  thought 
have  been  of  French  extraction  ;  the  Normandy 
iss-makers  were  not  Normans  ;  the  Lorraine 
iss-makers  are  said  to  have  been  of  Bohemian 
igin.  Of  what  race  were  these  aliens  ?  Their 
cupation  was  an  hereditary  one  and  rigidly 
eserved  by  close  intermarriage.  On  the  Con- 
lent  special  privileges  were  claimed  and  con- 
ded  by  charter.  Certain  features  in  the  history 
the  craft  suggest  a  Jewish  origin,  but  this  is  a 
gression  which  cannot  here  be  pursued,  for  the 
3rk  before  us  deals  only  perfunctorily  with  the 
story  of  English  glass-making.  The  object  of 
5  authors  is  to  trace  the  rise  and  fortunes  of  the 
mdon  Company  ;  the  earliest  mention  of  which 
found  in  Guildhall  Records  of  the  year  1328. 
lis  list  is  of  considerable  interest,  as  are  the 
bsequent  regulations  adopted  for  the  govern- 
ent  of  the  Guild,  but  the  later  history  of  the 
jmpany  fails  to  incorporate  the  results  of 
cent  investigation  in  the  well-known  treatise 

Hartshorne,  and  the  numerous  articles  in  The 
ntiquary  and  '  N.  &  Q.'  For  instance,  the 
lations  of  the  foreign  colony  of  glaziers  to  the 
Dndon  Company  in  the  reign  of  Henry  VIII. 
•e  of  supreme  importance,  for  they  show  that 
;  the  period  when  glass-painting  had  reached 
3  height,  the  Crown  patronage  was  almost 
Delusively  bestowed  on  the  Flemish  glaziers  of 
mthwark.  The  glazing  at  Fairford  appears  to 
ive  set  the  fashion  which  was  subsequently 
llowed  at  Westminster  and  Cambridge.  The 
lemish  colony  prospered  at  the  expense  of  the 
ondon  glaziers.  The  latter  appealed  to  the 
3urt  of  Star  Chamber,  but  apparently  with 
different  success  for  Flemish  design  continued 
>  dominate  English  glass-painting  right  through 
te  sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries.  This 
•itical  period  in  the  history  of  English  glazing 

represented  in  the  work  before  us  by  a  solitary 
jtition  of  the  English  glaziers  in  1541-42.  In 
lap.  iv.  the  same  want  of  familiarity  with  the 
nblished  history  of  the  art  is  shown.  Isaac 


Bongar,  for  instance,  is  introduced  as  an  un- 
familiar personage,  although  Hartshorne  has 
dealt  with  him  at  some  length  and  with  scant 
courtesy.  Bongar,  the  sworn  opponent  of  Mansel 
and  Monopoly,  asserted  that  his  ancestors  were 
the  first  to  introduce  window  glass-making  into 
this  country.  This  much-commented-on  state- 
ment has  generally  been  interpreted  to  mean  that 
Bongar  came  over  with  the  French  immigrants 
early  in  the  reign  of  Elizabeth,  and  helped  to 
spread  the  art  of  making  "  muff  "  glass  through- 
out the  country.  The  late  Mr.  Cooper  of 
Chiddingfold,  however,  suggested  to  the  present 
reviewer  that  Bongar's  statement  may  have 
referred  to  an  earlier  immigration,  as  there  was  a 
parcel  of  land  in  Chiddingfold  still  known  as 
'  Bungler's  Field."  The  whole  history  of  the 
Mansel  Monopoly  is  set  out  with  such  detail  in 
Hartshorne's  work  that  it  was  hardly  necessary 
bo  go  over  the  same  ground  again.  Buckley's 
[earned  monographs  on  the  taxation,  &c.,  of 
English  glass  do  not  appear  to  have  been  con- 
sulted, and  we  have  no  disquisition  on  the  intro- 
duction, rise  and  fall  of  the  English  "  Crown  " 
glass  industry. 

Notwithstanding  these  defects  of  omission  we 
are  sincerely  grateful  to  the  author  for  the 
publication  of  this  work.  It  contains  material 
of  value  and  data  that  are  now  revealed  for  the 
first  time.  We  did  not,  for  instance,  know  of  the 
existence  of  a  glass  furnace  at  Newgate  in  1580, 
and  there  is  much  in  this  volume  that  will  help 
the  student  of  glazing  to  bridge  the  gaps,  in  the 
history  of  the  craft.  The  volume  is  handsomely 
produced  and  will  be  sought  after  by  collectors, 
and  we  look  forward  to  its  publication  at  no 
distant  date  in  a  second  and  extended  edition. 

Milton :  Areopagitiea.  With  a  Commentary  by  Sir 
Richard  0.  Jebb ;  and  with  supplementary 
material.  ( Cambridge  University  Press,  3s.  net.' ) 
MILTON'S  famous  plea  for  the  liberty  of  the  Press 
failed  to  achieve  its  object ;  but  it  remains  the 
finest  of  his  prose  works,  and  includes  the  most 
celebrated  of  tributes  to  England  as  "  a  noble  and 
puissant  nation."  Jebb,  as  Mr.  Waller  explains 
in  his  brief  foreword,  printed  privately  the  notes 
here  given  for  a  course  of  lectures  as  long  ago  as 
1872.  It  was  an  excellent  idea  to  publish  them 
with  additions  by  Mr.  A.  W.  Verity,  who  is  well 
known  as  one  of  the  soundest  editors  of  English 
classics,  and  particularly  of  Milton's  poems.  The 
volume  thus  ranks  with  the  Pitt  Press  Series  of 
Schoolbooks,  and  is  admirably  equipped  for  the  use 
of  students.  Jebbs'  mastery  of  the  subject  and 
his  clear  and  graceful  English  make  his  notes  ex- 
cellent. He  did  not  deal  in  detail  with  points  of 
English  and  allusions  which  wsre  well  worth  bring- 
ing out,  and  Mr.  Verity's  work  here  fills  out  the 
scheme. 

The  only  objection  is  that  the  two  sets  of  note-? 
are  not  printed  together,  so  that  the  student  has 
to  refer  to  two  places  to  find  whether  there  is  any 
assistance  for  him.  So  much,  however,  is  done 
nowadays  for  the  learner  that  this  little  addition 
to  his  trouble  should  not  matter.  We  are  par- 
ticularly glad  to  see  that  the  notes  deal  with 
derivations  and  give  parallels  for  odd  words  or 
usages.  This  is  the  best  way  to  fix  them  on  the 
mind.  We  find,  for  instance,  good  notes  on  "  its  " 
and  "monopoly,"  in  each  case  with  references  to 
1  Shakespeare's  England.' 


252 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          1 12  s.v.  SEPT.,  1919. 


Mr.  Verity  has  added  a  judicious  Life  of  Milton, 
in  which  he  justly  refers  to  the  "barren"  contro- 
versy with  Salmasius.  A  poet  such  as  Milton  was 
wasting  his  time  in  a  slanging  match.  It  seems 
rather  odd  at  this  time  of  day  to  refer  to  "Mr. 
Mark  Pattison."  Perhaps  the  little  Life  was 
written  when  he  was  not  generally  known  as  a 
scholar  of  great  repute. 


BOOKSELLERS'  CATALOGUES. 

MESSRS.  D.  W.  EDWARDS,  11  Queen  Street, 
Hull,  has  issued  No.  18  Bough  Catalogue  of 
Secondhand  Books  on  Art,  Autograph  Letters, 
Illustrated  Books  of  the  Sixties,  and  various 
subjects. 

No.  312,  a  Series  of  Autograph  Letters  addressed 
to  the  Duke  of  Leeds,  Lord  Lieutenant  of  the 
East  Biding,  re  the  formation  of  the  Volunteers 
to  defend  the  East  Coast  against  the  threatened 
invasion  by  Napoleon,  1792,  from  Bight  Hon. 
Henry  Dundas,  John  Wray  (Mayor  of  Hull), 
Sir  Tatton  Sykes,  Portland,  B.  H.  Crew,  Sec. 
Ordnance,  Frederick  F.  M.  (son  of  George  III.), 
&c.  In  all  65  letters,  documents  with  MSS.  of  a 
Paper  on  the  subject  written  for  the  purpose  of  a 
lecture.  Price  20Z.  Another  unusual  item  is  a 
Collection  of  Tracts,  printed  in  Hull  or  written 
by  Hull  authors  on  matters  appertaining  to 
Hull,  1200  (50Z.).  There  are  449  titles,  some 
priced  as  low  as  Is.  6ci,  and  list  of  Desiderata, 
Books  Wanted. 

THE  September  Catalogue  of  Bemainder 
books  just  issued  by  William  Glaisher,  Ltd.,  of 
265  High  Holborn,  London,  contains  among 
other  items  many  volumes  of  '  The  Biblical 
Illustrator,'  at  3s.  9cZ.  each  ;  Dawbarn's  '  Makers 
of  New  France,'  10s.  6d.  for  3s.  9d.  ;  four  books 
by  Christopher  Hare  on  the  '  Italian  Benaissance,' 
6s.  for  2s.  6d.  each  ;  Martin  Hume's  '  Court  of 
Philip  IV.,'  18s.  for  5s.  Qd.  ;  Bannie's  '  Adventures 
among  the  South  Sea  Cannibals,'  16s.  for  7s.  ; 
'  St.  Clare  and  Her  Order,'  7s.  Qd.  for  3s.  3d.,  and 
many  other  books  at  reduced  prices. 

WE  conclude  our  comments  on  Messrs.  Maggs 
Bros.'  Catalogue  No.  380,  Part  I.  of  which  was 
dealt  with  in  pur  last  issue. 

Part  II.  of  the  Catalogue,  which  is  wholly 
devoted  to  Incunabula,  including  woodcut  books 
of  the  fifteenth  century,  is  of  great  interest;  arid 
contains  examples  of  nearly  every  country. 

Part  III.  comprises  illustrated  books  of  the 
sixteenth  century  only,  and  contains  no  less  than 
230  books.  We  notice  that  the  great  works  of 
Diirer,  '  The  Apocalypse,'  '  The  Life  of  the^ Virgin,' 
and  '  The  Passion '  are  all  included.  It  is  interest- 
ing to  note  how  all  the  countries — Spain,  Belgium, 
France,  Holland  and  Italy,  all  contribute  their 
quota  to  this  section. 

Part  IV.  contains  75  books  printed  by  Aldus  and 
his  successors  in  Venice.  The  other  divisions  in 
this  Part  are  America,  Astrology,  Curiosa,  French 
Books,  Greece  and  Greek  Books,  Herbals,  Italian 
Books,  Law,  and  Liturgy.  Many  interesting  edi- 
tions of  Luther's  tracts  are  to  be  found  under 
*  Luther  and  the  Reformation.'  Further  headings 
are  Magic  and  Witchcraft,  Mathematics,  Medical 
Books,  Music,  Roman  Catholic,  including  an  inte- 
resting '  Papal  Indulgence,'  imprinted  in  London 
by  Richard  Faques  in  1520,  and  is  a  form  of  indul- 
gence granted  to  such  as  should  become  members 


of  the  confraternity  of  the  Hospital  of  the  Holy 
Spirit  at  Rome.  It  was  issued  by  Philip  Mulartr 
the  Papal  Commissary  in  England  aud  Ireland, 
and  granted  to  all  benefactors  certain  specified 
privileges.  Richard  Faques  issued  about  24  dif- 
ferent books,  but  for  some  reason  almost  everything 
he  printed  is  of  the  greatest  rarity,  quite  one  half 
of  his  productions  being  known  only  from  single 
copies  or  fragments.  Another  item  of  interest  is 
the  Papal  Bull  against  the  Russians  granted  by 
Pope  Julius  II.  in  1506,  being  a  Bull  of  indulgence 
to  all  those  who  should  assist  in  person  or  in  purse 
in  resisting  the  heretical  and  schismatic  Russians. 
The  Indulgence  was  made  in  favour  of  the  King  of 
Poland,  who  in  the  following  year  defeated  the 
Russians,  under  Czar  Basilius,  and  slew  thirty 
thousand  of  them. 

The  Catalogue  concludes  with  a  number  of 
interesting  Spanish  books,  the  first  Aldine  edition 
of  ^Esop,  and  some  additional  manuscripts  with 
miniatures. 

MESSRS.  C.  J.  SAWYER,  LTD.,  of  23  New 
Oxford  Street,  London,  have  recently  issued 
another  of  their  excellently  produced  Illustrated 
Catalogues  (No.  55). 

This  interesting  list  contains  a  fine  selection 
of  Illustrated  Works,  Picture  Galleries,  and  rare- 
Colour-Plate  Books  in  choice  condition,  a  larg» 
and  finely  executed  Original  Oil  Painting  of 
Charles  Dickens,  by  W.  P.  Frith,  B.A.,  and  a 
magnificent  large  Oil  Painting  of  Greenwich  from. 
Observatory  Hill  by  Thomas  Shotter  Boys,; 
deserve  attention.  Attractive  reproductions  of] 
those  are  shewn  in  the  list.  Amongst  the  n>is-i 
cellaneous  items  we  note  fine  bound  sets  of 
Modern  Authors,  British  Poets,  British  EssayistsJ 
&c.,  beautiful  bindings,  and  a  first  rate  copy  oli 
Le win's  '  Birds  of  Great  Britain,'  illustrated  witbi 
the  original  water  colour  drawings.  Also  Auto- 
graph Letters  from  Samuel  Johnson  to  Mrs- 
Piozzi  on  the  death  of  her  husband,  and  a  number 
of  other  autograph  letters  from  the  Townshend 
Collection. 

We  also  notice  what  is  possibly  one  of  the 
greatest  extra-illustrated  works  ever  attempted,. 
'  Life  of  George  Cruikshank,'  by  BlanchardL 
Jerrold,  the  two  crown  octavo  volumes  extended 
to  four  folio  volumes  by  the  insertion  of  over; 
1,700  rare  colour  plates,  caricatures,  autograph. 
letters,  drawings,  playbills,  &c.,  sumptuously 
bound  in  polished  levant  morocco,  at  the  price  oC 
400Z. 


WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately,, 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answers- 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  query;, 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  of 
disposing  of  them. 

HKNDON,  HOMERTON,  and  MR.  E.  WILLIAMS.-— 
Forwarded. 

ST.  SWITHIN.— Yes. 

CORRIGENDA.— Ante,  p.  190,  col.  1,  1.  16,  for 
"Falkland"  and  "Fally"  read  Falkland,  Folly •-- 
P.  201,  col.  2,  1.  21,  for  "  Marchaumort "  read 
Marchaumont.—P.  211,  col.  1, 1.  19  from  foot,  for 
"Permissa"  read  Permissu.— P.  214,  col.  1,3 1.  M| 
for  "  urning"  read  mourning. 


2  8.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


253 


LONDON,  OCTOBER,  1919 


CONTENTS.— No.  97. 
TES:— Temple  Bar,  253— 'The  Tragedy  of  Nero 'and 
Piso's  Conspiracy,'  254— John  Sykes,  Nelson's  Coxswain, 
57— Cowper's  'Sephus,'  258— Statues  and  Memorials  in 
he  British  Isles,  259  -East  Hatley  Brasses,  260— Capt. 
William  Considine— Piano  Legs  in  Trousers— Stepney  for 
he  Ocean-Born— A  Spurious  Charter  of  the  Conqueror, 
61  — "Up"  and  "Down":  their  Barbarous  Misuse— 
larriages— Swift  and  Walpole,  262— Ira  F.  Aldridge,  263 
ERIES :— William  Peer:  the  alleged  Actor,  263  — 
_harles  Morris  of  Portraan  Square  —  Congewoi  — 
American  Church  of  England  Bishops — Gilbert  White's 
Portrait— Coorg  State  :  Strange  Tale  of  a  Princess— More 
or  Moore,  264— References  to  Works  Wanted— Nuncupa- 
tive Wills  — Rede-birds  — J.  Symmons  of  Paddington 
House— Court  of  St.  James— Concannon  Family,  265— 
"  As  dead  as  a  door-nail "  —  Fleet  Prison  Records  — 
"  Gram  "  in  Place-names  —  Richard  Warnford,  Win- 
chester Scholar— Maurice— Derivation  of  Names— Two 
Popes  —  Blackwell  Hall  Factor  —  Gender  of  "Dish" 
in  Latin,  266— Tombstone  Inscription— Author  of  Book 
Wanted— Giants'  Names— Title  of  Book  Wanted— Aster- 
tion  Flowers— James  Wheatley  :  Cobbler,  267—'  Quentin 
Durward  '—Lord  [John]  Vaughan— 'Tom  Jones '—Authors 
of  Quotations  Wanted,  268. 

EPLIES:— 'Life  of  Henry  Maitland':  George  Gissing, 
269— An  English  Army  List  of  1740,  270— Thomas  Shepard 
—Chevalier  Peter  Dillon,  271— Plane  Trees  in  London— 
Cowap— Seven  Kings  — Queen  Anne  :  the  Sovereign's 
Veto :  the  Royal  Assent,  272— Bishops  of  the  Fifteenth 
Century  —  Westgarth,  Inventor  —  Exeter  Cathedral 
Epitaph— Sir  Walter  Raleigh  and  Queen  Elizabeth  at 
Sandgate— Birds  Poisoning  Captive  Young,  273— Fenner 
Family :  Dudley  Fenner— Bibliography  of  Epitaphs,  274 
—George  Dyer— Caractacus  :  Druids— Emerson's  English 
Traits — Proclamation  Stones,  275 — John  Durston  :  John 
Dale—"  Buffaloes  "—Louisa  spelt  Leweezer— St.  John 
Baptist  Heads,  276  — Newton,  R.A.  — Martin  — "  Apo- 
chromatic "—Metal  Mortars— John  Wilson,  Bookseller- 
Mrs.  Susan  Cromwell — Master  Gunner,  277— Church  of 
England  Marriage  Service— Mary  Clarke  of  New  York  : 
Vassall — Bowshot :  the  Longest — "  When  you  die  of  old 
age  I  shall  quake  for  fear" — 'The  Moat  Island'— General 
William  Haviland,  278— Exchange  of  Souls  in  Fiction- 
Ralph  Griffith— Robertson— Finkle  Street— "  As  jolly  as 
sandboys  "—''Scores"— Birth  and  Earth  Place-names,  279. 
[OTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  Latin  Epigraphy  :  an  Introduction 
to  the  Study  of  Latin  Inscriptions  '— '  The  Natural  His- 
tory of  the  Child.'—'  "  The  Child  She  Bare  " ' 
lotices  to  Correspondents. 


TEMPLE    BAR. 

[Y  recent  contribution  on  Tellson's  Bank 
mte,  p.  37)  and  subsequent  correspondence 
inte,  pp.  136,  164,  187,  222)  occasioned  some 
^search  and  the  reassembling  of  notes  on 
he  iconography  of  Temple  Bar  for  the 
ssociated  buildings  on  the  south  side. 

Such  a  list  has  in  a  measure  been  antici- 
iated  by  James  Holbert  Wilson,  whose 
(ublished  portion  of  his  '  Catalogue  of 
'ictorial  Records  of  London  '  describes  many 
lustrations  of  this  outer  gate  of  the  city. 

The  timber  gateway  on  this  site,  that  was 
aken  down  in  1670,  was  a  survival  of  suc- 
essive  triumphal  arches  raised  to  welcome 


James  I.,  &c.,  and  finally  Charles  II. 
at  the  Restoration.  Tha  only  illustration 
of  it  has  been  re-drawn  by  T.  H.  Shepherd 
and  others  from  the  small  representation 
in  Hollar's  seven-sheet  map  of  London. 
The  Portland-stone  gate  that  replaced  this 
was  completed  in  1672  from  the  designs  of 
Sir  Christopher  Wren,  who  filled  in  the  west 
side  of  the  pediment  with  an  altar,  from 
which  flames  rise,  supported  on  either  side 
by  cornucopise  ;  presumably  an  allusion  to 
the  Great  Fire  and  subsequent  re-building  of 
the  city. 

The  seventeenth- century  illustrations  of 
Temple  Bar  are  not  only  uncommon  but 
difficult  to  date  correctly. 

1.  *  The  Sheet  of  Engravings  of  the  Gates 
of   London,'    by    Sutton   Nicholls,    includes 
Temple  Bar. 

2.  '  Memoires  et  Observations  Faites  par 
un  Voyageur  en  Angleterre,'  published  "  a 
la  Haye,  1698,"  contains  a  small  4to  folding 
plate   showing  the   structure  isolated   from 
its  surroundings.     There  are  a  few  pedes- 
trians,   but   no    other   traffic.     The   title   is 
provided  on  a  ribbon  above  the  pediment, 
'  Temple  Barr.' 

3.  The  illustration  in  '  Les  Delices  de  la 
Grande  Bretagne  '  has  for  its  title  '  Temple 
Barr    du    Cote    du    Couchant.'     There    are 
several   states   of  this   familiar  plate  ;     the 
houses  on  the  left  have  been  added  piece- 
meal ;    also  the  incident  of  the  pair-horse 
coach,    the    barking    dogs,    and    the    man 
escaping  has  probably  some  significance. 

4.  A   small    4to    plate    that    may    be    an 
English  re-rendering  of  No.  3.     The  Bar  is 
represented  in  fine -line  engraving,  but  the 
streets  cene  and  houses  are  etched,  and  the 
perspective    is     hopelessly     at     fault.     The 
street  incidents  are  a  four-horsed  coach  being 
met  by  two  pair-horsed  coaches  from  which 
persons  of  consequence  have  alighted,  while 
horsemen  proceed  to  the  city.     Pedestrians 
are  looking  towards  this  incident,  which  may 
be    illustrative.     The    whole    plate    is    sur- 
rounded by  a  laurel  border  with  title-piece 
inlaid  :  '  Temple  Barr  :  the  West-Side.' 

Other  seventeenth-century  illustrations 
are  the  rare  engravings  of  the  *  Solemn  Mock 
Processions,'  usually  headed  by  an  effigy 
of  Sir  Edmundbury  Godfrey  and  his  anta- 
gonists. The  procession  stopped  at  Temple 
Bar  and  a  huge  bonfire  completed  the  cele- 
bration, which  apparently  was  held 
Nov.  17,  1679,  and  1680.  The  three  (5,  6, 
and  7)  engravings  and  a  descriptive  pam- 
phlet are  fully  described  by  J.  Holbert 
Wilson  (see  ante).  It  is  worth  noting  that 
Samuel  Pepys  the  diarist  completed  in  1700 


254 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  «.  v.  OCT.,  1919. 


his  MS.  catalogue  entitled  '  My  Collection 
of  Prints  and  Drawings  (as  far  as  extant  and 
recoverable)  relating  to  the  Cities  of  London 
and  Westminster  and  their  Environs.' 
This  only  includes  two  west  views  of  Temple 
Bar,  so  his  collection  was  not  so  complete  as 
his  zeal  and  opportunities  would  lead  us  to 
expect. 

The  eighteenth- century  illustrations  are 
very  numerous,  and  I  do  not  claim  to  have 
listed  all,  but  only  noted  the  most  remark- 
able. 

Hogarths's  view  provided  in  the  eleventh 
plate  (8)  of  the  '  Hudibras  '  set  is  fictitious, 
as  it  illustrates  an  incident  occurring  twelve 
years  before  Temple  Bar  was  built  (vide 
Pepys's  'Diary,'  Feb.  11,  1660). 

Another  familiar  illustration  of  Temple 
Bar  is  the  print  with  the  heads  of  Townley 
and  Fletcher  exposed  on  poles  above  the 
pediment.  The  original  4to  etching  (9)  is 
very  scarce,  but  has  been  re-engraved,  and 
the  lithograph  inserted  at  p.  26  of  '  Temple 
Bar,  the  City  Golgotha,'  correctly  represents 
the  illustrative  part  of  the  print.  There 
are  in  the  original  eight  verses  below  an 
imprint  :  "  Published  Sept.  20,  1746.  Price 
6cL"  Of  great  interest  are  the  parodies  of 
this  engraving.  One  represents  Lord  Bute 
and  George  III.  walking  through  the  arch, 
and  another  has  the  head  of  Fox  as  the 
fearful  example  of  treason. 

The  Battle  of  Temple  Bar  (10)  illustrated 
in  The  Oxford  Magazine,  1769,  is  not  an 
important  illustration  and  of  the  published 
engravings  the  4to  views  by  Roffe  after  W. 
Capon  (11),  published  by  W.  Richardson, 
May  8,  1797,  and  by  Neagle  after  E. 
Dayes  (12),  published  by  Stockdale,  1799, 
are  probably  the  most  interesting.  There 
are  other  important  views:  the  engravings 
by  Malton  and  Morle — but  I  must  express  a 
preference  for  two  important  paintings  in 
which  Temple  Bar  is  illustrated  con- 
spicuously— '  The  Reception  of  George  III.,' 
now  in  the  corridor  of  the  Council  Chamber 
at  the  Guildhall,  and  a  canvas  by  John  Colet, 
painted  between  1741  and  1780,  now  in  the 
possession  of  Child  &  Co.  The  water-colour 
drawings  of  this  and  the  later  period,  by 
Schnebbelie,  T.  H.  Shepherd,  and  others,  are 
numerous,  but  in  many  instances  suspect  of 
being  ingenious  reconstructions  or  copies 
from  engravings.  Each  must  be  strictly 
judged  for  its  topographical  accuracy.  I 
also  exclude  some  engravings  that,  cropped 
of  their  imprints,  cannot  be  identified. 

The  nineteenth-century  illustrations  of 
Temple  Bar  are  numerous,  but,  as  book 
illustrations,  without  special  merit.  When 


in  the  seventies  the  clearance  of  buildings 
for  the  new  Courts   of  Justice  caused  the 
subsidence  and  consequent  propping  of  the 
centre  arch,  the  photographers  were  active 
and  I  have  before  me  a  very  full  series  ilh 
trating   the   stages    of   its   decay   and   fina 
demolition.     Of    published    illustrations    ii 
this  period  some  call  for  special  notice. 

The  Illustrated  Times  of  Feb.  18,  1871 
(p.  103),  provides  an  excellent  view  of  the 
interior  of  the  room.  A  rare  etching  by 
C.  W.  Sherborn  is  of  interest,  and  in  a  letter 
accompanying  the  example  before  me  he 
says  :  — 

"  I  have  this  day  forwarded  a  proof  impression 
of  my  work  on  Temple  Bar.  On  the  left  you  will 
see  1  have  introduced  the  entrance  to  the  Temple 
and  Child's  old  Banking  house  where  Nelly 
Gwyne  used  to  Bank.  On  the  right  the  Cock 
Tavern,  one  of  the  oldest  in  London,  with  the 
cock  carved  by  Gibbons." 

He   adds   that   he   stood   at   the   corner   of 
Chancery  Lane  to  obtain  the  view. 

The  removal  and  rebuilding  of  Temple 
Bar  was  so  much  a  topic  of  the  hour  and 
subsequent  sentiment  that  illustrations  of 
it  frequently  occur  in  Christmas  greeting 
cards,  menus  of  city  banquets,  and  other  less 
familiar  forms  of  publicity.  It  is  a  distinc- 
tion singular  to  this  city  gate,  but  makes 
almost  impossible  this  or  any  other  effort 
to  provide  a  complete  iconography. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 
51  Rutland  Park  Mansions,  N.W.2. 


'  THE  TRAGEDY  OF  NERO  '  AND 
'PISO'S  CONSPIRACY.' 

IT  is  peculiar  how  responsible  historians  of 
literature,  deeply  versed  in  their  subject,, 
careful  and  erudite  as  they  may  be,  some- 
times persist,  one  after  the  other,  in  making 
the  same  mistakes  as  to  matters  of  fact,  or 
in  reproducing  uncritically  the  uncritical 
assertions  of  earlier  historians.  It  is  easy 
to  make  mistakes,  but  some  mistakes  seem 
so  ludicrous  and  so  apparent  that  one 
wonders  how  they  first  came  to  be  made, 
and,  more,  how  they  continued  to  be 
repeated.  Of  such  a  mistake  '  The  Tragedy 
of  Nero  '  presents  an  interesting  example. 

'  The  Tragedy  of  Nero,  Emperour  of 
Rome,'  published  in  1675  and  acted  at  the 
Theatre  Royal,  Drury  Lane,  the  same  year, 
was  the  first  of  those  tragedies  written  by 
poor  Nat  Lee,  dark  with  the  overlooming 
melancholy  of  madness,  yet  so  luridly  and 
so  beautifully  lit  at  time*  with  the  fierce 
lightning  flashes  of  his  gem  a-  Its  probable 
production  on  the  stage  was  in  the  early 


2  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


255 


mmer,  as  it  was  licensed  on  June  19  and 
peared  from  the  press  in  the  Trinity  term 
rber,  'The  Term  Catalogues,'  i.  211). 
le  year  following,  1676,  another  play  on 
B  same  subject,  but  this  time  styled  '  Piso's 
nspiracy,'  and  issued  anonymously,  was 
ted  at  the  rival  playhouse  at  Dorset 
,rden.  It  was  licensed  on  Feb.  10  and 
peared  in  book  form  about  Easter  ( '  The 
rm  Catalogues,'  i.  227).  It  is  concerning 
lese  two  plays  that  the  uncritical  error 
ferred  to  above  occurs. 
Gerard  Langbaine,  in  his  '  Momus 
riumphans  '  (1687),  and  later  in  his  'An 
ccount  of  the  English  Dramatick  Poets  ' 
691),  in  speaking  of  the  latter  play,  declares 
iat  it  is  "  only  the  Tragedy  of  Nero.  . .  .* 
eviv'd,  and  printed  verbatim "  (p.  545). 
riarles  Gildon,  who  in  1698/9  produced  an 
nended  and  enlarged  edition  of  Lang- 
line's  work  ('  The  Lives  and  Characters  of 
ie  English  Dramatick  Poets  '),  amplified 
is  statement  and  announced  that  '  Piso's 
mspiracy  '  "is  no  more  than  the  Tragedy 
Nero,  with  a  Title  chang'd,  and  if  you 
•mpare  them,  will  find  no  Difference 
roughout  "  (p.  166).  This  statement  was 
ily  copied  in  the  various  editions  of  the 
Siographia  Dramatica,'  and  even  the  Rev. 
>hn  Genest,  in  1832,  quoted  Langbaine's 
sertion,  apparently  with  approval  ( '  Some 
3count  of  the  English  Stage,'  i.  1 86).  What 
most  surprising,  however,  is  that,  in  our 
odern  days  of  most  elaborate  and  pains- 
king  research,  the  '  Cambridge  History  of 
iglish  Literature '  should,  in  its  biblio- 
aphy  of  Lee,  declare  that  '  Nero '  was 
reissued  in  1676  as  '  Piso's  Conspiracy.'  ' 
ie  whole  of  the  statements,  of  course, 
ice  1687,  are  based  on  the  initial  phrase  of 
tngbaine's,  but  that  hardly  excuses  the 
;er  unverified  repetition  of  his  erroneous 

3W. 

The  truth  of  the  matter  is  that  not  only 
there  not  a  line  of  '  Piso's  Conspiracy  ' 
rrowed  from  '  The  Tragedy  of  Nero,'  but 
it  the  two  plays,  in  conception,  in 
aracters,  in  treatment,  are  as  diverse  as 
o  plays  written  on  the  same  subject  can 
ry  well  be.  Lee's  drama,  already  rich  in 
rants  and  in  its  bombast,  softening  into 
thetic  little  patches  of  pure  poetry, 
ounds  not  only  in  such  "  heroic "  ex- 
•mations  as  that  of  Brittanicus — "  O 
IDS  !  Devils  !  Hell,  Heaven  and  Earth  !  "  — 


:  In  *  Momus  Triumphans'  he  traces  both 
gedies  to  the  same  source  :  Suetonius,  '  InVitam 
ronis.'  '  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  however,  owes  much 
lacitus. 


but    also   in   such  powerful   scenes   as  that 
where   the    same   character   runs    mad,    an 
early  sign  of  a  fatal  bent  in  Lee's  own  mind, 
both    of    which    are    lacking    in    the    later 
production.     The    author    of    '  Piso's    Con- 
spiracy '  was  obviously  more  concerned  with 
historical  presentment  than  was  Lee.     He 
introduces    more    classical    allusions    in    his 
conversation,    and    less    of    the    emotional 
outbursts  to  which  Lee  gives  himself  so  much 
away.     For    this    purpose,    he    introduces 
among  his  dramatis  personae  the  characters 
of  Lucan  and  Scevinus,  as  well  as  the  Seneca 
common   to   them   both,   and,   cutting   out 
Agrippina,    "  the   Old  Empress  mother    to 
Nero,"  Octavia,  "  Nero's  first  wife  sister    of 
Brittanicus,'"   Cyara,    "  Princess  of  Parthia, 
Mrs.    [sic]   of  Brittanicus,"    Syllana,    "  Pop- 
psea's    confident,"    he    reduces    the    female 
persons  to  Poppea  alone,  thus  considerably 
diminishing   the    emotional   element   in   his 
play.     Along   with  those   characters   which 
are   wanting   in   his   drama   go   Brittanicus 
himself,  "  true  Heire  of  the  Empire,"  Otho, 
Poppea' s     husband,     "  Caligula's     Ghost," 
Dru^illus,    Plautus,    Silvius,    and   Mirmilon. 
On  the  other  hand,  he  adds,  besides  the  two 
mentioned   above,   Nimphidius,    "  A   Noble 
Man  of  Rome,  and  Favourite  to  Poppea," 
Tigellinus,    "  Nero's    Creditour,"    Antonius, 
"  in  Love  with  Poppea,"  a  couple  of  other 
courtiers    and    Memicus,    the    freeman    of 
Scevinus.     Undoubtedly,     the      author     of 
'  Piso's  Conspiracy  '   knew  more  of  Roman 
manners    than   did   Lee.     He   has    inserted 
little  scraps  of  translation  from  Juvenal  and 
from  Persius  into  the  general  dialogue,  and 
such  a  conversation  as  that  between  Seneca, 
Scevinus,   and   Lucan   in   Act   I.    scene   iii. 
shows  how  skilfully  he  could  reproduce  his 
knowledge.     Lee's     tragedy     "  doth     more 
heroically  sound,"  but  in  general  its  horror 
and  its  strained  emotions  are  too  continuous. 
There  is  no  working  up  in  it  to  a  precon- 
ceived end,  and  when  we  consider  that    it 
begins  with  a  murder  we  realise  that   our 
nterest  must  somewhat  flag  ere  the  end  be 
reached.     It  is  not  the  tragedy  of  Nero,  but 
of  a  giant  monster  of  infamy,  of  a  moon- 
struck villain  of  his  own  diseased  fancy. 

In  the  conduct  of  the  plot,  and  apart  from 
she  obvious  changes  made  necessary  from 
the  difference  in  the  dramatis  persona*,  the 
bwo  authors  vary  almost  as  far  as  they  could 
have  done.  In  '  Piso's  Conspiracy  '  Poppea 
dies  in  Act  IV.,  stabbed  by  the  hand  of 
Nero  ;  in  Lee  she  is  not  killed  until  the 
close  of  the  play  (Act  V.),  and  then  she  falls 
by  Piso's  dagger.  Nero,  also,  in  the  former 
tragedy,  commits  suicide  at  the  close, 


256 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  OCT.,  191&. 


naturally  :  while  Lee  makes  him  perish  in 
a  supernatural  manner  as  if  the  heavens  were 
taking  revenge  on  his  foul  crimes.  More- 
over, to  take  only  the  more  obvious  dis- 
similarities, Rome,  in  '  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  is 
shown  cor  am,  populo  burning  (Act  III. 
scene  ii.,  "  Scene  Rome,  a  Fire  "),  with  all  the 
accompanying  emotions  concomitant  to  that 
event.  In  Lee  the  incident  is  omitted 
entirely,  for  Lee  was  more  interested  in  the 
fires  of  the  heart  than  in  the  fires  of  reality. 

Variant  as  the  anonymous  tragedy  is  in  the 
matter  of  plot,  it  differs  too  in  the  region  of 
style.  Lee's  play  was  of  the  "  heroic  " 
cast,  and  was  penned  largely,  if  not  quite,  in 
rhymed  verse.  It  is  rampant,  as  we  have 
seen,  in  bombastic  exclamations,  just  such 
as  are  so  prominent  in  Lee's  other  dramatic 
productions  :  "  Furies  !  and  Hell  !  " 
('  Gloriana,'  Theatre  Royal,  1676),  "  Night  ! 
Horrour  !  Death  !  Confusion  !  Hell  !  and 
Furies  !  "  ('  CEdipus,'  Dorset  Garden,  1679), 
"  Death  and  Devils  !  Daggers  !  Poison  ! 
Racks  and  Fire  !  "  ('  Caesar  Borgia,'  Dorset 
Garden,  1680),  k'  Furies  and  Hell  !  "  ('  Duke 
of  Guise,'  Theatre  Royal,  1683),  while  the 
bombastic  heroics  contained  in  it  are  hardly 
to  be  matched  even  in  other  productions  of 
the  same  cast.  Nero's  wild  rage  in  the  second 
act  could,  I  think,  only  have  been  written  by 
Lee,  although  Dry  den  might  have  run  him 
close  in  exaggerated  absurdity  :  — 
When  I  look  sad,  whole  Hecatomb*  should  fall, 
Ha  !  who  are  they?  my  fretting  Blood  does  rise  : 
Hands,  rest  :  Fie  try  to  blast  him  with  my  Eyes. 
Make  me  Basilitk,  but  one  short  hour, 
Some  GOD,  that  would  be  Nero's  Emperour. 
On  reading  '  Piso's  Conspiracy  '  we  are 
thankful  that  such  remarkable  "furious" 
declarations  are  conspicuous  by  their 
absence  !  That  play,  in  point  of  fact,  is 
written  almost  completely  in  more  or  less 
chastened  blank  verse,  which,  however,  has 
been  apparently  most  severely  handled  by 
the  printer  who  set  it  in  type.  In  Act  IV. 
Scene  iii.,  for  example,  a  speech  of  Poppea 
appears  in  this  wise  :  — 

I  know  not,  but  this  Youth  does  strangely  move 

My  mind ; 

His  Face,  me-thinks,  is  more  Angelical, 

Than  Earthly. 

Oh  !  his  words  invade 

My  weak'ned  Senses,  and  o'r-come  my  Heart, 

and  another,  by  a  Friend  of  Seneca,  in  an 
even  more  mangled  form  :  — 

To  our  own  Losses  do  we  give  these  Tears, 

That  lose  thy  Love,  thy  Boundless  Knowledge 

Lose, 

Lose  the  unpattern'd  Sample  of  thy  Vertue, 

Lose  whatsoe'r  may  Praise,  or  Sorrow 

Move ; 

In  all  these  Losses 


and  so  on  for  another  dozen  or  so  of  linesj 
This,  surely,  can  be  nothing  but  the  some-1 
what  crude  notions  of  a  seventeenth-century 
compositor   as   to    the   visual    "  shape "    of] 
verse  ! 

Overlooking    such    typographical    eccea-  y 
tricities,  however,  '  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  little 
read  as  it  seems  to  be,  even  by  responsible- 
critics,  is  by  no  means  a  contemptible  pro- -j 
duction,     and     whoever     the      anonymous 
author  he  stands  well  on  the  same  plane  as- 
that  of  the  writer  of  '  The  Tragedy  of  Nero/ ; 
Lee's  play  irritates  us  by  its  loyalty  and  gods 
and  kings,  all  spoken  of  in  capital  letters... 
His     conception    of    royal     excellence    has- 
marred    what    otherwise    would    have    pre- . 
sented   an   ideal   subject   for   a   Restoration- 
blood-tragedy.     The    anonymous    dramatist 
has  not  fallen  into  this  pitfall,  but  has  led, 
us  into  a  world  of  real  vice,  not  vice  imagined 
merely  in  exaggerated  heroics  and  swayed 
to  a  bias  of  the  mind.     Nor  does  he  lack 
those  telling  lines  which,  few  as  they  are  inv. 
number  when  compared  to  those  of  Lee,  yet 
tell  of  a  considerable  power  of  diction  and  of^ 
imagination.     The    last    act    is    very    much 
superior  to  that  of  '  Nero  '  and  does  not  lose 
in  tone  from  the  fine   opening  words  of  the- 
Emperor  :  — 

Enough  is  wept,  Poppea,  for  thy  Death, 
Enough  is  bled  ;  so  many  Tears  of  others 
Wailing  their  Losses  havewip'd  mine  away. 
Who  in  the  Common  Funeral  of  the  world 
Can  mourn  one  Death  ? 
'  Piso's  Conspiracy  '  is  not  in  the  British 
Museum,  but  there  is  a  well-preserved  copy 
in   the    Malone    collection   of   the    Bodleian. 
Library  (No.    52),  where  also   is  that  unique 
specimen  of   "The  Tragedy  of  Nero  '    (evi- 
dently a  presentation  copy)  which  contains 
what    are    without    doubt    the    manuscript 
corrections    and    additions    of    the    author 
himself.     When    Malone    bought    it    it    was 
richly  bound  in  a  finely  gilt  cover  ;    nowr 
unfortunately,  it  has  been  added  to  other 
first  editions  of  Lee's  plays  to  make  up  a 
single  collected  volume.     Most  of  the  cor- 
rections   are    merely    ones    of    spelling    or 
orthography,  but  on  pp.   26  and  29  occur- 
two    added   lines  :    "  Thy    honour's    lost.     I 
read  it  in  thy  eyes,"   and  "  Prettily  shruggs 
and  witty  prayers  does  make,"  which  could 
have  come  from  none  but  the  author's  own 
pen. 

Both  plays,  like  so  many  others  of  the* 
forgotten  Restoration  tragedies,  are  well 
worth  our  re-reading,  even  in  our  modern- 
sophisticated  age.  Unnatural  and  artificial 
as  they  often  are,  they  tell  of  a  fertility  of 
imagination  not  lost  from  the  earlier  days 


12  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


257 


triumph    for   the    drama,    and,    if    their 
thors    equal    not    Webster    or    Ford,    tc 
nation    no    names    more    illustrious    thar 
ese,  they  have  worked  in  the  same  studio 
th    them,    have    learnt    the    same    high 
hguage,  have  quaffed  the  same  Parnassian 
ine,  are  as  representative  and  as  importan 
r  an  understanding   of  their  age   as   th< 
,rlier  dramatists  were  for  that  of  Elizabeth 
•    of    Charles    I.     In    the    very    midst    o 
>mbast    lie    their    treasures     of    beauty 
aong  the  absurdest  of  their  artificialities 
ie  elements  of  a  strong  and  a  sane  humanity 

ALLABDYCE  NICOLL,  M.A. 
11,  St.  Clements,  Oxford. 


JOHN     SYKES, 
NELSON'S    COXSWAIN. 

IE  tracing  of  coxswains  in  the  Naval 
uster  Books  is  always  a  difficult  process, 

they  were  chosen  irrespective  of  their 
bing  on  board ;  but,  as  coxswains,  had  no 
icial,  or  recognised  standing;  and  there 
3  no  lists  of  them  in  the  Naval  Records. 
Though  a  coxswain  was  a  personal  body 
bendant  of  a  captain,  or  admiral,  he  never 
pears  amongst  the  retinue  of  the  latter, 
t  was  rated  along  with  the  rest  of  the 
ip's  company. 

In  having  come  across,  in  an  old  Colonial 
per,*  a  very  interesting  account  of  the 
mbardment  of  Cadiz  on  the  night  of  July 
1797,  by  an  eye-witness  (but  whose  name 

not  given),  the  following  description 
jrefrom  of  the  devotion  of  John  Sykes  for 

beloved  captain,  will  be  read  with  interest, 
i  will  bear  repeating,  as  it  ought  to  be 
>re  generally  known. 

lohn  Sykes,  a  native  of  Kerton,  Lincoln- 
re,  joined  the  Agamemnon  as  a  volunteer 
1793,  when  23  years  of  age  ;  from  an  A.B. 
became  ship's  corporal  July  23,  1793,  and 

about  three  years  served  thereon  under 
Ison,  following  him,  as  his  coxswain,  to  the 
ptain. 

Vfter  the  battle  of  St.  Vincent  (Feb.  14, 
)7)  Nelson  records  that  John  Sykes  and 
iers  were  present  on  board  the  Spanish 
t  rate  when  "  I  did  receive  the  swords  of 
>  vanquished  Spaniards,  which  as  I 
eived,  I  gave  to  William  Fearney,f  one 
my  barge  men,  who  put  them  with  the 
atest  sangfroid  under  his  arm." 

C.O.  116/1,  March  21, 1836  (lodged  at  the  Public 
ord  Office). 

Not  to  John  Sykes,  which  has  been  sometimes 
meously  stated. 


From  the  Captain  John  Sykes  accom 
panied  Nelson  to  the  Theseus. 

On  the  night  of  July  3,  1797,  Nelson,  who 
had  the  command  of  the  inshore  squadron, 
proceeded  with  the  Thunder  bomb,  &c.,  to 
bombard  the  town  of  Cadiz,  but  the  large 
mortar  being  materially  injured,  she  was 
ordered  to  retire,  and  the  enemy  perceiving 
this,  tried  to  carry  her  off,  but  Nelson 
defeated  them. 

*'  The  commandant  of  the  Spanish  gun-boats,  a 
gallant  fellow,  Don  Miguel  Tryason,  singled  out 
the  Admiral's  barge,  in  which  we  had  only  ten 
men  besides  my  self,  the  Admiral  and  Capt.  Free- 
mantle,  and  in  which  was  John  Sykes,  as  gallant 
a  sailor  as  ever  took  up  sloops  from  a  purser,  or 
shared  his  grog  with  his  mess-mates. 

"  Don  Miguel  ordered  his  boat  to  be  placed  alon* 
side  of  ours ;  and,  as  you  may  suppose,  we  did  not 
object  to  the  meeting,  although  she  was  a  powerful 
craft,  and  manned  by  twenty-six  stout  looking 
chaps.  This  was  a  hand  to  hand  business.  Don 
Miguel  led  his  men  bravely ;  and  to  give  them  the 
credit  they  deserve,  they  were  worthy  of  such  a 
gallant  commander,  and  of  the  honour  of  being 
killed  by  us. 

"  Nelson  parried  a  blow  which  would  have  saved 
lim  from  being  at  the  Nile,  and  Freeman  tie  fought 
ike  himself,  fore  and  aft,  both  boats.  It  was  a 
desperate  struggle,  and  once  we  were  nearly  car- 
'ied.  John  Sykes  was  close  to  Nelson  on  his  left 
land,  and  he  seemed  more  concerned  for  the 
Admiral's  life  than  his  own  :  he  hardly  ever  struck 
blow,  but  to  save  his  gallant  officer. 
"  Twice  he  parried  blows  which  must  have 
>een  fatal  to  Nelson  ;  for  Sykes  was  a  man  whose 
coolness  gave  him  full  scope  for  the  Science  at 
Single  Stick,  and  who  never  knew  what  fear  was, 
any  more  than  his  Admiral.  It  was  cut.  thrust, 
ire,  and  no  load  again— we  had  no  time  for  that. 
?he  Spaniards  fought  like  devils,  and  seemed 
esolved  to  win  from  the  Admiral  the  laurel  of 
lis  former  Victory :  they  appeared  to  know  him, 
nd  directed  their  principal  attack  towards  the 
ffieers. 

"Twice  had  Sykes  saved  him  ;  and  now  he  saw 

blow  descending  which  would  have  severed  the 

ead  of  Nelson.    In  that  second  of  thought  which 

cool  man  possesses,  Sykes  saw  that  he  could  not 

ward  the  blow  with  his  cutlass  ;    the  situation  of 

rie  Spaniard  rendered  it  impossible.     He  saw  the 

anger  ;  that  moment  expired,  and  Nelson  would 

ave  been  a  corpse:    but  Sykes   saved  him  —  he 

iterposed  his  9\vn  head  !    His  Commander  was  so 

eloved,  that  his  old  follower  (for  Sykes  was  with 

s  in  the  Captain)  sought  the  death  he  could  not 

therwise  have  averted.     We  all  saw  it — we  were 

witnesses  to  the  gallant    deed,   and  we    gave    in 

revenge    one    cheer    and    one    tremendous    rally. 

Eighteen  of    the  Spaniards  were    killed,   and  we 

boarded  and  carried  her;  there  not  being  one  man 

left  on  board  who  was  not  either  dead  or  wounded. 

;' '  Sykes,'  said  Nelson,  as  he  caught  the  gallant 

fellow  in  his  arms,  '  I  cannot  forget  this.'    But  my 

wounded  shipmate  only  looked  him  in  the  face,  and 

smi'ed,  as  he  said,  'Thank  God,  Sir,  you  are  safe.' 

"  Your  heroes  have  the  best  hearts  :  if  gratitude 
could  have  repaid  Sykes,  Nelson  had  done  it :  he 
would  have  made  him  a  lieutenant,  but  the  wound 


258 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  OCT.,  1919. 


rendered  him  for  ever  unfit  to  benefit  by  the  powe 
and  disposition  of  his  Admiral.  He  died  soon  after 
but  was  always  a  little  queer  here  in  the  head  ;  anc 
no  wonder,  for  the  blow  would  have  split  the  skul 
of  a  negro,  or  a  cocoa-nut,  and  Sykes  was  beyom 
the  help  of  the  noble  hero  he  had  saved.  This  was 
no  brush.  It  is  very  rarely  that  men  are  opposec 
hand  to  hand,  and  sword  'to  sword  ;  and  you  may 
guess  how  fierce  was  the  fight,  when  Spaniards 
resisted  until  not  a  man  remained  untouchec 
amongst  them." 

From  one  of  the  last  letters  which  Nelson 
ever  wrote  with  his  right  hand,  and  which  i.< 
now  preserved  in  the  Museum  of  the  Public 


Record    Office, 
taken :  — 


the     following    extract    is 


"  Theseus,  July  4,  1797. 

I  feel  particularly  indebted  for  the  successful 
termination  of  this  contest  to  the  gallantry  of 
Capts.  Eraser  and  Miller,  the  former  of  whom 
accompanied  me  in  my  barge,  and  to  my  coxswain 
John  Sykes  who,  in  defending  My  Person,  is  most 
severely  wounded,  as  was  Capt.  Freeman  tie  slightly 

" 


in  the  attack 


HORATIO  NELSON. 


John  Sykes  was  discharged  from  the 
Theseus  on  Oct.  24  1797,  to  the  Andro- 
mache on  promotion  to  a  gunner,  and  died 
abroad  on  May  1  1798,  of  wounds  received 
by  the  bursting  of  a  gnn. 

'Letters  of  administration  were  granted  to 
his  mother  Hannah  Huddlestone,  (sworn 
under  300Z.). 

John  Sykes  had  a  brother,  Robinson 
Sykes,  who  is  said  to  have  been  coxswain 
to  some  captain  or  admiral  at  the  battle  of 
St.  Vincent.  I  should  be  glad  if  any  of 
your  readers  could  kindly  tell  me  the  name 
of  any  ship  upon  which  he  served. 

E.  H.  FAIRBROTHER. 


COWPER'S    'SEPHUS.' 

MANY  years  ago  (1  S.  xi.  343)  there  appeared 
a  query,  so  far  unanswered,  on  the  following 
points  :  "  Who  was  Joseph  Hill's  father  ? 
Who  was  his  wife  ?  Did  they  leave  children? 
What  became  of  them  ?  When  did  he  die 
and  where  was  he  interred  ?  "  As  a  result 
of  recent  researches  which  I  have  been 
making  I  am  able  not  only  to  answer  these 
questions,  but  also  to  supply  much  other 
interesting  information  about  this  stanch 
and  unassuming  friend  who  is  so  scantily 
treated  by  Cowper's  biographers. 

Joseph  Hill  was  born  on  Dec.  27,  1733 
(O.S.),  at  Took's  Court,  Cursitor  Street, 
Chancery  Lane,  the  son  of  Francis  and 
Theodosia  Hill,  and  was  baptized  on  Jan.  18 
following  at  St.  Andrew's,  Holborn.  Francis 
Hill,  an  attorney  by  profession,  was  a 
gentleman  of  good  family  and  estate,  related 


Hill   to    Sir   Joseph   Jekyll,    Master   of  the- 
Rolls,    whose    secretary    he    became.     Try- 
phena   Hill   was    the    daughter   of   Thomas 
Sanders  of  Ireton,  co.  Derby,  a  colonel  in_ 
Cromwell's  army.     She  married  first  Richard, 
Hill    (d.    1650),    and    in    1653    became    the 
second  wife  of  John  Jekyll  (1611-90),  and 
bore  him  several  children,  the  youngest  of 
whom    rose    to    be    Master    of    the    Rolls. 
Francis  Hill,  who  was  thus  a  half-nephew 
of  the  judge,  married  Theodosia  Sedgwickf 
sister  of  Robert  Sedgwick  (d.  1744),  purveyor 
to  the  royal  stables  at  Charing  Cross.     He; 
died  in  1741,  leaving  his  wife  (d.  1784)  and 
three  infant  children,  Joseph,  Frances,  and 
Theodosia,    whose    friendship    with    Cowper 
has  preserved  them  from  oblivion.    Cowper's 
Uncle    Ashley    was    appointed    one    of    the* 
trustees    of    his    will,    and    it    was    through 
Ashley    and    probably    at    his    house    that 
Cowper    and    Joseph    became     acquainted. 
Despite  the  fact  that  Cowper  in  one  of  his 
letters  addresses  Hill  as  an  old  member  of 
the  Nonsense  Club  it  is  clear  from  a  letter 
written  by  Hill  to  Hayley  in  1802— a  copy  of 
which  is   in  my  possession — and  from  the 
absence  of  his  name  in  the  school  admission* 
ists  between  the  years  1740  and  1752  that 
le  was  not  at  Westminster.     The  place  of 
nis    education    I    have    not    been    able    to> 
discover. 

Hill  was  bred  early  to  the  law.     While- 
/owper  was  giggling  and  making  giggle  with 
lis  cousins  of  Southampton  Row.  Hill  was 
erving   under   articles    of   clerkship   to   Mr. 
Robert  Chester  of  the  Six  Clerks'  Office  in 
Chancery  Lane.     In  due  course  he  qualified 
as  a  solicitor  and  attorney,  and  also  became 
one  of  the  Sixty  or  Sworn  Clerks  in  Chancery. 
Cowper's  prediction  that  his  friend  would 
have   a   crowded   office   was    soon   realized. 
He     rapidly     acquired     a     flourishing     and 
aristocratic  practice,  which  numbered  in  its 
clientele   several   members    of   the    nobility. 
Numerous  tokens  reached  him  of  the  esteem 
felt  for  his  services — one  of  his  clients,  the- 
Hon.  Mary  Leigh,  leaving  him  the  princely 
legacy  of  10,OOOZ.  as  a  mark  of  her  gratitude. 
In  1778,  upon  Thurlow's  elevation  to  the 
"Woolsack,    Hill    was    created    Secretary    of 
Lunatics,  a  class  of  unfortunates  over  whom 
the    Crown,    through   the    Lord    Chancellor, 
exercizes  a  paternal  jurisdiction.     Indirectly 
he  owed  the  appointment  to  Cowper,  for  it 
was  the  latter  who  had  introduced  him  to  the 
future  Chancellor  in  the  Southampton  Row 
days. 

Hill,    cockney    though 


he    was,    shared' 

'owper' s  love  for  rural  sights  and  sounds, 
through  his  paternal  grandmother  ^ryphena  j  In  middle  life  he   purchased   an   estate  at 


J  £  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


259 


irgrave  and  built  himself  a  house  beside 
>  Thames,  where  he  entertained  Lady 
sketh,  and  would  have  entertained  her 
isin  if  that  cousin  could  have  been 
iuced  to  stir  from  Olney. 
Sill  died  on  April  28,  1811,  at  his  London 
ise  in  New  Burlington  Street,  and  was 
ried  in  Wargrave  Church.  A  memorial 
>let  ornamented  by  Nollekens  was  placed 

the  chancel  bearing  the  following  in- 
iption.  composed  by  his  friend  Joseph 
qrll  :  — 

To  the  memory  of  Joseph  Hill,  Esqr.,  of  War- 
ve  Hill,  who  died  28  April,  1811,  aged  77,  great 
•hew  of  Sir  Joseph  Jekyll,  Kt.,  Master  of  the 
Us.  His  long  practice  in  the  profession  of  the 
v  was  marked  with  integrity  and  talent,  his 
vate  life  with  every  social  and  domestic  virtue. 
w  his  remains  are  deposited  those  of  Sarah,  his 
low,  \vho  closed  a  life  of  piety  and  benevolence 
October  the  llth,  1824,  aged  82  years." 
.happily  the  memorial  was  destroyed  in 
)  fire  which  wrecked  the  church  in  1914. 
By  this  his  only  wife  Sarah  (b.  1742,  the 
aghter  of  John  Mathews  of  Wargrave), 
whom  he  was  married  in  August,  1771, 
il  had  no  issue.  Unknown  to  Cowper, 
:ept  by  correspondence,  Mrs.  Hill,  like 
•  husband,  was  assiduous  in  attention  to 
s  poet's  wants  and  comforts,  including  his 
il-known  taste  for  fish. 
Fhe  friend  and  confidant  of  Lady  Hesketh 
1  Theodora,  Mrs.  Hill  was  the  lady  en- 
sted  with  the  packet  of  Cowper'  s  early 
>ms  by  her  whose  love  had  inspired  and 
served  them:  — 

fer  through  tedious  years  of  doubt  and  pain, 
ixed  in  her  choice  and  faithful  but  in  vain. 
)n  the  death  of  Theodora  and  of  Mrs. 
1,  within  a  short  time  of  one  another,  the 
;ms  were  handed  to  James  Croft,  one  of 

former's  executors,  who  published  them 
the  following  year,  1825. 
"he  Wargrave  property,  together  with  the 
S.  letters  from  Cowper  to  Hill,  passed 
>r  Mrs.  Hill's  death  to  Joseph  Jekyll,  the 
I  -known  wit,  whose  cousin,  the  Rev. 
eph  Jekyll  Rye,  was  an  occasional 
-espondent  of  the  poet's.  The  letters 
©  subsequently  given  by  Jekyll's  grandson 
the  late  Canon  Cowper  Johnson,  Rector 

" 


have  not  seen  any  portrait  of  Hill.  We 
•n  from  Lady  Hesketh  that  he  was  a 
.e  man  and  from  his  friend  that,  like 
yers  in  general,  he  escaped  corpulency. 
lived  for  some  years  with  his  mother  and 
ers  at  Cook's  Court,  Carey  Street,  where 
rper  first  addressed  him.  In  1780  he  was 
ag  in  Great  Queen  Street,  Lincoln's  Inn 
Ids,  whence  he  removed  about  1793  to 


Saville  Row.  From  there  he  moved  shortly 
before  his  death  to  New  Burlington  Street 
adjoining. 

For  the  inscription  on  the  memorial 
tablet  I  have  to  thank  Sir  Herbert  Jekyll, 
who  has  also  most  kindly  given  me  much 
valuable  information  concerning  Hill's  pedi- 
gree. WILFRID  HOOPER. 
Redhill. 


STATUES   AND   MEMORIALS   IN    THE 
BRITISH    ISLES. 

(See    10   S.    xi.,   xii.  ;    11    S.    i.-xii ;    12    S. 
i.-iv.  passim  ;   v.   89.   145.) 

FOR  many  years  I  had  the  pleasure  of 
assisting  MR.  PAGE  with  this  series  ;  the 
following  notes  are  supplementary  to  those 
published  by  my  friend  :  — 

ROYAL  PERSONAGES. 

Alfred.— Church  of  St.  Nicholas,  Cole 
Abbey  (11  S.  iv.  184).  There  were  also  in 
the  gardens  of  old  Carlton  House  statues  by 
Rysbrach  of  Alfred  and  the  Black  Prince  ; 
another  statue  of  Alfred,  by  Rossi,  in  the 
Inner  Temple  Hall  is  now  stored  away. 

William  I. — St.  Leonards,  in  enclosure 
opposite  American  Palace  Pier,  oblong  Flab 
with  inscription :  "  Tradition  says  that 
William  the  Conqueror  landed  at  Bulver- 
hythe  and  dined  on  this  stone." 

Henry  III.  and  Edward  III.— Statues  on 
exterior  of  Public  Record  Office,  London. 

Edward  I.  and  Edward  III.— Inner  Temple 
Hall,  by  Rossi,  now  stored  away  ;  statues  by 
Richard  Garbe,  on  exterior  of  National 
Provincial  Bank,  High  Holborn. 

Edward  III.  and  Philippa.— People's 
Palace,  Mile  End  Road.  Marble  statues  by 
Edward  Wyon,  circa  1870,  formerly  in 
Drapers'  Hall. 

Henry  VI. — Eton  College  Ante  Chapel, 
white  marble  statue  by  Bacon,  erected  1786, 
a  fellow  of  the  college,  the  Rev.  E.  Betham, 
having  in  1783  bequeathed  600Z.  for  this 
purpose. 

Henry  VIII. — St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital, 
London,     in     niche     over     west     gateway, 
culptor  unknown,  erected  1702. 

Edward  VI. — In  the  old  Guildhall  Chapel, 
in  canopied  niches  on  the  west  front  were 
stone  statues  of  Edward  VI.,  Charles  I., 
and  Henrietta  Maria  ;  they  are  now  in  the 
Guildhall  Museum.  The  statue  of  Edward, 
formerly  in  niche  in  Newgate  Street,  facing 
the  door  of  the  counting-house  of  Christ's 
Hospital,  is  now  at  the  south  end  of  one  of 
the  school  buildings  at  West  Horsham, 


260 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  OCT.,  1919. 


Over  the  Bridge  Street  entrance  of  Bridewell 
Prison  was  a  head  of  Edward  sculptured  on 
the  keystone  of  the  arch.  According  to 
Dickens' s  '  Dictionary  of  London,'  1880. 
p.  251,  there  was  another  statue  of 
Edward  VI.  in  St.  Bartholomew's  Hospital. 

Elizabeth. — Statue  on  exterior  of  Hotel 
Russell,  London.  There  were  numerous 
memorials  to  Elizabeth  in  London,  in- 
cluding those  in  St.  Mildred's  Church, 
Bread  Street  ;  St.  Mary  Magdalen,  Old  Fish 
Street  ;  St.  Martin  Ongar ;  St.  Michael, 
Wood  Street  ;  St.  Pancras,  Soper  Lane  ; 
St.  Peter,  Paul's  Wharf;  St.  Stephen, 
Coleman  Street ;  St.  Thomas  the  Apostle  ; 
Bridewell  Precinct;  St.  Olave's,  Southwark; 
All  Hallows  the  Less  ;  All  Hallows  the 
Great  ;  St.  Mary  Overy ;  St.  Mildred's 
Church,  Poultry  ;  St.  Lawrence  Jewry  ;  and 
St.  Mary  Staining.  There  are  busts  at 
Nicholson's  Wharf  and  St.  Olave's  Grammar 
School,  Bermondsey  (over  doorway  of 
central  tower),  and  at  the  "  Queen's  Head," 
St.  John's  Lane,  Clerkenwell  (1595).  For 
inscriptions,  &c.,  consult  '  Anglise  Metro- 
polis,' 1690  ;'  N.  &  Q.,'  1  S.  iv.  231  ;  Punch 
Oct.  25,  1916  ;  Archceologia  Cambrensis, 
N.S.  1  (1850),  pp.  194-9;  '  Vetusta  Monu- 
menta,1  iii.  pp.  1-7.  Particulars  are  desired 
of  the  statue  in  Cumnar  Church. 

James  I. — On  the  western  facade  of  Old 
St.  Paul's  Cathedral  were  statues  of  James 
and  Charles  I.,  removed  during  the  Common- 
wealth ;  they  are  shown  in  Hollar's  view. 
In  Clothworkers'  Hall  are  statues  of  James 
and  Charles,  richly  gilt.  Aldersgate  had  a 
figure  of  James  in  high  relief  over  the  centre 
arch,  and  another  figure  of  the  king  in  his 
royal  robes  on  the  south  side ;  another 
statue  was  on  Aldgate.  In  the  Council 
Chamber  of  the  Tower  is  a  bust  erected  in 
1608  by  Sir  William  Wade.  See  also 
1  S.  i.  43. 

Charles  I.— The  statue  at  Charing  Cross 
has  been  the  subject  of  many  poems, 
including  one  by  Waller  and  one  in  the 
Harleian  MSS.  7315  ;  in  the  London  Museum 
is  a  medal  with  a  view  of  the  statue.  In  the 
first  half  of  the  seventeenth  century  statues 
of  Charles  and  Henrietta  Maria  stood  in 
Great  Queen  Street  ;  they  were  removed  in 
1657.  There  are  busts  of  Charles  in  Barber- 
Surgeons'  Hall,  London  Museum  ;  Victoria 
and  Albert  Museum  (by  Le  Soeur,  signed  and 
dated  1631).  In  Windsor  Castle  is  a 
painting  of  Charles  from  three  points  of 
view,  painted  for  Bernini,  the  sculptor  of 
the  bust  destroyed  by  fire  in  1698.  (See 
also  1  S.  ii.  54;  iii.  260.)  In  1678  Wren 
prepared  designs  for  a  mausoleum  to 


Charles,  for  which  Parliament  voted  70,OOOL 
This  memorial  was  never  erected,  but  the* 
designs  still  exist  in  All  Souls'  College^. 
Oxford. 

Charles  II. — Royal  Exchange.     Poem  by~ 
P.     K.     in     '  Flosculum     Poeticum,'     1684. 
Stocks    Market    (Gent.    Mag.,    xlix.,    1779,, 
p.  270  ;  Dickensian,  1916,  pp.  50  and  76  ;  and 
'  Book  of  Days,'  ii.  485).     Guildhall  Museum,., 
stone  statue  from  facade  of  old  College  o£ 
Physicians,    Warwick    Lane.     Christ's    Hos- 
pital, West  Horsham,  in  niche  outside  north 
entrance     to    "  Big     School,"    dated     1672* 
removed     from     the     school     in      London. . 
Chelsea  Hospital,  bronze  statue  in  Roman, 
costume,     by     Grinling     Gibbons,     erected., 
circa  1692,  the  gift  of  Tobias  Rustat.     Old 
Town  Hall,  Southwark,  statue  on  front  off 
building    dated    1686  ;    in    1793    set    up    in. 
Three  Crown  Court,  afterwards  in  a  garden^ 
in  New  Kent  Road.     The  statues  of  Charles  i 
and    James    II.,    by    William    De    KeysarJ 
formerly  in  niches  on  front  of  the  TholselJ 
Dublin  (see  Malton's  view),  are  now  iix  the| 
crypt  of  Christ  Church  Cathedral.     There  isj 
a  marble  bust  of  Charles  II.  by  Honore  Pelle^ 
in  the  Victoria  and  Albert  Museum,  signed] 
and  dated  1684  ;    it  was  intended  to  erect  aJ 
statue  of  Charles  instead  of  the  present  vaser 
of    flames    on    the    Monument.     See    alsol 
1  S.  i.  76;  11  S.  xi.  468. 

James  II. — St.  James's  Park  (see  Proc.  Soc.^ 
Antiq.,  2  S.  xix.  218-20).  National  Galleryrl 
of  Ireland,  bronze  equestrian  statuette,  with>j 
inscription  on  girth  of  horse :  "  Baxter 
taught  Wyck  Drew  Larson  Embost  &  Cast 
it  [a  date  illegible]."  Bronze  statue  formerly 
on  the  Sandhill,  Newcastle  (Arch.  JEliana,^ 
ii.  260-4).  J.  ARDAGH. 

35  Church  Road,  Drumcondra,  Dublin, 

(To  be  continued.)-' 


EAST  HATLEY,  co.  CAMBRIDGE,  BRASSES. — 
In  Transactions  of  the  Monumental  Brass 
Society,  vol.  iii.  p.  28,  the  above  brasses  are- 
fully  described,  as  in  Cole's  MSS.y  although, 
the  knight,  the  iascription  plate,  and  the- 
lower  sinister  shield  are  now  missing.  Cole 
attributes  these  brasses,  from  the  coats 
given,  to  Roger  Docwra  and  his  wife* 
Elizabeth,  daughter  of  Edward  Brockett  off 
Brockett  Hall,  co.  Herts.  I  have  seen  the- 
remains  of  the  brasses,  namely,  the  lady  and 
two  shields  (sacl  to  relate  they  are  used  for  a. 
standing  for  the  church  coalbox),  and  havfr 
obtained  rubbings.  There  is  little  doubt  in- 
my  own  mind  that  Cole's  supposition  i»- 
incorrect.  Roger,  above,  was  great-grand- 
father of  Sir  Thomas  Docwra,  Lord  Prior 


12  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QQERIES. 


261 


f  St.  John  of  Jerusalem  (1501),  until 
is  death  in  1527.  The  dress  of  the  lady 
epieted  in  the  brass  is  undoubtedly  of 
'udor  period  .and  not  late  fourteenth  or 
irly  fifteenth  century,  which  would  be  the 
ate  of  Elizabeth  Brockett's  death. 

James  Bocwra,  elder  brother  of  Sir 
'homas  the  Prior,  married  Catherine,  daughter 
f  John  Haseldon  of  Murdon,  co.  Cambridge, 
'he  arms  -of  Haseldon  are:  Arg.,  a  cross 
ory  sable,  and  those  of  Brockett  being 
>r,  a  cross  flory  sable  ;  hence  the  confusion. 
&ut  the  lady's  dress  is  the  real  clue  to  date. 

Why  James  and  his  wife  were  buried  at 
last  Hatley  is  a  mystery.  The  family  were 
t  that  time  seated  in  and  around  Bradkirke 
Kitchin),  but  John,  the  son  and  heir  of 
ames,  married  Ann,  daughter  of  Thomas 
t.  George  of  Hatley  St.  George,  the  next 
arish  to  East  Hatley. 

J.  DOCWRA.  ROGERS. 

Manor  House,  Ashmansworth,  nr.  Newbury. 

CAPT.  WILXJAM  CONSIDINE,  69TH  REGI- 
[BNT. — A  memorial  tablet  to  this  officer  in 
he  cloisters  of  the  cathedral  here  has 
Bcently  fallen  to  the  ground  and  is  smashed 
eyond  repair.  I  am  writing  in  the  hope 
hat  some  descendant  or  friend  of  the  family 
lay  see  my  note  and  come  forward  and 
eplace  the  tablet.  If  this  be  not  done  then 
he  memory  of  a  good  and  gallant  soldier 
rill  die  out  as  far  as  this  place  is  concerned, 
rhich  is  much  to  be  deprecated. 

I  will  gladly  answer  any  inquiries. 

JOSEPH  C.  BRIDGE. 

Chester. 

PIANO  LEGS  IN  TROUSERS. — A  corre- 
pondent  (8  S.  iv.  463-4,  s.v.  '  "  Electrocute  " 
•r  "  Electroeuss  "  ')  writes  :  "  Americans 
tave  found ....  indecency  in  the  legs  of  a 
>iano." 

Whether  Capt.  Marryat  was  the  first  to 
mblish  this  curious  conceit  I  do  not  know. 
le  told  of  it  eighty  years  ago  in  his  '  Diary  in 
America,  with  Remarks  on  its  Institutions.' 

am  quoting  from  the  Paris  (Galignani's) 
dition,  1839,  first  part,  pp.  203-4.  He  tells 
LOW  he  was  escorting  a  young  lady  at  Niagara 
i^alls.  Standing  on  a  rock,  she  slipped  down, 
md  hurt  herself.  She  had  in  fact  grazed 
ler  shin.  Marryat  said :  "  Did  you  hurt 
rour  leg  much  ?  "  She  turned  from  him 
ividently  shocked  or  offended.  He  begged 
o  know  what  was  the  reason  of  her  dis- 
deasure  :  — 

"  After  some  hesitation,  she  said  that  as  she 
:new  me  well,  she  would  tell  me  that  the  word  leg 
ras  never  mentioned  before  ladies.  I  apologized 
or  my  want  of  refinement,  which  was  attri- 
mtable  to  my  having  been  accustomed  only  to 


English  society,  and  added,  that  as  such  articles 
must  occasionally  be  referred  to,  even  in  the  most 
polite  circles  in  America,  perhaps  she  would  inform 
me  by  what  name  I  might  mention  them  without 
shocking  the  company.  Her  reply  was,  that  the 
word  limb  was  used;  '  nay,'  continued  she,  '1  am 
not  so  particular  as  some  people  are,  for  I  know 
those  who  always  say  limb  of  a  table,  or  limb  of  a 
piano-forte.' " 

Marryat,  in  illustration  of  the  above,  writes 
of  an  incident  of  a  few  months  later :  — 

"I  was  requested  by  a  lady  to  escort  her  to  a 
seminary  for  young  ladies,  and  on  being  ushered 
into  the  reception  room,  conceive  my  astonishment 
at  beholding  a  square  piano-forte  with  four  limbs. 
However,  that  the  ladies  who  visited  their 
daughters,  might  feel  in  its  full  force  the  extreme 
delicacy  of  the  mistress  of  the  establishment,  and 
her  care  to  preserve  in  their  utmost  purity  the 
ideas  of  the  young  ladies  under  her  charge,  she  had 
dressed  all  these  four  limbs  in  modest  ^  little 
trousers,  with  frills  at  the  bottom  of  them." 

Marryat's  visit  to  America  began  May  4> 
1837,  and  covered  nearly  two  years. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

STEPNEY  FOR  THE  OCEAN-BORN. — Readers 
know  that  down  to  early  Victorian  times 
the  belief  was  general  in  the  Port  of  London 
that  the  English  ocean-born,  and  sailors 
having  no  traceable  local  "  settlement " 
under  the  old  Poor  Law  system,  were 
commonly  registered  as  chargeable  to  the 
maritime  parish  of  Stepney ;  and  that 
"  Bumbles "  of  a  season  of  acute  and 
general  distress,  anxious  to  be  rid  of  a 
burden,  quietly  rid  themselves  of  this 
responsibility  without  recourse  to  the  High 
Courts  of  Law  and  Equity.  It  is  now 
announced  that 

"  Among  the  passengers  landed  the  other  day 
from  the  Pacific  liner  Oriana  was  a  little  girl  who 
was  born  on  the  Orduna,  in  South  American 
waters,  just  before  the  War  broke  out,  is  a  British 
subject,  registered  at  Stepney,  although  of  foreign 
parentage." 

Me. 

A  SPURIOUS  CHARTER  OF  THE  CONQUEROR. 
—  In  the  Gloucester  Cartulary  No.  316 
purports  to  be  a  copy  of  a  charter  granted 
by  the  Conqueror  in  1086,  confirming  to 
St.  Peter's  of  Gloucester  the  lands  which 
Archbishop  Thomas  (of  York)  formerly 
held  of  the  abbey,  together  with  the  gifts 
of  various  donors.  ('  Hist,  et  Cart.  S.  Petri 
Glouc.,'  Rolls  Series,  i.  334.)  The  editor 
remarks  that  the  cartulary  heading  '  De 
hyda  in  Aspertone,'  "  is  quite  inapplicable 
to  the  charter  to  which  it  is  prefixed  "  ;  but 
he  does  not  hint  at  any  doubts  of  the  charter 
itself,  which  opens  with  a  suspicious  dating 
clause  :  "  Anno  Incarnationis  Domini  mille- 
simo  octogesimo  sexto,  ego  VTillelmus,"  &c. 


262 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919. 


On  the  other  hand,  Mr.  H.  W.  C.  Davis, 
who  summarises  the  charter  in  his  in- 
valuable calendar  ('  Regesta  Regum  Anglo- 
DsTormannorum,'  No.  219),  observes  :  — 

"  The  form  is  suspicious,  and  resembles  that 
of  a  preceding  charter  (No.  167).  These  lands 
of  Abp.  Thomas  are  entered  under  his  name  in 
'  D.B.,'  i.  1646.  This  charter  should  be  com- 
pared with  a  spurious  confirmation,  attributed 
to  Stephen  and  dated  1138  ('  Cart.,'  i.  122  \rectins 
222])." 

But  Mr.  Davis  does  not  definitely  reject 
the  charter,  nor  mark  it  with  the  asterisk 
with  which  he  distinguishes  spurious 
charters. 

There  can  be  no  doubt  that  the  alleged 
charter  is  a  concoction — a  forgery  if  there 
were  a  pseudo-original.  Amongst  the  gifts 
confirmed  are  those  of  Littleton  by  Hugh 
de  Port,  Plymtree  by  Odo  Fitz  "  Hamelin  " 
(rectius  Gamelin),  the  mill  at  Fromelode  by 
Winebaud  de  Ballon,  and  Clifford  by  Roger 
de  Busli  :  gifts  which,  according  to  the 
monks'  own  list  of  donations,  were  made  in 
1090,  1095,  1126,  and  1099  respectively. 
('  Hist,  et  Cart.  S.P.  de  Glouc.,'  i.  93,  74, 
77,  68.) 

As  to  Winebaud  de  Ballon,  Dr.  J.  H. 
Round  thinks  that  he  and  his  brother 
Hamelin  did  not  even  come  to  England 
until  the  reign  of  William  II.,  who  gave 
Hamelin  his  lands  ('  Studies  in  Peerage  and 
Family  History,'  p.  190)  ;  as  Hamelin  him- 
self states  in  a  charter  ('  Cal.  Docts.  France  ' 
No.  1045). 

Again,  the  charter  confirms  Westwood  as 
given  by  Walter  de  Gloucester  for  the  soul 
iof  his  father  ;  but  '  Domesday  '  records  that 
bt  was  given  by  Durand  for  the  soul  of  his 
Prother  Roger  (Walter's  father)  :  "  S'c's 

Detrus    de    Glowec'     ten'    Westuode 

Durand'     ded'    seed's?,    p'    a-nirna     fr'is    sui 
Rogerii  "  (i.  181).  G.  H.  WHITE. 

23  Weighton  Road,  Anerley. 

*'  UP  "   AND  "  DOWN  "  :     THEIR  BARBAROUS 

MISUSE.  —  Looking  over  some  back  numbers 
of  '  N.  &  Q  '  I  find  at  10  S,  v.  245,  the  heading 
"  Up  "  :  its  Barbarous  Misuse.'  Before 
the  'N.E.D'  reaches  the  letter  "U"  may 
one  be  permitted  a  protest  against  the 
constant  arid  meaningless  addition  of  this 
word  in  everyday  life  ? 

A  new.  route  will  "  link  up  "  all  the  cross 
roads,  &c.  ;  the  train  "  slowed  up  "  ;  one  is 
invited  to  have  "  a  brush  up,"  &c. 

May  I  also  request  permission  to  remark 
on  the  equally  absurd  use  of  the  word 
"  down "  as  found  on  three  consecutive 
days,  Oct.  13,  14,  15,  1917,  in  The  Daily 
News  (2)  and  The  Observer.  The  business 


was  "  closed  down  "  ;  I  shall  have  to  "  close* 
down  "  my  business  ;  I  am  sorry  to  say 
that,  though  the  rain  ceased  during  the* 
morning  and  the  sun  shone  awhile,  t her 
weather  has  again  "  closed  down."  Mr. 
• stated  that  he  had  the  most  valuable- 
stallions  in  England,  and  if  this  man  were- 
taken  he  must  "  close  down  "  his  stud. 
A  Sunday  paper  warns  us  that  unless  the- 
heavy  entertainment  tax  is  remitted  4,000- 
out  of  the  7,000  theatres  in  this  country 
may  have  to  "  close  down." 

I  think  the  genesis  of  the  expression  is 
this.     When  there  were  strikes  at  the  coal* 
mines,  and  the  masters  refused  to  concede- 
the  men's  demands,  it  was  said  the  shafts 
were  "  shut  down,"  i.e.,  the  covering  of  the- 
shaft  was  put  on,  thus  preventing  ingress,  j 
Then,  not  to  use  the  same  word  too  often,. , 
"  closed  "  was  used  instead  of  shut. 

A.  D.  JONES. 
Oxford. 

MARRIAGES. — It  has  occurred  to  me  that  if  J 
your  readers   interested   in  genealogy  com-  j 
piled  a  list  of  marriages  from  unpublished  ! 
notes    in    their    possession,  the    information.! 
might  be  very  useful  to  those  who  are  com-1 
piling  pedigrees.     The  following  names  are- 
taken  from  notes  in  my  possession.     If  any 
of  your  readers  can  supply  the  names  of  t  he- 
parents  or  children  thereof  I  should  be  glad. 

Elizabeth    Adamson    ("a  pupil   of   John  Knox,   > 
1555")=^  James  Barren  of  Kinnaird. 

John  Anderson  =  Helen  Simpson,  July  23,  1824. 

James  Simpson^  Nell  Forrester,  about  1774. 

James  Simpson  =  Isabella  Dickson,  Nov. 26,  1790- 

Thomas    Baillie  (of    Lamington  !)  = Gordon, 

1720-1760. 

Samuel  Dickson  =  Agnes,  dau.  of  Thomas  Baillie,, 
April  19,  1773. 

Robert  Anderson  (of  Longhough  ton  ?)=  Alice- 
Bowden,  July  26.  1782. 

George  Anderson  (born  July  19,  1829)=  Jane- 
Bulman,  1852. 

Anne  Simpson  =  John  Douglas  of  Cupar,  Fife,, 
about  1815.. 

Samuel  (?)  Dickson  (fur  merchant  of  Edinburgh* 
and  St.  Petersburg,  died  1798,  aged  94)- ? 

JAS.  SETON-ANDERSON. 
4  Temple  Street,  Brighton. 

(To  be  continued.) 

SWIFT  AND  WALPOLE. — Mr.  C.  E.  Pearce* 
in  his  '  Polly  Peachum  and  the  Beggar's 
Opera,'  1913,  discussing  the  intellectual 
influences  on  Gay  when  in  the  throes  of 
waiting  his  play,  remarks  at  p.  2  :  — 

"Swift  had  come  to  England  in  the  spring  of 

1726 chiefly  with  the  object  of  representing  to 

Sir    Robert    Walpole the    distressed    state   of 

Ireland,  and  also,  with   a  view  of  obtaining  his 
own  preferment.    He   failed  in  the  first,  Walpole 


12  8.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


263 


nistrusting   the   motives  of   the   intercessor,  and 
,s  for  the  second,  it  is  very  doubtful  whether  the 
)ean's  proud,  imperious  spirit  permitted  him  to 
sk  favours." 
If  Mr.  Pearce  refers  to  Swift's  reluctance 

0  asking   favours   generally,   then    his   in- 
erence  is  scarcely  justified  by  facts,  for  it  is 
lear    from   the    Calendar    of    MSS.    of   the 
Marquis  of  Bath  (Hist.   MSS.   Com.,    1904, 
^ol.  i.  p.  228)  that  Swift  personally  sought 
idvancement    at    the    hands    of    Walpole's 
)redecessor.     To    the    Earl    of    Oxford    he 
vrote  on  Jan.  5,  1713  :  — 

"1  most  humbly  take  leave  to  inform  your 
^ordship  that  the  Dean  of  Wells  died  this  morning 
it  one  o'clock.  I  entirely  submit  my  poor  fortunes 
)0  your  Lordship." 

J.  PAUL  DE  CASTRO. 

1  Essex  Court,  Temple. 

IRA  F.  ALDRIDGE,  THE  AFRICAN  Roscius. 
—In  addition  to  what  has  already  appeared 
it  4  S.  x.  35,  132,  373,  and  in  Boase's' 

1  Modern    English    Biography,'    I    can    now 
present    some    fresh    facts    concerning    this 
remarkable  man  and  his  family.     Born  in 
1804  in  Maryland  of  pure  African  parentage, 
after    finishing    his    education    at    Glasgow 
University,  he  eventually  adopted  the  stage 
as  a  profession.     It  was  not,  however,  until 
he     had     appeared     in     '  Othello,'      '  Titus 
Aixdronicus,'  and  certain  other  plays,  comic 
as  well  as  tragic,  that  his  dramatic  talent 
was  established,  and  that  even  in  the  eyes 
of  such  good  judges  as  J.  W.  Wallack,  Miss 
O'Neill,  and  Sheridan  Knowles. 

His  first  wife  must  have  been  a  white 
woman  to  judge  from  the  complexion  of  his 
eldest  son,  whom  I  knew  well  in  the  sixties, 
though  he  was  my  senior  at  school  by  some 
years.  The  wife  of  the  present  Mayor  of 
Canterbury,  Dr.  R.  A.  Bremner,  who  subse- 
quently knew  the  family  personally,  has 
kindly  informed  me  that  the  actor's  second 
wife  was  a  Swedish  beauty  of  noble  birth 
who  went  by  the  name  of  Baroness  Aldridge. 
This  second  marriage  took  place,  I  believe, 
about  1860,  during  the  course  of  his  pro- 
fessional tour  through  Belgium,  Germany, 
Sweden,  Russia,  and  Austria.  After  his 
death  in  1867  Madame  Aldridge  lived  in 
retirement  at  Aneiiey  with  her  three  children ; 
but  having  the  misfortune  to  lose  most  of  her 
money  she  died  in  very  straitened  circum- 
stances. Her  only  son  is  also  dead,  but 
the  two  daughters,  whose  dark  faces  con- 
trasted strangely  with  their  mother's  fair 
complexion,  being  accomplished  singers  and 
musicians,  took  to  the  stage.  I  do  not  know 
what  became  of  the  elder  son,  though  I  can 
recall  his  acting  very  effectively  in  an 


amateur  representation  of  '  Box  and  Cox/ 
The  father  is  credited  with  having  played 
Aaron  in  '  Titus  Andronicus  '  for  six  nights 
at  the  Britannia  Theatre  in  March,  1852y 
that  being  the  last  occasion  of  the  play's 
production  in  England.  N.  W.  HILL. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 

WILLIAM  PEER:  THE  ALLEGED  ACTOR.— 
The  first  and  last  mention  of  this  actor 
occurs  in  No.  82  of  The  Guardian,  published 
on  June  15,  1713.  In  this  essay  Steele 
speaks  of  his 

"  concern  for  the  death  of  Mr.  William  Peer  of  the 
Theatre-royal,  who  was  an  actor  at  the  Restoration 
and  took  'his  theatrical  degree  with  Better-ton, 
Kynaston  and  Harris,"  [and]  "distinguished  him- 
self particularly  in  two  characters,  which  no  man 
could  ever  touch  but  himself." 
These  were  the  speaker  of  the  three -line 
prologue  to  the  play  in  '  Hamlet,'  III.  ii.,  and 
the  apothecary  in  '  Caius  Marius,'  which  was 
'  Romeo  and  Juliet '  adapted  by  Otway  to 
the  Restoration  stage.  Steele  proceeds  to 
describe  and  analyse  Peer's  excellence  m 
these  two  very  small  parts,  which,  he  says 
won  "  universal  applause,"  and  "  more 
reputation  than  those  who  speak  the  length 
of  a  Puritan's  sermon  every  night  will  ever 
attain  to."  He  also  held  the  post  of 
property-man,  and  at  last  became  so 
prosperous  that  "  in  the  seventieth  year  of 
his  age  he  grew  fat,"  and  so  was  unfitted  for 
the  only  two  parts  he  could  play  ;  and  this 
calamity  hastened  his  death. 

On  the  strength  of  Steele' s  enconium  Peer 
has  been  admitted  to  that  Pantheon  the 
'  D.N.B.,'  yet  it  seems  doubtful  whether  he 
ever  existed.  His  career  must  have  been  a 
long  one  if  he  began  to  act  at  the  Restoration 
and  lived  till  1713  ;  and  if  he  won  such 
"  reputation  "  and  "  great  fame  "  as  Steele 
attributes  to  him  by  these  two  parts  it  is 
strange  that  a  man  so  well  versed  in  the 
history  of  the  stage  as  the  late  Joseph 
Knight,  who  wrote  the  notice  of  him  in  the 
'  D.N.B.,'  could  not  find  so  much  as  a  single 
mention  of  his  name  in  all  the  voluminous 
theatrical  literature  of  this  long  period,  apart 
from  this  one  essay  written  after  his  death. 

Moreover,  the  essay  itself  is  written  in  a 
humorous  strain,  scarcely  suited  to  the 
obituary  even  of  a  minor  or  minimus  actor. 


264 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES- 


[12  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919. 


These  facts,  together  with  the  recollection  o 
the  elaborate  hoax  which  Swift  had  playe 
upon  Partridge  the  astrologer  a  few  year 
before,  make  one  a  little  suspicious.     An< 
although,  if  Peer  was  not  a  real  person,  th 
circumstances  of  the  two  jests  would  not  be 
exactly  parallel,  it  seems  possible,  to  say  the 
least,  that  the  whole  essay  is  a  joke  of  some 
kind,  the  key  to  which  is  now  lost. 

Can  any  reader  throw  further  light  on  thi 
subject,  or  adduce  any  evidence,  independen 
of  Steele's  essay,  that  Peer  really  existed  ? 

It  may  be  worth  while  to  add  that  Steele's 
statement  that  no  one  but  Peer  "  could  ever 
touch "  the  two  parts  mentioned  is  noi 
literally  true,  for  Gibber  records  in  hi 
'Apology  '  (chap,  ix.)  that  Richard  Estcourt 
spoke  the  prologue  in  the  play  scene  wher 
'Hamlet'  was  acted  at  Drury  Lane  in  1707 

GORDON  CBOSSE. 
Oxford  and  Cambridge  Club,  Pall  Mall,  S.W.I. 

CHARLES  MORRIS  OF  PORTMAN  SQUARE. — 
About  the  middle  of  last  century  Charle 
Morris  of  Portman  Square  was  a  frequent 
visitor  and  great  benefactor  to  Malvern. 
He  built  schools,  still  known  as  the  "  Morris 
Schools,"  and  large  tanks  capable  of  holding 
many  gallons  of  water  for  a  much-needed 
water  supply,  and  performed  many  other 
good  deeds.  Unfortunately,  no  record  of 
him  remains  beyond  these  bare  facts.  Can 
any  of  your  readers  supply  the  dates  of  his 
birth  and  death,  and  details  of  his  life,  or 
present  or  lend  a  portrait  of  him  to  this 
library  ?  My  committee  are  most  anxious 
to  make  our  local  collection  as  complete  as 
possible  and  will  be  grateful  for  any  help 
that  can  be  given. 

F.  C.  MORGAN,  Librarian. 
Public  Library,  Graham  Road,  Malvern.          .i»» 

CONGEWOI. — Rolf  Boldrewood  in  his  hovel 
'  Modern  Buccaneer,'  speaking  of  a  marine 
vista  outside  of  Sydney,  remarks :  "  The 
sea  is  here  much  as  I  remember  when  a  boy  I 
used  to  get  '  congewoi  '  for  bait  off  those 
very  rocks."  What  are  we  to  understand 
by  the  term  ?  ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

AMERICAN  CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  BISHOPS. 
— Can  any  reader  furnish  us  with  the  name 
of  a  work  giving  the  succession  of  the 
bishops  of  the  Church  of  England  in  the 
United  States  of  America,  and  their  mis- 
sionary bishops,  or  furnish  me  with  a  copy  ? 
What  is  chiefly  wanted  is  full  name,  degree, 
date,  and  place  of  consecration,  and  date 
and  place  of  death.  [  J.  W.  F. 


GILBERT  WHITE:  PORTRAIT  OF. — At  1  S. 
viii.  304  (1853)  Mr.  A.  Holt-White  wrote  as 
follows :  — 

"  Oriel  College,  of  which  Gilbert  White  was  for 
more  than  fifty  years  a  Fellow,  some  years  since 
offered  to  have  a  portrait  painted  of  him  for  their 
hall.  An  inquiry  was  then  made  of  all  the  mem- 
bers of  his  family,  but  no  portrait  of  any  descrip- 
tion could  be  found.  I  have  heard  my  father  say 
that  Gilbert  White  was  much  pressed  by  his 
brother  Thomas  (my  grandfather),  to  have  his  por- 
trait painted,  and  that  he  talked  of  it,  but  it  was 
never  done." 

This  passage  is  quoted  in  Jardine's  edition 
of  1853  of  'White's  Natural  History  and 
Antiquities  of  Selborne.' 

In  1913  an  alleged  portrait  of  the  natural- 
ist, which  had  been  purchased  in  the  Cattle- 
Market,  was  exhibited  at  a  meeting  of  the 
Selborne  Society,  and  it  was  understood  that 
the  owner  was  endeavouring  to  trace  the 
early  history  of  the  portrait. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  give  information 
as  to  what  was  done  in  the  matter,  whether 
the  portrait  was  duly  authenticated,  or  it 
was  proved  to  have  been  a  forgery  ? 

EDWARD  A.  MARTIN. 
The  Gilbert  White  Fellowship, 
285,  Holmesdale  Road,  South  Norwood,  S.E. 

COORG  STATE  :  STRANGE  TALE  OF  A 
PRINCESS. — Dr.  Vincent  Smith,  in  his 
recently  published  '  Oxford  History  of 
India,'  p.  660  note,  writes  :  — 

"The  princess  having  been  brought  up  as  a 
Christian  by  her  father's  desire,  was  baptized  by 
he  name  of  Victoria  in  1852,  the  Queen  being  her 
godmother.  The  royal  favour  encouraged  the 
laja  to  claim  seven  lakhs  of  rupees  from  the  East 
Tndia  Company,  but  he  lost  his  suit  after  litigation 
asting  several  years.  His  daughter  married 
Colonel  C.,  and  had  a  child  by  him  The  union 
vas  unhappy,  and  she  died  in  1864.  Some  time 
ater  visitors  in  a  cab  called  at  the  Oriental  Club, 
lanover  Square,  for  Colonel  C.,  who  drove  off  with 
hem,  saying  he  would  return  shortly.  He  was 
lever  seen  again.  The  child  also  disappeared. 
Soth  must  have  been  secretly  murdered  and  buried 
omewhere  in  London.  The  story  of  the  dis- 
.ppearance  of  Colonel  C.  was  related  by  his  son  to 
he  author.  The  Raja  died  before  his  daughter, 
,nd  was  buried  in  Kensal  Green  cemetery." 

}an  any  one  give  any  further  detail  of  this 
trange  story,  or  refer  to  any  contemporary 
iterature  on  the  subject  ?  EMERITUS. 

MORE  OR  MOORE. — The  family  of  More  or 
foore  of  Milton  Place,  Egham,  Surrey,  were 
ettled  in  Antwerp  during  the  reign  of  Eliza- 
eth.  It  has  been  said  that  they  were  con- 
ected  with  the  Mores  of  Loseley,  Surrey, 
ut  I  have  never  found  the  slightest  evidence 
a  support  of  this  statement.  Is  anything 
nown  of  the  origin  of  the  Egham  family  ? 
FREDERIC  TURNER. 


12  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


265 


REFERENCES  TO  WORKS  WANTED. — It  is 
fcated  at  p.  18  of  Reseller's  '  Geschichte  der 
^ational-Oekonomik  in  Deutschland '  that 
he  treatise  of  Henricus  de  Hassia  (known  as 
ienry  Langenstein),  entitled  '  Tractasu  de 
ontractibus  et  de  Origine  Censuam,'  and 
lie  treatise  of  Henricus  de  Hoyta  entitled 
Tractatus  de  Contractibus  sc.  Redditibus 
re  to  be  found  in  the  fourth  volume  oi 
Person's  '  Tractatus  Diversi.'  I  cannot  find 
ny  reference  to  this  work  of  Gerson's  in  any 
brary  catalogue  that  I  have  consulted, 
an  any  of  your  readers  inform  me  where  I 
can  find  copies  of  these  two  treatises  ? 

GEORGE  O'BRIEN. 
40  Northumberland  Road,  Dublin. 

NUNCUPATIVE  WILLS. — In  the  time  of 
Milton  was  it  necessary  to  the  validity  of  a 
nuncupative  will — that  is,  a  will  made  by 
word  of  mouth — that  it  should  be  made 
when  the  testator  was  in  extremis  ?  or  could 
it  be  validly  made  when  the  testator  was  in 
good  health  ?  No  weight  can  be  given  to 
what  Wartoi)  (as  quoted  in  Todd's  Milton, 
3rd  edn.,  1826,  vol.  i.,  pp.  264,  289)  says  on 
th  s  subject ;  it  is  evident  that  Warton's 
knowledge  was  very  imperfect. 

AEGERIA. 

REDE-BIRDS. — Some  years  ago  a  query 
appeared  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  as  to  what  were 
rede-birds,  and  no  satisfactory  answer  was 
given.  Can  any  reader  say  now  what  are 
rede-birds  ?  W.  D.  R. 

J.  SYMMONS  OF  PADDINGTON  HOUSE. — Is 
anything  known  of  this  excellent  collector  of 
topographical  prints  and  drawings,  who 
apparently  flourished  at  the  end  of  the 
eighteenth  century  ?  Messrs.  Leigh  & 
Sotheby  had  prepared  for  sale  on  Friday, 
Dec.  11,  1795,  and  three  following  days 
;  Sunday  excepted)  an  exceptionally  in- 
teresting collection  of  topographical  prints 
md  drawings  in  England  and  Wales.  A 
VIS.  endorsement  on  the  catalogue  before  me 
s  to  the  effect  that  this,  the  most  extensive 
collection  ever  offered  to  public  sale,  was 
sold  by  private  contract,  the  day  before  the 
luction  was  to  have  commenced,  to  Mr. 
Simmons  of  Paddington.  Presumably  the 
jurchaser  wished  to  secure  certain  prints  for 
lis  own  collections,  but  a  few  years  later — 
ictually  on  Monday,  April  23,  1804,  and  five 
'pllowing  days — Mr.  King  sold  by  auction  a 
similar,  almost  identical,  collection  of  up- 
vards  of  10,000  topographical  prints  and 
Irawings,  and  in  the  catalogue  before  me,  in 
iddition  to  the  names  of  purchasers  and 


prices  realised,  a  MS.  note  is  added  identify- 
ing the  same  owner,  and  referring  to  the 
preceding  sale. 

I  would  like  to  write  at  length  of  the 
interest  of  this  collection.  As  usual  the 
various  lots,  although  large,  are  all  too 
briefly  detailed,  but  it  is  possible  to  notice  : — 

Lot  80.  "Aggas  (Ralphe)  original  map  of 
London  in  the  time  of  Elizabeth,  sup- 
posed to  be  the  only  one  remaining." 

Bought  by  Dodd         £12  12    0 

This  is  the  Guildhall  Copy. 

Lot  81.  "  Vertue's  copy  of  the  above,  and 
another  copy  done  1738."  Bought  by 
Dodd  ...  ...  £109 

Lot  58.  The  original  Drawing  from  which 
the  great  West  Window  of  the  abbey 
was  made.  N.B.  This  drawing  was 
Bishop  Atterbury's,  at  whose  expence 
the  window  was  made.  Bought  by  I. 
Smith  £1  15  0 

Lot  20.  Fourteen  Prints  and  Drawings 
from  Kentish  Town  to  Newington 
Butts,  including  a  Ground  Plot  of 
Kilburn  Abbey.  Bought  by  Dodds  £110 

This  collector  also  formed  a  library,  which 
apparently  was  sold  in  1828.  In  '  The 
Crypt,'  vol.  ii.  p.  143,  in  his  'Letters  from 
London,'  Periphes  (?  Rev.  Peter  Hall) 
writes  :  — 

"  Symmonds,  of  Paddington  Green  is  gone  to  the 
auctioneer's  ;  his  books  come  on  to-morrow  and 
12  following  days ;  40,000  volumes,  of  very  mixed 
character.  The  Cataloguing  by  Phillips  of  Bond 
Street  is  particularly  curious  :  '  Elzevirianis  ; 
Classics  ;  Plantin's ;  Gronovius,  &c.'  eight  and  ten 
in  a  lot." 

A  still  further  clue  to  the  identity  of  this 
collector  is  afforded  by  the  title  of  a  small 
8vo  volume  published  1797  :  "  Hortus 
Paddingtonensis,  or  a  catalogue  of  Plants 
cultivated  in  the  Garden  of  J.  Symmons  Esq. 
Paddington  House,  by  W.  Salisbury." 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

COURT  OF  ST.  JAMES. — When  was  England, 
in  diplomacy,  first  known  as  the  Court  of 
St.  James  ?  I  believe  it  was  after  the 
burning  of  Whitehall,  at  the  end  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  What  is  the  first 
recorded  document  in  which  the  term 
appears  ?  J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

Glendora,  Hindhead,  Surrey. 

CONCANNON  FAMILY. — Can  any  one  give 
any  details  of,  or  state  the  relationship  (if 
any)  between  the  following  :  — 

1.  George     Concannon,     app.     Aug.     30, 
1736,  one  of  the  three  lieutenants  of  Capt. 
Samuel    Cunningham's    Independent    Com- 
pany of  Foot  at  Jamaica. 

2.  Matthew  Concanen,  author  of  several 
poems,  Attorney -General  of  Jamaica,  who 
m.  Shirley,  only  sister  of  Robert  Nedham, 


266 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  7.  OCT.,  1919. 


M.P.  (son,  of  the  Robert  Nedham  mentioned 
12  S.  v.  176),  but  died  s.p.  Jan.  22,  1749. 

3.  Lucius  Concannon,  an  Irishman,  m. 
May  10,  1790,  Miss  Richmond,  had  his 
portrait  painted  by  Hoppner,  R.A.,  and  was 
M.P.  Winchelsea,  1820,  till  his  death  in 
January,  1823.  W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

"  AS  DEAD  AS  A  DOOR-NAIL." — What  is  th( 

origin  of  this  expression  ?  Dickens  con 
sidered  "  a  coffin-nail  as  the  deadest  piece  o 
ironmongery  in  the  trade." 

J.  ARDAGH. 

FLEET    PRISON    RECORDS. — An    ancestor 
of  mine,   Thomas  Free,  was  committed  to 
the  Fleet  for  non-payment  of  tithe  in  1715 
Are  the  records  of  the  prison  available  ? 
RICHARD  FREE. 

St.  Clement's  Vicarage,  Fulham,  S.W. 

"  GRAM  "  IN  PLACE-NAMES. — What  is  the 
meaning  of  the  syllable  common  to  the 
following  place-names  :  Kilgram  (near  Jer- 
vaulx  Abbey),  Angram  (Nidderdale),  Legram 
(Bradforddale),  Leagram  (Mid-Lanes.)  ?  Is 
there  not  a  place  Pegram  also  ?  Where  is 
it  ?  J.  H.  R. 

RICHARD  WARNFORD,  WINCHESTER 
SCHOLAR. — He  entered  Winchester  College 
in  1560,  aged  14,  from  Sevenhampton,  and 
became  Fellow  of  New  College,  Oxford,  in 
1565.  He  is  probably  to  be  identified  with 
the  recusant  gentleman  of  the  same  name 
who  was  in  prison  at  Winchester  in  1583,  and 
who  occurs  in  the  first  Recusant  Roll  (of 
1592-3)  as  owning  properties  in  Berkshire, 
Wiltshire,  and  Hampshire.  Further  par- 
ticulars about  him  would  be  welcome. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

MAURICE. — I  should  be  glad  to  obtain 
any  information  about  the  following  Mau- 
rices, who  were  educated  at  Westminster 
School  : 

(1)  E.  D.  Maurice  at  the  school  in  1795. 

(2)  F.  Maurice  at  the  school  in  1718. 

(3)  Maysmor  Maurice,  admitted  to  Peter- 
house,  Camb.,  Nov.  27,  1735,   aged  17,  and 
elected  a  Hale  scholar  in  the  following  year. 

(4)  P.  Maurice  at  the  school  in  1795. 

(5)  William   Maurice,    admitted  in    1733, 
aged  7.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

DERIVATION  OF  NAMES. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  suggest  the  derivation  of  the  following 
names,  which  are  chiefly  of  Shropshire 
origin  :  Amphlett,  Crowther,  Devey,  Eykyn, 
Gittins,  Hoord,  and  Nock  ? 

W.  R.  F.  SMITH. 
Norton,  near  Shifnal. 


Two    POPES. — Having    recently,     in    th« 
course  of  my  reading,  fallen  upon  the  two 
annexed   statements    connected    with    two] 
occupants  of  the  Roman  See,  I  submit  that 
a    confirmation    or    contradiction    of    them 
would  interest  others  than  myself.     Either 
way  they  merit  preservation    in  *  N.    &   Q.' 
as  curiosities  of  history  (true  or  false)  and 
literature. 

I.  In  the   third   chapter    of   Book  I.   of] 
'Notre     Dame     de     Paris,'    Victor     Hugo 
writes :  — 

"  Le  proverbe  bachique  de  Benoit  xii.,  ce  pape 
qui  avait  ajoute  une  troisieme  couronue  a  la 
tiare  : — 'Bibamus  papaliter.'  " 

II.  Landor,  in  his  '  Imaginery  Conversa- 
tions'  (vol.    iii.  p.    406),  makes  Barrow  ob- 
serve to  Newton . — 

'*  I  have  already  seen  some  hundred  Sectaries  of 
that  pugnacious  pope,  who,  being  reminded  that 
Christ  commanded  Peter  to  put  up  his  sword, 
replied,  'Yes,  when  he  had  cut  the  ear  off.  " 

Is  there  any  historical  basis  for  these 
assertions,  and,  if  so,  was  Barrow's  pope 
Julius  II.?  J.  B  Me. GOVERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 

BLACKWELL  HALL  FACTOR. — In  looking 
through  some  old  deeds,  I  came  across  the 
following  description  of  some  of  the  parties, 
viz.,  John  Smith  of  London,  Blackwell  Hall 
Factor.  Can  you  enlighten  me  as  to  what 
a  Blackwell  Hall  Factor  was  ?  The  date  of 
the  deeds  is  about  1820. 

J.  M.  ELDRIDGE. 
7  St.  Aldate's,  Oxford. 

GENDER  OF  "DisH  "  IN  LATIN.  — Can  any 
one  tell  me  what  is  the  gender  of  the  word 
"Mazonomum"  (or  -on,  or  -us)?  The 
question  arose  from  an  attempt  to  turn 
Hi !  diddle-diddle  "  into  a  Latin  hexameter 
by  a,  friend  who  wanted  to  introduce  it. 
When  referred  to  I  could  only  cover  my 
ignorance  by  the  following  cloud  of 
words  : — 

14  Mo,^oz><5yuos  is  a  masculine,  dish 

Because  I  say  so,"  said  Liddell. 

"  You  may  call  it  any  gender  you  wish," 

Said  lexicographer  Riddle. 

"  But  it's  fiddle-dee-dee,  old  Liddell,  D.D., 

For  both  you  and  your  coadjutor* 

Will  agree  with  me,  when  you're  able  to  see 

That  Mazonomum  is  neuter." 

As  a  matter  of  fact  Liddell  gives  it  as 
Ma£ovo'//.o5,  Riddle  gives  it  as  Mazonomum, 
and  another  dictionary  which  I  consulted 
*ives  it  as  either  Mazonomus  (masculine),  or 
Vlazonomon  (neuter). 

J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 
3  Oakley  Street,  S.W. 


Scott. 


12  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


267 


TOMBSTONE  INSCRIPTION. — The  following 
inscription  in  capital  letters  is  on  a  tomb  in 
"alvern  Priory: — 

hilosophus  Dignus  Bonus  Astrologus  Lptheringus 
ir  Pius  ac  Humilis  Monachus  Prior  Huius  Uvilis  : 
ic  Jacet  in  cista  Geometricus  ac  Abacista  : 
oetor  Walcherus  :  flet  plebs,  dolet  undique  Clerus 
vie  Lux  Prima  mori  dedit  Octobris,  Seniori     : 
ivat  ut  in  coelis  exoret  quisque  Fidelis  MOXXV+ 

rhat  does  the  fifth  line  mean  ? 

H.   C— N. 

AUTHOR  or  BOOK  WANTED.  —  There  is 
DW  lying  before  me  a  small  anonymous 
olume,  printed  at  London  in  1757  (302pp.). 
he  following  is  an  abstract  of  the  title :  — 
"  The  Art  of  Conversation  ;  or  the  polite  enter- 
,iner  :  calculated  for  the  improvement  of  both 
xes By  a  nobleman  of  distinguished  abilities." 

Can  any  of  your  correspondents  throw 
ght  on  the  authorship  ?  The  work  does 
Dt  appear  in  Halkett-Laing's  Dictionary. 

J.  K.  (2) 

GIANTS'  NAMES. — We  have  many  and 
ariously  located  giants'  legends  in  England 
id  giants'  graves,  dykes,  tables,  caves,  &c., 
Dound  in  the  land. 

There  are,  however,  comparatively  few 
^rsonal  names  of  these  supermen  placed 

I  record.     I  here  set  down  some  twenty 
r  them :    Ordulph  of  Tavistock,   Gog  and 
"agog  or  Gogmagog,  Ossian  of  Ross-shire, 
arquin    of    South    Lancashire,    Carados    of 
rirewsbury,       Thunderbore,       Blunderbore, 
lunderbuss,    Holiburn    of    West    Cornwall, 
srmagol,    Denbras,    Dan    Dynas    and    his 
ife  Venna,  Cormoran  or  Cormovan,  other- 
ise  Careg  Cowse,  and  his  wife  Cormelian  of 
i.    Michael's   Mount,    Wrath   of   Portreath, 
om  of  Lelant,  Bellerus  of  the  Land's  End, 
recrobben,    Trebiggan    of   West    Cornwall, 
id  Bolster  of  St.  Agnes. 

Several  of  these  are  obviously  place - 
imes,  as,  for  example,  Trecrobben  and 
rebiggan.  The  former  is  the  name  of  a 

II  on  the  west  of  the  isthmus  of  Penwith, 
hich  is  dialectically  Crobb'n  Hill,  and  in 
L6  ordnance  maps  Trencrom.     Trebiggan  is 
farmstead  not  many  miles  from  the  Land's 
ad.     Its    middle    syllable    would    help    to 
sociate  it  with  a  big  man.     Bolster  is  the 
Line  of  a  steading  on  the  hill  of  St.  Agnes, 
id  the  giant  give  his  name  to  the  place  or 
>es   the   place   owe  its  name  to   its  most 
mous    inhabitant.     Bellerus    is    suspicious 
id   suggests   that   some   scholar   who   was 
nd     of     retailing     folk-lore     knew     that 
3llerion  is  reputedly  the  classical  name  for 
e   Land's   End.     Careg   Cowse   is    an   old 
>rnic-Celtic  name  for  St.  Michael's  Mount. 


Others  of  these  names  are  of  a  familiar  type, 
as  Tom,  Ordulph,  and  Carados,  which  in 
connexion  with  Shrewsbury  suggests  Caradoc. 

Thunderbore,  Blunderbore,  Blunderbuss, 
and  Wrath,  gives  one  the  sense  of  having 
been  made  up  or  adapted  for  the  occasion. 
The  remaining  names  on  the  list  are  not  easy 
to  explain.  Gog  and  Magog  sometimes 
appear  as  one  giant  Gogmagog.  Has  any 
one  attempted  to  explain  the  derivation  of 
these  syllables  ?  Can  the  syllable  "  Ma"  by 
any  chance  be  indicative  of  femininity,  ard 
was  Magog  the  wife  of  Gog  ?  Of  Connelian 
and  Venna  giantesses  I  can  only  observe 
that  Vennes(h)ire  was  the  name  given  in  one 
of  the  oldest  Cornish  charters  to  the  present 
Hundred  of  Kerrier. 

Termagol,  Cormoran  or  Cormovan  (it  looks 
as  if  carelessness  in  writing  r  and  v  has  misled 
a  printer  of  Hunt's  or  Botterell's  books  on 
West  Cornish  Folk-lore),  Holiburn,  Denbras, 
Dan  Dynas,  and  Tarquin  are  names  which  I 
would  ask  some  of  your  readers  to  shed  light 
on.  Most  of  them  are  Celtic,  I  believe,  and 
if  so,  what  meaning  do  they  possess  in  that 
language  ?  Do  their  names  arise  from  some 
incident  in  the  story,  woven  around  their 
personalities  ?  In  conclusion,  will  your 
readers  amplify  this  imperfect  list  of  the 
giants'  names  of  England  ? 

J.  HAMBLEY  ROWE. 

TITLE  OF  BOOK  WANTED. — I  shall  be 
greatly  obliged  if  any  of  your  readers  can 

five  me  the  name  and  publisher  of  a  book 
read  many  years  ago.  It  was  a  very 
charming  romance,  purporting  to  give  the 
origin  of  the  Tanagra  figures,  the  well-known 
small  statuettes  in  terra-cotta.  The  story 
was  of  the  sculptor  and  his  lover,  the  latter, 
being  a  modest  young  woman,  refused  to 
pose  for  the  nude,  and  the  sculptor  eloped 
with  her  to  Tanagra,  where  he  modelled  the 
statuettes  in  terra-cotta.  M.  BURNHAM. 
141A  Kensington  High  Street,  W. 

ASTERTION  FLOWERS. — In  some  old-time 
culinary  recipes  these  flowers  are  mentioned 
as  ingredients.  What  were  they  ?  ^  I  cannot 
trace  "  Astertion  "  in  the  *  N.E.D.'  G. 

[?  Nasturtium.] 

JAMES  WHEATLE Y  :  COBBLER.  — James 
Wheatley,  a  cobbler,  afterwards  Methodist 
minister,  was  the  cause  of  extraordinary 
riots  in  Norwich  in  1752.  His  conduct 
resulted  in  scandal,  and  he  was  sentenced 
by  an  ecclesiastical  court  to  public  penance. 
This  was  apparently  never  performed.  He 
retained  the  confidence  of  his  congregation, 
and  died  at  Bristol. 


268 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[  12  8.  V.  OCT.,  1919. 


The  fullest  information,  relative  to  his 
career  would  be  of  interest  to  me.  Garrick, 
I  believe,  held  him  up  to  public  scorn,,  but 
I  forget  the  details.  He  receives  notice  in 
Hogarth's  scurrilous  print  of  Whitefield 
preaching,  the  "  Medley,"  and  there  is  an 
extant  portrait  of  him,  but  where  I  do  not 
know. 

To  indicate  the  references  known  to  me, 
I  furnish  the  following  very  incomplete 
bibliography  :  — 

1.  Tyerman's,    Wesley,    Whitefield,  and   Oxford 

Methodists. 

2.  Life  and  Times  of  Selina,  Countess  of  Hunting- 

don. 

3.  Biography    of     Robt.     Robinson.    By      Jared 

Sparks. 

4.  A    True    and    Particular    Narrative     of    the 

Disturbances  in  Norwich,  1752. 
f>.  The  Wolf  in  Sheep's  Clothing.     By  T.  Keymer, 

J.  /O^. 

6.  A  Reply  to  the  Scandalous  Papers  of  Mrs.  M — n 

and  Mr.  T.  K— r,  1754. 

7.  The      Fawning      Sycophant      Display'd.      By 

T.  Keymer,  1754. 

8.  Gentleman's  Magazine,  1752,  and  Feb.  3.  1756. 

9.  Minutes  of  Conference,  1749. 

10.  A  Summary  View  of  the  Doctrines  of  Method- 

ism, &c.      1753. 

11.  An  Address  to  the  Protestant  Dissenters  of  the 

established   congregations   in  Norwich,  circ. 
1753.     No  copy  known. 

12.  Whitehall  Evening  Post  of  1752. 

13.  The  Methodists,  an  Eclogue.    By  John  Robin- 

son.    No  copy  known  to  me. 

14.  An  Extract  of  the   Life   and   Death   of    John 

Janeway.     By  James  Wheatley,  1749.     No 
copy  known  to  me. 

15.  Larkin's   History  of  Methodism   in   Norwich. 

No  copy  known  to  me. 

17.  Norfolk  Notes  and  Queries,  vol.  ii.  pp.  159,312. 

18.  Wesley's  Journal,  passim. 

With  the  exception  of  those  to  which 
contrary  indication  is  placed,  all  the  above 
works  are  either  in  the  British  Museum  or 
the  Norwich  Public  Free  Library. 

J.  C.  WHITEBRQOK. 
24  Old  Square,  Lincoln's  Inn,  W.C.2. 

'  QUENTIN  DUBWABD.' — I  should  be  grate- 
rul  for  any  help  in  solving  the  following 
points  ;  the  references  are  to  the  pages  in 
the  Oxford  Scott  :  — 

1.  "  The    wink    with    which    our    village 
Packwood  used  to  communicate  the  news  of 
the    morning." — Introd.     of     1823,    p.     xx. 
Packwood   was   presumably   a    barber,   but 
whence  did  Scott  get  him  ? 

2.  Where    can    I    find    some    details     of 
Martin    Dominique,    the    artist    who    made 
"the  famous  cups  of  Tours"  ? — Chap,  iv., 
p.  40. 

3.  What    is    the    meaning    of     Dunois's 
remark    to    Louis :     "  Your    Majesty    owes 
the  house  of    Orleans    at    least  one    happy 


marriage"  ?     In  return  for  what  ?    and  why- 
"  at  least  one  "  ? — Chap,  ix.,  p.  111. 

4.  Whence     are    the    lines    of    "  the     old 
ballad-maker" 

With  many  a  cross-bearer  before, 
And  many  a  spear  behind  ? 

Chap,  xviii.,  p.  224. 

5.  What  is  the  source  of  "  the  old  college- 
jest,    sero   venientibus    ossa  "  ? — Chap,    xix.^ 
p.  239. 

6.  Who  was  the  "  active  political  agent " 
of  whom  it  was  said  that  "  his  finger  was 
in- every   man's    palm,    his   mouth   was   io. 
every  man's  ear  "  ? — Chap,  xxxi.,  p.  392. 

7.  I  presume  the  motto  to  chap,  xxxiv.,. 
p.   425:  — 

I  '11  take  thee  to  the  good  green  wood 

And  make  thine  own  hand  choose  the  tree, 
though    purporting    to    be    from    an    *  Old 
Ballad,'  is  Scott's. 

8.  Is  it  possible  to  trace  "  be  hush'd,  my 
dark  spirit."  — Introd.  of  1823,  p.  xxi, 

I    may    add   that    I    have    run   to    earth 
Aboulcasem,  who  was  asked  for  in  8  S,  i. ; 
he  is  in  Namby  Pamby's  '  Persian  Tales.' 
C.  B.  WHEELEK. 

LOBD  [JOHN]  VAUGHAN. — Can  any  of  your 
readers  give  me  any  information  as  to  Lord 
[John]  Vaughan,  son,  I  believe,  of  the  Earl* 
of  Carbery,  whose  title  is  now  extinct, 
though  there  appears  still  to  be  an  Earl  of 
Carbery,  and  also  inform  me  of  the  parentage 
of  his  niece  who,  while  he  was  Governor  of 
Jamaica — 1674  to  1678 — married  David' 
de  Hennin.  I  should  be  very  glad  of  any 
information  as  to  the  de  ancestre  of  the- 
de  Henin  or  Dehany  family  in  Jamaica  and' 
as  to  Dr.  Dallas  of  Dallas  Castle  and  James 
Kerr  or  Carr  who  was  living  there  in  the- 
eighteenth  century.  G.  D.  McGBiGOB. 

3  Carlton  Hill,  Exmouth. 

'  TOM  JONES.' — Gibbon  made  a  prophecy 
that  '  Tom  Jones '  would  outlive  the- 
Imperial  eagle  of  Austria.  This  prophecy 
came  true  last  year.  But  can  any  reader 
give  me  the  reference  to  when  and  where- 
Gibbon  said  it  ?  DE  V.  PA  YEN-PAYNE. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED.— 

1.  1  should  be  glad  to  know  the  author  of  the^ 
following  lines,  and  where  they  appear : — 

The  kiss  of  the  sun  for  pardon, 

The  song  of  the  bird  for  mirth — 
One  is  nearer  God's  heart  in  a  garden 
Than  anywhere  else  on  earth. 

RICHARD  HEAPE. 

[These  lines  are  the  last  of  four  verses  of  a  sacretB 
song  entitled  *  God's  Garden '  by  D.  F.  Gurney*. 
published  by  Chappell  &  Co.] 

2.  And  the  low  plashing  of  the  sea 

Their  everlasting  threnody.  LUCES. 


2  S.  V.OCT.,  1919.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


269 


IFE 


OF       HENRY       MAITLAND 
GEORGE    GISSING. 

(12  S.  v.   151.) 


the  above  reference  MB.  DE  V.  PAYEN- 
YNE  says  he  would  like  to  have  a  key  to 

Morley  Roberts's  'Life  of  Henry  Mait- 
d,'  which  is  reputed  to  represent  the  life 
the  late  George  Gissing.  I  can  assure 
.  PAYEN-PAYNE  that  that  book  does 
hfully  represent  the  life  of  that  unfor- 
,ate  man  of  genius,  but  as  nearly  all  the 


Name  in  '  The  Private  Life  of 
Henry  Maitland.' 

orhampton     

efields  

e  Vortex'     

)rning ' 

:  Henry  Bissell          

horstein  

of.  Little 


proper  names  in  it  are  disguised  under  other 
names  it  is  rather  difficult  to  know  who  is 
meant  in  places.  However,  as  no  one  has 
as  yet  supplied  a  key  to  the  book  I  beg  to 
suggest  some  twenty  identifications  for  a 
start,  and  if  any  one  can  correct  me  or 
suggest  other  identifications  I  shall  be 
very  pleased.  Any  one  familiar  with 
publishing  houses  and  publisher's  readers 
could  easily  identify  another  dozen  disguised 
names. 

A  mystery  meets  us  on  the  title  page, 
which  reads  :  "  The  Private  Life  of  Henry 
Maitland,  a  record  dictated  by  J.  H.,  revised 
and  edited  by  Morley  Roberts."  Who  is 
J.  H.  ?  I  take  it  the  book  is  entirely 
written  by  Morley  Roberts,  and  identify  the 
following  : — 

Reed  Name 


of.  Henry  Parker 

he  Exile ' 

e  Rev.  Mr.  Wolff 


hildren  of  the  Dawn '         

aternoster  Row '      

oughton  

irold  Edgeworth       

asil'        ...   m 

he  Meditations  of  Mark  Sumner 

he  Mob  '         ...        

hn  Harley       

lydon     

he  Underworld'       

tmerton's         

label  ' 

H.  Rivers        

ubilee'  

he  Beat  of  All  Things '      

he  Unchosen'  

utside  the  Pale  '      

orge  Hardy     

ford       

Ida  Moon         

ictorian  Novelists ' 


Manchester. 

Wakefield. 

'  The  Whirlpool,'  by  G.  G. 

'A  Life's  Morning.'  by  G.  G. 

Sir  Henry  Enfield  Roscoe,  F.R.S. 

Prof.  Carl  Schorlemmer,  F.R.S. 

Prof.  Joseph  G.  Greenwood,  LL.D.,  Principal  of  Owen's 
College. 

Thomas  Parker,  M.A.,  Professor  of  Mathematics. 

(These  four  were  at  Owen's  College,  Manchester,  in  1876.) 

'  Born  in  Exile,'  by  G.  G. 

Either  the  Rev.  Wm.  Gaskell,  M.A.,  or  the  Rev.  S.  A.  Steinthal, 
M.A.,  Ministers  of  Cross  Street  Unitarian  Chapel  at  Man- 
chester in  1876. 

*  Workers  in  the  Dawn,'  by  G.  G. 
4  New  Grub  Street,'  by  G.  'G. 

Whelpdale.     (A  Character  in  *  New  Grub  Street.') 
Mr.  Frederic  Harrison. 

*  Veranilda,'  by  G.  G. 

4  The  Private  Papers  of  Henry  Ryecrof t,'  by  G.  G. 

'  Demos,'  by  G.  G. 

Mr.  John  Morley. 

Reardon.    (A  Character  in  '  New  Grub  Street.') 

'  The  Nether  World '  by  G.  G. 

Remington  &  Co.  Publishers. 

4  Isabel  Clarendon,'  by  G.  G. 

Mr.  G.  H.  Wells. 

4  In  the  Year  of  Jubilee,'  by  G.  G. 

«  The  Crown  of  Life,'  by  G.  G. 

4  The  Unclassed,' by  G.  G. 

Ditto. 

Godwin  Peak.    (A  Character  in  '  Born  in  Exile.') 
Biffen.    (A  Character  in  '  New  Grub  Street.') 
Ida  Starr.    (A  Character  in  'The  Unclassed.') 
'  Charles  Dickens  :  a  Critical  Study,'  by  G.  G. 


Just  one  more  point.  In  my  copy  of 
he  Unclassed,'  by  George  Gissing,  pub- 
led  by  Sidgwick  &  Jackson,  p.  145,  the 
[•oine,  Ida  Starr,  washes  herself  pure  of  her 
s  in  the  sea  at  midnight,  or  rather  1  A.M., 
Hastings.  Now,  in  '  The  Private  Life 
Henry  Maitland,'  by  Morley  Roberts,  it 
,tes  (p.  165)  that  George  Meredith,  who 


was  the  reader  for  the  publishers  who  first 
published  *  The  Unclassed,'  compelled  Mait- 
land to  eliminate  that  passage,  and  it  is 
missing  in  the  published  book.  There  is 
evidently  a  discrepancy  somewhere.  Per- 
haps the  passage  was  restored  in  a  subsequent- 
edition. 

G.  A.  P. 


270 


NOTES  AMD  QUEKLtilS. 


[12  8.  V.  OCT.,  1919. 


AN    ENGLISH    ARMY    LIST    OF    1740. 

(12  S.  ii.  3,  43,  75,  84,  122,  129,  151,  163, 191, 
204,  229,  243,  272,  282,  311,  324,  353,  364, 
391,  402,  431,  443,  473,  482,  512,  524  ; 
iii.  11,  46,  71,  103,  132,  190,  217,  234,  267, 
304.) 

MORE  than  a  year  ago  I  corrected  proofs  of 
the  matter  which  follows,  but  the  Editor 
could  not  find  room  for  its  insertion.  I  am 
now  enabled  to  give  a  part  of  what  is  in 
type. 

3rd  Foot  Guards  (12  S.  ii.   165,  231). 

Unfortunately  the  history-  of  this  regi- 
ment has  not  yet  been  written. 

James  Scott  of  Logie  and  Comiestoun, 
second  son  of  Hercules  Scott  of  Brotherton, 
m.  Margaret  Wallace  of  Ingliston  ;  was  M.P. 
co.  Kincardine,  1713  to  1734  ;  brigadier- 
general,  Nov.  16,  1735;  major-general, 
July  2,  1739  ;  lieutenant-general,  March  26, 
1743  ;  Envoy  to  Poland. 

Charles  Legge  d.  December,  1740  (Gent' 
Mag.),  and  not  June  7,  1753,  as  stated  on 
p.  231,  where  he  is  wrongly  placed  in  the 
Coldstream. 

Henry  Skelton  of  Braitjiwaite  Hall,  Cum- 
berland, 1st  major  (vice  Legge  dec.),  5  Jan., 
1741  ;  lieutenant-colonel  of  the  regiment 
(vice  Scott),  March  12,  1743;  colonel  32iid 
Foot,  Aug.  27,  1743;  colonel  12th  Foot, 
May  28,  1745,  till  he  d.  April  10,  1757; 
brevet-colonel,  Aug.  21,  1739;  brigadier- 
general,  Feb.  25,  1744;  major-general, 
June  1,  1745;  lieutenant-general,  Sept.  18, 
1747. 

Hon.  George  Byng,  2nd  major  (and 
brevet-colonel),  Jan.  5,  1741  ;  1st  major, 
March  12,  1743  ;  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
regiment,  Aug.  28,  1743  ;  colonel  4th  Ma- 
rines, June  28,  1744,  till  broke  Nov.  8,  1748  ; 
brigadier-general,  June  3,  1745  ;  major- 
general,  Sept.  19,  1747.  B.  1701,  succeeded 
his  brother  as  3rd  Viscount  Torrington 
January,  1747  ;  d.  April  17,  1750. 

James  Steuart  senior,  of    Torrence,  eldest 
son    of    Alexander    Stuart     of    same,    was 
A.D.C.  to  John,  Duke  of  Argyll,  1715,  when 
commanding    in    Scotland  ;  was    present    at 
Sheriffmuir  ;  served  in  Spain  and  Flanders 
M.P.    Ayr    Burghs,    1734    to    1741  ;    one   o 
the  two  Gentlemen  Ushers  to  the  Prince  o 
Wales    in    1727  ;  Gentleman    Usher,    Dairv 
Waiter    (150Z.)  to  George  II.,   1727  till  h 
d.  unmarried,  April  3,  1743. 

Rowland     Reynolds,     2nd     major     (and 
brevet-colonel),  March  12,  1743  ;   1st  major 


Aug.  28,  1743  ;  lieutenant-colonel  of  the 
•egiment,  July  18, 1744,  till  he  d.  in  or  before 
Vlarch,  1748.  Presumably  son  of  the 

Rowland  Reynolds  of  St.  Martin-in-the-Fields, 
Vfiddlesex,  gent.,  bachelor,  aged  29,  who  was 
icensed  9  April,  1685,  to  m.  Elizabeth  Fendall, 
>f  same,  spinster,  aged  21,  with  consent  of  her 
nother,  Mrs.  Fendall,  of  Tonhall,  co.  Surrey,  at 
>t.  Martin-in-the-Fields,  St.  Paul,  Covont  Garden, 
»r  St.  Clement  Danes,  Middlesex  "  (Chester's 

London  Marriage  Licences  '). 

Hon.  Thomas  Murray,  colonel  (57th,  after- 
wards) 46th  Foot,  June  23,  1743,  till  he  d. 
unm.,  Nov.  14,  1764  ;  major-general,  April  1,. 
1754;  lieutenant-general,  Jan.  19,  1758; 
Brother  to  the  colonel  of  the  regiment,  and 
fifth  and  youngest  son  of  1st  Earl  of  Dun- 
more  ;  was  appointed  a  Page  of  Honour  to 
George  I.,  1714. 

John  Mordaunt  of  Freefolk,  Hants,  only 
son  of  Hon.  Harry  Mordaunt,  M.P.,  b.  1698  ; 
Page  of  Honour  (156?.)  to  Queen  Anne  in. 
1711,  and  to  George  I.  from  1714  ;  Equerry 
to  the  young  princesses  in  1720  ;  Equerry  to 
he  King,  June,  1737,  to  December,  1760  ; 
M.P.  Pontefract,  February,  1730,  to  1734  ; 
Whit  church,  April,  1735,  to  1741  ;  Cocker- 
mouth,  1741  to  1768  ;  installed  K.B.r 
June  23  or  26,  1749  ;  a  Governor  of  tho 
Foundling  Hospital,  November,  1739; 
colonel  (new)  58th  (afterwards  47th)  Foot,, 
Jan.  15,  1741  ;  of  18th  Foot,  Dec.  18,  1742  ; 
of  12th  Dragoons,  Dec.  22,  1747  ;  of  7th 
Dragoon  Guards,  July  14,  1749  ;  of  10th 
Dragoons,  Nov.  1,  1749,  till  he  d.  unm.  at 
Bevis  Mount,  Southampton,  Oct.  23,  1780, 
aged  82  ;  brigadier-general,  May  17,  1745  ; 
served  in  Holland  ;  commanded  an  infantry 
brigade  at  Falkirk,  January,  1746  ;  fought 
at  Culloden  and  at  Val,  July,  1747  ;  major- 
general,  Sept.  22,  1747  ;  lieutenant-general, 
May  1,  1754;  general,  April  13,  1770; 
served  on  staff  in  South  Britain  (one  of  three 
to  review  the  forces),  June,  1749  ;  com- 
manded the  futile  expedition  against  Roche- 
fort,  1757  ;  Governor  of  Sheerness  Fort  and 
the  Isle  of  Sheppey,  June,  1752,  to  1778  ; 
and  of  Berwick,  1778  till  death. 

Hon.  Robert  Carpenter,  second  major  and 
brevet -colonel,  Aug.  28,  1743  ;  first  major, 
July  18,  1744,  till  killed  at  Fontenoy,  1745, 
James  Russell  Stapleton,  d.  Aug.  16,  1743, 
the  younger  son  of  Sir  Wm.  Stapleton,  3rd 
Bart.,  and  only  brother  to  Sir  Wm.  Stapleton, 
4th  Bart.,  M.P.  (see  '  Oxfordshire  Members, 
1213  to  1899,'  privately  printed),  "is  a 
Colonel  in  the  Guards  "  (Wotton's  '  Baronet- 
age,' 1741),  and  m.  Penelope,  daughter  of 
Sir  John  Conway,  last  Bart.,  M.P.,  of 
Bodelwyddan,  co.  Flint.  She  d.  May,  1739, 
leaving  "five  daughters. 


12  8.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


271 


Hon.  James  Stuart,  junior,  of  Bailliewhirr, 
Barvennan,  and  Auckland,  second  son  of 
James,  5th  Earl  of  Galloway,  d.  unm.  at 
Calley,  April  27,  1768  ;  second  major  of  the 
regiment  (and  brevet-colonel),  July  18,  1744  ; 
first  major,  May  27,  1745  ;  lieutenant-colonel 
thereof,  Feb.  25  1747  /8,  till  Col.  37th  Foot, 
Nov.  17,  1752,  till  death;  major-general, 
May  1,  1754;  lieutenant-general,  Jan.  20, 
1758  ;  M.P.  Wigtown  Burghs,  1734  to  1741, 
and  1747  to  1754  ;  and  co.  Wigtown,  1741  to 
1747,  and  1754  to  1761. 

Hon.  Charles  Ingram,  fourth  son  of  5th 
Viscount  Irwin,  matriculated  Oriel  College, 
Oxford,  April  29,  1714,  aged  16  ;  adjutant- 
general  (and  brevet-colonel),  April  3,  1743  ; 
and  also  M.P.  Horsham,  February,  1737, 
both  till  he  d.  Nov.  28,  1748,  having  resigned 
his  company  in  the  regiment,  February, 
1748. 

John  Campbell,  Earl  of  Loudoun,  A.D.C. 
to  the  King  (and  brevet-colonel),  July,  1743  ; 
colonel  (new)  64th  Foot,  April  25,  1745,  till 
broke,  Jan.  4,  1749 ;  colonel  30th  Foot, 
Nov.  1,  1749,  till  1770  ;  major-general, 
Feb.  17,  1755  ;  lieutenant-general,  Jan.  22, 
1758  ;  general,  April  13,  1770  ;  Governor  of 
Stirling  Castle  (300Z.),  April,  1731,  to  1763  ; 
then  of  Edinburgh  Castle  (500Z.),  March,  1763, 
till  he  d.  unm.  April  27,  1782  ;  a  Scotch 
Representative  Peer,  1734  till  death  ; 
Governor  of  Virginia,  February,  1756,  to 
September,  1759  ;  Commander  of  the  Forces 
in  America,  March,  1756,  to  December,  1757  ; 
colonel  3rd  Foot  Guards,  April  30,  1770,  till 
death  ;  served  in  Scotland,  1745,  America, 
and  Portugal.  Only  son  of  Hugh,  3rd  Earl 
of  Loudoun,  whom  he  succeeded  Nov.  20, 
1731  ;  b.  May  5,  1705  ;  formed  at  Loudoun 
Castle  the  largest  then  existing  collection  of 
willows,  gathered  from  all  parts  of  the  world. 

Lord  John  Murray  of  Pitnacree,  M.P. 
co.  Perth,  1734  to  1741  ;  A.D.C.  to  the  King 
(and  brevet-colonel),  July,  1743  ;  colonel 
42nd  Royal  Highlanders,  April  25,  1745, 
till  he  d.  May  18,  1787,  then  senior  general ; 
major-general,  Feb.  16,  1755  ;  lieutenant- 
general,  Jan.  21,  1758  ;  general,  April  13, 
1770.  Sixth  son  (first  by  second  wife)  of 
1st  Duke  of  Atholl,  b.  April  14,  1711  ;  m. 
Sept.  13,  1758,  Miss  Dalton  of  Banner  Cross, 
Yorks. 

George  Ogilvie,  d.  1745  (presumably  father 
of  the  George  Ogilvie,  lieutenant  and  captain 
in  the  regiment  Feb.  19,  1757  ;  captain  and 
lieutenant-colonel,  Jan.  14,  1763,  till  first 
major,  Aug.  7,  1777  ;  brevet-colonel,  Oct,  4. 
1776 ;  major-general,  Feb.  19,  1779  ;  d.  1779). 

R.  W.  WILLIAMS. 
(To  be  continued.) 


THOMAS  SHEPARD  (12  S.  v.  179).— There- 
was  an  inquiry  about  Thomas  Shepard,  who* 
was  the  minister  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  after 
the  Rev.  Thomas  Hooker  left  in  1635. 

John  Nicholas,  Topographer  and  Genea- 
logist, London,  1846,  in  vol.  i.  p.  229  et  seq.r 
has  an  account  of  the  Harlakenden  family  of 
Harlakenden,  Kent.  On  p.  255  he  quotes 
from  Richard  Baxter's  '  Certainty  of  t he- 
World  of  Spirits  fully  Evinced,'  1691,  and 
gives  two  ghost  stories  from  Richard 
Harlakenden. 

Mr.  Thomas  Shepard  (who  afterwards 
went  to  New  England),  with  some  other 
ministers,  prayed  and  cast  out  the  devil  ! 
This  devil  had  been  ringing  bells  and  never 
afterwards  made  a  noise. 

The  Rev.  Thomas  Shepard,  according  to- 
his  autobiography,  laid  a  ghost  in  England,. 

Ralph  Josselyn  succeeded  Shepard  as 
vicar  to  Harlakenden  (see  '  Diary  of  Ralph 
Josselyn,'  edited  for  Royal  Hist.  Soc.  by 
E.  Hockcliffe,  M.A.,  at  office  of  that  society  r 
published  at  London,  1908). 

There  is,  of  course,  a  great  amount  of 
matter  here  in  Massachusetts  about  Sheparct 
in  this  country. 

A  life  of  Thomas  Shepard  should  be  in  the- 
British    Museum,    and    he    left    plenty    of" 
sermons,  and  there  are  letters  of  his  in  the 
Mass.  Hist.  Soc.  Collections.     See  '  Thomas 
Shepard  '  in  the  '  D.N.B.' 

M.  J.  CANAVAN. 
133  West  Springfield  Street,  Boston,  Mass. 

CHEVALIER  PETER  DILLON  (12  S.  v.  206). — 
Interesting  particulars  of  Peter  Dillon  arer 
given  in  w  Sea  Life  Sixty  Years  Ago,'  by 
Capt.  George  Bayly  of  Trinity  Houser 
published  in  1885  by  Kegan  Paul,  Trench. 
Dillon  was  a  herculean  Irishman,  self- 
educated  but  a  fine  navigator,  who  spent 
many  years  as  a  sandalwood  trader  in  the 
South  Pacific  in  the  days  when  the  vessels 
had  to  be  heavily  armed  to  guard  against 
attacks  by  the  natives.  He  was  a  man  of 
dauntless  courage,  great  powers  of  command,- 
but  of  violent  and  tyrannical  temper.  Irt- 
1813  he  was  about  28  years  of  age.  In  1825 
he  sailed  as  captain  and  owner  of  a  vessel 
he  re-named  the  St.  Patrick  under  Chilian 
colours,  from  Valparaiso  to  New  Zealand 
to  load  spars  for  Calcutta.  At  the  island 
of  Tucopia  he  met  an  old  shipmate,  a 
Prussian  named  Buchert,  who  had  been 
living  among  the  natives  for  thirteen  years, 
and  who  gave  him  news  of  native  stories 
that  long  years  before  two  French  ships  had 
been  wrecked  on  the  Santa  Cruz  island 
of  Vanikoro.  Capt.  Bayly,  then  a  young 
man,  was  trading  officer  or  supercargo  oil 


272 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  OCT  ,  1919. 


board  the  St.  Patrick  and  he  bought  from  a 
Lascar  who  had  been  living  with  Buchert 
a  silver  sword-hilt,  which  had  come  from 
Vanikoro.  It  bore  the  initials  of  the  ill-fated 
Comte  de  la  Perouse,  and  Dillon  reported 
this  discovery  to  the  Royal  Asiatic  Society  at 
Calcutta  on  his  arrival  there.  He  was  not  in 
the  service  of  the  H.E.I.C.,  but  one  of  their 
cruisers,  the  Research,  was  fitted  out  and  he 
was  given  the  command,  with  orders  to 
proceed  to  Vanikoro  to  make  further  in- 
vestigations. This  he  did  and  secured  brass 
guns,  besides  silver,  copper,  and  iron  articles 
which  conclusively  proved  that  the  vessels 
wrecked  at  Vanikoro  were  those  of  La 
Perouse's  expedition.  He  returned  to  Cal- 
cutta in  April,  1828,  and  was  sent  to  France 
with  the  relics,  arriving  in  Paris  in  February, 
1829.  Charles  X.  created  him  a  Chevalier 
of  the  Legion  of  Honour,  and  granted  him 
an  annuity  of  4,000  francs.  He  was  then 
appointed  French  Consul  to  the  South  Sea 
Islands,  and  resided  for  a  few  years  in  that 
capacity  at  Tahiti.  He  resigned  his  consul- 
ship and  returned  to  England,  where  he 
lived  on  his  pension  until  his  death  in  1846. 
There  is  an  article  on  Dillon  in  the 
'  D.N.B.,'  Supplement  II.,  which  gives  the 
date  of  his  birth  as  about  1785,  but  does  not 
state  parentage  or  birthplace.  It  quotes 
his  '  Narrative,'  published  in  two  volumes  in 
London,  1829.  R.  S.  PENGELLY. 

PLANE  TREES  IN  LONDON  (12  S.  v.  205).— 
The  theory  that  the  minute  spicules  shed  in 
spring  from  the  ripe  fruit  of  the  plane  act 
as  agents  causing  catarrh  in,  human  beings 
is  not  only,  as  MB.  ARDACH  observes,  "  with- 
out definite  proof,"  but,  so  far  as  known  to 
me,  is  pure  hypothesis,  devoid  of  any 
evidence  in  its  support.  It  reminds  one  of 
the  delightful  lines  in  '  Rejected  Addresses,' 
satirising  those  who  traced  every  mishap 
and  adversity  to  the  direct  agency  of 
Napoleon  Bonaparte  :  — 

Who  burnt,  confound  his  soul !  the  houses  twain 
Of  Coveiit  Garden  and  of  Drury  Lane  ? 
Who  makes  the  quartern  loaf  and  Luddites  rise? 
Who  fills  the  butcher's  shops  with  large  blue  flies 

It  is  true  that  the  dispersal  of  plane  seeds 
and^their  volatile  achenes  by  the  winds  o\ 
March  synchronises  with  a  vast  amount  of 
catarrh  among  the  inhabitants  of  London 
But  before  the  beautiful  planes,  so  patient 
of  an  urban  atmosphere,  are  condemned 
would  it  not  be  prudent  to  ascertain  whether 
spring  catarrh  prevails  to  a  greater  extent 
in  London,  where  planes  do  greatly  abounc 
for  our  delectation,  than  it  does  in  cities 
where  there  are  no  planes,  such  as  Bir 
:anin.gham,  Chester,  Manchester,  Edinburgh, 


Glasgow,  &c.  It  is  cruel  to  give  a  bad  name, 
without  attempting  to  justify  it,  to  the 
aoble  tree  which  is  almost  unique  in  its 
capacity  to  resist  the  many  adverse  con- 
litions  it  has  to  encounter  in  our  vast 
netropolis.  HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

Monreith. 

COWAP  (12  S.  v.  206,  247).— This  is  a  very 
3ommon  name  in  Cheshire.  Harrison  gives 
:he  derivation  as  a  "  dweller  at  the  Cow- 
Hope."  "  Hope  "  is  a  valley  or  a  sloping 
hollow,  or,  as  Camden  says,  "  the  side  of  a 
hill."  This  seems  a  reasonable  derivation, 
and  I  have  been  told  that  in  Herefordshire 
we  get  the  name  of  Cowmeadow,  which  is 
corroborative  evidence,  if  true.  Perhaps 
some  Herefordshire  correspondent  will  en- 
lighten us  on  this  point.  In  Chester  we 
frequently  shorten  this  word  to  Cowp. 

JOSEPH  C.  BRIDGE. 

Chester. 

SEVEN  KINGS  (12  S.  v.  210,  249).— This 
spot  was  originally  in  the  parish  of  Barking, 
and  remained  so  until  1888,  when  the 
ancient  parish  which  extended  from  Chigwell 
to  the  Thames  was  divided  by  Act  of 
Parliament.  Ilford  took  the  north  and 
Barking  the  south.  Seven  Kings  is  now 
in  Ilford.  Tradition  tells  that  in  the  time 
of  the  Heptarchy,  seven  kings,  after  a 
hunting  expedition  in  Waltham  Forest, 
watered  their  horses  at  a  stream  which 
crosses  under  the  Great  Eastern  Railway 
here.  No  written  testimony  prevails  of  the 
original  story  ;  but  in  the  MS.  tithe-book  of 
Thomas  Cartwright,  Vicar  of  Barking,  and 
Bishop  of  Chester,  there  are  two  entries,  and 
this  carries  the  record  back  to  1669.  The 
first  entry  calls  the  place  King's  Watering, 
the*  second  says  Seven  Kings.  Both  entries 
relate  to  land  called  Crackbones  or  Crack- 
lands,  then  in  the  occupation  of  a  certain 
Richard  Clark.  W.  W.  GLENNY. 

Barking,  Essex. 

QUEEN  ANNE  :  THE  SOVEREIGN'S  VETO  ; 
THE  ROYAL  ASSENT  (12  S.  v.  95,  155,  214).— 
In  my  reply  at  the  last  reference,  viz.,  p.  214, 
col.  2,  last  line,  "  sujects  "  should  be 
"  sujets  "  ;  i.e.,  I  meant  that  May  in  his 
modernised  version  substitutes  "  sujets ' 
for  "  subjects."  I  ought  to  have  added 
that  he  gives  "  vos  "  for  "  vous  " — a 
justifiable  emendation.  Seeing  that  he  was 
writing  a  book  on  '  Parliamentary  Practice, 
not  necessarily  of  antiquarian  research,  i1 
may  be  that  he  was  right  in  modernising  the 
old  French,  but  it  is  curious  that  he  should 
give  "  parlment  "  not  "  parlement,"  and 
that  he  should  retain  "  touts  "  and  "  vostre." 


128.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


273 


In  the  9th  edition  of  his  '  Parliamentary 
Practice,'  p.  595,  he  writes  of  "  Les  prelats, 
seigneurs,"  &c.,  as  "  assemblies,"  thus 
turning  D'Ewes's  unaccented  masculine 
"  assembles  "  into  the  feminine. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

BISHOPS  OF  THE  FIFTEENTH  CENTURY 
(12  S.  iv.  330  ;  v.  107,  161). — There  was  only 
one  William,  Bishop  of  Dromore,  in  the 
fifteenth  century.  But  his  dates  vary 
strangely.  Gams  ('  Series  Episcoporum 
Ecclesise  Catholicae,  1873,'  p.  217)  says 
c.  1501,  and  places  him  after  Georgius 
Brann  (1487-1499).  But  Father  Conrad 
Eubel  ('  Hierarchia  Catholica.  Medii  Aevi,' 
ii.  1901,  p.  162),  puts  him  as  early  as  1463. 
Others  give  1465-1488. 

It  is  certain  that  Georgius  Brann  was 
translated  to  Elphin  in  1499,  but  Gams 
gives  1487  as  the  date  at  which  he  began 
to  rule  at  Dromore,  and  Eubel  1483. 
Eubel' s  order  seems  the  best  authenticated. 
Gams  (p.  233)  says  that  William,  Bishop  of 
Dromore,  helped  in  the  province  of  York, 
1463-1501.  W.  A.  B.  C. 

WESTGARTH,  INVENTOR  (12  S.  iv.  244). — 
W.  Wallace  in  his  '  Alston  Moor,  its  Pas- 
toral People,  its  Mines  and  Miners,'  (New- 
6astle,  1890),  pp.  142-3,  says  the  hydraulic 
engine  for  lead-mines  was 

"re-invented  in  1765  by  Mr.  Westgarth,  agent  for 
the  Coal  Cleugh  [lead]  mines  [Allendale,  North- 
umberland]  A  history  of  this  invention,  written 

by  [John]  Smeaton  may  be  found  in  '  The  Transac- 
tions of  the  Society  of  Arts' Two  of  Mr.  West- 
garth's  engines  were  erected  in  the  Middle  Cleugh 
[lead]  mines  [Alston],  and  both  were  in  operation  in 
1784.  One  was  erected  at  a  later  date  in  the  Cross- 
fell  mines." 

A  description  of  the  working  of  these  old 
hydraulic  engines  is  given  in  an  article 
entitled  '  My  First  (and  last)  Descent  into 
a  Lead-mine  in  1836,'  which  appeared  in 
Chambers' s  Journal  about  1866.  Perhaps 
the  above  brief  note  will  enable  some  other 
contributor  to  give  more  details.  I  have 
reason  to  believe  that  this  inventor  was  a 
native  of  co.  Durham,  and,  as  well  as  the 
querist,  would  welcome  any  further  replies. 
J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

EXETER  CATHEDRAL  EPITAPH  (12  S. 
v.  152,  241). — An  earlier  example  has  just 
presented  itself.  In  Mr.  Mill  Stephenson's 
'  List  of  Monumental  Brasses  in  Surrey ' 
('  Surrey  Archaeological  Collections,' 

vol.  xxv.)  there  is  a  description  of  a  brass 
to  William  Millebourne,  Esq.,  1415,  which 
was  formerly  in  Barnes  Church,  but  has  now 


disappeared.  It  is  mentioned  by  Aubrey 
and  (with  an  illustration)  by  Lysons.  The 
inscription  ends  with  a  Latin  couplet  corre- 
sponding exactly  to  that  which  Weever 
gives  from  Maldon. 

In  Mr.  Stephenson's  list  St.  Luke  in  the 

earlier    part    of    the    inscription    is    made- 

feminine,    an    error    either    of    the   original 

engraver  or  the  transcriber,  or  the  printer. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Oudle  Cottage,  Much  Hadham,  Herts. 

SIR  WALTER  RALEIGH  AND  QUEEN  ELIZA- 
BETH AT  SANDGATE  (12  S.  v.  96). — The  visit, 
as  described,  is  surely  very  doubtful.  It 
could  not  possibly  be  placed  in  or  near  1573. 
In  that  year  Raleigh  was  probably  still f 
serving  in  arms  in  France.  Certainly,  he  had 
not  entered  on  London  residence,  and  could 
have  known  nothing  of  the  Court.  In 
December,  1581,  returning  with  despatches 
from  Ireland,  he  first  took  the  fancy  of  the 
Queen.  Not  over  creditable  in  themselves 
they  proved  "happy  despatches-"  for 
Raleigh,  and  he  speedily  rose  in  favour. 

Pillion-riding,  even  as  a  joke,  was  scarcely 
a  mode  of  "progress"  for  Elizabeth,  one 
would  fancy.  The  Saraband,  too-,  in  either" 
form,  could  hardly  have  been  known  in 
England  at  that  date — certainly  would  not 
be  danced.  GEORGE  MARSHALL. 

21  Parkfield  Boad,  Liverpool. 

BIRDS  POISONING  CAPTIVE  YOUNG  (12  S. 
v.  210). — I  have  been  long  aware  of  the  fact 
that  if  young  birds  are  taken  from  the  nest 
and  caged  in  an  outdoor  aviary,  or  in  a 
place  where  they  can  be  discovered  by  their" 
parents,  the  latter  will  visit  and  feed  them, 
and  attempt  to  release  them.  Some  years 
ago  I  had  ocular  demonstrations  of  this  in 
the  case  of  some  young  nuthatches  which 
were  taken  from  a  nest  near  West  Grinstead 
and  placed  in  an  aviary  at  Henfield.  They 
were  taken  there  in  a  dog-cart  by  a  friend 
(the  late  William  Borrer  of  Cowfold),  who 
remarked  as  he  drove  along  that  an  old 
nuthatch  was  accompanying  him  along  the 
roadside,  flying  from  tree  to  tree.  A  few 
days  after  the  young  birds  had  been  placed 
in  the  aviary  he  received  a  letter  from  the 
owner  of  it  to  say  that  they  were  being 
visited  by  a  pair  of  old  nuthatches  who  daily 
brought  them  food.  At  my  request  he 
drove  me  over  to  Henfield  to  see  them,  and 
as  we  sat  on  a  garden  seat  watching  we 
witnessed  the  arrival  of  one  of  the  parent 
birds  (presumably)  which  clung  to  the  wires 
of  the  aviary,  and  fed  one  of  the  young. 
A  further  observation  made  by  inde- 
pendent witnesses,  both  in  England  and 


274 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[128.  V.  OCT.,  1919. 


America,  is  to  the  effect  that  if  the  old  birds 
fail  to  release  the  captives  they  will  bring 
them  poisonous  berries  which  prove  fatal. 
Of  this  I  have  had  no  personal  experience, 
but  I  have  at  intervals  noted  reported  cases. 
See  The  Field  of  Oct.  12,  1872,  and  Aug.  24, 
1912.  The  earliest  mention  of  such  a  case 
which  I  have  met  with  occurs  in  the  Journal 
of  Thomas  Moore,  where,  under  date  1827, 
Feb.  25,  is  the  following  entry  :  — 

"  Brougham  told  me  that  in  a  letter  which  he  had 
just  received  from  America  (from  Casey  of  Liver- 
pool) he  was  informed  that  some  young  birds  in  a 
cage  [ppecies  not  statedl  were  from  time  to  time 
visited  by  the  old  ones  their  parents,  and  that  the 
latter,  after  many  attempts  to  liberate  them 
through  the  bars  of  the  cage,  brought  some 
poisonous  berries  which  they  placed  in  the  cage, 
and  which  the  prisoners  immediately  eat  of  and 
died." 

Moore's  comment  upon  this  statement  is 
"  a  strange  story  to  send  all  the  way  from 
America."  And  so  it  is  ;  but,  as  above 
stated,  analogous  cases  have  been  reported 
in  England. 

Before  placing  entire  credence  in  such 
statements  it  would  be  desirable,  in  fresh 
cases,  to  have  more  explicit  details.  For 
example,  the  species  of  bird  observed,  in 
order  to  infer  the  nature  of  its  usual  food  ; 
the  name  of  the  plant  the  berries  of  which 
are  alleged  to  be  poisonous  ;  and  the  result 
of  a  post  mortem  examination  to  ascertain 
the  cause  of  death.  For  although  it  might 
be  true  that  the  parent  birds  brought 
berries  of  some  kind  to  their  young,  it  does 
not  follow  that  the  latter  were  poisoned  by 
eating  them.  They  may  have  been  too 
young  to  appreciate  them,  and  may  have 
•  died  simply  from  starvation. 

J.  E.  HARTING. 

Portmore  Lodge,  Weybridge. 

FENNER  FAMILY  :  DUDLEY  FENNER  (12  S. 
v.  181). — There  are  accounts  of  Dudley 
Fenner  in  the  '  D.N.B.,'  Cooper's  '  Athenae 
Cantabrigienses,'  Brook's  '  Puritans,'  and 
many  other  works  on  the  Puritans  and  on 
Literature.  He  is  described  as  being  born 
iu  Kent  and  the  heir  of  great  possessions, 
but  who  his  parents  were  is  not  stated.  He 
entered  Cambridge  University,  matriculated 
as  a  fellow- commoner  of  Peterhouse,  June  15, 
1575,  and  left  the  University  without 
graduating.  During  his  stay  there  he  is 
said  to  have  been  a  celebrated  tutor.  He 
became  minister  at  Cranbrook  in  Kent,  but 
being  dissatisfied  with  the  Church  of  Eng- 
land went  to  Antwerp,  and  was  ordained 
according  to  the  manner  of  the  reformed 
.churches  at  that  place,  renouncing  his 


former  ordination.  Upon  his  return  to 
England  he  was  brought  into  many  troubles 
for  nonconformity,  was  imprisoned  for 
above  a  year,  and  ultimately  went  to 
Micldleburg,  in  Zeland,  where  he  was  chap- 
lain to  the  English  merchants.  He  is  Faid 
to  have  died  at  that  place  in  the  winter  of 
1589.  He  was  the  author  of  numerous 
treatises,  &c.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

BIBLIOGRAPHY  OF  EPITAPHS  (12  S.  v.  68, 
129,  161,  192,  218).— I  take  the  following 
from  booksellers'  catalogues  :  — 

Select  Collection  of  Epitaphs  chiefly  collected 
from  the  Tombstones  of  the  most  eminent 
Personages  in  England,  Scotland,  and  Ireland, 
with  many  that  are  celebrated  for  their  Oddity 
and  Quaintness.  Printed  for  John  Death  at  the 
sign  of  the  Hour- Glass  and  Skull  in  Church- Yard 
Alley.  12mo,  1759. 

Frobisher's  New  Select  Collection  of  Epitaphs. 
216  pp.  Printed  for  Nathl.  Frobisher,  York.  No 
date  (1790?). 

The  Epitaph  Writer,  consisting  of  upwards  of  six 
hundred  original  Epitaphs.  By  John  Bowden,  a 
stone-mason  of  Chester.  12mo,  1791. 

Graham  (W.)  Collection  of  Epitaphs  and  Monu- 
mental Inscriptions,  Ancient  and  Modern.  12mo, 
1822. 

Wadd  (William)  Nugae  Canorae,  or  Epitaphian 
Mementos  (in  Stone  Cutter's  verse)  of  the  Medici 
Family,  of  Modern  Times.  By  Unus  Quorum. 
8vo,  1827. 

Booker  (L.)  Tributes  to  the  Dead  ;  consisting 
of  more  than  200  Epitaphs.  12mo.  1830. 

Simpson  (J.)  A  Collection  of  Curious,  Interesting 
and  Facetious  Epitaphs  and  Monumental  In- 
scriptions. 1853. 

Booth  (J.)  Metrical  Epitaphs,  Ancient  and 
Modern.  12mo,  1868. 

Mottoes  for  Monufn^nts,  by  F.  and  M.  A. 
Palliser.  Post  8vo,  1872. 

W.  B.  H. 

To  previous  works  should  be  added  :  — 

The  Churches  and  Churchyards  of  Berwickshire. 
By  James  Robson.  Kelso,  1896. 

The  Churches  and  Churchyards  of  Roxburgh- 
shire. By  James  Robson. 

A  good  collection  of  Epitaphs  of  Organists  appears 
in  Cathedral  Organists,  Past  and  Present.  By 
John  E.  West.  Novello,  London,  1899. 

I  would  be  glad  if   MR.  J.  W.  FAWCETT 
would  correspond  with  me. 

HAYDN  T.   GILES. 

II  Ravensbourne  Terrace,  South  Shields. 

See  list  of  epitaphs  of  Scottish  martyrs  in 
'  Cloud  of  Witnesses,'  1765,  pp.  375-92. 

J.  ARDAGH. 

There  are  at  the  Minet  Joint  Library, 
Knatchbull  Road,  S.E.5,  fifteen  volumes  of 
epitaphs  in  manuscript,  collected  and 
arranged  by  myself,  which  the  Librarian, 
Mr.  C.  J.  Courtney,  would  be  pleased  to  show 
to  any  one  interested  in  the  subject  ;  and  I 


128.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


275 


have  at  home  four  volumes  more  unbound, 
which  I  should  be  pleased  to  bring  to  the 
Library  for  inspection  by  private  collectors 
any  evening  after  6  o'clock.  Each  volume 
contains  1,000,  and  they  are  indexed  for 
first  lines,  subjects,  and  localities. 

G.  W.  YOUNGE. 
43  Maxted  Road,  Peckham,  S.E.15. 

GEORGE  DYER  :  PORTRAIT  (12  S.  v.  237).— 
The  portrait  of  George  Dyer,  by  H.  Meyer, 
was  engraved  by  the  artist  and  by  Beetham. 
The  portrait  by  E.  Cristall  was  engraved  by 
J.  Cristall.  (See  Evans'  '  Cat.  of  Prints,' 
pt.  iv.  i.  p.  108,  ii.  135.) 

M.  E.  CORNFORD,  Librarian. 
William  Salt  Library,  Stafford. 

CARACTACUS:  DRUIDS  (12  S.  v.  237).— 
Most  of  the  information  on  these  subjects 
will,  I  think,  be  found  in  the  Welsh  Triads 
and  other  similar  documents,  and  also  in  the 
old  British  chronicles.  Geoffrey  of  Mon- 
mouth  gives  a  great  deal  of  information  on 
both  subjects,  and  his  statements  may  not 
be  all  fictitious,  though  many  historians 
are  incredulous.  The  permanence  of  certain 
towns  which  derive  their  names  from  British 
kings,  as  Carlisle,  Leicester,  and  York  (Ebor.), 
seems  to  give  them  some  support. 

J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 

Caractacus  had  a  daughter  named  Eigen. 
She  is  recorded  as  the  first  female  saint 
among  the  Britons.  She  married  Sarllog, 
Lord  of  Caersarllog,  or  the  present  Old 
Sarum.  A  church  in  Brecons  named  Llanigon 
or  St.  Eigen,  post  town  is  Hay.  Caractacus 
had  a  son  Cyllin,  with  whom  is  closed  the 
list  of  primitive  Christians  of  the  first 
century.  Cyllin's  son  was  Coel,  who  had  a 
son  named  Lleurwg,  the  first  saint  of  the 
second  century  (Rees'  '  Essay  on  the  Welsh 
Saints,'  edn.  1836).  Lleurwg  Mawr — the 
Great  Luminary.  M.A.OxoN. 

EMERSON'S  ENGLISH  TRAITS  (12  S.  v.  234). 
— Information  concerning  the  nicknames 
given  to  inhabitants  of  the  different  states 
of  the  Union  will  be  found  in  Thornton's 
'  American  Glossary.'  "  Hoosiers  "  are  the 
inhabitants  of  Indiana.  "  Suckers  "  those 
of  Illinois,  while  residents  in  Wisconsin  are 
called  "  Badgers."  The  origin  of  the  two 
latter  names  is  given  in  a  long  quotation 
from  The  Madison  (Wis.)  Journal.  The 
miners  in  the  lead  region  of  Wisconsin  were 
of  two  grades,  those  who  stayed  at  the 
"  diggings  "  all  the  year  round,  and  those 
who  came  up  from  Illinois  for  the  summer 
season.  The  former  lived  in  caves  burrowed 
out  of  the  hill  sides,  which,  from  the 


prevalence  of  badgers  in  the  district,  were* 
called  "  badger-holes,"  and  their  inhabitants 
"  badgers."  The  annual  migrations  of  the 
Illinoisans  coincided  with  those  of  the 
Catastomus  or  sucker-fish.  Hence  they  wera 
styled  "  Suckers."  These  names  were  after- 
wards applied  to  the  entire  peoples  of  the 
two  states.  Wisconsin  bears  a  badger  as  its 
crest,  and  is  known  as  the  Badger  State. 

The  inhabitants  of  many  of  the  states  are 
or  have  been  distinguished  by  a  nickname. 
I  have  found  the  following  in  Thornton  : 
Ohio,  Buckeyes  ;  Virginia,  Buckskins  ;  Ken- 
tucky, Corncrackers  ;  Missouri,  Pakes  ~r 
Iowa,  Hawkeyes  ;  Michigan,  Wolverines  ? 
Delaware,  Blue  Hen's  Chickens ;  Massa- 
chusetts, Bay-men. 

C.  W.  FIREBRACE,  Capt. 

3.  Charles  I.  issued  in  1630  a  medal  which 
asserted  the  claim  of  Great  Britain  to  the 
dominion  of  the  sea,  as  maintained  by  Selden, 
and  in  accordance  with  instructions  given 
by  Charles  I.  to  his  Minister  at  the  Hague  :  — 

"  We  hold  it  a  principle  not  to  be  denied  that  the 
King  of  Great  Britain  is  a  Monarch  at  Sea  and  on 
land  to  the  full  extent  of  his  dominions.  Hi» 
Majesty  finds  it  necessary  for  his  own  defence  and 
safety  to  re-assume  and  keep  his  ancient  and  un- 
doubted rights  in  the  Dominion  of  the  Seas." 
The  medal  is  reproduced  in  my  book,  '  The 
Herring :  its  Effect  on  the  History  of 
Britain,'  p.  110. 

ARTHUR  MICHAEL  SAMUEL. 

Carlton  Club,  Pall  Mall,  S.W.I. 

2.     KTijfjia  es  dei.     See  Thucydides,  i.  22. 
16.  Though  never  legal  in  England  the  sale 
of    wives    was    not    very    uncommon.     See 
10  S.  ix.  207,  416  ;  x.  118,  237,  276. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 
[MR.  E.  ROLBURN  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

PROCLAMATION  STONES  (12  S.  v.  178, 
221). — At  Winchester  outside  the  old  gate- 
way leading  from  King's  gate  to  the  Cathe- 
dral or  Priory  Close  is  a  block  of  stone  not 
unlike  what  the  Brutus-stone  at  Totnes 
must  have  been  like  in  shape  and  height 
before  it  was  cut  down  to  the  level  of  the- 
oavement.  My  attention  was  recently 
drawn  to  the  stone  by  a  remark  in  Warren's 
*  Guide  to  Winchester  '  :  "  Note  Druidicaf 
stones  near  this  gateway."  I  could  only 
find  one  stone,  however,  which  attracted 
attention  :  a  well  worn,  obviously  ancient 
block,  placed  in  the  pathway  on  the  outer 
south  side  of  the  gateway.  The  material  is 
hard  and  the  upper  surface  bears  evidence 
of  being  worn  more  or  less  flat  by  use  as  a 
seat  or  the  friction  of  boots.  It  may  have 


276 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  OCT.,  1919. 


been  used  on  occasion  as  a  mounting-block, 
but  there  are  no  steps  and  it  is  not  high 
^enough  to  suggest  that  such  was  the  object 
for  which  it  was  originally  placed  just  out- 
side the  gates.  Will  s-ome  local  geologist 
and  antiquary  kindly  explain  the  character 
of  the  stone  and  if  not  an  erratic  block, 
whence  was  it  obtained  ?  I  cannot  find 
that  it  was  noticed  in  the  Transactions  of 
.the  Archaeological  Institute  in  1845,  when  the 
meeting  was  held  at  Winchester.  The  old 
Cheyney  Court  just  inside  the  gateway  was 
from  very  early  times  the  court-house  of 
the  episcopal  jurisdiction  of  the  Soke  of 
Winchester,  and  it  seems  quite  possible  that, 
as  on  the  stones  at  London,  Totnes,  St. 
Austell,  Darlington,  and  possibly  Kingston- 
on-Thames,  it  was  customary  to  read  pro- 
clamations and  judicial  declarations  from 
the  stone  outside  the  Bishop's  gate  and  in 
the  immediate  vicinity  of  the  so-called 
King's  gate.  Can  some  Winchester  anti- 
quary explain.  HUGH  R.  WATKIN. 
Chelston,  Devon. 

JOHN  DURSTON  :  JOHN  DALE  (10  S.  ii.  45, 
116). — At  the  last  reference  H.  C.  makes 
William  Longford  succeed  Durst  on  in  the 
Wykehamical  prebend  of  Bursalis  in,  Chiches- 
ter  Cathedral,  but  according  to  the  Rev. 
George  Hennessy's  researches  published  in 
his  '  Chichester  Diocesan  Clergy  Lists,' 
Durston  was  succeeded  by  John  Dale,  M.A., 
in  1556,  John  Dale  by  William  Haward,  M.A., 
in  1558,  and  William  Haward  by  William 
Longford  in  1560.  William  Haward  was 
Vicar  of  Cowfold  in  1559-60  and  was 
succeeded  in  1575.  John  Dale  is  mentioned 
in  the  list  at  the  end  of  the  '  Concertatis 
Ecclesise.'  He  is  probably  the  Fellow  of 
Queen's  College,  Cambridge,  who  took  the 
degree  of  M.A.  in  1545,  and  was  Rector  of 
St.  Margaret's,  Fish  Street,  London,  of 
which  living  he  was  deprived  early  in  Queen 
Elizabeth's  reign.  His  name  occurs  also  in 
S.P.  Dom.  Add.  Elz.,  xi.  45,  and  in  Sander's 
list  in  the  '  De  Visit  ili  Monarchia.' 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

"BUFFALOES"  (12  S.  v.  237). — A  few 
years  ago  I  was  a  brother  in  the  R.A.O.B.  and 
was  advanced  to  the  degree  of  Primo 
(i.e.,  Master  of  the  Lodge),  and  ultimately 
I  became  a  founder  of  a  lodge,  viz.,  the 
Richard  Brinsley  Sheridan,  under  the  banner 
of  the  Grand  Lodge  of  England.  There  is 
nothing  really  mysterious  about  the  R.A.O.B. 
beyond  the  signs  and  passwords.  The  order 
was  founded  by  R.  B.  Sheridan  and  other  of 
the  Drury  Lane  actors  at  the  Harp  Tavern, 


facing  the  theatre,  in  17 — .  They  met  for 
the  purposes  of  conviviality  and  charity  in 
the  guise  of  a  mimic  freemasonry.  They 
claimed  among  the  founders  Noah,  hence 
the  antediluvian,  and  Nimrod,  "  a  great  and 
mighty  hunter  before  the  Lord,"  in  memory 
of  whom  a  pair  of  buffalo  horns  ornamented 
the  lodge  room.  For  the  moment  I  forget 
the  original  name  of  the  order,  but  after  a 
time  it  was  dropped,  and  the  name  of  their 
emblem  was  adopted.  The  order  is  now 
split  into  different  sections,  each  called  a 
banner. 

CHRISTIAN  E.  P.  GROTH,  M.A.(Camb.). 
Research  Laboratories, 

1  Richmond  Buildings,  Dean  Street,  Wl. 

LOUISA  SPELT  LEWEEZER  (12  S.  v.  237).— 
Another  example  of  a  quaint  spelling  of  the 
name  Louisa  can  be  seen  in  the  churchyard 
of  Selsley  (Stroud,  Glos.),  where  a  lady  is 
buried  who  died  Oct.  7,  1870,  aged  70  years, 
named  Lueazer. 

JOHN  WATSON-TAYLOR. 
Wellington  Club,  Grosvenor  Place,  S.W.I. 

I  have  never  seen  Leweezer,  but  the 
abbreviation  "  Weezer  "  may  be  found  in 
'  Concerning  Teddy,'  by  Mrs.  Murray  Hick- 
son  (Mrs.  S.  A.  P.  Kitcat,  wife  of  the 
Gloucestershire  cricketer) — one  of  the  best 
books  about  a  boy  that  I  know — published 
by  James  Bowden,  1897.  But  this  Louisa  or 
Weezer  was  only  a  doll.  G.  H.  WHITE. 

23  Weighton  Road,  Anerley. 

ST.  JOHN  BAPTIST  HEADS  (12  S.  v.  209).— 
As  St.  Catherine  was  the  patron  saint  of 
maidens  and  St.  Dorothy  of  brides  they  are 
not  unfitly  paired.  Again,  St.  Catherine  and 
St.  Margaret  were  both  regarded  as  specially 
helpful  in  time  of  trouble,  St.  Margaret 
particularly  so  in  the  period  of  childbirth. 
The  third  couple  is  more  puzzling,  but  I 
would  venture  to  suggest  that  as  St.  Dorothy 
is  the  patron  saint  of  brides  and  St.  Mary 
Magdalene  stands  for  the  contemplative  life, 
to  which  nuns  vow  themselves  as  "  brides 
of  Christ,"  it  may  be  intended  to  signify 
marriage  in  a  terrestrial  and  in  a  spiritual 
sense. 

As  for  their  connexion  with  the  Baptist 
all  these  women  are  said  to  have  been  im- 
prisoned and  beheaded.  An  additional 
reason  for  inserting  St.  Mary  Magdalene 
may  have  been  that  she  is  often  depicted  in 
mediaeval  art  as  a  penitent  in  the  wilderness. 
There  are  also  traditions  to  the  effect  that 
St.  James  the  Great,  St.  Christopher  and 
St.  Antony  the  Hermit  suffered  death  by 
decapitation.  T.  PERCY  ARMSTRONG. 


12  S.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


277 


NEWTON,  R.A.  (12  S.  v.  236).— Consult 
Algernon  Graves's  book,  '  Royal  Academy 
Exhibitors,  1769-1904,'  where  many  portraits 
exhibited  in  the  Royal  Academy  are  recorded ; 
also  engravings  after  G.  S.  Newton  in  Print 
Room  of  British  Museum. 

E.  E.  LEGGATT. 

MARTIN  (12  S.  v.  236).— (10)  Samuel 
Martin.  Probably  only  son  of  Col.  Sam. 
Martin  of  the  island  of  Antigua  by  his  first 
wife  Frances  Yeamans.  Born  Sept.  1,  1714  ; 
of  the  Inner  Temple,  1747  ;  M.P.  for  Camel- 
ford  and  Hastings,  Joint  Secretary  to 
Treasury,  fought  a  duel  with  John  Wilkes, 
1763  ;  Treasurer  to  the  Princess  of  Wales, 
resided  at  84  Pall  Mall  and  Marshalswick, 
St.  Albans,  and  died  bachelor,  Nov.  20,  1788  ; 
buried  and  M.I.  at  Great  Canford,  Dorset  ; 
will  [551  Calvert]. 

V.  L.  OLIVER,  F.S.A. 

Sunninghill. 

Can  any  of  the  Martins  have  been  of  the 
family  of  Martins  of  Hemingstone  Hall, 
Ipswich  ?  M.A.OxoN. 

"  APOCHROMATIC  "  (12  S.  v.  209,  250).— 
F.  DE  H.  L.  has  misunderstood  my  query. 
There  is  not  much  doubt  as  to  the  quantity 
of  the  second  o  in  the  word  ;  it  is  the  first  o 
that  I  queried,  and  was  surprised  to  find  it 
marked  long  in  '  Lloyd's  Dictionary '  ;  in 
most  other  compounds  of  apo-  the  o  is  short. 

J.  A.  S. 

METAL  MORTARS  (12  S.  v.  209,  250).— If 
MR.  J.  W.  SWITHINBANK  refers  to  The 
Pharmaceutical  Journal  of  about  three  years 
ago  he  will  find  some  interesting  notes  and 
descriptions  of  mortars.  At  my  instance  a 
description  was  inserted  of  the  important 
example  found  at  Hyde  Abbey,  and  now 
in  the  Winchester  Museum.  No  doubt  the 
editor  of  the  Journal  will  give  the  references. 

W.    H.    QUARRELL. 

Burlington  Fine  Arts  Club,  17  Savile  Row,  W.I. 

JOHN  WILSON,  BOOKSELLER  (12  S.  v.  237). 
—In  partial  reply  to  MR.  CHRISTOPHER 
MORLEY  I  find  in  The  Globe,  on  Jan.  23,  1911, 
the  following  paragraph  :  — 

"  Mr.  Dobson  says  :  '  The  late  Mr.  John  Wilson, 
bookseller,  once  of  93  Great  Russell  Street,  and 
afterwards  of  12  King  William  Street,  Strand, 
informed  me  not  long  before  his  death  that  he 
made  them  up  as  a  motto  for  one  of  his  second- 
hand catalogues,  where  I  think  1  saw  them.  He 
was  amused  at  the  vogue  they  eventually  obtained.' 
No  doubt  many  of  the  vogueists  will  be  surprised, 
if  not  amused,  by  the  revelation." 

I  venture  very  respectfully  to  differ  from 
so  learned  a  writer  as  Mr.  Austin  Dobson,  in 


consequence  of  my  finding  Mr.  Alexander 
Ireland  in  his  charming  book,  '  Thef  Book- 
Lover's  Enchiridion,'  has  placed  the  quota- 
tion as  follows  (I  give  his  spelling  and 
punctuation)  :  — 

O  for  a   Booke  and   a  shadie  nooke,   eyther  in-a^ 

doore  or  out ; 
With  the  grene  leaves  whisp'ring  overhede  or  the 

Streete  cryes  all  about. 
Where  1  maie  Reade  all  at  my  ease,  both  of  the 

Newe  and  Olde  ; 
For  a  jollie  goode  Booke  whereon  to  looke,  is  better 

to  me  than  Golde. 

as  '  An  Old  English  Song '  at  a  period 
between  1592-1670,  and  I  do  not  think  that 
such  a  careful  compiler  and  author  as  Mr~ 
Alexander  Ireland  would  have  given  a 
quotation  in  this  particular  period  without/ 
due  investigation,  especially  as  he  tells  us 
in  his  preface  (June,  1888)  that  he  was  fifty 
years  making  his  collection  of  quotations, 
and  his  object  "  has  been  to  present  in- 
chronological  order,  a  selection  of  the  best 
thoughts  of  the  greatest  and  wisest  minds- 
on  the  subject  of  books." 

He  would  doubtless  have  made  an. 
alteration  "  in  the  chronological  order  "  had 
it  been  necessary  after  his  first  edition,, 
published  in  1882,  or  his  second  (or  third) 
edition  of  4,000  copies,  or  again  in  1887, 
when  a  further  new  edition  (of  5,000  copies) 
was  issued. 

Had  this  quotation  been  original  to  such 
a  recent  writer  as  Mr.  John  Wilson  the 
bookseller,  Mr.  Alexander  Ireland  would 
have  found  it  out  and  rectified  his  first  or 
subsequent  edition,  and  placed  the  quotation 
at  a  much  later  period  than  about  1590-1670. 

I  might  mention  incidentally  that  many 
years  ago  I  adopted  the  full  quotation  in 
connection  with  my  book-plate,  which  I  still 
use,  and  which  is  much  liked  by  my  friends. 
OSCAR  BERRY,  F.C.A.,  C.C. 

Monument  Square,  E.G. 

MRS.  SUSAN  CROMWELL  (12  S.  v.  232).— 
The  late  Sir  Bernard  Burke,  in  his  '  The  Rise 
of  Great  Families,'  stated  as  follows  : 
"  Oliver  Cromwell's  last  male  descendant 
was  Oliver  Cromwell,  an  attorney,  the  son  of 
a  grocer  on  Snow  Hill."  He,  therefore,  was 
the  brother  of  Mrs.  Susan — in  modern  sense, 
Miss  Susan — Cromwell,  mentioned  above. 
HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

Loxley  House,  Maybury  Hill,  Woking. 

MASTER  GUNNER  (12  S.  v.  153,  212).— A 
letter  from  Fra.  Coningesbye,  June  28,  1637, 
to  Capt.  Collins  states  that :  — 
"  the    Master    Gunner    William     Elldreade    had 
complained  that  he  was  enjovnde  to  watch  and 
warde.    He  did  not  think  that  a  Master  Gunner  ie  • 
to  pass  uppon  the  dutye  of  a  common  souldier 


278 


NOTES  ANI>  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  OCT.,  1919. 


•spicially  being  an  able,  and  a  deserving  man  in  his 
quallytye,  and  an  oulde  man,  and  suggests  that  if 
there  be  convenience  for  him  he  should  reside 
within  the  fort  and  be  ready  upon  all  alarums." 

Capt.  Collins  was  in  charge  of  Mote's 
Bulwark,  Dover. 

Lieut. -Col.  Francis  Coningsby  was  ap- 
pointed Commissary  General  of  all  the  castles 
and  fortifications  in  England  by  Charles  I., 
Jan.  22,  1636. 

William  Eldred,  sixty  years  master  gunner, 
Dover,  published  '  The  Gunner's  Glasse,' 


London,   1646. 


R.  J.  FYNMORE. 


A  tablet,  which  was  in  Woolwich  Church, 
in  memory  of  Capt.  Leake,  Master  Gunner 
of  England,  is  mentioned  at  8  S.  ii.  249,  313. 
He  appears  to  have  died  in  1696. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

CHURCH  OF  ENGLAND  MARRIAGE  SERVICE 
(12  S.  v.  208,  242).— The  point  of  my  inquiry 
has  been  missed.  Of  course  I  knew  that  the 
service  in  question  begins  with  "  Dearly 
beloved  "  and  ends  with  "  amazement."  I 
wished  to  know  if  the  sarcasm  on  marriage 
founded  on  this  were  a  current  witticism,  or 
an  invention  of  Scott's.  It  seemed  to  me 
probable  that  Hardy's  use  of  it  was  suggested 
by  the  passage  in  '  The  Fortunes  of  Nigel.' 


Lerwick. 


JOHN  WILLCOCK. 


MARY  CLARKE  OF  NEW  YORK  :  VASSALL 
(12  S.  v.  236).— In  Archer's  'Monumental 
Inscriptions  of  the  British  AVest  Indies,' 
under  '  Jamaica,'  there  is  this  inscription  : 
11  Here  lies  interr'd  the  body  of  Florentius, 
son  of  Florentius  Vassal,  Esq.  Born, 
April  18,  1732,  departed  this  life  May  29 
following."  B.M. — black  marble  ?  Arms  : 
In  chief,  the  sun  in  splendour,  and  in  base 
an  uncovered  cup.  Crest  over  an  esquire's 
helmet,  a  three-masted  ship  with  sails  furled 
(a  kind  of  lymphad).  See  '  Pedigree  of 
Vassals  of  Vassal  of  Milford.'  But  I  cannot 
find  any  information  about  Richard  Vassall 
nor  of  his  wife  Mary  Clarke.  M.A.OxoN. 

She  was  daughter  of  Thomas  Clarke  of 
New  York  ;  married  first  Richard  Vassall, 
son  of  Florentius  Vassall  of  Jamaica  ;  he 
was  born  1733,  died  1795.  She  afterwards 
married  (July  18,  1796),  at  St.  George's, 
Hanover  Square,  Sir  Gilbert  Affleck,  bart.,  of 
Dalham  Hall,  Suffolk,  and  died  1835.  For 
fuller  information  re  the  Vassall  family  see 
Graves  and  Cronin's  '  History  of  the  Works 
of  Sir  Joshua  Reynolds,'  pp.  1427-8. 
Reynolds  painted  her  portrait,  now  owned 
by  Lord  Normanton  at  Somerley. 
ifej  HARRY  P.  POLLARD. 


BOWSHOT:  THE  LONGEST  (12  S.  v.  180, 
220). — Shakespeare's  evidence  is  of  interest. 
In  Justice  Shallow's  reminiscences  of  old 
Double  we  are  presumably  told  what  was 
considered  to  be  a  good  performance  in 
Shakespeare's  own  day  :  — 

"Jesu,  JPSU,  dead  !  a'  drew  a  good  bow;  and 
dead  !  a'  shot  a  fine  shoot :  John  a  Gaunt  loved 
him  well,  and  betted  much  money  on  his  head. 
Dead  !  a'  would  have  clapped  i"  the  clout  at  twelve 
score  ;  and  carried  you  a  forehand  shaft  a  fourteen 
and  fourteen  and  a  half,  that  if  would  have  done  a 
man's  heart  good  to  see." — '2  Henry  IV.'  III.,  ii. 

Old  Double  could  hit  the  mark  at  240  yards, 
and   send   an   arrow   a   distance   of   280    or 


290    vards. 


EDWARD  BENSLY. 


Oudle  Cottage,  Much  Hadham,  Herts. 

"  WHEN  YOU  DIE  OF  OLD  AGE  I  SHALL 
QUAKE  FOR  FEAR"  (12  S.  v.  235).— I  came 
across  this  proverb  a  few  years  ago  in  a 
slightly  different  form,  in  a  small  village  in 
Staffordshire.  The  vicar  of  the  parish  was 
visiting  some  parishioners,  and  we  saw  two 
women,  each  with  a  baby,  sitting  together 
on  the  grass.  "  They  were  both  born  the 
same  day,"  one  of  them  said,  and  added  : 
"  When  one  dies  of  old  age  the  other  will 
quake  for  fear."  I  presume  it  is  a  fairly 
prevalent  saying.  J.  FOSTER  PALMER. 

'  THE  MOAT  ISLAND  '  (12  S.  v.  238).— This 
is  one  of  a  set  of  coloured  engravings  of 
Windsor  Great  Park  ( I  have  a  set).  They 
were  designs  by  Paul  Sandby  for  beautifying 
the  park.  The  others  are":  c  The  Lodge,' 
'  The  Great  Bridge,'  '  The  Lake/  l  Belvedere 
Tower,'  '  Grotto,'  &c.  I  have  seen  small 
engravings  of  some  of  them. 

MRS.  COPE. 
Finchampstead  Place,  Berkshire. 

GENERAL  WILLIAM  HAVILAND  (12  S. 
ii.  250). — Peter  Haviland's  commission  as 
lieutenant  in  Sir  Henry  Goring's  31st  Foot 
in  Ireland  was  renewed  by  George  I.  on 
June  1,  1715.  He  was  made  captain  - 
lieutenant  Aug.  1,  1727,  and  was  captain  of 
a  company  therein,  June  20,  O.S.  1735,  till 
he  "  quits  "  Apr.  1,  1744.  He  was  first 
made  lieutenant  in  July,  1714.  It  is  pro- 
bable that  his  regiment  would  be  split  up 
into  detachments  of  one  or  two  companies 
each,  and  quartered  in  different  parts  of  the 
country.  His  son  William's  name  appears 
in  a  "  List  of  Gents,  humbly  recommended 
to  his  Majesty  by  Lord  Cat  heart,  for 
lieutenants  in  the  American  Troops,"  1739. 
Among  the  "  Names  of  Gents,  carrying 
Arms,"  with  the  "  Date  of  Service  and 
Character,"  is  :  "  Wm.  Havaland,  a  pretty 
young  gent.,  has  carried  arms  in  Col.  Handy- 


128.  V.  OCT.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


279 


side's  Regt.  seven  years  ;  his  Father  is  Capt. 
in  the  same  Regt.  Recommended  by  Col. 
Blakeney."  William  Haviland  was  after- 
wards promoted  to  captain  in  Blakeney's 
27th  Foot,  Sept.  7,  1742;  major,  May  24, 
1751  ;  lieutenant-colonel  thereof  Dec.  16, 
1752,  until  he  was  made  colonel-commandant 
of  the  3rd  Battalion  of  the  60th  or  Royal 
American  Regt.  of  Foot  in  America,  Dec.  9, 
1760,  which  he  held  till  it  was  disbanded  at 
the  Peace  of  1763.  He  was  made  local 
"  colonel  in  N.  America  only,"  Jan.  9,  1758  ; 
was  on  half -pay  1763-7,  and  was  colonel  of 
the  45th  Foot,  June  1,  1767,  till  he  died 
Sept.  16,  1784,  set.  67,  having  become  major- 
general,  July  10,  1763,  lieutenant-general, 
May  25,  1772,  and  general,  Feb.  19,  1783. 
W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

EXCHANGE  OF  SOULS  IN  FICTION  (12  S. 
v.  124,  191,  246).— In  'Tales  from  Black- 
wood,'  vol.  ii.,  is  a  story  called  '  The  Metem- 
psychosis,' by  Dr.  Robert  Macnish.  The 
date  of  its  publication  in  Blackwood's 
Magazine  is  given  as  May,  1826.  Two 
students  in  the  College  of  Gottingen  exchange 
their  souls,  or  rather  their  bodies,  for  the 
spirit  of  each  is  unchanged.  The  inter- 
mediary is  apparently  the,  or  a,  fiend,  in 
the  shape  of  "  a  little,  meagre,  brown-faced, 
elderly  gentleman,  with  hooked  nose  and 
chin,  a  long,  well-powdered  queue,  and  a 
wooden  leg,"  whose  contract  the  one  student 
has  signed  deliberately,  the  other  carelessly, 

t  having  read  what  he  was  signing. 

ROBERT  PIEBPOINT. 

RALPH  GRIFFITH  (12  S.  v.  236). — I  would 
refer  MR.  A.  WILLIAMS  to  George  Paston's 
'  Sidelights  on  the  Georgian  Period,'  1902 
(Methuen  &  Co.).  Article:  The  Monthly 
Review,  pp.  145-66,  where  he  will  find  a  great 
deal  of  interesting  information. 

J.  PAUL  DE  CASTRO. 

ROBERTSON  (12  S.  v.  208,  249).  —This 
miniaturist  married  Christian,  daughter  of 
Thomas  Jaffray.  Some  miniatures  of  the 
Jaffray  family  are  in  possession  of  Harriet, 
Lady  Cope  ,  who  inherited  them  from  her 
ancestors.  MRS.  COPE. 

FINKLE  STREET  (12  S.  v.  69,  109).— 
There  is  a  Fenkle  or  Finkle  Street  in 
Newcastle-on-Tyne,  and  one  in  Stockton- 
an-Tees,  co.  Durham.  Streets  with  the 
some  name  occur  in  Carlisle  and  Workington 
Cumberland,  in  Kendal,  Westmorland,  in 
Knaresborough,  Yorks,  in  Barton  -  on  - 
Humber,  Lines,  &c.  All  these  streets  are 
crooked  or  have  corners  in  them.  The  wore 


comes  from  the  Danish  virikel  or  vinkle,  an, 
angle  or  corner.  Finchale  Priory,  co.  Dur- 
ham, is  situated  in  an  angle  or  bend  of  the 
river  Wear. 

The  Rev.  Joseph  Hunter  in  his  '  South 
Yorkshire,'  vol.  ii.  (1831),  p.  329,  in  speaking 
of  Wortley  by  Tankersley,  says  : — 

"  The  little  hamlets  in  Wortley,  all  of  ancient 
oundation  are Finkel-street," 

and  then  adds  :  — 

kThe  name  of  Finkle  street  is  found  in  other 
mrts  of  the  county  [York  ].  Finkel  is  Fennel.  But 
t  seems  hard  to  explain  how  that  plant  should 
jrive  name  to  a  village,  and  harder  still  to  account 
ror  its  union  with  the  word  street  in  more  instances 
;han  one.  while  it  is  not  found  in  union  with  any  of 

e  usual  local  termimals." 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

One  would  expect  Winkel  (shop)  Street  to 
be  a  common  name  on  the  east  and  south 
coasts  frequented  by  the  Dutch. 

J.  K. 

"  AS  JOLLY  AS  SANDBOYS  "  (12  S.   V.    180) 

— The  '  N.E.D.'  defines  "  sandboys  "  as 
"  a  boy  who  hawks  sand  for  sale."  In  John 
Bee's  '  Dictionary  of  the  Turf,'  sandboy 
is  given  as  "  all  rags  and  all  happiness  ;  the 
urchins  who  drive  the  sand  laden  neddies 
through  our  streets,  are  envied  by  the  capon- 
eating  turtle-loving  epicures  of  these  cities." 
"  As  jolly  as  a  sandboy  "  designates  a  merry 
fellow  who  has  tasted  a  drop." 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

The  offering  for  sale  of  sandbags  of  the 
shape  and  size  described  has  been  familiar 
to  me  for  very  many  years  in  inland  counties, 
but  it  was  only  one  with  other  articles 
carried  by  general  hawkers,  often  in  vans  ; 
and  the  use  to  which  the  sandbags,  usually 
in  green  or  red  baize,  were  put  was  to  lay  on 
window  ledges  and  frames,  or  along  doors, 
to  stop  draught.  W.  B.  H. 

"SCORES"  (12  S.  v.  122,  165,  194).— 
J.  R.  H.  will  be  sure  to  find  an  explanation 
current  in  St.  Andrew's,  where  a  seaward 
street,  a  level  one,  is  so  called.  There  are 
steps  enough  at  the  end  of  it,  viz.,  the  famous 
archery  butts.  J.  K. 

BIRTH  AND  BARTH  PLACE-NAMES  (12  S. 
v.  238). — The  name  Bartham,  co.  Suffolk, 
occurs  in  a  document  (8  Eliz.)  referred  to  by 
Copinger  ('  Suffolk  Records  and  MSS.,' 
i.  120).  Copinger  also  states  that  Barton  in 
Suffolk  is  sometimes  spelt  Berthon.  Possibly 
one  of  these  names  may  have  been  contracted 
into  Barth.  M.  E.  CORNFORD,  Librarian. 

William  Salt  Library,  Stafford. 


280 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12S.V.  OCT.,  1919. 


tftt 

Epigraphy :    an  Introduction  to  the  Study 

of  Latin  Inscriptions.      By    Sir  J.  E.    Sandys. 

50  Illustrations.    (Cambridge  University  Press, 

12«.  6d.  net.) 

CLASSICAL  students  in  this  country  are  under  a 
great  debt  of  gratitude  to  Sir  John  Sandys  for  the 
production  of  a  really  excellent  manual  of  Latin 
Epigraphy.  That  it  is  the  first  book  on  the  subject 
to  be  published  in  England  does  not  surprise  us ; 
for  there  are  still  not  a  few  lacunae,  in  this  and 
kindred  subjects  yet  unfilled.  The  fact  must  be 
admitted  that  our  classical  scholars  have  not  been 
hitherto  attracted  by  the  work  of  the  compiler,  by 
the  patient  spade  work  to  which  the  Teuton  and 
his  slavish  imitator  the  American  so  willingly 
devote  their  labour.  The  peculiar  strength  of  our 
native  scholarship  lies  in  power  of  selection  and 
proportion  ;  and  nowhere  is  this  faculty  better 
illustrated  than  in  the  book  before  us.  There 
exist  in  Germany  and  in  France  considerable 
manuals  of  Latin  Epigraphy  ;  works,  that  is,  of 
considerable  bulk,  of  considerable  merit  in  point 
of  learning  ;  but,  as  Sir  John  Sandys  is  careful  to 
point  out,  their  method  is  in  the  true  sense  of  the 
word  preposterous.  The  information  which  is  of 
real  importance  gives  place  to  arid  discussions  on 
the  cursus  honorum  and  such  like,  at  the  best  it 
is  relegated  to  the  appendix.  It  is  precisely  in 
arrangement  that  the  value  of  the  present  work 
consists.  Sir  John  Sandys  with  a  just  sense  of 
proportion  has  reversed  the  customary  order,  and 
has  given  to  what  is  of  vital  interest  the  bulk  of 
his  book.  For  in  a  text  book  of  Epigraphy  the 
inscription,  its  history,  its  style,  its  form  is  of  chief 
importance,  and  to  this  the  main  chapters  are 
devoted.  Academic  discussions  of  the  forms  of 
Roman  names,  of  the  cursus  honorum  are  here 
removed  from  their  place  of  honour,  and  are  found, 
conveniently  compressed,  in  an  appendix.  This 
is  as  it  should  be  ;  for  after  all  the  whole  is  greater 
than  the  part. 

The  lucidity  with  which  the  information  is 
imparted  is  not  less  admirable  than  the  arrange- 
ment. It  is  a  forte  of  the  author  of  the  History  of 
Scholarship  to  pass  in  review  a  quantity  of  facts 
without  loss  of  grip  or  perspective.  This  feat  he 
has  accomplished  in  his  latest  work  ;  for  it  is  a 
considerable  feat  to  compress  the  essentials  of  such 
a  subject  into  little  more  than  three  hundred  octavo 
pages.  The  student  of  Roman  history  to  whom 
the  study  of  Roman  Epigraphy  is  of  special 
importance  will  find  the  famous  Ancyra  inscription 
here  set  forth  not  only  in  full,  but  with  useful 
commentary  ;  and  the  casual  reader,  now  perhaps 
a  little  rusty  in  his  classics,  will  lay  down  the 
book  with  a  new  insight  into  the  genius  of  the 
people  who  made  of  the  conciseness  of  their 
language  a  means  of  incomparable  expression. 

The    Natural    History    of    the    Child.     By    Dr. 

Courtenay  Dunn.     (Sampson  Low,  Marston  & 

Co.,  7s.  Gd.  net.) 

WITH  a  modesty  that  disarms  criticism  the 
author  in  his  preface  declares  that  this  is  "a 
history  of  childhood  which  for  the  greater  part 
has  been  grubbed  up  from  ancient  and  scarce 
books,  obscure  pamphlets  and  papers."  That 
our  own  columns  have  been  useful  to  Dr.  Dunn 
both  his  own  pen  and  the  pages  of  the  book  itself 


testify.  Gleanings  from  all  the  ages  and  al 
climes,  unconsidered  trifles  as  well  as  mor< 
weighty  material,  bearing  on  the  child,  his  name 
his  environment,  his  language,  schooling,  play 
religion,  and  afflictions  are  gathered  here.  Or 
a  typical  page  successive  paragraphs  introduce 
such  subjects  as  herrings  in  the  reign  o! 
Edward  III.,  salmon  in  apprentices'  indentures 
the  denial  of  potatoes  to  their  children  b} 
Puritans,  and  the  prohibition  of  horseflesh  03 
the  Pope  in  the  eighth  century.  The  reader's 
mental  agility  is  somewhat  severely  tested  ir 
leaping  thus  from  one  illustration  to  another,  bul 
continuous  perusal  of  such  juvenilia  is  nol 
required.  As  a  storehouse  of  information  it  wil 
be  found  interesting  both  to  the  historian  and  thf 
child  lover  ;  the  author  has  also  earned  the 
gratitude  of  the  raconteur,  who  will  find  mud 
that  is  worth  remembering  noted  here.  Man 3 
instances  of  curious  nomenclature  are  recorded 
in  the  chapter  headed  '  His  Names,'  to  which  we 
would  add  another  nineteenth-century  instance 
The  parents,  who  were  well  known  in  officia 
circles,  decided  to  call  their  children  after  the 
twelve  foundation  stones  (Rev.  xxi.  19,  20.' 
Beryl,  Jasper,  Amethyst,  Jacinth,  and  Emerald 
were  all  known  to  the  writer,  but  no  more  childrer 
were  born  to  complete  the  list. 

"  The     Child     She    Bare."       By    a     Foundling 

(Headley  Bros.,  3s.  Qd.  net.) 

SIMULTANEOUSLY  with  Dr.  Dunn's  book  we  have 
received  '"The  Child  She  Bare."'  It  does  not 
belong  to  the  class  of  book  in  which  we  should 
expect  our  readers  to  be  interested,  but  much  oi 
it  bears  so  appositely  on  the  volume  to  which  we 
have  been  referring  that  we  take  the  opportunity 
f  mentioning  its  publication. 


to 


WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privately, 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  answers 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  query; 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  value 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  means  oi 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addressed 
to  "  The  Editor  of  *  Notes  and  Queries'  "  —  Adver- 
tisements and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  Pub- 
lishers "—at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings,  Chancerj 
Lane,  E.C.4. 

C.  E.  STRATTON  (Boston,  Mass.).  —  Both  for- 
warded. 

BALL'S  BRIDGE,  MR.  V.  L.  OLIVER,  E.  F.  S. 
(Edinburgh),  and  "  TOUCHET."—  Forwarded. 

CORRIGBNDA.—  Ante,  p.  194,  col.  1,  1.  8,  foi 
"nardvaik,"  &c.,  read  aardvaik  (Orycteropui 
capensis).—P.  233,  col.  2,  1.  23  from  foot,  for  '  *  ures  " 
read  pres—  P.  235,  col.  1,  1.  8  from  foot,  for  "  West 
weston  "  read  Westmeston. 


NOTES    AND    QUERIES. 

The    Subscription   to  NOTES     AND  QUERIES,  fr« 
by  post,  is:— 

Three  Months  3s.     Od. 

Six  Months      .  5s.      9d, 

Twelve  Months  Us.     Od. 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


281 


LONDON,  NOVEMBER,  1919 


CONTENTS.— No.  98. 

NOTES  :— The  Anglo-French  'De  Sanctis,'  281— Fielding  as 
a  Publicist,  283-The  Moores  of  Egham.  234— Waltham- 
stow's  Historic  Manor  House.  286— "Tribion"-"  Spido- 
metre  "—Lamb  at  East  India  House,  287— The  State  Coach 
—A  Threatened  River  Bed— Jenner  Statue  at  Boulogne- 
Louis  XVIII.  :  Monument  at  Calais— "A  little  garden 
little  Jowett  made."  288 — Superphosphate  —  Quarry- 
men's  Terms— Double  Christian  Names,  289. 

QUERIES  :— Hamilton,  289— "Toponymies"— Dumb  Ani- 
mals —  H.  Washington  —  '  Hints  to  Freshmen ' —  "  Ney  " 
— Rev.  T.  Aubrey,  290— John  Bell — Blackstone  :  the 
Regicide— All^yne  or  Allen— John  Norcross— Four  Royal 
Rivers  of  Scotland-  Patrick  Brady— Author  of  Anthem 
Wanted— Cantrell  Family—'  Cobden  :  a  Bagman  '—"Peter- 
loo,"  291— 'Adeste  Fideles'— Missing  Register  Wanted— 
H.  Nepean— Melkart's  Statue  —  Marazion— Ensign  Oliver 
Cromwell  —  Three  Cripples  —  Alexander  —  S .  Hopkins  : 
D.  Michell :  T.  Cotesmore,  292— Arms  on  Stone  Entabla- 
ture—T.  Baillie— J.  W.  Fletcher— Wilson  of  Westmorland 
and  Cumberland  —  Unfinished  Law  Case  —  Crusaders' 
Names— Army  Officers'  Obituary — Pseudonyms— Daggle 
Mop,  298— Church  Briefs— T.  Greenwell— Pannag— Rome- 
land—  Simco's'Monuments— Boyer  Family— Royal  Grooms 
— W.  Cope— Capt.  R.  Boyle— Slang  Terms,  294— Fremland 
and  Gunpowder  Plot—'4  Xit "—  Bell  Tavern,  Bristol- 
Translations  Wanted  —  J.  J.  Kleinschmidt  —  "  Now 
Then  !  "— G.  Shepherd—  Gavelacre  :  Place  -n  ame— David 
Powell  —Authors  of  Quotations  Wanted,  295. 

REPLIES  :— Strange  Tale  of  a  Princess,  296— John  Wilson 
—New  College,  Oxford— Thames  Tunnels,  297— Capt.  B. 
Grant— References  Wanted,  298—'  Village  Blacksmith  '— 
'  Tragedy  of  Nero,'  299— Lucien  Bonaparte—"  Dish  "  in 
Latin,  300— Discoveries  in  Coins— G.  Dyer— Piano  f.egs  in 
Trousers— Elephant :  Oliphant,  301— "Old  Lady  of  Thread- 
needle  Street  "—Emerson's  'English  Traits '— Astertion 
Flowers— Bluecoat  Schools— Brassey  Family,  302—'  Tom 
Jones  ' — Tobacco  Pipes — "  As  dead  as  a  door-nail,"  303 — 
Hedgehogs— Hampshire  Church  Bells.  304— Old  Watch- 
makers— R.  S.  Surtees  — Two  Popes— Tombstone  Inscrip- 
tion—Marriages, 305— Exchange  of  Souls  in  Fiction- 
Portraits  on  Gravestones  —  Blackwell  Hall  Factor — 
Lumber  Troop— Richard  Hooker's  Bust— Hervey— Shake- 
speare and  the  Garden — '  Quentin  Durward  ' — President 
Wilson's  Ancestors,  306— Ralph  Griffiths,  307. 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :— '  Spoken  and  Written  English  '— 
'  A  Concise  Guide  to  the  Town  and  University  of  Cam- 
bridge.' 

Booksellers'  Catalogues.        Notices  to  Correspondents. 


THE  ANGLO-FRENCH  'DE  SANCTIS/ 

IT  does  not  appear  to  have  been  generally 
noticed  that  the  Anglo-French  list  of  saints 
and  their  burial  places,  preserved  as  the 
last  item  in  the  miscellaneous  matter  bound 
up  with  the  Breviate  of  Doomsday  and 
printed  in  the  Rolls  edition  of  Gaimar's 
*  Estoire  des  Engleis  '  (vol.  i.  Introduction), 
is  in  part  a  version  of  a  much  earlier  list 
originally  compiled  in  Anglo-Saxon  about 
1030  and  translated  into  Latin  before  1085  ; 
both  of  these  were  published  by  Lieber- 
mann  in  1889  under  the  title  '  Die  Heiligen 
Englands,'  the  Anglo-Saxon  from  two 
MSS.,  the  Latin  from  a  British  Museum  MS. 
(Cotton  Vitellius  A.  2  f3-5  =  V.)  with  variants 


from  two  others  and  from  a  version  pre- 
served by  Leland  in  his  *  De  Rebus  Britain.' 
(ed.  Hearne  III.  80). 

The  Anglo-French  text,  as  it  stands, 
belongs  to  the  fourteenth  century,  but 
cursory  examination  shows  that  it  is  not 
all  of  one  date  in  origin.  The  introduction 
in  verse,  "  Ci  sunt  les  mervailes  dites,"  is 
due  to  the  writer  of  the  MS.  before  us  -and 
to  him  is  probably  due  the  introduction  of 
the  prose  miracle  of  St.  Cradoc,  which  is 
inserted  between  the  list  proper  and  the 
next  section  of  the  treatise — the  description 
of  Britain  deriving  from  Henry  of  Hun- 
tingdon's history  (Lib.  I.  §§  4,  5,  7).  The 
main  body  of  the  text  is  much  earlier  in 
origin,  and  seems  to  have  been  put  together 
in  its  present  form  in  the  first  half  of  the 
thirteenth  century,  the  most  recent  date 
being  the  mention  of  St.  Hugh,  Bishop  of 
Lincoln  ;  there  is,  however,  a  distinct  trace 
of  an  earlier  form  compiled  about  the 
middle  of  the  twelfth  century  by  a  writer 
living  in  the  south  of  England.  From  the 
initial  entry  of  the  list  proper — "  St.  Alban 
fust  li  premir  martir  si  fust  posez  en 
Lingecestre " — down  to  the  entry  con- 
cerning St.  Osith  and  Aylesbury  we  have 
a  fairly  close  version  of  the  earlier  De 
Sanctis  interspersed  with  a  few  additions, 
either  augmenting  the  list  or  supplementing 
existing  statements.  Of  the  first  class  are 
the  entries  relating  to  Glastonbury,  Ciren- 
cester  and  Aylesbury  ;  of  the  second  are 
the  addition  of'Caricius  (?=Faricius,  abbot 
of  Abingdon,  d.  1117)  in  the  entry  referring 
to  Abingdon  and  the  re -arrangement  of  the 
entries  relative  to  Winchester.  The  latest 
date  in  this  part  is  that  given  by  the  men- 
tion of  Thomas  a  Becket,  but  it  is  not 
improbable  that  the  list  was  put  into  French 
some  twenty  or  thirty  years  earlier  as  the 
next  latest  reference  is,  apart  from  Caricius 
(v.  supra),  to  Anselm  (d.  1109).  This  early 
draft  seems  to  have  found  its  way,  either 
original  or  in  copy,  to  a  more  northerly 
home  where  about  a  dozen  more  names  were 
added — the  entries  from  St.  Oswi  e  St. 
Oswine  en  Tinemue  to  St.  Bethothe  en 
Copland — probably,  as  they  are  in  no  sort 
of  order,  in  one  batch. 

The  question  next  arises  whether  the 
source  of  the  first  draft  is  the  Anglo-Saxon 
or  the  Latin  version  of  the  De  Sanctis. 
The  evidence,  though  not  very  conclusive, 
suggests  that  a  Latin  text,  not  identical 
with  V.  nor,  seemingly,  with  those  cited 
in  the  variants  in  Liebermann's  edition, 
was  used  by  the  translator.  In  support  of 
this  view  the  following  points  may  be 


282 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  XOV.,  1919. 


submitted,  the  paragraphs  being  those  of 
Liebermann's  edition : 

f  8.  Our  text  agreeing  with  V.  has  St. 
Ethelred  li  roys  instead  of  Ethered. 

§  13.  Our  text  agreeing  with  the  A.-S. 
and  Latin  other  than  V.  has  Ethelb[u]rth. 

§  16.  Our  text  has  St.Winstan  in  place  of 
the  correct  Wigstan,  the  reading  deriving 
apparently  from  the  same  tradition  as  the 
Wihstan  of  Leland's  transcript. 

§  27.  Our  text  has  St.  Pancred — e  St. 
Berefrid  in  place  of  the  correct  St.  Thancred 
— e  St.  Herefrid  ;  the  first  error  is  not  found 
in  V.  but  does  occur  in  another  MS.  (Arundel 
74  f.  10),  the  second  occurs  only  in  V. 

Reference  to  the  earlier  De  Sanctis 
enables  us  to  elucidate  a  number  of  rather 
obscure  names  in  the  Anglo-French  version 
as  the  following  examples  will  show. 

8  2.  Lingecestre= St.  Albans  :  this  mistake 
is  due  to  the  omission  of  the  initial  W.  in  the 
Anglo-Saxon  name  Wsetlingaceaster,  a  mis- 
take more  likely  to  occur  in  a  Latin  than  in 
an  English  MS.  ;  the  scribe  reading  "  .... 
locum  qui  vocatur  setlingaceaster  "  ren- 
dered it  by  "  en  Lingecestre,"  just  as  in 
§  6  he  translated  "....quod  vocatur  aet 
Hryopan  "  by  "en  Ripon." 

§3.  "  Sur  Lewetan,"  as  it  is  printed  in 
the  Rolls  edition,  is  seen  to  be  "  sur  Fewe 
Tau  (R.  Tay)  "  =  "  iuxta  amnem  qui  vocatur 
Tau." 

§  10.  "  Croilan.de  entre  plus  sur  ewes," 
the  latter  part  of  which  is  hardly  sense,  is 
probably,  in  view  of  the  earlier  text,  to  be 
emended  to  "  C.  en  les  palus  Gireweis"  = 
"  in  mediis  paludibus  [Giriwensis],"  the 
A.-S.  text  having  "  on  middan  Girwan 
fsenne." 

§  24.  "  St.  Nielabe,"  as  he  is  called  in  the 
printed  (R.S.)  text,  is  seen  to  be  "  St. 
Nie  1'abe  "  =  "  St.  Neot  presbyter." 

There  still  remains  one  problem,  of  wider 
interest,  to  be  discussed  :  the  relation 
between  our  list  and  Gaimar's  '  Estoire  des 
Engleis.'  Briefly  stated  the  position  is 
this.  In  vv.  1289—98  Gaimar  in  accordance 
with  the  A.-S.  Chronicle  records  the  death 
and  burial  of  St.  Oswald  ;  in  vv.  2096-122, 
as  a  result  of  a  confusion  between  Oswald 
and  Alfwald,  he  again  relates  the  fate  of 
the  former,  but  there  are  additional  refer- 
ences of  a  general  nature  to  places  in 
possession  of  relics  of  or  otherwise  con- 
nected with  Oswald  which  do  not  appear  in 
the  first  account.  Gross  in  his  dissertation 
(Gaimar :  '  Die  Komposition  seiner  Reim- 
chronik  und  sein  Verhaltnis  zu  den  Quellen.' 
Erlangen,  1902)  is  of  opinion  that  Gaimar 
obtained  this  information  not  by  compiling 


it  himself  from  the  various  biographies  of 
the  saint,  but  by  consulting  a  F hort  list 
similar  to  that  of  the  Breviate  of  Dooms- 
day, where  we  have  the  two  consecutive 
entries :  — 

"St.  Cuthbert  en  Ubeford  prof  de  Tuede  puis 
fust  remue  d'iloc  a  Duralme.  Iloec  gist  tot  entier 
e  la  teste  St.  Oswald  sur  la  peiterine. 

"St.  Oswald  fu  posez  en  Bardeneie,  or  dit  1'om 
k'il  est  en  Nostle.  Mes  li  moigne  de  Burc  dient 
k'ilont  les  mayns  entiers." 

If  we  turn  to  the  source  of  our  Anglo- 
French  list  we  find  only  :  — 

"  §§  4.  5.  Beatus  vem  Cuthbertus  in  loco  qui 
vocatur  Ubbanford — vel  Dunholm— requiescit  iuxta 
amnem  qui  Twiode  vocatur. 

"  Caputque  sancti  Oswaldi  re<jis  ef  martyris  simul 
cum  corpore  beati  Cuthberti  reqnioscit :  bracliitim- 
que  eius  dextrum  in  looo  qui  dieitur  Bcbb«nl'erier, 
corpusque  eiua  reliquum  in  novo  monasterio  apud 
Gleaweceastre." 

Thus  our  translator  has  here  made  a 
deliberate  alteration  after  reference  to  some 
other  source  of  information.  On  the  other 
hand,  if  we  compare  the  expressions  of  our 
list  and  those  used  by  Gaimar,  we  can  hardly 
avoid  the  conclusion  that  there  is  some 
connection.  Thus  cf.  Gaimar,  vv.  1293—4 — 

A  Bardeneie  fud  ported 
La  fud  une  nuit  herberged, 

the  last  line  of  which,  from  the  Durham 
and  Lincoln  MSS.,  is  more  in  harmony 
than  the  reading  of  the  Royal  MS. — "Son 
cors  i  fu  bien  enterre,"  with  the  subsequent 
reference  :  — 

En  fud  ported  a  Bardenaie 
Hoc  le  vindrent  (en)  sevelir 

A  Nostle  co  dient  asquanz 
La  1'enporterent  ses  aman/c. 

(vv.  2108-14.) 

Sur  saint  Cutbert  la  gist  sun  chief 
A  Durelme  est  co  dit  le  brief. 

(vv.   1295-6.) 

A  Duralme  Deu[s]  seit  loed     (Lincoln    MS. 

reading.) 

Sun  chief  entier  est  bien  posed 
Sur  la  peitrine  saint  Cutbert. 

(vv.  2119-21.) 

One  other  possible  point  of  contact  may 
be  mentioned  before  we  continue  the  dis- 
cussion. In  vv.  1374—6  of  his  chronicle 
Gaimar  in  accordance  with  the  A.-S. 
Chronicle  relates  the  death  of  Tuda,  and  as 
a  result  of  the  not  uncommon  confusion 
between  the  A.-S.  "  W."  and  the  Roman 
"P."  buries  him  at  Paggle  instead  of 
Wagele  (=Whalley  ?).  Similarly  in  the 
additions  of  the  second  draft  of  our  text 
we  find  "  St.  Tude  a  Pagle,"  showing  that  the 
compiler  was  using  a  written  source  for  his 
information.  Of  this  connection  there  are 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


283 


three  possible  explanations  :  either  the 
writer  of,  probably,  the  second  draft  had 
access  to  a  copy  of  Gaimar  and  used  it  to 
•correct  just  this  one  entry  relative  to  St. 
Oswald,  which  is  hardly  likely,  or  the 
alteration  was  made  by  the  writer  of  the 
first  draft  which  was  then  used  by  Gaimar 
or  the  list  was  originally  compiled  by  Gaimar 
himself,  a  supposition  which  would  involve 
a  reconsideration  of  the  relations  between 
the  two  drafts  and  their  dates.  As  it 
cannot  be  definitely  established  that  the 
Wagele-Paggle  confusion  is  due  solely  to 
Gaimar  the  second  alternative  is  the  most 
probable  though  in  view  of  the  fact  that 
indications  in  the  text  of  Gaimar,  which 
I  have  not  yet  been  able  to  work  out  in 
detail,  point  to  his  connection  with  the 
south  of  England,  including  among  other 
places  Abingdon,  as  well  as  with  Lincoln- 
shire, the  third  possibility  should  not  be 
•entirely  excluded  at  present. 

Further  investigation  of  the  Latin  ver- 
sions'of  the  De  Sanctis  and  of  similar  com- 
pilations, e.g.,  the  Peterborough  Chronicle 
of  Hugo  Candidus  of  1173,  which,  as  I  am 
unable  to  follow  it  up  at  present,  I  leave 
for  others,  would  probably  lead  to  a  more 
satisfactory  solution  of  the  various  problems 
adumbrated  above  than  I  have  been  able  to 
•offer  from  the  material  at  my  disposal,  and 
to  the  identification  of  one  or  two  of  the 
obscurer  saints  mentioned,  e.gr.,  St.  Bethothe 
•en  Copland.  ALEXANDER  BELL. 

31  Hanover  Square,  Leeds. 


FIELDING  AS  A  PUBLICIST. 

•THE  COFFEE-HOUSE  POLITICIAN.' 

Justice,  Squeezum.  Did  Mother  Bilkum  refuse  to 
•pay  my  demands,  say  you  ? 

Quill.  Yes,  sir ;  she  says  she  does  not  value 
your  worship's  protection  of  a  farthing,  for  that 
•she  can  bribe  two  juries  a  year  to  acquit  her 
in  Hick's  Hall,  for  half  the  money  which  she  hath 
(paid  you  within  these  three  month*.  (Act  II.  so.  i.) 

Sot  more.  Squeezum,  thou  wilt  be  ushered  to 
Tyburn  with  more  pomp  than  Alexander  was 
ushered  into  Babylon.  Justice  never  triumphs  so 
universally  as  at  the  execution  of  one  of  her  own 
officers.  (Act  IV.  sc.  vii.) 

Justice  Worthy.  Let  me  tell  you,  Justice 
Squeezum,  he  is  the  greatest  of  viiiajns>  who  hath 
the  impudence  to  hold  the  sword  of  Justice  while 
he  deserves  its  edge.  By  Heaven,  it  shocks  me  that 
we,  who  boast  as  wholesome  laws  as  any  kingdom 
upon  earth,  should,  by  the  roguery  of  some  of  their 
-executors,  lose  all  their  benefit,  (Act  V. ) 

Thus  wrote  the  young  dramatist,  Henry 
Fielding,  in  one  of  his  earliest  and  most 
;amusing  comedies,  which  was  played  at  the 


Little  Theatre  in  the  Haymarket  in  June, 
1720  (when  Charles  Macklin  first  made  his 
mark),  and  also  in  the  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields 
Theatre  in  the  December  following. 

Let  us  now  do  what  neither  the  play- 
wright nor  the  audiences  were  able  to  do, 
and  (to  borrow  an  expression  from  '  Tom 
Jones')  "peer  into  the  unopened  leaves  of 
Fate "  by  transporting  ourselves  twenty 
years  onwards. 

Late  in  1748  Fielding  entered  upon  the 
duties  of  a  Justice  of  the  Peace  for  the  City 
and  Liberty  of  Westminster ;  early  in 
January,  1749,  he  was  appointed  a  Justice 
for  the  county  of  Middlesex  also  ;  while  in 
the  following  May  his  brethren  for  the  city 
of  Westminster  chose  him  as  their  chairman 
of  Quarter  Sessions. 

By  courteous  permission  of  Montagu 
Sharpe,  Esq.,  chairman  of  the  Middlesex 
Quarter  Sessions  I  have  been  permitted  to 
examine  the  original  '  Quarter-Sessions 
Orders,  1743-1753,'  and  in  the  light  of  the 
sentiments  expressed  in  *  The  Coffee  Hou;e 
Politician,'  there  are  a  few  entries  that  arrest 
the  attention  and  justify  once  again  the 
maxim  that  the  youth  is  oftentimes  father 
to  the  man. 

On  Jan.  11,  12,  13,  1750,  Fielding  pre- 
sided at  the  General  Quarter  Sessions 
"  holden  where  the  Court  of  Exchequer  is 
usually  held  at  Westminster."  From 
Jan.  15-18  he  was  occupied  at  Hick's  Hall ; 
on  the  first  two  days  with  the  trial  of 
prisoners  ;  on  the  17th  with .  Settlement 
appeals,  and  on  the  18th  with  a  business 
meeting  of  the  justices.  It  is  to  the  pro- 
ceedings of  the  last  day  only  that,  for 
present  purposes,  attention  is  drawn.  After 
a  long  and  important  representation  to  the 
judges  at  the  Old  Bailey,  on  matters  of 
practice,  had  been  passed  ;  then, 

"  A  matter  com'ng  on  to  be  debated  concerning 
some  irregularities  alleged  to  have  been  committed 
by  Henry  Broad  head.  Esq.,  in  relation  to  his  office 

of  a  Justice  of  the  Pe<ce  of  this  county Henry 

Fielding,  E?q.,  informing  this  Court  that  he  hath. 
a  further  charge  to  bring  against  Hie  said  Mr. 

Broadhead  by  affidavit  in  writing It  is  ordered 

by  this  Court  that  a  copy  of  such  further  charge 

be  transmitted  to  the  s^id  Mr.  Broadhead,  and 

that  a  committee  of  his  Majesty's  Justices  of  the 
Peace  be  appointed  to  examine  and  consider  of  the 
said  matters.  Whereupon  it  is  recommended  by 

this  Court  unto  Thomas   Lane Henry  Fielding 

and    Walter   Berry,   Esqr.s.,   or    any  three  or 

more  of  them  as  a  committee  to  meet  together  at 
Hick's  Hall  on  the  first  day  of  March to  con- 
sider of  the  matters  comprized  in  the  said  affi- 
davits and  of  what  answer  shall  be  given  thereto 
by  the  said  Mr.  BroKlhnad  who  is  desired  to  be 

present that  he  may  be  heard  touching  the  said 

matters." 


284 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919. 


The  next  entry  relative  to  this  affair 
runs  : — • 

"  By  adjournment  on  the  first  day  of  March,  1749 
[1750].  Upon  consideration  of  several  affidavits 

concerning  some  irregularities  alleged  to  have 

been  committed    by  Henry  Broadhead,    Esq....... 

This  Court  is  of  opinion  that  a  representation  be 
drawn  up  to  the  Lord  High  Chancellor  against 
the  said  Mr.  Broadhead It  is  hereby  recom- 
mended unto  His  Majesty's  Justices  of  the  Peace 

to  wit  Thomas  Lane Henry  Fielding.. ....and 

Walter  Berry  Esquires  to  meet  together  at  Hicks 
Hall  on  the  'fourteenth  day  of  March  to  draw  up 
the  said  representation  to  the  Lord  High  Chan- 
cellor against  the  said  Mr.  Broadhead." 

Then  occur  entries  occasioned  by  Mr.  Broad- 
head  putting  in  no  appearance.  Anxious,  no 
doubt,  to  stave  off  the  day  of  reckoning,  he 
writes  that  he  is  obliged  to  resort  to  Bristol 
for  the  waters  on  the  advice  of  his  physicians. 
He  is  finally  given  a  date  on  which  the 
justices  will  proceed  to  draw  up  their 
representation  whether  he  be  present  or  not. 
It  was  finally  settled  and  signed  on  April  26, 
and  Lord  Hardwicke  appears  to  have 
removed  Broadhead' s  name  from  the  com- 
mission. His  chief  offence  was  a  continued 
practice  of  declining  to  proceed  in  a  prose- 
cution for  felony  unless  the  prosecutor 
paid  him  for  a  warrant  for  arrest  in  cases 
whese  the  prisoner  was  actually  before  the 
Court,  and  had  confessed  to  the  fact. 

Within  less  than  a  year  a  similar  case  was 
considered — at  the  sessions  held  on  Feb.  25, 
26,  27,  28,  1751,  at  Hick's  Hall— Fielding 
being  again  present.  On  the  last  day  a 
very  strong  representation  was  drawn  up 
setting  forth  the  malpractices  of  another 
justice,  Sir  Samuel  Gower.  It  was  sent  -to 
the  Lord  Chancellor,  but  the  knight  could 
not  have  been  removed  from  his  office  for 
his  name  appears  as  a  regular  attendant 
at  the  sessions  for  a  long  time  subsequently. 
His  villanies,  however,  stand  recorded 
against  him  to  this  day,  and  they  were  of  a 
blacker  dye  than  Broadhead' s. 

The  persual  of  these  graphic  records  gives 
rise  to  two  reflections  : — 

1.  Do   they   not   justify  up   to   the   hilt 
Miss  Godden's  remark  that  "  from  the  days 
of  his  first  boyish  satires  to  the  last  energetic 
acts  of  his  life  as  a  London  magistrate,  for 
Fielding  to  see  an  abuse  was  to  set  about 
reforming  it  "  ?  ('  Memoir,'  1910,  p.  61). 

2.  Was   it    disgust   at    Gower   going   un- 
punished that   determined  Fielding  to  ex- 
pose that  class  of  character,  and  have  we 
here  the  original  of  "  Justice  Thrasher  "  in 
'  Amelia '    which    appeared    in    December, 
1751  ?  j.  PAUL  DE  CASTBO. 

1  Essex  Court,  Temple. 


NOTES  FROM  AN  OLD  DIARY: 

THE    MOORES    OF    MILTON     PLACED 
EGHAM,    SURREY. 

THE  accounts  of  this  family  which  have 
appeared  in  the  local  and  county  histories 
are  very  meagre  and  inaccurate.  This,, 
however,  is  not  the  fault  of  the  compilers 
and  historians,  for  though  the  family  was 
an  armigerous  one,  and  was  seated  at 
Egham  for  nearly  150  years,  they  do  not  ap- 
pear in  the  Herald's  '  Visitations.'  Then,  too, 
though  they  were  wealthy  and  prolific,  only 
one  of  them  seems  to  have  taken  any  active 
part  in  public  life.  This  member  is  noticed 
in  the  *  D.N.B.'  under  the  name  of  Robert 
Moor,  and  the  article,  though  short,  contains 
more  than  one  error,  and  is  altogether  mis- 
leading. There  is  another  obstacle,  one 
that  every  genealogist  and  biographer  knows 
to  his  cost.  Like  many  other  families  the 
Moores  had  a  preference  for  one  particular 
Christian  name  ;  in  their  case  it  was  Adrian. 
All  the  accounts  of  the  family  mention  but 
two  of  that  name ;  there  were  at  least  five 
Adrians. 

The  third  Adrian  pre-deceased  his  father, 
who  died  in  1672,  when  the  family  estates 
passed  to  another  Adrian,  whose  son  Adrian 
ignored  his  cousin  and  heir-at-law,  and  left 
Milton  Place  to  a  distant  relative,  William 
Edgell.  Edgell  had  no  son  and  his  daughters 
died  childless  or  unmarried,  so  again  the 
property  passed  to  a  cousin  Richard  Wyatt, 
whose  descendants  added  the  name  of 
Edgell  to  their  own. 

To  the  late  Arthur  Wyatt  Edgell  I  am 
indebted  for  the  sight  of  an  old  diary  kept 
by  the  Robert  Moore  above  mentioned  and 
his  son  Robert.  For  the  most  part  the 
entries  are  merely  records  of  the  births, 
deaths,  baptisms,  and  marriages  of  their 
numerous  progeny,  but  there  are  a  few 
notices  of  current  events,  and  what  is  of 
greater  interest,  many  particulars  of  the 
career  of  the  elder  Robert  hitherto  unknown. 

All  his  entries  are  in  Latin,  as  befits  a 
cleric,  and  from  them  we  learn  that  he  was 
born  at  Antwerp  in  1568,  and  not  at  Holyard, 
Hants,  as  stated  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  As  all  his 
brothers  and  sisters  were  born  in  that  city 
it  is  evident  that  the  family  were  settled 
there.  His  father  was  born  in  1534  at 
Brerport  (sic),  Dorset,  and  married  at 
Antwerp  Katherine  Cobinger  of  Breslau  in 
1562.  The  family  returned  to  England 
about  1574  and  Robert  entered  New  College, 
Oxford,  in  1587,  proceeded  M.A.  in  1595,  and: 
was  ordained  at  Salisbury  the  next  year. 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


285 


His  career  in  the  Church  was  long  and 
prosperous.  He  was  evidently  acquainted 
.with  Bilson,  Bishop  of  Winchester,  who 
made  him  his  domestic  chaplain  in  1597  and 
presented  him  to  the  rectories  of  Milbrooke 
<and  Dipdene  at  the  same  time.  In  1600, 
-not  1597  as  in  the  'D.N.B.,'  he  was  pre- 
sented to  the  well-endowed  rectory  of  West- 
Meon  and  received  permission  to  hold  that 
of  Chilcombe  also.  'Apparently  he  retained 
both  until  his  death  in  1640.  He  preached 
Before  and  was  received  in  audience  by 
King  James  in  1607  and  again  in  1609,  and 
Moore  notes  in  his  diary  the  cordial  nature 
of  his  reception.  In  1613  he  was  installed 
prebendary  of  Winchester,  and  in  the 
following  year  took  his  degree  of  D.D. 
James  appointed  him  a  Court  chaplain  in 
1623,  and  Charles  continued  him  in  that 
office  on  his  succession.  According  to 
Gardiner,  'History  of  England,'  vol.  vii. 
pp.  50-56,  he  was  called  before  the  Commons 
'to  give  evidence  as  to  the  doings  of  Laud 
-and  Neile. 

By  his  first  wife  Constant]' a,  the  daughter 
of  Dr.  Sprint,  he  had  six  children,  of  whom 
a  daughter,  Arnica,  married  Dr.  Twisse,  the 
nephew  of  Bishop  Bilson.  There  is  a  slight 
error  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  account  of  Twisse. 
It  states  that  he  married  the  daughter  of 
Robert  Moor  before  1615  ;  but  she  was  not 
born  until  1602,  and  the  diary  tells  us  that 
the  ceremony  took  place  April  18,  1626,  and 
that  the  lady  was  23. 

By  his  second  wife  Francesca  Loving, 
Moore  had  five  children,  one  of  whom, 
Barbara,  married  Dr.  Edward  Meebkirke, 
another  wealthy  Hampshire  divine. 

In  1640,  being  then  in  his  72nd  year,  Dr. 
Moore  was  evidently  nearing  his  end,  for  his 
son  Robert  takes  up  the  diary  to  record  his 
mother's  death.  It  is  probable  that  he  was 
not  so  good  a  classical  scholar  as  his  father, 
for  after  this  first  entry  the  remainder  are  in 
English.  On  Feb.  20,  1640,  he  writes : 
"  Satcly.  about  9  of  the  clock  in  the  morning 
my  most  deare  and  loving  father  Robert 
Moore  Dtr.  of  Divinity  departed  this  life 
setatis  suse  72  following  my  mother  just  six 
-weeks  to  an  howre. ' '  He  was  buried  at  West  - 
Meon  two  days  later,  and  "  Dr.  John^Harris 
did  preach  his  funeral." 

Nearly  all  the  remaining  entries  by  the 
younger  Robert  are  records  of  the  birth  and 
baptism  of  his  nine  children,  none  of  whom 
seem  to  have  distinguished  themselves.  It 
is,  however,  practically  certain  that  it  was 
his  youngest  daughter  Anne  who  married 
into  the  Edgell  family,  and  became  the 


mother  of  the  William  Edgell  who  inherited 
Milton  Place  in  1750. 

The  date  of  the  death  of  the  younger 
Robert  is  unknown,  but  it  was  after  1657, 
the  date  of  the  last  entry  in  the  diary. 

Dr.  Moore,  in  accordance  with  the  fashion 
of  his  time,  was  fond  of  chronograms,  and 
among  others  we  have  the  familiar  one  on 
the  Duke  of  Buckingham.  There  is  also  a 
reference  to  the  ill-fated  expedition  to  the 
Isle  of  Rhe.  He  also  notes  that  on  Jan.  31, 
1622,  there  were  three  tides  in  the  Thames, 
and  that  the  same  occurrence  took  place  in 
1413  and  1574.  At  7  S.  viii.  348  and  433 
will  be  found  references  to  the  same  subject. 

The  younger  Robert  lived  through  the 
troublous  times  of  the  Civil  War  and  the 
Protectorate  ;  but  there  is  not  a  single 
reference  to  the  public  events  of  that 
stirring  time.  The  family  was  a  Puritan 
one,  but  their  sympathies  do  not  appear 
to  have  led  them  to  take  any  active  part  in 
the  struggle. 

Dr.  Moore  had  an  elder  brother  Adrian, 
a  London  merchant  who  leased  the  manor 
of  Milton  from  C.C.C.,  Oxford.  He  died  in 
161 8, at  his  house  on  Tower  Hill,  and  from  the 
State  Papers  Domestic  we  learn  that  in 
1634  his  widow,  reputed  a  rich  woman, 
refused  to  subscribe  to  the  repairs  of 
St.  Paul's,  the  matter  was  brought  to  the 
notice  of  the  King,  who  "was  greatly  incensed 
and  directed  the  Dean  and  Chapter  not  to 
renew  her  lease  of  the  house  on  Tower  Hill. 
They  were  also  charged  to  register  his  letter 
as  "a  monument  of  her  unthankfulness." 
The  Egham  property  had  descended  to  her 
son  Adrian,  who  died  in  1672.  His  son, 
another  Adrian,  died  before  his  father,  and 
Robert  Moore  the  younger  had  prudently 
christened  his  fourth  and  only  surviving  son 
Adrian.  Family  reasons  also  seem  to  have 
dictated  the  advisability  of  being  on  the  spot 
when  anything  happened,  so  he  left  Hamp- 
shire and  settled  at  Thorpe  Lee,  Egham. 
This  Adrian  was  born  there  in  1654  and 
succeeded  to  Milton  Place  in  1672,  as  already 
mentioned.  He  also  acquired  the  crown 
lease  of  the  manor  of  Egham,  and  married  a 
fortune  of  30,OOOZ.  He  died  in  1740  at 
Milton  Place,  aged  86,  and  not  "  upwards 
of  90,"  as  stated  in  contemporary  obituaries. 
As  a  famous  editor  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  would  have 
observed,  this  is  the  way  centenarians  are 
made.  His  son,  another  Adrian,  followed 
him.  He  was  childless,  and  apparently 
quarrelled  with  his  heir-at-law  Robert  Moore 
of  Hammersmith,  as  he  left  his  estate  to  a 
more  distant  cousin  William  Edgell. 


286 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  s.  v.  NOV., 


It  is  not  often  that  one  comes  across  such  a 
storehouse  of  genealogical  information  as 
this  old  diary,  which,  in  addition  to  the 
items  I  have  referred  to,  gives  particulars 
of  the  proceeding  generation.  It  has  fur- 
nished material  for  a  very  full  pedigree  of  the 
family  from  1534,  but  onTaccount  of  space 
an  outline  only  is  given. 

Robert  Moore  of  "Brerport," 
b.  1534,  ob.  1601. 

I 


Adrian, 

born  Antwerp,  1534, 
ob.  1618. 

Adrian,  ob.  1672. 
Adrian,  ob.  1655. 


Robert,  D.D., 
born  Antwerp,  1565. 
ob.  1640. 

Robert, 
born  1618,  ob.  after  1657. 


Adrian, 
born  1651,  ob.  1740. 

Adrian,  ob.  1749. 


I    I 


Anne=r... Edgell. 
VVm.  Edgell. 
3  daughters. 


A  niece  of  Wm.  Edgell=rRiohd.  Wyatt. 
Edgell  Wyatb  Edgell. 
Richd.  Wyatt  Edgell. 
Arth.  Wyatt  Edgell. 


!  I  I 

2  sons.  daughter.- 

I  might  add  that  the  second  Adrian  of  the 
elder  line  was  a  lunatic. 

FREDERIC  ".TURNER. 


WALTHAMSTOW'S    HISTORIC   MANOR 
HOUSE. 

WALTHAMSTOW,  six  and  a  half  miles  from 
Liverpool  Street  Terminus,  is  normally 
lavishly  served  by  road  and  by  rail.  Every 
good  Londoner  knows  that  it  was  once  part 
of  the  Great  Forest  from  which  it  derives 
its  Anglo-Saxon  name.  Strangers  may  be 
reminded  that  it  lies  between  Chingford  on 
the  north,  Leyton  on  the  south,  and  Wan- 
stead  on  the  east,  among  the  hillocks  and 
undulations  which  border  the  suburban 
bank  of  the  River  Lea  ;  and  it  is  claimed 
that  a  larger  proportion  of  its  denizens  of  all 
classes  derive  from  the  old  Tower  Hamlets 
and  the  ancient  Stepney  Manor  than  any 
other  part  of  the  Outer  Metropolis,  not  even 
excepting  the  townships  and  villages  abutting 
on  the  Great  Eastern  Railway  to  Loughton. 


The  Register  of  the  ancient  St.  Mary's 
Church  only  begins  in  1645,  but  Lysons  is 
careful  to  name  four  persons  who  flourished 
for  upwards  of  a  century. 

The  fifth  monograph  of  the  Walthamstow 
Antiquarian  Society  (only  founded  so  late  as 
1915)  is  devoted  to  Higham  Hall,  now  known 
as  Essex  Hall — the  most  ancient  house  in 
the  parish  of  Walthamstow,  and  in  Eliza- 
bethan days  the  Manor  House  of  Higharn 
Benstead,  given,  it  is  said,  by  the  Virgin 
Queen  to  her  sometime  favourite,  the  Earl 
of  Essex.  It  was  made  famous  again  in  the 
earliest  part  of  the  nineteenth  century  by 
Eliezer  Cogan's  school.  This  remarkable 
Nonconformist  minister,  a  powerful  preacher, 
a  first-rate  Greek  scholar,  and  an  accom- 
plished musician,  for  eight  and  twenty  years 
from  1801  carried  on  the  school,  never  taking 
a  single  day's  holiday  ;  and  he  died  in  1855 
at  the  age  of  93.  As  everybody  ought  to 
know,  Walthamstow  is  rich  in  traditions  of 
old  and  eminent  Nonconformist  educational 
associations  scarcely  less  than  middle-class 
Dissenting  Hackney  close  by.  For  instance, 
the  Rev.  Samuel  Slater,  M.A.,  ejected  from 
the  collegiate  chapel  of  St.  Katharine-by-the- 
Tower,  after  some  wanderings  settled  at 
Walthamstow  and  received  an  official  licence 
from  the  Crown  to  teach  in  his  own  house. 
Doubtless  he  was  the  spiritual  forerunner  of 
Eliezer  Cogan,  who  made  the  remnant  of  the 
old  Hall,  the  Manor  House  of  Higham 
Benstead,  into  a  famous  educational  centre. 

ELIEZER  COGAN. 

The  fifth  monograph  of  the  Walthamstow 
Antiquarian  Society  sets  out  that  Eliezer 
Cogan  was  born  at  Rothwell,in  Northampton- 
shire, in  1762.  He  was  the  son  of  a  doctor, 
John  Cogan,  "  a  Protestant  Dissenter  with 
moderate  Calvinistic  opinions,"  who  had 
made  Eliezer  a  good  Latin  scholar  by  the 
age  of  6.  The  boy  had  a  decided  gift. for 
tongues,  and  though  he  learnt  no  Greek  at 
Samuel  Addington's  Academy  at  Market 
Harborough  and  was  self-taught  in  that 
respect,  Dr.  Blomfield,  Bishop  of  London, 
said  that  "  Cogan  was  the  first  Greek  scholar 
in  England  "  ;  while  Dr.  Parr,  eminent  both 
as  a  Greek  scholar  and  a  Churchman,  "  placed 
Cogan  among  the  first  Greek  scholars  of  his 
time."  Eliezer  was  trained  for  the  ministry 
at  Daventry  Academy,  which  he  entered  in 
1780,  and  he  worked  under  Toller,  Kenrick, 
and  Belsham.  He  became  in  1787  the 
Presbyterian  minister  at  Cirenc ester,  and 
was  soon  recognised  as  one  of  the  most 
learned  Dissenting  pastors  of  his  day. 
However,  in  1790  he^became^a  schoolmaster, 


128.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


2187 


and  after  passing  from  Cirencester  to  Ware, 
Enfield,  and  Cheshunt,  he  settled  in  1801  at 
Walthamstow  as  a  minister  and  a  school- 
master. He  took  Higham  Hall,  and  it  soon 
became  an  important  boarding  school,  with 
a  fins  staff  and  a  remarkably  wide  curricu- 
lum, which  was  supplemented  with  ample 
:spor,';s  and  a  strict  though  undenominational 
training  in  religion.  The  enterprise  was  a 
•great  success  and  Cogan  in  1828  retired  from 
i»ctive  service  with  savings  amounting  to 

ao,oooz. 

DISRAELI'S  SCHOOL. 

At  this  school  were  educated  Disraeli, 
Busk  of  the  Chancery  Bar,  Russell  Gurney, 
/Samuel  Sharpe,  and  many  other  prominent 
men,  including  Paget,  the  remarkable  Thames 
Police  magistrate  =  "  cadi,"  Richard  and 
Harry  Green  of  the  historic  Blackwall 
Yard ,<f Alexander  Ellis,  the  plionetician,  Miss 
Florence  Nightingale's  father,  &c.  Benjamin 
Disraeli,  according  to  his  own  account, 
was  there  for  four  years  from  the  age 
of  13  ;  and  he  says  :  "I  learnt,  or  rather 
'read,  a  great  deal  in  these  years."  Ben- 
jamin's father,  Isaac,  had  made  Cogan' s 
-.acquaintance  accidentally  and  had  been 
attracted  by  him  ;  and  Benjamin  himself 
gives  a  very  flattering  description  of  Cogan 
as  a  teacher.  But  the  comment  of  Disraeli's 
biographer,  Mr.  Monypenny,  is  that :  "In 
later  years  the  memory  of  Higham  Hall 
seems  to  have  absorbed  many  of  the  recol- 
lections both  of  what  preceded  and  what 
followed  on  his  education  "  ;  and  Mr.  Mony- 
penny ventures  to  doubt  whether  Disraeli 
stayed  at  the  Higham  Hall  School  so  long 
as  four  years.  A  story  is  given  that  Disraeli 
accompanied  the  Anglican  pupils  to 
St.  Mary's  Church  instead  of  the  Meeting 
House  in  Marsh  Street  with  which  Cogan, 
then  a  Unitarian,  was  connected.  The 
Anglican  service  being  long  and  the  boys 
generally  very  late  for  their  dinner,  Disraeli 
threw  out  the  suggestion  that  they  had  better 
all  become  Unitarians,  for.  the  term  of  their 
school  life,  at  any  rate.  Cogan  seems  to 
have  had  no  particular  fondness  for  his  very 
self-conscious  pupil.  Mr.  W.  P.  Courtney 
mentions  that  Cogan  used  to  say  "I  don't 
like  D'Israeli :  I  never  could  get  him  to 
understand  the  subjunctive."  Disraeli  often 
revisited  Walthamstow — as  he  did  every 
place  associated  with  his  youth,  his  father's 
vagaries,  and  his  family's  descent — and  he 
loved  to  talk  with  Mrs.  Cogan.  She  seems 
to  have  understood  him  vastly  well  and  to 
have  been  otherwise  a  woman  of  character. 
.JU  one  of  his  visits  he  affectedly  groaned  at  | 


the  boredom  of  "  a  late  dinner  and  dressing 
for    the    opera."     Mrs.    Cogan    ejaculated 
"  Don't  talk  such  nonsense,   Disraeli  ;  you 
know  you  would  not  like  to  live  any  other 
life." 

Cogan  died  at  Higham  Hill  on  June  21, 
1855,  and  was  interred  in  a  vault  in 
the  burial-ground  at  The  Gravel  Pit  Chapel, 
Hackney,  which  contained  his  wife's  remains, 
she  having  died  on  Dec.  1,  1850,  at  the  age 
of  81.  Me. 


"  TBIBION,"  A  FRENCH  NEOLOGISM. — In 
accordance  with  Amphibia  (or  Amphibium) 
a  new  term  in  French  has  just  been  sug- 
gested by  M.  H.  de  Varigny  in  the  '  Journal 
des  Debats  '  du  5  Oct.  1919,  Supplement,  p.  4, 
'  Revue  des  Sciences  '),  where  he  fitly 
observes  :  "  Nous  etions  deja  Amphibies  : 
mais  depuis  la  conquete  de  Fair  nous  voici 
tribions."  May  not  this  new  scientific 
description  of  "  man  "  as  a  tribion  perhaps 
deserve  to  be  admitted  and  added  in  future 
to  the  supplement  volume  of  our  great 
English  Thesaurus  of  the  New  Dictionary 
as  well  ?  H.  K. 

"  SPIDOM^TRE." — In  the  exciting  novel 
of  Pierre  Benoit,  '  Koenigsmark,'  I  note  on 
p.  277  the  word  spidometre,  with  the  evident 
meaning  of  speedometer.  This  is  the  first 
time  I  have  seen  this  curious  French 
neologism.  DE  V.  PAYEN-PAYNE. 

CHARLES  LAMB  AND  HIS  EMPLOYERS  AT 
THE  EAST  INDIA  HOUSE. — In  the  famous 
essay  '  The  Superannuated  Man  '  Lamb 
states  that  his  employers  were  "  the  house 
of  Baldero,  Merryweather,  Bosanquet  & 
Lacy." 

Mr.  N.  L.  Hallward,  in  his  notes  to  the 
edition  of  the  '  Essays  '  published  in  1900, 
states  that  all  the  names  are  fictitious  ;  and 
Mr.  E.  V.  Lucas  in  his  edition  likewise  says 
these  names  were  feigned  ones.  I  have  just 
met  with,  in  an  old  Dublin  Directory 
published  by  W.  Wilson  in  1801,  a  list  of 
the  *  Directors  and  Officers  of  the  East  India 
Company.'  In  this  list  I  find  that  Jacob 
Bosanquet  of  Broxbourn  was  a  director  and 
a  member  of  the  Treasury  Committee. 
Nowy  as  Lamb  was  employed  in  the  accoun- 
tants' department,  he  would  doubtless  have 
direct  intercourse  with  this  director  who 
served  on  the  above  committee. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  Lamb  students 
to  know  that  at  least  one  of  the  names  used 
by  him  was  authentic. 

ARTHUR  W.  WATERS. 


288 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919. 


THE  STATE  COACH. — I  infer  that  in  every 
work  on  carriage  building  and  the  history  of 
horse-drawn  vehicles  this  chariot  is  fully 
described.  Amongst  a  certain  class  of  the 
curious  it  is  always  sought,  and  a  visit  to 
the  royal  mews  ranks  next  to  an  hour  at 
the  waxworks  as  essentials  of  sightseeing. 
This  popular  interest  has  apparently  per- 
fisted  for  many  years.  Before  me  is  a 
broadside  not  dated,  but  about  1838, 
describing  very  fully  "  Her  Majesty's  State 
Coach."  Evidently  it  was  written  and 
printed  for  the  Boyal  servants  to  rell,asthe 
last  line  invites  the  reader  to  "  Enquire  for 
. . .  ."  if  he  desire  to  see  "  The  most  superb 
carriage  Ever  Built."  Sir  Henry  Ellis  copied 
from  a  "  MS.  note  in  K.  G.  III.  copy 
of  Fleetwood's  '  Chron.  Preciosum '  a 
note  of  its  cost.  I  transcribe  from  his 
commonplace  book:  — 

ACCOUNT  OF  THE  EXPENSES  OF  HIS  PRESENT 
MAJESTY'S  STATE  COACH  MADE  IN  THE  YEAR  1762.* 


Coach  maker 

Carver 

Gilder 

Painter 

Laceman 

Chaser 

Harness  maker 

Mercer 

Bit  maker 

Milliner 

Sadler 

Woollen  Draper 

Cover  maker 


£  s. 

d 

1673  15 

0 

2500  0 

0 

933  14 

0 

315  0 

0 

737  10 

7 

665  4 

6 

385  15 

0 

202  5 

10 

99  6 

6 

31  3 

4 

10  16 

0 

4  3 

6 

3  9 

6 

£7,562  3 

9 

This    total   is    £99  13s.  8d.  less  than  the 
cost  detailed  in 'The  Mirror,'  March  7,  1835. 
ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

A  THREATENED  RIVER  BED. — The  follow- 
ing extract  from  a  recent  issue  of  The  Daily 
Chronicle  may  interest  readers  of  *  N.  &  Q.': 

"  A  pleasant  old-world  bit  of  the  West-end  will 
probably  disappear  if  Devonshire  House  is  replaced 
by  a  big  hotel  or  blocks  of  flats— that  brick  wall 
on  the  west  side  of  Berkeley-street,  enclosing  the 
garden  of  Devonshire  House. 

"  At  the  bottom  of  the  garden  is  Lansdowne- 
passage,  the  curious  little  sunken  passageway  which 
runs  from  Berkeley-street  to  Curzon-street,  and 
divides  the  garden  of  Devonshire  House  from  that 
of  Lansdowne  House.  Its  history  as  a  boundary 
dates  from  the  time  when  the  old  Aye  Brook  or 
Tyburn  divided  the  two  properties,  before  winding 
its  way  through  the  meadows  of  Mayfair  towards 
the  Thames.  When  the  stream  was  covered  in  as 
the  King's  Scholars'  Pond  sewer,  the  right-of-way 
of  the  footpath  beside  it  was  preserved  in  Lans- 
downe-pas»age.' ' 

C.  J.  HERSEY. 


JENNER  STATUE  AT  BOULOGNE. — I  re- 
cently copied  the  inscriptions  from  1  he  statue 
of  Edward  Jenner  at  Boulogne-sur-Mer.  The; 
statue  is  of  bronze,  signed '"  E.  Paul,  1858,"" 
and  was  cast  by  A.  Brochon,  of  Paris.  It 
stands  on  a  pedestal  of  stone.  The  inscrip- 
tions are  as  follows  :  — 

Front]  Ce  monument 

a  6te    eleve"   de   concert   par   la   villej  de 

Boulogne-sur-Mer  et  la  Soeiele  des 
Sciences  Industrielles  Arts  efc  Belles-Lettres; 

de  Paris 

en  1'honnenr  de 

EDWARD  JENNER, 

auteur  de  la  de"couverte  de  la  vaccine- 


II  a  e'te'  inaugure'  sonellement  le  ' 

11  Septembre,  1865. 

M.  le  Dr  Livois,  <§tant  Maire  de  Boulogne, 

et  M.  le  Dr  Mi8  du  Planty,  President  de  la* 

Socie^e"  des  Sciences  industrielles. 

Back]  A 

EDWARD  JENNER, 
La  France  Reconnaissance. 
Right]  William  Woodville, 

M6decin  de  1'Hopital  des  Varioleux 

de  Londres  apporta  au  peuple 
Francais  malgre"   l'6tat  de  guerre 
la  d&5ouverte  de  Jenner  et  pratiqua 

les  premieres  inoculations  h, 
Boulogne-sur-Mer  le  27  Prairial 

An  VIII.  (19  Juin,  1800). 

Le  vaccin  recueilli  par  le  Dr 

Nowel  fut  envoye"  k  Paris   ou 

Woodville  1'inocula  de  nouveau  enr 

Therm  idor  suivant. 
The  left  side  of  the  pedestal  is  blank. 

F.  H.  CHEETHAM. 

Louis  XVIII. :  MONUMENT  AT  CALAIS. — 
The  monument  at  Calais,  which  marks  the- 
spot  where  the  French  monarch  landed  iou 
1814,  bears  the  following  inscription  on,  a 
bronze  tablet.  At  the  bottom  of  the  inscrip- 
tion are  the  royal  arms  : — 

Le  24  Avril  1814. 

S.  M.  LOUIS  XVIII. 

D6barqua  vis-a-vis  de  cette  Colonne 

et  fut  enfin  rendue 

k  1 'am our  des  Francais. 

Pour  perpe'tuer  le  pouvenir 

la  ville  de  Calais 

a  e"leve"  ce  monument. 

[Arms.] 

The    column    is   surmounted    by   a   ball. 
Originally  it  bore  a  fleur-de-lys,  but  this  was- 
removed  in  1830.  F  H.  CHEETHAM 

EPIGRAM  :  "A  LITTLE  GARDEN  LITTLE 
JOWETT  MADE." — This  has  been  variously 
attributed  to  William  Lort  Mansel ;  to 
Archdeacon  Wrangham  ;  and  to  Mr.  Horry, 
an  American  (9  S.  vii.  405  ;  viii.  69  ;  10  S. 
vi.  46)  ;  the  '  D.N.B.'  stating,  sub  nom. 
Joseph  Jowett,  that  Wrangham  "  is  believed?. 


12.8.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUEiUES. 


289 


to  haye  written  it  ;  and,  sub  nom.  Francis 
'  Wrangham,  mentioning  "  the  suspicion  thai 
.he  was  the  author."  The  same  authority 
in  common  with  most  references  in  '  N.  &  Q., 
gives  the  penultimate  line  as  :  — 

And  if  you'd  know  the  mind  of  little  Jowett. 

The  Georgian  Era,  vol.  i.  (1832),  says  of 
Lort  Mansel  :  — 

"  He  wrote  a  Latin  epigram  on  Dr.  Jowett's 
improvements  on  a  small  strip  of  land  attachec 
to  his  residence  of  which  the  following  is  a 
translation  "  ; 

giving  the  six  well-known  lines,  the  last  but 
one  being 

And  if  you'd  know  the  taste  of  little  Jowett. 

Wrangham  (1769-1842)  was  a  fine  classica 
scholar,  but  I  do  not  think  he  shone  in 
original  epigram,  though  he  translated  a 
collection  ;  whilst  Mansel  (1753-1820),  in 
his  ant  e-epsic  opal  days  and  before  his 
mastership  of  Trinity,  "  was  generally 
known  as  the  chief  wit  and  mimic  o 
academic  society"  ('D.N.B.');  and  may 
^well  have  perpetrated  the  Jowett  epigram 
circa  1793.  W.  B.  H. 

SUPERPHOSPHATE. — I  saw  this  strange 
epitaph  in  the  churchyard  of  the  City 
-churches,  Aberdeen,  the  other  day  :  — 

"_Sacred  to  the  memory  of  William  Hay,  born 
1815,  died  1894,  parish  and  public  schoolmaster, 
'Tillydesk,  Ellon,  1841  to  1880.  He  introduced  and 
gave  name  to  the  manure  called  superphosphate  in 
(1842. 

J.    M.    BULLOCH. 

QUABBYMEN'S  TERMS. — A  short  time 
back  I  found  a  bill  for  various  qualities  of 
atones  quarried  in  Herefordshire.  All  who 
know  that  beautiful  county  will  appreciate 
the  charm  of  old  stone  houses,  roofs,  and 
walls,  and  some  of  your  readers  may  care  to 
learn  the  names  applied  to  the  different 
classes  of  material  by  the  quarrvmen. 
The  bill  is 

An  account  of  worke  don  from  ye  31  of  July  to  the 

20  of  Sept.,  1701. 
Francis  Haines  for  Hewin. 
Barell  stones  275  cwt. 

Kinderkin  stones     37  cwt. 
Some  stones  180 

Firkin  stones  360 

''Copers  ends  1700 

Ping  630 

'Hogger  hedin  18  doz. 

"Rase!  hedin  34  doz. 

'"Sqr.  bottoms  5  doz. 

Peck  bottoms  3  and  a  half. 

Lockstocks  44  doz. 

Spoks  2  set. 

The  greater  part  of  the  account  is  uu- 
.iortunately  torn  away. 

J.  HARVEY  BLOOM, 


00 
00 
00 
00 
00 

02 
02 
01 
02 
11 

DOUBLE  CHRISTIAN  NAMES. — Double  and 
treble  Christian  names  are  generally  sup- 
posed to  be  late  inventions  (?)  seventeenth 
and  eighteenth  centuries.  In  the  course  of 
indexing  the  Clergy  Lists  of  Sussex,  however, 
we  came  across  a  John  William  Whyttyng, 
who  was  Rector  of  St.  Bartholomew's, 
Egdean  or  Blertham  from  1389  to  1428. 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 


WE  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


HAMILTON.  (See  8  S.  xii.  507.) — Some 
twenty  years  ago,  a  question  was  asked 
in  *  N.  &  Q.'  about  a  lady  by  the  name 
of  Margaret  Hamilton,  who  had  been  in- 
terred in  Fulham  churchyard  and  who, 
according  to  the  inscription  on  her  tomb, 
must  have  died  at  the  advanced  age  of  113 
years.  To  this  date,  the  question  has  been 
left  unanswered.  I  have  some  reasons  to 
believe  that  the  lady  was  the  widow  of 
Henry  Hamilton,  who  was  lieutenant- 
governor  of  Canada  from  1782  to  1785,  and 
died  at  Antigua  in  1796  as  Governor  of  San 
Domingo.  In  the  Canadian  Archives,  there 
is  a  letter  of  Mrs.  Margaret  Hamilton, 
written  from  11  Lower  Sloane  Street, 
Chelsea,  and  dated  September,  1807.  This 
letter  was  addressed  to  Lord  Hillsborough 
praying  him  to  receive  favourably  a  petition 
of  her  daughter,  Margaret  Stuart,  who  asked 
for  a  pension  as  the  widow  of  Francis 
Lemaistre,  former  lieutenant-governor  of 
Gaspe  in  Canada.-  On  the  other  hand,  Sir 
James  Craig,  in  another  letter  accompany- 
ing the  same  petition  of  the  widow  Lemaistre, 
refers  to  her  dependance  upon  an  aged 
mother,  Mrs.  Margaret  Cramahe.  It  appears 
as  if  the  lady  in  question  had  been  married 
three  times  :  — 

1.  To  one  Stuart,  the  father  of  Margaret 
who  married  later  Francis  Lemaistre. 

2.  To  Hector  Theophilus  Cramahe,  who 
was    lieutenant-governor    of    Canada,    from 
1771  to  1782,  and  died  probably  before  1790. 

3.  To  Henry  Hamilton,   also  lieutenant- 
governor     of     Canada     and     successor     to 

ramahe. 

The  inscription  on  the  tomb  in  Fulham 
)hurchyard  says  that  Margaret  Hamilton 
was  born  at  Geneva,  June  2,  1727.  Thi ; 
date  could  easily  apply  to  the  widow 


290 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          ii2».v.Nov.,i9ifc 


Cramahe-Hamilton  as  she  was  represented 
by  Sir  James  Craig  as  very  old  in  1807. 
We  must  also  bear  in  mind  that  Hector 
Theophilus  Cramahe  was  himself  a  Swiss 
by  birth  like  Mrs.  Margaret  Hamilton 
interred  in  Fulham  churchyard.  These 
facts  will  probably  help  in  discovering  the 
identity  of  the  centenarian  Mrs.  Hamilton. 
Any  more  information  about  her  and 
especially  about  her  three  supposed  husbands 
Stuart,  Cramahe,  and  Hamilton  would  be 
most  welcome.  A.  FAUTEUX. 

Montreal. 

"  TOPONYMICS  "  IN  GREAT  BRITAIN. — Can 
any  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  tell  me  where  to 
get  a  complete  list  of  names  derived  from 
localities  in  Great  Britain,  e.g.,  Londoner, 
Oxonian,  Aberdonian,  Dubliner,  &c.  ?  I 
note  Novocastrian  from  Newcastle,  Lincolner 
(once  in  seventeenth  century)  from  Lincoln, 
but  what  is  a  native  of  Edinburgh  called 

-  Edinburgher,  or  Edinburrovian,  or 
Edinburian  ?  Is  a  man  from  Pimlico— 
Pimlicite,  or  from  Soho — Sohoan  ?  I  have 
not  been  able  to  find  any  paragraph  upon 
this  subject  in  '  N.  &  Q.,'  save  only  by 
chance,  such  as  United-States-ian,  Novo- 
castrian. Even  such  names — I  call  them 
toponymies,  cf.  patronymics — in  English 
from  places  and  countries  outside  England 
are  welcome,  if  they  are  not  too  well  known. 
Have  such  formations  as  Sydneyite,  Clap- 
hamite,  Bromstedian  (cf.  Wells'  '  The  New 
Machiavelli '),  a  certain  contemptuous,  or,  in 
some  cases,  academical  meaning  ?  Is  it 
possible  to 'use  "a  Novocastrian"  just  as 
"a  Newcastle  man"  ?  G.  LANGENFELT. 

Upsala,  Sweden. 

DUMB  ANIMALS:  AN  EIGHTEENTH  -  CEN- 
TURY FRIEND. — Against  the  buttress  of  the 
north-west  angle  of  the  church  of  St.  Mary 
at  Wirksworth  in  Derbyshire,  is  a  small 
brass  tablet,  bearing  the  following  quaint 
inscription :  — 

"  Near  this  place  'lies  the  body  of  Philip 
Shallcross,  once  an  Eminent  quill  driver  to  the 
attorneys  of  this  town  ;  he  died  the  17  of  Novr., 
1787 ;  aged  67.  Viewing  Philip  in  a  moral  light, 
the  most  prominent  and  remarkable  features  in  his 
character  were  his  real  and  invincible  attachment 
to  dogs  and  cats,  and  his  unbounded  benevolence 
toward  them  as  well  as  toward  his  fellow  creatures. 

To  the  Critic 

Seek  not  to  shew  the  devious  paths  Phil  trode, 
Nor  draw  his  frailties  from  the  dread  abode  ; 
In  modest  sculpture  let  this  tombstone  tell 
That  much  esteemed  he  liv'd,  and  much  regretted 

Does  any   one  know   of  any  similar  early 
epitaph?  J.  W.  FAWCZTT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 


HENRY  WASHINGTON. — Can  any  reader 
enable  me  to  identify  a  person  of  this  name,, 
whose  autograph  "  Hen.  Washington "  is 
inscribed  on  the  title-page  and  again  on,. 
Speght's  dedicatory  letter  to  Sir  Robert 
Cecil  (afterwards  1st  Earl  of  Salisbury)  in 
the  folio  edition  of  Chaucer's  '  Works,' 
printed  by  Geo.  Bishop  in  1598  ?  Thfr 
volume  has  my  great-grandfather's  book- 
plate in  it.  He  died  in  1811,  and  the  hand- 
writing of  the  previous  owner  may  be  of  the 
late  seventeenth  or  early  eighteenth  century.. 
HERBERT  MAXWELL. 

Monreith. 

'  HINTS  TO  FRESHMEN  IN  THE  UNIVERSITY 
OF  OXFORD  '  :  AUTHOR  WANTED. — My  copy 
of  this  little  pamphlet  (Oxford,  published  by 
J.  Vincent,  1853)  bears  "  Third  edition  "  on, 
the  paper  cover.  It,  contains  the  prefaces 
to  the  first  and  second  editions,  neither  dated, 
but  the  second  consists  almost  wholly  of  a 
letter  professing  to  be  from  "  Frank  Law- 
less," and  dated  "  Mitre  Inn,  Oxford, 
Hilarious  Term,  1846." 

If  all  the   parodies  in  the  third  edition 
appeared  in  the  first,  its  first  appearance  was 
after  1844  ;  see  Parody  VIII.,  beginning  :• — 
'T  is  the  last  weed  of  Hudson's 

Left  lying  alone. 

The  preliminary  note  speaks  of  the  author 
as  graduating  in  1844. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

"NEY":  TERMINAL  TO  SURNAMES,  &c. — 
I  would  be  obliged  for  information  in  regard' 
to  the  meaning  of  the  terminal  "ney"  in 
surnames  and  others,  such  as  Macartney, 
Chasney,  Furney,  Romney,  Stepney  &c.. 
Does  it  not  signify  "native."?  It  is  the- 
origin  and  meaning  of  the  surname  Macart- 
ney that  I  wish  to  clear  up. 

J.  LOVE. 
13  Lauderdale  Street,  Preston. 

REV.  THOMAS  AUBREY.  (See  ante,  p.  200.  ^ 
— His  grave  is  opposite  the  porch  on  south 
side  of  Bredwardine  Church,  and  the  recum- 
bent tombstone  (badly  cracked)  bears  thfr 
following  inscription  :  — 

"Reader  observe  here  under  neatb  doth  lye  one 
that  [  was  once  Rector  of  Brobury  i  Vicar  of  Bred- 
wardine and  if  |  you  trace  |  Hi?  Birth  a  Briton 
but  of  |  Norman  Race  |  Profoundly  learned  and 
I  a  man  of  parts  |  Bred  up  in  Oxford  Mr  |  of  the 
Arts  |  His  name  was  Thomas  |  Aubrey  now  in  the 
dust  |  Waiting  the  Resurrection  i  of  the  Just.  He 
dyed  the  22nd  day  of  May,  1707  |  Aged  59  years." 

In  1681  (1690  according  to  Duiicomb- 
Cooke,  p.  41)  Mr.  Aubrey  came  into  posses- 
sion of  one  moiety  of  the  manor  of  Brobury 
by  transfer  from.  Geo..  Skipp  of  Ledbury 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


291 


Mr.  Savaker  (according  to  Duncomb-Cooke)  ; 
this  appears  to  have  been  sold  before  the 
end  of  the  seventeenth  century,  and  the 
manor  became  part  of  the  Garnons  Estate 
owned  by  Sir  John  Cottrell,  Bart.  I  should 
be  glad  of  any  further  information  about 
this  "  Mr.  of  the  Arts." 

H.  F.  B.  COMPSTON. 
Bredwardine  Vicarage,  Hereford. 

JOHN  BELL.— About  1736,  Elizabeth 
Robinson  married  John  Bell,  described  in 
Dugdale's  '  Visitation  of  Yorkshire  '  (vide 
The  Genealogist,  1903,  vol.  xx.  p.  188)  as 
"  of  Scarborough."  It  was,  perhaps,  his 
granddaughter  who  married  John  Beswick 
of  Gristhorpe  before  1825  (Burke's  'Landed 
Gentry  ').  Is  anything  known  of  John 
Bell,  or  of  his  family  or  descendants  ?  In 
what  parish  of  Scarborough  did  he  live  ? 

B. 

BLACKSTONE  :  THE  REGICIDE. — Is  any- 
thing known  as  to  his  fate  at  the  Restora- 
tion, and  as  to  whether  he  left  any  de- 
scendants ?  Judging  from  the  impression 
of  his  seal  attached  to  the  death  warrant 
he  was  of  the  ancient  Durham  family  of  that 
name.  B. 

ALLEYNE  OR  ALLEN. — I  should  be  grateful 
for  any  information  about  the  following  boys 
of  this  name,  who  were  educated  at  West- 
minster School  : — 

(1)  Thomas,  admitted  1723,  aged  13. 

(2)  Abel,  admitted  1730,  aged  8. 

(3)  Bernard,  admitted  1731,  aged  10. 

(4)  John,  admitted  1715,  aged  13. 

(5)  John,  admitted  1736,  aged  11. 

(6)  John,  admitted  1749,  aged  16. 

(7)  Reynold,  admitted    1715,  aged  15. 

(8)  William,  admitted  in  1775. 

G.  F.  R.  B. 

JOHN  NORCROSS. — In  Swedish-Danish  his- 
tory during  some  years  after  1716  there 
figures  an  English  freebooter  and  captain  in 
the  Swedish  service,  by  name  John  Norcross. 

According  to  his  own  biography,  written 
and  printed  in  Denmark,  1761  and  1786,  he 
was  born  in  1688  ;  his  father  was  George 
Norcross  and  his  mother  a  Rigby.  The 
father  was  at  this  time  with  James  II.  in 
Ireland  and  followed  him  back  to  France. 
The  son,  our  Xorcross,  brought  himself,  as 
he  says,  up  to  a  captain  in  the  English  navy, 
after  many  adventures  in  the  East  Indies, 
&c.  ;  but  had  as  a  Jacobite  to  seek  safety 
in  flight,  and  went  to  Sweden  in  1716, 
where  he  made  himself  a  very  unenviable 
reputation  as  a  captain  and  robber  during 
Carl  XII. 's  war  with  his  many  foes. 


Is  there  anything  written  or  known  in 
England  about  him  before  1716  or  after 
1721,  when  he  seems  to  have  been  with  the 
Jacobites  in  France  ?  Lord  Carteret  speaks 
of  him  as  with  the  Swedish  ambassador 
in  England.  I  shall  be  thankful  for  any 
answer  or  communication  on  the  matter. 
C.  SPRINCHORN,  Dr.  Phil. 

Lund,  Sweden. 

FOUR  ROYAL  RIVERS  OF  SCOTLAND. — 
Which  are  they,  and  why  are  they  called  so  ? 

(Miss)  E.  W.  PATERSON. 
27  Queen's  Crescent,  Maytield,  Edinburgh. 

PATRICK  BRADY. — Could  any  of  your 
readers  give  information  about  the  family 
of  Patrick  Brady,  scholar  of  Trinity  College, 
Dublin  (B.A.,  1796),  whose  son  John  Brady 
was  in  the  Irish  Excise  Office  and  died  in 
London  in  1848  ?  A  brother  or  relative 
of  Patrick  emigrated  to  the  United  States 
about  1820-30,  and' died  at  Albion,  Illinois, 
United  States  about  1860.  The  family  was 
related  to  a  Sir  John  Brady.  Who  was  he  ? 

R.  B.  C.  SHERIDAN. 
Russell  House,  West  Kensington  Gardens. 

AUTHOR  OF  ANTHEM  WANTED. — Who  was 
the  author  of  the  words  of  Farrant  s 
anthem,  "Lord,  for  thy  tender  mercy's  sake, 
lay  not  our  sins  to  our  charge."  In  the 
Cathedral  anthem  book  it  is  merely  headed 
'A  Prayer.'  F.  ARMITAGE. 

Law  Society's  Hall,  Chancery  Lane,  VV.C. 

CANTRELL       FAMILY  :  INFORMATION 

WANTED. — The  Rev.  Thomas  Cantrell,  M.A., 
sometime  Master  of  Derby  Grammar  School, 
who  died  in  1700. 

William  Cantrell,  bookseller,  Derby,  who 
married  the  daughter  of  John  Blackwall 
(son  of  Rev.  Anthony  Backwall  and  his 
second  wife,  Thomas  Cantrell's  widow). 

The  Rev.  William  Cantrell,  b.  1716,  son 
of  Henry  and  grandson  of  Thomas  Cantrell. 

I  should  be  glad  of  any  information  what- 
ever, but  especially  facts  relating  to  their 
ancestors  and  descendants. 

L.  C.  BARRY. 
78  Cherryhinton  Road,  Cambridge. 

'CoBDEN:  A  BAGMAN.' — Was  '  Cobden  : 
a  Bagman  wit^h  a  Calico  Millennium,'  by 
Carlyle,  and,  if  so,  in  which  of  his  works  can 
it  be  found  ?  C.  R.  FAY,  M.A. 

"  PETERLOO." — What  is  the  earliest  use 
of  the  word  "  Peterloo  "  to  denote  the 
tumult  at  St.  Peter's  Fields,  Manchester,  on 
Aug.  16,  1816  ?  C.  R.  FAY,  M.A. 

Christ's  College,  Cambridge. 


'292 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  s.  v.  NOV.,  1919. 


'ADESTE  FIBELES.' — In  Julian's  'Dic- 
tionary of  Hymnology,'  the  date  of  this 
hymn  is  given  as  "  probably  seventeenth  or 
eighteenth  century."  In  Rabelais' s  '  Gar- 
gantua  '  I.  xli.  (c.  1540),  the  monk  is  made 
to  finish  off  a  conversation  with  "  Venite 
apotemus,"  which  seems  more  than  an 
accidental  allusion  to  the  refrain  "  Venite 
adoremus."  Can  any  of  your  readers  throw 
light  on  this  ?  JOHN  MURRAY. 

50  Albemarle  Street,  W.I. 

MISSING  PARISH  REGISTER  WANTED. — 
I  should  be  very  glad  if  any  of  your  readers 
can  tell  me  whether  the  earlier  registers  of 
the  parish  of  Philleigh  in  Cornwall  are  still 
in  existence,  and  if  so  where.  They  have 
none  at  Philleigh  earlier  than  1733.  A 
seventeenth-century  register  seems  to  have 
.been  in  existence  only  fifty  years  ago. 

E.  W.  H.  F. 

HENRY  NEPEAN  OF  LAUNCESTON. — This 
man  married  at  St.  Stephen's,  Launceston. 
Frances  Dodge,  in  1683.  His  will  is  dated 
1739,  and  he  died  the  following  year. 
Tradition  says  that  he  was  born  in  1660. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  help  me  to 
verify  the  place  and  date  of  his  birth  and  to 
trace  his  parentage  ? 

The  name  is  variously  spelt  Napean, 
Nampean,  Nanspian,  &c.,  and  has  been 
found  in  Cornwall  in  1641,  but  only  at  St. 
Keverne,  St.  Just  in  Penwith,  Stythians 
Gerrans  and  Philleigh.  E.  W.  H.  F. 

MELKART'S  STATUE. — Larousse  Diction* 
ary  says,  a  statue  of  Melkart  (the  Tyrian- 
Hercules)  was  transported  from  Carthage 
to  Rome  in  146  to  adorn  the  temple  of 
nations.  Can  any  reader  of  classics  give  me 
historic  reference  or  evidence  of  this  ? 

D.  W.  YOUNG. 

MARAZION. — What  is  the  origin  of  this 
place-name  ?  I  have  heard  that  it  is 
connected  with  the  Jewish  slaves  employed 
by  the  Romans  in  the  neighbouring  tin- 
mines.  J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

Glendora,  Hindhead,  Surrey. 

ENSIGN  OLIVER  CROMWELL. — Can  any 
one  genealogically  find  a  place  for  Oliver 
Cromwell,  gent.,  who  was  made  "  Ensign 
of  that  Company  whereof  William  Drum- 
mond,  Esq.,  is  captain  in  the  room  of  Charles 
Streeke  in  the  Regiment  of  Foot  commanded 
by  Lord  John  Kerr,  Aug.  1,  1727  (Irish  Com. 
Regs.)."  This  was  the  old  31st  Foot 
stationed  in  Ireland  for  many  years  at  that 
period.  This  Oliver  either  died,  or  retired 
soon,  for  Charles  Whitefoord  was  made 


"  Ensn.  to  Capt.  Willm.  Drummond  in  room 
of  Oliver  Cromwel,  Jan.  29,  1728 "  (sic, 
rightly  1728/9).  Who,  again,  was  Cromwell 
Price  who  was  cornet  in  Bowles's  12th 
Dragoons,  May  12,  1728,  till  succeeded  by 
Nicholas  Price,  Jan.  1,  1730/1  ? 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 
Talybont,  Brecon. 

THREE  CRIPPLES,  FIELD  LANE. — Was  this 
an  actual  sign  ( '  Oliver  Twist ' )  ?  There  is  a 
Three  Crutches  near  Gad's  Hill. 

J.  ARDAGH. 

ALEXANDER. — Any    particulars    of 

Alexander,  merchant  in  Athlone,  circa  1750, 
or  his  descendants,  are  required.  He  is  said 
to  have  been  connected  with  the  Pirns. 

J.  ARDAGH. 

49  Nansen  Road,  Lavender  Hill,  S.W.ll. 

STEPHEN  HOPKINS  :  DAVY  MICHELL  : 
THOMAS  COTESMORE. — In  the  course  of 
1569,  during  the  vacancy  of  the  see  of 
Chichester,  Archbishop  Parker  made  a 
metropolitical  visitation  of  the  diocese  by  a 
commissary,  of  which  an  account  is  to  be 
found  in  P.R.O.,  S.P.  Dom.,Eliz.  Ix.  71.  In 
the  course  of  this  account  it  is  stated  that 
these  three  priests  "  are  fostered  in  gentle- 
men's houses,  and  run  between  Sussex  and 
Hampshire,  and  are  hinderers  of  true  religion, 
and  do  not  minister." 

Stephen  Hopkins  was  educated  at  Eton, 
and  at  King's  College,  Cambridge,  of  which 
latter  College  he  was  at  one  time  Vice- 
Provost.  He  took  the  degree  of  M.A.  in 
1539,  and  subsequently  that  of  B.D.  He 
became  Rector  of  West  Wrrotham,  Kent,  in 
1551,  and  of  East  Wrotham  in  1556,  but  was 
deprived  of  these  livings  early  in  Queen 
Elizabeth's  reign  and  committed  to  the 
Fleet.  In  S.P.  Dom.  Add.  Eliz.,  xi.  45,  he 
is  referred  to  thus  :  — 

"  Stephen  Hopkyns,  clerk,  confessor  (as  he  saith) 
to  the  bishop  of  Aquila  [i.e.  Alvaro  de  Quadra, 
Spanish  Ambassador],  and  a  daily  resorter  unto 
him.  He  was  delivered  out  of  the  Fleet  by  the 
Queen's  Majesty's  express  commandment  to  the 
Lord  of  Canterbury." 
Is  it  known  when  he  died  ? 

Is  anything  known  about  Davy  Michell  ? 

Thomas  Cotesmore  was  born  in  Sussex,  and 
was  ordained  acolyte  at  Oxford  in  December, 
1553.  He  was  probably  already  a  priest 
when  he  became  rector  of  Poynings,  Sussex, 
in  1554,  where  he  was  succeeded  after  de- 
privation in  1560.  He  took  the  degree  of 
B.A.  at  Oxford  in  1556,  and  was  at  one  time 
chaplain  to  Thomas,  9th  Earl  De  la  Warr. 
Some  time  after  1569  he  fled  abroad,  but 
returned  to  England  in  1580  and  was 


12  8.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


293 


captured  at  Arundel,  and  imprisoned  at 
Westminster,  in  the  Gatehouse,  July,  1580. 
He  was  still  there  in  April,  1584.  He  pro- 
bably died  in  prison  in  1590.  (Cf.  Chetham 
Society's  Publ.,  vol.  iv.,  pp.  Ixxxi,  Ixxxii.) 
JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

ARMS  ON  STONE  ENTABLATURE. — I  should 
be  very  grateful  if  any  one  could  tell  me  to 
what  Hampshire  family  the  following  arms 
belonged :  Vair,  Crest,  on  a  torse  a  bear's  head 
couped,  helmet  and  mantlings.  In  the  upper 
corners  of  the  stone  are  the  initials  I.  C.  or 
J.  C.  Date  probably  fifteenth  or  sixteenth 
century.  The  property,  Tylney  Hall,  at 
one  time  belonged  to  Earl  Tylney. 

LEONARD  C.  PRICE. 

Essex  Lodge,  Ewell. 

THOMAS  BAILLIE. — I  seek  genealogical 
details  of  the  ancestry  and  marriage  of 
Thomas  Baillie  of  the  East  India  Company's 
Service,  Bengal  Presidency,  who  was  a  cadet 
in  1764,  ensign  in  August,  1766,  captain 
Dec.  4,  1772,  and  died  Feb.  25,  1799  ;  also  of 
Thomas  Baillie,  surgeon,  1793,  in  Ross-shire 
Buffs  (Scotch  Regiment  of  Foot).  He  died 
in  1806.  Also  of  a  Colonel  Thomas  Baillie, 
who  died  in  India  between  1800  and  1825. 
Is  it  possible  that  one  of  them  was  a  son  of 
Thomas  Baillie,  a  collateral  of  Lamington, 
by  his  wife  Miss  Gordon  ? 

JAMES  SETON-ANDERSON. 

4  Temple  Street,  Brighton. 

JOHN  WILLIAM  FLETCHER. — This  per- 
sonage for  a  time  was  at  the  head  of  Lady 
Huntington's  theological  college  at  Trefecca, 
Breconshire,  but  left  on  account  of  his 
Arminian  views.  He  was  on  terms  of 
cordial  intimacy  and  corresponded  with  the 
Wesley s.  Was  he  related  to  the  saintly 
Rev.  John  Fletcher  of  Madeley  ?  Gleaned 
knowledge  will  be  esteemed. 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

WILSON  OF  WESTMORLAND  AND  CUMBER- 
LAND.— Thomas  Wilson,  a  member  of  this 
family,  migrated  to  Ireland  in  1654,  having 
married  Mary  Bewley  of  Woodhal  .  Is  there 
any  pedigree  of  the  family  extant  which 
shows  his  name  ?  He  was  at  Dacre  in 
Cumberland,  apparently,  before  his  migra- 
tion. Was  Joseph  Wilson,  called  to  the 
Irish  Bar,  Hilary  Term,  1792  (B.A.  of 
Trinity  College,  Dublin,  1788),  his  great- 
grandson  ?  Where  can  I  find  information 
regarding  the  Wilson  family  of  Edenderry, 
King's  County,  Ireland  ? 

H.  WILBERFORCE-BELL. 

21  Park  Crescent,  Oxford. 


UNFINISHED  ELEVENTH  -  CENTURY  LAW 
CASE. — In  Sir  Mountstuart  Grant  Duff's 
'  Diary  '  (1889-1891),  vol.  i.,  p.  219,  it  is 
stated  that  Mr.  Elton  told  him  that  he  was 
then  (February,  1890)  engaged  in  a  case  not 
yet  finished  which  had  begun  in  the  days  of 
William  Rufus.  The  question  then  turned 
upon  the  right  to  lands  in  the  county  of 
Durham.  Can  any  one  supply  further 
particulars  ?  LAWRENCE  PHILLIPS. 

Lichfield 

CRUSADERS'  NAMES. — The  query  in  your 
September  issue  (p.  236)  raises  the  hope 
that  some  reader  may  know  if  any  list  exists 
of  those  who  accompanied  Bishop  Peter 
de  Rupibus  of  Winchester  and  Bishop 
William  Briwer  of  Exeter  on  the  Crusade 
during  which  they  were  absent  from  their 
dioceses  for  nearly  five  years,  1228—1233. 
Are  there  any  such  lists  preserved  at  Rome  ? 
HUGH  R.  WATKIN. 

Torquay. 

ARMY  OFFICERS'  OBITUARY,  1727-60: 
MURRAY  :  COLVILLE. — Are  there  any  works 
or  lists  of  monumental  inscriptions,  that 
would  give  any  references  to  army  officers 
who  died  between  the  years  1727  and  1760, 
in  America  or  the  West  Indies,  especially  in 
Jamaica,  during  the  Carthagena  expedition, 
1741-42,  and  subsequent  campaigns  in 
America.  For  instance,  can  any  one  say 
who  was  the  Lord  Edward  Murray  pre- 
sumed to  have  died  in  Jamaica  (query  the 
exact  date)  in  1734  ;  or  give  the  precise  date 
of  death  of  John,  7th  Lord  Colville  during 
the  Carthegena  expedition  of  1741  ? 

W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

PSEUDONYMS. — I  shall  be  glad  if  any  of 

your  readers  can  give  me  the  names  of  •the 

authors  who  have  used  the  following  initials 

and  pseudonyms  :  — 

An  Officer  of  the  Royal  Artillery. — '  From  Sedan 
to  Saarbruck.'     1870. 

H.  S.— '  Ceylon.'     1876. 

A  Russian  Lady. — '  Is  Russia  wrong  ?  '     1877. 

An  Old  Punjaubee. — '  The  Punjaub  and  North- 
West  Frontier  of  India.'     1878. 

Vladimir.—'  The  China- Japan  War.'     1896. 

A    German    Staff    Officer. — '  The    Greco-Turkish 
War  of  1897.'     1898. 

A  Real  Paddy.—'  Real  Life  in  Ireland.'     1904. 

Dragonof. — '  Macedonia  and  the  Reforms.'     1908. 

O.  E. — '  Iron  Times  with  the  Guards.'     1918. 

Bartimeus. — '  Naval   Occasions.'     1918. 

ARCHIBALD    SPARKE. 

DAGGLE  MOP. — In  what  county  in  Eng- 
land is  this  term  given  to  the  last  week  of 
the  annual  village  wake,  to  which  servants 
from  all  parts  of  the  country  come  to  be 
hired  ':  I.  L.  D. 


294 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         12  s.  v.  NOV.,  1919. 


CHURCH  BRIEFS. — Is  there  any  published 
work  dealing  with  church  briefs  ?  Is  there 
any  printed  catalogue  of  the  briefs  in  the 
British  Museum,  or  in  Lambeth  Palace 
Library.  I.  F. 

THOMAS  GREENWELL. — A  person  of  this 
name  is  said  to  have  been  editor  of  "  a  well- 
known  periodical  "  in  the  eighties.  What 
more  is  known  of  him,  and  what  was  the 
name  of  the  periodical  ?  B — D. 

PANNAG. — Can  any  philological  student 
give  the  correct  explanation  of  the  Hebrew 
word  pannag  which  occurs  in  the  Book  of 
Ezekiel  xxvii.  17  ?  E.  S.  B. 

HOMELAND,  ST.  ALBANS. — A  central  por- 
tion of  the  city  of  St.  Albans  is  known  as 
Homeland,  and  a  thoroughfare  running 
through  it  is  described  in  the  local  directory 
as  Homeland  Hill.  When  and  how  did  this 
name  arise  ?  J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

Glendora,  Hindhead,  Surrey. 

SIMCO'S  MIDDLESEX  MONUMENTS. — John 
Simco,  bookseller  and  print  dealer  of  Air 
Street,  had  prepared,  a  large  number  of 
drawings  of  monuments,  inscriptions,  tombs, 
and  mural  tablets  in  the  churches,  &c.,  of 
the  environs  of  London.  P.  Weddell  made 
a  vast  collection  of  pencil  sketches  from 
which  these  drawings  were  elaborated. 
They  occurred  for  sale  at  Sotheby's,  Jan.  17, 
1823,  on  the  realization  of  Simco's  stock, 
and  many  copies  had  been  used  to  extra 
illustrate  Lysons's  'Environs.'  To  col- 
lectors of  London  iconography  they  are 
quite  familiar,  but  I  seek  information  about 
the  publications  which  they  gave  rise  to, 
viz.,  Simco's  '  Middlesex  Monuments.' 
Apparently  this  was  a  quarto,  each  part 
containing  six  plates,  and  only  two  parts 
were  published,  a  remarkable  coincidence 
with  Bowack,  its  earlier  prototype.  The 
Comerford  Library  contained  these  two 
parts  bound  in  one  volume,  which  in  1888 
was  offered  for  sale  by  that  excellent  topo- 
graphical bookseller,  Henry  Gray  then  of  47 
Liecester  Square.  ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 

BOYER  FAMILY.  —  I  should  be  grateful 
for  information  with  regard  to  the  relation- 
ship (if  any)  of  the  following  Boyers  :  — 

1.  Peter  Boyer,  who  came  over  at  the 
Revocation  of  the  Edict  of  Nantes,  was 
naturalised,  and  became  a  distiller  at  King 
Street,  St.  Giles.  His  son,  Abraham,  of  St. 
Botolph's,  Aldgate,  citizen  and  cooper,  was 
father  of  the  Rev.  James  Boyer,  born  1736, 
the  Upper  Master  of  Christ's  Hospital  (1776- 
99).  immortalized  by  Charles  Lamb. 


2.  Peter  Boyer,  minister  of  the  gospel  and 
author  of  '  History  of  Vaudois,'  1692. 

3.  Abel  Boyer  (1667- 1729).    The  '  D.N.B.' 
states  that  he  was  born  at  Castres,  Upper 
Languedoc  ;  that  he  left  France  for  Holland 
with  an  uncle,  a  noted  Huguenot  preacher, 
and  came  to  London  in  1689.     He  translated 
Racine's     '  Iphigenie,'     and     published     a 
'  Dictionnaire   Royal  Fran?ais   et   Anglais ' 
in  1702.     He  died  at  Chelsea  in  1729. 

Was  Peter  Boyer  (2),  the  author  of  the 
'  History  of  the  Vaudois,'  the  uncle  of 
Abel,  and  were  they  (or  either  of  them) 
related  to  Peter  (1),  the  grandfather  of  Rev. 
James  Boyer  ?  J.  R.  H. 

ROYAL  GROOMS. — Will  some  reader  kindly 
tell  me  what  the  difference  was  between 
Valettus  Regis  and  Valettus  Corone  Regis  in 
1431,  or  anything  bearing  on  the  office  of 
these  grooms  of  the  royal  establishment  ? 
J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

WILLIAM  COPE. — He  was  born  before 
1670  in  Ireland  ;  died  1715.  Where  was  he 
educated  ?  MRS.  COPE. 

Finchampstead  Place,  Berks. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  BOYLE:  BRITISH 
PRIVATEER. — At  a  curio-shop  in  a  remote 
provincial  town  I  picked  up  "  Voyages  and 
Adventures  of  Captain  Robert  Boyle,  in 
Several  Parts  of  the  World,  Intermixed 
with  the  Story  of  Mistress  Villars,  an 
English  Lady,  with  whom  he  made  his 
surprising  Escape  from  Barbary.  ..  .De- 
scribing Various  and  Amazing  Turns  of 
Fortune."  Can  any  reader  tell  me  who 
was  really  the  author  or  the  adapter 
of  this  Defoe -like  story  of  a  London 
apprentice-boy  who  became  the  captain  of 
a  privateer  which  roved,  with  astonishing 
profit,  on  both  sides  of  the  Spanish  America, 
in  the  earliest  eighteenth  century  ? 

NOVICE. 

SLANG  TERMS  :  ORIGIN  or.  — In  '  Letters 
from  England,'  Don  Manuel  Alvarez  Estriella 
(London  :  Longman,  Hurst,  Rees  &  Orme, 
Paternoster  Row,  1808),  vol.  i.  p.  220,  the 
author  says  that  the  origin  of  the  term 
*'  please  the  pigs "  is  "  please  the  Pix," 
and  that  the  expressions,  "  the  deuce," 
"the  Lord  Harry,"  "the  living  jingo," 
"  Gor,"  and  "  Goles  "  were  pagan  divinities 
whom  the  early  English  Celts  probably 
worshipped.  Is  this  Spanish  imagination, 
or  was  some  playful  Teuton  pulling  the 
gentleman's  leg  ? 

(Canon)  E.  R.  NEVILL. 
Dunedin,  N.Z. 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


295 


FBEMLAND,  ESSEX,  AND  GUNPOWDER 
PLOT. — In  '  A  History  of  the  Gunpowder 
Plot,'  by  Philip  Sidney,  p.  212,  it  says  : 
"  Baynham  seems  to  have  been  sent  to  Rome 
:as  the  result  of  the  deliberations  of  Garnet, 
Catesby  and  Mounteagle,  when  meeting 
together  at  Fremland  (Essex)  in  July, 
1605."  Where  is  Fremland,  Essex  ? 

G.  H.  W. 

"XiT":  WHO  WAS  HE? — Mr.  Austin 
Knight  sketched  a  statue  of  him  in  1918  at 
the  "Hollands,"  Langton,  near  Tunbridge 
Wells.  There  is  another  image  similar  at 
Felixstowe  ;  also,  there  was  a  third  sold  at 
an  auction  sale,  I  believe,  in  Lewes  in  1918. 
Any  information  beyond  this  I  should 
greatly  appreciate.  W.  WILLS  CLINTON. 
126  Inchmery  Road,  Catford,  S.E.6. 

BELL  TAVERN,  BROAD  STREET,  BRISTOL. — 
'  Bristol,  Past  and  Present,'  says  it  was 
built  in  1569  by  John  Willis,  the  Chamber- 
lain, and  Latimer  records  that  it  was 
accidentally  burnt  down  in  1672.  Other 
particulars  would  be  thankfully  received. 
The  exact  site  is  specially  desired. 

WM.  SANIGAR. 
205  Avon  Vale  Road,  Barton  Hill,  Bristol. 

"TRANSLATIONS  WANTED. — Where  can  I 
obtain  reliable  translations  of  the  following  ? 
«  Book  of  Adam n  ;  '  Book  of  Enoch '  ; 
*  Secrets  of  Enoch '  ;  '  Great  Announce- 
ment,' Simon  Magus;  'Strometeis,'  Cle- 
mens Alexandrinus  ;  Writings  of  Philo, 
Origen,  Irenaeus,  Papias,  Eusebius. 

J.  SHAKESPEAR,  Lieut. -Col. 

14  Alexandra  Court,  Maida  Vale,  W.9. 

J.  J.  KLEINSCHMIDT. — I  have  several 
engravings  by  this  engraver.  Who  was  he  ? 
They  contain  in  one  or  two  cases  some 
writing  in  what  is  apparently  old  German, 
and  appear  to  be  at  least  two  hundred  years 
old.  H.  W.  B. 

"Now  THEN  !  "—What  is  the  earliest 
known  case  of  these  two  adverbs  being  used 
together  in  the  sense  which  they  now  bear  ? 

H.  W.  B. 

GEORGE  SHEPHERD  appears  to  have 
belonged  to  a  family  of  artists  who  did  topo- 
graphical work.  There  are  many  water 
colours  of  old  London  buildings  executed 
by  him  during  the  earlier  years  of  the 
nineteenth  century  (about  1800-30),  and 
they  are  good  records.  Thomas  Hosmer 
Shepherd  did  a  vast  number  of  topographical 
•drawings  of  a  similar  kind  between,  say,  1820 
and  1855,  some  of  them  are  in  the  Grace 


Collection,  B.M.  Were  they  father  and  son  ? 
Perhaps  some  reader  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  could 
kindly  tell  me.  Redgrave's  'Dictionary  of 
Artists  of  the  English  School '  throws  no  light 
on  the  subject.  George's  surname  is  occa- 
sionally spelt  Shepheard.  PHILIP  NORMAN. 

GAVELACRE  :  PLACE-NAME.— Can  any  of 
your  correspondents  kindly  help  me  in  the 
following  matter  ? 

I  have  some  property  in  Hampshire,  on 
the  river  Test,  part  of  which  (including  the 
house)  is  called  Gavelacre.  What  is  the 
meaning  and  origin  of  this  name,  which 
dates  back  to  mediaeval  times  ?  It  has 
of  late  frequently  been  transformed  into 
Gravelacre,  but  this  is  an  obvious  corruption. 
All  the  old  documents  spell  it  Gavelacre,  and 
a  large  shallow  on  Bransbury  Common,  just 
below  my  land,  is  locally  called  Galacro 
Shallow. 

Could  the  name  have  any  connexion  with 
the  law  of  Gavelkind — which,  however, 
does  not  prevail  in,  Hampshire — or  with 
"  gavel,"  an  old  name  for  an  auctioneer's 
hammer  ?  .  I  should  be  grateful  for  any 
suggestion.  R.  K.  HODGSON. 

War  thill,  Aberdeenshire. 

DAVID  POWELL.  (See  10  S.  x.  125.) — Who 
was  the  David  Powell,  an  English  priest  at 
Brussels,  who  was  in  receipt  of  121  florins 
a  year  from  Philip  II.  about  1575  ?  See 
'  Messager  des  Sciences  Historiques  '  (Gand, 
1865),  p.  286  note. 

JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. — 

1.  Can  any  one  kindly  tell  me  where  the  words 
quoted  below  are  to  be  found?    I  believe  they  are 
by  Rossetti,  but  cannot  find  them  in  my  edition 
of  his  works. 

If  you  were  April's  lady. 
And  I  were  Lord  in  May, 
We  'd  throw  for  Spring  with  flow'rs, 
If  you  were  April's  lady, 
Arid  I  were  Lord  in  May. 
Bath.  C.  LINCOLN. 

2.  Know'st  thou  not  their    language    and  their 
ways?  ROLAND  AUSTIN. 

Gloucester  Public  Library. 

3.  Thoreau  concludes  chap.  viii.  of  Walden  ( *  The 
Village')    with    this    passage    between    quotation 
marks  : 

"  You  who  govern  public  affairs,  what  need  have 
you  to  employ  punishments  ?  Love  virtue,  and  the 
people  will  be  virtuous.  The  virtues  of  a  superior 
man  are  like  the  wind  tlie  virtues  of  a  common 
man  are  like  the  grass ;  the  grass,  when  the  wind 
passes  over  it,  bends." 

Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me  the  author  ? 

F.  PAGE. 


296 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  Nov.,  1919. 


COORG   STATE: 
STRANGE     TALE    OF  A    PRINCESS. 

(12  S.  v.  264.) 

THE  history  of  this  princess  is  very  interesting 
and  well  authenticated.  The  account  quoted 
by  the  querist  is  incorrect  in  many  important 
details,  and  the  only  mystery  in  the  case 
was  the  fate  of  Col.  C. 

Princess  Gouramma,  daughter  of  the 
ex-Rajah  of  Coorg,  who  was  born  in  1841, 
had  been  adopted,  in  accordance  with  her 
father's  earnest  wishes,  by  Queen  Victoria 
and  placed  by  her  under  the  charge  of  Mrs. 
Drummond,  who,  however,  in  a  few  years' 
time  found  she  did  not  like  the  responsibility 
and  begged  to  be  relieved- 

Sir  Charles  Phipps,  Queen  Victoria's 
Comptroller  of  the  Household,  then  applied 
to  my  mother,  the  late  Lady  Arthur  Lennox, 
to  know  whether  she  would  undertake  to 
replace  her,  and  in  August  and  September 
of  the  year  1852  the  Rajah  came  to  see  her 
several  times  in  Hans  Place,  first  of  all  with 
a  Mr.  Ramsay  and  afterwards  with  his 
interpreter,  and  he  also  brought  the  little 
princess  to  see  us.  I  have  a  distinct  recol 
lection  of  her  ;  we  were  all  charmed  with  her 
and  thought  her  very  pretty.  Her  mother 
was  of  Circassian  descent  and  she  had  in- 
herited her  looks.  She  was  in  Indian  dress 
and  had  on  many  jewels,  chiefly  pearls,- and 
a  bracelet  given  by  Queen  Victoria.  I  have  a 
little  picture  of  her  in  full  dress. 

My  mother  wisely  thought  the  responsi 
bility  too  great  as  she  had  a  young  family  o1 
her  own  and  refused  the  offer,  greatly  to 
the  disappointment  of  myself  and  sisters. 

Lady  Login,  one  of  the  old  Scotch  family — 
the  Campbells  of  Kinloch — and  wife  of  the 
well-known  Sir  John  Login  of  Indian  fame 
then  undertook  the  charge,  greatly  to 
Queen  Victoria's  satisfaction,  and  to  the 
happiness  and  welfare  of  the  little  princess 
Queen  Victoria  always  took  the  greatesl 
interest  in  her  and  was  anxious  that  she 
should  marry  the  late  Dhuleep  Singh  ;  but 
although  this  did  not  meet  with  his  ideas, 
he  helped  to  promote  her  marriage  with  his 
friend  Col.  Campbell,  Lady  Login's  brother, 
which  marriage  took  place  in  1860.  Col. 
Campbell  was  a  handsome  man,  and  very 
popular  and  the  union  was  quite  the  reverse 
of  "  unhappy,"  the  only  drawback  being  the 
princess's  health  ;  she  was  always  delicate 


>nd  her  short-term  of  happiness  ended  in, 
1864,  when  she  died  of  consumption  at  the 
age  of  23.  Their  daughter  never  "  dis- 
appeared "  and  was  not  "  secretly  mur- 
dered." In  obedience  to  her  dying  mother's^ 
ast  request,  which  met  with  the  full  approval' 
of  Queen  Victoria,  she  was  brought  up  by 
Lady  Login,  and  in  1882,  when  she  was  21, 
she  married  Capt.  H.  G.  Yardley.  I  know 
nothing  further  about  her  and  have  of  tea 
wished  that  I  did. 

The  mystery  about  Col.  Campbell  was  as 
'ollows :  Less  than  three  years  after  his 
wife's  death  he  left  his  lodging  in  JermyEi 
Street  one  day,  carrying  a  small  hand-bag,, 
and  from  that  day  to  this  no  trace  of  him 
was  said  to  have  been  found.  Unfortunately, 
Lady  Login,  who  had  seen  him  three  days 
before,  did  not  hear  that  he  was  missing  for 
some  time  and,  I  believe,  it  was  nearly  three 
months  before  the  case  was  put  into  the 
hands  of  the  police,  who  had  no  doubt  that 
it  was  foul  play  for  plunder.  His  wife's 
jewels  disappeared  at  the  same  time  and  it 
seemed  probable  that  they  were  in  the 
hand-bag  that  he  was  carrying. 

Amongst  the  published  letters  of  Queen 
Victoria  is  one  to  Lord  Dalhousie  alluding 
to  the  proposed  marriage  of  the  Princess  of 
Coorg,  and  Her  Majesty  writes :  "  Though  still 
childish  for  her  age  (she  is  nearly  14),  she  is 
pretty,  lively,  intelligent,  and  going  on 
satisfactorily  in  her  education."  This  was 
written  in  1854.  CONSTANCE  RUSSEKL. 
Swallowfield,  Reading. 

The  marriage  of  Princess  Victoria  Gour- 
amma of  Coorg  is  referred  to  in  '  Sir  John 
Login  and  Duleep  Singh,'  by  Lady  Login, 
The  princess  married  Col.  John  Campbell, 
Madras  Army,  brother  of  Lady  Login,  and 
died  in  1864,  aged  23.  It  should  not  be 
difficult  to  find  an  account  of  Col.  C.'s  dis- 
appearance— perhaps  '  The  Times  Indexes 
subsequent  to  1864  will  help.  It  is  news  tc 
me  that  the  child  also  disappeared.  Appar 
ently  she  was  left  in  Lady  Login's  care. 

A.  J.  ABBUTHNOT. 

8  Albert  Court,  Kensington,  S.  W.7. 

The  strange  tale  is  told  also  in  the  'En 
cyclopaedia  Britannica,'  s.v.  '  Coorg.'  Ii 
The  Gentleman's  Magazine  for  May,  1864,  is 
recorded  the  death  on  Mar.  30,  at  the  house  o 
her  husband,  Col.  John  Campbell,  in  Georg< 
Street,  Port  man  Square,  of  Her  Highnesi 
the  Princess  Victoria  Gouramma  of  Coorg 
god-daughter  of  the  Queen,  and  an  accoun 
of  her  life  from  The  Morning  Post  is  appended 
JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 


12  8.  V    Nov...  1919 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


297 


JOHN  WILSON,  BOOKSELLER  (12  S.  v.  237, 
277).— In  answer  to  MR.  OSCAR  BERRY'S 
note,  I  should  gladly  welcome  any  con- 
clusive solution  of  this  long-vexed  question. 
.Meanwhile,  I  must  beg  leave  to  refer  him 
to  the  statement  of  a  valued  contributor 
to  these  columns,  MR.  WM.  JAGGARD,  who, 
.at  10  S.  iv.  229  ("O,  for  a  Booke  ")  says 
that  he  transcribed  the  lines  referred  to 
from  a  collection  of  early  English  poems 
,and  ballads  of  which  he  retained  no  record, 
and  that  he  sent  them  to  Mr.  Ireland  "  for 
^inclusion  in  his  '  Enchiridion,'  "  where  they 
appear.  The  collection  mentioned  has  not 
been  traced;  and,  as  the  "obscurity  sur- 
rounding the  printed  source "  is  conceded 
by  MR.  JAGGARD,  I  submit  that,  in  the 
-circumstances,  the  claim  of  Mr.  John  Wilson, 
as  presented  by  me  at  10  S.  ix.  192,  and 
repeated  in  'A  Bookman's  Budget,'  1917, 
rpp.  105—6,  at  least  deserves  consideration, 
though  I  am  open  to  conviction. 

I  learn  from  a  Brooklyn  correspondent, 
Mr.  R.  Kleiner,  that  the  lines  have  been 
ascribed,  in  America,  to  the  ingenious  Mr. 
Eugene  Field,  who,  "in  the  late  eighties," 
printed  them  in  The  Chicago  Morning  News. 
The  "  late  eighties,"  however,  would  be  after 
the  date  of  the  '  Enchiridion,'  1882. 

They  also  figure  in  another  book-plate, 
"being  "worked  into  the  background  of  the 
"beautiful  and  elaborate  example  designed 
fay  Mr.  Hugh  Thomson  for  Mr.  Ernest 
Brown,  a  facsimile  of  which  is  given  at 
p.  Ill  of  my  '  De  Libris,'  Macmillan,  1908. 
AUSTIN  DOBSON. 

Possibly  I  can  shed  a  little  light  on  the 
quotation  under  notice  :  "  O  for  a  booke, 
and  a  shadie  nooke,"  as  I  supplied  it,  with 
several  others,  to  Alexander  Ireland,  in  or 
about  1881,  and  I  still  have,  I  fancy,  some 
letters  from  him  on  the  subject,  but  being 
over  a  hundred  miles  from  home  I  must  rely 
.for  the  moment  upon  memory. 

The  verses  were  repeatedly  used  by  my 
antiquarian  friend,  the  late  Thomas  Simmons, 
/upon  the  titles  of  his  lists  of  old  books,  in  the 
late  seventies  and  eighties  of  the  last  century. 
He  also  used  them,  printed  in  red  and  black, 
on  his  invoices  at  that  time.  During  ten 
years  (1881-91)  I  supplied  Simmons  with 
.some  hundreds,  or  thousands,  of  bookish 
.quotations,  used  as  running  headlines  on 
;the  pages  of  his  frequent  catalogues.  I  have 
the  impression  he  told  me  he  obtained  the 
quotation  under  review  from  a  fragment  of 
an  Elizabethan  book  of  verse  he  purchased, 
in  a  very  large  collection  of  black-letter 
'.books,  about  1878  or  1879,  from  one  of  the 


tall  houses  at  the  top  of  Newbold  Terrace 
Leamington.  When  I  get  access  to  my 
collection  I  can  give  the  exact  year  Simmons 
first  published  the  verses,  which  date  may 
settle  whether  he  or  Wilson  first  printed 
them  in  modern  years. 

If  the  composition  is  as  old  as  it  purports, 
the  spelling  obviously  places  its  original  date 
as  1592,  or  earlier,  rather  than  anywhere  so 
late  as  1670.  W-  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

Central  Registry,  Repatriation  Records, 
Winchester. 

NEW  COLLEGE,  OXFORD  :  HEREDITARY 
SCHOLARSHIP  (12  S.  v.  118). — OBSERVER 
cites  the  instance  of  two  members  of  the 
Haldane  family,  father  and  son,  being 
fellows  of  the  same  college,  and  states  that 
he  is  not  aware  of  any  other  similar  in- 
stance. The  sister  University,  Cambridge, 
supplies  a  still  more  remarkable  instance 
of  hereditary  scholarship,  one  extending  over 
three  successive  generations,  which,  I  think, 
may  well  be  a  record.  In  my  somewhat 
lengthy  account  of  the  Rev.  Robert  Uvedale, 
LL.D.,  the  well-known  seventeenth-century 
scholar  and  botanist,  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  12  S. 
ii.  361,  et  seq.,  I  drew  attention  to  the  fact 
that  he  obtained  the  law  fellowship  of 
Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  in  competition 
with  Mr.  Newton  (afterwards  Sir  Isaac), 
and  that  his  son  Robert  was  also  a 
fellow  of  the  same  college  and  D.D.  of  that 
University,  and  that  his  grandson,  the  third 
Robert  and  cleric  in  succession,  held  the 
same  distinctions.  The  holding  of  these 
fellowships  in  the  same  college,  for  three 
successive  generations  from  father  to  son, 
is  an  instance  of  hereditary  scholarship, 
I  think,  unlikely  to  be  surpassed. 

I  may  add  that  his  great  -  grandson, 
another  clerical  Robert,  was  also  a  member 
of  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  though  not  a 
fellow  of  that  college. 

J.  S.  UDAL,  F.S.A. 

THAMES  TUNNELS  (12  S.  v.  181).— I  have 
in  my  possession  a  very  curious  coloured 
transparency  of  the  '  Brunei's  Tunnel.'  It 
is  contained  in  a  wooden  box  of  perhaps 
one  foot  diameter,  with  an  elongated  ex- 
tension, terminating  in  an  orifice  to  look 
through,  with  a  lens,  which  gives  a  very  fine 
view,  in  perspective,  of  the  transparency 
of  the  tunnel  when  the  slide  at  the  end  of 
the  box  is  removed,  and  the  box  held  before 
a  light  or  a  window.  The  view  of  the  tunnel 
is  painted  in  colours  on  a  removable  slide. 
It  shows  a  man  on  horseback  and  a  peasant 
in  the  space  for  vehicles,  and  a  couple  of  the 
gentry  walking  on  the  raised  side-walk — all, 


298 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  Nov  ,  1919. 


of  course,  in  the  costume  of  that  period. 
It  is  really  beautiful  as  well  as  curious.  It 
was  brought  to  America  by  my  grandfather, 
Samuel  Doggett,  on  one  of  his  trips  to 
England  and  Scotland  in  1831  and.  1837, 
together  with  many  other  interesting  articles. 
Accompanying  it  is  a  curious  little  book 
(5£  in.  by  4  in.),  with  the  following  title  :  — 

"  Sketches  of  the  works  for  the  tunnel  under  the 
Thames  from  Rotherhithe  to  Wapping.  Published 
by  Messrs.  Harvey  and  Barton,  55  Graceohurch 
Street ;  and  C.  Tilt,  St.  Bride's  Avenue,  86  Fleet 
Street.  Printed  by  the  Philanthropic  Society,  St. 
George's  Fields,  1829. 

It  contains  engravings  and  folding  sketches 
and  maps,  and  cost  2s.  6d.  I  have  also  a 
large  single  sheet  descriptive  of  the  tunnel, 
dated  March,  1841,  and  another  small  single 
sheet  dated  1827,  both  illustrated  with 
woodcuts.  I  would  be  pleased  to  furnish 
further  information  if  desired. 

WILLIAM  F.  CRAFTS. 
69  Cypress  Street,  Brookline,  Massachusetts. 

An  account  of  the  proposed  tunnel  in  1798 
from  Gravesend  to  Tilbury  is  given  in  R.  P. 
Cruden's  '  History  of  Gravesend,'  pp.  456-65. 
It  contains  the  detailed  estimates  of  Dodd, 
the  originator,  as  to  the  cost  of  the  tunnel, 
gives  the  names  of  the  committee  formed, 
particulars  of  the  Act  of  Parliament  obtained, 
and  an  account  of  the  experiments  and  the 
cause  of  the  failure  of  the  concern.  Clarke's 
criticisms  are  also  alluded  to.  The  last 
report  made  to  the  proprietors  was  presented 
at  a  meeting  on  March  3,  1803,  and  the  last 
annual  election  of  the  committee  took  place 
in  1806.  G.  H.  W. 

CAPT.  B.  GRANT  (12  S.  v.  238).— In  the 
index  of  '  The  Waterloo  Roll  Call,'  by  Charles 
Dalton,  1890,  there  is  no  mention  of  B. 
Grant.  (The  index  of  '  The  Roll  Call  ' 
concerns  officers  only.)  Nor  does  he  appear 
in  the  indexes  of  the  Army  Lists  of  1811  and 
1816.  However,  in  that  of  1834,  p.  260, 
there  is  Bernard  Grant,  ensign  in  the  71st 
(Highland)  Regiment — date  of  commission, 
Dec.  28,  1832.  His  name  bears  the  mark 
of  the  Waterloo  Medal.  In  the  1842  List, 
p.  278,  he  appears,  with  the  said  mark,  as 
quarter-master  of  the  82nd  Regiment,  date 
of  commission  Aug.  28,  1835  ;  the  date  of 
his  ensign's  commission  in  the  army  as  above. 

From  the  above  it  may,  I  think,  be 
assumed  that  at  the  battle  of  Waterloo  he 
was  in  the  ranks.  J.  H.  Stocqueler,  in  his 
'  Military  Encyclopaedia,'  1853,  writes  :  "  The 
quartermaster  is  almost  invariably  pro- 
lioted  from  the  ranks,  having  risen  through 
the  various  non-commissioned  grades  to  the 


rank  of  quartermaster-serjeant  or  serjeant- 
major."  There  are  nine  Grants  in  the 
index  of  *  The  Waterloo  Roll  Call,'  of  whom 
none  has  a  Christian  name  with  the  initial  B. 
Of  these  Sir  Colquhoun  Grant,  Staff,  lieut.- 
colonel,  15th  Light  Dragoons,  and  Capt. 
Wm.  Alex.  Grant,  71st  Regiment,  are  marked 
"  Wounded,"  and  Capt.  Wm.  Charles  Grant, 
92nd  Regiment,  "  Killed."  Also,  p.  226  of 
the  '  Roll  Call,'  in  the  short  list  of  '  Non- 
commissioned Officers  at  Waterloo  who 
afterwards  recehred  Commissions,'  is  Charles 
Grant,  23rd  Regiment,  "  severely  wounded 
at  Quatre  Bras  whilst  serving  in  the  ranks, 
Was  Acting  Quarter-Master  to  the  Grenadiei 
Guards  in  Canada  in  1838-39.  Appointed 
Quarter-Master  to  the  23rd  Welsh  Fusiliers, 
July  5, 1844.  Retired  on  half  pay  with  rank 
of  captain  in  1854,"  &c. 

If  this  Charles  Grant  was  a  private  (all 
the  others  in  the  list  are  non-commissioned 
officers)  it  is  strange  that  Bernard  Grant, 
who  must  have  been  either  a  non-com- 
missioned officer  or  a  private,  is  omitted, 
Whether  Quarter-Master  Bernard  Grant  re- 
tired with  rank  of  captain  I  do  not  know. 
ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

REFERENCES  TO  WORKS  WANTED  (12  S, 
v.  265). — See  J.  A.  Fabricius,  '  Bibliotheca 
Latina  mediae  et  infimse  aetatis,'  torn,  iii.j 
p.  203,  col.  1,  under  '  Henricus  de  Hassia, 
senior.'  It  is  stated  here  that  his  '  Quses- 
tiones  XXXIII.  de  Contractibus  et  de  ordjne 
Censuum  '  were  printed  in  the  appendix  tc 
Gerson's  '  Opera  '  at  Cologne  in  1484. 

On  page  49,  col.  2,  of  the  same  section  oi 
the  '  Bibliotheca,'  in  the  article  on  Gerson 
the  Cologne  volume  referred  to  above  is 
said  to  have  been  published  four  yean 
earlier  than  the  three  volume  edition  o: 
Gerson's  Works  that  appeared  in  1488,  anc 
to  be  as  it  were  a  fourth  volume  to  it 
although  containing  nothing  of  Gerson's 
but  writings  of  other  learned  men  who  wrot< 
about  the  same  time  and  on  similar  topics 
Five  names  are  mentioned,  among  then 
being  Henricus  de  Hassia  and  Henricus  d 
Hoita,  the  second  subject  of  MR.  O'BRIEN'! 
query.  » 

In  the  '  Beihefte  zum  Centralblatt  fii 
Bibliothekswesen,'  vol.  i,  Leipzig,  1888-9 
is  an  article  by  F.  W.  E.  Roth  on  th< 
Bibliography  of  Henricus  Hembuch  d 
Hassia  dictus  de  Langenstein.  (How  th< 
cataloguer  must  execrate  mediaeval  authors  ! 
According  to  this  the  '  Tractatus  de  con 
tractibus  '  beginning  "  In  sudore  vultus  tu 
I  vesceris  pane  tuo  "  is  printed  in  Gerson' 
'  Opera,'  Cologne,  1483,  and  is  found  ij 


12  8.  V.  Nov  ,  1919.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


299 


numerous  manuscripts,  a  list  with  the  pres 
marks  being  given,.  The  '  Tractatus  d 
contractibus  inter  ementes  et  vendentes, 
beginning  "  Honorabilibus  magne  disore 
ciones,"  &c.,  is  said  to  exist  only  in  manu 
scripts. 

The  '  Tractatus  de  contractibus  '  o: 
Heinrich  von  Oytta  is  said  by  the  '  Allge 
meine  Deutsche  Biographie  '  to  be  printec 
in  vol.  iv.  of  Gerson's  Works  (apparently 
the  1483  (1484)  book  described  above) 
According  to  Fabricius'  « Bibliotheca,'  iii 
210,  col.  2,  it  was  also  published  separately 
but  no  details  are  given. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

The  Catalogus  Bibliothecae  Bodlejanse, 
Oxonii,  1843,  vol.  secundum,  page  141 
(sub  :  Gersonus  (Joannes),  Cancellarius 
Parisiensis)  contains  the  titles  of  four 
different  Tractatus,  4to,  Col.  Ulv.  Zell. 
s.a.,  and  Tractatus  varii,  4to,  s.l.  et  a.,  to 
which  the  foot-note  at  p.  18  of  Roscher's 
work  quoted  and  Henricus  de  Hassia's 
*  Tractatus  de  Contractibus  et  de  Origine 
Censuum  ' — two  misprints  of  this  title 
corrected — may  possibly  refer.  H.  K. 

'THE  VILLAGE  BLACKSMITH'  (12  S.  v.  211, 
248). — The  smithy  mentioned  by  Long- 
fellow in  his  poem,  '  The  Village  Black- 
smith,' stood  on  the  west  side  of  Brattle 
Street,  between  Story  Street  and  Farwell 
Place  in  Cambridge,  Mass.,  U.S.  The  poet 
passed  it  in  his  walks  between  his  home  and 
Harvard  College,  where  he  was  a  professor. 
In  his  diary  of  Oct.  5,  1839,  we  read : 
"  Written  a  new  Psalm  of  Life.  It  is  *  The 
Village  Blacksmith.'  '  A  year  later,  Oct.  25, 
1840,  in  a  letter  to  his  father,  he  says  : 
"  I  have  written  a  kind  of  a  ballad  on  a 
blacksmith.  A  song  of  praise  to  our 
ancestor  of  Newbury."  In  The  Knicker- 
bocker Magazine  of  New  York,  November, 
1840,  vol.  xvi.  p.  419,  the  poem  was  first 
printed. 

The  blacksmith  shop  disappeared  years 
ago,  but  the  "  spreading  chestnut  tree  " 
was  allowed  to  remain,  standing  outside  of 
the  curbstone  till,  in  May,  1876,  it  was 
declared  to  be  an  obstruction  in  the  high- 
way and  was  cut  down,  the  poet  vainly 
expostulating  against  the  act.  Prof,  and 
Mrs.  E.  N.  Horsford  saved  the  wood, 
however,  which  was  made  into  a  chair, 
finished  in  imitation  of  ebony,  from  a  design 
furnished  by  W.  P.  P.  Longfellow,  the 
poet's  nephew,  and  presented  by  the 
children  of  Cambridge  to  the  poet,  on  the 
anniversary  of  his  birthday,  Feb.  27,  1879. 
This  occasioned  the  poem,  '  From  My  Arm- 


Chair.'     A  tablet   has   been  placed   in   the 
sidewalk  near  the  site  of  the  tree. 

It  may  be  of  interest  to  add  that  James 
Russell  Lowell  in  his  poem  '  An  Indian 
Summer  Reverie'  (1840?)  stanzas  34-35), 
refers  to  the  same  smithy.  The  smith's 
name  was  Dexter  Pratt.  Though  born  ia 
South  Framingham,  Mass.,  1799,  he  was 
for  a  long  time  a  resident  of  Cambridge,  and 
was  buried  in  that  city  at  Mount  Auburn, 
with  his  wife  Rowena  Houghton. 

EDWARD  DENHAM. 
New  Bedford,  Mass. 

Dexter  Pratt,  the  "village  blacksmith," 
resided  on  Brattle  Street,  Cambridge,  Mass.r 
and  plied  his  trade  hard  by  in  a  smithy 
"under  a  spreading  chestnut  tree."  The 
house,  erected  in  1811,  was  acquired  by 
Pratt  in  1827,  and  is  still  standing,  but  the 
smithy  and  the  chestnut  tree  no  longer 
exist.  The  figure  of  Dexter  Pratt  is  one 
of  those  represented  in  low  relief  on  the 
Longfellow  Memorial  in  Longfellow  Park, 
Cambridge.  E.  BASIL  LTJPTON. 

10  Humboldb  Street,  Cambridge,  Mass. 

The  original  of  the  "  smith  "  in  the  poem 
is  said  to  have  been  Henry  Francis  Moore,  a 
blacksmith  in  the  neighbouring  town  of 
Medford,  Massachusetts,  whom  Longfellow 
often  visited  and  was  fond  of  chatting  with. 
WILLIAM  FRANCIS  CRAFTS. 

69  Cypress  Street.  Brookline,  Massachusetts. 

*  THE  TRAGEDY  OF  NERO  '  AND  *  Piso's 
CONSPIRACY  '  (12  S.  v.  254). — MR.  NICOLL 
attributes  to  Langbaine  and  to  the  authors 
of  the  '  Biographia  Dramatica  '  an  error  into 
which  they  did  not  fall.  These  writers  do 
not  suggest  that  '  Piso's  Conspiracy  '  is 

dentical  with  Lee's  '  Nero,  Emperor  of 
Rome.' 

Langbaine    says,    in    that    part    of    the 

Dramatick  Poets  '  which  deals  with  un- 
known authors  :  "  Piso's  Conspiracy.  . .  .is 
only  the  Tragedy  of  Nero  (before  men- 

ion'd),"  &c.     This  statement  does  not  refer 

o  Lee's  tragedy,  which  was  not  by  an 
unknown'  author  and  was  duly  attributed  to 

ee  on  p.    324.     It  refers  to  an  unknown 

uthor's  '  Nero's  Tragedy  '  mentioned  on 
).  542,  but  omitted  from  the  index  to  the 

ook — an  omission  which  may  possibly 
lave  misled  your  correspondent.  Lang- 
mine  says  that  this  play  was  mentioned  by 
Kirkman  (viz.,  in  1671),  thus  showing  that 
t  was  an  earlier  play  than  Lee's. 

In  the  'Biographia  Dramatica'  (1812)  it 
s  stated  that  '  Piso's  Conspiracy  '  is  no  more 
han  the  '  Tragedy  of  Nero,'  a  little  altered 
iii.  157),  and  that  the  latter  play  was. 


-300 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  fiJ.  V.  Nov.,  1919. 


Anonymous  and  was  printed  in  1624  (iii.  76), 
a  date  about  twenty-nine  years  before  Lee 
was  born,  and  abouc  fifty  years  before  his 
.first  play  was  produced. 

'The  Tragedy  of  Nero,'  1624,  which  Mr. 
JFleay  ('Chronicle,'  ii.  84,  334)  suspected  to 
Jbe  the  work  of  May,  has  not  lain  neglected. 
It  was  reprinted  by  Mr.  Bullen  in  '  Old 
English  Plays  '  (1882),  and  it  is  also  included 
•in  the  volume  entitled  'Nero  and  Other 
Plays'  in  the  "Mermaid  Series."  Two 
copies  of  the  version  printed  in  1676  appear 
in  the  British  Museum  Catalogue  under  the 
.heading  of  Piso.  GEORGE  NEWALL. 

LUCIEN  BONAPARTE  :  PRISONER  IN  ENG- 
LAND (12  S.  v.  236). — Lucien  Bonaparte 
did  not  stay  at  Ludlow  Castle  whilst  a 
prisoner  in  England  as  the  following  ex- 
tracts show. 

The  Annual  Register  for  1811,  under  date 
'Jan.  3,  has  the  following  :  — 

"  Madame  Lucien  Buonaparte,  with  her  family, 
fend  a  numerous  train  of  servants,  arrived  at 
Ludlow  on  Wednesday,  the  3rd,  having  per- 
formed the  journey  from  Plymouth  in  a  week. 
Lucien  removed  on  the  preceding  day  from  the 
inn,  to  Lord  Powis's  residence  in  that  town, 
called  Dinham  House  ;  his  Lordship's  seat  in  the 
neighbourhood  (Stone  House)  being  found  too 
small  for  the  reception  of  so  numerous  a  suite. 
It  is  believed  they  will  remain  at  Ludlow  during 
several  months." 

Brayley  and  Britton's  '  Beauties  of  Eng- 
land and  Wales,'  vol.  xiii.  (Shropshire), 
published  in  1813,  states  that  Ludlow 
Castle  "  has  long  remained  a  total  and 
.absolute  ruin,"  so  that  it  could  not  have 
Jbeen  habitable  at  that  time.  Mention  is 
made  of  Lucien  Buonaparte's  stay  in  the 
town,  but  the  place  of  residence  is  not 
•stated.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

The  statement  by  Madame  Junot  is  not 
-correct.     I  was  certain  that  Ludlow  Castle 
was  not  inhabitable  in  1810;  but  in  order 
that  I  might  be  able  to  answer  the  question 
correctly,  I  communicated  with  my  friend,  ) 
Mr.  H.T.  Weyman,  F.S.A.,of  Ludlow,  who' 
iias   a    thorough  knowledge   of    facts   con- 
nected with  the  Castle.     I  give  the  substance 
of  his  reply  to  me. 

Lucien  Bonaparte  was  captured  by  an 
English  Cruiser  when  on  his  way  to  the 
United  States  of  America  in  1810.  He  was 
brought  to  England,  and  in  December,  1810, 
was  lodged,  as  a  prisoner,  in  Dinham  House, 
Ludlow.  (The  Castle  being  then,  practically 
a  ruin.)  He  was  placed  under  the  charge  of 
•Col.  Knyvett  Leighton  about  Dec.  17. 

Dinham  House,  belonging  to  Lord  Powis, 
chosen  as  Lucien 's  residence,  because 


the  Stone  House,  Onibury  (now  Stokesa 
Court)  and  another  house,  Lymore,  wei 
not  in  good  enough  state  for  so  distinguishe 
a  prisoner.  He  remained  at  Ludlow,  wit 
his  family,  until  June,  1811.  He  bought 
house  called  Thorngroye  in  June,  181] 
and  went  to  live  there  with  his  family. 

Col.  Leighton  has  left  it  on  record  that  h 
had  no  easy  time  with  his  charge,  who  wa 
discontented  with  his  life  at  Ludlow. 

HERBERT  SOUTHAM. 

GENDER  OF  "  DISH  "  IN  LATIN  (12  S 
v.  266).  —  1.  Pape  (1880)  and  Lidde 
and  Scott  (1890)  give  the  Greek  word  a 
/za^byo/zos,  masculine,  regarding  it  as  a 
adjective  in  agreement  with  Ku/cAo?  or  -rival 
An  examination,  however,  of  the  passage 
in  Greek  literature  to  which  they  refer  sho-w 
that  in  all  instances  but  one  the  gender  is  un 
determined,  the  word  occurring  in  a  cas 
where  it  could  be  equally  masculine  c 
neuter. 

The  one  exception  is  in  the  '  Corpus  In 
scriptionum  Grsecarum,'  2852,  51,  a  referenc 
given  only  by  Liddell  and  Scott,  wher 
/xa£ovo/uos  x/awous  is  said  to  be  founc 
This  would  seem  at  first  sight  to  settle  th 
question.  But  if  any  one  takes  the  troubl 
to  look  at  the  inscription  carefully  he  wii 
see  that  the  statement  in  Liddell  and  Scot 
is  wrong.  The  words  are  /za^oi'd/zoi/  xPV(ro^ 
They  are  in  a  long  list  of  objects  dedicate* 
by  Seleucus  II.  in  243  B.C.  in  the  temple  o 
Apollo  at  Didyma,  and  the  separate  items 
of  which  the  /m£bi>o/zov  \pva-ovi'  is  one,  ai 
expressed  in  the  nominative.  Moral :  Tea 
all  references.  What  a  dictionary  says  i 
not  (conclusive)  evidence. 

2.  In  the  three  passages  (Varro,  Horace 
and  Nemesianus)  quoted  by  dictionaries  fo 
the  Latinised  form  of  the  word,  the  gerde 
is  again  undetermined.  But  the  Commen 
tator  Cruquianus  on  Hor.  Sat.  II.  viii.  8 
writes :  "  Mazonomus  genus  est  lanci 
capacioris,"  &c. 

There  appears  then  to  be  no  purel; 
literary  instance  in  Greek  or  Latin  to  detei 
mine  the  usage  as  regards  gender.  Th 
evidence  of  the  inscription  in  243  points  t< 
the  neuter,  and  the  Latin  scholiast,  take  bin 
for  what  he  is  worth,  to  the  masculine. 

But  that  the  practice  as  regards  what  i 
known  as  gender  was  not  always  as  consisten 
as  seems  sometimes  to  be  thought  is  showi 
by  the  existence  of  /3ap/3iTos  as  both  mascu 
line  and  feminine  and  fodpftiTov,  neuter. 
EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Oudle  Cottage,  Much  Hadham,  Herts. 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


301 


MB.  FOSTER  PALMER  alludes  to  an.  attempt 
to  turn  the  nursery  rhyme  '  Hey,  Diddle- 
Diddle  '  into  Latin,  and  is  puzzled  to  find  an 
equivalent  for  "dish."  He  suggests  the 
uncommon  word  mazonomus.  Apparently 
he  is  not  aware  that  the  lines  in  question 
have  been  cleverly  translated  in  the  '  Arun- 
dines  Cami,'  by  the  Rev.  H.  Drury.who  has 
employed  the  word  lanx,  lands  (akin  to  the 
Greek  7rAa£)  for  a  broad  or  flat  dish.  As  an 
amusing  specimen  of  ingenuity  his  lines  are 
worth  quoting  :  — 

Hei  didulum — atque  iterum   didulum  !     Felisque 
Fidesque  ! 

Vacca  super  Lnnre  cornua  proMluit. 
Kescio  qua  catulus  risit  dulcedine  ludi ; 

Abstulit  et  turpi  lanx  cochleare  fu  a. 

Has  the  word  mazonomus  any  connexion  with 
"mazer,"  or  "  maser,"  a  bowl  ?  or  is  the 
resemblance  merely  accidental  ?  There  is 
an  instructive  note  on  this  word  in  the 
4  Promptorium  Parvulorum  '  (p.  328),  but 
too  long  for  quotation  here. 

J.  E.  HARTING. 

DISCOVERIES  IN  COINS  (12  S.  iii.  449 ; 
v.  195). — The  Manchester  Evening  News, 
Monday,  July  7,  1919,  contains  the  following 
discovery,  under  the  heading  '  Facts  and 
Comments  '  :  — 

"  1 ,800-YEARS  OLD  COIN. 

<:  A  workman  who  was  employed  making  exca- 
vations in  Corporation  Roar),  Grimsby,  dug  up  an 
old  coin,  which  he  exchanged  for  a  pint  of  beer  at 
a  public-house. 

"The  manager  of  the  latter  sent  the  coin  to  the 
British  Museum  for  classification.  A  report  re- 
ceived on  Saturday  from  the  curator  describes  the 
coin  as  a  brass  Sestertius,  of  the  Roman  Emperor 
Vespasian,  period  A.D.  69-79.  The  coin  is  in  a  good 
state  of  preservation,  and  of  considerable  interest 
and  value  to  collectors." 

The  same  paper  of  Friday,  Aug.  29, 
contains  the  following  under  '  Ancient 
Irish  Coins  Found  '  :  — 

"  An  interesting  discovery  was  made  yesterday 
by  some  drainage  workers  outside  Mul linear,  where 
a  subterranean  passage  was  unearthed.  In  it  some 
ancient  Irish  gold  coins  and  cooking  utensils,  dating 
back  to  pagan  times,  were  found." 

FRED  L.  TAVARE. 

GEORGE  DYER:  PORTRAIT  (12  S.  v.  237, 
275). — There  is  an  excellent  picture  of 
"Amicus  redivivus  "  in  the  Fitzwilliam 
Museum,  with  his  dog;  but  not  "  Tobit," 
the  dog  called  by  Lamb  "  Nobit,"  from  the 
uncertainty  of  Dyer's  feedings. 

A  photograph  was  made  for  one  of  the 
Charles  Lamb  dinners,  and,  no  doubt, 
a  copy  could  be  easily  obtained  from  the 
Museum.  GEORGE  WHERRY. 

The  Union  Sc  ciety,  Cambridge. 


PIANO  LEGS  IN  TROUSERS  (12  S.  v.  261).— 
In  my  boyhood  at  Castle ji'Acre  in  Norfolk 
I  was  taken  by  my  aunts  ^to  tea  with  two 
maiden  ladies,  anci  was  very  astonished  to» 
find  the  piano  legs  draped  in  muslin,  and 
also  to  see  small  skirts  of  tissue  paper 
pasted  on  nude  figures  in  some  oil  paintings  - 
of  classical  scenes.  I  well  remember  being 
told  this  was  done  because  "naked  legs 
were  indecent."  J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

The   "limbs"  of  pianos  were  sometimes- 
entrousered  during  the  sixties  of  last  cen- 
tury.    The  garments  were  of  muslin,   and 
I  think  they  were  gathered  in  at  the  ankles 
by  bands  of  ribbon.     In  this  country  it  was 
probably  an  idea  of  decoration,  rather  than 
of    delicacy    that    produced    the    atrocity. 
Soon  came  a  time  when  everything  had  to- 
be    draped    or    trimmed.     German    house-- 
wives had  frills  along  their  pantry  shelves. 

ST.  S  WITHIN. 

ELEPHANT:  OLIPHANT  (12  S.  v.  238). — 
Bardsley's  'Dictionary  of  English  and 
Welsh  Surnames  '  gives  Oliphant  as  being  a 
nickname  for  "  the  elephant,"  no  doubt,  a- 
complimentary  allusion  to  the  big,  burly 
physique  of  the  bearer. 

Lower,  in  '  Patronymica  Britannica,' 
quotes  several  authorities  on  the  derivation 
of  the  name  Oliphant,  as  follows  :  — 

"  Kelham  and  Halliwell  give  Olifaunt,  Anglo- 
Norman,  an   elephant.     Chaucer  in  his   rime  of- 
'  Sir  Thopas,'  says  : — 

There  came  a  gret  geaunt, 
His  name  was  sire  Oliphaunt, 
A  perilous  man  of  dede. 

Tyrwhitt  considers  the  word  to  mean  elephant',- 
which  he  thinks  a  suitable  name  for  a  giant- 
It  is  remarkable,  however,  that  in  Anglo-Saxon 
olfend  signifies  a  camel,  and  therefore  that 
useful  animal  may,  equally  with  the  more  pon- 
derous brute,  assert  its  claim  to  the  honour  of 
haying  surnamed  this  family.  Some  of  the 
Oliphants  bear  an  elephant's  head  as  their  crest,, 
but  this  may  be  a  mere  blunder." 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

Whether  or  not  the  Hebrew  aleph,  the 
first  letter  of  the  Jewish  alphabet,  which, 
signifies  an   "  ox,"   or   "  leader,"   gave  rise 
through  a  Phoenician  or  Punic  tongue  to  the 
Greek   eAe^as   and    its    Latin    translation, 
it   eventually  produced  Eng.  "  elephant  "  ;, 
but  the  Old  French,  Mid.  Eng.  and  Dutch 
forms  of  the  word  are  olifant  and  olifaunt. 

In  Anglo-Saxon  elpend  (sometimes  elp  and 
yip),  an  elephant,  is  very  apt  to  be  mistaken 
for  olfend,  a  camel  ;  so  it  is  quite  on  the- 
cards  that  some  Oliphant  families  owe  their 
surname  to  the  latter  source. 

N.  W. 


302 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12  ».  v.  NOV.,  1919. 


"  OLD  LADY  OF  THREADNEEDLE  STREET  " 
(12  S.  v.  238).— The  genesis  of  the  applica- 
tion of  this  name  to  the  Bank  of  England 
was  discussed  in  '  N.  &  Q.'  (5  S.  ii.  229,  291), 
1874.  For  the  benefit  of  those  who  have  not 
access  to  those  references  I  may  quote  from 
a  letter  from  Mr.  William  Platt  of  the 
'Conservative  Club  on  the  subject:  — 

"  A  vulgar  name  given  to  the  directors  of  the 
Bank  of  England  by  William  Cobbett,  proprietor 
of  The  Political  fieyister,  because  they  endeavoured, 
with  their  financial  boom,  to  stem  the  Atlantic 
waves  of  national  progre«s.  This  figure  of  speech 
was  founded  upon  an  anecdote  introduced  by  the 
Rev.  Sydney  Smith  in  an  address  upon  the  Reform 
Bill  delivered  at  Taunt/on  on  or  about  the  llth  of 
October,  1831." 

Sydney  Smith's  story — too  long  to  quote — 
described  the  fruitless  efforts  of  a  Mrs. 
Partington  to  repulse  the  Atlantic  waves 
with  a  mop  on  the  occasion  of  a  flood  at 
Sidmouth.  WILLOUGHBY  MAYCOCK. 

"A  silver  curl-paper  that  I  myself  took 
off  the  shining  locks  of  the  ever-beautiful 
Old  Lady  of  Threadneedle  Street  [a  bank 
note]"  (Dickens's  'Dr.  Marigold').  Brewer, 
in  his  '  Phrase  and  Fable,'  says  Thread- 
needle  may  be  a  corruption  of  Thryddanen 
or  Thryddenal  Street  ,  third  street  from 
Chepesyde  ;  or  Thrigneedle  (three  needle 
street),  from  the  three  needles  which  the 
Needlemakers'  Company  bore  in  their  arms. 
It  begins  from  the  Mansion  House  and 
therefore  the  Bank  stands  in  it.  M.A. 

EMERSON'S  'ENGLISH  TRAITS'  (12  S. 
v.  234,  275)..— 

11.  These  are  nicknames  given  in  America 
to  the  inhabitants  of  the  States  of  Indiana, 
Illinois  and  Wisconsin  respectively.  Hoosier 
is  said  by  some  to  be  a  corruption  of  a  slang 
term,  husher,  which  meant  a  bully  ;  by 
others  as  being  due  to  the  curiosity  of  the 
early  settlers  in  asking  newcomers  the 
question,  "  Who  you,  or  they,  are,"  and 
where  they  come  from.  For  familiar  names 
given  to  the  various  American  States  see 
'The  New  International  Encyclopaedia,'  s.v. 
*  States,  Popular  names  of.' 

N.  W.   HILL. 

19.  See  Sir  N.  W.  Wraxall's  '  Historical 
Memoirs,'  part  i.,  ed.  1904,  p.  190  : —  . 

"His  [Rodney's]  person  was  more  elegant  than 
seemed  to  become  his  rough  profession.  There 
was  even  something  that  approached  to  delicacy 
and  effeminacy  in  his  figure  :  but  no  man  manifested 
a  more  temperate  and  steady  courage  in  Action.  I 
had  the  honour  to  live  in  great  personal  intimacy 
with  him,  and  have  often  heard  him  declare  that 
superiority  to  fear  was  not  in  him  the  physical  effect 


of  constitution  ;  on  the  contrary,  no  man  being 
more  sensible  by  nature  to  that  passion  than  him- 
self :  but  that  he  surmounted  it  from  the  considera- 
tions of  honor  and  public  duty." 

This  is  clearly  Emerson's  source. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 
Oudle  Cottage,  Much  Hadham,  Herts. 

ASTERTION  FLOWERS  (12  S.  v.  267). — i 
think  that  there  need  be  no  doubt  as  to  the 
editor's  suggestion  of  "  nasturtium."  Two 
entirely  different  plants  are  so  called  : 
(1)  water-cress  (Nasturtium  officinale)  and 
allied  species  ;  (2)  the  garden  nasturtium 
with  showy  yellow  flowers  ( Tropceolum  majus), 
called  by  Parkinson  Nasturtium  indicum  or 
Indian  cress,  and  he  speaks  of  the  leaves 
being  used  instead  of  ordinary  cresses 
because  the  taste  is  somewhat  sharp  and 
agreeing  thereto.  The  'N.E.D.'  has  a 
quotation  from  Mrs.  Glasse,  '  Cookery,' 
vi.  98  :  "A  few  nasturtium  flowers  stuck 
here  and  there  look  pretty."  The  form 
"  assertion  "  is  due  to  loss  of  initial  n,  as 
in  "apron,"  originally  "naperon."  and  the 
substitution  of  the  common  English  -on  for 
the  Latin  -urn.  J.  T.  F. 

In  working-class  districts  of  Bristol  the 
nasturtium  is  frequently  referred  to  as 
astertion  or  stertion.  WM.  SANIGAR. 

BLUECOAT  SCHOOLS  (12  S.  v.  126,  158, 
218). — There  was,  thirty  years  ago,  a 
Bluecoat  school  at  Ipswich.  Its  original 
title  was  the  Charity  Schools  of  Greycoat 
Boys  and  Bluecoat  Girls,  but  the  costume 
had  been  changed,  and  the  scholars  were 
known  as  "  Bluecoat  boys."  They  wore  a 
quaint  costume  consisting  of  a  swallow- 
tailed  cutaway  coat  of  dark  blue,  with  white 
metal  buttons,  blue  knee  breeches,  with 
white  wool  stockings,  shoes,  and  tall  hats, 
like  a  plebeian  form  of  the  Eton  "  topper." 
The  Bluecoat  girls,  I  think,  wore  dark  blue 
dresses,  with  tippets,  and  close-fitting 
bonnets,  but  I  am  not  quite  certain  of  this. 
The  charity  was  established  in  1709  and  was 
confined  to  the  children  of  bona  fide  members 
of  the  Church  of  England. 

R.  S.  PEKGELLY. 

12  Poynders  Road,  Clapham  Park. 

BRASSEY  (BRACEY)  FAMILY  (12  S.  ii.  269, 
333,  378  ;  iii.  54,  255).— Musgrave's  '  Obit.' 
gives  :  Nath.  Brassey,  banker,  Lombard 
Street,  May,  1737  ;  Nath.  Brassey,  banker, 
Sept.  29,  1765  ;  Mr.  Nath.  Brassey,  shop- 
factor  at  Reading  (about  June),  1767  ; 
Nath.  Brassey,  junior,  son  of  the  banker, 
Lombard  Street,  Sept.  14,  1782.  Mrs. 
Brassey,  in  Fenchurch  Street,  Jan.  7,  1767  ; 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


303T- 


Mrs.  Brassey,  relict  of  Nathaniel  Brassey, 
Lombard  Street,  Oct.  10,  1786.  The  first  is 
an  extract  from  The  Historical  Register  for 
May,  1737,  which  says  :  — 

"Nathaniel  Brassey,  Esq.,  formerly  a  banker  in 
Lombard  iStreet,  and  father  of  Nathaniel  Brassey, 
Esq.,  of  Lombard  Street,  Member  of  Parliament 
for  Hertford.  He  died  possessed  of  a  large  estate." 
Now  if  this  statement  is  accurate  the  M.P. 
was  son  of  Nathaniel  (not  John)  Brassey,  and 
if  the  manor  of  Roxford  was  bought  in  1699, 
by  John  Brassey,  then  a  generation  has  been 
skipped  in  the  pedigree,  as  the  M.P.  would 
seem  to  have  been  John's  grandson.  I  have 
a  MS.  note  that  Nathaniel  Brassey,  a  London 
banker,  of  Roxford,  Herts,  was  a  defeated 
candidate  for  St.  Albans  in  March,  1730, 
but  sat  for  Hertford  in  four  Parliaments 
from  1734  to  1761  ;  was  made  a  Commissioner 
of  Lieutenancy  for  the  City  of  London, 
June  21,  1740;  and  died,  Sept.  29,  1765, 
aged  68.  It  was  his  eldest  son  who  died 
Sept.  14,  1782.  I  have  not  yet  ascertained 
the  name  of  the  wife  of  the  M.P.  In  the 

*  List  of  the  Bankers  in  London  '  given  in 
The  St.  James's  Register  for  1765,  the  firm 
is  given  as  Brassey,  Lee  &  Son,  The  Acorn, 
Lombard  Street.  W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

*  TOM     JONES'     (12     S.     v.     268).— In 

*  Memoirs  of  My  Life  and  Writings  '  (Edward 
Gibbon)     the    third    paragraph    from     the 
beginning    in    '  Autobiography    of    Edward 
Gibbon     as     Originally     Edited     by     Lord 
Sheffield  '  has  :  — 

"  The  nobility  of  the  Spencers  has  been  illus- 
trated and  enriched  by  the  trophies  of  Marl- 
borough  ;  but  I  exhort  them  to  consider  the  '  Fairy 
Queen'  as  the  most  precious  jewel  of  their  coronet. 
Our  immortal  Fielding  was  of  the  younger  branch 
of  the  Earls  of  Denbigh,  who  draw  their  origin 
from  the  Counts  of  Habsburg,  the  lineal  descendants 
of  Eltrico,  in  the  seventh  century,  Duke  nf  Alsace. 
Far  different  have  been  the  fortunes  of  the  English 
and  German  divisions  of  the  family  of  Habsburg : 
the  former,  the  knights  and  sheriffs  of  Leicester- 
shire, have  slowly  risen  to  the  dignity  of  a  peerage  ; 
the  latter,  the  Emperors  of  Germany,  and  Kings 
of  Spain,  have  threatened  the  liberty  of  the  old, 
and  invaded  the  treasures  of  the  new  world.  The 
successors  of  Charles  the  Fifth  may  disdain  their 
brethren  of  England :  but  the  romance  of  '  Tom 
Jones,'  that  exquisite  picture  of  human  manners, 
will  outlive  the  palace  of  the  Escurial,  and  the 
imperial  eagle  of  the  house  of  Austria." 

Thackeray  in  his  lecture  on  '  Hogarth, 
Smollett,  and  Fielding  '  writes  :  — 

"  The  kind  and  wise  old  Johnson  would  not  sit 
down  with  him  [Fielding].  But  a  greater  scholar 
than  Johnson  could  afford  to  admire  that  astonish- 
ing genius  of  Harry  Fielding ;  and  we  all  know  the 
lofty  panegyric  which  Gibbon  wrote  of  him,  and 
which  remains  a  towering  monument  to  the  great 
novelist's  memory 


"  There  can  be  no  gainsaying  the  sentence  of  this  - 
great  judge.     To  have  your  name    mentioned  by 
Gibbon  is   like  having  it  written  on  the  dome  of 
St.    Peter's.     Pilgrims  from  all  the  world  admire 
and  behold  it." 

To  the  best  of  my  knowledge  the  Habs- 
burgs  and  the  Fieldings  are  not  related.  I 
never  could  find  any  evidence  of  any  con- 
nexion. Lord  Denbigh  and  his  family  spell 
the  name  Feilding.  The  novelist  said  that 
he  was  the  first  of  the  family  who  could  spell  • 
correctly.  THOS.  WHITE. 

Junior  Reform  Club,  Liverpool. 

The  "  splendid  but  sufficiently  quoted 
eulogy  of  Gibbon  "  appeared  in  1795  near 
the  beginning  of  his  '  Memoirs  '  which  were 
"  carefully  selected  and  put  together  "  by 
Lord  Sheffield  from  the  six  different  sketches 
left  by  the  historian. 

The  pedigree  that  was  the  occasion,  of 
Gibbon's  prarie  is  now  discredited. 

EDWARD    BENSLY. 

[MR.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE  and  MR.  C.  B«; 
WHEELER  aho  thanked  for  replies.] 

TOBACCO  PIPES  (12  S.  v.  210). — I  used  to 
have  one  of  these  triple  pipes  (three  bowls 
and  three  stems,  but  one  mouthpiece)  which 
had  been  made  in  Hexham,  Northumberland, 
some  time  in  the  first  quarter  of  the  nine- 
teenth century  (1801-25).  I  got  it  from  a 
relative  who  belonged  to  that  town,  but 
beyond  being  a  curiosity  I  could  learn  no 
more  about  it.  Unfortunately  it  was  broken 
during  "  spring  cleaning  "  a  few  years  ago. 
J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

Consett,  co.  Durham. 

"As  DEAD  AS  A  DOOR-NAIL"  (12  S.  V.  266). 

— Probably  the  first  or  rudimentary  knocker 
was  a  round  stone  at  the  end  of  a  short  strip 
of  hide.  When  the  metal  knocker  on  a 
hinge  was  invented  it  would  not  be  long 
before  the  iron  began  to  knock  a  hole  in  the 
door,  so  a  nail  with  a  large  flat  or  mushroom, 
head  would  be  driven  into  the  door  at  the 
point  of  percussion,  the  resonance  of  the 
blow  being  also  much  increased.  "  What  ! 
Is  the  old  king  dead  ?  "  exclaims  Falstaff  in 
'  Henry  IV.,'  to  which  the  reply  is  "  As  nail 
in  door."  And  what  deader,  seeing  that  it 
is  being  everlastingly  knocked  on  the  head  ! 

"  Dead  as  mutton,"  again  :  a  sheep  may 
be  alive  or  dead,  but  what  can  be  deader 
than  mutton  1 

"  Dead  as  a  herring  "  is  said  to  be  because 
a  herring's  gills  are  so  delicate  that  it  dies 
the  instant  it  is  taken  out  of  the  water. 
Only  last  month  I  asked  a  sea-fishing 
friend  if  this  was  so,  and  he  asserted  that  the 


304 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [12 s.  v. NOV.,  im 


lierring  flapped  in  the  boat  for  some  time 
after  being  caught.  Is  not  the  real  ex- 
planation that  in  the  early  days  Dutch 
salted  herrings  were  largely  used  on  days  of 
fast  and  that  the  herring  was  known  to 
most  people  solely  as  a  dead  fish — as  dead 
as  mutton  ?  DOUGLAS  OWEN. 

Mr.  W.  Gurney  Benham,  in  '  Cassell's 
Book  of  Quotations,'  p.  189,  quotes  from 
William  Langland  or  Langley,  '  The  Vision 
of  William  concerning  Piers  the  Plowman,' 
Passus  ii.  1.  183  :  — 

Faith  without  feet  ys  tebelere  than  nought, 
And  ded  as  a  dorenayle. 

and  explains  that  "feet"  ("fet"  in  the 
1393  M.S.)  =  "works  "  and  that  the  earlier 
MS.  have  "  doretree  "  for  "  dorenayle." 

The  reviewer  of  Mr.  Svartengren's  '  In- 
tensifying Similes  '  at  12  S.  iv.  343  says  :  — 

"  We  think  Mr.  Svartenpcren  is  right  about  '  dead 
as  a  doornail,'  but  he  should  have  made  a  reference 
to  :  cold  as  a  wagon  tire.'  The  cold  metal  suggests 
the  cold,  dead  body." 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

Although  John  Gay  includes  "  dead  as  a 
door -nail "  in  his  *  New  Song  of  New 
Similios,'  published  in  the  reign  of  George  I., 
yet  this  expression  is  of  much  more  ancient 
date.  It  is  found  twice  in  the  alliterative 
romance  of  '  William  of  Palerne  '  (c.  1350)  and 
it  also  occurs  in  the  A. -text  of  Langland's 
'  Piers  Plowman  '  (1362),  where  faith  without 
works  is  said  to  be  "  ded  as  a  dore-nayle." 
In  the  B.-text  (1377)  the  expression  was 
changed  to  "  ded  as  a  dore-tre,"  and  Prof. 
Skeat,  in  his  Clarendon  Press  edition  of  the 
poem,  explains  that  "  tre  "  is  here  used,  as 
elsewhere  in  O.E.,  to  indicate  wood  that  is 
cut  down  and  dead.  Cf.  the  modern  "  axle- 
tree."  In  this  form  the  simile  is  easily 
intelligible,  and  Langland,  in  the  later 
version  of  his  work,  may  have  deliberately 
substituted  "  tre  "  for  "  nayle  "  for  the 
sake  of  clearness. 

But  is  it  not  possible  that  both  expressions 
were  then  in  current  use,  and  that  "  ded  as 
a  dore-tre  "  was  the  original  one,  but  was 
gradually  superseded  by  the  other,  which, 
being  more  striking,  may  have  caught  the 
popular  fancy  ? 

Another  old  writer  (Alexander,  1400-1450) 
has  "  Dom  as  a  dore-nayle  and  defe  was  he 
bathe,"  but  there  is  no  difficulty  in  this  com- 
parison, nor  in  Urquhart's  "  Deaf  as  a  door- 
nail "  (Rabelais  iii.  34).  It  is  interesting  to 
note  that  the  alternative  form  of  the  latter, 
viz.,  "deaf  as  a  post,"  or  "deaf  as  a  door- 
post "  has  been  the  one  to  survive. 


Shakespeare,  '  2  Hen.  VI.'  IV.  xi.,  make; 
Jack  Cade  say  to  Alexander  Iden,  "If  ! 
doe  not  leave  you  as  dead  as  a  doore-naile 
I  pray  God  I  may  never  eat  grass  more.' 
Since  then  the  expression  occurs  frequently 
in  English  literature.  N.  E.  TOKE. 

If  Dickens  did  write  "  a  coffin-nail  is  th< 
deadest  piece  of  ironmongery  in  the  trade,' 
he,  nevertheless,  emphasised  the  complete 
ness  of  Marley's  decease  by  insisting  tha 
"  Marley  was  dead. . .  .There  was  no  doub 

about  that Old  Marley  was  as  dead  as  ; 

door-nail  "  ('The  Christmas  Carol,'  p.  1). 

Who  may  track  the  originator  of  th 
comparison  ?  ST.  SWITHIN. 

[MR.  DE  V.  PAYEN- PAYNE,  MR.  ARCHIBAL 
RPARKE,  and  MR.  W.  G.  WILLIS  WATSON  als 
thanked  for  replies.] 

HEDGEHOGS  (12  S.  iv.   76,   140;  v.   105 

160). — Two  legends  relating  to  the  habit 
of  the  hedgehog  are  of  great  antiquity,  an< 
from  time  to  time  the  inquiry  is  mad 
whether  there  is  any  truth  in  either  of  them 
In  one  it  is  alleged  that  the  hedgehog  i 
accustomed  to  roll  itself  amongst  fa-llei 
apples  and  figs,  and  to  carry  off  the  frui 
impaled  upon  its  spines  ;  in  the  other  i 
is  asserted  that  the  hedgehog  being  fon< 
of  milk  will  suck  the  udders  of  cows  whei 
lying  down  and  even  when  grazing.  Th 
subject  has  been  recently  discussed  ver; 
exhaustively  by  Mr.  Miller  Christy,  F.L.Sl 
in  a  paper  read  before  the  Mancheste 
Literary  and  Philosophical  Society  ii 
March  last  and  just  published  in  the  Memoir 
and  Proceedings  of  that  society.  It  i 
contained  in  pt.  1  of  vol.  Ixiii.  and  may  b 
obtained  from  the  Secretary,  36  Georg 
Street,  Manchester.  In  this  article  Mi 
Christy  has  collected  a  great  many  quota 
tioas  bearing  on  the  subject,  from  ancien 
and  modern  authors  ,  which  he  criticise 
on  their  merits,  and  draws  his  own  con 
elusions.  J.  E.  HARTING. 

HAMPSHIRE  CHURCH  BELLS  AND  THEI 
FOUNDERS  (12  S.  iv.  188,  341  ;  v.  44,  109).- 
After  reading  the  interesting  notes  by  Di 
J.  L.  WHITEHEAD  and  MR.  H.  B.  WALTER 
on  the  mystery  of  the  unknown  f ounder  wit] 
the  initials  R.  B.,  I  am  inclined  to  thin] 
that  the  original  ring  of  six  bells  at  St.  Mary's 
Bampton,  Oxon,  may  possibly  have  som 
connexion  with  his  foundry.  The  rini 
remained  intact  till  1865,  when  the  seconi 
was  recast  by  Mears  &  Stainbank.  Th 
treble,  2  (before  recasting),  3,  4,  and  5,  wer 
inscribed:  "  +Anno  Domini +1629.  Th 
Tenor -f  come  .  when  .  I  .  call  .  to  .  serve 
God  .  all  1629+  "  (between  the  rims). 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


305 


On  the  waist,  which  I  have  never  pre- 
viously noticed  until  a  few  months  ago,  is 
incised  :  "  .  Wardens  .  Chvroh  .  R  D  .  T  G  . 
IB."  The  first  two  pairs  of  initials  would 
probably  be  those  of  the  churchwardens  and 
the  latter  the  bellfounders'.  The  lettering 
on  all  the  bells,  except  the  second,  is  1|  in. 
size  and  the  cross  which  is  placed  before  and 
after  the  date  is  a  cross  paty.  The  fifth, 
which  had  become  cracked,  was  recast  in 
1903  by  Hears  &  Stainbank. 

In  1905  two  new  bells  were  added  to 
increase  the  ring  to  eight,  and  placed  in  an 
iron  frame. 

Inscription  on  new  treble  between  the 
rims  :  — 

Mears  &  Stainbank,  founders,  London,  1906. 
On  waist :  — 

A.D.  Dei  gloriam 

et  in  rnem  : 

Harriet  Sarah  Southby 
et    Ann    Herman -Fisher. 

MDCCCCV. 

Second,  between  the  rims  :  — 

Mears  &  Stainbank,  founders,  London,  1906. 

On  waist  :  — 

A.D.  Dei  gloriam  et 
in  mem  :  Gul :  Knowlton,  Hampshire. 

Hujus  Eeclesiae. 
Vjcarii  MDCOCXCV  |  MDCCCCV. 

The  old  treble,  now  the  present  third,  was 
also  recast  in  1906  to  make  the  ring  more 
harmonious.  It  is  now  inscribed,  on  the 
waist  :  — 

Cast  A.D.  1629.  recast  A.D.  1906. 

If  the  initials  I.  B.  on  the  tenor  bell  are 
those  of  the  bellfounder  and  he  had  any 
connexion  with  R.  B.,  he  might  possiby 
have  been  his  successor  as  R.  B.'s  bells  are 
said  not  to  occur  after  1622. 

The  founder  of  the  Bampton  tenor  bell 
used  a  diamond-shaped  stop  between  each 
word.  William  Eldridge  made  use  of  a 
somewhat  similar  stop  on  the  fourth, 
seventh,  and  tenor  bells  at  Newport,  Isle  of 
Wight.  When  the  fifth  bell  was  taken  away 
to  be  recast  it  weighed  nearly  1£  cwt.  more 
than  the  founders  anticipated.  The  tenor 
is  a  very  fine  toned  bell  and  said  to  weigh 
nearly  30  cwt. 

I  hope  to  visit  Bampton  again  soon  and 
will  inquire  if  there  are  any  churchwardens' 
accounts  which  can  bring  to  light  any  more 
information  of  the  1629  ring  and  the  name 
of  the  founder.  L.  H.  CHAMBERS. 

Bedford. 

OLD  WATCH-  AND  CLOCK-MAKERS  (12  S 
v.  237). — John  Price  was  apprenticed  in 
1678  to  R.  Nemes,  Clockmakers'  Company. 

M.A. 


R.    S.    SURTEES    (12    S.    v.    122,    245).— 
The  following  was  in  The  Times  of  July  27,. 
1916:- 

"  Miss  Elizabeth  Ann  Surtees,  of  Hamsterley 
Hall,  Durham,  eldest  daughter  of  the  late  Kobert 
Smith  Surtees,  author  of  '  Mr.  Sponge's  Sporting 
Tour,'  and  sister  of  the  Dowager  Lady  Gort,  left 
estate  valued  at  102,1121.  gross,  with  52,681Z.  net 
personalty." 

There  is  a  good  account  of  R.  S.  Surtees 
prefixed  to  an  un-illustrated  edition  of 
'  Jorrocks's  Jaunts  and  Jollities,'  pub- 
lished, I  think,  about  1878.  W.  B.  H. 

Two  POPES  (12  S.  v.  266).— As  regards 
the  triple  crown  of  the  popes,  Dr.  Wood- 
ward notes  ('Ecclesiastical  Heraldry/ 
p.  151):- 

"  There  is  much  uncertainty  as  to  the  time  when 
the  coronets  were  added  to  the  original  infula,  the  • 
simple  mitre  of  the  Bishops  of  Rome.  The  usual 
accoiint  is  that  the  first  was  sent  to  Rome  by 
Clovis.  King  of  the  Franks ;  the  second  added  by 
Pope  Boniface  VIII.  (1294-1303);  and  the  third' 
either  by  Benedict  XIII.  or  Urban  V.  I  recently 
remarked  that  on  the  tomb  of  Pope  Boniface  in 
the  basilica  of  S.  John  Lateran  the  tiara  has  but 
one  coronet.  This  is,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  the 
first  appearance  of  it  in  connection  with  the  Papal 
arms." 

ST.  SWITHIN. 

TOMBSTONE  INSCRIPTION  (12  S.  v.  267). — 
Does  not  the  line, 

Hvic  Lux  Prima  mori  dedit  Octobns,  Seniori, 
mean  that  he  died  on  the  first  of  October 
[1125],  at  an  advanced  age  ?  The*  comma 
after  Octobris  is  misleading,  and  dedit  mori 
would,  I  think,  in  classical  times  have 
implied  that  death  was  a  boon — which 
perhaps  it  was.  In  any  case,  it  is  good 
enough  for  "  lapidary  "  Latin. 

C.  B.  WHEELER. 

The  fifth  line  apparently  means,  literally, 
"  The  first  dawn  of  October  bestowed  death 
on  this  old  man  "  =  "This  old  man  died  on 
the  morning  of  October  1st." 

N.  POWLETT,  Col. 

[E.  VV.  B.  and  MR.  JOHN  B.  WAINE  WRIGHT  also 
thanked  for  replies.] 

MARRIAGES  (12  S.  v.  262). — It  would 
certainly  be  useful  if  readers  interested  in 
genealogy  compiled  lists  of  marriages  from 
unpublished  notes  in  their  possession,  but 
I  am  afraid  their  value  would  be  slight  if  no 
place  of  marriage  could  be  given.  Failing 
that,  the  place  of  residence  of  either  or  both 
parties  should  be  stated.  It  is  the  absence 
of  places  in  statements  of  genealogical  fact 
that  renders  them  so  difficult  to  verify. 
We  all  know  this  difficulty  and  are  well 


306 


NOTES  AND  QUER1KS.          [12  ».  v.  NOV.,  1919. 


aware  of  the  waste  of  time  caused  by 
attempts  to  verify  loose  and  inexact  asser- 
tions in  ancient  pedigree-tables.  This 
Society  would  be  glad,  nevertheless,  to 
receive  schedules  of  the  marriages  in  any 
family,  taken  from  the  archives  and  note -3 
of  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  and  would  file  them 
under  the  principal  family  n^me  concerned, 
so  that  they  would  always  be  immediately 
available  for  purposes  of  reference. 

GEORGE  SHERWOOD,  Hon.  Treasurer. 
The  Society  of  Genealogists  of  London, 
5  Bloomsbury  Square,  W.CJ.l. 

EXCHANGE  OF  SOULS  IN  FICTION  (12  S. 
v.  124,  191,  246,  279).— At  the  second 
reference  both  MR.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE  and 
MR.  N.  W.  HILL  adduce  R.  S.  Hichens' 
'  Flames  :  a  London  Phantasy  '  as  an 
instance  required  by  your  querist  under  this 
heading.  Oddly  enough,  since  the  pen- 
ultimate reference  appeared  I  have  read  a 
volume  entitled  '  Byways,'  by  Robert 
Hichens  which  contains  stories  all  closely 
akin  to  those  already  enumerated,  '  The 
Charmer  of  Snakes,'  '  A  Tribute  of  Souls,' 
'An  Echo  in  Egypt,,'  'The  Face  of  the 
Monk,'  and  'A  Silent  Guardian.'  The 
second  named  evidently  resembles  '  Flame?,' 
by  (apparently)  the  same  author  though  the 
locus  in  quo  is  placed  in  Africa  ;  the  last  is 
the  story  of  a  poul  infused  into  a  marble 
statue — all  of  them  weird  compositions 
which  can  legitimately  find  a  place  amongst 
those  of  which  your  querist  is  in  search. 

J.    B.    MCGOVERN. 

PORTRAITS  ON  GRAVESTONES  (12  S.  ii.  210, 
'277,  377,  459  ;  in.  14  ;  v.  250).— Any  traveller 
held  up  for  an  hour  at  Woodford  Junction 
on  the  G.C.R.  may  see  for  himself  in  the 
churchyard,  an  unrivalled  series  of  grave- 
stone portraits,  by  artists  of  the  Horton 
School,  mainly  of  the  later  years  of  the 
seventeenth  century.  They  include  busts 
in  relief  of  the  deceased,  often  both  of 
husband  and  wife,  and  occasionally,  full 
lengths  in  high  relief,  not  by  any  means 
the  only  examples  to  be  met,  with  locally  of 
such  ambitious  sculptural  efforts. 

J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

BLACKWELL  HALL  FACTOR  (12  S.  v.  266). 
• — Blackwell  Hall,  or  as  it  was  sometimes 
named,  Bakewell  or  Blakewell  Hall,  was  a 
market  place  which  was  removed  in  1820 
to  make  way  for  the  new  Courts  of  Law  at 
the  Guildhall,  and  extended  almost  to 
Basinghall  Street.  The  earliest  mention  of 
it  is  in  1356  in  the  '  Calendars  of  the  Letter 
Books  of  the  City  of  London  '  (Letter  G. 


p.  67)  when  it  is  referred  to  as  "  Bakkewelle 
halle,"  though  the  property  was  granted  t< 
John  de  Banquell  in  1293.  From  1396  tin 
place  was  used  as  a  market  place  for  woollei 
cloths,  and  foreigners  were  directed  to  brini 
their  woollen  cloth  for  sale  to  Bakwellehalle 
Stow  describes  it  as  a  market  place  fo: 
cloths,  and  says  it  was  rebuilt  at  the  end  o 
the  sixteenth  century.  It  was  burnt  in  th< 
fire,  1666,  rebuilt  1672,  and  finally  remove< 
in  1820.  It  is  evident,  therefore,  that  i 
"Blackwell  Hall  Factor"  was  a  clotl 
merchant  at  the  Blackwell  Hall  market. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 
[  MR.  F.  A.  RUSSELL  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

THE  LUMBER  TROOP,  FETTER  LANI 
(12  S.  i.  469,  515). — An  account  of  this  clul 
is  given  in  Grant's  '  Sketches  in  London, 
1840,  chap,  iii.,  with  three  illustrations. 

J.  ARDAGH. 

49  Nansen  Road,  Lavender  Hill,  S.W.I1. 

RICHARD  HOOKER'S  BUST  (12  S.  v.  152).— 
Certainly  "  Bishopsborne."  See  p.  11  o 
Dean  Church's  edition  (Oxford,  1888)  o: 
book  i.  of  '  Hooker,'  quoting  Walton' i 
Introduction  to  his  '  Life  of  Hooker.' 

W.  A.  B.  C. 

HERVEY  OR  HERVET  (12  S.  v.  95,  167 
189,  246). — I  cannot  think  with  MR.  HILI 
that  Hervet  can  possibly  be  a  result  oi 
Hervetus.  It  is  much  more  likely  thai 
Hervetus  was  a  result  of  Hervet.  Thai 
people  in  English  villages  should  go  or 
saying  Harvet  for  six  hundred  years  becaus< 
now  and  then  a  monk  or  a  scribe  had  writtei 
Hervetus  on  a  bit  of  parchment,  does  noi 
seem  likely.  S.  H.  A.  H. 

SHAKESPEARE  AND  THE  GARDEN  (12  S 
v.  153,  193).— See  'The  Rural  Life  o 
Shakespeare,  as  illustrated  by  his  Works, 
by  C.  Roach  Smith,  2nd  ed.,  1874  (pub 
lished  by  subscription).  E.  BRABROOK. 

Laugham  House,  Wallmgton,  Surrey. 

'  QUENTIN  DURWARD  '  (12  S.  v.  268).- 
The  lines  quoted  in  paragraph  7  are  fron 
Leyden's  '  Lord  Soulis,'  a  fine  ballad  to< 
little  known.  As  Ley  den  di:d  only  a  fev 
years  before  Scott,  "Old  Ballad"  is  a  littli 
strained.  N.  POWLETT.  Col. 

PRESIDENT  WILSON'S  ANCESTORS  (12  S 
iv.  298  ;  v.  51).— Mr.  Philip  Gibbs  under  th< 
heading  '  Heroine  of  Cambrai,'  described  ii 
The  Daily  Chronicle  of  May  31  his  meetinj 
with  Miss  Mary  Cunningham  after  the  cap 
ture  of  Cambrai  by  the  Allies.  In  a  previou 
article  in  the  same  paper  he  dealt  fully  wit! 


12  S.  V.  Nov.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


the  story  of  this  octogenarian  lady's  life 
-during  the  German  occupation.  Miss  Cun- 
ningham, who  is  of  Ulster  birth,  has  now 
returned  to  Belfast.  Her  grandmother, 
Miss  Kimmins,  was,  it  appears,  a  sister  of 
the  great -grandmother  of  President  Wilson. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

RALPH  GRIFFITHS  (12  S.  v.  236,  279).— 
For  Ralph  Griffiths  (not  Griffith)  see  the 
4D.N.B.,'  and  Forster's  'Life  of  Gold- 
smith,' passim.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 


0n 


Spoken  and  Written  English.  By  Henry  Brad- 
ley. (Oxford,  Clarendon  Press.  2s.  net.) 
THE  brief  heading  we  give  is  that  on  the  cover 
•of  this  pamphlet,  a  reprint  of  a  paper  read  at 
the  International  Historical  Congress  of  1913, 
and  issued  in  the  Proceedings  of  the  British 
Academy.  Dr.  Bradley,  in  charge  of  the 
Great  Oxford  Dictionary,  is  our  best  authority 
on  English,  and  we  welcome  this  record  of 
his  views  destined  for  general  circulation. 
The  relations  between  spoken  and  written 
English  are  seldom  seriously  considered,  while 
the  average  speaker  and  writer  go  along  merrily 
in  their  sloppy  way,  ignoring  obvious  deficiencies. 
Going  down  to  first  principles,  Dr.  Bradley  pro- 
duces some  shrewd  criticisms  on  the  advocates  of 
simplified  spelling.  He  shows  that  we  have  no 
justification  for  regarding  "  the  history  of  English 
spelling  as  a  story  of  nothing  but  blundering  and 
stupid  and  indolent  conservatism."  The  immense 
world  of  print  to-day  has  a  great  advantage  in 
j  influence  over  spoken  English,  and  Dr.  Bradley's 
j  final  word  is  that  "English  is  far  more  unsuited 
than  the  European  tongues  to  be  written  pho- 
I  netically."  Written  language  has  developed 
i  independently  of  spoken,  particularly  in  the 
i  vast  vocabulary  which  is  made  out  of  Greek 
and  Latin  words,  and  is  being  daily  increased 
by  men  of  science.  Now  the  great  pur- 
pose of  written  language  is  to  convey  meaning, 
not  sound.  In  fact,  many  words  have,  reverting 
j  to  the  oldest  forms  of  writing,  become  ideographs. 
The  phonetic  value  of  the  letters  is  forgotten, 
and  a  spelling,  phonetically  incorrect,  will  tell  the 
practised  reader  what  is  meant  quicker  than  the 
most  accurate  of  philological  symbols.  Such  a 
reader  associates  a  group  of  letters  with  a  certain 
jword,  or  as  much  of  that  group  as  he  needs 
| to  read.  If,  for  instance,  he  has  got  as  far  as 
I  "foil"  and  expects  a  verb,  he  makes  out  the 
| word  "follow"  without  reading  the  "  ow,"  just 
ias,  we  imagine,  readers  of  music  know  that  cer- 
:tain  notes  must  be  combined  in  chords,  and  do 
snot  need  to  read  all  of  them  to  play  them  cor- 
jrectly.  What  precisely  goes  on  in  the  mind  of 
'the  practised  reader  it  is  difficult  to  say,  and  Dr. 
Bradley's  record  of  his  own  experience  is  of  great 
interest. 

:  A  main  difficulty  in  English  is  the  amount  of 
(words  with  different  meanings  and  the  same  pro- 
(nunciation,  or^roughly  the  same.  This  causes  con- 


fusion  in  speech,  as  Dr.  Bradley  shows  amusingly 
in  the  case  of  an  Oxford  orator,  and  gives  a  chance 
to  the  punster.  It  also  tends  to  loss  of  words. 
Thus  "  son  "  has  disappeared  from  dialects  in  many 
parts  of  England,  though  "daughter"  is  in  every- 
day use.  The  confusion  between  "son"  and 
"sun  "  has  certainly  something  to  do  with  this. 

Some  *rery  interesting  remarks  are  made  on  the 
prevalence  of  "undemocratic"  words  in  our  lan- 
guage, words  such  a«  appeal  to  the  classically 
educated.  It  is  pointed  out  that  4i  it  is  on  the 
resemblance  of  their  customary  written  form  to 
the  written  form  of  Latin  or  Greek  words  that 
their  mental  effect  depends.  If  their  spelling 
were  materially  changed,  the  motive  for  using 
them  would  be  gone,  and  multitudes  of  them 
would  become  obsolete."  Dr.  Bradley  regards  the 
use  of  such  words  as  "a  symptom  of  disease."  But 
the  use  of  sonorous  words  of  some  kind  is  an 
ineradicable  instinct  in  humanity.  Are  we  to 
throw  away  the  majestic  polysyllables  of  Greece 
and  Rome,  and  what  are  we  going  to  put  in  their 
place?  The  supersession  of  the  present  literary 
vocabulary  with  all  its  traditions  seems  a  heavy 
price  to  pay  for  one  that  will  rest  on  the  sound 
foundation  of  the  oral  vernacular.  Poets  may  and 
do  occasionally  attempt  a  little  reform  in  spelling, 
but  general  reform  is  a  vastly  more  difficult  matter. 
It  would  have  to  be  adopted  by  a  preponderant 
part  of  the  newspaper  world,  and  some  agreement 
as  to  the  best  among  a  crowd  of  different  pronun- 
ciations would  have  to  be  reached.  At  present 
the  world  seems  tending  more  to  a  facetious  and 
rejoicing  ignorance  in  such  matters  than  to  acqui- 
escence in  the  verdict  of  those  who  know. 

We  have  only  dealt  with  one  or  two  points  in 
Dr.  Bradley's  survey  of  the  subject.  It  needs  close 
attention  throughout,  and  is  well  worth  it. 

A  Concise  Guide  to  the  Town  and  University  of 
Cambridge.  By  John  Willis  Clark,  M.A.  6th 
edition,  1919.  (Bowes  &  Bowes,  Cambridge, 
Is.  Qd.) 

THIS  handy  book  has  enjoyed  popularity  for  over 
twenty  years.  Since  1910  when  the  author  died, 
there  have  been  two  editions.  This,  the  second, 
differs  very  little  from  its  predecessor  of  19 1 6,  tor 
the  obvious  reason  that  building  arid  other  deve- 
lopments were  hindered  or  stopped  by  the  War. 
Why  is  it  that  the  guide  talks  of  Andrew  Dokett's 
statue  and  Dokett  Building  in  Queen's  College? 
Dockett  usfd  to  be  the  accepted  University 
spelling,  and  we  have  not  heard  of  any  change. 
We  regret  that  the  front  cover  is  marred  by  the 
advertisement  on  the  insido  which  shows  through. 


BOOKSELLERS'    CATALOGUES. 

ERNEST  COOPER,  late  H.  G.  Commin,  of  Bourne- 
mouth, in  his  last  Catalogue  of  1,294  items,  has 
some  interesting  books,  for  the  most  part  from 
The  Manor  House,  Hayling  Island,  and  comprising 
'  Don  Quixote,'  coloured  plates  by  Clarke,  in 
original  boards.  121.  ;  vols.  i  to  xxxv.  of  '  Archaeo- 
logia,' with  Indexes,  bound  in  half  russia,  a  good 
clean,  sound  set.  10^.  lO*.  ;  Hutchins1  '  History  of 
Dorset,'  third  and  best  edition,  101.  10s.  ;  Catlin's 
'  North  American  Indians.'  coloured  plates,  2  vols., 
51.  ICM.  ;  '  Numismatic  Journal  and  Proceedings  of 
British  Numismatic  Society,'  edited  bv  W.  J. 


308 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  Nov.,  191 J 


Andrews,  first  series,  vols.  ii.  to  viii.  (1905-11) 
41.  4s.  Also  a  nice  copy  of  O'Brien's  '  Round 
Towers  of  Ireland,' half  niorocco,  27s.  6d. ;  a  fine 
copy  of  Braithwaite's  'British  Moss  Flora,'  3  vols., 
3£.  3s. ;  an  interesting  selection  of  American  Ethno- 
logy ;  Maori  Art ;  several  rare  items  on  Hampshire 
and  Dorset.  Hunting  and  Sporting.  Altogether  a 
versatile  collection  at  reasonable  prices. 

MESSRS.  DOBELL'S  Catalogue  No.  286  contains  a 
number  of  rare  books  in  early  English  Literature. 
The  outstanding  item  is  the  book  of  Writing 
Tables  of  1581,  in  its  original  gilt  binding,  and  with 
the  asse's  skin,  on  prepared  ivory  tablets,  complete 
Very  few  of  these  Table  Books  have  survived  ; 
their  Shakespearean  interest  is  at  once  recalled  by 
Hamlet's  words,  "My  Tables— meet  it  is  1  set  it 
down,"  and  allusions  in  other  plays.  A  copy  of 
'  A  Yorkshire  Tragedie.'  1619,  is  also  offered,  and 
other  rare  Shakespeariana,  together  with  books  by 
Shirley,  Smollett,  Sterne,  Swift,  Taylor  the  Water 
Poet,  Wither:  also  Romances  of  Chivalry,  Tracts 
on  the  Rebellion  of  1745,  and  miscellaneous  books 
of  more  than  usual  interest. 

WILLIAM  GLAISHER  LTD.,  of  265  High  Holborn, 
have  sent  us  a  copy  of  their  new  Catalogue  of 
Publishers'  Remainders.  This  catalogue  contains  a 
great  variety  of  books  in  all  branches  of  literature, 
offered  for  a  fraction  of  their  original  prices. 

MR.  J.  MILES'S  (of  Leeds)  Catalogue  No.  212  con- 
tains some  finely-bound  books,  including  an  unusu- 
ally complete  collection  of  Ritsori's  Works,  44  vols., 
first  editions,  25Z. ;  books  with  fore-edge  painting  ; 
the  1495  Arretini,  and  other  early  printed  items,  as 
well  as  first  editions  of  Dickens  and  other  modern 
authors,  illustrated  French  books,  Dodeen's  Herbal, 
first  edition,  1578,  '251. ,  Purcell's  '  Orpheus  Britan- 
nicus,'  1706, 3/.  15*.,  a  finely  bound  set  of  the  library 
edition  of  Ruskin,  35/.,  a  set  of  the  Story  of  the 
Nations.  10A  10-s.,  and  some  valuable  books  relat- 
ing to  Yorkshire,  &c. 

MESSRS.  J.  RIMELL  t  SON  (of  Shaftesbury 
Avenue)  forward  their  Catalogue  No.  249,  com- 
prising Books  on  the  Fine  Arts,  British  Topography 
and  General  Literature,  including  Galleries,  Por- 
traits, Costume  Furniture,  Decoration,  Ornaments, 
Pottery  and  Porcelain,  Etchings,  Biographies, 
London,  &c. 

MESSRS.  SOTHERAN  have  issued  an  annotated  and 
classified  Catalogue  of  Rare  Books  on  Exact  and 
Applied  Science,  including  the  library  of  the  late 
Prof.  Henrici  and  a  large  portion  of  that  of  Prof. 
Govi.  In  addition  to  many  rare  prints,  such  as 
the  Novum  Organum,  editio  princeps  (16*20),  we 
note  as  of  special  value  to  libraries  of  learned 
societies,  academies  and  colleges,  complete  series  of 
the  earlier  numbers  of  such  publications  as  the 
Quarterly  Journal  of  Microscopical  Science,  the 
chemical  Jahresbericht,  which  are  not  easily 
obtainable.  In  particular,  there  is  offered  the 
very  rare  complete  set  of  the  Philosophical 
Transactions  of  the  Royal  Society  from  their 
beginning  in  1665  to  the  present  day  (1916).  The 
entire  series  is  very  difficult  to  secure  now,  and 
many  of  the  volumes  between  1750  and  1830  are 
extremely  scarce.  There  is  an  extensive  list  of 
general  works  on  Geology,  Astronomy,  Physics, 
Metallurgy,  Chemistry,  Crystallography,  and 
Naval  Architecture. 


ia  (fcmsponfonts. 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  private 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  ans\v 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  quei 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  va 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  meani 
disposing  of  them. 

EDITORIAL  communications  should  be  addres: 
to  "  The  Editor  of  '  Notes  and  Queries  '  "— Adv 
tisements  and  Business  Letters  to  "  The  P 
lishers  " — at  the  Office,  Bream's  Buildings, Chanc 
Lane,  E.C.4. 

Letters  forwarded  to  COL.  FYNMORE,  MR.  "W 
FRID  HOOPER,  and  MR.  W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

CORRIGENDUM. — Ante,  p.  190,  col.  1,  1.  12, 
"  Hal  brook  "  read  Holbrook. 


THE   ONLY   MAGAZINE   OF  ITS   KIND! 
it 


For  Readers,    Writers.  Teachers,   Students 

and  all  Lovers  of  the  Language. 

6d.  Monthly.    8d.  Post  Free.     Annual  Subs.  7s.  6c 

W.  &  G.  FOYLE,  Ltd., 

121-125   Charing   Cross   Road,   London,   W.C.2. 


J      HARVEY     BLOOM,     M.A.     (Cambridf 
.  Archivist  and  Genealogist, 

601  BANK  CHAMBERS.  J29  HIGH  HoLRORN.  E.C.I. 
Mr.  Bloom  is  prepared  to  arrange  and  Calendar  Collections  of  Fa; 
and  Documents,   to  Condense  and  Edit  Material  for  Manorial 
Family  History,  and  to  give  advice  on  all  Antiquarian   Matt 
Prospectus  on  application. 


W 


ARWICKSHIRE      EDUCATIC 

COMMITTEE. 


POST   AS   LIBRARIAN. 

Applications  are  invited  for  the  post  of  LIBRARIAN  of 
CARNEGIE  RURAL  LIBRAKY,  about  to  be  ntart*d  in  Wan? 
shire.  Salary  £300.  Women  may  apply.  Duties  to  commence 
APRIL  1,  1920. 

Further  particulars  and  form  of  application  can  be  obtained  f 
the  DIRECTOR  OF  EDDCAT10N,  Education  Office,  Warwick. 


WANTRD.-SOMEONE  TO  TRACE  FAMI1 

V  Y  CONNECTIONS,  beginning  in  the  Eighteenth  Century, 
going  backwards.  Definite  date  to  start  on.  The  name  of  Chi 
nnd  name  of  Family  also.— Reply  Box  66,  Athenaeum  Press,  Bres 
Buildiugs,  Chancery  Lane,  E.C.4. 


DESE  ARCHES,      Proof-Reading,     Indexii 

Lt  Revision  of  M8S.  Good  experience.  Highest  testimonials. 
Town  daily.-Mr.  F.  A.  HADLAND,  15  Bellevue  Mansions.  Foi 
Hill.  S.E.23. 


ANTIQUARIAN     TYPEWRITING.  — ( 
Family  Papers,    M88.,  Pedigrees,    Notes,    Letters,    verj 
Parchments  and  Deeds. 

KATHARINE    SHERWOOD,  210  Strand.  London, W.C.2. 


BOOKS.  —  ALL    OUT  -  OF  -  PRINT    BOO! 
supplied    no   matter   on    what   subject.     Please  state  wai 
Burke's  Peerage,  new  copies.  1914,  St. ;  1915. 10«. ;  published  42«.  i 
—BAKER'S  Great  Bookshop,  14-16  John  Bright  Street,  Birmmgna 


rnHE   AUTHOR'S    HAIRLESS    PAPER-PA 


(The  LBADENHALL  PRESS.  Ltd..  Publighers  and  Priuten 

29  47  GARDEN  ROW, 

ST.   GEORGE'S    ROAD,    SOOTH WARK,    S.E.I.) 
Contains   hairloHR   papp",    orer  which   the  pen  «Up«   with  rprf 
freedom.    Ninepence  each.     8».  per   doien,  ruled  or  plain, 
size,  61.  per  dozen,  ruled  or  plain. 
HTlCKPIlAbT  is  a.  clean  white  Pasts  and  not  inuessy  liqui 


Poo 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


309 


LONDON,  DECEMBER,  1910 

CONTENTS.— No.    99. 

NOTES  :— Bank  Note  Slang,  309—'  Fai  ewt-1  Folly '  and  '  The 
Amorous  Miser,'  310 — Statues  and  Memorials  in  the 
British  Isles,  312— "Hedsilver,"  313— Royal  Commission 
on  Public  Kecords  —  Curious  Christian  Epitaph,  314  — 
"Never  prophesy  unless  you  know"— 'St.  Srephen  and 
Herod'— Dr  Fell  —  Persistent  Error  —  Literature  and 
Iconography  of  London  Peace  Celebrations,  315. 

QUERIES  :  —  Edmund  Uvedale  —  Bulteel  :  Carrique  : 
Haynes  :  Swanne— "  We  Four  Fools,"  316— Tradesmen's 
Cards  and  Bill-Heads — "  Est  melius  nunquam  felicia 
tempera  nosse."  &c.— Burning  of  File-ship— King  Rescued 
by  bis  Dogs— Parks  Family— Amos  Russel— Street  Names 
—'In  Flanders'  Fields '—Hamilton  of  Liscloor  y— North 
of  England,  317— 'Bertram  de  Bourne '—Mrs.  Siddons— 
Countless  Stones  at  Aylesford — Walter  Hamilton — '  Fair 
Mile'— Rev.  J.  T.  Desaguliers— Lawrence  Wodecocke— 
"  Bonfire  Night "— "  If  I  should  die  to-night,"  318— Breed- 
ing of  Woodcocks  —  Green  Holly— "  Cellarius"— Harry 
Taylor— George  Deering — Richard  Prosper — Miniature 
Man-of-War— Wm.  Hawkins :  Anne  Walton,  319— "Horse- 
leperde" — Collingwood  and  Lawson— Christmas  Carol— 
Fletcher  of  Madeley— Cistercian  Order— 'Swiss  Family 
Robinson  '—Mediaeval  Immurement — Danvers  Family — 
Elmes  Family— Longwor;h  Castle— Graf  ton,  Oxon— Log 
House,  320— Lieut. -Gen.  Sharpe — Maison  Rouge— Smale — 
Wilson — Prince  James  Francis  Edward  Stuart— Charles 
Howard  Hodges— Thumb  Latch— "The  Beautiful  Mrs. 
Conduitt,"  321 -Ann  of  Swansea— Authors  Wanted,  322. 

REPLIES  :— Yeomen  of  the  Mouth,  322— Maule— '  Tragedy 
of  Nero  '—Shit  Id  of  Flanders,  323— Court  of  St.  James— 
Richenda— Richard  Warnford,  324  -"  When  you  die  of  old 
age  "—Chess— Derivation  of  Names,  325— Anthony  Todd 
— Charles  I's  Journey — "Rain  cats  and  dogs" — David, 
"Episcopus  Recreensis"— "  Argyles,"  326— Edward  the 
Confessor's  Crown — 'Tom  Jones' — Hamilton — Emerson's 
•English  Traits'— John  Hoole,  327— Marazion— Field- 
names—Grim  or  Grime — Beacon sfield's  Birthplace,  328— 
Rede-birds  —  Pseudonyms  —  Giants'  Names— Capt.  R. 
Boyle—'  Adeste  Fideles,'  329— Lord  J.  Vaughan— Gen.  J. 
Nicholson — Charles  Morris — "  Drink  by  word  of  mouth  " 
—Portraits  on  Gravestones -Translations  Wanted,  330— 
Church  Briefs — Bishop  of  Sorron — Ensign  Oliver  Crom- 
well—"Toponymies"— Wm.  Peer,  331— Bluecoat  Schools 
— Cantrell  Family — George  Shepherd— Devonian  Priests 
executed— Gavelacre,  332—"  Gamp  "—Dr.  Stocks— Lieut 
Pavry— Gilbert  White.  333— Three  Cripples— Exchange  of 
fc'ouls  in  Fiction— Elephant :  Oliphant- Authors  Wanted 
— Thomas  Cotesmore,  334 

NOTES  ON  BOOKS  :-The  Oxford  Dictionary— •  I/Inter- 
m^diaire  '—Booksellers'  Catalogues. 

OBITUARY :— Edward  Smith. 

Notices  to  Correspondents. 


BANK    NOTE    SLANG. 

THE  issue  of  paper  money  of  new  denomina- 
tions during  the  war  is  perhaps  of  too  recent 
origin  for  these  notes  to  have  yet  attained 
the  inevitable  distinction  of  having  a  nick- 
name or  slang  word  attached  to  them.  If, 
however,  precedent  holds  good  they  cannot 
fail  in  course  of  time  to  be  branded  by  some 
such  mark  of  familiarity,  just  as  their 
forerunners  have  been  and  as  their  contem- 
poraries are  now  known  amongst  certain, 
classes  of  people.  As  a  matter  of  fact,  a 
beginning  in  this  direction  has  already  been 
made  in  the  case  of  the  ten  shilling  Treasury 


note,  which  is  frequently  called  a  "  Brad 
bury,"  from  the  signature  of  the  Secretary 
to  the  Treasury  which  appears  somewhat 
prominently  upon  it. 

Before  the  war  broke  out  the  "  fiver  "  was 
the  b'ank  note  of  lowest  value  in  circulation 
in  England,  and  this  name  for  it  was 
commonly  known  and  extensively  used, 
not  only  by  those  addicted  to  the  use  of 
slang,  but  even  by  educated  people  in  ordinary 
talk.  A  verse  which  once  appeared  in  Fun 
may  be  quoted  as  containing  a  rather  pat 
illustration  of  the  word  :  — 

'Tis  the  last  quid  of  many 

Left  sadly  alone, 
All  its  golden  companions 
Are  changed  and  are  gone  ; 
No  coin  of  its  kindred, 

No  "  fiver"  is  here, 
To  burn  in  tobacco 
Or  melt  into  beer. 

The  "  fiver,"  moreover,  has  several  aliases 
less  familiar.  Probably  not  one  of  a 
hundred  who  know  the  note  as  a  "fiver" 
would  recognise  it  as  a  "  finnup  "  or  "  finny," 
while  fewer  still  have  ever  heard  of  it  as  an 
*  *  Abraham  Newland. "  "  Finnup , "  "  finny, ' ' 
or  "  finn  "  are  said  to  have  come  into  vogue 
through  the  Yiddish  pronunciation  of  the 
German  funf,  meaning  five.  They  are 
familiar  words  in  thieves'  jargon.  The 
term  "Abraham  Newland"  came  into  use 
over  a  century  ago,  but  it  is  now  obsolete, 
although  it  has  a  present-day  interest 
because  in  its  origin  it  is  analogous  to  the 
"  Bradbury  "  of  to-day,  as  it  was  coined  from 
the  name  of  the  chief  cashier  of  the  Bank  of 
England  about  a  century  ago.  The  name 
also  was  once  in  rather  significant  use  in  the 
phrase  "  to  sham  Abraham,"  which  was  then 
slang  for  "to  forge."  The  word  "fiver" 
will  naturally  call  to  the  reader's  mind  the 
usual  slang  for  a  £10  note,  viz.,  a  "tenner," 
which  also  is  less  commonly  known  as  a 
"  double  finnup." 

Sporting  people,  and  especially  betting 
people,  are  all  familiar  with  "  pony  "  for  £25 
and  "  monkey  "  for  £500.  The  former  word 
has  been  long  in  use,  for  one  finds  it  in 
Scott's  novel  '  St.  Ronan's  Well,'  written 
about  a  century  ago.  Whyte  Melville,  the 
novelist  of  sport,  may  be  cited  as  regards  the 
term  "  monkey,"  which  he  uses  in  this 
sentence  taken  from  '  Good  for  Nothing,' 
one  of  his  best-known  works  :  "  A  '  monkey  ' 
at  least  to  the  credit  side  of  your  own  book 
landed  in  about  a  minute  and  a  half."  It 
may  be  worth  noting  also  that  "monkey  " 
and  "  fiver  "  have  both  attained  more  than 
a  local  habitation,  for  our  American  cousins 
are  familiar  with  these  words  as  applied  to 


310 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  DEC.,  1919. 


their  bills  for  $500  and  $5.  The  use  of 
"  century  "  for  £100  never  properly  caught 
on,  although  it  is  found  occasionally,  as  in 
this  sentence  taken  from  The  Sportinq  Times  : 
"  A  little  cheque  for  a  century  is  the  pri^e  we 
offer  this  week  for  the  successful  accomj>lish- 
rnent  of  the  task  of  naming  the  first  three." 

'  Whitaker's  Almanac '  gives  two  slang 
words  which  the  present  writer  has  failed  to 
trace  elsewhere.  These  are  "  caw "  as 
equivalent  for  £1,000,  and  "marigold" 
for  £1,000,000.  No  dictionary,  however, 
mentions  these  terms,  not  even  the  great 
'  Slang  Dictionary  '  of  Barrere  and  Leland. 
The  'N.E.D.,'  incomparably  the  finest  and 
most  complete  in  our  language,  states,  indeed, 
that  "marigold"  was  once  the  slang  for  a 
sovereign,  and  it  quotes  a  sentence  from  one 
of  Cowley's  plays  written  in  the  seventeenth 
century.  The  words  are  :  "  I'll  presently  go 
put  five  hundred  marygolds  in  a  purse  for 
you."  No  mention  is  made  at  all  of  the 
word  ever  signifying  £1,000,000.  The  same 
has  to  be  said  of  "  caw,"  which  is  not  even 
referred  to  in  any  shape  or  form.  The  last 
term  which  requires  mention  here  stands  in 
no  such  uncertainty,  however,  and  its  use 
is  well  authenticated,  as  it  is  freely  found  in 
the  chief  writers  of  the  eighteenth  century, 
when  it  was  evidently  employed  much  as 
our  term  millionaire  is  nowadays.  This  is 
the  slang  term  "plum,"  which  stood  for 
£100,000.  It  has  been  suggested  that  the 
word  is  derived  from  the  Latin  pluma,  a 
feather,  the  idea  being  that  a  man  who  had 
accumulated  that  sum  had  feathered  his 
nest,  It  is  certainly  rather  curious  to  note 
that  the  Italian  and  Spanish  words  for 
feather  have  also  in  these  languages  the 
slang  meaning  of  money.  The  following 
quotation  from  an  early  number  of  Punch 
illustrates  the  use  of  the  word  even  in  quite 
recent  times  :  "  The  next  day  they  disposed 
of  their  swag  for  a  plum  and  invested  the 
proceeds  in  Spaniards  and  Turks." 

The  word,  as  a  matter  of  fact,  had  a 
double  use,  for  it  stood  both  for  the  actual 
sum  of  money  and  then,  by  transference,  it 
was  often  applied  to  the  happy  possessor 
of  such  a  sum,  who  appears  to  have  figured 
as  the  ancestor  of  our  modern  millionaire. 
Addison  uses  it  in  this  latter  sense  when  he 
wrote  of  :  "  Several  who  were  Plumbs,  or 
very  near  it,  became  men  of  moderate 
fortunes."  Fielding  also,  in  his  'True 
Patriot,'  when  advocating  a  certain  course 
of  action,  speaks  of  it  as  :  "A  thing  highly 
eligible  by  every  good  man,  i.e.,  every 

CHARLES  MENMUIB,  M.A. 
25  Garscube  Lane,  Glasgow. 


'  FAPvEWEL  FOLLY  '  AND  '  THE 
AMOROUS  MISER.' 

SOME  short  time  ago  (ante,  p.  254),  I 
remarked  upon  a  strange  confusion  which 
had  arisen  between  two  seventeenth-century 
plays :  Lee's  'The  Tragedy  of  Nero  '  and  the 
anonymous  '  Piso's  Conspiracy.'  Something 
like  the  same  confusion  appears  to  exist 
also  in  the  case  of  two  later  comedies, 
the  error  having  arisen  no  doubt  from  the 
fact  that  both  are  comparatively  rare,* 
and  that  both  have  been  given  by  their 
respective  authors  the  same  sub -title. 

'  The  Amorous  Miser  :  or,  The  Younger 
the  Wiser  '  is  chronicled  in  Genest  ('  Some 
Account  of  the  English  Stage,'  1820, 
ii.  318)  as  acted  at  Drury  Lane  Theatre  on 
Jan.  18,  1705,  under  the  name  of  '  Farewell 
Folly,'  its  run  being  upwards  of  six  nights 
(ib.,  ii.  319).  Genest  follows  Whincop  and 
other  early  historians  of  the  eighteenth - 
century  stage  in  attributing  it  to  Pierre 
Antoine  Motteux  (Thomas  Whincop,  '  Scan- 
derbeg  :  or,  Love  and  Liberty ....  To  which 
are  added  A  List  of  all  the  Dramatic 
Authors,  with  some  Account  of  their  Lives ; 
and  of  all  the  Dramatic  Pieces  ever  pub- 
lished in  the  English  Language,  to  the  Year 
1747,'  1747,  p.  264).  From  the  fact,  how- 
ever, that  '  The  Amorous  Miser  '  was  issued 
anonymously,  and  that  another  play,  signed 
by  Motteux  and  styled  '  Farewel  Folly : 
or,  The  Younger  the  Wiser,'  "  With  a  Musical 
Interlude  Call'd  The  Mountebank  :  or,  The 
Humours  of  the  Fair,"  was  published  in 
1707,  it  would  seem  that  the  two  plays 
must  be  reversed,  and  '  The  Amorous  Miser  ' 
struck  off  Motteux's  already  lengthy  list  of 
dramatic  productions.  The  editors  of  the 
'  Biographia  Dramatica  '  realised  that  the 
two  comedies  were  separate,  but  confused 
the  matter  still  further  by  declaring  that 
'  The  Amorous  Miser  '  was  "  reprinted  "  in 
1707  ('Biographia  Dramatica,'  1812,  ii.  25), 
and  that  '  Farewel  Folly  '  was  "  little  more 
than  an  alteration  and  enlargement  "  of  the 
former  play  (ib.,  ii.  222).  Neither  of  the 
two  productions  are  mentioned  either  in 
Sir  A.  W.  Ward's  'History  of  English 
Dramatic  Literature '  or  in  '  The  Cam- 
bridge History  of  English  Literature  '  (where 
the  Motteux  bibliography  in  viii.  438  omits 
both  plays). 

Pierre  Antoine  Motteux  is  a  familiar 
figure  in  early  eighteenth-century  dramatic 

*  Of  the  two,  '  The  Amorous  Miser '  is  in  the 
Bodleian  Library,  'Farewel  Folly'  in  the  British 
Museum. 


12  S.T.DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


311 


literature.  A  Frenchman  by  birth,  he  was 
born  in  the  year  of  the  Restoration,  1660, 
.-and,  on  the  Revocation  of  the  Edict  of 
Nantes,  he  journeyed  to  England,  where  he 
ibecame  a  business  magnate  on  a  small 
: scale,  "  had  a  very  genteel  place  in  the 

•  General    Post    Office,    relating    to    foreign 
letters,"    and    provided    the    theatres    with 
upwards  of  seventeen  or  eighteen  dramatic 
pieces,   besides  translating   '  Don   Quixote  ' 
from    the    original,  and    writing    numerous 
prologues,    epilogues,    and   songs   for   plays 
other  than  his  own.     A  complete  proficient 
:in  many  languages,  he  assisted  in  acclima- 
tising not  only  the  Italian  commedia  dell'  arte 
;in   England,*   but   also   the   Italian   opera, 

'  Arsinoe,   Queen  of  Cyprus  '   (Drury  Lane, 
1705),  and   '  Thomyris,   Queen  of  Scythia  ' 

•  (Drury  Lane,  1707),  both  being  his.     It  was 
-during    the    production    of    these    intended 
tragic  but  really  ludicrous  musical  dramas 
;that   the   two   comedies   referred  to   above 
;made  their  appearance. 

'  The  Amorous  Miser  '   consists   of  three 
:acts,  and  the  Prologue  informs  us  of  it :  — 
To  Night,  Gallants,  you're  to  expect  from  hence, 
No  Satyr,  Smut,  or  luscious  baudy  Scenes, 
The  Poet's  mannerly  and  cautious  too. 
And  neither  will  affront  himself,  nor  you  ; 
Faith  both  are  needless,  since  'tis  done  each  Day, 
By  you  who  judge,  and  him  who  writes  a  Play. 

'The  cynicism  with  which  such  prologues 
.and  epilogues  were  written  in  the  age  of 
Queen  Anne  is  not  so  apparent  here,  for  the 
comedy  does  in  reality  not  contain  over- 
much of  that  "  Smut  "  which  the  Reverend 
-Jeremy  Collier  had  so  inveighed  against 
;  seven  years  previously.  The  plot  deals 
mainly  with  an  old  miser,  Pedro  by  name, 
who  desires  to  marry  his  own  son's  fiancee. 
'The  misery  of  both  the  young  people  seems 
assured  when,  like  the  old  Vice  in  new 
clothing,  Diego,  the  servant  of  the  youth, 
-appears  with  his  ready  wit  new-sharpened 
by  the  extremity  of  the  case,  dresses  him- 
self as  a  Captain  of  Dragoons,  gathers 
together  an  unholy  band  of  roistering 
rascals  of  his  acquaintance,  pretends  to  the 
•old  Pedro  that  he  is  the  young  girl's  brother, 
quarters  himself  and  his  companions  in  his 
house,  and  eventually  frightens  him,  by  his 
noise  and  his  voraciousness,  into  abandon- 
ing his  senile  wishes  and  blessing  the  marriage 


*  Cf.    'Natural     Magic After    the    Italian 

Manner '    which    is    the     fifth    act    of    '  The 

Novelty.  Every  Act  a  Play  '  (Lincoln's  Inn 
Fields,  1697),  and  which  introduces  among  other 
characters  Pantalone,  Pasquarel,  Mezzelin,  and 
Columbina.  Motteux  was  indebted  likewise  to  an 
witraced  Italian  comedy  for  his  first  production, 
"'  Love's  a  Jest '  (Lincoln's  Inn  Fields,  1696). 


which,  this  being  a  comedy  or  a  farce,  we 
knew  from  the  beginning  was  inevitable. 
The  play  is,  as  I  have  said,  unsigned  by  any 
author's  name,  but  from  the  phrase  in  the 
Epilogue,  ridiculing  "  L'pine's  Italian 
Squeak,"  it  could  surely  not  have  been 
penned  by  Motteux,  as  it  was  precisely  the 
type  of  opera  which  the  Signora  Margarita 
L'Epine  patronised  that  Motteux  himself 
was  striving  to  introduce  in  England. 
She  did  not  appear  in  '  Arsinoe,'  but  in  the 
later  '  Thomyris  '  she  took  the  principal 
treble  part.  Such  an  insult  as  this  Epi- 
logue gives  to  her  is  hardly  likely  to  have 
come  from  a  cosmopolitan  like  Motteux, 
and  one  addicted  to  the  same  style  of  art 
production. 

'  Farewel  Folly '  is  also  farcical,  which 
the  Prologue  condones  by  declaring  that 
"  Most  Comedies  owe  something  still  to 
Farce."  Its  plot,  it  is  true,  does  deal  with 
a  situation  somewhat  similar  to  that  of 
'  The  Amorous  Miser,' — the  loves  of  Old 
Holdfast  and  of  Young  Holdfast  for  Isa- 
bella— but  the  working  out  of  the  piece  is 
entirely  and  completely  different.  No  less 
than  five  persons  "  appear  "  as  something 
other  than  they  are.  Mariana,  Old  Hold- 
fast's daughter  "  personates  a  young  Rake," 
giving  yet  another  of  those  female -male 
characters  which,  initiated  by  Lyly  and 
Shakespeare,  had  their  greatest  popularity 
in  the  days  of  Nell  Gwynne,  and,  later,  of 
Mrs.  Cross  and  of  Mrs.  Oldfield,  the  latter  of 
whom,  in  this  particular  case,  sustained  the 
part.  Again  "  Mimick,  a  Player,  appears  as 
a  Woman,  a  Bully,  and  a  Frenchman," 
giving  ample  scope  for  cheap  histrionic 
effects.  None  knew  better  than  Motteux 
how  to  appeal  to  an  actor's  heart,  and 
incidentally,  how  to  get  his  plays  accepted. 

Even  from  this  brief  sketch  it  is  obvious 
how  diverse  the  two  comedies  are.  The 
latter  of  the  pair  is  topical  and  ephemeral, 
the  other  deals  with  a  more  fundamental 
comic  situation,  and  works  the  matter  out 
in  an  artistic  manner.  Much  theatrical 
allusion  occurs  in  '  Farewel  Folly,'  such  as 
where  we  are  told  in  Act  I.,  sc.  i.  that 
matters  at  the  theatres  are  "  very  grave  at 
one  House  ;  and  not  very  merry  at  the  other, 
now  no  body  comes  behind  the  Scenes,"  or 
where  we  are  informed  that  there  are  more 
new  plays  written  in  that  age  "  than  ever 
will  be  launch' d,"  a  palpable  hit  at  the 
motley  mob  of  gentlemen  amateurs  of  the 
theatre,  who  in  the  eighteenth  century 
wrote,  not  with  ease,  but  with  the  most 
excessive  and  painstaking  dullness.  There 
are  also  numerous  other  little  allusions, 


312 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  DEC.,  19191 


likely  to  capture  the  interest  of  a  contem- 
porary audience,  but  noticeable  to  us 
nowadays  solely  for  their  antiquarian  value, 
such  as  that  to  the  "quondam  Masks" 
referring  to  the  edict  issued  against  the  use 
of  those  "  Restoration  "  articles  of  feminine 
attire,  devised  at  first  to  conceal  the 
blushes  which  the  ladies  displayed  at  the 
comedies  of  Dryden  and  of  Etheredge,  and 
then  employed  to  suggest  that  there  were 
blushes  beneath  where,  in  reality,  were 
none. 

None  of  this  appears,  or  could  appear,  in 
*  The  Amorous  Miser,'  which,  all  through, 
is  the  better  play.  Where  it  was  produced 
we  do  not  know,  but  in  any  case  its  author- 
ship is  exceedingly  doubtful,  and  any 
further  ascription  to  Motteux  must  rest  on 
new  facts,  hitherto  unforthcoming,  and  not 
on  the  probably  confused  and  hearsay 
evidence  of  eighteenth  century  chroniclers 
of  dramatic  productions,  fallible  as  these 
too  often,  have  proved  themselves,  and  un- 
critical in  their  methods  and  in  their  style. 

ALLARDYCE  NICOLL,  M.A. 
Oxford. 

STATUES   AND   MEMORIALS    IN   THE 
BRITISH  ISLES. 

(See    10    S.    xi.,    xii.  ;    11    S.    i.-xii.  ;    12    S. 
i.-iv.  passim  ;  v.  89,  145,  259.) 

THE  following  information  about  Statues 
and  Memorials  was  compiled  for  MB.  PAGE 
shortly  before  his  death,  and  is  hitherto 
unrecorded. 

BOLTON. 

Memorial  Cross.  —  This  memorial  is  .  in 
the  form  of  a  huge  monolith,  20  ft.  high, 
erected  on  a  circular  base  10  ft.  in 
diameter,  and  surmounted  by  a  bronze 
cross  ;  is  similar  in  design  to  the  old  cross, 
which  in  a  sense  it  perpetuates,  and  records 
the  various  events  of  importance  in  the 
town's  annals. 

The  following  is  a  list  of  historic  events 
inscribed  on  four  bronze  panels  round  the 
base  :  — 

1253.  Bolton  a  free  borough  by  Charter. 
1256.  Charter  for  market  by  Henry  III.  to  Bodelton. 
1337.  Flemish  clothiers  settled. 
1513.  "  Lusty  lads  from  Bolton  o'  th'  Moors  " 

(Ballad  of  *  Battle  of  Flodden  Field '). 
1540.  "  Bolton-upon-Moor  standeth  most  by  cottons 

and  coarse  yarns."  (Leland). 

1623.  Lectureship  founded  for  Sermons  at  Cross. 
1631.  Population  500. 
164'.  Grammar  School  founded. 
1643-4.  Daring  Civil  War  Bolton  besieged  thrice 

and  taken  once  with  much  slaughter. 
1651.  James,    Seventh    Earl    of   Derby,  beheaded 

near  this  spot. 


1661.  "Bowlton  hath  a  market  on  Mondays  which* 

is  very  good   for  clothing  and  provisions^. 

and  is  a  place  of  great  trade  for  fustians." 
(Blome's  '  Britannia '). 
1753.  Crompton,  Inventor  of  the  Spinning  Mule,. 

the  foundation  of  modern  Cotton  Industry,. 

born  in  Bolton. 
1760.  Arkwright,  Founder  of  the  Cotton  Factory 

system,  kept  a  barber's  shop  in  Bolton. 
1763.  Cotton  quiltings  and  muslins  first  made  in> 

Bolton. 

1791.  Bplion  Canal  opened. 
1828.  First  railway  to  Bolton  opened. 
1832.  First  Parliamentary  election. 

Population  41,195. 
1838.  Charter  of  Incorporation. 
1842.  Parliamentary  enquiry  about  extreme  distress* 

in  town. 

1852.  Adoption  of  Free  Libraries  Act. 
1861.  Population  70,396. 
1872.  First  extension  of  Bolton. 
1877.  Further  extension. 
Population  105,214. 
1898.  Bolton  again  extended. 
1901.  Population  168,215. 

This  cross,  similar  to  one  which  stood  on  this-- 
spot  1486  to  1786.  was  presented  to  his  native  towrv 
by  Mr.  George  Harwood,  M.P,,  1909. 

The  memorial  was  designed  by  Messrs. 
Bradshaw  &  Gass,  architects,  Bolton,  and 
erected  in  1909. 

Samuel  Taylor  Chadwick  (1809-1876).— 
The  bronze  statue  erected  on  the  Town. 
Hall  Square  is  10  ft.  high  on  a  Cornish 
granite  pedestal,  12  ft.  high,  represents  Dr. 
Chadwick  in  an  ordinary  frock  coat,, 
buttoned  over,  his  right  hand  resting  in  the 
lower  part  of  the  collar,  and  his  left  hand  on 
a  book  supported  by  a  pillar,  over  which  the 
gown  of  a  M.D.  is  thrown.  A  panel  in  bas 
relief  represents  Mrs.  Chadwick  pointing  out 
to  four  children  the  orphanage  erected  by 
her  husband,  which  forms  the  background. 
The  statue  was  unveiled  during  the  doctor's 
lifetime  on  Aug.  1,  1873,  the  cost  being 
950Z ;  the  sculptor,  C.  B.  Birch,  of  London, 
and  17,000  townsmen  contributed  sub- 
scriptions. The  inscription  is  simply  the 
name,  Chadwick. 

Beaconsfield. — Erected  in  Queen's  Park. 
Statue  by  T.  Rawcliffe,  sculptor,  of  Chorley, 
7  ft.  10  in.  high,  of  grey  freestone  from  the 
Dalton  pond  quarry,  weight  1  ton  10  cwt. 
The  inscription  on  the  pedestal  is  :  — 

Benjamin  Disraeli. 
Earl  of  Beaconsfield,  K.G. 

On  the  base  is  the  following  :  "  Presented  to- 
the  town  of  Bolton  by  the  Bolton  and 
District  Working  Men's  Conservative  Asso- 
ciation, April,  1887."  Unveiled  by  the 
Earl  of  Onslow,  Under  Secretary  for  the 
Colonies,  on  April  30,  1887. 

Lieut. -Col.  Sir  Benjamin  A.  Dobson. — 
Bronze  statue  stands  on  a  granite  pedestals 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


313 


on   the  Town   Hall   Square.     It   bears   the 
!  foil  owing  inscription  :  - 

"Lieut.-Col.  Sir  B.  A.  Dobson,  Knight,  V.D., 
-JP.,  C.E.,  M.I.Mech.E..  Chevalier  d«  la  Legion 
-d'Honneur,  1847-1898  Erected  by  Public  Subscrip- 
tion to  commemorate  a  useful  life  and  services 
to  the  town  of  Bolton,  and  unveiled  by  Mr. 
Alderman  Nicholson,  J.P.,  February  17th,  1900. 
J.  Cassidy,  Sculptor." 

J.  T.  Fielding,  J.P. — Unveiled  in  the 
Queen's  Park  on  July  11,  1896,  by  Lord 
-  James  of  Hereford,  a  statue  in  Yorkshire 
stone  executed  by  a  local  stone  mason 
named  Bowden,  from  competitive  designs 
submitted  by  half-a-dozen  tradesmen.  It 
stands  5  ft.  10|  in.  high,  and  is  erected  on  a 
stone  base.  It  has  the  reputation  of  dis- 
playing the  worst  pair  of  trousers  in  sculp- 
ture, and  is  said  to  have  cost  100Z.  The 
inscription  is  as  follows  :  — 

"J.  T.  Fielding,  J.P.,  for  over  20  years  the 
Secretary  of  the  Operative  Cotton  Spinners 
Association  and  the  United  Trades  Council  of 
Bolton  and  District.  Unity  and  Equity  were  the 
guiding  principles  of  his  life." 

The  Bolton  coat  of  arms  is  engraved  on  the 
front  of  the  pedestal.  No  dates  are  in- 
scribed on  the  monument,  but  the  man  was 
born  in  1849,  and  died  December,  1894, 
;  aged  45  years. 

James  Dorrian,  M.D.  (1826-1895). — This 
monument  in  stone  was  raised  by  public 
subscription  to  Dr.  James  Dorrian,  J.P., 
and  unveiled  in  the  Queen's  Park  on 
Jan.  29,  1898.  The  inscription  on  the 
pedestal  reads:  "James  Dorrian,  1826-95. 
Erected  by  public  subscription  to  com- 
memorate a  life  of  usefulness,"  the  words 
being  encircled  by  a  wreath. 


The  following  busts  are  in  the  Town  Hall, 
Bolton  :  — 

Nicholson  (1825-1915). — Marble  bust  exe- 
cuted by  M.  Albetill,  of  Bolton,  a  memorial 
subscribed  for  by  the  public.  Alderman 
William  Nicholson,  J.P.,  was  Mayor  of 
Bolton  six  times,  and  occupied  all  manner 
of  public  offices.  The  bust  was  unveiled  on 
:<Sept.  5,  1894,  and  bears  the  following 
inscription  :  — 

William  Nicholson,  Mayor,  1892-3-4. 

J.  K.  Cross,  M.P. — White  marble  bust  on  a 
pedestal  of  marble,  with  inscription  :  — 

James  Kynaston  Cross, 

Member  of  Bolton  Town  Council,  1868-9, 

Borough    Magistrate,    1874-1887. 

County  Magistrate,  1881-1887. 
Member  of  Parliament  for  Bolton,  1874-1885. 
Under  Secretary  of  State  for  India,  1883-1885. 


Bishop  Fraser. — Marble  bust  on  pedestal 
of  same  material,  with  inscription  :  — 
James  Fraser,  Lord  Bishop  of  Manchester, 
1870-1885. 

King  Edward  VII.— Bust  of  King 
Edward  VII.  unveiled  on  Dec.  16,  1912,  by 
the  Mayor  of  Bolton  (Alderman  Dr.  Young, 
J.P.),  and  is  the  work  of  Sir  George  Framp- 
ton,  R.A.  The  architectural  setting  is  com- 
posed of  Irish  green  marbles,  the  bust  itself 
:>eing  of  the  finest  Serravezza  marble.  In- 
scription on  centre  column  on  which  the 
bust  rests  :  "Edward  VII.,  1901-1910,  erect- 
ed by  Public  Subscription,  1912."  Whilst  on 
one  side  of  the  column  are  the  words  :  "A 
great  king  ever  anxious  for  his  people's  good 
and  peace  among  the  nations,"  and  on  the 
other  "As  Prince  of  Wales  he  opened  the 
Town  Hall,  on  Thursday,  June  5th,  1873." 
The  bust  is  surmounted  by  the  Bolton  arms, 
with  the  motto  Supera  Moras. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 


"  HEDSILVER  "  :  "  DROFSILVER  "  AND 
DROFCOURT  "  :  "  PERKSILVER."  •—  These 
words  occur  in  the  Winchester  College 
accounts  of  1411-12,  in  a  passage  relating 
to  the  tourn  or  court  that  the  Sheriff  of. 
Hampshire  used  to  hold,  apparently  for  the 
hundred  of  Meonstoke  :  — 

"In  soluto  Vicecomiti  Suthamptonie  mense 
Novemhris  pro  quodam  certo  splvendo  domino 
Regi  quolibet  anno  ex  consuetudine  in  turno  suo 
tento  apud  Grynefelde,  quod  quidem  certum 
tenentes  de  Meonstoke  solvere  solebant  ad  turnum 
predictum,  vis.  \ii\d.  In  soluto  eidem  pro  quadair 
consuetudine  vocata  Hedsilver,quam  dicti  teuentes 
solvere  solebant,  ad  ii.  lagh.  martini  et  hock  tent, 
apud  Meonstoke  ad  ii.  vices,  iiii-9.  Item  eidem 
Vicecomiti  pro  quadam  cousuetudine  vocata  Drof- 
silver  ad  ii.  curias  vocatas  Drofcourtes,  His.  iilid. 
Item  eidem  Vicecomiti  pro  quadam  consuetudine 
vocata  Perksilver  solvenda  ad  i  curiam  dicte  curie, 
vs.  In  dato  ballivo  huridredi  ibidem  ne  distringat 
tenentes  domini  ibidem  pro  dictis  deuariis  levandis, 
xiid.  In  dato  Johanni  Serle  pro  amicitia  sua 
habenda  in  compoto  suo  in  scaccario  domini  Regis 
ad  respectum  [respite]  dictis  serviciis  super  com- 
potum  suum  ibidem,  xxd." 

The  '  N.E.D.'  mentions  "  head-money  " 
and  "head-pence,"  but  not  "head-silver." 
'  Wharton's  Law-Lexicon  '  ( 1 1th  edition, 
1911),  however,  gives:  — 

"  Head-silver,  dues  paid  to  lords  of  leets  ;  also  a 
fine  of  40?.  which  the  Sheriff  of  Northumberland 
exacted  of  the  inhabitants  twice  in  seven  years." 

Presumably  it  was  a  form  of  "  chevage," 
which  is  defined  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  as  :  — 

"  Capitation  or  poll-money  paid  to  a  lord  or 
superior  ;  particularly,  an  annual  payment  due  to  a 
feudal  lord  by  each  of  his  villeins." 


314 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  s.  v.  DEC., 


Neither  "  drof silver  "  nor  "  drof court  " 
occurs  in  the  '  N.E.D.'  ;  but  it  has  "  Drof- 
land.  Old  Law.  Also  ?  dryfland  and  erron. 
driftland,"  with  a  quotation  of  1660  which 
defines  it  as  land  "  holden  by  the  service 
of  driving,"  and  gives  some  examples. 
'  Wharton,'  on  the  other  hand,  says  :  — 

"Drift-land,  Drofland  or  Dryfland,  a  yearly  rent 
paid  by  some  tenants  for  driving  cattle  through  a 
manor." 

Under  "Drove"  (sb.)  the  'N.E.D.' 
mentions  "  drove-way  "  as  a  road  or  track 
along  which  there  is  right  of  way  for  cattle, 
and  quotes  from  '  Rental  Glaston.'  (1239-52) 
a  passage  containing  "  quoddam  iter  quod 
vocatur  Drofwei."  I  am  reminded  that  the 
lane  along  the  south  side  of  our  playing- 
fields  here  used  to  be  known  as  "  Bull 
Drove  "  before  the  local  authorities  elected 
to  re-name  it  "Gamier  Road"  in  memory  of 
Dean  Gamier. 

"  Perksilver  "  does  not  seem  to  be  in  the 
'  N.E.D.'  Probably  "  perk  "  is  the  same  as 
"  park,"  an  enclosure.  Has  any  reader  met 
with  "  perksilver  "  ?  What  precisely  does 
it  mean  ? 

The  phrase  "ad  ii  lagh.,"  &c.,  in  my 
quotation  from  the  College  accounts  evi- 
dently means  "  at  two  law-days  at  Martinmas 
and  hocktide."  See  "law-day"  in  the 
'N.E.D.,'  where  "  laghe-daye  "  occurs  in  a 
quotation  of  1331.  H.  C. 

Winchester  College. 

THE  THIRD  REPORT  OF  THE  ROYAL 
COMMISSION  ON  PUBLIC  RECORDS,  just 
published,  includes  a  recommendation  with 
reference  to  the  care  of  local  records  of  a 
public  nature  which  should  be  of  special 
interest  to  the  educated  in  some  London 
areas.  Not  only  are  these  local  records  often 
unknown  until  publicly  advertised  for  sale, 
but  they  are  still  more  improperly  cared  for, 
mutilated,  or  heedlessly  destroyed.  The 
records  of  local  courts  of  olden  times,  of 
major  and  minor  Corporations,  Councils, 
District  Boards  of  Works,  Paving  and  Road 
Commissions,  Administering  Vestries  under 
the  original  Metropolis  Local  Government 
Act,  &c.,  and  the  maps  and  plans  by  which 
they  were  assisted  to  conclusions,  have 
frequently  been  left  in  charge  of  ancient 
solicitors  or  minor  retired  officials  who 
combined  private  business  with  their  public 
work,  and  kept  such  documents  in  their 
private  offices.  The  Commission  now  re- 
commend that  district  repositories  should  be 
established  by  which  all  records  relating  to 
the  area  served  shall  be  housed,  catalogued, 
and  otherwise  indexed.  The  long  existing 
and  increasing  chaos,  and  the  indifference 


of  new  authorities  to  their  existing  powers,, 
form  a  serious  obstruction  to  the  labours- 
of  antiquaries,  historians,  and  other  research- 
students.  Such  humble  and  not  undeserving 
or  useless  folks  will  certainly  perceive  the 
propriety  of  the  Commission's  recommenda- 
tion that  the  district  repositaries  should  be 
placed  in  charge  of  men  trained  to  the  work 
of  records-keeping  in  :the  Public  Record 
Office,  and  that  that  Office  should  constantly 
inspect  and  supervise  the  methods  of  cus- 
tody and  classification  employed,  and  so- 
gradually  introduce  a  rational  and  uniform 
system  for  the  identification  of  all  records 
in  the  kingdom. 

It  has  often  been  pointed  out  that  one  of; 
our  national  defects  is  our  invincible  ignor- 
ance of  history  ;  and  there  is  consequently 
a  lack  of  judgment  in  meeting  emergencies- 
similar  to  those  in  British  or  Continental 
history.  It  is  now  cogently  urged  that  thia 
national  ineptitude  can  perhaps  be  moderated 
by  the  cultivation  of  the  historical  spirit ; 
and  none  wull  gainsay  that  one  of  the 
essentials  for  the  evolution  of  that  spirit  is  a. 
scientific  appreciation  of  original  evidence. 
Not  to  mention  other  nations,  the  French 
are  greatly  superior  to  us  in  historical 
knowledge,  and  perhaps  in  political  instinct 
on  foreign  affairs,  mainly  because  the- 
materials  for  their  historians  are  so  well 
arranged  by  archivists  who  make  it  the 
business  of  their  lives,  that  the  historians- 
themselves  are  relieved  of  the  drudgery  of 
delving  for  facts  and  can  devote  themselves 
to  the  elucidation  of  principles.  Me. 

A  CURIOUS     CHRISTIAN     EPITAPH.  —  In 
'Christian  Inscriptions,'  just  issued  by  the  - 
Rev.  H.  P.  V.  Nunn,  M.A.,  No.  30  is  trans- 
cribed thus  :  — 

"  Somno  Aeternali.  Aurelius  Gemellus  qui  vixit 
an...et  Mes.  VI11.  Dies  XVIlI,  mater  h'lio  carissimo 
Benemerenti  fecit  in  pace  commando  Basilla  inno- 
centia  Gemelli."  (Lateran  Museum). 

"  To  Eternal  Sleep.  Aarelius  Gemellus.  who  lived 
...years,  eight  months,  eighteen  days.  His  mother 
to  her  most  dear  and  well-deserving  son  made  (this) 
in  peace.  I  commend  to  Basilla  the  innocence  of 
Gemellus." 

The  inscription  is,  of  course,  in  large  Roman- 
characters,  and  it  exhibits  three  anomalies- 
in  structure.  "  Somno  ./Eternali  "  is  some- 
what strange  on  a  Christian  tombstone,, 
suggestive  almost  of  a  disbelief  in  immor- 
tality, unless  the  expression  be  qualified/ 
by  the  common  Catacomban  "in  pace.'" 
Also  "  Commando  "  and  "  innocentia  "  must 
have  been  illiterate  blunders  for  Commends 
and  innocentiam.  J.  B.  McGovERN. 

St.  Stephen's  Rectory,  C.-on-M.,  Manchester. 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


315 


"NEVER  PROPHESY  UNLESS  YOU  KNOW." 
—A  correspondent  (8  S.  vii  .  346)  wrote 
•that 

"  A  writer  in  The  Spectator  of  March  30  [18951 
shows  that  this  phrase  originated  with  Lowell,  who 
.makes  Hosea  Biglow  say  :— 

My  gran'ther's  rule  was  safer'n  'tis  to  crow ; 
Don't  never  prophesy  onless  you  know. 

The  following  appears  in  a  letter  from 
Horace  Walpole  to  his  nephew  Thomas 
Walpole,  Minister  Plenipotentiary  at  Munich, 
-dated  Berkeley  Square,  Feb.  9,  1785  :  — 

"  Prognostics  do  not  always  prove  prophecies — 
at  least  the  wisest  prophets  make  sure  of  the  event 
iirst." — '  Some  Unpublished  Letters  of  Horace 
Walpole,'  edited  by  Sir  Spencer  Walpole,  1902, 
p.  89. 

ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

'  ST.  STEPHEN  AND  HEROD.'  —  The 
iballad  called  '  St.  Stephen  and  Herod  '  is 
preserved  in  a  single  MS.  version.  The 
legend  with  which  it  deals  still  lives  in 
Scandinavian  tradition.  Child  in  his  '  Eng- 
lish and  Scottish  Popular  Ballads '  wrote 
that  there  exists  in  Sweden  and  Denmark 
what  is  called  a  '  Staff ans  Visa,'  which 

"was  wont  to  be  sung  all  over  Sweden  on 
•St.  Stephen's  Day  in  the  Christmas  sport,  nob  yet 
given  up,  called  Staffan.*skede,  which  consisted  in 
-young  fellows  riding  about  from  house  to  bouse 
*arly  in  the  morning  of  the  second  day  ot  Yule,  and 
levying  refreshments." 

A    similar   custom    exists    in    Ireland,    with 
which  the  following  lines  are  associated  :  — 
The  wren,  the  wren,  the  king  of  all  birds, 
•On  St.  Stephen's  Day  he  was  caught  in  the  furs 

(lurch), 

-Although  he  is  little  his  family  is  great, 
"Come,  pray,  my  good  landlady,  give  us  a  treat, 
And  if  you  fill  it  of  the  best, 
1  hope  in  heaven  your  soul   may  rest  ; 
Bub  if  you  fill  it  of  the  small, 
It  won't  agree  with  our  wren-boys  at  all. 

An  Irish  version  of  these  words  is  to  be 
found  in  a  work  called  '  Siamsa  an  Gheim- 
Ihridh,'  published  at  Dublin  m  1892.  The 
'Custom  of  hunting  the  wren  appears  to  be  a 
(prevalent  one  in  the  West  of  Ireland,  for 
I  read  the  following  protest  against  the 
•custom  in  a  tetter  to  the  editor  of  a  Dublin 
rnewspaper  :  — 

"Sir,— 'I  hope  everyone  will  kindly  help  in  the 
suppression  of  cruelty  to  the  wren  this  coming 
St.  Stephen's  Day,  by  refusing  money  to  children 
-who  may  bring  them  round,  dead  or  alive,  in  boxes, 
as  is  the  custom  still  in  some  out-of-the-way  places. 
This  is  the  only  way  by  which  this  cruelty  to  wrens 
can  be  put  a  stop  to.5" — The  Freeman's  Journal. 
Dublin,  Dec.  24,  circa  1918. 

'The  wren  is  also  referred  to  in  '  Irish  Folk- 
JLore,'  pp.  135-6,  by  Lageniensie. 

In  a  previous  note  (12  S.  iii.  168,  'The 
Cock  :  the  Carving  of  a  Legend  ')  I  referred 


to  the  story  of  Herod's  cock,  which  the 
ballad  of  '  St.  Stephen  and  Herod  '  enshrines. 
Some  interesting  notes  on  this  legend  will 
be  found  in  a  book  of  Ulster  proverbs, 
'Seanfhocla  Uladh,'  pp.  148-9,  ed.  Morris. 

JOSEPH  J.  MACSWEENEY. 
:*  Howth,  co.  Dublin. 

RIME  ON  DR.  FELL. — The  well-known 
impromptu  verse,  by  means  of  which  a 
schoolboy  is  said  to  have  avoided  a  flogging, 
appears  to  be  not  so  entirely  original  as  is 
commonly  thought.  Quoting  from  memory, 
it  ran  somewhat  like  this  :  — 

I  do  not  love  you,  Doctor  Fell, 

The  reason  why  I  need  not  tell, 

Of  this  assured,  1  know  full  well, 

I  cannot  love  you,  Doctor  Fell. 

Apparently  it  is  founded  upon  a  passage  in 
Catullus,  which  commences :  "  Non  amo 
te  Volusi,"  and  was  Englished  by  Thomas 
Nabbes  so  far  back  as  1638,  thus  :  — 

I  do  not  love  thee,  Volusius,  but  for  what 
Know  not.    I  only  know  1  loue  thee  not. 

See     Knolles,     '  Generall     historie     of     the 

Turkes 1638,'  (second  pagination)  p.  23. 

W.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 
Central  Registry,  Repatriation  Records, 
Winchester. 

PERSISTENT  ERROR. — In  an  old  copy  of 
Jeremy  Taylor's  '  Holy  Living '  that  has 
lost  its  title,  but  is  probably  of  about  1700,1 
find  in  Sect.  II.,  chap,  ii.,  p.  57:  "The 
Quails  stuck  in  their  nostrils,"  apparently  a 
misprint  for  "stunk."  But  the  same 
reading  is  given  in  an  Oxford  edition  of  1849. 

J.  T.  F. 

Winterton,  lanes. 

LITERATURE  AND  ICONOGRAPHY  OF 
LONDON  PEACE  CELEBRATIONS.  (See  ante, 
pp.  175,  213). — At  the  first  reference  I  dis- 
missed, perhaps  too  briefly,  the  showman's 
interest  in  these  celebrations,  yet  to  record 
all  the  panoramas  and  exhibitions  that 
sought  to  perpetuate  the  glory  of  the 
achievement  while  earning  a  profit  would 
have  required  several  pages.  Yet  I  am 
tempted  to  record  two  very  unfamiliar 
celebrations  of  the  Crimean  campaign. 

There  was  an  exhibition  at  83  Fleet  Street 
(November,  1854)  of  "  Russian  Prizes  ! 
Trophies  taken  from  the  Great  Fort  of 
Bomarsund,  consisting  of  military  accoutre- 
ments, sacerdotal  robes  and  many  other 
interesting  objects.  Admittance  Qd.  each." 
From  the  style  of  the  handbill  I  infer  this 
did  not  persist  more  than  a  few  weeks. 

To  commemorate  the  Peace  there  had 
been  painted  by  Thomas  Jones  Barker 


316 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919. 


"  The  celebrated  National  Picture  of  the 
Allied  Generals  before  Sebastopol  with  the 
officers  of  their  Respective  Staffs." 

The  four  -  page  pamphlet  is  without 
identification  of  place  of  exhibition,  but  it 
probably  was  shown  in  many  towns. 
Finally,  it  was  warehoused  at  the  Pantech- 
nicon in  Motcomb  Street,  Belgrave  Square, 
where  it  was  destroyed  in  the  fire  there 
February,  1874.  It  measured  in  its  frame 
about  21  feet  by  10  feet  4  inches. 

ALECK  ABRAHAMS. 
51,  Rutland  Park  Mansions,  N.W.2. 


We  must  request  correspondents  desiring  in- 
formation on  family  matters  of  only  private  interest 
to  affix  their  names  and  addresses  to  their  queries, 
in  order  that  answers  may  be  sent  to  them  direct. 


EDMUND  UVEDALE. — Arising  out  of  the 
series  of  articles  on  '  Dr.  Robert  Uvedale, 
the  Botanist  '  (12  S.  ii.  361,  et  seq.),  may  I 
ask  if  there  is  a  place  in  the  pedigree  of  the 
family  for  an  army  officer  named  Edmund 
Uvedale  ?  Dalton's  '  George  I.'s  Army, 
1714-27,'  vol.  i.  p.  278,  gives  the  commission 
of  Edward  (sic)  Uvedale  to  be  surgeon 
(July  22,  1715)  to  Sir  Robert  Rich's  newly- 
raised  Regiment  of  Dragoons,  which  went 
to  Ireland,  June  25,  1717,  and  was  disbanded 
in  November,  1718,  when  its  officers  were 
placed  on  half-pay.  The  Half-Pay  List, 
1726,  has  a  note  that  Ensign  Henry  Waldron 
was  placed  on  half-pay  of  Sir  Robert  Rich's 
regiment,  having  "  Exch.  wth.  Surgeon 
Edind.  Uvedall,  Dec.  25,  1721  ";  and  this 
is  corroborated  by  the  Commission  on  the 
same  date  to  Edmund  Uvedall  to  be  ensign 
in  Col.  Stanhope  Cotton's  13th  Regiment  of 
Foot  (Dalton,  vol.  ii.  p.  296),  evidently  in  the 
room  of  Waldron  to  half-pay. 

There  are  several  instances  in  the  Georgian 
period  of  surgeons  receiving  militant  com- 
missions, either  when  they  held  both 
commissions  together  as  an  augmentation  of 
pay  for  past  services,  or,  as  in  this  instance, 
the  lancet  was  exchanged  for  the  sword. 
In  any  case  this  Edmund  Uvedale  appears 
no  more  in  the  role  of  surgeon.  Dalton  does 
not  give  the  date  when  he  left  the  13th  Foot 
(though  he  states  that  fresh  ensigns  were 
appointed  to  it  on  Dec.  22,  1722,  Feb.  11, 
1722/3,  and  May  9,  1723),  and  was  made 
cornet  to  the  Colonel's  Own  Troop  in  Col. 
Wm.  Stanhope's  (afterwards  Lord  Harring- 
ton's) 13th  Regiment  of  Dragoons  in  Ireland, 
but  as  his  commission  as  such  was  renewed 
by  George  II.  on  Sept.  15,  1727,  he  must 


have  joined  the  latter  regiment  before  that 
date,  probably  on  one  of  the  three  above 
given  in  1722  or  1723  ;  but  the  exact  date 
cannot  be  definitely  ascertained  for  the 
reason  that  the  Irish  Com.  Reg.  for  June, 
1720,  to  June,  1724,  is  missing.  Neither 
does  the  Army  Gradation  List,  1728,  assist 
to  put  matters  right,  as  it  simply  says  :. 
"  Harrington's.  Cornet  Edmond  Uvedall, 
Feb.  24,  1710.  Qy.  as  Ens."  The  similar 
list  for  1736  has  it:  "  Edmd.  Uvedall,. 
Feb.  24,  1710/11.  Pearce's,"  and  as  this 
gave  the  date  of  his  rank  in  the  army 
(different  from  his  rank  in  his  regiment)  it 
appears  that  he  must  have  first  been  made 
ensign  on  Feb.  24,  1710/11,  though  in  what 
regiment  I  cannot  say,  as  I  have  not  vol.  v_. 
of  Dalton's  work  to  refer  to  ;  neither  can  I 
say  if  he  was  also  a  regimental  surgeon  at 
that  date.  He  was  transferred  ccrnet  to- 
the  Colonel's  Own  Troop  in  Lieut,  -Gen. 
Owen  Wynne's  (afterwards  Lieut.  -Gen. 
Thomas  Pearce's,  and  Lord  Tyrawley's)1 
1st  Regiment  of  Horse  in  Ireland  (now 
4th  Dragoon  Guards)  on  Oct.  15,  1730,  and' 
was  lieutenant  (of  the  Lieutenant-Colonel's 
Troop)  therein  from  Nov.  12,  1741,  until? 
his  death  shortly  before  Feb.  3.  1745/6,  when. 
his  successor  was  appointed. 

W.  R  WILLIAMS. 


BULTEEL  :  CABRIQUE  :  HAYNES  : 
—Wanted,  evidence  of  marriages  of  the 
following  :  John  Carrique,  an  Englishman 
appointed  a  commissioner  to  survey  forfeited 
lands  in  co.  Kerry,  1654  ;  Samuel  Haynes  of 
Cornhill,  married  in  or  before  1785,  probably 
in  Norfolk  ;  Rev.  Richard  Swanne  of 
Ilmington,  co.  Warwick,  married  in  or 
before  1759  ;  any  Bulteels  married  in  the- 
eighteenth  century.  The  Gentleman's  Maga- 
zine has  been  searched.  Please  reply  direct^ 
(Sir)  ALFRED  IRWIN.. 

49  Ailesburv  Road,  Dublin. 

"WE  FOUR  FOOLS."  —  I  have  acquired 
recently  an  old  Dutch,  painting  of  three 
grotesque  figures,  dancing  in  clothes  adorned 
with  curious  emblems.  Years  ago  I  bought 
in  France  a  small  engraving  of  it,  but  there 
is  no  name  of  the  painter,  engraver,  or 
publisher,  upon  it. 

At    the   bottom    of   the    painting,    on   .a. 
black  band,  is  inscribed   "  We  Four  Fools," 
while  under  the  engraving  is  "  Gaudemus, 
quia  te  prsesente,  stulti  quatuor." 

Perhaps  some  reader  may  be  able  to  give- 
me  some  information  about  the  picture. 

LEES  KNOWLES,  Bt.. 

4  Park  Street,  W.I. 


12  S.  V..DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


317 


n  TRADESMEN'S  CARDS  AND  BILL-HEADS. — 
I"  should  be  extremely  obliged  if  any 
collectors  of  the  above  will  have  the  kindness 
to  send  me  particulars  of  any  trade  cards 
>and  bill -heads  of  old  picture  framers,  picture 
dealers,  and  mirror  makers,  and  also  of 
ironmongers,  especially  of  such  examples 
(before  1850)  which  have  engravings  of 
frames  or  metal  domestic  utensils. 

JOHN  LANE. 
The  Bodley  Head,  Vigo  Street,  W.I. 

"  EST  MELIUS   NUNQUAM  FELICIA  TEMPORA 

NOSSE,   &c." — In   Holinshed's    '  Chronicles,' 
reprint  1807-8,  vol.  iii.  p.  478,  is  the  following, 
applied  to  the  end  of  Richard  III.  :  — 
Est  melius  nunquam    felicia  tempora    nosse, 
Quam  post  blanditias    fortunes,  fata   maligna 
Nee     reparanda  pati  infortunia  sortis  iniquse. 
'The  marginal  reference  is  "  T.  Wat.  in  Am. 
Quer.  7."     What  is  the  interpretation  of  the 
reference  ?  ROBERT  PIERPOINT. 

BURNING  OF  FIRE -SHIP  FIREBRAND  AT 
FALMOUTH  IN  1780. — I  shall  be  greatly 
obliged  for  any  information  (sent  direct) 
•concerning  the  fire-ship  Firebrand,  which 
was  burnt  and  sank  in  Falmouth  harbour 
.about  the  year  1780. 

(Lady)  CONSTANCE  RUSSELL. 
•Swailowfield  Park,  Reading. 

KING  RESCUED  BY  HIS  DOGS. — In  Close 
"Roll,  40  Henry  III.  :  — 

"  The  King — in  presence  of  Master  William  the 
Monk  of  Westminster — lately  ordained  and  pro- 
vided at  Winchester  for  making  a  picture  at 
Westminster,  in  wardrobe  where  the  King  is  wont 
to  wash  his  head,  of  the  King  who  was  rescued  by 
,his  dof/s  from  sedition  plotted  against  same  King  by 
Ms  subjects;  concerning  which  picture  the  King  has 
sent  other  letters  to  Edward  of  Westminster.  And 
Philip  Luvel  the  King's  treasurer  and  the  aforesaid 
Edward  of  W.  are  ordered  to  pay  without  delay  to 
same  Master  William  the  expense  and  cost  of 
making  same  picture.  Winchester,  30  June." 

Where  did  Henry  of  Winchester  and  his 
1  painter-monk  find  the  subject  of  this 
/picture  ?  A.  R.  BAYLEY. 

PARKS  (OR  PERKS)  FAMILY. — I  would  be 
grateful  for  any  information  concerning  the 
earlier  history  of  this  family,  who  bore  for 
.arms  :  Or,  three  rests  gules.     Tradition  has 
it  that   one   of  the  family  was   a  standard 
.;bearer  in  the  army  of  William  the  Conqueror 
.  at  Senlac  and  was  knighted  after  the  battle. 
But  I  have  been  unable  to  trace  any  pedi- 
gree,   or    other    information,    in    Kent    or 
-Sussex  Visitations,  where  it  is  supposed  to 
Jaave  originally  been  settled. 

H.  WILBERFORCE-BELL. 
-.21  Park  Crescent,  Oxford. 


AMOS  RUSSEL,  OF  LINCOLN,  married 
secondly  at  Amsterdam,  in  January,  1729. 
He  was  widower  of  Cathlene  Dorey,  and  had 
by  her  a  daughter  called  Hannah,  aged  three 
at  the  time  of  his  second  marriage.  He  was 
in  the  habit  of  using  the  arms  of  the  Bedford 
family,  and  a  painting  of  these  arms  of  about 
1750  is  in  the  possession  of  his  descendants 
in  the  Netherlands.  They  are  anxious  to 
discover  whether  there  existed  a  branch  of  the 
Russell  family  at  Lincoln  at  the  end  of  the 
Seventeenth  Century,  wherein  the  names  of 
Amos  and  Hannah  occur.  Amos  Russel 
became  a  Roman  Catholic,  and  was  since  that 
change  known  as  Amos  Jacobus.  He  is 
mentioned  at  the  time  of  his  death,  in  1765,  as 
a  manufacturer  of  silk  hosiery.  Will  some 
reader  specialising  on  the  Russell  family 
kindly  oblige  my  correspondent  ? 

W.  DEL  COURT. 
47  Blenheim  Crescent,  W.ll. 

STREET  NAMES. — On  a  recent  sale  of  land 
at  Castle  Donington,  Leicestershire,  pro- 
perties were  described  as  situate  in*  the 
Spital,  in  Clapgun  Street,  and  in  the  Barroon. 
Are  similar  names  to  the  two  last  known 
elsewhere  ?  May  Clapgun  be  a  corruption 
of  Clapgate,  and  Barroon  of  Barony  ?  The 
names  do  not  seem  derivable  from  those  of 
individuals.  W.  B.  H. 

*  IN  FLANDERS'  FIELDS.' — I  would  be 
glad  to  know  if  the  poem  '  In  Flanders' 
Fields,'  by  Lieut. -Col.  McCrae  of  the 
Canadian  army,  and  '  America's  Reply,'  by 
R.  W.  Lillard,  have  been  published  in 
England,  and  if  so,  in  what  publication. 

J.  H. 

HAMILTON  OF  LISCLOONY. — David  Crosbie, 
High  Sheriff  of  Kerry  1683,  father  of  Sir 
Maurice  Crosbie,  who  was  created  Baron 
Brandon  1758,  married  Jane,  daughter  and 
co-heir  of  William  Hamilton  of  Liscloony, 
King's  Co.,  1680.  Who  was  the  wife  of  this 
William  Hamilton  and  to  what  branch  of 
the  Hamilton  family  did  he  belong  ? 

A.  W.  WALLIS-TAYLER. 

NORTH  OF  ENGLAND. — Can  any  reader 
definitely  state  which  part  of  England  is 
the  north  ?  At  ante,  p.  246,  MR.  TAVARE, 
speaking  of  Philip  Westcott,  the  portrait 
painter  (1815-1878),  says  his  practice  was 
principally  in  the  North  of  England,  notably 
in  Liverpool  and  Manchester — two  cities  in 
Lancashire,  and  MAJOR  BALDOCK  in  his 
reference  to  the  Rev.  Thomas  Hugo,  ante, 
p.  248,  says  he  served  several  curacies  in  the 
North  of  England,  but  does  not  mention 


318 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  DEC.,  1919, 


them.  They  were,  however,  Walt  on -le 
Dale  and  Childwall  and  Bury,  all  places  in 
Lancashire.  Residents  north  of  the  river 
Tees  consider  Northumberland,  Durham, 
Cumberland  and  Westmorland,  as  forming 
the  North  of  England  and  look  on  Lancashire 
and  Yorkshire  as  North  Midlands. 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 
Consett,  co.  Durham. 

*  BERTRAM  DE  BOURNE.' — Information  is 
wanted  about  this  ballad,  of  which  the 
following  is  the  first  verse  :  — 

Why  do  the  Island  banners  gleam. 

The  Island  knighfcs  advance, 
'Midst  strains  of  war-like  minstrelsy, 

Across  the  plains  of  France? 

I  hear  it  was  a  popular  item  for  recitation 
about  half  a  century  ago.  I  should  like  to 
see  the  complete  ballad  if  any  one  happens 
to  know  where  it  is  to  be  found. 

GEORGE  MAXWELL,  Sub -Librarian. 
Linen  Hall  Library,  Belfast. 

MRS.  SIDDONS. — Can  any  of  your  readers 
inform  me  whether  there  are  any  descendents 
of  Mrs.  Siddons  the  great  actress  still  living 
and  where  ?  (Miss)  MARY  NORTH. 

25  East  Parade,  He  worth,  York. 

COUNTLESS  STONES  AT  AYLESFORD. — Is 
there  any  reliable  bibliography  concerning 
the  ancient  remains  known  as  the  Countless 
Stones,  at  Aylesford  on  the  Medway,  near 
Maidstone  ?  J.  LANDFEAR  LUCAS. 

Glendora,  Hindhead,  Surrey. 

WALTER  HAMILTON,  F.R.G.S. — Inserted 
in  an  album  of  press  cuttings  I  noticed  a 
series  of  articles  headed  '  Leaves  from '  a 
Library,'  and  such  jottings  as  '  Bookworm 
on  Book-Plates  '  from  Mr.  Hamilton's  pen. 
In  which  serial  did  they  appear  ?  Were 
they  ever  gathered  together  into  an  author's 
issued  volume  ?  ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

TAIR  MILE.'— In  The  Times  of  Aug.  13 
last,  in  an  article  entitled  'Fair  Mile:  a 
Prehistoric  Road,'  there  is  mention  of  the 
"  King's  standing  wood  "  and  of  an  ancient 
custom  called  "lay  the  king's  table  cloth." 
Can  any  one  give  more  information  on  the 
subject  ?  J.  S. 

THE  REV.  JOHN  THEOPHILUS  DESAGULIERS. 
D.C.L.,  F.R.S. — Can  any  correspondent  tell 
me  the  date  of  his  marriage  and  the  name  of 
his  wife  ?  The  '  Diet.  Nat.  Biog.'  xiv.  400 
says  that  he  left  three  sons  :  John  Theo- 
philus  (1718-52)  and  Thomas  (1725  ?-80), 
but  does  not  give  the  name  of  the  other  son. 
Can  any  one  supply  it  ?  G.  F.  R,  B, 


LAWRENCE  WODECOCKE,  J.  who  entered 
Winchester  College  from  St.  Dunstan's  in, 
the  East,  London,  aged  13,  in  1505,  pro- 
ceeded in  due  course  of  New  College,  Oxford,, 
where  he  was  Fellow  from  1510  to  1520  and! 
took  the  degrees  of  B.C.L.  in  1516-17  and! 
B.Can.L.  in  1532.  He  held  the  Wykehami- 
cal  prebends  in  Chichester  Cathedral  of 
Exceit  from  1521  to  1522  and  of  Wyndham 
from  1529  to  1560.  He  was  Vicar  of  Hartfieldl 
1523-4  to  1525,  and  of  Eastbourne  1524-5  to> 
1527,  of  Wartling  1529  to  1545,  and  of  West 
Dean,  near  Chichester,  from  1554-5  to  1560. 
He  was  also  Rector  of  All  Saints',  Lewes,  and 
of  Rodmell  in  1527,  and  of  Patching  from 
1545,  being  succeeded  in  the  last  rectory  in 
1567.  He  is  also  said  to  have  been  Vicar  of 
Boxgrove.  Is  anything  further  known  about 
him  ?  JOHN  B.  WAINE WRIGHT. 

"  BONFIRE  NIGHT." — Are^  these,  doggerel 
lines  known  ?  I  am  told  that^  they  are 
repeated  by  children  at.  Birmington,  near 
Chesterfield,  on  Nov.  5. 

Bonfire  night ! 
The  moon  shines  bright. 
Forty  little  angels  dressed  in  white* 

Can  you  eat  a  biscuit  ?  .    ' 

Can  you  smoke  a  pipe  * 
Can  you  go  a-courting 

At  ten  o'clock  at  night? 

G.  C.  MOORE  SMITH. 
Sheffield. 

"IF       I       SHOULD       DIE       TO-NIGHT."— Sir 

Edward  Cook,  in  his  '  More  Literary  Re- 
creations,' has  a  discussion  on  the  much- 
xercised  question  of  the  authorship  of  the- 
poem,  beginning  "  If  I  should  die  to-night." 
He  writes  as  follows  :  — 

"These  verses  have  made  a  wide  appeal  to 
curiously  different  minds.  Sir  H.  Rider  Haggard, 
in  *  Jess,'  made  his  heroine  write  them  out  before 
she  set  forth  to  kill  Frank  Muller.  The  author 
of  '  Jess  '  had  received  them  from  a  lady  friend  in 
South  Africa,  whose  work  he  supposed  them  to  be. 
They  had,  however,  been  already  printed  in  a  very 
different  connection,  having  appeared  under  the 
title  'The  Chamber  of  Peace*  in  an  American 
anthology  of  religious  verse  called  '  My  Com- 
forter,' whilst  my  copy  of  them  was  cut  out  of  the 
English  Public  Opinion  of  July  22,  1876.  A  claim, 
has  been  put  in  lor  Australia  as  the  place  of  origin, 
as  the  verses  were  printed  in  a  book  called  'Ade- 
laide de  la  Thoreza,'  by  a  Dr.  Cameron  of  -  Rich- 
mond (in  Victoria).  Prof.  James  Stewart  ascribed 
the  verses  to  Theodore  Parker  (in  a  letter  of  188& 
to  Mrs.  Drew,  'Some  Hawarden  Letters,'  p.  130. 
The  question  was  the  subject  of  a  long  correspon- 
dence in  the  Pall  Mall  Gazttte  of  March,  1887,  and 
following  months)  ;  but  an  equally  definite  claim 
has  been  made  for  Philadelphia.  In  the  Press  of 
that  city  they  were  said  to  be  the  work  of  a  local 
resident,  Mr.  R.  C.  Vivian  Myers,  who,  it  wa& 
added,  'has  written  much  that  is  excellent,  but 
noth  pg  ie  approach  these  famous  verses,  which, 


12  S.  V.DEC.,  1919.  J 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


319 


are  universally  regarded  as  classic.'  For  many 
years  '  this  little  gem '  was  a  favourite  piece,  it 
seems,  with  a  favourite  reciter.  Mr.  Myers  was 
stated  to  bs  alive,  but,  so  far  as  I  am  aware,  he 
did  not  come  forward  to  establish  the  claim." 

Can  any  reader  throw  fresh  light  on  the 
matter  ?  LA  WHENCE  PHILLIPS. 

Theological  College,  Lichn'eld. 

BREEDING  OF  WOODCOCKS. — Could  the 
following  story  from  Rev.  Wm.  B.  Daniel's 
*  Rural  Sports,'  vol.  iii.,  pp.  167-8  (1812),  be 
verified  at  Somerset  House  or  elsewhere  ?  — 

"  Mr.  Jeremiah  Tnpmau,  who  died  about  nineteen 
years  since  -circa  1793]  at  Berkeley,  caught  upon  his 
estate  at  Lyston  a  young  male  woodcock,  which  he 
carefully  reared,  and  having  procured  a  mate  for  it 
they  bred  in  considerable  abundance.  He  was  so 
pleased  with  his  success  that  he  actually  altered 
his  will,  which  was  originally  made  in  favour  of  a 
young  Lady,  and  left  his  fortune  to  the  Minister  al 
Berkeley,  to  be  principally  laid  out  in  the  breed  ol 
Woodcocks,  upon  the  neglect  of  which  the  fortune 
was  to  revert  to  the  family  relations,  a  reversion  for 
which  probably  the  family  were  not  long  in 
expectancy." 

HUGH  S.  GLADSTONE. 

GREEN  HOLLY. — The  refrain  to  Amiens's 
song   '  Blow,  Blow,  thou  Winter  Wind,'  in 
'  As  You  Like  It  '  (II.  vii.),  is  :  — 
Heigh-ho  !  sing,  heigh-ho  !  unto  the  green  holly : 
Most  friendship  is  feigning,  most  loving  mere  folly 
Then,  heigh-ho,  the  holly  ! 
This  life  is  moat  jolly. 

As  to  the  invocation  of  the  green  holly  in 
connexion  with  jollity  there  is  no  note  in 
Malone  or  any  other  edition  of  Shakespeare 
to  which  I  have  access,  except  that  in  Horace 
Howard  Furness's  Variorum  Edition  of  the 
play  (Philadelphia,  1890)  there  is  the 
following  :  — 

"  HALLIWELL  :  Songs  of  the  holly  were  current 
long  before  the  time  of  Shakespeare.  It  was  the 
emblem  of  mirth." 

Can  any  reader  give  references  to  sub- 
stantiate this  statement,  and  explain  why 
holly  was  the  emblem  of  mirth  ? 

C.  A.  COOK. 

Sullingstead,  Hascombe,  Godalming. 

"  CELLARIUS." — In  the  '  Comic  History  of 
England,'  vol.  ii.,  p.  132,  "  [Guy]  Fawkes 
kept  up  a  regular  Cellarius,"  and  to  this 
there  is  a  note  :  — 

"  We  may  as  well  state,  for  the  benefit  of  that 
posterity  which  this  work  will  reach  and  the  Cell- 
arius will  not,  that  the  Cellarius  is  a  dance  fashion- 
able in  the  year  1847  when  this  history  was  written." 

I  have  looked  up  the  word  in  the  '  N.E.D.' 
and  in  Punch  of  1847,  but  can  find  nothing 
about  it.  What  was  this  dance,  and  why  was 
it  so  named  ?  J.  J.  FREEMAN. 

Shepperton,  S.O. 


HARRY  TAYLOR  of  Lending,  near  Rochdale, 
o.  Lancashire,  and  Townhead,  Lake  Wir.der- 
mere,  who  died  August,  1723,  married 
Dorothy,  daughter  of  Thomas  Sandys,  a  son 
of  Samuel  Sandys  of  Esthwaite,  Lancashire. 
Information  is  sought  about  his  parents 
and  brothers. 

Was    he    related    to    James     Taylor    of 
Whitworth,  co.  Lancashire,  buried  at  Roch- 
dale 1789  ?  H.  C.  BARNARD. 
The  Warren,  Burnham,  Somerset. 

GEORGE  DEERING. — I  should  be  very 
grateful  to  any  correspondent  who  could 
give  me  authentic  information  regarding  the 
parentage  of  George  Deering.  The  following 
facts  are  known :  He  was  in  Dartmouth 
1584-5,  and  disappeared  from  there  about 
1627.  He  married  (1)  Margery  [Adams], 
who  was  buried  at  Dartmouth,  July  16,  1619  ; 
(2)  Fridiswide,  a  French  widow,  in  1619, 
She  was  buried  at  Dartmouth,  1666.  George 
Deering  does  not  appear  to  have  returned  to 
Dartmouth  after  1627. 

CLEMENT  INGLEBY. 

22  Old  Buildings,  Lincoln's  Inn,  W.C.2. 

RICHARD  PROSSER  OF  BIRMINGHAM,  CIVLL 
ENGINEER. — I  shall  be  glad  to  receive  any 
information  as  to  the  parentage  of  the  above 
named,  who  was  my  grandfather  and  the 
father  of  your  long-time  correspondent 
R.  B.  P.  According  to  an  article  in  The 
Birmingham  Journal  for  May  27,  1854. 
Richard  Prosser  was  born  at  Birmingham 
on  April  3,  1804.  He  obtained  various 
patents  between  the  years  1839  and  1853,  in 
the  earlier  of  which  he  is  described  as  of 
Cherry  Street,  Birmingham,  and  in  the  later 
ones  as  of  King's  Norton,  near  Birmingham, 
where  he  died  on  May  21,  1854.  Please 
reply  direct.  G.  PROSSER. 

26  Crowndale  Road   N.W.I. 

MINIATURE  MAN-OF-WAR. — Is  there  any- 
thing known  of  an  admiral  or  old  naval 
officer,  about  1700,  who  had  a  small  man-of- 
war,  large  enough  for  him  to  sit  in,  and 
complete  with  miniature  cannon  and  sail  ? 
This  small  man-of-war  was  towed  round  a 
pond,  possibly  in  the  garden  of  a  private 
house,  by  a  sailor  with  a  wooden  leg.  On 
one  side  of  the  pond  was  a  miniature  fort  at 
which  the  naval  officer  could  fire  off  his 
cannon.  CHARLES  E.  FRANCE:. 

30  Albert  Street,  Shrewsbury. 

WM.  HAWKINS  :  ANNE  WALTON.— In  1678 

Dr.     Wm.     Hawkins    married    Anne,    only 

daughter   of   Izaak   Walton.     Dr.    Hawkins 

was  prebend  of    Winchester  and    rector  of 

I  Droxford.     Can  any  of  your  readers  tell  me 


320 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919. 


the  exact  date  of  the  marriage  and  where  it 
took  place  ?  The  ceremony  was  not  per- 
formed at  Winchester  Cathedral  or  at 
Droxford  Church  ;  neither  was  it  at 
St.  Dunstan's-in-the-West,  or  St.  James's, 
Olerkenwell,  with  both  of  which  churches 
Walton  was  intimately  connected.  It  is 
very  possible,  however,  that  it  took  place 
in  London,  as  there  is  no  doubt  that  Walton 
spent  a  part,  at  any  rate,  of  1676  in  the 
metropolis.  W.  COTJBTHOPE  FOBMAN. 

Compton  Down.  Cotnpton,  near  Winchester. 

"  HOBSELEPEBDE." — Can  any  of  your 
readers  throw  light  on  the  meaning  of  the 
word  "  Horseleperde,'  which  occurs  in  the 
*  Perambulations  of  the  Forest  of  Chippen- 
ham  (or  Pewsham)  '  of  A.D.  1300  ?  The 
perambulations  are  given  in  The  Wiltshire 
Archceological  Magazine,  vol.  iv.,  p.  206 
(1858).  If  any  one  can  quote  other  instances 
of  the  word,  or  can  identify  four  other  points 
in  these  perambulations — the  bridge  of  Sam- 
born,  the  bridge  of  Fynnam,  the  house  of 
Home,  and  the  ash  of  Lacock — I  should  be 
glad  to  be  informed,  directly  or  in  the  columns 
of  '  N.  &  Q.'  O.  G.  S.  CBAWFOBD. 

Tan  House,  Donnington,  Newbury. 

COLLINGWOOD  AND  LAWSON. — Alexander 
Collingwood  of  Little  Ryle  (b.  1666,  d.  Jan.  3, 
and  bur.  Jan.  7,  1746,  at  Whittinghame), 
who  built  the  house  of  Unthank,  and  served 
as  High  Sheriff  of  Northumberland  in  1725. 
He  married  Dorothy  Lawson.  I  shall  be 
grateful  for  any  information  as  to  the  par- 
entage and  ancestry  of  Dorothy  Lawson. 

H.    PlBIE-GOBDON. 
20  Warwick  Gardens,  Kensington,  W.14. 

CHBISTMAS  CABOL  :  OBTGIN  WANTED.— 
Can  any  of  your  readers  throw  light  on  the 
origin  of  a  Christmas  carol  which  begins  :  — 

To-morrow  shall  be  mv  dancing  day. 
It  is  included  in  Mr.  A.  H.  Bullen's  '  Christ- 
mas Garland,'  but  his  account  of  its  origin 
does  not  go  further  than  saying  that  it  was 
one  of  an  issue  of  broadsheets. 

(Mrs.)  GEOBGINA  WILSON. 

14  College,  Worcester. 

FLETCHEB  OF  MADELEY  AND  NOBTH 
WALES. — When  reading  a  short  account  of 
the  life  of  this  wonderful  man  the  other  day 
I  was  surprised  to  find  that  he  was  "  or- 
dained priest  "  by  the  Bishop  of  Bangor  in 
1757.  Could  any  one  who  has  access  to  a 
detailed  account  of  Fletcher's  life  let  me 
know  whether  his  ordination  meant  any 
ministerial  connexion  with  the  diocese  of 
Bangor  ?  T.  LLECHID  JONES. 

Llysfaen  Rectory,  Colwyn  Bay. 


CISTEBCIAN  OBDEB. — I  want  to  get 
together  materials  for  a  history  of  the 
Cistercian  Order  in  England.  I  shall  be 
glad  of  help  as  to  the  sources  of  information 
concerning  the  Order,  beside,  of  course, 
Dugdale's  '  Monasticon,'  Tanner's  '  Notitia 
Monastica,'  and  the  proceedings  of  the  various 
archaeological  societies,  though  particular 
reference  to  these  would  be  welcome. 

H.  P.  HABT. 

The  Vicarage,  Ixworth,  Bury  St.  Edmunds. 

'  Swiss  FAMILY  ROBINSON.' — I  should  be 
glad  to  get  information  regarding  the  first 
edition  of  this  book  in  English.  I  fancy  it 
was  published  under  the  title  of  '  The 
Family  Robinson  Crusoe,'  translated  from 
the  German  of  M.  Wiss. 

PBESCOTT  Row. 

The  Old  House,  Waddon.  Surrey. 

MEDIAEVAL  IMMTJBEMENT. — G.  F.  Nicolai, 
in  his  '  Biology  of  War  '  (Eng.  trans.,  p.  105), 
writes  :  — 

''During  the  whole  of  the  Middle  Ages  almost 
all  European  nations  used  to  wall  up  a  livjnor  heing 
in  a  newly-huilt  building,  in  order  that  his  soul 
might  become  its  guardian  spirit." 

Can  any  reader  refer  me  to  discussions  of 
this  (books  and  periodical,  any  chief 
language)  ?  LAU-DZA. 

DANVEBS  FAMILY. — I  would  like  very 
much  to  know,  for  historical  purposes,  who 
represents  the  Danvers  family  of  baronets. 
There  was  a  Sir  John  Danvers  in  the  early 
nineteenth  century. 

DAVID  Ross  McCoBD. 

MoCord  National  Museum.  Montreal. 

ELMES  FAMILY. — Information  desired  as 
to  present  whereabouts  of  MB.  HILL- 
BATHGATE'S  MS.  (dated  1653),  referred  to  at 
8  S.  i.  495.  E.  H.  ELMES. 

18  Homesgarth,  Letchworth,  Herts. 

LONGWOBTH  CASTLE,  HEBEFOBDSHIBE. — 
Does  this  castle  still  exist  and  are  any 
records  available  ? 

A.  W.  WALLIS-TAYLEB. 

GBAFTON,  OXON. — In  what  part  is  this 
situated  and  where  are  its  historical  records 
to  be  found  ?  A.  W.  WALLIS-TAYLEB. 

THE  LOG  HOUSE. — Is  it  known  that  the 
inhabitants  of  the  British  Isles  at  any  time, 
at  least  since  the  fifteenth  century,  built 
dwellings  or  forts  (the  latter  called  block 
houses)  by  placing  logs  horizontally  in  the 
form  of  a  square  and  notching  them  together 
at  the  corners  in  the  style  of  Scandinavia  and 
North  America  ?  H.  C.  MEBCEB. 


12  8.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


321 


LIEUT. -GENERAL  SHARPE. — According  to 
a  pedigree  of  Higgins  of  Skelton  Grange  by 
Owston,  Yorkshire,  in,  Hunter's  'South 
Yorkshire,'  ii.  482,  Lieut. -General  Sharpe 
of  Haddam  Castle,  co.  Northumberland, 
married  Jane,  elder  daughter  of  Godfrey 
Higgins,  Esq.,  of  Skelton  Grange,  F.S.A., 
J.P.,  of  West  Riding  of  co.  York,  who  was 
living  in  1831,  by  his  wife  Jane  Thorpe,  who 
died  in  1822.  Where  is  Haddam  Castle, 
Northumberland,  and  what  more  is  known 
of  Lieut. -General  Sharpe  ?  I.  F. 

MAISON  ROUGE,  FRANKFORT.  —  J.  C. 
Eustace  in  his  preliminary  discourse  to  his 
*  Classical  Tour  through  Italy  '  (the  preface 
to  which  is  dated  Sept.  14,  1812),  says  that 
the  advantages  of  a  warm  room,  a  news- 
paper, and  a  well-stored  larder,  though 
common  enough,  at  home,  "  are  not  to  be 
found  in  any  inn  on  the  Continent,  not  even 
Dessin's  at  Calais  or  the  Maison  Rouge  at 
Frankfort."  For  the  former,  see  12  S. 
iv.  187,  248.  Information  about  the  latter 
would  be  interesting. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

SMALE. — I  should  be  glad  to  obtain  any 
information  about  the  following  Smales, 
who  were  educated  at  Westminster  School :  — 

(1)  George  Smale,  who  was  at  the  school, 
1802-3 

(2)  H.  L.  Smale,  who  wa^  at  the  school 
in  1801. 

(3)  William  Adderley  Smale,  born  Apr.  25, 
1816,   who    was     admitted    to   the   school, 
Jan.  15,  1830.  G.  F.  R.  B. 

WILSON. — Major  Wilson,  the  grandfather 
of  Sir  Robert  Wilson  and  father  of  Benjamin 
Wilson  (see  '  D.N.B.'),  had  fourteen  children, 
of  whom  Joseph  Wilson,  born  1707,  was  one 
('Leeds  Registers,'  Thoresby  Society). 

Is  anything  known  of  him  ?  Did  he  go  to 
Ireland,  and  was  his  son,  or  grandson,  agent 
to  the  first  Lord  Londonderry  ?  I  should 
be  grateful  for  any  information  about  him, 
or  about  any  other  sons  of  Major  Wilson  other 
than  Benjamin.  H.  W.  B. 

PRINCE  JAMES  FRANCIS  EDWARD  STUART. 
— Can  any  of  your  readers  give  an  accurate 
answer  to  the  following  question  ? 

What  is  the  correct  legal  title  of  Prince 
James  Francis  Edward  Stuart,  sometimes 
known  as  the  Chevalier  de  St.  George  ? 
Born  at  Whitehall,  the  son  of  a  king- 
regnant  of  England,  he  was  at  any  rate 
Duke  of  Cornwall,  and  is  so  described  by 
Burke  (see  the  Royal  Lineage,  preceding 


Burke's  '  Peerage  ').  On  the  other  hand, 
the  'D.N.B.'  styles  him  Prince  of  Wales, 
and  when  mentioned  in  letters  of  the  period 
written  very  shortly  after  his  birth  (including 
those  of  the  Prince  and  Princess  of  Orange), 
he  is  spoken  of  as  Prince  of  Wales,  or,  when 
it  suited  the  writers,  "  the  pretended  Prince 
of  Wales."  What  I  wish  to  ask  is  this  : 
When  was  James,  Duke  of  Cornwall,  created 
Prince  of  Wales  ?  Inquiries  at  the  Record 
Office  elicit  the  reply  that  no  letters-patent 
of  such  a  creation  have  ever  passed  the 
Great  Seal,  yet  James  II.  (then  still  king- 
regnant)  authorised  a  publication  in  October, 
1688,  of  the  depositions  of  those  who  were 
present  at  the  birth  of  his  son,  and  in  this 
James  is  termed  "  Prince  of  Wales." 

A.  J.  ARBUTHNOT. 
8  Albert  Court,  Kensington  Gore,  !3.\V.7. 

CHARLES  HOWARD  HODGES  :  ENGRAVER. 
— He  appears  to  have  adopted  another 
name*  for  signing  some  of  his  work,  but  I 
cannot  trace  it,  and  there  is  not  any  men- 
tion of  it  in  the  '  D.N.B.'  I  have  been  told 
that  The  Gentleman's  Magazine  had  a  note 
of  it,  but  a  diligent  search  has  not  helped 
me.  I  ask  for  information. 

XYLOGRAPHER. 

THE  THUMB  LATCH. — Is  the  common  door 
latch,  of  wrought  iron  or  other  metal  or  wood, 
with  thumb  press  upon  a  lever  or  lift  which 
penetrating  the  door,  raises  the  latch  bar 
from  its  catch,  an  English  invention  and 
unknown  on  the  European  Continent,  and 
is  it  known  that  the  lever  on  all  the  older 
latches  was  straight  ?  If  so,  when  and  by 
whom  was  the  end  of  this  lever,  where  it 
passes  under  the  latch  bar,  curved  downward 
so  that,  as  now,  the  forefinger  can  lift  the 
latch  bar  and  pull  the  door  open  at  the  same 
time  ?  Information  as  to  the  above  points, 
which  would  facilitate  the  dating  of  old 
houses,  would  oblige.  H.  C.  MERCER. 

"  THE  BEAUTIFUL  MRS.  CONDUITT." — In  a 

volume  of  reminiscences  or  letters  published 
in  the  first  half  of  the  last  cemury,  this 
expression  occurs.  It  was  recalled  to  me 
recently  in  looking  up  some  details  of  Sir 
John  Soane,  R.A.  According  to  The  Gentle- 
man's Magazine  of  June,  1838,  Sir  J.  Soa;?.e 
left  a  legacy  of  5,OOOZ.  to  Mrs.  Conduitt,  who 
was,  I  believe,  "matron  "  or  curatrix  of  the 
Soane  Museum  in  Lincoln's  Inn  Fields. 

At  the  west  end  of  the  nave  of  West- 
minster Abbey  there  is  a  tablet  to  the 
memory  of  Joannes  Conduitt,  whose  remains, 
together  with  those  of  his  greatest  friend 
(and  his  uncle  by  marriage)  Sir  Isaac 


322 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  8.  V.  DEC.,  1919. 


Newton.  According  to  the  Latin  epitaph, 
into  which  the  Greek  word  philanthropsia 
is  incongruously  introduced,  Conduitt,  who 
had  been  Master  of  the  Mint  for  ten  or 
twelve  years,  left  an  only  daughter,  who 
married  Lord  Lymington.  So  that  the 
name  and  its  spelling  could  not  have  been 
perpetuated  by  that  lady.  I  have  been  told 
that  there  was  in  the  last  century  a  Master 
of  the  Fruiterers'  Company  of  London 
bearing  the  name  spelt  also  with  two  t's. 

Can  any  of  your  readers  identify  the 
"  beautiful  Mrs.  Conduitt  "  or  throw  any 
light  on  her  family  ?  L.  G.  R. 

ANN  OF  SWANSEA. — This  lady  poet  pub- 
lished '  Poetic  Trifles,'  12mo,  Waterford, 
1831,  also  'Cambrian  Pictures,'  &c.  Who 
was  she  ?  Brief  particulars  will  oblige. 

ANETJBIN  WILLIAMS. 

Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED. —     • 

1.  I  should    be    greatly  obliged  if   I  could   be 
informed  who    is  the    author    of   a    little    poem 
beginning  : — 

In  summer  when  the  vales  are  clear 
And  lowlands  blithe  with  flowery  heights. 
1  thought  it  was  one  of  Hartley  Coleridge's,  but 
I  cannot  find  it  in  my  edition  of  liis  poems. 

P.  T.  CRESWELL. 
57  Esm6  Road,  Sparkhill,  Birmingham. 

2.  I  should  be  glad  to  know  the  author  of  the 
following  linen,  and  where  they  appear  :  — 

Say  not  good-night,  but  in  some  brighter  clime 
Bid  me  good-morn.  MOLLOID. 

3.  Can  any  of  your  readers  supply  the  name  of 
the  author  and  the  poem  in  which  occur  the  lines 
beginning : — 

Blest  be  the  man  who  first  invented  sleep, 
feo  Sancho  Panza  said,  and  so  say  I. 
I  have  searched  several  Dictionaries  of  Quotations 
and  the  like  without  success.  W.  H. 

4.  In  Arizona  caught 
Perished  with  all  his  crew. 

Quoted  by  Kingsley  in  '  Westward  Ho ! '  of  the 
loss  of  Sir  Hugh  Willoughby  on  the  Lapland  coast. 

G.  M.  Y. 

5.  I  shall  be  very  glad  if  any  reader  can  tell  me 
the  author  of  the  poem,  of  which  the  following  is 
the  first  verse  : — 

What  part  of  dread  Eternity 

Are  those  strange  moments  which  I  gain, 

Mazed  with  the  doubt  of  fear  and  pain, 

Whereas  thy  delicate  face  I  see 

A  little  while  before  farewell  ? 

EMILY  DAYMOND. 

6.  By  whom,  and   where,  was  the  apophthegm 
uttered  : — 

When  Milton  lost  his  eyes,  poetry  lost  hers. 

PURBLIND. 


JUplus* 

YEOMEN     OF     THE     MOUTH. 
(12  S.  iii.  508 ;  iv.  89  ;  v.  239.) 

IN  'Ordinances  of  the  Household  of  King 
Henry  VI.  in  the  33d  Year  of  his  Reign, 
A.D  .1455.  From  the  Cotton  Library,  Cleo- 
patra, F.  v.P.  170," 

s.v.  "  Th'  office  of  the  Kechyn,"  appears 
William  Pratte,  Yoman  ;  John  Couper, 
Groome ;  and  Robert  Golding,  Page,  all 
three  "  for  the  King's  mouth." 

s.v.  "  Th'  office  of  the  Lardery,"  John 
M»rtyn,  "  Yoman  for  the  King's  mouthe." 

s.v.  "  Th'  office  of  the  Catery,"  William 
Stoughton,  "  Yoman  for  the  King's  mouthe." 

s.v.  ''Th'  office  of  the  Sauliery,"  John 
Browne,  Yoman,  and  John  Merston,  Grome, 
both  "  for  the  King's  mouth." 

s.v.  * '  Th'  office  of  the  Ewery,"  John 
Penne,  "  Yoman  for  the  King's  mouth." 

s.v.  ' '  Th'  office  of  the  Pulterie,' '  Thomas 
Laurence,  Yoman,  and  Thomas  Gardyner, 
Grome,  both  "  for  the  King's  mouthe." 

See  'A  Collection  of  Ordinances  and 
Regulations  for  the  Government  of  the 
Royal  Household.  .  .  .from  King  Edward  III. 
to  King  William  and  Queen  Mary,'  Printed 
for  the  Society  of  Antiquaries  by  John 
Nichols,  1790,  pp.  *20-*22. 

In  this  collection  is  the  '  Liber  Niger 
Domus  Regis  Edw.  IV.'  (in  Bibl.  Harl., 
No.  642,  fol.  1-196),  from  which  may  be 
gathered  some  of  the  duties  of  the  Yeomen 
of  the  Mouth.  The  pages  refer  to  the 
collection  :  — 
s.v.  "  Office  of  Bakehouse," 

"  One  yoman  in  this  office  for  the  Kinge's 
mouthe,  recevyng  the  mayne  floure  of  the 
Sergeaunt,  by  tayle,  and  woode  to  bake  with  the 
mayne  chete,  and  payne  demayne  ;  and  alwey 
ii  loves  of  these  to  wey  a  chete  lofe.  He  hath 
also  sakkes,  lethyr,  bagges,  canvas,  candylles, 
bulters,  berme,  and  all  other  necessaries  of  the 
Sergeaunt  by  controlment." — Pp.  69,  70. 

"  Oftvyce  of  Waferes,  hathe  one  yoman  making 
wafyrs,  and  saufely  and  clenely  to  kepe  them 
covered,  and  under  locke  and  by  assay,  to  be 
delyvered  for  the  Kinge's  mouthe  to  the  sewar." — 
P.  72. 
s.v."  Office  of  Sellar," 

"  One  yeoman  for  the  Kinge's  mouthe,  that 
with  the  sergeaunte  chooseth  the  wynes  most 
pleasaunt  to  the  Kinge's  drinkinge,  and  moste 
wholsome,  and  he  saufely  to  keepe  it  with  all  his 
dylygence,  that  noe  person,  but  for  the  mouth, 
intermeddle  therewith  ;  he  serveth  the  Kinge,  at 
the  cup-bourde  and  barre,  in  the  absence  of  the 
sergeaunt,  both  with  the  cuppebourde,  clothe, 
pottes,  and  cuppes,  for  wyne  and  ale." — P.  76. 


128.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


3213 


*.v.     "  Office     of    Pycher-house,    and    Cup 
"house," 

"  The    Buttler    for    the    mouthe    dely  very  the 
nyghtly,  at  the  buttrey  barre,  for  the  Kinge  fo 
all  nyght :  with  the  ale  in  newe  asshen  cuppes 
and  twoe  other  for  the  watche." — P.  78. 
s.v.  "  Office  of  Confectionarye," 

"  One  yeoman  to  be  both  for  the  mouthe  anc 
.for  the  halle  in  tyme  of  neede,  and  chambre  ;  to 
be  well  learned  in  the  makinge  of  confections 
plates,  gardequinces,  and  others,  safely  and 
cleanely  to  keepe,  and  honestly  to  minister  it  forth' 
at  all  tymes  of  the  Kinge's  worship  ;  and  to  mak_ 
trewe  awnswere  thereof  by  weyghtes  inward  anc 
outward,  and  soe  to  brief  e  it ;  and  be  redye  to 
shewe  the  remanentes,  as  the  clerkes  woll  calle 
to  undyrstand  this  office.  This  yeoman  taketh 
his  wages,  and  clothinge,  and  other  dewties  in 
this  courte,  like  the  yeoman  of  pantry,  but  noe 
fees  ;  and  if  he  be  busye  in  working  spices,  then 
he  hathe  his  breade,  mete,  and  drinke,  for  hym 
and  his  felloweship,  into  this  office,  by  command- 
ment of  the  counting-house." — P.  81. 

s.v.  «•  The  Office  of  Ewary  and  Napery," 
"  One  yeoman  in  this  office  for  the  Kingt 
mouthe,  to  serve  hym  in  the  absence  of  tL~ 
aerjeaunt,  and  to  serve  the  chambre,  and  saufely 
to  keepe  the  naperye  and  other  stuff  e  of  the 
Ewyre,  as  well  the  plate  as  the  clothes,  to  the 
smallest  sorte,  with  all  that  belongeth  thereto  ; 
to  beare  the  chaufyrs  with  water  ;  and.  in  tyme 
of  the  yeare,  to  see  it  hotte,  after  the  olde  custome  ; 
and  to  be  dyligent  and  obedyent  to  the  preceptes 
of  the  ussher  of  the  chambre  that  occupieth  for 
that  tyme.  This  yeoman  or  sergeaunt,  in  the 
wynter  season,  shall  sette  one  torche  or  torches  at 
the  chaundery,  to  serve  the  Kinge  and  his 
•chambre  ;  and  to  beare  the  stuffe  saufelye  in  and 
oute  of  this  office  ;  takinge  in  suche  season  a 
lighte  of  the  groome  porter  of  the  chambre,  for 
the  ewry-bourde.  This  yeoman  eteth  in  the 
halle  at  one  meale  ;  takinge  wages  and  clothinge, 
and  other  guiftes  generall,  like  to  the  yeoman  of 
the  pantrey.  It  hathe  bene  accustomed,  that  he, 
or  the  groome  for  the  mouthe,  moste  parte  keepe 
and  make  awnswere  for  alle  suche  plate  and 
clothes,  and  other  stuff  e,  as  the  Kinge  and  his 
chambre  is  served  with  all." — P.  84. 

In  Edward  Chamberlayne's  '  Present  State 
of  England,'  1684,  in  the  account  "  Of  the 
•Civil  Government  of  the  Kings  Court,"  is 
the  following  (p.  155)  : — 

"  In  the  Cellar,  a  Sergeant,  John  Flock 
Esquire,  Sergeant  of  the  Cellar,  who  is  also 
Sergeant  of  the  Buttery,  and  Pitcher-house,  and 
a  Gentleman,  Richard  Dalton.  And  is  also 
eldest  Yeoman  of  the  mouth.  His  Office  is  to 
ill  and  taste  his  Majesties  Wine  at  the  sideboard, 
and  is  the  only  Officer  of  that  kind  attending  on 
the  Kings  Person." 

ROBEBT  PIEBPOINT. 


NERO  '  AND    '  Piso's 
v.    254,    299).— MB. 


'  THE  TBAGEDY  OF 
CONSPIBACY  '    (12    S. 

NICOLL'S  remarks  are  based  on  a  misunder- 
standing. '  The  Tragedy  of  Nero  '  men- 
tioned by  Langhaine  is  not  Lee's  but  the 
anonymous  play  that  was  first  published  in 
1624  and  is,  or  ought  to  be,  well  known. 
It  was  issued  again  in  1633.  There  is  a 
manuscript  of  it  in  the  Egerton  Collection  in 
the  British  Museum  ;  Charles  Lamb  took  a 
speech  of  Petronius  in  Act  III.  for  his 


'  Specimens.' 


EDWARD  BENSLY. 


SHIELD  OF  FLANDERS  (12  S.  v.  238). — 
MB.  HALL  asks  when,  and  by  whom,  what 
he  styles  the  "ancient  shield  of  Flanders  " 
(Gyronny  or  and  az.,  an  inescutcheon  gu.) 
was  changed  for  the  "  modern  shield  " 
(Or,  a  lion  rampant  sa.). 

Boutell,  in  his  'Heraldry:  Historical  and 
Popular,'  1864,  gives  p.  159,  the  arms  of 
Flanders  (Or,  a  lion  rampant  sa.),  quartered 
with  the  very  similar  coat  of  Holland  (Or, 
a  lion  rampant  gu.),  an  early  example,  as 
he  says,  of  "  compound  "  quartering  (that 
is,  without  the  usual  pourfilar,  or  dividing 
lines) — which  shield  Philippa  of  Hainault, 
Queen  of  our  Edward  III.,  quartered  with 
that  of  her  royal  husband — the  whole  being 
borne  in  a  "  small  shield  exquisitely 
carved  in  alabaster "  existing  upon  the 
south  side  of  the  monument  to  Queen 
Philippa  herself  in  Westminster  Abbey. 

As  neither  Mr.  Boutell  nor  the  late  Dr. 
Woodward  in  his  valuable  work,  '  Heraldry  : 
British  and  Foreign  '  (1896),  who  also  deals 
ith  this  subject,  mentions  any  other  arms 
ttributable    to    Flanders    but    the    above 
'ampant  lion,  and  as  this  bearing  cannot  be 
onsidered  a  very  modern  one,  may  I  ask 
MR.  HALL  if  he  will  kindly  give  his  authority 
or  the  statement  that  this  gyronny  coat 


MATJLE  (12  S.  v.  236). — In  years  pre- 
ceding 1820  the  Rev.  John  Maule,  A.M., 
was  rector  of  Horse  Heath,  Cambridgeshire, 
and  chaplain  of  Greenwich  Hospital. 

W.  B.  H. 


was  ever  the  "  ancient  shield  of  Flanders  "  ? 
J.  S.  UDAL,  F.S.A. 

Woodward  and  Burnet,    'Brit,  and  For. 

ler.,'  make  many  allusions  to  the  arms  of 
landers,  D'or  au  lion  de  sable.  This  coat 

vas  used  at  such  an  early  date  that  it  would 
seem  to  preclude  any  more  ancient  coat, 
for  instance  (p.  462)  :  "  About  1300  Louis 
Count  of  Nevers,  son  of  Robert  de  Bethune, 
Count  of  Flanders,  by  Yolante,  daughter  of 
Eudes  of  Burgundy  bore  on  his  secretum 
....Burgundy-ancient  and  Flanders,  Or  a 
lion  rampant  Sable."  It  is  very  strange  if 
there  be  an  ancient  coat  of  Flanders  it  is 
not  mentioned.  The  learned  authors  appar- 
ently knew  no  other.  On  the  other  hand, 
Burke,  '  Gen.  Arm.'  gives  the  gyronny  coat. 
J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 


324 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  DEO.,  1919. 


COURT  OF  ST.  JAMES  (12  S.  v.  265).— The 
above  term  dates  from  about  1697,  when 
Whitehall  was  burned.  The  following  ex- 
tract is  from  Timbs's  '  Curiosities  of 
London  '  :  — 

"On  December  18,  1688,  William,  Prince  of 
Orange,  came  to  St.  James's,  where,  three  days 
afterwards,  the  peers  assembled,  and  the  house- 
hold and  other  officers  of  the  abdicated  sovereign 
laid  down  their  badges.  Evelyn  says  :  '  All  the 
world  goes  to  see  the  Prince  at  St.  James's,  where 
there  is  a  greate  court.  There  I  saw  him  :  he  is 
very  stately,  serious  and  reserved  '  ('  Diary,'  vol.  i. 
p.  680).  King  William  occasionally  held  councils 
here  :  but  it  was  not  until  after  the  burning  of 
Whitehall,  in  1697,  that  this  Palace  became  used 
for  state  ceremonies,  whence  dates  the  Court  of 
St.  James's" 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

The  phrase  is  said  to  date  from  the  burning 
of  Whitehall  in  the  reign  of  William  III., 
when  St.  James's  became  the  royal  residence. 
St.  James's  was  once  a  part  of  the  parish  of 
St.  Martin's-in-the-Fields,  London.  "  In  the 
reign  of  Queen  Anne  it  had  acquired  the 
distinction  of  the  Court  quarter  "  ('  Familiar 
Allusions,'  by  Wheeler,  Chatto  &  Windus, 
1882.)  A.  M. 

RICHENDA  :  ORIGIN  OF  THE  NAME  (12  S. 
v.  237). — Richenda  is  apparently  a  feminine 
form  of  Richard.  The  nearest  approach 
I  have  found  to  it  in  Miss  Yonge's  '  History 
of  Christian  Names '  is  Richenza ;  other 
variants  there  given  are  Richarda,  Richila, 
Richilde  and  Riciburga.  The  earlier  forms 
of  Richard  are  the  Teutonic  Richer, 
Rechiarius,  and  Riquier  ;  while  the  prefix 
portion  of  the  name  acts  as  a  suffix  in  such 
forms  as  Erik,  Hendrik,  Theodoric,  Osric, 
Ulrica,  &c.  N.  W.  HILL. 

RICHARD  WARNFORD  (12  S.  v.  266). — This 
Winchester  Scholar  of  1560,  one  of  seventeen 
boys  who  took  the  Scholar's  oath  here  in  the 
cloisters  on  Aug.  23,  1562,  was  a  son  of 
John  Warnford  of  Sevenhampton  or  Senning- 
ton,  a  ty thing  in  the  parish  of  Highworth, 
Wilts,  by  his  marriage  with  Susan,  daughter 
of  John  Yate  of  Lyford,  Berks.  Their 
eldest  son,  John  Warnford,  was  Sheriff  of 
Wilts  in  1590-1.  See  the  Warnford  pedigree 
in  '  Visitations  of  Hampshire '  (Harleian 
Soc.,  voh.lxiv.,  p.  191)  ;  and  '  Warneford,  late 
of  Warneford  Place '  (Sevenhampton)  in 
Burke's  'Landed  Gentry'  (1914),  p.  1966. 
See  also  '  Yate  of  Buckland,'  and  «  Warne- 
ford, of  Buckland,'  in  '  Visitations  of  Berk- 
shire '  («  Hp.rleian  Soc.,'  vol.  Ivi.,  pp.  60,  302). 

The  will,  dated  Feb.  1,  25  Eliz.,  of 
Richard's  mother,  Susan  Warnford,  widow, 


was  proved  in  London  on  April  22,  1583,  bj 
Edmund  Barker,  notary  public,  proctor  fo* 
John  Warnford,  the  executor  (P.C.C. 
21  Rowe).  She  thereby  desired  to  be  burie< 
in  Highworth  Church,  "  where  the  Warne 
fords  lie."  Their  chantry  there  is  mentione< 
in  '  The  National  Gazetteer  *  (Virtue  &  Co, 
1868),  ii.  264. 

According  to  some  notes  which  I  have  c 
the  will,  the  testatrix  mentioned,  f.mongs 
other  persons,  her  "  sisters "  Pates  an 
Marden,  and  her  daughters  Hinton,  Baynarc 
and  Loveden  ;  also  her  four  sons,  John  (th 
executor),  Richard,  Thomas,  and  Olivei 
John  had  a  family  of  at  least  eight  childre: 
(Thomas,  Anthony,  John,  William,  Susar 
Mary,  Elizabeth,  and  Anne)  ;  and  Richar< 
had  a  daughter  Susan,  godchild  to  her  grand 
mother,  the  testatrix.  The  will  contain 
indications  that  the  family  had  prospered  b; 
breeding  sheep. 

Richard's  younger  brother  Oliver  becam 
a  Winchester  Scholar  in  1569.  Lancelo 
Warnford  of  Highworth,  the  Scholar  of  1601 
was  presumably  of  the  same  family.  In  th 
'D.N.B.'  (lix.  378)  there  is  a  biography  c 
William  Warford,  alias  Warneford  aix 
Walford,  the  Jesuit,  who  was  born  (so  it  i 
said)  at  Bristol  in  1560,  and  who  publishe 
his  books  under  the  name  of  "  Georg 
Doulye."  He  was  not,  so  far  as  I  know,  c 
the  same  family  as  Richard  Warnford. 

Richard  was  admitted  Fellow  of  Nei 
College,  Oxford,  after  the  usual  two  year* 
probation  as  Scholar,  on  Sept.  3,  1565,  bu 
vacated  without  taking  a  degree.  H 
became  a  member  of  the  Inner  Temple  i; 
1567,  his  brother  John  having  joined  tha 
Inn  in  1561.  Richard  is  mentioned  in  th 
'  Victoria  History  of  Hants,'  ii.  86,  as 
recusan ,  who  in  1590  was  "  in  arrears  for  hi 
non -churchgoing  fines  to  the  extent  c 
1,54<M."  H.  C. 

Winchester  College. 

I  should  have  added  to  my  query  at  th 
above  reference  that  the  recusant  we 
committed  to  the  Wood  Street  Counter  i 
London  June  12  or  22,  1586,  and  was  sti 
there  on  Nov.  30.  At  the  end  of  1595,  h 
was  in  the  Fleet  for  having  heard  Mass  an 
neglected  to  pay  his  fine.  His  wife  Mar 
was  sent  to  the  Wood  Street  Counter  June  1! 
1586,  but  discharged  thence  June  15.  Mar 
and  Elizabeth  Warnford  were  committed  t 
the  Fleet  Prison  in  1591  and  were  still  thei 
at  the  end  of  1595.  (See  Cath.  Rec.  Soc 
vol.  ii.  passim.} 

Oliver  Warneford,  Winchester  Scholar,  ( 
1569,  from  Shenington  (Kirby,  '  Winchest< 
Scholars,'  p.  142),  is  probably  the  perso 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


325 


'referred  to  by  the  spy  Nicholas  Berden,  who 
makesFmention,  May  15,  1586,!  of 
'*  certen  speches  uttered  by  one  Oliver  Warneford, 
gentillman  of  Hampshire,  whoe  broke  pryson  out 
of  Wynchester,  viz.  that  they  would  relese  the 
yerle  [of  Arundel]  &  others  then  in  the  Tower,  or 
ells  they  woulde  shed  moch  warm  blod  for  yt." 

See  Cath.  Rec.  Soc.  Publ.,  xxi.  88.  This 
volume  contains  many  interesting  details 
about  other  Wykehamists,  e.g.,  Dr.  Edward 
Atslow  and  Anthony  Twichenor  or  Tuchenor, 
as  to  the  latter  of  whom  see  11  S.  xii.  340, 
388,  430,  505. 

JOHN  B.  WAINE  WRIGHT. 

"  WHEN  YOU  DIE  OF  OLD  AGE,  I  SHALL 
QUAKE  FOB  FEAR  "  (12  S.  v.  235,  278). — The 
saying  was  already  familiar  in  Swift's  day  :  — 

Lord  Smart.  .Miss,  if  it  is  Manners,  may  I  ask, 
which  is  oldest,  you  or  Lady  Scuttle? 

Miss.  Whv,  rny  Lord,  when  I  die  for  Age,  she 
may  quake  for  Fear. 

'  Polite  Conversation,'  Dialogue  I. 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

A  common  Warwickshire  saying  round 
Stratford  -  on  -  Avon. 

J.  HARVEY  BLOOM. 

CHESS  :  THE  KNIGHT'S  TOUR  :  ANOTHER 
METHOD  (12  S.  v.  92,  136). — This  method 
although  based  upon  the  cross,  diamond, 
square  principle  differs  from  Dr.  Roget's 
in  the  rule  prescribed  to  effect  the  same 
end.  I  am  doubtful  at  present  of  its 
[validity  in  all  specific  cases.  I  have  before 
me  an  instance  of  its  successful  application 
iwhere  the  starting  point  is  White's  Q  R 
jSquare  and  terminal  White's  K  B  square. 
The  course  is  as  follows.  The  Knight  goes 
first  twice  round  the  board  covering  24  of 
the  border  squares  as  distinguished  from 
the  16  central  ones.  He  then  covers  8  of 
these  16,  the  last  being  White's  Q  3.  He 
then  passes  by  way  of  White's  K  B  2  to 
White's  K  R  square,  makes  a  third  round 
on  the  border  squares,  entering  the  central 
one 5  again  at  White's  K  3  ;  completes  the 
occupation  of  these,  passing  to  White's 
K  R  2  by  way  of  K  B  3  ;  finally  goes  round 
the  border  squares  for  the  fourth  time  and 
jrests  on  White's  K  B  square. 

Following  this  idea,  I  achieved  the  fellow- 
ling  results.  My  starting  point  is  Black's 
IQ  Kn  4  and  terminal  Black's  K  Kn  4. 
(The  result  coincides  exactly  with  the  key- 
board's configurations  of  the  squares  and 
liiamonds  and  crosses,  although  in  the 
pourse  of  the  tour  these  are  apparently 
discarded  by  breaking  away  from  one 
(system  to  another  before  completing  the 
former,  as  the  prescribed  rule  necessitates. 


Can  any  experts  in  this  Knight's  tour 
puzzle  tell  us  if  the  above  method  avails  in 
every  case  ?  I  have  hitherto  met  with 
none  of  the  startling  arithmetical  com- 
binations one  reads  about  in  the  "  books." 
How  are  such  arrived  at  ? 


43 

ft  6 

3 

18 

33 

54 

5 

20 

2 

57 

17 
42 

44 
27 

55 

4 

19 
52 

34 

53 

32 

45 

21 

6 

16   1 

46 

49 

26 

29 

64 

35 

41 

58 

31 

28 

51 

48 

7 

22 

12 

15 
40 

50 
13 

47 

30 

25 

36 

63 

59 

10 

61 

38 

23 

8 

14 

11 

60 

39 

24 

9 

62 

37 

JOHN  W.  BROWN. 

[While  we  welcome  references  to  geometrical  or 
mathematical  proofs  in  books  or  periodicals,  their 
exhibition  in  detail  is,  we  think,  somewhat  outside 
our  scope.] 

DERIVATION  OF  NAMES  (12  S.  v.  266). — 
From  a  reference  to  various  books  on 
Nomenclature  I  have  pleasure  in  suggesting 
the  following  derivations  :  — 

Amphlett.— Cf.  "Amfleet,"  suffix  fleet,  meaning  a 

.shallow  creek. 
Devey. — 1.  French  De  Veil  or  De  Vay.  the  ford. 

2.  A  variHiit  of  Davey,  Anglo-Hebrew  for 

David. 
Eykyn.- Variant  of  Aikin,  a  Saxon  personal  name, 

Acen,  apparently  Oaken,  O.E.  Acen.    Also  the 

son  or  Adam,  diminutive  Adkin 
Gittins    or    Gettins.  —  From    the   Celtic    Gaitfcen, 

Gaitkin,  straight. 
Nock.  — At  the  oak.  from  residence  beside  the  o«»k 

tree.    Similar  lo  Noakes,  Noke,  Noack,  Nocke. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

Crowther,  or  Crowder,  is  quite  distinct 
from  Crowthers  (Carruthers).  It  denotes  a 
fiddler,  from  M.E.  crowthe  or  crowde,  a  viol  ; 
Wei.  crwth,  a  violin. 

Gittins,  Gettings,  or  Gethin  is  Welsh  and 
may  be  connected  with  Ir.  gaithean,  a 
straight  branch. 

For  Hoord  see  ante,  p.  241,  s.v.  '  Hoorde 
or  Kurd.' 

Devey  is  probably  the  Welsh  Dev/i, 
or  Davey. 

Nock  may  be  Knock,  cognate  with 
Ir.  cnoc,  a  hill  or  knoll  ;  but  it  is  sometimes 


326 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.         12  s.  v.  DEC.,  1919. 


a  variant  of  Noak,  a  contraction  of  atten  oak 
(at  the  oak). 

Eykyn,  the  Scotch  Aikin,  is  A.-S.  acen, 
oaken. 

Amphlett  has,  I  think,  the  double  diminu- 
tive -lett,  as  in  Hewlett  (Hew,  or  Hugh-el-lot)  ; 
and  may  be  a  Welsh  contracted  form  of 
Humphry,  viz.,  Humphlett,  with  loss  of  the 
aspirate.  N.  W.  HILL. 

35  Woburn  Place.  W.C.I. 

Prof.  Ernest  Weekley ,  in  *  The  Romance  of 
Names,'  at  p.  161,  derives  Crowther  from 
the  archaic  crowd  or  crowth,  a  fiddle,  and 
points  out  that  "  the  fiddler  in  '  Hudibras  ' 
is  called  Crowdero." 

At.  p.  212  he  says  :  "  Devey  and  Dombey 
seem  to  be  the  diminutive  forms  of  deaf  and 
dumb,  which  are  still  used  in  dialect  in 
reference  to  persons  thus  afflicted." 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 

If  your  correspondent  has  not  already 
done  so,  he  might  refer  with  advantage  to 
that  informative  and  reliable  repertory, 
Canon  Bardsley's  '  Dictionary  of  Surnames,' 
issued  by  the  Oxford  Press. 

W.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

Repatriation  Records  Registry,  Winchester. 

[A.  M.  also  thanked  for 'reply] 

ANTHONY  TODD,  SECRETARY  OF  THE 
G.P.O.  (12  S.  iv.  11,  114;  v.  104,  164).— The 
following  occurs  in  a  London  newspaper 
(name  at  present  unknown)  :  — 

"  On  Wednesday  January  9th,  1782,  as  Anthony 
Todd,  Esq.,  Secretary  to  the  Post  Office,  was  going 
home  in  his  carriage  to  his  house  at  Walthamstow, 
Essex,  and  another  gentleman  with  him,  he  was 
stopped  by  two  highwaymen,  one  of  whom  pre- 
sented a  pistol  to  the  Coachman's  breast,  whilst  the 
other  with  a  handkerchief  over  his  face,  robbed  Mr 
Todd,  and  the  other  gentleman  of  their  gold 
watches." 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

CHARLES  I.  :  HIS  JOURNEY  FROM  OXFORD 
TO  SOUTHWELL  (12  S.  v.  182). — An  account 
of  the  route  taken  is  given  in  *  East  Anglia 
and  the  Great  Civil  War,'  by  A.  Kingston, 
pp.  224-32.  Charles  left  Oxford  at  three 
o'clock  in  the  morning,  April  27,  1646,  and 
travelled  towards  London.  He  then  turned 
to  Harrow-on-the-Hill  and  Barnet.  Passing 
through  St.  Albans  he  lodged  the  night  at 
Wheathampstead,  probably  at  Lamer  Park, 
the  seat  of  Sir  John  Garrard.  From  thence 
he  went  through  Stevenage,  Graveley, 
Baldock,  Royston  to  Newmarket  and  stayed 
at  an  inn  probably  at  Bottisham.  The  next 
stage  of  the  journey  was  by  way  of  Brandon 
to  Downham  in  Norfolk,  where  he  lodged 


at  The  Swan.  On  May  2  the  King  went  t( 
Jrimplesham,  a  mile  away,  and  disguisec 
limself  as  a  clergyman,  and  Dr.  Hudsoi 
who  had  been  to  Southwell)  rejoined  him 
The  party  then  resumed  their  journey  t< 
Southrie,  Ely,  Erith,  Stukely  (Hunts)  t< 
the  village  of  Coppingford  near  Stilton 
where  they  spent  Saturday  night  and  par 
of  Sunday,  May  3.  The  next  place  Charle 
stayed  at,  Sunday  night,  was  Stamford 
either  at  the  house  of  Mr.  Cave  or  Mi 
Wolph.  On  Monday  by  travelling  all  da; 
until  eleven  o'clock  at  night  they  reache< 
Southwell  and  came  to  the  Scots  arnr 
before  Newark  on  Tuesday  morning,  May  5 
after  a  strange  pilgrimage  of  nine  aays  eve 
at  the  risk  of  being  discovered. 

G.  H.  W. 

"RAIN  CATS  AND  DOGS  "  (12  S.  iv.  328 
v.  108,  166). — The  following  extract  fron 
The  Daily  Express  may  prove  interesting  t 
some  readers  of  '  N.  &  Q.'  :  — 

RAINING  CATARACTS. 
To  the  Editor  of  The  Daily  Express. 

Sir, — The  phrase  "raining  cats  and  dogs"  is 
corruption  of  the  word  "catadupe,"  meaning 
catanict. 

The  Greek  Katadoupoi— the  cataracts  of  tli 
Nile,  from  Katadoupeo — to  fall  with  a  heav 
sound. 

It  is  raining  cats  and  dogs — it  is  raining  cataract 

Cannock.  BERTRAM  COOPER. 

I  have  not  seen  the  explanation  before,  an 
it  is  new  to  me. 

CHRISTIAN  E.  P.  GROTH,  M.A.(Camb). 

DAVID,  "  EPISCOPUS  RECREENSIS  "  (12  ! 
v.  238). — This  prelate  is  mentioned  in  Bishc 
Stubbs'  '  Registrum  Sacrum  Anglicanuir 
(2nd  edn.,  Oxford,  1897,  p.  195)  as 
"  suffragan  of  York,"  and  as  pontificatir 
as  such  in  1316  and  1317.  But  the  name  < 
his  see  is  not  explained.  He  does  not  see: 
to  be  mentioned  by  either  Gams  or  Eubel. 
None  of  the  Irish  bishops,  employed  i 
"  suffragans "  in  England,  bears  a  nan 
anything  like  "  Recreensis "  (Stubt 
I  pp.  204-9).  W.  A.  B.  C. 

"  ARGYLES  "  OR  GRAVY-POTS  (12  S.  v.  15 
219,  248).— We  have  had  a  plated  "  Argyle 
in  our  family  for  a  great  number  of  years, 
was  in  use  constantly  during  my  gran 
father's  lifetime,  and  was  believed  to  ha1 
been  inherited  by  him  from  his  father, 
have  not  papers  at  hand  to  show  the  dates 
our  grandfather's  birth  and  death,  but  1 
i  was  not  very  young  when  married  in  179 
'  so  that  the  "  Argyle  "  my  brother  (Re 
S.  C.  Sharland,  Sedbergh)  now  possesses 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


KOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


32T 


probably  of  an.  earlier  date  than  those  made 
in  the  beginning  of  the  nineteenth  century. 
It  is  exactly  like  the  illustration  in  Mr. 
Bradbury's  '  History  of  Old  Sheffield  Plate,' 
described  thus  :  "  That  shown  to  the  left 
in  the  form  of  a  teapot  had  a  separate 
chamber  with  detachable  lid  "  ;  the  date  of 
this  illustrated  "  Argyle  "  is  1795  ;  but  my 
brother's  piece  is  unmarked. 

E.  C.  SHARLAND. 

EDWARD  THE  CONFESSOR'S  CROWN  (12  S. 
v.  238). — The  description  given  is  in  total 
variance  with  the  Confessor's  crown  as 
figured  upon  either  of  his  two  great  seals, 
and  also  with  the  crown  in  scenes  where  the 
Confessor  appears  in  the  Bayeux  Tapestry. 
The  above  are  illustrated  in  Charles  Knight's 
'  Old  England  '  (1845)  ;  the  Bayeux  Tapestry 
presenting  the  crown  as  a  plain  band  sur- 
mounted by  fleurs-de-lis.  Sir  Henry  Ellis 
appears  to  have  accepted  the  seals  as  correct. 

W.  B.  H. 

'Ton  JONES'  (12  S.  v.  268,  303).— The 
prophecy  of  Gibbon,  that  '  Tom  Jones ' 
would  outlive  the  imperial  eagle  of  the  House 
of  Austria,  is  in  his  '  Memoirs  of  My  Life  and 
Writings,'  in  his  '  Miscellaneous  Works,' 
1817,  vol.  i.,  p.  5.  L.  DUFF. 

HAMILTON  (12  S.  v.  289). — In  the  Order 
Books  for  General  Gage's  Brigade  at 
Montreal,  under  Sunday,  Nov.  8,  1761,  is 
this  announcement  :  Ci  Hector  Theophilus 
Cramartie,  Esq.,  is  appointed  judge  advocate 
to  his  Majesty's  forces  in  N.  America." 


These  Order  Books  have  been  printed 
with  the  '  Journals  of  Hon.  William  Hervey.' 
I  cannot  say  whether  Cramartie  is  a  mis- 
reading or  not.  but  it  is  so  printed. 

S.  H.  A.  H. 

EMERSON'S  'ENGLISH  TRAITS'  (12  S.. 
v.  234,  275,  302). — 8.  Chestnut  Street  is  one- 
of  the  principal  business  thoroughfares  in 
Philadelphia.  At  least  one  other  street 
(Walnut  Street)  in  the  city  is  named  after  a. 
tree,  and  I  believe  there  are  still  others. 

J.  R.  IL 

JOHN  HOOLE,  POET  (8  S.  ix.  307,  518),— 
I  am  now  able  to  add  a  little  further  informa- 
tion to  my  communication  at  the  latter- 
reference,  and  also  to  show  that  Hoole  was; 
descended  from  the  Hooles  of  Sheffield.. 
The  brief  pedigree  given  below  is  com- 
piled from  the  Sheffield  parish  church  L 
registers,  the  '  D.N.B.,'  Gent's  Mag.,  and. 
Foster's  '  Alumni  Oxonienses.'  It  is  difficult 
to  say  who  was  the  father  of  Robert  Hoole 
who  commences  the  pedigree,  as  there  were- 
two  Roberts  baptized  in  1654,  viz. :  Robert,, 
son  of  Robert  Hoole,  bapt.  April  4,  1654 ; 
and  Robert,  son  of  John  Hoole,  bapt.  Mar.  1,.. 
1654-5.  The  father  of  Anna  Barlow  was: 
married  in  Sheffield,  as  the  following  entry- 
in  the  register  proves  :  — 

•*  Edward  Barlowe  of  Sheffield,  cutler,  and  Eliza- 
beth Wadsworth  of  the  same,  widdowe,  was  pub- 
lished on  the  10th.  17th,  and  24th  daiesot'  Septemb- 
and  was  married  on  the  25th  dale  of   September., 
1654." 

CHARLES  DRTJRY. 

2  Ranmoor  Cliffe  Road,  Sheffield. 


Robert  Hoole,  of  Sheffield^ Anna,  dau.  of  Edward  Barlow,  cutler,  of    Sheffield, 

bap.  Nov.  5  1657,  m.  June  28,  1677,  at  Sheffield. 


J 


Samuel  Hoole,  born  Dec.  26,  1692,=f  Farah ,  dau.  of   James   Drury,  clockmaker,    of; 
bap.  at  Sheffield  Jan.  19, 1692-3.    I         Clerkenwell. 

i ' 

John  Hoole,  poet,  born  in  London=pSusannah  Smith,  "the   handsome   quaker  "  of  Bishop's - 
Dec.  1727,  d.  Aug.  2,  1SU3.  Stortford,  m.  1757. 


Rev.  Samuel  Hoole,  matric.  Magdalen  Coll.,  Oxon.,  =fMiss  Warneford,  m.  at  Dorking,  Surrey,  Dec. 
July   14,  1780,  aged  22,  born  1758,  Vioar  of  1803  (Gent's.  Mag.). 

Abinger,  Rector  of  Poplar,  d.  Feb.  26, 1839 


John  Hoole,  only  son,  matric.  Wadham  Coll.,  Oxon.,  July  3,  1822,  aged  17,= 
b.  1805,  B.A.  1826,    M.A.  1830,  Curate  of  Poplar  1827-33,  d.  1868. 


John    V^anieford    Hool«».   eld.    stn,   matric.    Corpus  Christi  Coll.   Oxon.,  June   15, 
1855,  aged  18:  b.  1837,  B  A.  1859. 


328 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          ti2s.v.DKc.,  1019. 


MARAZION   (12    S.    v.    292). — During   last 

'October    '  Under  the   Clock  '    in   The   Daily 

News   contained   several   paragraphs  on  this 

subject,  only  one  of  which  I  have  rescued 

from  destruction,  I  think  it  was  the  last  :  — 

"The  Marazion  mystery  is  clearing:  nn  very 
nicely.  The  alternative  name,  Market  Jew,  it 
seems,  is  the  corruption  of  a  Cornish  form  of  Mara- 
zion  (markets),  which  sounded  nearly  like  Market 
Jew.  Doubtless  our  mediaeval  predecessors  were 
•misled,  like  us,  by  thinking  that  the  ending  was 
zion,  whereas  it  is  ion.  The  proverb  'Sitting  in 
his  own  light  likp  the  Mayor  of  Market  Jew' 
refers  to  the  fact  that  the  main  window  of  the 
Council  chamber  is  directly  behind  the  Mayor's 
seat." 

A.  T.  W. 

Johnston's  '  Place-names  of  England  and 
Wales  '  gives  the  following  dates  and 
variants  of  this  name  :  1250,  Marhasgon  ; 
1309,  Marhasyon  ;  1313,  Marhasion  ;  c.  1470, 
Markysowe,  Marchasyowe  ;  c.  1540,  Leland, 
Markesju  ;  1595,  Marghas-iewe  (often  to-day 
"  Market  Jew,"  a  curious  example  of  popular 
etymology).  The  name  is  Cornish,  marhas 
diow  (Fr.  de  yew],  "market  on  Thursday." 
But  diow  must  have  had  an  older  form  dion. 
ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

The  origin  of  this  place-name  is  discussed 
by  Mr.  J.  Ho.rris  Stone  on  pp.  218-222  of  his 
*  England's  Riviera.' 

In  vol.  Ixxxv.  of  "  The  Homeland  Hand- 
books," being  '  Penzance  and  the  Land's 
End  District,'  at  p.  71  the  "editors," 
Messrs.  J.  B.  Cornish  and  J.  A.  D.  Bridger, 
;  state  :  — 

"The  name  is  derived  from  the  Cornish  words 

Marhas,  a  market,  and  vean,  little There  are 

•records  of  no  fewer   than   sixty-six  different  spel- 
lings of  the  two  names." 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

[MB.  W.  AVER,  MR.  N.  W.  HILL,  and  MR.  C.  H. 
PARRY  also  thanked  for  replies.] 

FIELD -NAMES  (12  S.  v.  208). — It  is  curious 
how  in  Wessex  names  are  duplicated.  Thus 

•dhurn,    Hants  ;    Churn,    Berks  ;    Sparsholt, 

Berks  ;    ditto  Hants,  Easton,  Avington,  &c. 

AfJer  a  careful  inquiry  in  Berks  I  found 

'field-names  to  be  of  Saxon  origin,  and  half 

:from  owners. 

In  the  list  given  I  believe  the  following  to 
be  surnames  of  owners  :  Vallard,  Spence, 
Hyeth  (Wyeth  ?),  Kent  (Anmary),  Evence 
(Evans),  but  really  to  discover  the  same 
fields  should  be  searched  for  in  older  deeds. 
I  wai  once  puzzled  with  "Harry  George" 
as  a  field -name,  but  traced  it  back  to 
"  Heriot's  Edge."  Another  field,  Pollards 
{Pollentines  later),  became  part  of  Valen- 

.  tine's  Farm,  sixteenth  century. 


"  Lanmer  "  is,  of  course,  Lammashands  ; 
"  Lady "  was  probably  convent-owned ; 
"  Fulin  "  probably  refers  to  the  cloth  trade  : 
"  Hamble  "  is  a  river-name  in  Hants,  and 
the  names  of  streams  are  often  only  pre- 
served in  field-names.  "  Harmage "  and 
"  Harrage  "  are  identical.  Has  it  any  con- 
nexion with  "  Hareway  "  ?  Lost  manors  also 
may  be  discovered  by  field-names.  A  few 
other  likely  Ans;lo- Saxon  derivation-;  are 
added  :  — 

Bunca*. — Bunkers. 

Chin  acre.— Chunk,  a  slice. 

Clan.—  Clane,  dean. 

Couthy.— Coathev,  rotten  sheep. 

Caterwise. — Diagonal. 

Clump. — Clumpet,  a  clod  of  earth. 

Dawser.— Dewy,  velt,  low-lying. 

Fulin.— Fuling  in  wool  making. 

Gallega.— Galley  =  to  frighten  awey. 

Hackthorn.— Haw  thorn,  from  hag  or  haw 

Hatback  — Hat,  a  ring  or  clump  of  trees. 

Kilhorse  is  kiln  house. 

Lampacie. — Perhaps  left  to  prove  altar  light. 

Lanmer.— Lam  mas. 

1'eart. — Flourishing. 

Ponfield.-Pondfield. 

Bright.— Upriaht. 

Prockled.— Wrinkled. 

(Mrs.)  E.  E.  COPE. 

GRIM  OR  GRIME  (12  S.  v.  95,  137,  160, 
245). — In  the  review  of  the  '  Books  of  the 
Lewes :  the  Story  of  a  Hebridean  Isle '  in  the 
Literary  Supplement  of  The  Times  for 
Sept.  25,  1919,  the  reviewer  speaks  of  the 
Norse  settlements  in  Lewis  [of]  which  many 
a  place-name  is  witness.  Grimersta  is 
Grim's  abode;  Suinabost,  Sweyn's  farm, and 
Bernera,  to  the  south,  is  Bjonn's  island. 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

THE  EARL  OF  BEACONSFIELD'S  BIRTH- 
PLACE (12  S.  v.  £04). — Another  claimant  to 
the  honour  is  Upper  Street,  Mingcon.  The 
late  Mr.  J.  Cordy  Jeaffreson,  in  his  '  Recol- 
lections,' vol.  i.,  states  that  his  uncle  Dr. 
John  Jeaffreson,  who  practised  in  Upper 
Street  when  the  village  of  Islington  was  a 
favourite  health  resort  of  prosperous  Lon- 
doners, was  on  intimate  terms  with  Isaac 
D'Israeli,  and  that  the  latter's  son  Benjamin 
was  a  favourite  playmate  of  their  family. 
This  Dr.  Jeaffreson  used  to  tell  in  his  vigorous 
old  age  that  Mr.  and  Mrs.  D'Israeli,  though 
occupying  the  house  in  King's  Street,  Holborn 
(now  Theobald's  Road),  were  staying,  in 
December,  1805,  in  a  house  adjoining  his 
own  in  Upper  Street  for  reasons  of  health, 
when  the  lady  was  unexpectedly  seized  with 
the  pains  of  pregnancy.  Neither  nurse  nor 
clothing  was  ready  for  the  new  arrival,  but 
Dr.  Jeaffreson  was  sent  for  and  attended  her 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919. 1 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


329 


at  Benjamin's  birth,  while  Mrs.  Jeaffreson 
found  a  nurse,  and  supplied  linen  and  clothes 
from  her  own  stores.  Mr.  J.  C.  Jeaffreson 
thinks  it  difficult  to  believe  that  the  surgeon 
could  have  been  mistaken  on  a  matter  of 
this  kind  in  relation  TO  the  wife  of  his 
familiar  friend,  though  he  admits  the 
possibility  that  having  attended  the  lady 
on  several  such  occasions  he,  after  the  lapse 
of  years,  might  have  confused  the  birth  of 
her  first  child  with  that  of  her  second  or 
third.  As  Lord  Beaconsfield  is  said  not  to 
have  been  clear  about  either  the  place  or 
the  year  of  his  birth  this  narrative  is  at 
least  worthy  of  consideration.  Mr.  J.  C. 
Jeaffreson.  admits  that  he  is  "  not  wholly 
without  doubt  "  on  the  subject. 

R.  S.  PENGELLY. 

REDE-BIRDS  (12  S.  v.  265).— By  "rede- 
bird"  is  perhaps  meant  the  "reed-bird," 
i.e.,  a  bird  which  frequents  reeds.  '  N.E.D.' 
gives  many  quotations  under  the  latter 
heading,  as — 

1648.  Hexham.  Een  riot-meese,  a  reed e  bird  like  a 
titmouse.  Also  (a)  reed- warbler  ;  (b)  sedge  warbler. 

1848.  •  Zoologist,'  vi.,  2186.  The  sedge  warbler 
is  the  •'  reed-bird." 

1871-4.  Newton,  '  Yarrell's  British  Birds,' 370. 

Its  partiality  for  reeds makes  the  name[s]  of 

reed-bird  or  reed-wren,  by  which  it  is  commonly 
known,  sufficiently  applicable. 

'N.E.D.'  also  gives  four  quotations  attri- 
buting the  name  to  a  North- American 
singing  bird,  Dolichonyx  oryzivorus  :  the 
bobolink  or  rice-bunting. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

This  appears  to  be  the  American  trivial 
name  for  the  well-known  ortolan  bunting 
(emberiza  hortulans),  one  of  the  many  species 
of  the  bunting  family.  It  is  the  "  ortolan  " 
of  gourmets. 

The  expression  "  reed  bird  "  is  not  to  be 
found  in  the  ordinary  British  books  on 
ornithology  and,  so  far,  I  have  only  come 
across  it  in  a  novel,  '  The  Rifle  Rangers,'  by 
the  late  Capt.  Mayne  Reid,  where,  in  his 
description  of  the  sumptuous  lunch  given  by 
the  Spaniard,  Don  Cosme,  at  his  Hacienda, 
it  is  referred  to  as  the  ortolan,  or  reed  bird. 
Neither  the  reed  bunting  (emberiza  schceni- 
|  clus)  nor  the  reed  warbler  (acrocephalus 
j  streperus)  is  the  "  ortolan  "  proper. 

M.  BALFE. 

On  referring  to  the  original  query  at  8  S. 

t  v.  448  I  rather  suspect  this  to  be  a  ghost  - 

|  word.     It  looks  as  if  the  scribe,  by  writing 

the  word   "  bookes  "  more  than  once,  had 

finally   written    "  cushions   for   rede   birds  'x 

instead  of   "  for  rede  bookes,"  i.e.,  reading 


books.     Such    cushions    might    be    placed 
about  the  pulpit  and  choir. 

As  to  the  suggestion  at  8  S.  vi.  72  that 
lecterns  were  intended,  I  have  noticed  that 
reading  desks  supported  on  the  outstretched 
wings  of  brass  eagles  are  very  common  in 
ritualistic  and  other  English  churches. 

N.  W.  HILL. 

[Dn.  LKFFMANN  and  ST.  SWITHIN  also  thanked ^ 
for  replies.] 

PSEUDONYMS  (12  S.  v.  293).— O.  E.,  the^ 
author  of  '  Iron  Times  with  the  Guards,'  is 
the  name  adopted  by  Mr.   Geoffrey  Fildes, . 
barrister,    third    son    of    Sir    Luke    Fildes.. 
O.  E.  is,  of  course,  Old  Etonian. 

J.  M.  BULLOCH. 

37  Bedford  Square,  W.C.I. 

'  Is  Russia  Wrong  ?  '  with  preface  by 
J.  A..  Froude,  was  written  by  O.  K.  (Mme.. 
Novikov,  formerly  Olga  Kiryeeva).  M. 

[MR.  H.  G.    HARRISON   and    W.  S.  B.   H.   also- 
thanked  tor  replies.] 

GIANTS'  NAMES  (12  S.  v.  267).— To  the 
list  given  may  be  added  perhaps  Colbrand 
and  also  Guy  of  Warwick.  See  the  latter's 
reputed  porringer  and  other  enormous  relics, . 
preserved  at  Warwick  Castle,  always  sources 
of  wonder  to  the  credulous. 

W.  JAGGARD,  Capt. 

Repatriation  Records  Registry,  Winchester. 

CAPT.  ROBERT  BOYLE  (12  S.  v.  294).— The 
story  referred  to  is  generally  considered  to 
have  been  written  by  Benjamin  Victor,  Irish 
poet  and  manager  of  the  Theatre  Royal,, 
Dublin  (d.  1778).  Bohn's  edition  of 
'  Lowndes,'  however,  ascribes  the  authorship 
of  the  book  to  Wm.  Rufus  Chetwood. 
(d.  1766).  H.  G.  HARRISON. 

Aysgarth,  Sevenoaks. 
[MR.  ARCHIBALD  SPARKE  also  thanked  for  reply  1 

'ADESTE  FIDELES  '  (12  S.  v.  292).—  MR. 
MURRAY'S  quotation  from  Rabelais  alludes 
not  to  this  hymn  but  to  a  portion  of  the 
Mass  of  the  Presanctified  on  Good  Friday 
(Feria  VI.  in  Parasceve)  in  the  '  Missale 
Romanum,'  therein  described  as  "  adoratio 
Crucis,"  but  which  amongst  our  English 
forefathers  was  known  as  the  "  creeping  to 
the  Cross."  At  this  portion  of  the  service 
the  priest  takes  of£  his  chasuble  and  goes  to 
the  Epistle  corner  of  the  altar,  where  the 
deacon  having  taken  down  the  Cross  covered, 
with  a  veil  from  the  altar,  hands  it  to  him. 
He  then  turns  towards  the  people  and 
uncovers  the  top  of  the  Cross,  singing  "  Ecce 
lignum  Crucis,"  and  the  deacon  and  sub- 
deacon  join  him  in  singing  "  in  quo 


330 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919. 


-mundi  pependit,"  and  the  choir  respond 
**  Venite,  adoremus."  At  this  response  all 
-except  the  celebrant  prostrate  themselves. 
The  celebrant  then  advances  a  little,  still  at 
the  Epistle  corner,  and  unveils  the  right  arm 
-of  the  Cross,  singing  in  a  higher  key  "  Ecce 
lignum  Crucis,"  the  sacred  ministers  and 
the  choir  joining  in  as  before.  Then  going 
to  the  middle  of  the  altar,  he  uncovers  the 
whole  cross  and  sings  a  third  time,  still 
higher,  "  Ecce  lignum  Crucis,"  the  ministers 
a,nd  choir  again  joining  in,  and  all  prostrating 
themselves  as  above.  The  rest  of  the  rite 
--does  not  concern  us  here. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 
[PROF.  BKNSLY  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

LORD  JOHN  VAUGHAN  :  DEHANY  FAMILY 
'•{12  S.  v.  268). — Archer  in  his  monumental 
inscriptions  of  the  British  West  Indies  has 
seven  inscriptions  of  the  Dehanys,  the  latest 
date  is  1767,  p.  335.  This  footnote  is 
interesting.  According  to  the  Kingston 
B.  Reg.  David  Dehany  was  buried  in  a 
garden  in  that  town.  "It  is  said  that  the 
Dehanys  claim  descent  from  the  Dehennins, 
-Counts  de  Bossu  "  (Roby).  Such  a  claim 
was  to  have  been  expected. 

Matthew  Gregory,  member  in  Assembly 
for  St.  James's,  Jamaica,  1718,  died  in 
1778,  had  among  other  children  a  daughter 
Mary  who  married  Geo.  Dehany.  The 
Journals  of  House  of  Assembly  were  com- 
posed by  Roby.  A.  M. 

GENERAL  JOHN  NICHOLSON  (12  S.  v.  180). 

— According  to  the  '  Life  of  Nicholson,'  by 

Capt.  L.  J.  Trotter,  he  was  descended  from 

a   Rev.    William    Nicholson,    who    went    to 

'Ireland  in  1589,  and  that  prior  to  that  date 

the     family     lived     in     Cumberland.     For 

"William's  descendants,  &c.,  see  chap.  i. 

G.  H.  W. 

CHARLES  MORRIS  OF  PORTMAN  SQUARE 
'{12  S.  v.  264).— Charles  Morris  (1768-1844) 
was  a  younger  son  of  James  Morris,  J.P., 
D.L.,  co.  Surrey,  High  Sheriff  1764,  by  his 
second  wife  Mary  Magdalen,  daughter  of 
Stephen,  Matthew.  Charles,  who  spent 
large  sums  in.  improving  Malvern,  married 
Sarah,  daughter  of  Anthony  Francis  Haldi- 
mand,  who  (in  1767)  founded  the  firm  of 
merchants  and  foreign  bankers  in  Old  Broad 
Street,  subsequently  known  as  Morris, 
Prevost  &  Co.  Charles  Morris  resided  at 
the  Manor  House,  Wandsworth,  co.  Surrey, 
and  in  Portman  Square.  His  eldest  son 
Charles  (d.  1806)  was  "  like  his  father,  a 
mosb  munificent  benefactor  to  the  town  of 
IVlalvern."  A  younger  son,  James  Morris  of 


Belgrave  Square,  was  a  director  of  the  Bar 
of  England  from  1827-1879. 

The  following  authorities  may  be  referre 
to  :  Burke's  *  Landed  Gentry,'  1914  (Mori 
of  York)  ;  Crisp's  'Visitations,  Notes 
vol.  viii.  pp.  92-4  ;  The  Times,  Dec.  8,  191 
(obituary  notice  of  Sir  Augustus  Prevost 

M. 

His  country  house  was  the  Manor  Hous 
East  Hill,  Wandsworth,  where  a  daught 
was  born  Aug.  24,  1800.  A  description 
}he  Manor  House  by  the  late  S.  W.  Kersha^ 
F.S.A.,  appeared  in  '  Coll.  of  Surr.  Archsec 
Soc.,'  vol.  x.,  1890  ;  also  in  '  Some  Ancie: 
Houses  of  Wandsworth,'  1912. 

LIBRARIAN. 

Public  Library,  Wandsworth,  S.W.18. 

"DRINK    BY   WORD    or   MOUTH"    (12 
v.     98,     136). — There    is     a    more    exalt< 
authority  for  the  phrase  than  the  hayfield 
'  The  Squire  of  Alsatia.' 

In  the  dinner  scene  in  Swift's  *  Poli 
Conversation,'  when  the  butler  brings  up  t 
tankard  of  October,  Lord  Smart  say 
"  Come,  Sir  John,  take  it  by  Word  of  Mout 
and  then  give  it  to  the  Colonel." 

To  those  who  do  not  know  Swift's  c 
lightful  treatise  one  may  safely  say  that  th 
ought  to,  and  that  angels  will  never  lo 
them.  EDWARD  BENSLY. 

PORTRAITS   ON    GRAVESTONES    (12   S. 
210,  277,  377,  459;  iii.  14;  v.  250,  306). 
Perhaps   it   was   by  an  oversight  that  Itf 
JOHN  DUXBURY  omitted  to  mention  at  t 
third   reference    the   handsome    monume] 
with    well  -  executed    portrait,    erected 
Blackburn    cemetery    to    the    memory 
George  Ellis  (1817-71),  musician.     Mr.  E! 
gained  celebrity  in  the  North  of  England 
band  instructor  and  conductor,  being  at  c 
period  tutor  to  the  majority  of  the  bands, 
this    part    of   the    country.     He    compos 
several  hymn  tunes. 

The  inscription  states  that  the  monunw 
was  "  erected  by  his  pupils  and  friends  ai 
tribute  of  respect  and  esteem  for  his  musi 
abilities."  R.  GRIME 

62  Duckworth  Street,  Blackburn. 

TRANSLATIONS  WANTED  (12  S.  v.  295) 
In  reply  to  COL.  SHAKESPEAR'S  inqu 
the  following  translations  can  be  reco 
mended :  — 

'  Book  of  Enoch,'  as  rendered  by  Car 
R.  H.  Charles,  who  is  also  believed  to  hf 
done  '  Secrets  of  Enoch,'  in  addition  t< 
rendering  by  the  Slavonic  scholar  a 
Oxonian,  W.  R.  Morfill,  M.A. 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


331 


'  Writings  of  Philo,'  by  Prof.  C.  D.  Yonge, 
[.A.  ;  '  Eusebius,'  by  Rev.  C.  F.  Cause, 
LA.,  both  in  Bonn's  Ecclesiastical  and 
heological  Library. 

For  '  Origen '  and  '  Irenseus  '  he  can 
onsult  T.  &  T.  Clark's  Ante-Nicene  Library. 

ANEURIN  WILLIAMS. 
Menai  View,  North  Road,  Carnarvon. 
[MR.  W.  A.  HUTCHISON  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

CHURCH  BRIEFS  (12  S.  v.  294).— A  fully 
lassified  and  indexed  list  of  these  will  be 
ound  in  a  book  by  Mr.  W.  A.  Bewes  entitled 
Church  Briefs,  or  Royal  Warrants  for 
Collections  for  Charitable  Objects,'  8vo, 
L  &  C.  Black,  1896.  The  late  Dr. 
?.  N.  Brushfield  published  two  pamphlets 
>n  '  Devonshire  Briefs '  (sixteenth-eigh- 
eenth  century),  8vo,  1895-6.  The  late 
»Ir.  Cornelius  Walford  also  published  a  small 
volume  on  '  King's  Briefs,  their  Purposes 
tnd  History,'  privately  printed,  8vo,  1883. 
H.  G.  HARRISON. 

Aysgarth,  Sevenoaks. 

I  have  an  essay  by  the  author  of  '  Paro- 
ihial  Memorials  '  that  was  published  under 
,he  title  of  '  Bygone  Briefs  '  by  Wightman  & 
3o.,  Westminster,  in  1896.  It  contains 
nteresting  matter  on  the  subject  and  a 
iseful  schedule  of  more  than  one  thousand 
>riefs  laid  in  the  parish  of  St.  Margaret, 

estminster.  PRESCOTT  Row. 

Miss  M.  E.  CORNFORD  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

BISHOP  OF  SORRON  (12  S.  iii.  109,  178).— 
lere  was  a  see  called  Sorra  in  Sardinia, 
tiose  Bishop  Arnold  granted  benediction 
Simon  Langham,  the  famous  Abbot  of 
Vestminster,  in  July,  1349. 

J.  W.  FAWCETT. 

ENSIGN  OLIVER  CROMWELL  :  CROMWELL 
'RICE  (12  S.  v.  292). — Ensign  Oliver  Crom- 
ell  was  the  grandson  of  Henry  Cromwell, 
orcl  Lieutenant  of  Ireland,  the  Protector's 
urth  son.  Henry's  second  son,  Major 
enry  Cromwell,  married  Hannah  Hewling, 

whom  he  had  a  family  of  eight  sons  and 
daughters.  After  the  death  of  the 
dest  son  Oliver,  born  in  1687,  at  the  age  oi 
3,"  the  youngest  son,  born  in  1704,  received 
le  name  of  Oliver.  In  Waylen's  'House 

Cromwell,'  p.  38,  it  is  recorded  :  — 
"  He,  like  his  father,  served  in  the  British  army 
id  held  an  ensigncy  in  an  Irish  regiment ;  but,  dis- 
king the  situation,  resigned  his  commission,  anc1 
iissed  the  rest  of  his  life  in  privacy,  dying  un 
arried  in  1748.  This  is  the  fifth  Oliver  Cromwel 
/ing  without  issue." 

N.  W.  HILL. 
! 35  Woburn  Place,  W.C.I. 


Cromwell    Price    was    the    third    son    of~ 

ueneral    Nicholas    Price    and    grandson    of 

Nicholas  Price  of  Hollymount,  co.  Down,  by 

is   wife   Catherine,   widow   of   Vere   Essex 

romwell,  Earl  of  Ardglass. 

Cromwell  Price  was  later  M.P.  for  Down- 
Datrick.  Dying  without  male  issue,  he  was 
succeded  in  the  family  estates  by  his  brother 
Nicholas. 

The  present  representative  of  the  family 
s  Major  Blackwood-Price  of  Saintfield,. 
co.  Down.  KATHLEEN  WARD. 

Cairnbinn,  Whitehouse,  co.  Antrim. 

[M.R.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  and  PROF.  BENSLY  also- 
thanked  for  replies.] 

"  TOPONYMICS  "  IN  GREAT  BRITAIN  (12  S. 
v.  290). — There  is  very  little  variety  in  the 
English  endings  of  these  words,  and  few  of 
those  of  towns  are  used.  County  names 
are  much  more  usual.  But  in  French  there 
are  several  varieties,  e.g.  : — 

Auscitain  a  man  from  Auch. 

Arrageois  „  Arras. 

Chartrain  ,,  Chartres. 

Blesois  ,,  Blois. 

Palois  „  Pau. 

iSpirialien  ,,  Epinal. 

Lexovien  „  Lisieux. 

Malouin  ,,  St.  Malo. 

Bizontiri  ,,  Besancon. 

Foxieti  ,,  Foix. 

Ti6cqrrois  ,,  Tr6guier. 

Messin  ,,  Metz. 

Auvergnat  ,,  Auvergne. 

Berrichon  „  Berry. 

Beauceron  ,,  La  Beauce. 

Castrotheodoricien      ,,  Chateau  Thierry. 

Tourquennois  ,,  Tourcoing. 

DE  V.  PAYEN-PAYNE. 

WILLIAM  PEER  :  THE  ALLEGED  ACTOR 
(12  S.  v.  263).— There  can,  I  think,  be  no  real : 
doubt  as  to  the  existence  of  William  Pere, 
or  Pierre,  in  the  flesh.  The  following  is  from 
a  letter  supposed  to  be  addressed  by 
"  Julian,  late  Secretary  of  the  Muses  to  Will 
Pierre  of  the  Play-house"  ('Letters  from, 
the  Dead  to  the  Living,'  by  Mr.  Tho.  Brown 
and  others,  2nd  edn.,  1702,  pp.  64-5)  :— 

"  For  you,  Sir,  if  I  mistake  not,  are  one  of  the 
most  ancient  of  his  Majesty's  servants,  under  the 
denomination  of  a  Player,  and  yet  cannot  advance 
above  the  delivering  a  scurvy  message,  which  the 
strutting  Leaders  of  your  House  would  do  much 
mure  awkwardly,  and  by  consequence  'tis  the  par- 
tiality jof  them  or  the  Town  that  have  (sic)  kept 
you  in  this  low  post  all  this  while." 
*  Will  Pierre's  Answer,'  ibid.,  p.  68,  is  dated. 
"  Lincolns-Inn  Fields,  Novem.  5,  1701: 
Behind  the  Scenes." 

There  is  nothing  to  suggest  that  the  other 
persons,  in  so  far  as  they  are  mentioned  by 
name,  to  whom  these  letters  are  addressed 


332 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


(.128.  V.  DEC.,  1919. 


•are  not  real.  In  Haslewood's  MS.  '  List  of 
Actors  and  Actresses  '  there  occurs  the  name 

"Peire  Th.  R.  1691,"  which  probably 
indicates  that  it  is  printed  in  the  dramatis 
personce  of  some  play  of  that  date. 

G.  THORN-DRTJRY. 

BLTJECOAT  SCHOOLS  (12  S.  v.  126,  158, 
218,  302).— A  Bluecoat  School  for  both  boys 
and  girls  was  founded  at  Colchester  in  1708 
by  members  of  the  Church  of  England,  and 
is  still  carried  on,  though  there  is  little 
competition  for  the  uniform. 

Since  the  formation  of  the  National 
Society  in  1812  their  school  and  the  Bluecoat 
School  have  been  under  the  same  master, 
but  they  are  a  distinct  foundation.  A 
Greencoat  School  was  founded  here  some- 
what later  by  Dissenters — this  is  extinct. 

Full-length  portraits  of  a  Bluecoat  boy  and 
a  girl  in  their  quaint  dress,  painted  by  Mr. 
Prank  Daniell  hang  in  the  Town  Hall. 

G.  RICKWORD,  F.R.Hist.Soc., 
Borough  Librarian. 

Colchester. 

CANTRELL  FAMILY  (12  S.  v.  291).— The 
Rev.  Thos.  Cantrell,  M.A.,  born  1649,  was 
the  son  of  John  Cantrell  of  Repton,  co.  Derby, 
and  matriculated  at  Brasenose  College, 
Oxford,  on  May  28,  1666,  aged  17  ;  B.A., 
1669-70;  M.A.  Sidney  Sussex  Coll.,  Camb., 
1681  ;  headmaster  of  Derby  School,  1684-97  ; 
vicar  of  Elvaston  from  1695  ;  buried, 
Mar.  23,  1697-8.  There  is  a  monument  to 
him  in  St.  Peter's  Church,  Derby. 

William  Cantrell,  born  in  1715,  was  the 
son  of  the  Rev.  Henry  Cantrell,  vicar  of 
St.  Alkmund's,  Derby.  Educated  at  Derby 
School,  1725-30,' and  at  Repton  School,  1730  ; 
matriculated  at  St.  John's  Coll.,  Camb.  ; 
B.A.,  1738.  Rector  of  St.  Michael's,  Stam- 
ford, Lines.  ;  and  subsequently  vicar  of 
Normanton,  co.  Rutland.  There  is  a  monu- 
ment to  him  in  St.  Alkmund's  Church, 
Derby.  Died,  Jan.  17,  1787.  He  had  a 
brother  Henry  (born  1711),  who  died  young. 
There  is  also  a  monument  to  him  in  St.  Alk- 
mund's. H.  G.  HARRISON. 

Aysgarth,  Sevenoaks. 

GEORGE  SHEPHERD  (12  S.  v.  295). — 
Bryan's  '  Dictionary  of  Painters  and  En- 
gravers '  gives  the  name  of  the  above  water- 
colour  painter  as  George  Shepheard,  but  no 
mention  is  made  of  his  being  related  to 
Thomas  Hosmer  Shepherd.  He  further 
states  that  the  latter  artist  was  possibly  a 
brother  of  George  Sydney  Shepherd,  a  well- 
known  water  colour  painter,  but  the  fact 
has  not  been  determined  definitely.  From 


1811  to  1830  George  Shepheard  occasionally 
exhibited  landscapes  from  Surrey  nac 
Sussex ;  while  George  Sydney  Shepherc 
exhibited  chiefly  metropolitan  buildings 
mostly  between  the  years  1830-37,  thougl 
his  name  only  disappears  after  1860. 

Shepheard  had  two  sons,  George  Wallwyi 
and    Lewis,    both    of    whom    were     artists 
Perhaps  MR.   NORMAN  is  confusing  Georgt 
Shepheard  and  George  Sydney  Shepherd. 
ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

Consult  British  Museum  Book  of  Englisl 
Drawings.  George  Shepherd  worked  cira 
1800-30.  Thos.  Hosmer  Shepherd  worke< 
circa  1817-40 ;  probably  son  of  George 
George  Sidney  Shepherd  was  son  of  Georgi 
Shepherd  (died  1858). 

E.  E.  LEGGATT. 

DEVONIAN  PRIESTS  EXECUTED  IN  1548-! 
(12  S.  v.  131,  183,  243).— There  seems  to  b< 
no  evidence  that  George  Stocker  was  t 
priest  or  that  he  was  executed.  In  the  lis 
at  the  end  of  the  '  Concertatio  Ecclesiae 
George  Stoker  is  mentioned  as  a  gentlemai 
living  in  exile.  The  list  was  probably  drawl 
up  about  1588. 

JOHN  B.  WAINEWRIGHT. 

GAVELACRE  :  PLACENAME  (12  S.  v.  295).- 
The  word  gavel  has  various  meanings 
according  to  its  derivation  :  — 

1.  Tribute,  toll,  custom.     Cf.  Fr.  gabelle 

2.  Hold,     or    tenure.     So    in    the    wore 
gavel-kind.     In  Norfolk  a  gavel  is  a  sheaf  o 
corn  not  yet  bound,  i.e.,  what  can  be  hel< 
in  the  reaper's  grasp.     Cf.  Welsh  gavael,  i 
hold  or  grasp. 

3.  A  fork.     Cf.  Ger.  gabel.     Hence  gavel = 
gable,  the  forked  roof. 

4.  In  Northumberland  a  gavel  is  a  strip  o 
land.     This    is    a    mis-spelling    of    cavel,    i 
strip  of  tillage  land  in  the  common  field,  i 
word  used  as  far  south  as  Lincolnshire. 

Gavel-dyke  is  an  allotment  of  fence  liabl 
to  be  maintained  by  a  farm  not  adjoining  il 
Allotments  of  gavel-dyke  are  mostly  agains 
commons,  and  seem  originally  to  have  bee: 
intended  to  relieve  the  farms  next  .  th 
commons  from  a  part  of  the, pressure  am 
trespass  occasioned  by  sheep. 

M.  E.  CORNFORD,  Librarian. 

William  Salt  Library,  Stafford. 

For  the  explanation  of  many  composit 
words  beginning  and  ending  with  gavel  se 
Somner's  '  Gavelkynd.'  In  this  case  gav*. 
is  simply  the  Saxon  word  signifying  "  rent  " 
and  was  in  general  use  and  confined  to  n 
especial  localities.  Possibly  the  land  referrei 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.  ] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


33S 


to  was  at  one  time  devoted  to  religious 
purposes,  and  so  analogous  to  that  in  the 
following  quotation  from  Lewis'  '  History 
of  Faversham,'  p.  86  :  — 

"These  altars  had  all  of  them  lights  burning  on 
them,  which  with  the  other  expenses  relating  to 
them  were  provided  in  the  following  manner,  viz., 
to  St.  Margaret's  Light  was  given  one,  or  as  some 
say,  two  acres  of  land,  called  St.  Margaret's  Yavel 
or  Gafel,  and  to  this  day  the  Margaret  Acre." 
The  grammar  is  his,  not  mine. 

F.  F.  LAMBARDE. 
[MR.  A.  R.  BAYLEY  also  thanked  for  reply.] 

"  GAMP  "  AS  ADJECTIVE  (12  S.  iv.  102). — 
Dickens,  it  is  true,  gives  his  characters  at 
times  redende  Namen,  such  as  Mrs.  Leo 
Hunter  and  Lord  Frederick  Verisopht, 
though  less  frequently  than  Thackeray,  and 
with  less  subtlety  (there  are  readers,  I 
believe,  who  do  not  rise  to  the  latter' s 
Wenham  and  Percy  Sibwright).  But  most 
people  who  know  Dickens' s  books  well  would 
probably  agree  that  "  Gamp  "  has  no 
original  significance,  however  appropriate 
to  the  person  association  may  seem  to  have 
made  it.  When  Mrs.  Gamp  hands  her 
professional  card  to  Mercy  with  the  words  : 
"  Gamp  is  my  name,  and  Gamp  my  nater," 
the  absurdity  is  apparent,  and  to  analyse 
it  might  argue  an  imperviousness  to  humour. 
The  comparison  or  antithesis  between  name 
and  nature,  though  not  illustrated  by  the 
'N.E.D.,'  is  of  long  standing,  and  like  most 
things  it  comes  in  Swift's  *  Polite  Conversa- 
ion  '  :  — 

Lord  Sparkish.  Pray,  Madam,  does  your  Lady- 
ship know  Mrs.  Nice? 

Lady  Smart.  Perfectly  well,  my  Lord  ;  she's  nice 
by  Name,  and  nice  by  Nature. 
A  remark  of  Mrs.  Gamp's  which  should  be 
compared  with  that  given  above  is  to  be 
found  in  a  later  chapter  of  *  Martin 
Chuzzlewit  '  (xxix.)  :  — 

"Where's  the  patient  goin'?"  asked  Sweedle- 
pipe. 

"Into  Har'fordshire,  which  is  his  native  air. 
But  native  airs  nor  native  graces  neither,"  Mrs. 
Clamp  observed,  4t  won't  bring  him  round." 

EDWARD  BENSLY. 

Ouclle  Cottage,  Much  ELadham,  Herts. 

DR.  STOCKS  (12  S.  v.  237).— According  to 
5oa:-e's  '  Modern  English  Biography,'  Dr. 
rohn  Ellerton  Stocks  was  the  son  of  B. 
Stocks,  manager  of  the  Hull  Branch  of  the 
>  Bank  of  England,  and  was  born  at  Cotting- 
lam,  near  Hull,  in  1826.  He  was  educated 
it  University  College,  London,  obtained  the 
degree  of  M.D.,  and  was  elected  a  Fellow 
)f  the  Linnaean  Society  in  1848.  From 
1844  until  his  death  he  wras  an  assistant 


surgeon  in  the  Bombay  Medical  Service,, 
while  he  also  acted  as  Vaccinator  and  then. 
Inspector  of  Drugs  in  Scinde,  and  was 
Conservator  of  Forests  during  Dr.  A.  . 
Gibson's  absence  on  furlough.  He  arrived 
in  England  in  the  winter  of  1853,  bringing 
extensive  collections  of  plants,  and  he 
deposited  in  the  Kew  Museum  complete  sets 
of  the  economic  products  of  the  countries 
visited  by  him.  He  died  suddenly  at 
Cottingham  on  Aug.  30?  1854.  A  memoir 
of  him  will  be  found  in  The  Gentleman's 
Magazine  for  October,  1854. 

ARCHIBALD  SPARKE. 

GEORGE  BORROW  :  LIEUT.  PARRY  (12  S. 
v.  95). — No  replies  having  appeared,  I  may 
perhaps  say  that  I  have  accidentally  come 
across  the  following  reference  to  a  Lieut. 
Perry  in  Irving's  '  Annals  of  Our  Time,' 
under  date  of  June  29,  1854  :  — 

"Quarrel,  leading  to  a  Court-martial,  between 
Lieut.  Greer  and  Lieut.  Perry,  of  the  46th  Regt., 
stationed  at  Windsor  Barracks  The  verdict  laid; 
before  the  Commander-in-chief  recommended  that 
Lieut.  Perry  be  dismissed  the  service,  and  Greer 
severely  reprimanded  :  but  this  being  thought  con- 
trary to  evidence.  Her  Majesty  was  pleased  not  to> 
confirm  the  sentence.  A  Horse  Guards'  Memoran- 
dum of  the  2nd  of  September  explained  the  course 
which  Lord  Hardinge  thought  proper  to  take  in- 
bringing  the  questions  relating  to  the  discipline  of 
the  46th  to  an  issue." 

Borrow  seems  to  have  written  declaiming 
injustice  to  Parry  (or  Perry)  before  non- 
confirmation  of  the  court-martial  sentence  ;. 
and  as  '  Wild  Wales  '  did  not  reach  publica- 
tion for  some  years  after  it  was  written,  it 
would  seem  that  no  revision  of  his  original 
manuscript  was  attempted  by  the  author. 

W.  B.  H. 

GILBERT  WHITE:  PORTRAIT  OF  (12  S. 
v.  264). — The  portrait  mentioned  at  the 
above  reference  represented  a  young,  round- 
faced  man,  wearing  a  grey  wig,  with  a  clerical 
collar  and  bands.  Attached  to  the  frame 
was  a  tablet  apparently  of  early  nineteenth- 
century  date,  bearing  the  name  Gilbert 
White.  Of  course  the  mere  lettering  of  the 
tablet  would  prove  nothing,  but  some  experts 
were  of  opinion  that  the  features  bore  a  very 
marked  family  likeness  to  an  authentic 
portrait  of  Thomas  White,  the  brother  of  the 
author  of  the  '  Natural  History,'  then  in  the 
possession  of  a  member  of  the  family,  and 
that  both  pictures  were  the  work  of  the  same 
artist,  Thomas  Robinson,  who  towards  the 
end  of  his  life  migrated  to  Ireland  and  became 
president  of  the  Dublin  Society  of  Artists. 
The  authenticity  of  the  portrait  could  not  be 
definitely  established  because  nothing  was 


334 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


[128.  V.  DEC.,  1919 


Iknown  of  its  history  prior  to  its  being  found 
-one  Friday  afternoon  in  August,  1912,  at  the 

•  Caledonian  Market,  but  so  far  as  I  am  aware, 
it  was  never  suggested  that  it  was  a  forgery. 

The  painting  was  acquired  by  Mr.  John 

•  Glen  of  34  Davies  Street,  Berkeley  Square, 
but  I  am  not  aware  in  whose  possession  it 
now  is.     It   was  reproduced  in   The   Daily 
Mail  of  Mar.  3,  1913.  G.  P. 

THREE  CRIPPLED,  FIELD  LANE  (12  S. 
v.  292). — This  sign  was  probably  invented 
by  Dickens.  There  does  not  appear  to  have 

•  ever  been  a  tavern  so  named  in  that  district, 
but  there  was  at  one  time  a  Three  Cocks  in 

'Cow  Lane,  and  a  Three  Kings  in  Clerkenwell 
Close,  both  near  to  Field  Lane. 

T.  W.  TYRRELL. 

EXCHANGE  OF  SOULS  IN  FICTION  (12  S. 
v.  124,  191,  246,  279,  306).— Sir  A.  Conan 
Doyle's  short  story,  '  The  Great  Keinplatz 
Experiment,'  to  be  found  in  the  volume 
'  The  Captain  of  the  Polar  Star,  and  Other 
Tales'  (Longmans).  R.  GRIME. 

ELEPHANT:  OLIPHANT  (12  S.  v.  238,  301). 
— I  think  you  will  find  the  facts  to  be  that 
the  origin  of  the  name  was  William  Olifard, 
who  came  over  with  William  the  Conqueror 
'from  France  and  then  attached  himself  to  the 
Scotch  cause. 

Later  another  William  Olifard,  when 
fighting  at  the  side  of  his  king  in  an  unequal 
combat  with  the  Saracens,  refreshed  him 
when  exhausted  with  a  draught  of  water 
from  his  drinking  horn  made  of  an  elephant's 
tusk.  For  that  the  king  knighted  him  on 
the  field  of  battle,  Sir  William  Olifaunt, 
which  is  one  of  the  old  spellings  of  elephant. 

It  will  be  remembered  that  the  arms  of  the 
Lairds  of  Gask  have  two  elephants  for 
supporters.  It  was  through  the  good 
offices  of  Sir  Walter  Scott  that  the  fortunes 
of  the  Oliphants  lost  by  the  family  alliance 
to  the  Jacobite  cause  were  restored. 

W.  ELWIN  OLIPHANT. 

Wabern,  Berne,  Switzerland. 

AUTHORS  OF  QUOTATIONS  WANTED  (12  S.  v.  295). — 
1.  The  lines  quoted,  but  incorrectly  so,  are  from 
A.  C.  Swinburne's  poem  "A  Match,"  (Poems  and 
Ballads,  first  series).    The  correct  version  is  :— 
If  you  were  April's  Lady, 
And  I  were  lord  in  May, 
We'd  throw  with  leaves  for  hours 
And  draw  for  days  with  flowers, 
Till  day  like  night  were  shady 
And  night  were  bright  like  day ; 
If  you  were  April's  lady, 
And  I  were  lord  in  May. 

W.  A.  HUTCHISON. 

[Several  other  correspondents  also  thanked  for 
replies.] 


THOMAS  COTESMORE  (12  S.  v.292). — 1 t 
afraid  that  my  last  two  lines  at  the  abo 
reference  are  a  stupid  mistake.  The  Thorr 
Cotesmore  I  was  writing  about,  is  said 
have  died  in  prison  in  1584.  The  Thorr 
Cotesmore  to  whom  the  passage  in  t 
'  Chetham  Soc.  Publ.'  relates  was  a  semina 
priest  ordained  in  1580,  and  sent  to  Engla 
in  1582.  JOHN  B.  WAINEWBIGHT. 


fiofca  0n  18aofcs, 

The  Oxford  EnaHsh  Dictionary.—  (Vol.  IX.  S\ 
Th.)  Sfratuv-Styx  By  Henry  Bradley.  Swe 
Szmikite.  By  C.  T.  Onions.  '(Oxford,  Clarerid 
Press,  each  5s.  net. ) 

THE  latest  section  of  the  Dictionary  completes  tl 
immense  letter  S.  T  had  been  finished  earlier,  a 
so  the  work  of  Dr.  Bradley  and  his  coadjutors 
nearing  its  end.  U,  V,  and  Z,  will  not, 
imagine,  be  anything  like  so  formidable  to  tackle 
W,  which  remains  the  chief  task.  The  letter  Si 
the  interesting  Preface  added  to  Mr.  Onio 
section  informs  us,  extends  to  2408  pages,  a  fi 
which  is  sufficient  alone  to  indicate  the  v! 
superiority  of  the  Dictionary  over  any  other  in  a 
language.  The  shelter  of  "  Academick  bower 
which  Johnson  missed,  has  been  amply  justified 
the  achievements  begun  by  the  late  Sir  Jan 
Murray  at  Mill  Hill.  The  war  withdrew  in  succ 
sion  several  members  of  the  Dictionary  Staff,  a 
the  Editor  himself  in  the  second  half  of  1918  ;  t 
advance  through  the  alphabet  has  been  steady  a 
successful,  and  the  latest  parts  are  full  of  exhai 
tive  analysis,  copious  quotations,  and  new  knc 
ledge. 

Dr.  Bradley  has  dealt  with  several  familiar  woi 
which  have  a  wealth  of  meanings.  "  Strike  "  a 
"Stunt"  bring  his  information  quite  up-to-da 
The  former  word  is  an  instance  of  the  wonder 
work  of  the  Dictionary  in  analysing  varic 
senses.  The  "strikes"  the  public  have  reason 
remember  are  so-called  from  the  development  oi 
nautical  phrase.  Dr.  Johnson  in  his  Dictions 
knew  nothing  of  them.  It  is  difficult  to  be  si 
that  we  have  missed  no  example  in  the  imposi 
display  of  quotations ;  but  we  think  Matth< 
Arnold's  "Strike  leftward  cries  our  guide"  in  1 
4  Stanzas  from  the  Grande  Chartreuse '  would  be 
suitable  addition.  "  Strinel "  is  one  of  sevei 
words  which  will  be  quite  new  to  the  avera 
reader.  "Strip"  is  a  familiar  word  which  ags 
illustrates  the  wonderful  work  of  the  Dictionai 
The  derivation  of  "  Stroll  "  is  uncertain,  but  it  m 
be,  we  learn,  among  the  High  German  woi 
introduced  in  the  seventeenth  century  by  soldie 
Swift's  "Struldbrug"  is  included,  an  arbitra 
invention  which  has  sufficiently  impressed  itself 
the  language  to  lead  to  "  Struldhruggian  "  a 
"  Struldbrugism  "  The  quotation  for  "  strumi 
in  1784  is  the  title  of  a  book.  A  notorious  instan 
of  that  disease  was  Dr.  Johnson,  and  on  p.  4 
the  life  by  Hawkins  is  a  reference  to  ''thestrun 
or,  as  it  is  called,  the  king's-evil."  "  Stud ;>  incluc 
two  different  nouns-  "Studio"  is  first  quoted 
i  1819,  though  we  should  have  exppcted  to  find  it 
I  the  eighteenth  century.  "Stuff"  is  obscure 
'  etymology,  and  is  a  good,  honest  English  wo 


12  S.  V.  DEC.,  1919.] 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES. 


335 


which  has  somewhat  gone  out  of  fashion.  "  Stum 
bling-block "  was  introduced  by  Tindale  in  his 
version  of  the  New  Testament,  but  the  phrase 
"stumble  over  a  block"  (of  wood)  is  earlier.  The 
cricket  sense  of  "stump"  is  traced  back  to  1735, 
but  the  pulling  up  of  stumps  is  a  still  earlier  phrase. 
"Stunning,"  a  popular  adjective  for  a  time, 
answering  to  the  present  "tophole,"  did  not  lash, 
we  gather,  beyond  the  eighties  of  last  century. 
"Stupefy"  is  rightly  so  spelt,  following  its  Latin 
origin,  but  it  was  till  recently  spelt  "stupify." 
"Stupid"  has  the  same  sense,  meaning  originally 
"deadened"  or  "dulled  in  the  faculties." 
"Sturdy"  is  an  old  word,  for  it  originally  meant 
44 giddy,"  and  its  derivation  is  still  unsettled.  All 
the  suggestions  offered  seem  decidedly  fanciful  in 
sense,  but  we  cannot  say  that  any  of  them  is  far 
fetched  in  view  of  "  muscle '*=''  little  mouse,"  and 
other  known  peculiarities  of  derivation.  The 
"stymie  "of  the  golfer  is  also  of  obscure  origin 
It  is  curious  that  the  Dictionary  does  not  put  it 
baok  beyond  1856. 

Looking  again  at  the  Preface  attached  to  the  sec- 
tion edited  by  Mr.  Onions  we  find  that  the  number 
of  main  words  included  under  'S'  is  27,929,  of 
which  5,487  are  obsolete.  The  number  of  quotations 
is  298,006,  truly  a  heroic  record  of  diligence  ! 

The  section  begins  in  the  middle  of  "Sweep,' 
which  with  its  derivations  is  an  important  word 
'Sweep-stake'1  originally  meant  "Sweeping,"  or 
taking  the  whole  of  the  stake,  and  was  used  in  the 
sixteenth  and  seventeenth  centuries  for  "a  clea 
sweep."  Among  the  derivations  of  "sweet"  is 
Shakespeare's  pretty  "sweeting"  which  did  not 
catch  on  in  later  language  as  a  term  of  endearment, 
though  English  is  generally  lacking  in  such  expres- 
sions. The  original  William  after  whom  the 
'  Sweet-william  "  was  named  no  man  knows, 
i 'Swelt"  will  be  new  to  most  people,  being  obsolete 
for  many  years,  except  in  dialect.  The  cognate 
[*  Sweal."  to  scorch,  is  in  Barnes's  'Glossary  of  the 
Dorset  Dialect.'  "  Swelth,"  "  swench,"  and  "  swepe'' 
\  whip)  are  other  effective  sounding  words  now  lost 
bo  the  language.  "Swig"  includes  six  words. 
| 'Swim"  irf  the  sense  of  giddiness  has  no  poetical 
h  notation  in  the  nineteenth  century.  "  Farewell, 
life!  my  senses  swim"  occurs  in  Hood's  'Stansas,' 
\pril,  1845.  "Swing"  is  a  long  and  interesting 
yord,  and  has  a  special  sense  derived  from  a 
ictitious  Captain  Swing,  under  whose  name  in- 
imidatiim  letters  were  sent  to  farmers  and  land- 
Owners  in  1830-1.  "  Swingeing  damages,"  when  so 
jpelt,  reveals  the  origin  of  the  verb  as  "  swinge," 
i'  beat,  thrash."  The  word  "  Swisser  "  reminds  us 
hat  old-fashioned  people  within  our  memory  used 
|o  talk  of  "  Swisserland."  The  "switchback" 
ailway  is  a  joy  introduced  apparently  in  1838. 
I  Swot,"  the  hard  work  of  the  schoolboy,  is  illus- 
jrated  first  from  our  own  columns,  which  give  its 
ierivation  at  Sandhurst.  "  Symposium  "  originally 
leans  a  drinking  party,  and  Plato's  famous  dia- 
pgue  has  led  to  its  use  for  discussions  of  the  driest 
haracter,  in  which  there  may  be  much  "  swotting," 
lit  there  is  little  "swigging."  "Syringa"  is  used 
|y  ordinary  people  fora  well-known  shrub  with  white 
lossoms,  but  the  botanist  calls  it  "Philadeiphus." 
''  is  curious  that  the  term  "  mock-orange."  which 
as  quite  a  good  one,  should  have  been  discarded 
1  favour  of  a  Greek  form  of  word  The  learned 
(imes  of  plants  seem  to  indicate  that  they  were 
inored  by  the  common  people,  and  mainly  recog- 
Ised  by  men  of  science. 


L'lntermediaire  des  chercheurs  et  curieux.     10  Nov. 
iy  i  i/. 

OUR  French  contemporary,  as  the  editor  laments,  is 
hampered  by  difficulties  not  unknown  to  us  ;  never- 
theless it  appears  three  times  a  month  and  the 
number  before  us  is  full  of  interest.  There  is  no 
equivalent  to  Notes,  but  an  abundance  of  Queries 
and  Replies,  with  a  small  section  at  the  end  headed 
•'  Trouvailles  et  Curiosites."  At  least  one  of  our  own 
frequent  contributors  finds  a  place  in  its  columns, 
and  we  see  that  "Why  don't  they  eat  cake?"  is 
being  now  discussed  as  it  was  discussed  a  little 
time  back  in  '  N.  and  Q.'  The  foreign  subscription 
is  at  present  18  fr.  a  year,  but  the  editor  gives  a 
warning  that  with  1920  it  will  be  raised  to  26  fr. 
We  wish  U Intermediaire  every  success  in  face  of 
the  obstacles  it  has  to  overcon^e. 


BOOKSELLERS'    CATALOGUES. 

FROM  Hrn.  Gilhofer  &  Ranschburg  (Bogner- 
gasse  2,  Wien  I.)  comes  their  latest  catalogue  of 
books  upon  the  Fine  Arts.  It  mainly  comprises  the 
libraries  of  a  couple  of  connoisseurs,  who,  judging 
from  the  contents  of  the  thick  list  before  us,  must 
have  had  a  trained  and  practised  eye  in  the  selec- 
tion of  their  volumes.  For  here  are  books  on  all 
branches  of  art,  not  only  modern  works,  but  also 
the  large  folios  of  the  eighteenth  centuiy,  including 
works  on  ancient,  mediaeval  and  oriental  art, 
sculpture  and  painting,  with  a  fine  series  of  stan- 
dard books  on  modern  stylists.  In  all  there  are 
sixteen  sections,  most  of  them  being  sub-divided, 
in  which  every  branch  of  artistic  study  is  well 
represented,  even  down  to  an  excellently  arranged 
section  on  silhouettes  and  playing  cards.  Hrn. 
Gilhofer  and  Ranschburg  are  to  be  congratulated 
upon  this,  their  latest  compilation,  and  as  the 
prices  are  far  from  excessive,  would-be  collectors 
are  advised  to  send  for  a  copy  of  the  catalogue 
and  to  place  their  orders  as  early  as  possible. 

WE  have  received  a  copy  of  Catalogue  No.  .382, 
English  Literature  of  the  Eighteenth  Century, 
from  Messrs.  Maggs  Bros.,  34  and  35  Conduit  Street 
London,  W.  It  contains  no  less  than  516  different 
items.  There  is  a  considerable  section  on  Political 
Economy.containing  many  rare  pamphlets  on  the 
trade  and  currency  of  Great  Britain.  There  are 
also  many  important  Goldsmith  items,  including 
the  first  edition  of  k  The  Deserted  Village.'  We 
notice  a  number  of  rare  books  on  Freemasonry, 
including  the  first  edition  of  Anderson's  '  Constitu- 
tion of  the  Freemasons  of  1723,'  with  the  engraved 
frontispiece.  Defoe  is  well  represented  with  an 
uncut  copy  of  the  first  edition  of  'A  Journal  on  the 
Plague  Year,'  which  is  probably  unique  in  its 
uncut  state.  Defoe's  '  Review  of  the  British 
Nation,'  complete  with  the  exception  of  two  num- 
bers ;  this  is  Defoe's  possibly  greatest  and  certainly 
scarcest  work.  No  astual  complete  set  is  known 
to  exist ;  up  to  now  the  Huth  copy  was  considered 
the  most  complete,  but  Messrs.  Maggs' copy  is 
much  more  complete,  as  they  possess  the  additional 
volume  which  is  so  excessively  rare  that  Lowndss 
states  only  a  few  numbers  exist,  and  that  the  latest 
known  number  is  85.  Messrs.  Maggs'  volumes 
comprise  up  to  No.  106,  the  final  number.  Ano  her 
interesting  first  edition  is  Coleridge's  'Fall  of 
Robespierre,'  historical  drama,  Cambridge,  1794, 
the  author's  first  publication,  and  written  in  con- 


336 


NOTES  AND  QUERIES.          [JSJS.V.DEO..IM 


junction  with  Southey.  It  is  well  known  that 
this  drama  was  produced  in  one  evening,  Coleridge, 
Southey  and  Lovell  each  writing  one  act.  Coleridge 
took  the  manuscript  with  him  to  Cambridge,  and 
there  re-wrote  part  of  the  drama,  and  published  it 
under  his  own  name.  Southey  wrote,  "It  was 
written  with  newspapers  before  me  as  fast  as  news- 
papers could  be  put  into  blank  verse.  I  have  no 
desire  to  claim  it  now,  neither  am  I  ashamed  of 
it."  Six  pages  of  the  catalogue  are  devoted  to 
uncommon  pamphlets  of  the  Old  and  Young 
Pretenders. 

We  have  also  received  from  Messrs.  Maggs  Bros, 
their  Catalogue  No.  383,  containing  Engraved 
Portraits.  Decorative  Prints,  Sporting  Prints, 
Etchings,  Engravings  by  the  Old  Masters,  and 
Historical  and  Topographical  Engravings.  Fine 
prints  (302  in  number)  are  catalogued  with  34  fine 
reproductions  of  the  most  interesting  engravings. 
Our  readers  may  consider  the  first  part,  which 
contains  engraved  portraits  principally  of  the 
eighteenth  and  early  nineteenth  centuries,  to  be 
the  most  interesting.  A  charming  print  is  VVat- 
son's  mezzotint  of  the  Three  Irish  Graces  in  a 
brilliant  impression  of  the  first  state,  printed  in  a 
rich  brown  tone  before  the  title  was  added.  A 
brilliant  open-letter  proof-impression  of  the  Duchess 
of  Devonshire  after  Gainsborough  by  Barney  is  very 
pretty,  though  some  may  be  inclined  tn  prefer  the 
stipple  in  colours  of  Lady  Elizabeth  Foster  after 
Sir  Joshua  Reynolds.  Other  charming  ladies  are 
Lady  Kent,  Lady  Sofia  Paget  by  Meyer  after 
Hoppner,  and  Mrs.  Siddons  BIS  the  Tragic  Muse. 
We  also  notice  some  delicate  Morlands,  and  two 
fine  Swiss  prints  in  colours  by  Freudenberger. 
Some  excellent  Wheatleys  in  colours  are  all 
pleasant  prints  which  one  would  like  to  keep  on 
one's  walls.  Among  the  Diirers  the  Saint  Eustace, 
of  which  a  good  representation  is  given,  will  pro- 
bably be  preferred. 

MR.  G.  A.  POYNDER  has  sent  us  his  last 
Catalogue  of  Secondhand  Books,  and  we  understand 
he  will  shortly  be  publishing  another.  Copies  may 
be  had  on  application  to  him  at  4  Broad  Street, 
Reading. 


©bttitarn. 

EDWARD    SMITH. 

WE  regret  to  announce  the  death  of  Mr.  Edward 
Smith,  which  took  place  in  a  nursing  home  at 
Whitstable  on  the  13th  inst,  in  his  81st  year.  He 
was  a  man  of  many-sided  literary  activities.  His 
'  Life  of  William  Cobbett,'  published  so  long  ago  as 
1878,  is  still  one  of  the  standard  biographies  of  that 
interesting  personality ;  it  is  excelled  by  his  last 
work,  issued  in  1911,  the  '  Life  of  Sir  Joseph 
Banks,'  the  18th-century  President  of  the  Royal 
Society  But  perhaps  his  most  useful  work  is  one 
that  still  remains  in  three  volumes  of  manuscript, 
viz.,  an  Index  Locorum  to  Birch's  '  Cartularium 
Saxonicum.'  This  is  not  merely  a  bald  list  of  the 
place-names  occurring  in  that  invaluable  collection 
of  charters  of  the  Anglo-Saxon  period  :  it  contains 
numerous  identifications,  many  worked  out  for  the 
first  time,  of  the  ancient  forms  with  the  modern 
names.  For  a  long  time  he  was  a  fairlv  frequent 
contributor  to  '  N.  &  Q.'  on  topographical  and 
bibliographical  matters. 


The  Proprietor  is  obliged  to  warn  his  reac 
that  other  arrangements  for  'N.  &  Q.' 
probably  have  to  be  made.  He  has  him 
been  doing  the  duties  from  errand-boy 
Editor  without  salary,  and  cannot  conti 
under  such  conditions. 


to 

WE  cannot  undertake  to  answer  queries  privati 
but  we  will  forward  advance  proofs  of  ansv 
received  if  a  shilling  is  sent  with  the  que 
nor  can  we  advise  correspondents  as  to  the  vt 
of  old  books  and  other  objects  or  as  to  the  mean 
disposing  of  them. 

BRAYE,  Windsor.— Hope  to  insert  queries  sen 

MR  W.  A.  HUTCHISON  ("  Philo-Judjeus  ")•— 1 
warded  to  querist. 

Letters  forwarded  to  G.  F.  R.  B.,  MR.  JOHN 
WAINEWRIGHT,  and  MR.  W.  R.  WILLIAMS. 

MR.  C.  E.  STKATTOK,  Boston,  Mass,  ("  Emersr 
'EnglishTraits  '  ").— Anticipated  at  ante,  p.  302 

MR.  G.  D.  McGRiGOR  wishes  to  thank  an  ano 
mous  correspondent  for  sending  him  interest 
details  re  the  third  and  last  Earl  of  Carbery. 


THE    ONLY    MAGAZINE   OF  ITS   KIND!! 


For  Readers,    Writers.  Teachers,   Students 
and  all  Lovers  of  the  Language. 

6d.  Monthly.    8d.  Post  Free.     Aunual  Subs.  7s.  6c 

W.  &  G.  FOYLE,  Ltd., 

121-125  Charing  Cross  Road,  London,  W.C.2. 


WANTED,  COPY  OF  NOTES  AND  QUER] 
for  APRIL,  1917  (No.  67).     State  Price. 
Rev.L\WRENCE  PHILLIPS,  Theological  College,  LICHPIE1 


T      HARVEY     BLOOM,     M.A.     (Cambridj 

tf  .  Archivist  and  Genealogist, 

601  BANK  CHAMBERS.  329  HIGH  HuLRORN,  E.C.I. 
Mr.  Bloom  is  prepared  to  arrange  and  Calendar  Collections  of  Pa 
and  Documents,  to  Condense  and  Edit  Material  for  Manorial 
Family  History,  and  to  give   advice  on  all   Antiquarian    Mat 
Prospectus  on  apulicntion. 


DESEARCHES,      Proof -Reading,     Indexi 

L\>  Revision  of  M3S.  Good  experience.  Highest  testimonials. 
Town  daily.-Mr.  F.  A.  HADLAND,  15  Bellevue  Mansions,  F< 
Hill.  S.K.28. 


ANTIQUARIAN     TYPEWRITING.—  ( 
Family  Papers,    MSB..  Pedigrees,    Notes,    Letters,    very 
Parchments  and  Deeds. 

KATHARINK    SHERWOOD,  210  Strand.  London, W.C.2. 


BOOKS. —  ALL    OUT-OF-PRINT    BOO 
supulied,  no   matter   on    what   subject.     Please  state  wi 
Burko's    Peerage,   new  copies.  1914,  8«.  ;  19L5, 108.  ;  published  42* 
-BAKER'S  Great  Bookshop,  14-16  John  Bright  Street.  Birmiughi 


rnuE 


AUTHOR'S    HAIRLESS    PAPER-P^ 


(The  LEADENHALL  PRESS.   Ltd.,   Publishers  and  Priute 

29  47  GARDEN  ROW. 

ST.   GEORGE'S    ROAD,    8OUTHWARK.    S.E.I.) 
Contains  hairless  paper,    over  which  the  pen  slips  with  pel 
fr«<»dom.    Whw»p<»nc*i  each.     8s.  per   dozen,  ruled  or  plain,     f 
size,  *«.  per  dozen,  ruled  or  plain. 
STlOKPHAbT  is  a  clean  white  Paste  andnot  a  messy  liquid. 


Not«8  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


TWELFTH  SERIES.-VOL.  Y. 


SUBJECT     INDEX 


For  classified  articles  see  ANONYMOUS  WORKS,  BIBLIOGRAPHY,  BOOKS  RECENTLY  PUBLISHED, 
CHRISTIAN  NAMES,  COINS,  EPITAPHS,  FOLK-LORE,  HERALDRY,  MOTTOES,  OBITUARY,  PLACE-NAMES, 
PROVERBS  AND  PHRASES,  QUOTATIONS,  SHAKESPEARIAN  A,  SONGS  AND  BALLADS,  SURNAMES, 
and  TAVERN  SIGNS.] 


1  Abanazar,"  its  meaning  as  an  epithet,  68,  106 
Abdolla,'  its  meaning,  182,  243 
Uxmlcasem,  reference  to  him,  268 
Accentuation,  changes  noticed  in  '  New  English 

Dictionary,'  32,  105,  137,  166 
Adeste  Fideles,'  its  date,  and  Rabelais's  supposed 

parody,  292,  329 

kinslie  Bond,  its  whereabouts  and  history,  41,  80 
Lirship,  London-Paris  project,  1835,  58  ;    adver- 
tisement, 59,  107 

Uabaculia,  name  of  racehorse,  its  origin,  98,  163 
Albania,'  anonymous  work,  author  wanted,  211 
Udelima,  1280,  its  locality,  96,  157 
Lldersons,  Warrington  glassmakers,  information 

wanted,  152 

Udridge  (Ida  F.),  negro  actor,  his  history,  263 
Alexander,  Athlone  merchant,  c.  1750,  particulars 

wanted,  292 

Lliens  in  Maidstone  in  1567,  169 
Jlen  (Edward),  painter  and  engraver,  partculars 

wanted,  126 

Jleynes  or  Aliens  at  Westminster  school,  291 
Ambassador,  a  definition  of,  its  origin,  210,  243 
America's  Reply,'  poem,  particulars  wanted,  317 
Lrnerican  link  with  Winchester,  206 
Lmerican  soldiers,  the  first  killed  in  the  War,  36 
Amorous   Miser,'  anonymous  play,  and  '  Farewel 

Folly,'  310 
Anderson  (Sir  Francis),  his  descendants  wanted, 

122 
mderson    (William),    artist,   place   of   his   death 

wanted,  209 


Andrews  family,  detail  wanted,  124 

"  Anglo-Saxon    contagion,"  Matthew  Arnold  on, 

38 

Anguish  family  of  Somerleyton,  165 
Anguish     Street,     Lowestoft,     origin     of    name, 

122,  165,  194,  221 
Animal-lover,  an  eighteenth -century,  his  epitaph, 

290 

Ann  of  Swansea,  identity  wanted,  322 
Anne's  (Queen)  exercise  of  Sovereign's  Veto,  95,. 

155,  214,  272 

Anonymous  Works : — 

'Albania,'  211  ; 

'  Amorous  Miser,'  310 

'  Art  of  Conversation,'  267 

'  Hints  to  Freshmen,'  290 

'  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  254,  299,  323 

'Voyages of   Capt.    Robert   Boyle,'    294, 

329 

Ant-bear,  its  indifference    to    hunger,  125,  193 
Anthem,  "  Lord,  for  Thy  tender  mercy's  sake," 

its  author  wanted,  291 

*  Anthologia  Graeca,'  Johnson's  translation,  10,  49 
Apochromatic,  pronunciation  of  the  word,  209, 

250,  277 

Aragonise,  a  knight,  mention  and  query  about,  26 
Archery,  the  longest  bowshot,  180,  220,  278 
"  Argyles  "—gravy-pots,    origin    of    name,    154, 

219,  248,  326 

Aristotle  on  the  Greek  temperament,  22 
Arms  on  stone  entablature,  information  wanted, 

293 

Army  list,  English,  of  1740,  270 

Army  officers,  1727-60,  obituary  list  wanted,  233  " 
Arnold  (Matthew)  on  "  Anglo-Saxon  Contagion," 

38  ;   proving  a  negative,  38,  83 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


Arnold  (W.  H.),  author  of  "  The  Devil's  Bridge,'' 

&c.,  126,  166 

44  Art  of  Conversation,"  its  author  wanted,  267 
"  As  dead  as  a  doornail,"  its  origin,  266,  303,  304 
Astertion  flowers — nasturtium,  267,  302 
4  Atheist's  Tragedy,'  by  Tourneur,  its  date,  228 
Aubrey  (Rev.  Thomas),  Rector  of  Brobury,  his 

grave,  290 

Auchmutz  (Robert),  American  loyalist,  his  tomb- 
stone, 236 
Audlem  near  Nantwich,  connected  with  Aldelima, 

157 

Augury  from  magpies  in  Shakespeare,  5,  116 
Australian  memorial    inscriptions :     St.  James's 

Church,  Sydney,  174 
Austrian  money  from  London  Mint  for  Abyssinia, 

12 
Aviation,    project,  in    1835,   58,   107;     prophetic 

verses  in  eighteenth  century,   64 
Aylesford,  Countless  Stones,  bibliography  wanted, 

318 


Badulla,  Ceylon,  tombstone  at,  37,  78,  167 

Bagnal  family,  its  history,  176 

Baillie     (Dr.     George     Robertson),     information 

wanted,  151 
Baillie     (Thomas),    particulars    wanted     of    four 

persons  of  that  name,  293 

41  Bambino,"  wax  figure,  information  wanted,  207 
Bank  note  slang,  309 
Bank  of  England,  its  nickname,  238 
Bannister  (Anthony),  his  statue,  at  Hull,  147 
Bannister  family  of  Antigua,  information  wanted, 

152 
'  Baptiste  Mantuani  Carmelite,'  poems,  particulars 

of  editions,  12 

Baring  family,  memorial  at  Exeter,  89 
Barnard,  Col",  1778,  painted  by  Romney,  particu- 
lars wanted,  238 
Barnard  (Dudley)  or  Bernard,  information  wanted, 

68 
Barnard  or  Bernard  family,  information  wanted, 

68,  182 

Barr  family  arms,  information  wanted,  153' 
Barroon  as  street  name,  information  wanted,  317 
Barth,  place-name,  its  reference,  238,  279 
Bartlett  (Rev.  W.),  Rector  of  Newark,  125 
Bat,  figure  of.  as  door-knocker,  explained,  149 
Batchelor  (John),  his  statue  at  Cardiff,  146 
Bats  entangled  in  hair,  210 
Baxter  (Richard),  his  family,  66,  130 
"  Bayninge,"  obsolete  name  of  bird,  125 
Beaconsfield  (Benjamin  Disraeli,  Earl  of),  alleged 
pension  to  Martin  Tupper,  11 ;  birthplace,  204, 
328;    description    of  Gladstone  ,  1 1 ;    educated 
at  Walthamstow,  287  ;   statue  at  Bolton,  312 
Bedford  House,  Bloomsbury,  particulars  of  sale 

in  1800, 148 
Bell  'John),  of  Scarborough,  information  required, 

291 
Bell   Tavern,   Broad   Street,   Bristol,   particulars 

wanted,  295 
Bells,  Hampshire  church,  and  their  founders,  44, 

109,  304 
Benedict     XII.,    Pope,     statement     about     him 

questioned,  266,  305 
Berkshire  tombstone  inscriptions,  182 
Bernard  (Dudley)  or  Barnard,  information  sought 


Bertram  de  Bourne,'  ballad,  information  wante< 

318 

3ewdley  apprentices  and  Mothering  Sunday,  6; 
'  Biajer  "  sea-gipsies,  24 
Bibliographical    Society    of    Ireland,    inauguri 

meeting  and  objects,  111 

Bibliography : — 

Ackermann   (A.  S.  E.),   'Popular  Fallacies 

210 

'  Boyle  (Capt.  Robert),  Vovages of,'  29 

Briefs,  church,  294,  331 

Byron     (George     Gordon,     6tb     Lord),     h 

Apocryphal  writings,  1 13,  143 
Byron  as  a  character  in  fiction,  80 
Byron's  '  Don  Juan,'  cantos  17  and  18,  17 

240 

Campbell  (Sir  Gilbert),  his  poems,  238 
Caractacus,  works  on,  237,  275 
Cistercian  Order,  320 
'  Countless  Stones,'  Aylesford,  318 
Crusaders,  MS.  list,  236 
de  Mandeville  (Bernard),  editions,  210 
'  De  Sanctis  '  the  Anglo-French  version,  28 
Druids,  works  on  the,  237,  275 
Du     Maurier     (George),     kev     to     his  nov 

'Trilby,'  151,  245 
Diirer's  engraved  works,  231 
Epitaphs,  68,  129.  161,  192,  218,  274 
Hamilton  (Walter),    F.R.G.S.,    his  article 

318 

Henricus  de  Hoyta,  265,  298 
Henricus    Hembuch    de    Hassia    dictus    < 

Langenstein,  265,  298 
Immurement  (mediaeval),  320 
Irish  county  and  town  histories,  147 
Knox's  '  spirit  of  despotism,'  176 
London  Feace  Celebrations,  175,  213,  315 
Mam    (David    M.)»    writer    on    the    Engli 

sonnet.  236 

Mortars,  domestic  and  others,  250,  277 
Isew  Shakspere  Society  publications.  162 
Norfolk  MSS.,  182,  217 
Plane  trees,  205 
'  Popular  Fallacies,'  by  A.  S.  E.  Ackerman 

210 
Prudentius's    '  Psychomachia,'    translation 

14,  75 

Richard  I's  captivity,  books  on,  77 
Roberts  (Morley),  key  to  his  novel,  '  Life 

Henry  Maitland,'  151,  269 
Robertson  (John),  pseudonymous  poet,  49 
Royal  Bengal,  Madras  or  Bombay  Artillei 

bibliography  of  works  by  officers  hi  the,  1 

Lt.-Col.  J.  H.  Leslie  and  Lt.-Col.  D.  Smit 

27 

Scientific  MSS.,  mediaeval,  206 
Scott's  '  Quentin  Durward,'  268,  306 
Souls  exchanged  in  fiction,  124,  191,  246,  21 

306,  334 
Southey     (R.),     contributions     to     '  Critit 

Review,'  187 
Stained  glass,  old,  70 

'  Struwwelpeter,'  English  translations,  68 
'  Swiss  Family  Robinson,'  1st  Eng.  editic 

320 

Temple -Bar,  iconography,  253 
Thackeray     (Wm.    M.),     '  The     Newcome 

key  to,  14,  77 

Thames  tunnels,  181,  297,  298 
Wheatley  (James),  Methodist  cobbler,  267 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


339 


'•Bigamy    and    divorce,    attitude    of    Mr.    Justice 

Maule,  64,  129 
Billheads    and    cards    of    tradesmen,    particulars 

wanted,  317 
'Billingsley  (John),    letter   to    Richard  Edwards, 

1673,  34  ;   note  on,  34 
Bird-names,  two  obsolete,  125 
''Birds  in  captivity  poisoned  by  others,  210,  273 
"Bird-scarers'  songs,  98,  160,  246 
'Birth,  place-name,  its  reference,  238,  279 
'Bishops  of  Church  of  England  in  America,  list 

wanted,  264 
'Bishops,    three    in    fifteenth    century,    107,    161, 

273 
'Blackman  family  of  Sussex,  information  wanted, 

181 
'Blacksmith,    the    Village,'    original    shop,    211, 

248,  299 
Blackwell    Hall    Factor,    explanation    of    term, 

266,  306 

"Blades  family  of  <  'overdale  and  Wensleydale,  40 
Blake  (Robert),  scholar  at  Westminster  School, 

41.81 

Blackstone  the  Regicide,  particulars  wanted.  291 
"*'  Blankett  "  obsolete  bird-name,  125 
Blue  eye  and  Ancient  Order  of  Foresters,  22 
Blupcoat  Schools,  list  of,  126,  158,  159,  218,  302, 

332 
"  Blues.    The    Derby,"     1745,    volunteer    corps, 

138 

Boase  (Rev.  Charles  William),  88,  95 
Boase  (Frederic),  biographer,  88,  95,  161 
Boase    (George    Clement),    biographer,    88,    95, 

161 

"  Boche,"  its  etymology,  182 
Bolton,  co.  Lanes.,  memorial  cross  there,  312 
Bonaparte    (Lucien),    his    captivity    at    Ludlow, 

236,  300 

Bond  family,  bell-founders,  45 
*  Bonfire  night,'  doggerel  lines,  318 
"  Bontefeu,"  meaning  of  word,  66,  108 


iSooks  recently  published: — 

Ashdown  (Charles  Henry),  F.R.G.S.,  History 

of  the  Worshipful  Company  of  Glaziers  of 

of  the  City  of  London,  251 
Boswell's  (James)  Life  of  Samuel  Johnson, 

selections   from,    chosen,    &c.,    by   R.    W. 

Chapman,  196 
Bradley's  (Henry)  Oxford  English  Dictionary : 

Stratus— Styx,  334 
Bradley  (Henry),  Spoken  and  written  English, 

307 
Brougham's   (Eleanor  M.),   Corn   from    Olde 

Fieldes  :    an  Anthology  of  English  Poems 

from  the   Fourteenth   to   the  Seventeenth 

Century,  167 
Cambridge,  A  Concise  Guide  to  the  Town  and 

University  of,  by  J.  Willis  Clark,  6th  edn., 

307 
Chapman  (R.  W.),  editor.      Selections  from 

Boswell's  Life  of  Samuel  Johnson,  196 
Child,  The   Natural  History  of  the,   by  Dr. 

Courtenay  Dunn,  280 
Clark  (John  Willis),  M.A.,  A  Concise  Guide  to 

the   Town   and   University  of  Cambridge, 

6th  edn.,  307 
Corn  from   Olde  Fieldes  :    an  Anthology  of 

English  Poems  from  the  Fourteenth  to  the 

Seventeenth     Century,     by     Eleanor     M,. 

Brougham,  167 


Books  recently  published  :— 

Crisp  (Frederick  H.)  (editor),  Visitation  of 
England  and  Wales,  XIX.,  139  ;  Visitation 
of  Ireland,  VI.,  139 

Dames  (M-  Longworth),  translator,  &c.,  Book 
of  Duarte  Barbosa,  195 

Duarte  Barbosa,  Book  of,  trans.,  &c.,  by  M. 
Longworth  Dames,  195 

Dunn  (Dr.  Courtenay),  The  Natural  History 
of  the  Child,  280 

Fielding  (Henry),  The  Tragedy  of  Tragedies 
or,  The  Life  and  Death  of  Tom  Thumb  the 
Great,  54 

Foundling,  "  The  Child  She  Bare,"  280 

Genealogist  (The),  New  Series,  Vol.  XXXIV., 
84 

Glaziers  of  the  City  of  London,  History  of  the 
Worshipful  Company,  by  C.  H.  Ashdown, 
F.R.G.S.,  250 

Hayden  (Arthur),  Chats  on  Royal  Copenhagen 
Porcelain,  84 

Hillhouse  (James  T.),  editor.  The  Tragedy 
of  Tragedies,  by  Henry  Fielding,  54 

Indexes  of  Irish  Wills,  Vol.  IV.,  Dromore, 
Newry  and  Mourne ;  ed.  by  Gertrude 
Thrift,  110 

L'Interme'diaire  des  chercheurs  et  curieux, 
335 

Jebb  (Sir  Richard  C.),  Milton  :  Areopagitica, 
251 

Johnson,  The  Story  of  Doctor  :  an  Introduc- 
tion to  Boswell's  Life,  by  S.  C.  Roberts,  167 

Journal  of  the  Folk-Song  Society,  No.  21 
(Vol.  VI.,  Pt.  1),  139 

I^atin  Epigraphy :  an  Introduction  to  the 
Study  of  Latin  Inscriptions,  by  Sir  J.  E. 
Sandys,  280 

Leslie  (Lt.-Col.  John  H.),  R.A.  (retired  list) 
and  Smith  (Lt.-Col.  D.),  R.A.,  A  Biblio- 
graphy of  Works  by  Officers,  Non-Com- 
missioned  Officers  and  Men  who  have  ever 
served  in  the  Royal  Bengal,  Madras  or 
Bombay  Artillery  i  Parts  VI.  and  VII., 
Gascoigne — Jacob,  27 

Markham  (Sir  Clements  R.),  trans,  and  ed., 
War  of  Chupas,  195 

Milton  :  Areopagitica  :  with  a  Commentary 
by  Sir  Richard  C.  Jebb,  251 

Onions's  (C.  T.),  Oxford  English  Dictionary  : 
Sweep — Szmikite,  334 

Oxford  Almanack  for  the  Year  of  our  Lord 
God  MDCCCCXIX.,  84 

Oxford  English  Dictionary  :  Stratus — Styx, 
by  H.  Bradley,  334  ;  Sweep — Szmikite,  by 
C.  T.  Onions,  334 

Quiller-Couch  (Sir  Arthur),  Shakespeare's 
Workmanship,  27 

Roberts  (S.  C.),  The  Story  of  Doctor  John- 
son :  an  Introduction  to  Boswell's  Life,  167 

Royds  (Thomas  Fletcher),  The  Beasts,  Birds 
and  Bees  of  Virgil :  a  Naturalist's  Hand- 
book to  the  Georgics ;  Virgil  and  Isaiah  : 
a  Study  of  the  '  Pollio,'  with  Translations, 
Notes  and  Appendices,  111 

Sandys  (Sir  J.  E.),  Latin  Epigraphy :  an 
Introduction  to  the  Study  of  Latin  Inscrip- 
tions, 280 

Shakespeare's  Workmanship,  by  Sir  A. 
Quiller-Couch,  27 

Smith  (Lt.-Col.  D.),  R.A.,  see  Leslie  (Lt.-Col. 
John  H.). 


340 


SUJbJJJJAJT    IJNJLUiiA. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


Books  recently  published: — 

Smith  (David  Nichol),  Characters  from  the 

Histories  and  Memoirs  of  the  Seventeenth 

Century,  83 
Spoken    and    Written    English,    by    Henry 

Bradley,  307 
Thrift   (Gertrude)   (editor)   Indexes  to   Irish 

Wills,  Vol.  IV.,  110 
Toynbie  (Paget),  D.Litt.  :  Supplement  to  the 

Letters  of  Horace  Walpole,  2  vols.,  223 
Tragedy   of    Tragedies ;     or,    The    Life    and 

Death  of  Tom  Thumb  the  Great,  by  Henry 

Fielding.     Ed.  by  James  T.  Hillhouse,  54 
Visitation  of  England  and  Wales,  Vol.  XIX., 

ed.  Frederick  A.  Crisp,  139 
Visitation  of  Ireland,  Vol.  VI.,  ed.  Frederick 

A.  Crisp,  139 
Walpole  (Horace),  Supplement  to  the  Letters 

of,  arranged  by  Paget  Toynbee,   D.Litt., 

2  vols.,  223 
War  of  Chupas  ;    trans,  and  edited  by  Sir 

Clements  R.  Markham,  195 

Booksellers'    Catalogues,   28,    56,    111,    140,    168, 

196,  224,  252,  307,  335 
Borough  Courts  :    "  Jur  de  la  vile,"  39 
Borrow  (George),  identification  of  his  localities, 

165:   memoranda  for  a  book  on  Cornwall,  237 ; 

mention  of  Lieut.  Parry,  95,  333 
Boswell  (James),  an  error  in  his  Life  of  Johnson, 

176 
Boulogne,  registers  of  English  births,  marriages 

and  deaths  there,  181 ;   statue  to  Jenner,  288 
Boumphrey  family  of  Manchester  and  Liverpool, 

67,  138 

Boutell's  (Rev.  Chas.)  printing  catalogue  of  paint- 
ing and  sculpture,  173 
Bow-Bridge,  Old,  and  Pyrgo  Park,  229 
Bowshot,  the  longest,  180,  220,  278 
Boyer  family,  particulars  wanted,  294 
Boyle    (Capt.    Robert),    privateer,    book    of    his 

voyages,  294, 329 
Boys  born  in  May  cruel  to  parents,  Chinese  belief, 

25 

Brady  (Patrick),  particulars  of  family  wan  ted,  291 
Bran  (George),  Bishop  of  Dromore,  107,  161,  273 
Brasses  (monumental)  at  East  Hatley,  co.  Cam- 
bridge, 260 

Brassey,  or  Bracey,  family,  its  history,  302 
Bransford,  Worcestershire,  mills  at,  149 
Bredwardine  incumbents  and  patrons,  200 
Breslau   churches,   eighteenth   century   collection 

for,  18  J 

Brewing  rimes,  examples,  209 
Briefs,  church,  books  about,  294,  331 
Bristol,  name  of  hotel  in  Calcutta,  25 
Bristol,  particulars  of  Bell  Tavern,  Broad  Street, 

wanted,  295 

Bristol  wills,  old,  c.  1500,  missing,  122 
Brobury  incumbents  and  patrons,  200 
Bronte  (Patrick  Bran  well),  his  poem,  '  Juan 

Fernandez,'  177 

Brown  (Alexander  A.), memorial  at  Daventry,  146 
Brown  family  of  Brown's  Bay,  near  Larne,  98 
Brown  (Joseph)  of  Sunderland,  particulars  of,  54 
Brown  (Thomas)  (1663-1704),  confused  with  Sir 

Thomas  Browne,  6,  110 

Browne    (Sir    Thomas)    see    Brown    (Thomas) 
"  Buffaloes,     Royal     Antediluvian     Order     of," 

particulars  of,  237,*,276 


Bugden   (Edmund),  letter  to   Richard  Edwards 

118 
Bullivant  (Samuel),  letter  to  Richard  Edwards 

33,  117 

"  Bully,"  in  Coleridge,  69 

Bulteel  family,  evidence  of  marriages  wanted,  31i 
Bunnett  (Henry),  artist,  information  wanted,  66 
Burial  at  sea,  four  gun  salute  for  an  officei 

38,  106 

Burial  of  heart,  an  example  in  Palestine,  134 
Burials  :   see  also  Internments 
Burns  (Robert),  his  song,  '  The  Poor  Thresher, 

66,  108 
Burrell      (William),      centenarian,      informatio] 

wanted,  12 

Burt  (Albin  R.),  miniature  painter,  167 
"  Burton    (Richard)",    pseudonym    of    Nathanie 

Crouch,  75 

Byron  (John),  author  of  'Three  Black  Crows,'  16( 
Byron  (George  Gordon,  6th  Lord),  Apocrypha 

writings,  113,  143;    bust  at  Oxford,   122,  163 

'  Don   Juan,'  cantos  17  and  18,  179,  240;    as  t 

character  in   fiction,  80 ;   lines  on  a  statue  ii 

Fleet  Street,  40,  82,  107 


Calais,  Dessin's  Hotel,  its  history,  20, 21,  51 ;  Louis 

XVIII.  monument,  288 

Calendar!,  lake  near  Thusis,  its  position,  13,  51 
Campbell  (Sir  Gilbert),  title  of  his  poems  wanted 

238 

Cambrai  mentioned  in  1577,  26 
Cambridge  University,  list  of  alumni,  66 
"  Camouflage,"  occurrence  in  American  telegram, 

42,  79  ;   its  origin,  108,  136 
Cantrell  family,  particulars  wanted, 291,  332 ;  Irish 

branch,  information  wanted,  68 
Captor  and  his  captive's  arms,  instance,  26,  133 
Caractacus,  works  on  his  life,  237,  275 
Carlyle  (Thomas),  his  supposed  work.  '  Cobden  : 

a  Bagman,  with  a  Calico  Millennium,'  291 ;  on 

studying  astronomy,  150 
Carew    tournament,    information    wanted    about 

persons  present,  152 
Carrique  (John),  evidence  of  his  marriage  wanted, 

316 
Cartwright  family,  connected  with  Labrador  and 

Newfoundland,  information  wanted,  97 
Cassell  (Miss),  her  memorial  at  Kew,  146 
Cat,  lines  on  the  Puritan  hanging  his,  232 
Catalogue  of  painting  and  sculpture,  punning,  173 
"  Cellarius,"  a  dance,  information  wanted,  319 
Chadwick  (Samuel  Taylor),  statue  at  Bolton,  312 
Challoner,  Bishop,  his  father    Richard  Challonei 

235 

Challoner  (Richard),  235 

Chaloner  family  of  Sussex,  pedigree  wanted,  235 
Chapman  family  of  Ormsley,  details  wanted,  40 
Charles  I.  farthing  found,  195 
Charles  I.'s  journey  from  Oxford  to  Southwell, 

182, 326 

Charter,  a  Gloucester,  of  Henry  I.,  16,  72,  101 
Cheshire,  old  custom  of  "  Thwertnic  "  or  "  Thiert- 

nie,"  93 

Chess,  the  Knight's  tour,  92,  136,  326 
Chesterfield  Letters,  publication  of  new,  154,  215 
Cheveley     (John),    marine    painter,     particulars 

wanted,  68 

Chinese  anticipation  of  submarines,  131 
Christian  fathers,  English  translations  of,  295,  330 


Notes  and  tQueries,'  Jan. ,  1920. 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


341 


ChristianNam.es:  — 

Early  occurrence  of  double,  289 

Hervey,  95,  167,  189,  246,  306 

Ismenia,  25 

Ladysmith  Shamrock,  206 

Louisa  spelt  Leweezer,  237,  276 

Lueazer,  276 

Richenda,  237,  324  '    . 

Sol,  a  woman's  name,  21 

Thistle  Dijon,  206 

Christmas  carol,  "  To-morrow  shall  be  my  dancing 

day,"  origin  wanted,  320 
'Christmas    lines    spoken    by    Sheffield    children, 

'46,  82 
•Church    bells,    Hampshire,    their    founders,    44, 

109,  304 

Church  briefs,  looks  about,  294,  331 
Church    of    England    bishops    in    America,    list 

wanted,  264 
Church  of  England  marriage  service,  Sir  W.  Scott's 

satire  on,  208,  242,  278 
Church  plate,  crest  on,  50 
Churches  used  for  the  election  of  municipal  officers, 

127,  162 
•Cistercian  order  in  England,  bibliography  wanted, 

320 

Clap^un  as  street  name,  information  wanted,  317 
Clarke  (Mary),  of  New  York,  particulars  of,  236, 

278 
•"  Clarte"  est  la   bonne   foi   des   philosophes,"  39, 

105,  135 

Classical  parallelisms  to  the  war,  57,  189 
•Clay  balls  as  Christmas  collecting  boxes,  39,  79, 
•Clements  family,  information  wanted,  126 
Clenock  (Rev.  Dr.),  Rector  of  English  Catholic 

College,  Rome,  124,  161 
Clerke   (Edmund),   clerk  of  the  Privy   Seal,  his 

history,  12,  83 

Clifton  family  of  Clifton,  Notts,  98 
Clitheroe  marriage  registers,  duplicate  entries  in, 

198 

Clock-  and  watch-makers,  153,  237,  241,  305 
-Clover  (Joseph),  of  Norwich,  and  his  son,  particu- 
lars wanted,  11 
*  Cobden  :  a  Bagman,  with  a  Calico  Millennium,' 

particulars  wanted,  291 
Cock  as  French  national  emblem,  94,  131 
•Cockle  (James),  patentee  of  the  anti-bilious  pills, 

particulars  of,  154,  190 
Cogan  (Eliezer),  Walthamstow  schoolmaster,  his 

history,  286 

^Coins :  — 

Ancient  British,  collected,  121 
Ancient  Irish  gold,  301 
Farthing  of  Charles  I.,  195 
Sestertius  of  Vespasian,  301 

Colby  (Sir  Thomas),  his  kinsmen,  180 
Coleridge  (S.  T.)  on  '  Bully,'  69  ;  immortality,  39 
Collecting  boxes,  Christmas,  clay  balls  as,  39,  79 
Collingwood  (Alexander),  information  wanted  of 

his  wife's  parentage,  320 
Collins  (Mr.  and  Mrs.  G.  D.),  memorial  at  Wisbech, 

146 
Colville  (John,  7th  Lord),  precise  date  of  death 

wanted,  293 

Concannon  family,  details  wanted,  265 
*'  Conduitt,     the     beautiful    Mrs.",     information 

wanted,  321 


"  Congewoi,"  meaning  of  term  wanted,  264 
Considine  (Capt.  Wm.),  69th  regiment,  memorial 

at  Chester,  261 
Constant  Reformation,  flagship,  1651,  its  chaplain, 

Constellations,  knowledge  of,  Carlyle  on,  150 

Convex  and  conic  lights,  c.  1700,  125 

Cook  (Captain),  discoverer,  his  statue  in  Sydney, 

Cooke  (Charles),  bookseller,  his  history,  210 
Cooper  (Samuel),  painter,  an  ancestor  of  Whist- 
ler (?),  70 
Coorg  State :  strange  tale  of  Princess  Gouramma, 

264,  296 
Cope    (William),    died    1715,   place   of   education 

wanted,  294 

Cornish  biographers  and  bibliographers,  88 
Cornwall,  Sorrow's  notes  for  his  proposed  book 

on,  237 

Corpse  visited  by  the  released  soul,  205 
Correspondents,  notices  to,  28,  56,  84,  112,  140, 

168,  196,  224,  252,  280,  308,  336 
Cotesmore    (Thomas),   priest,   sixteenth   century, 

particulars  wanted,  292,  334 
Coulson  (Col.  W.  L.  Blenkinsopp),  memorial  to, 

at  Newcastle-on-Tyne,  145 
Countless  Stones,  Ay lesford,  bibliography  wanted, 

olo 

Court  of  St.  James,  first  use  of  term  in  diplomacy, 

265, 324 

Courtney  (Wm.  Prideaux),  biographer,  88 
Cowap  surname,  its  etymology,  206,  247,  272 
Cowper  (W.),  his  '  Sephus,'  258 
Cragg  family,  arms  of,  130 

Craggs  family  related  to  Nicholson  family,  21, 130 
Cramahe"  (Hector  Theophilus),  supposed  husband 

of  Margaret  Hamilton,  289,  327 
Creighton  (Bishop)  on  history,  66 
"  Crest,"  measure  for  crest-cloth,  69 
Crest  on  church  plate,  50 
Crest-cloth,  measurement  of,  69 
'  Critical  Review,'  Southey's  contributions  to,  187 
Cromwell  (Oliver),  ensign,  1727,  his  history,  292, 

331 
Cromwell  (Mrs.  Susan),  last  of  Oliver  Cromwell's 

descendants,  232,  277 
Crosier,  when  carried  by  the  Pope,  24 
Cross  (James  Kynaston),  M.P.,  bust  at  Bolton, 

313 

Cross,  the  sign  of  the,  its  use,  236 
Crouch     (Nathaniel),   his   pseudonym     '  Richard 

Burton,'  95 

Crow- fig,  old  name  for  nux  vomica,  14 
Crown  of  Edward  the  Confessor  represented  in  a 

tapestry,  232 

Crucifix,  lines  under  a,  origin,  19,  135 
Crusade  (Third),  list  of  recruits  to,  236 
Crusaders  with   Bishops  Peter   de    Rupibus  and 

William  Briwer,  list  wanted,  293 


Daggle  Mop,  places  where  term  used  wanted,  293 
Dale  (John),  successor  to  John  Durston,  276 
Dalley  (Rt.  Hon.  William  Bede),  P.C.,  his  statue 

in  Sydney,  177 
Dance,  "  Cellarius,"  c.  1847,  information  wanted, 

319 
Dance  tunes,  old,  in  Salisbury  Cathedral  library, 

85 

Dante,  article  of  Gladstone  on,  122 
Danvers  family,  information  wanted,  320 


342 


SUBJECT   INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


Daudet's  '  Jack,'  illustrated  by  Myrbach,  notes 

on,  150,  219 

"  Dayerdy,"  meaning  of  word,  11,  166 
David,  '  Episcopus  Becreensis,'  1315,  origin  of  his 

title  wanted,  238,  326 
Dawson  (Robert),  Bishop  of  Clonfert,  his  family, 

188 
"  Deacon   in   love,"   meaning  of  term,   42,    104, 

159,  219 

Deering  (George),  information  wanted,  319 
Defoe  (Daniel),  connection  with  Alexander  Selkirk 

177 

Dehany  family,  268,  330 
de  Mandeville  (Bernard),  editions  of  his  works, 

210 
De  Miners  family,  its  history,  170  ;    see  also  16, 

72, 101 

Denis  (Sir  Peter),  his  history,  206,  242 
Dennis  (Edward)  the  hangman,  his  fate,  235 
"  Derby  Blues,"  history  of  the  corps,  97,  138 
Derby  race  of  1811,  reference  wanted,  124 
Desaguliers     (Rev.     John     Theophilus),     D.C.L., 

F.R.S.,  particulars  of  marriage  wanted,  318 
"  De  Sanctis,"  the  Anglo-French  version,  281 
Dessin's  Hotel,  Calais,  its  history,  20,  51 
Devey  family,  information  wanted,  95 
Devils  blowing  horns  and  trumpets,  48,  186 
Devonshire  House,  an  old  river  bed  behind  it,  288 
Dickens's  (Charles)   error    in    '  Barnaby  Rudge,' 
about  Dennis  the  hangman,  235  ;   his  careless- 
ness about  the   use   of  cheques,   136,  187 ;     a 
peculiarity  of  his  style,  164;  topographical  slips 
in  '  Our  Mutual  Friend,'  37  ;    in  '  Tale  of  Two 
Cities,'fcl36,  187,  222  ;   in  '  David  Copperfield,' 
164  ;   in'  Sketches  by  Boz,'  250 
Dickson  (Janet),  wife  of  John  Home  of  Foulshot- 

law,  10 

Dillon  (Chevalier  Peter),  his  history,  206,  271 
"  Dinkum  Shop,"  meaning  of  phrase,  7,  79 
"  Dish  "  in  Latin,  its  gender,  266,  300 
Divorce   and    bigamy,    attitude    of  Mr.    Justice 

Maule,  61,  129 

Divorce,  list  of  cases  wanted,  1755-1765,  207 
Dobson    (Lt.-Col.    Sir    Benjamin    A.),    statue    at 

Bolton,  312 

Docwra  family,  its  history,  260 
Dodd  the  forger,  Wills's  play  about,  124 
Dorrian  (James),  M.D.,  statue  at  Bolton,  313 
"  Double  Falsehood,"  play,  its  disputed  author- 
ship, 30,  60,  86 

"  Down  "  and  "  up  "  often  misused,  262 
"  Dress-maker's  twist,"  "  mantle-maker's  twist," 

75 

"  Drofsilver  "  and  "  drof court,"  in  fifteenth  cen- 
tury, 313 

Dromore,  its  fifteenth  century  bishops,  107,  161 
Druids,  works  about  them  wanted,  237,  275 
Dublin,  tolls  levied  at  Metal-bridge,  159 
DufEus  family  of  Kingston,  Jamaica,  207 
Dugdale  Society  proposed  to  publish  Warwick- 
shire records,  223 

Du  Maurier  (G.),  key  to  'Trilby,'  151,  245 
Duncombe's  (Sir  Sanders)  powder,  41 
Dundas  and  Pitt,  drinking  at  New  Cross,   151, 

1  t/O 

Diirer's  joke  about  Wilibald  Pirkheimer,  231 
Durrow  Castle,  near  Tullamore,  its  history,  180 
Durston  (John),  prebend  of  Bursalis,  in  Chichester 

Cathedral,  276 

Dutton  (Mrs.  Anne),  her  history  and  bible,  247 
Dyer  (George),  his  portrait  and  autobiography, 


East  Anglian  characters  and  characteristics  in 

rime,  1785,  178,  246 
East  Hatley,  co.  Cambridge,  monumental  brass* 

260 
East  India  Company,   directors,  names  of,   ar 

Charles  Lamb's  '  The  Superannuated  Man,'  2! 
Edgell  family  related  to  Moore  family  of  Eghai 

284 
Edward  the  Confessor's  Crown,  representation 

a  tapestry,  238,  327 
Edward  III.,  his  oath  of  fealty  for  Guienne, 

106 

Edward  VII.,  memorial  bust  at  Bolton,  313 
Edwards  (Richard),  correspondence  of,  1669—7 

33,  117 
Egioke  family  of  Egioke,  co.  Worcester,  its  fal 

information  wanted,  14 
Elections  of  municipal  officers,  churches  used  fc 

162 
Elephant,  its  relation  to  name  Oliphant,  238,  30 

334 
Elizabeth  (Queen)  and  Sir  Walter  Raleigh  at  San< 

gate,  98,  273 
Elliston  (Robert  William),  his  epitaph,  63,  13£ 

place  of  education,  135,  193,  216,  250 
Elmes  family,  whereabouts  of  MS.  wanted,  320 
Elsinore,  Denmark,  etymology  of  name,  8 
Emerson     (Ralph     Waldo),     elucidation    of    h 

'  English  Traits,'  234,  275,  302,  327 
English  Army  list  of  1740,  270 
English  at  Boulogne,  records  of  births,  marriagi 

and  deaths,  181 
Epigram  :    "A  little  garden  little  Jowett  made 

its  authorship,  288 
Epictetus,    translation    of   lines    ascribed   to,    i 

Johnson's  'Anthologia  Graeca,'  10,  49 
"  Episcopus  Recreensis,"  origin  of  title  wante* 

Epitaphs : — 

American  soldiers  (War,  1914-18),  36 

Aubrey  (Rev.  Thomas),  290 

Badulla,  Ceylon,  37,  78,  167 

Berkshire,  182 

Bibliography  of,  68,  129,  161,  192,  218,  274! 

Boulogne,  Protestant  cemetery,  181 

Curious  Christian  (Rome),  314 

Exeter  Cathedral,  152,  241,  273 

Shallcross  (Philip),  animal  lover,  290 

"  Si  quis  forte  rogat,"  94 

Slaves,  26,  81 

Superphosphate,  its  introducer,  289 

Sylke  (William),  c.  1485,  152,  241 

Wilson  (Mrs.  Sophia),  in  Ceylon,  37 

Error,  an  example  of  persistent,  315 

Essex  Hall,  Walthamstow,  its  history,  286 

"  Est  melius    nun  quam ....,"    interpretation    < 

reference  wanted,  317 
Etchings  by  T.  Parker,  1838,  183,  241 
Euler's  prediction  of  the  end  of  the  world,  referen< 

wanted,  42 
Exchange  of  souls  in  fiction,  124, 191, 246, 279, 30( 

333 
Executions    of    Cornish    and    Devonian    priest! 

1548-9,  96,  131,  183,  243,  332 
"  Eyewash,"  war  slang,  19 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


343 


liable  of  countryman  and  field,  67 

Factor,  Blackwell  Hall,  explanation  of  term,  266, 

'    306 

4  Fair  Mile,'  prehistoric  road,  information  wanted, 

318 

"Farewel  Folly'  and  'The  Amorous  Miser,'  310 
Feast  of  the  Assumption,  called  "  Lady  Day  in 

harvest,"  236 

'  Feather-necks,'  explanation  of  term  wanted,  42 
"  Fed  up,"  occurrence  in  Boer  War,  79,  159 
Fell  (Dr.),  schoolboys'  rime  about,  315 
Fenner  family,  its  history,  181,  274 
Field-names  in  Hampshire,  their  meanings,  208, 

328 

Fielding  (Henry),  as  a  publicist,  283  ;    Gibbon's 
prophecy  about  '  Tom  Jones,'  268,  303,  327   at- 
Fielding  (J.  T.),  J.P.,  statue  at  Bolton,  313 
Fielding  (Miss  Sarah)  at  Yew -Cottage,  Widcombe, 

182 

Finger-rings  as  merchant's  emblems,  22 
Finkle  Street,  meaning  of  name,  69,  109,  219 
Firebrand  fire-ship,  its  burning,  317 
Fishyard,  meaning  of  the  term,  181,  216 
Flag,  Greek,  its  origin  and  history,  174 
Flamsteed  (John),  letter  of,  64 
Flanders,  changes  in  the  shield  of,  238,  323 
Fleet  Prison  Records,  whereabouts  wanted,  266 
Fleete  (William)  of  Selsworthy,  Wykehamist,  74 
;Fletcher's  reputed  authorship  of  "  Double  False- 
hood," 30,  60,  86 
.Fletcher  (John  William),  friend  of  the  Wesleys, 

particulars  wanted,  293 

Fletcher  of  Madeley's  connexion  with  Bangor,  in- 
formation wanted,  320 
Flowers  on  graves,  origin  of  custom  of  planting, 

15,  166 

"  Flummery,"  meaning  of,  149,  192 
JFoch  (Ferdinand),  French  Marshal,  his  patronymic, 
203 

Tolk-lore  :— 

Boys  born  in  May  cruel,  25 

Corpse  visited  by  the  soul,  205 

Hair  cut  to  prevent  head-  or  stomach-ache, 

138 

:Hedgehogs,  sucking  milk,  105,  160,304  ;   col- 
lecting fruit,  304 
!Magpie  as  bird  of  omen,  5,  116 
.Missel-thrush  and  mistletoe,  98,  132,  165 
.Mowing  followed  by  rain,  41,  81,  106 
Red  hair,  194,  218 

Footpaths,  submerged,  information  wanted,  70 
Ford  (William  Simpson),  publisher,  of  Holywell 

street,  facts  about,  125 

Foresters,  Ancient  Order  of,  and  Blue  Eye,  22 
Forgotten  writers-.)  150,  189 
JETorster  family  of  Hanslope,  Bucks,  51 
iFoundlings  entered  in  parish  registers,  40,  71 
Frankfort,     Maison     Rouge,     hotel,    information 

wanted,  321 
Fraser  (James),  Bishop  of    Manchester,  bust    at 

Bolton,  313 

Frazer's  (Sir  J.  G.)  view  of  indentures,  148 
JFremland,  Essex,  its  locality  wanted,  295 
French  national  emblem,  the  cock,  94,  131 


French    Revolution  :      "  Why    don't    they    eat 

cake  ?  "  53,  162 
Fuller,  relation  of  Markshall  with  family  of,  8, 

78,  132 
Fund  for  Preserving  the  Memorials  of  the  Dead  in 

Ireland,  183,  218 
Furniture,  wooden  pegs  displaced  by  screws  in, 

date  wanted,  236 


Gaimar's  '  Estoire  des  Engleis,'  and  the  Anglo-- 
French "  De  Sanctis,"  281 
"  Gamp  "  is  an  adjective,  338 
Garden,   Shakespearian  anthologies  of  the,   153, 

193,  306 

Garnham  family,  information  wanted,  67 
Garrett  (J.  B.  da  S.  L.  de  A.),  Portuguese  poet* 

his  ancestry,  182 
"  Gaspers,"  meaning  of,  159 
Gavelacre,  origin  of  the  place-name,  295,  322 
George  Street,  Portman  Square,  London,  its  rate 

and  parish  books,  209 

Giants  in  England,  list  of  their  names,  267,  329 
Gibbon    (Edward),    his    prophecy    about    "  Tom 

Jones,"  268,  303,  327 

Gipping  Church,  inscriptions  in,  explained,  138 
Gissing  (George),  his  life  depicted  in  the  '  Life  of 

Henry  Maitland,'  151,  269 
Gladstone    (Rt.    Hon.    W.   E.)    on    Dante,    122  ; 

described  by  B.  Disraeli,  11 
Glamorgan      Volunteer      Rangers,      information 

wanted,  67 
Gloucester  Cartulary,  No.  316,  a  spurious  charter, 

261 
Gloucester,  charter  of  Henry  I.   (1127),   16,  72, 

101 

"  Go  to  Exeter,"  important  in  murder  trial,  14 
Goldsmith    (Oliver)   and   Panton   Street   Puppet 

Show,  83 

Goldsworthy  as  a  place-name,  39,  79 
Good  Friday  Pleasure  Fairs,  facts  about,  124,  163 
Gouramma,  princess  of  Coorg,  her  strange  history, 

264,  296 

Graf  ton,  Oxon.,  information  wanted,  320 
"  Gram  "  in  place-names,  its  meaning  wanted,  266 
Grant  (Capt.  B.),  his  history,  238,  298 
Grant  (Col.  Colquhouri),  particulars  of,  54,  250 
Grants  in  '  The  Waterloo  Roll  Call,'  298 
Grasmere    Church,    Wordsworth's    references    in 

'  The  Excursion,'  234 
Graves  belonging  to  other  families,  interment  in, 

121 

Graves,  custom  of  planting  flowers  on,  15,  166 
Gravestones,  with  portraits,  250,  306,  330 
Gravy-pots  called  "  Argyles,"  154,  219,  248,  326 
Greek  national  flag,  its  origin  and  history,  174 
Greek  Anthology,  collections  used  at  Westminster 

and  Eton,  75 

Greek  temperament  discussed  by  Aristotle,  22 
Greencoat  School  at  Colchester,  332  ;  at  Leicester, 

158 
Greenwell  (Thomas),  editor,  particulars  wanted, 

294 
Griffiths  (Ralph),  founder  of  The  Monthly  Bevieic, 

236,  279,  307 
Griffiths  (Richard),  paladin  in  Carew  tournament, 

Grim  or   Grime   in  place-names,   its   etvmologv 
95,  137,  160,  245,  328 


344 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  I02C 


Grooms,  royal,  information  wanted,  294 
Grundy  (Mrs.),  her  history,  233 
Gulliver  and  Lilliput,  origin  of  the  names, 156 
Gunnersbury,     etymology     of    the     place-name 

231 
Gunpowder     Plot,     conspirators     at     Fremland 

Essex,  295 
Guy  (Rev.  Henry),  Chaplain  to  King  Charles  II. 

particulars  of,  124 
41  Gypos,"  war  slang,  its  meaning,  79    , 


H 


Haggatt  (John),  information  wanted,  68 

Hair    cut    to   prevent    head-   or   stomach  -  ache, 

138 

Hair,  long,  as  an  hereditary  trait,  177,  247 
Halley  (Df.  Edmond),  relations  with  John  Flam 

Steed,  64 
Hamilton  (Henry),  supposed  husband  of  Margaret 

Hamilton,  information  wanted,  289 
Hamilton   (Margaret),  her  identity  and  history, 

289    327 
Hamilton  (Walter),  F.R.G.S.,  information  about 

his  writings  wanted,  318 
Hamilton     (William)     of     Liscloony,     particulars 

wanted,  317 
Hampshire  church  bells  and  their  founders,  44, 

109,  304 

Hampshire  field-names,  list  of,  208,  328 
"  Handwriting  "  as  a  surname,  93 
Hard  wick,  crest  of  family  of,  13,  100 
Harrison  (Dr.  Thomas)  of  Bath,  relatives  enquired 

for,  125 
Harvard  University,  Thomas  Shepard,  a  founder 

of,  179 

Harvey  (Francis)  of  Natal,  pamphlets  by,  68 
Haviland  (General  William),  his  history,  278 
Hawkins  (Dr.  William),  particulars  wanted  of  his 

marriage  with  Anne  Walton,  319 
Hawks,  kind  of  fish-trap,  67 
Haynes  (Emma),  evidence  wanted  of  her  marriage 

with  John  Aldred  Twining,  238 
Haynes  (Samuel)  of  Cornhill,  evidence  of  marriage 

wanted,  316 
Hayward's     '  Survey    of    Walden,'     information 

wanted,  94 

Heart  burial,  by  French  in  Palestine,  134 
"  Heater-shaped,'  in  heraldry,  22 
Heath    (Maud),    memorial,    at    Bremhill,    Wilts, 

90 
Heavitree,     co.     Devon,     1553-1653,     record     of 

baptisms,  93 
Hedgehogs  sucking  cow's  milk,    105,    160,   304  ; 

collecting  fallen  fruit,  304 
"  Hedsilver,"    in     fifteenth     century     accounts, 

313 

"  Hell  for  leather,"  origin  of  phrase,  25 
Henchman,     Hinchman     or     Hitchman    family, 

133 
Henderson  (George),  travelling  draper,  memorial 

to,  188 

Hengler  family,  its  history,  76 
Henley-in-Arden,  supposed  seal  of,  96 
Henricus  de  Hassia  :    see  Langenstein 
Henricus  de  Hoyta  :   see  Hoyta 
Henry  I.,  Gloucester  Charter  of,  16,  72,  101 
Henslowe  (P.),  and  Ben  Jon  son,  81 
Hensman  family  of  Northamptonshire,  133  j 


Heraldry: — 

Barr  family  arms,  153 

Captor  and  his  captive's  arms,  26,  133 

Cragg  family  arms,  130 

Flanders,  changes  in  its  shield,  238,  323 

Hard  wick  family  crest,  13,  100 

"  Heater-shaped,"   22 

Hillman  family  arms,  67 

Royal  arms,  suggested  change  in,  1 

Sa.,  a  lion  rampant  betwixt  six  fusils  in  pa 

154 

Sable,  on  a  chevron  argent,  80 
Stags  and  eglantine  in  Elizabethan  times,  1 

99,  100 

Suckling  family  (Norfolk)  crest,  13,  99 
Vair,  crest,  on  a  torse  a  bear's  head  coupe 

293 

Vassall  family  arms,  278 
Woolmer  House,  coat  of  arms,  18u^ 

Heredity  in  long  hair,  177,  247 
Herod  and  St.  Stephen,  song  and  legend  of,  315 
Herodias  and  St.  John  the  Baptist's  head,  67 
Herrick  (Robert),  his  debt  to  Andrew  Willett,  : 
Hervey  and  Hervet,  use  and  etymology. of  nanu 

95,  167,  189,  246,  306 
Heton     (Martin),     Bishop    of    Ely,    informati< 

wanted,  69 

1  Hey,  Diddle-Diddle,'  nursery  rhyme  in  Latin,  3( 
Higham  Hall,  Waltbamstow,  its  history,  287 
Hill  (Joseph),  friend  of  Cowper,  258 
Hillman  family,  information  wanted,  67 
Hinchman,  Henchman  or  Hitchman  family,  13 
'  Hints  to  Freshmen  in  the  University  of  Oxfon 

author  wanted,  290 
Hitchman  (Dr.  John),  memorial  to,  at  Leamir 

ton,  147 

Hitchman,  Henchman  or  Hinchman  family,  13 
Hodges  (Charles  Howard),  engraver,  informatii 

about  his  signatures  wanted,  321 
Holinshed's    '  Chronicles,'    meaning   of   referen 

wanted,  317 
Holly,    its    connection    with   mirth,    informati< 

wanted,  319 

Home,  family  of,  Foulshotlaw,  10 
Honywood  family's  relation  to  Markshall,  78* 
Hooker  (Richard),  a  bust  of,  its  location,  152, 3( 
Hoole  (John),  poet,  his  pedigree,  327 
Hoorde  (William),  Winchester  scholar,  his  histoi 

179,  241 
Hopkins    (Stephen),    priest,    sixteenth    centur 

particulars  wanted,  292 
Hore,  of  Bath,  artist,  work  by,  208 
Horns,  representations  of  devils  blowing,  48,  18 
Horse,  white,  of  Kent,  origin,  25 
"  Horseleperde,"  its  meaning  wanted,  320 
Hotel  Bristol  in  Calcutta,  26 
Houghton  Meeting  at  Newmarket,  origin  of  nam 

154,  260 

Howard  the  philanthropist,  portraits  of,  222 
Howard  (Mr.),  portrait  by  G.  H.  Harlow,  222 
Hoyta  (Henricus  de),  his  '  Tractatus  de  Contra 

tibus,'  265,  298 
Hudson's  Bay  Company,  its  motto,  93,  132,  16 

217,  250 

Huett  tomb,  Millbrook,  206 
Hugh  (Aaron),  innkeeper,  126 
Hugo    (Rev.   Thomas),    collector  of   Bewickiani 

207,  248 

Huntsman  family,  memorial  at  West  Retford,  £ 
Hyde  (Edward),    D.D.,   Royalist  divine,  his  hi 
tory,  69,  104,  105 


l*ot«8  »nd  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


SUBJECT   INDEX. 


345 


Ichwe,  "  Sons  of  Ichwe,"  meaning,  48       "  Jf£  | 

Icke  family,  origin  of  name,  24 

Iconography  of  London  Peace  Celebrations,  175, 

213,  315 

Iconography  of  Temple  Bar,  253 
Ide    (Wm.),    of    Tunbridge    Wells,    clock-maker, 

153 
"If  I  should  die  to-night,"  authorship  debated, 

318 

Immortality,  views  of  S.  T.  Coleridge,  39 
Immurement,  bibliography  wanted  of  mediaeval, 

320 
Incumbents    and    patrons    of    Bredwardine    and 

Brobury,  200 

Incumbents,  indexes  of,  153,  245 
Indentures,  Sir  J.  G.  Frazer's  view, and  the  origin 

of,  148,  211 
"  Index    Ecciesiasticus,    1550-1800  "    of    Joseph 

Foster,  11 
'  In  Flander's  Fields,'  .poema,  particulars  wanted, 

317 

Ingleby  (Edward),  his  descendants  wanted,  40 
Inscriptions  :    on  Berkshire  itombstones,  182  ;    on 

Jenner    statue    at    Boulogne,    288  ;     on    Louis 

XVIII.  monument  at  Calais,  288  ;    in  Maryle- 

bone  Burial  Ground,  .list  wanted,  236  ;    in  St. 

James's  Church,  Sydney,  174  ;   in  St.  John  the 

Evangelist's,  Waterloo  Road,  63,  135,  193,  216  ; 

on  Edna  Lyall's  grave,  wanted,  94  ;    on  tomb- 
stone in  Malvern  Priory,  266,  305 
:Intermentin  other  families'  graves,  121 
lona,  etymology  of  place-name,  40 
Ireland,  an  early  Italian  map  of,  120 
Ireland,    inaugural    meeting    of    Bibliographical 

Society  of,  111 
Irish  counties  and  towns,  bibliography  of  histories 

of,  147  H 

•*  Irrelagh  ;  or,  The  Last  of  the  Chiefs,'  Irish  story, 

authorship  of,  69.,  105,  139 
JEsmenia,  Christian  name,  its  origin,  26 


-Jackson  (Rev.  Jeremiah  and  Mrs.),  memorial  at 

Wisbech,  146 

Jenner  (Edward),  his  statue  at  Boulogne,  288 
Jenner  family,  its  history,  149,  246 
John,  Bishop  of  Philippopolis,  107 
Johnson   (Alderman   George  John),  memorial  at 

Brampton,  Cumberland,  90 
•  Johnson    {Samuel)    confused    with    Ben    Jonson, 

38,  103  ;    '  Anthologia  Graeca,'  epigram  in,  10 
Jonson  (Ben)  and  P.  Henslowe,  81 ;  confused  with 

Dr.  Samuel  Johnson,  38,  103 
Jowett  (Joseph),  authorship  of   the  epigram  on 

him,  288 
-*  Juan   Fernandez,'    poem   by   Patrick   Bramwell 

Bronte,  177 

Judges'  Level,  anecdote  of,  7 
Julius  II.,  Pope,  statement  about  him  questioned, 

266 
'•"Jur  de  la  vile,"  meaning  of,  39 


Keele  (David)  of  Sarum,  clockmaker,  153 
Kellond  surname,  its  origin,  154,  189,  220 
Kent  families  of  Kimberworth  and  Wadworth,  186 
Kent  family  of  Winchester  and  Reading,  62,  106, 

183 

Kettle  (Tilly),  artist,  particulars  of,  154,  189,  221 
Kilmorey,  Earls  of,  their  ancestry,  176 
"  Kimono,"  early  use  of  word,  80 
King  rescued  by  dogs,  subject  of  picture,  infor- 
mation wanted,  317 

'  King's  standing  wood,'  particulars  wanted,  318 
King's  table  cloth,  old  custom  of  laying,  infor- 
mation wanted,  318 

Kinghorn  of  Fireburnmill  near  Coldstream,  K 
'  Kington,  History  of,'  name  of  author  wanted,  42 
Kleinschmidt  ( J.  J.),  engraver,  particulars  wanted, 

295 
Knibb  (Joseph),  clockmaker,  old  clock  by,  123, 

241 

Knight    (Michael),    of    Brighthelmstone,    clock- 
maker,  particulars  wanted,  237 
Knight's  tour  in  chess,  92,  136,  325 
Knocker  of   door  in  form  of  bat,  explanation  of, 

149 

Knox  (Vicesimus),  copies  of  his  '  Spirit  of  Despot- 
ism,' 176 

Kyffin  (Maurice),  '  Blessedness  of  Brytaine,  1587 
written  by,  6 


Labour  is  the  father,  and  Land  is  the  mother  of 
Capital,"  source  of  definition,  154 
Labour-in-vain,'  street-name  in  Shadwell,  origin 
of,  123,  193 

La  Cour  (Dr.  Poul)  on  windmill  power  in  Den- 
mark, 103 

Lady  Day  in  Harvest,"  a  name  for  the  Feast 
of  the  Assumption,  236 

Laing  (William),  memorial  at  Newcastle-on-Tyne, 
145 

Lamb    (Charles),   his   East  India   Company   em- 
ployers, 287 

Landsdowne-passage,  behind  Devonshire  House, 
site  of  a  river  bed,  288 

Lang  (John  Dunmore),  his  statue  in  Sydney,  177 

Langenstein    (Henry  de),  his  '  Tractatus  de  con- 
tractibus,'  265,  298 

Law  case  of  eleventh  century  unfinished,  parti- 
culars wanted,  293 

Lawson  (Dorothy),  wife  of  Alexander  Collingwood, 
information  wanted  about  her  parentage,  320 

Leap  Year  :   lady's  offer  of  marriage,  24 

Le  Cateau,  mentioned  in  1577,  26 

Lee   (Nat),   his   '  Tragedy  of   Nero,  Emperour  of 
Rome,'  254,  299,  323 

Legh  (Lady  Margaret)  of  Lyme,  Cheshire,  63 

Legs,  the  indelicacy  of  piano  and  other,  261,  301 

Le  Hardy  (F.)  of  London,  miniaure  painter,  his 
relatives,  207 

Lewknor  family,  its  history,  201 

'  Life  of  Henry  Maitland,'  novel  by  Morley  Roberts, 

key  to,  161,  269 

Light  Invisible,  The,'  source  of  book-title  wanted, 
123 


346 


SUBJECT     INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


"  Mantle-maker's  Twist,"  75 

MS.  list  of  recruits  to  the  Third  Crusade,  236 

Manuscripts,    catalogues   of   mediaeval   scientific,- 

206  ;  Norfolk  (Frere  catalogue),  182,  217 
Map,  earliest  of  New  York,  204 ;   early  Italian,  of." 

Ireland,  120 

Marazion,  origin  of  the  place-name,  292,  328 
Markshall,  relation  with  Fuller  family,  8,  78,  132;. 

with  Honywood  family,  78 
Marlborough  (first  Duke  of),  lack  of  memorials  to 

91 ;  St.  Helena  Life  of,  70,  108 
"  Marlipins,"  origin  of  word,  123 
Marriage  entries  in  duplicate,  198:  lists  of,  262,. 

305 
Marriage  service,  Sir  W.  Scott's  satire  on  Church. 

of  England,  208,  242,  278 
Marshalls  at  Westminster  School,  208 
Martins  at  Westminster  School,  236,  277 
Marylebone   Burial   Ground,   inscriptions   in.'list 
wanted,  236 

__f t    Master  Gunner,  the  status  of,  153,  212,  277 

parish  books  of  George  Street,  Portman  Square,  I  Maule  (Mr.  Justice)  on  bigamy  and  divorce,  64r 
209  ;   Sir  Walter  Raleigh's  connection  with  East        129  5    and  the  Judges'  Level,  7 
London,  15,  16,  51  Maules  at  Westminster  School,  236,  323 

location    of  |  Maurices  at  Westminster  School,  266 

Maw  family  records,  10,  75 
information  I  May,  borns  born  then,  cruel,  25 

Mays  at  Westminster  School,  123,  164,  194 
Mazonomum," 


Lights,  convex  and  conic,  c.  1700,  125 

Lillard   (R.   W.),   '  America's  Reply,'   particulars 

wanted,  317 

Lilliput  and  Gulliver,  origin  of  the  names,  156 
Little  Britain,  Little  Montague  Court  in,  18 
Little  Montague  Court,  Little  Britain,  118 
Littleton  (Edward),  letter  to  Richard  Edwards, 

117 

Lloyd    (Helicon)   of  Merionethshire,   information 
•     wanted,  68 
Locke  (Joseph),  M.P.,  statue  and  memorial  tomb 

at  Barnsley,  147 
Log  houses  in  British  Isles,  information  wanted, 

320 

Lombe  (Sir  John),  information  wanted,  42 
London  :  an  early  orphan  asylum ,  204  ;  link  with 
Philadelphia,  148,  188  ;    -Paris  Airship,  1835, 
58,  107  ;    London  peace  celebrations,  literature 
and  iconography,  175,  213,  315  ;  Peace  Pageant 
on  the  Thames,  1919,  197  ;    1856  peace  rejoic 
ing,  234  ;    its  plane  trees,  205,  272  ;    rate  and 


Longfellow's    '  Village    Blacksmith,' 

smithy,  211,248,  299 
Longworth     Castle,     Herefordshire, 

wanted,  320 
"  Lord,  for  Thy  tender  mercy's  sake,"  anthem, 

author  wanted,  291. 

"  Lorribus,"  first  occurrence  of  word,  205 
Louis  XVIII.,  his  monument  at  Calais,  288 
Louisa,  Christian  name,  spelt  Leweezer,  237,  276  ; 

Lueazer,  276 

Lowestoft  street  names,  122,  165,  194,  221 
Lowndes  at  Westminster  School,  208 
Lowthers  at  Westminster  School,  96 
Ludlow,    Lucien    Bonaparte    a    prisoner    there. 

236,  300 

Lumber  Troop,  club  in  Fetter  Lane,  306 
Lyall's  (Edna)  grave,  inscription  wanted,  94 
Lytton    (1st    Lord),    his    alleged    horoscope    of 

the  Earl  of  Beaconsfield,  11 


M 


Macaroni,  origin  of  its  name,  159 
McCrae's  (Lt.-Col.)  '  In  Flanders'  Fields,' particu- 
lars wanted,  317 
Macdonell  (Col.  Sir  A.  R.),his  duel  with  Norman 

Macleod,  9,  43,  76 

Mackworths  at  Westminster  School,  96 
Macleod    (Norman),    his    duel    with    Sir    A.    R 

Macdonell,  9,  43,  76 

Magazines,  dealers  in  back  numbers  of,  40,  104 
Magpies  in  augury  in  Shakespeare,  5,  116 
Maidstone,  Kent,  aliens  there  in  1567,  169 
Main  (David  M.),  his  works  on  the  English  sonnet, 


hotel,     Frankfort,    information 


236 

Maison     Rouge, 
wanted,  321 

"  Malbrook  s'en  va-t-en -guerre,"  in  an  Ainsworth 
novel,  25 

Malvern  Priory,  tombstone  inscription,  267 

Man-of-war,  information  wanted  about  a  minia- 
ture, 319 

Manor  House  of  Higham  Benstead,  Walthamstow. 
its  history,  286 

Manor  records,  whereabouts  and  particulars  of, 
182,  244 


Latin  word  '  dish,'  its  gender,. 
266,  300,  301 

Mediaeval  scientific  MSS.,  207 

Medop,  persons  of  the  name,  138 

Melkart's  statue,  particulars  wanted  of  its  re- 
moval to  Rome,  292 

Memorials  and  statues  in  the  British  Isles,  89,  91.. 
145,  259,  312 

Memorials  of  the  Dead  in  Ireland,  Fund  for 
Preserving  the,  183 

Memorials  of  the  Dead,  Society  for  Preserving  the,. 
183,  249 

Merchant  marks  and  ancient  finger-rings,  22,  23 

Mercury   drawn  by  two  cocks,    in    a  print,   154, 

Metal-bridge,  Dublin,  tolls  levied  at,  159 
Metempsychosis  in   fiction,.  124,   191,   246,   279,. 

306,  333 

Mews  or  Mewys  family,  it»  history,  163 
Michell  (Davy),  priest,  sixteenth  century,  parti- 
culars wanted,  292 

Middlesex       Monuments,'    Simco's,    particulars- 
wanted,  294 
Middleton  (Empson  Edward),  his  will,  and  works,. 

8 
Miers  (John),  profilist,  Mr.  G.  D.  Lumb's  paper 

on,  162 

Millbrook,  Beds,  Huett  tomb  at,  206 
Million  Bank,  origin  of  name,  181,  222 
'  Mind,  memory  and  understanding,'  legal  formula, 

207 

Mistletoe  seeds  and  missel-thrush,  98,  132,  165 
Mitchell  (Claude),  memorial  at  Rugby,  145 
Mitchell  of  Launceston,  clock-maker/information 

wanted,  153 
'  Moat  Island,'  engraving,  the  origin  of  its  subject, 

Montague  Court,  Little,  in  Little  Britain,  118 
Monument  of  Louis  XVIII. 's  landing,  at  Calais, 

288 
Monuments,    Simco's    '  Middlesex    Monuments,' 

particulars  wanted,  294 
Monumental  brasses  at  East  Hatley,  260 
Moore  family  of  Milton  Place,  Egham,  Surrey,  it& 

history,  264,  284 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


347 


Morbus  Anglicus,  identity  of  the  disease,  180 
Moresnet,  alleged  small  republic,  205 
Morgan  (John),  paladin  in  Carew  tournament,  152 
Morland  (Benjamin),  High  Master  of  St.  Paul's 

School,  141 
Morland  family  at  Hackney  and  Bethnal  Green, 

141,  193 

Morland  Gallery,  Fleet  Street,  69,  132 
Morris  (Charles),  of  Portman  Square,  his  history, 

264,  330 
Morrison  (Arthur),  alderman,  memorial  at  Donny- 

brook,  146 

Mortars,  date  of  three  metal,  209,  250,  277 
Mothering  Sunday  at  Bewdley,  65 
Motteux  (Pierre   Antoine),   his   '  Farewel  Folly,' 

310 

Mottoes :  — 

Fortitudine  (Barr  family),  153 
Oh  for  a  book  and  a  shady  nook,  237,  277,  297 
Pro  pelle  cutem,  93,  132,  164,  217,  250 
'  Tu  vois  1'heure,'  on  a  Savoy  sundial,  233 
Mowing  and   rain,   connection   between,   41,   81, 

106 

Municipal  officers,  elected  in  churches,   127,  162 
Murch  (John)  of  Honiton,  clockmaker,  informa- 
tion wanted,  152 
Murray  (Lord  Edward),  died  in  Jamaica,  1734, 

identity  wanted,  293 

Myrbach's  illustrations  of  Daudet's  '  Jack,'  150, 
219 


N 


"  Nablette,"  its  meaning,  66,  108 

Names,  descriptive,  derived  from  localities  in  Great 

Britain,  290 
Napoleon  I.,  conversation  with  Lord  John  Russell, 

12,  47,  82 

Nasturtium  plant,  names  given  to  it,  267,  302 
Navy,  British,  an  early  reference,  6 
Neal  (Nathaniel),  secretary  of  Million  Bank,  181 
Neate  family,  history,  13,  50 
Nelson   (Horatio,  Viscount),  his  coxswain,  John 

Sykes,  257 

Neologism,  "  lorribus,"  205 
Neologisms,  French,  "  spidometre,"    287  ;    "  tri- 

bion,"  287 
Nepean  (Henry)  of  Launceston,  particulars  wanted, 

292 
*  Nero,  Emperour  of  Rome,  The  Tragedy  of,'  and 

'  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  plays,  254,  299,  323 
"  Never  prophesy  unless  you  know,"  315 
Nevill  (Canon  E.  R.)  on  origin  of  slang  terms,  294 
New  College,  Oxford,  hereditary   scholarship  at, 

48,  297 
'  New    English    Dictionary,'    notes    on    changed 

accentuations  in,  32,  105,  137,  166 
New  Shakspere  Society,  list  of  its  publications, 

162 

New  York,  earliest  plan  of,  204 
Newcome  family  at  Hackney  and  Bethnal  Green, 

141 
"  Newcomes,  The  "  (Thackeray),  key  to  characters 

in,  14,  77 

Newmans  at  Westminster  School,  13 
Newton  (Gilbert  Stuart),  R.A.,  particulars  of  his 

pictures  wanted,  236,  277 
Newtons  at  Westminster  School,  41 


'  — ney,'  in  surnames,  &c.,  information  wanted, 

290 

Niccolo  da  Uzzano  :   see  Uzzano 
Nicholson  (General  John),  his  pedigree,  180,  330 
Nicholson   (Alderman  William),  bust  at  Bolton 

313 
Nicholson     (William)     of     Dublin,     information 

wanted,  98 

Nicholson  family,  21,  130 
Nicknames,  carried  by  surnames,  195 ;  regimental, 

examples,  19 

Nitre  and  vinegar,  in  Prov.  xxv.,  20,   205 
"  Non-naturals,"  early  occurrence  as  substantive, 

176 
Norcross  (John),  English  freebooter,  information 

wanted,  291 
Norfolk  manuscripts,    (Frere),    their  purchaser, 

182,  217, 

North  of  England,  definition  wanted,  317 
"  Nos  habitat,  non  tartara,"  its  source,  119 
'  N.  &  Q.'  offspring  in  other  countries,  38 
"  Now  then  !  "  earliest  occurrence  wanted,  295 
Nuncupative  wills,  their  validity,  265 


Oath  ofjjFealty  oftEdwardlIIT.  for  Gtrienne,  cere- 
mony, 9,  106 

Obituary: — 

Page  (John?Thomas),   112 

Russell  (Rt.  Bon.  George  William  Erskine). 

r  84    j«&^. 

Shedlock  (John  South),  28 
Smith  (Edward),  336 
Welford  (Richard),  M.A.,  224 

Odessa  in  Roman  times,  98,  137 

Officers  (Army)  dead,  1727-60,  list  wanted,  293 

"  Old   Lady  of  Threadneedle   Street,"   origin  of 

nickname,  238,  302 
Old  RatclifEe,  reflections  on  naval  matters  inspired 

by,  171,  214 
Oldfield  (John)  of  Oldfield,  died  1762,  particulars 

wanted,  235 

Oldfield  (Mrs.),  described  by  Swift,  230 
Oliphant,  relation  of  the  name  to  elephant,  238, 

301, 334 
"  On  a  summer's  day  in  sultry  weather,     rustic 

rhyme,  26 

Opium,  Tennyson's  views  on,  36 
Orlingbury  family,  particulars  required,  14 
Orphan  asylum,  an  early  London,  204 
Owen,  Samuel,  uncle  of  August  Strindberg,  3 
Owens*(Susannah),  information  wanted,  68 


Pace  (Thomas),  letter  to  Richard  Edwards,  117 
Page  (John  Thomas),  his  death  noticed,  112 
Pageant,  Peace,  on  Thames,-  1919,  197 
Paget  (Sir  Edward),  portraits  of,  126 
Painting  and  Sculpture,  Boutell's  punning  cata- 
logue of,  173 

Palliser  (Capt.)>  Canadian  explorer,  123 
"  Pannag,"    Hebrew  word,   explanation   wanted, 
294 


348 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


Panton  Street  Puppet  Show  and  Goldsmith,  83 
Parish  Registers,  entries  of   foundlings  in,  40,  71 
Parish  registers  of  Philleigh  missing  information 

wanted,  292 

Parishes,  a  1705  return  of  English,  122 
Parker  (T.),  etchings  by,  1838,  183,  241 
Parkinson  family,  information  wanted,  97 
Parry  (Lieut.),  referred  to  by  Borrow,  96,  333 
Peace  :  London   celebrations,  literature,  &c.,  175, 

213,   315;    Thames   pageant,  1919,  197;    1856 

rejoicing,  234 
Peer    (William),    alleged    actor    of    that    name. 

263,  331 
Pegs  of  wood  in  furniture  displaced  by  screws, 

date  wanted,  236 

"  Penniles  Bench,"  meaning  of,  126,  163,  194 
Penrhyn  Devil  in  form  of  a  knocker,  10 
Percy  (J.),  artist,  information  wanted,  150 
"  Perksilver  "  in  fifteenth  century,  313 
"  Peterloo,"  earliest  use  of  word  wanted,  291 
Philadelphia,  link  with  London,  168,  188 
Phillips  (Sir  Richard),  his  tour  through  the  United 

Kingdom,  232 
Philleigh,  Cornwall,  query  about  its  missing  parish 

register,  292 

Piano  legs  in  trousers,  261,  301 
Pidgeon  (H.  C.),  supposed  author  of  "  Memorials 

of  Shrewsbury,"  130 
"  Pipchinesque,"  use  of  word,  11 
Pipes,  source  of  some  old  tobacco,  210,  303 
Pirkheimer  (Wilibald),  Diirer's  joke  about  him, 

4  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  and  '  The  Tragedy  of  Nero,' 

254,  299,  323 
Pitt  (William)  and  Dundas,  drinking  at  New  Cross, 

151,  195 
Place  (Francis),  political  economist,  233 

Place-Names : — 

Earth,  238,  279 

Birth,  238,  279 

Elsinore,  8 

Gavelacre,  295,  332 

Goldsworthy,  39,  79 

"  — gram,"  meaning  of,  26C 

Grim  or  Grime,  95,  137,  160,  245,  328 

Gunnersbury,  231 

Havering,  229 

lona,  40 

Marazion,  292,  328 

Romeland,  294 

Ruislip,  231 

Seven  Kings,  210,  249,  272 

Plane  trees  in  London,  205,  272 

Pleasure    Fairs    on    Good    Friday,    facts    about, 

Pope  (Alexander),  supposed  ancestor  of  Whistler. 

70 

Pope,  the  crosier  of  the,  24 
Popes,   statements    about  two   popes   discussed, 

Portraits  on  gravestones,  250,  306,  330 
"  Poultice  wallahs,"  term  for  R.A.M.C.,  79 
Powell  (David),  priest,  at  Brussels,  c.  1575,  his 

identity  wanted,  295 

Powell  (George),  dramatist,  handwriting  of,  11 
Pragell  family,  origin  of  name,  42,  139 
Pre-Raphaelite  stained  glass  examples,  74,  105 
Price     (Cromwell),     cornet,     1728,     his     historv. 

292,  331 
Price  (John)  of    Deptford,  watchmaker,  237,  305 


Priests  executed,    Cornish   and    Devonian,  154i 

96,  131,  183,  243,  332 
Prize  Compositions  at  School,  origin  of  custoi 

connected  with,  70 
Proclamation  stones,  their  origin  and  significant 

178,  221,  275 

Proctor  family  of  Dublin,  98 
Prosser    (Richard)    of    Birmingham,    informatio 

about  his  parentage  wanted,  319 

Proverbs  and  Phrases: — 

Anglo-Saxon  contagion,  38 

As  dead  as  a  door-nail,  266,  303' 

As  jolly  as  sandboys,  180,  279 

Cake  :   Why  don't  they  eat  cake  ?   53,  162 

Dans   la   politique ....  prendre   rien   au   tr< 


gique,  69 
rink 


Drink  by  word  of  mouth,  98,  136,  330 
Fire  out,  121 
Get  the  needle,  151,  194 
Hell  for  leather,  25 
Lambendo  effingere,  69,  129 
Let  the  weakest  go  to  the  wall,  177,  222 
Lick  into  shape,  69,  129 
"  Man  proposes,  God  disposes,"  232 
Never  prophesy  unless  you  know,  315 
Now  then  !    295 

Old  Lady  of  Threadneedle  Street,  238,  302 
Perversity  of  inanimate  objects,  126 
Pro  pelle  cutem,  93,  132 
Querelle  d'Allemand,  9 
Rain  cats  and  dogs,  108,  166,  326 
Scum  of  democracy,  210 
Sheer  hulk,  65 
Spanish  main,  65 
Wash  an  Aethiop,  193 

When  you  die  of  old  age  I  shall  quake  f( 
fear,  235,  278,  325 

4  Proving  a  negative,'  Matthew    Arnold    on,    3 

83 
Parks    (or  Perks)    family,    information  wantei 

317 

Parliamentary  papers,  preservation  of,  41 
Parry  (Lieut.)  mentioned  in  George  Borrow,  95 
Paschollen,    lake   near    Thusis,    its   position,    1! 

51 

Paten,  use  and  example  of,  13,  50,  134 
Patristic  writings,  translations  wanted,  295 
Patrons    and    incumbents    of    Bredwardine    an 

Brobury,  200 
Peace  celebrations  in  London,  their  literature  an 

iconography,  175,  213,  315 
Peace  pageant  on  the  Thames,  1919,  197 
Peace  rejoicing,  official,  234 
Peat  (Rev.  Sir  Robert),  his  history  and  identity 

23 

Peer  (William),  alleged  to  be  an  actor,  173,  263 
Prudentius,  "  Psychomachia,'  English  translation 

14,  75 
Pseudonyms  list  of,  identity  of  writers,  293,  328 

Burton  (Richard),  95  ;   Robertson  (John),  49 
4  Psychomachia  '  of   Prudentius,  translations   o 

14,  75 

Puleston  family  of  Gresford  and  Hants,  124 
Punning  catalogue  of  painting  and  sculpture  mad 

by  Rev.  Chas.  Boutell,  173 
Punt,  land  of,  origin  of  the  name,  149 
Puppet  Show  in  Panton   Street,  and  Goldsmit] 

83 

Puritan  hanging  his  cat,  rime  about,  232 
Pyrgo  Park,  near  Romford,  Essex,  229 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


SUBJECT   INDEX. 


349 


Quarrymen's  terms,  in  Herefordshire,  289 

"  Quentin  Durward,"  points  to  be  solved,  268, 

306 
"  Querelle   d'Allemand,"  meaning  and  origin  of 

phrase,  9 

Quotations : — 

[An]d  dimpling  eddies,  67 

And  the  low  plashing  of  the  sea,  268 

Blest  be  the  man,  322 

Confluxerunt  omni  parte  Europse,  42,  83 

Death,  at  the  bedside  standing,  15 

Exemplo  patrum  commotus,  42,  83 

Flocuerunt  sancti  in  Hibernia,  42,  83 

Grandmother's  garden  edged  with  box,  183 

He  was  better  than  all  my  doubts  and  fears, 

183 

I  am  the  way  the  past  has  trod,  239 
I  think  of  thee  in  the  night,  127 

I  will  laugh  with  you ,  211 

If   of   dull   wits   this   stripling   you   suspect, 

98,  139 

If  you  were  April's  lady,  295,  334 
In  a  small  New  England  garden,  183 
In  Arizona  caught,  322 
In  summer  when  the  vales  are  clear,  322 
Know'st  thou  not  their  language,  295 
Many  a  man  on  the  road  of  life,  70 
"  Nos  habitat,  non  tartara,  119 
Now  Nature  sleeps,  42 

Now  praise  to  the  Lord  Almighty,  183,  223 
Nunquam  minus  solus,  quam  cum  solus,  38 
Oh,  for  a  book,  237,  277,  297 
Quinque  sumus  fratres,  26 
Say  not  good-night,  322 
The  good  we  wish  for  often  proves  our  bane, 

26 

The  kiss  of  the  sun  for  pardon,  268 
They  shall  not  pass,  239 
What  part  of  dread  eternity,  322 
When  Milton  lost  his  eyes,  322 
Yes,  I  will  leave  the  battlefield,  239 
You  who  govern  public  affairs,  295 


Rabelais's    supposed    parody    of   hymn    '  Adeste 

Fideles,'  292,  329 

Rain  and  mowing,  connection  between,  41,  81, 106 
Raleigh   (Sir    Walter)    and    Queen    Elizabeth  at 

Sandgate,  96,  273  ;  his  East  London  origin,  and 

history  of,  15,  51 
'Rambles  around  Nottingham,'  c.  1855,  author's 

name  wanted,  139 

Reade  (Edward),  letter  to  Richard  Edwards,  118 
Records  of  English  births,  marriages  and  deaths 

at  Boulogne,  181 
Records,  memorial,  whereabouts  and  particulars, 

182,  244 

Records  of  Fleet  Prison,  whereabouts  wanted,  266 
Records,   the   Third   Report  of  the   Royal  Com- 

misson  on  Public,  a  note  on,  314 
Records,     Warwickshire,     society     proposed     to 

publish  them,  223 
Rede-birds,  their  identification  and  name,  265,  329 


Regiments,  3rd  Foot  Guards,  270 

'  Revenger's  Tragedy,'  225 

Reverie  in  Old  Ratcliffe,  171,  214      ] 

Richard  I.  in  captivity,  21,  77 

Richenda,  woman's    Christian    name,    its  origin, 

237,  324 

Riddle  of  George  Selwyn,  153,  188 
Rime  on  Dr.  Fell,  its  source,  315 
Rime  on  East  Anglian  characters  and  character- 
istics, 178,  246 

Rimes  describing  cottage-brewed  beers,  209 
Ripon  spurs,  and  other  guarded  spurs,  119 
Roberts  (Field-Marshal  Earl),  house  where  he 

died,  125,  219 
Roberts  (Morley),  key  to  his  novel '  Life  of  Henry 

Maitland,'  151,  269 
Robertson,  of  Dublin,  miniaturist,  his  identity, 

208,  249,  250,  279 
Robertson  (John),  poet,  identified  as  John  Robert 

Seeley,  49 
Robinson  (Brooke)  of  Dudley,  his  family's  history 

by,  97,  130 

Roger  de  Gloucester,  17,  73,  101,  170  ;   in  Domes- 
day, 233 
Romeland,   St.  Albans,  origin  of  name  wanted. 

294 

"  Romer  "  months,  meaning  of  the  term,  150,  192 
Rosalind's  hair,  its  colour,  194,  208 
"  Rough  "  as  house-name,  97,  164 
"  Rough-necks,"  explanation  wanted  of  term,  42 
Royal  arms  ;   see  Heraldry 
Royal  Assent,  95,  155,  214,  272 
Royal  grooms,  particulars  wanted,  294 
Royal  personages,  statues  and  memorials  to,  260 
Ruislip,  etymology  of  the  place-name,  231 
"  Rumble,"  war  slang,  its  meaning,  79 
Russel  (Amos)  of  Lincoln,  c.   1729,  information 

wanted,  317 
Russell  (Charles)  or  Russel,  Winchester  scholar,  his 

history,  207 
Russell  (Rt.  Hon.  G.  W.  E.),  his  death  noticed,  84 ; 

letter  on  word  "  trounce,"  131 
Russell  (Lord  John),  conversation  with  Napoleon 

I.,  12,  47,  48,  82 
Russell  family  of    Beaminster   and    Powerstock, 

207 
Rutter,  origin  ofAthe  family  name,  7,  54 


Sa.,  a  lion  rampant  betwixt  six  fusils  in  pale,  154 
Sadler    (Sir    Samuel    Alexander),    memorial    at 

Middlesborough,  89 

St.  Alkelda,  her  history  and  name,  152,  190,  247 
St.  Bees  College,  Cumberland,  alumni  of,  11 
St.  Clement  as  patron  saint  of  blacksmiths,  110 
St.  Cuthman,  his  history,  76,  77 
St.  Dunstan's-in-the-East  parish  charities,  &c.,  69 
St.  Henry  the  Englishman,  bishop  in  Finland,  50  ' 
St.    Hilda's,  South    Shields,    gaps    in    list   of   its 

vicars,  70 
St.    James,   the   Court  of,    first  use   of  term   in 

diplomacy,  265,  324 
St.  John  Baptist  heads,  209,  238,  276 
St.  John  the  Baptist's  head  and  Herodias,  67 
St.  John  the  Evangelist's,  Waterloo  Road,  inscrip- 
tions in  church,  63,  135,  193,  216  | 
4  St.  Stephen  and  Herod,'  ballad  and  legend,  31&j 
St.  Trunnion,  identity  of,  7,  53 


350 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


Saints  and  their  burial-places,  the  Anglo-French 

list  of,  281 

Saints,  Association  between  pairs  of,  209 
Saintsbury  (Prof.  G.),  allusion  to  Matthew  Arnold, 

38 
Salisbury  Cathedral  Library,  old  dance  tunes  in, 

85 
Salute   of  four   guns   at   officer's   burial   at   sea, 

38,  106 

Salvers  and  patens,  13,  50,  134 
Sampson  family  of  Sussex,  information  wanted 

181 

Scholarship,  hereditary,  118,  297 
Schopenauer  and  "  La  clart6  est  la  bonne  foi  des 

philosophes,"  39 

Scientific  MSS.,  mediaeval,  catalogue  of,  206 
"  Score,"  name  for  narrow  lane,  122,  165,  194,  279 
Scot  (Philip),  author  of  '  Treatise  of  the  Schism 

of  England,'  211 
Scotchman's  Post,  origin  of  memorial  so-called 

123,  188 
.  Scotland's  four  royal  rivers,  particulars  wanted 

291 
Scott  (Sir  Walter),  "  Quentin  Durward,"  points 

to  be  solved,   268,  306;    satire  on  Church  of 

England  marriage  service,  208,  242,  278 
Scottish  chiefs,  official  recognition  of,  information 

wanted,  9 

Scottish  University  Graduates,  lists  of,  39 
Screws  displacing  wooden  pegs  in  furniture,  236 
Scripps    (James   Edmund),   newspaper  man,   his 

history,  65 

"  Scrounge,"  war  slang,  its  meaning,  18 
Sculpture  and  painting,  Boutell's  punning  cata- 
logue of,  173 
Seal,  XVth  century  :    Trinity  with  St.  John  the 

Baptist  and  St.  John  the  Evangelist,  96 
Seal  inscription  in  Tonga  language,  64 
'  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  225 
Selkirk  (Alexander),  his  connection  with  Defoe, 

Selwyn  (George),  a  riddle  by,  153,  188 

Seven  Kings,  origin  of  place-name,  210,  249,  272 

Shakespear  (Hon.  John)  of  Jamaica,  information 

wanted,  124 
Shakespear    (John)     of    Ratcliff    Highway,  '  his 

ancestors  wanted,  151 
Shakespeare  (Wm.),  augury  in  his  plays,  5,  116  ; 

and   the   garden,    153,   193,  306 ;    Prayer-book 

signatures,    207  ;    reputed  author  of  "  Double 

Falsehood,"  30,  60,  86 

Shakespearian^ : — 

1  As  you  like  it,'  Act  iii.  sc.  iv.  7-12,  194 

4  Hamlet,'  Act  I.  sc.  iv.,  36-8,  4,  115 

'  I  Henry  IV.',  Act  II.,  sc.  i,  202  ;  sc.  iv.,  202 

'  King  Lear,'  Act  I.,  sc.  ii,  202 

'  Macbeth,'  Act  I1}  sc.  iv.,  203 

Malvolio,  the  germ  of,  115 

'  Measure  for  Measure,'  Act.  II.,  sc.  ii.,  202 

'  Romeo  and  Juliet,'  Act.  III.,  sc.  ii.,  203 

'  Tempest,'  Act  I.,  sc.  ii.,  202 

'  Tempest,'  Act  V.,  sc.  i.,  Ariel's  song,  203 

Shallcross  (Philip),  animal-lover,  his  epitaph,  290 

Sharpe  (Lieut.-General)  of  Haddam  Castle,  infor- 
mation wanted,  321 

Shedlock  (John  South),  his  death  noticed,  28 

"Sheer  hulk,"  65 

Sheffield,  lines  spoken  by  children  at  Christmas, 
46,  82 


Shepard  (Thomas),  a  founder  of  Harvard  Univer- 
sity, his  history,  179,  271 

Shepherd  (George),  artist,  relation  to  Thomas 
Hosmer  Shepherd,  295,  332 

Shepherd  (Thomas  Hosmer),  artist,  relation  to 
George  Shepherd,  295,  332 

Sheridan  (R.  B.)  founded  Royal  Antediluvian 
Order  of  Buffaloes,  276  ;  source  of  passage  by, 
on  puffs,  37 

"  Sniffle-shuffle,"  early  use  of,  177 

Shrapnel  (Wm.  Fisher),  F.  S.A.,  his  history,  67, 
132 

Shropshire  names,  their  derivation  wanted,  266 

Siddons  (Mrs.)  the  actress,  particulars  of  descen- 
dants wanted,  318 

Sign  of  the  Cross,  its  use,  236 

Simco  (John),  his  '  Middlesex  Monuments,'  parti- 
culars required,  294 

Simplon  Tunnel,  translation  of  account  of  its 
boring  wanted,  237 

Simpson  (Robert),  a  royal  farrier,  67 

Slang  :    terms  for  bank-notes,  309 

Slang  terms,  Spanish  author  on  origin  of,  294 

Slang,  "  topping,"  "  top-hole,"  233 

Slang  (War)  :  "  Bill  Jim,"  19,  194  ;  "  Boche,"  its 
etymology,  182  ;  "  camouflage,"  42,  79,  108, 
136  ;  "  Chance  one's  arm,"  195  ;  «'  Digger,"  19, 
194  ;  "  Dinkum,"  7,  79,  194  ;  "  eyewash,"  18  ; 
"  fed.  up,"  79,  159  ;  "  gaspers,"  159  ;  "  gypos," 
79  ;  list  of  examples,  19  ;  "  poultice  wallahs," 
79  ;  regimental  nicknames,  19  ;  "  rumbled," 
79  ;  "  scrounge,"  18  ;  "  sweating,"  79  ;  "  yel- 
low peril,"  159 

Slaves,  epitaphs  to,  26,  81 

Smales  at  Westminster  School,  321 

Smith  (Edward),  his  death  noticed,  336 

Smoking  in  England  before  the  introduction  of 
tobacco,  82 

Smyth  (Sir  George  H.),  Bt.,  M.P.,  bust  at  Col- 
chester, 146 

"  Snob,"  its  etymology,  182 

Snow  (Richard),  buried  at  Pilton,  information, 
wanted,  125 

Society*  for  Preserving  the  Memorials  of  the  Dead, 
183;  249 

Sol  as  a  woman's  name  in  England,  21 

Somerset  incumbents,  lists  of,  153,  245 

B  and  Ballads:  — 

'  Bertram  de  Bourne,'  318 

"  Malbrook  s'en  va-t-en   guerre,'  version  in 

novel  by  Ainsworth,  25 
'  Oh,  dear  !     What  can  the  matter  be  ?  '    Latin 

version  of,  133 

"  On  a  summer's  day,  in  sultry  weather/'  26 
"  St.  Stephen  and  Herod,"  315 
"  The  Poor  Thresher  "  (Burns),  66, 108 
'  To-morrow    shall     be     my   dancing    day,' 

320 

Songs  sung  by  bird-scarers,  98?  132,  160,  246 

Sonnet,  English,  David  M.  Main's  work  on,  236 

Sorron,  Bishop  of,  identity,  331 

Soul's  (released)  attention  to  corpse,  205 

Souls,  exchange  of,  in  fiction,  124,  191,  240,  279, 

306,  334 
Southey  (R.),  contributions  to  '  Critical  Review,' 

187 

'  Spanish  Mam,  The,"  65 
'  Spidometre,"  French  neologism,  287 
•ipital  as  street-name,  information  wanted,  317 
Spurriers'  terms,  42 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


SUBJECT   INDEX. 


351 


'Spurs,  Ripon  and  other  guarded,  119 

Stained   glass-,    books   wanted   on    old,  70  ;    pre- 

Baphaelite,  74,  105 

Standard,  historical  allusion  in  a  poem,  explana- 
tion wanted,  238 

Stanhopes  at  Westminster  School,  152,  218 
State  coach,  its  cost  and  popularity,  288 
"  Stateroom  " — Passenger's  Cabin,  104 
Statue  in  Fleet  Street  inscribed  with  lines  from 

Byron,  40,  82,  107 
Statues  and  memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  89,  91, 

145,  259,  312 

'Statues  in  Sydney,  New  South  Wales,  177 
Staveley  (Rev.   Ambrose),  supposed  ancestor  of 

Whistler,  70 

Stepney  (George),  envoy  at  Vienna,  37 
Stepney  as  registration  district  for  births  at  sea, 

261 
Stewart   (Hon.    Lieut.    George)    (1771-1821),   his 

identity,  12,  75,  159 
Stocker  families  of  Devonshire  and  Bedfordshire, 

183 
Stocker  (George),  Devonian  priest,  supposed  to  be 

executed,  183 

Stocks  (Dr.),  traveller,  his  history,  237,  333 
Stockton   (Richard)   of   Kiddington,  his  history, 

94 

•Stomach-ache,  hair  cut  to  prevent,  138 
Stones  used  for   ceremonial  proclamation,   178, 

221,  275 

Stoyte  family,  particulars  wanted,  152 
Straw  (Jack),  his  fate,  153,  217 
"  Straitsman,"  class  of  ship,  name  explained,  128 
Street-names :     Anguish,    122,    165,    194,    221  ; 

Barroon,  317  ;    Clapgun,  317  ;    Finkle,  69,  109, 

279  ;    Labour-in-Vain,  123,  193  ;    Spital,  317 
Strindberg,  August,  an  uncle  of,  3 
Stuart  (Prince  Charles  Edward),  poem  on,  97 
Stuart  (Prince  James  Francis  Edward),   correct 

legal  title  wanted,  321 
Stuart,  supposed  husband  of  Margaret  Hamilton, 

information  wanted,  290 
'  Struwwelpeter,'  English  translation  of,  68 
Submarine  at  Paris,  c.  1848-50,  reference  wanted, 

152 

Submarine,  Chinese  idea  of  the,  131 
Suckling  family  (Norfolk)  crest,  13,  99 
Sundial  motto  in  Savoy,  233 
'Superphosphate,     epitaph     commemorating     its 

introducer,  289 
Surnames  carrying  nicknames,  195 

.Surnames: — 

Amphlett,  266,  325,  326 
Cowap,  206,  247,  272 
Crowther,  266,  325,  326 
De  Miners,  170 
Devey,  266,  325,  326 
Eykyn,  266,  325,  326 
Foch,  203 

Garrett,  Portuguese  poet,  182 
Gittins,  266,  325 
Handwriting,  93 
Hoord,  241,  266,  325 
Kellond,  154,  189,  220 
"  Ney  "  (terminal),  290 
Nock,  266,  325 
Oliphant,  238,  301,  334 
Pragell,  42,  139 
Rutter,  7,  54 
.'Snodgrass,  in  Ireland,  65 
Yeardye,  209 


Surtees  (R.  S.),  his  history,  122/245,  305 

'  Survey  of  Walden,'  by  Hayward,  94 

Swanne  (Rev.  Richard),  evidence  of  his  marriage 

wanted,  316 

"  Sweating,"  war  slang,  its  meaning,  79 
Swift  (Jonathan),  his  description  of  Mrs.  Oldfield, 

230;    relations    with    Walpole,    262 
Swin  (the)  channel  of  Thames,  95,  130  ;   meaning 

of  term,  166 
'  Swiss    Family    Robinson,'    information    wanted 

about  first  English  edition,  320 
Sydney,    New  South  Wales,   inscriptions   in    St. 

James'  Church,  174;  monuments,  177 
Sykes  (John),  Nelson's  coxswain,  257 
Sylke   (William),   LL.D.,  his  epitaph  at  Exeter, 

162,  241 
Symmons  (J.)  of  Paddington  House,"  collector  of 

topographical  prints,  265 


"  Tales  about  Old  London,"  newspaper  articles 

entitled,1 123 

"  Tamasha."  naval  slang,  its  meaning,  178 
Tanks  (military),  invention  and    history   of,  36  ; 

origin  of  name,  176 

Tavern  Signs  : — 

Bell  (in  combinations),  110 

Bell  and  Shoulder,  109 

Labour-in-Vain,  193 

Rose  of  Denmark,  138 

Shoulder  (in  combinations),  110 

Three  Cripples  ('  Oliver  Twist  '),'292,  334 

Three  Crutches,  292 

Taylor  (Sir  Charles  Wlliam),  particulars  of,  153, 

190 

Taylor  (Harry)  of  Sending,  details  wanted,  319 
Taylor  (Jeremy),  '  Holy  Living,'  persistent  error 

in,  315 

"  Tea  Kitchens,"  meaning  of  term,  248 
"  Tea-pot,  squeezing  the,"  custom  of,  75 
Temple  Bar,  its  iconography,  253 
Tennyson  (Lord  A.),  reference  wanted  to  "  [An]d 

dimpling  eddies,"  &c.,  autograph  fragment,  67; 

views  on  opium-eating  36 
Thackeray  (W.   M.),   identification  of  characters 

in  "The  Newcomes,"  14,  77 
Thackwell,   of   Bristol,    clockmaker,   information 

wanted,  153 

Thames,  scene  of  Peace  Pageant,  1919,  197 
Thames  tunnels,  bibliography  of,  181,  297, 
Theobald,  reputed  author  of  "  Double  Falsehood," 

30,  60,  86 

Threadneedle  Street,  origin  of  its  name,  302 
'  Three  Black  Crows,'  authorship  of,  123,  160 
Thrush,  missel  and  mistletoe  seeds,  98,  132,  165 
Thumb   latch,    information   about   its    invention 

wanted,  321 

Thunder,"  peculiar  meaning  of  word,  181 
'  Thwertnic  "  or  "  Thiertnie,"  old  Cheshire  cus- 
tom, 93 

Title  of  book  on  Tanagra  figures  wanted,  267 
Toad-juice,  use  of,  70,  103,  166 
Tobacco  pipes,  source  of  some  old  clay,  210,  303 
Todd,   (Anthony),  secretary  of  the  G.P.O.,  104, 

164,  326 
Tolls  at  Metal-bridge,  Dublin,  abolished,  159 


352 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920* 


"  To-morrow  shall  be  my  dancing  day,"   carol, 

origin  wanted,  320 
'  Tom    Jones,'    Gibbon's    prophecy    about,    268, 

303,  327 
Tombstone    embedded    in    tree,    Ceylon,    37,    78, 

166 
Tombstone  inscriptions,   in  Malvern  Priory,  267, 

305 ;    Berkshire,  182 
Tonga  inscription  on  seal,  64 
"  Top-hole,"  "  Topping,"  derivation,  233 
"  Toponymies "    in    Great    Britain    and    France, 

290,  331 

Tortoise,  its  indifference  to  hunger,  125 
Tourneur   (Cyril),    "  The    Revenger's    Tragedy," 

"  The  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,"  225 
Tower  of  London  :     Yeomen  of  the   Guard  and 

Tower  Warders,  192 

Tracks,  submerged,  information  wanted,  70 
Tradesmen's    cards    and    bill-heads,    particulars 

wanted,  317 
1  Tragedy  of  Nero,'  1675,  by  Nat  Lee,  254,  299, 

323 

"  Tribion,"  French  neologism,  287 
'  Trilby,'  novel  by  Du  Maurier,  key  to,  151,  245 
Trinity,  Blessed,  representations  of,  215 
Trinity  Brotherhood,  197 

Trinity   College,   Cambridge,   hereditary   scholar- 
ship at,  297 

"  Trouncer,"  meaning  of,  131 
Trousers  put  round  piano  legs,  261,  301 
Trumpets,  devils  blowing.    See  Horns 
Tudgay,  marine  painter,  information  wanted,  68 
Tunnels  under  Thames,  bibliography  of,  181,  297, 

298  ;    Simplon,  book  about,  237 
Tupper    (Martin),   his  alleged   pension  from   the 

Earl  of  Beaconsfield,  11 
Turner  (J.)  painter,  c.  1820,  69,  131 
Turner  (William)   of  Shrigley  Park,  co.  Chester, 

his  family,  94,  249 
Twining   (John  Aldred),  evidence  wanted  of  his 

marriage  with  Emma  Haynes,  c.  1808,  238 
Tyler  (Wat),  his  fate,  153,  2*17 
Tynte  (Mary  Waters,  Lady),  76 
"  Up  "  and  "  down  "  often  misused,  262 


U 


Uvedales  at  Trinity  College,  Cambridge,  297 
Uvedale     (Edmund),     army     officer,     particulars 

wanted,  316 
Uzzano  (Niccolo  da),  particulars  of,  11 


Valetta  Regis  and  Valetta  Corone  Regis,  infor- 
mation wanted,  294 

"  Valhalla,"  peculiarity  in  its  spelling,  237 

Vassall  family,  278 

Vaughan  (Lord  [John]),  and  the  Debany  family, 
268,  330 

Vauvenargues,  "  La  clarte  est  la  bonne  foi  des 
philosophes,"  attributed  to,  39,  105,  135 

"  Verdy-brown,"  applied  to  coats  or  dresses, 
meaning  of,  166 

Vespasian  emperor,  brass  sestertius  at  Grimsby, 
301 

"  Vestis  Adriatica,"  92 


Veto  of  Sovereign  exercised  by  Queen  Anne  95* 

155,  214,  272 
Vickers  family  of  Fulham,  information  wanted.. 

123 
"  Village  Blacksmith  "  shop,  where  situated,  211,. 

248,  299 
Vinegar  upon  nitre,  in  Prov.  xxv.,  20,  explained,,. 

206 

Vint  (Henry),  bust  at  Colchester,  146 
Virgil  on  quarrels,  translation  of,  66 


w 


Waddingham    family   of   Yorkshire,    information 

wanted,  97 

Wainewright  (Jeremiah)  or  Wainwright,  where- 
abouts of  his  will,  180 
Wakefield  (Thomas),  Hebraist,  information  about,. 

91 

Walthamstow's  manor  house,  its  history,  286 
Walton   (Anne),  particulars  wanted  of  her  mac 

riage  with  Dr.  William  Hawkins,  319 
Walton  relic,  history  of  a,  121 
Wand,  a  gilt,  history  of,  97,  137 
War  (1914-18)  :    classical  parallelisms,  57,  189 
War,  Prisoners  of,  1758,  and  their  letters,  6 
Warnford  (Richard),  Winchester  scholar,  his  his- 
tory, 266,  324 
Warwick   (Earl  of),   the    '  Kingmaker,'   letter  to 

Lord  Ferrers,  120 
Warwickshire  records,  society  proposed  to  publish 

them,  223 

Washington  (George),  his  wealth,  94,  221 
Washington  (Henry),  his  identity  wanted,  290 
Watch-  and  clock-makers,  353,  237,  241,  306 
"  Water-pipes,"  Psalm  xlii,  9,  meaning,  60 
Waters  (Mary,  Lady  Tynte),  76 
Wayte  family,  its  history,  154 
"  We  Four  Fools,"  engraving  so  inscribed,  infor- 
mation wanted,  316 
Weddell  family,  sailors,  171,  214 
Welford  (Richard),  M.A.,  his  death  noticed,  224 
West-country    priests    executed,    1548,    96,    131,. 

183,  243,  332 
Westgarth,   inventor  of  hydraulic  engine,   1765,- 

273 
Westminster  Hall  roof,  superstition  about,   121,. 

157 
Westcott  (Philip),  portrait  painter,  pictures  by,. 

246 
Wheatley  (James),  cobbler  and  Methodist  minister, 

267 
"  When  you  die  of  old  age  I  shall  quake  for  fear,'* 

235,  278,  325 
Whistler's    family    connection    with    Alexander 

Pope,  70 ;    with   Rev.   Ambrose  Staveley,   70  ; 

with  Samuel  Cooper,  the  artist,  70 
White  (Gilbert),  portrait  said  to  be  of  him,  264,. 

333 
White  horse,  cut  in  landscape  in  Kent,  its  origin, 

25 
"  Wildering  "  and  "  Wilding,"  use  and  connection, 

of,  98 

Willett  (Andrew),  Herrick's  debt  to,  37 
William,  Bishop  of  Dromore,  1491,  his  Identity, 

161,  273 

William,  said  to  be  Bishop  of  Pharos  (Lesina),  10T 
Williams  (John),  author  of  *  Stillingfleet  against 

Dr.  Stillingfleet,"  207 
Williams  (Miss  Helen  Maria),  her  history,   ISO, 

244 


Notes  and  Queried,  Jan.,  1920. 


SUBJECT    INDEX. 


353 


Williamson  (Col.  and  the  Hon.  Mrs.)  memorial  at 

Comrie,  Perth,  145 

Wills,  nuncupative,  their  validity,  265 
Wills,  parcel  of  old  Bristol,  c.  1500,  missing,  122 
Wills  (William  Henry)  on  Dr.  Dodd,  the  forger, 

Wilson  family  of  Ederiderry,  Ireland,  information 

wanted,  293 
Wilson  family  of  Westmorland  and  Cumberland, 


pedigree  wanted,  293 
'Wilson    (John),    bo 


bookseller,    his   book   catalogue, 

237,  277,  297 
Wilson  (Joseph),  born  1707,  information  wanted, 

321 
Wilson  (Richard),  B.A.,  list  of  his  pupils  wanted, 

237 
Wilson   (President  Woodrow),  his  ancestors.  51, 

306 

Winchester,  an  American  link  with,  206 
Winter  (John),  dial-maker,  c.  1724,  124 
Wire  (David),  Alderman  and  Lord  Mayor  of 

London,  bust  at  Colchester,  146 
Wodecocke  (Lawrence),  information  wanted,  318 
Woodcocks,  supposed  testamentary  provision  for 

their  breeding,  319 
Woolmer  House,  Bramshott,  heraldic   device  on 

window,  180 


Wordsworth  (William),  his  references  to  Grasmere 

Church  in  '  The  Excursion,'  234 
Wrens,  Irish  custom  of  hunting,  315 
Wright  (Andrew  B.),  local  historian  and  actor, 

14,  78,  109 

Wright  family  of  South  Elmsall,  its  history,  159 
Writers,  forgotten  British,  American,  Swedish  and 

German,  150,  189 
Wyborne  family  of  Elmstone,  Kent,  49,  81 


Xit,"  his  identity  wanted,  295 


Yeardye  family  of  Huntingdon,  its  history,  209 
Yeoman  of  the  Guard,  and  Tower  Warders,  192 
Yeoman  of  the  Mouth,  his  duties,  239,  322 
"  Yellow  peril,"  slang,  meaning  of,  159 
Young  (Richard),  alderman,  memorial  at  Wisbech, 
146 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920.. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan. ,  1920, 


AUTHORS'    INDEX, 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


A  U  T  H  O  R  S'       INDEX. 


-.A.  (G.  E.  P.)  on  Sheridan  on  puffs,  37 
Abrahams  (Aleck)  on  sale  of  Bedford  House,  1800, 
148.  Byronic  statue  in  Fleet  Street,  107. 
Dickens's  topographical  slips,  136,  222.  Early 
London  Orphan  Asylum,  204.  Ford  (William 
Simpson),  of  Holywell  Street,  125.  Literature 
and  Iconography  of  London  Peace  Celebrations, 
175,  213,  315.  Little  Montague  Court,  Little 
Britain,  118.  London-Paris  Airship,  1835,  58. 
Morland  Gallery,  69.  Parker  (T.)  etchings,  183. 
Phillips  (Sir  Richard),  232.  Simco's  '  Middlesex 
Monuments,'  294.  State  Coach,  288.  Symmons 
(J.),  print  collector,  265.  Temple  Bar,  its  icono- 
graphy, 253.  Thames  tunnels  bibliography,  181 
Ackermann  (A.  S.  E.)  on  bats  entangled  in  hair, 
210.  Definition  of  an  ambassador,  210.  Folk-lore, 
red  hair,  194.  Hedgehogs  sucking  cow's  milk, 
160.  Popular  fallacies,  210.  Wild  birds  poison- 
ing captive  birds,  210.  "  Yellow  peril  "  and 
"  Gaspers,"  159 
Adams  (James  Goldsworthy)  on  Goldsworthy  as  a 

place-name,  39 

Aegeria  on  nuncupative  wills,  265 
Aitken  (A.  J.  C.)  on  "  rumble  "  and  "  sweating," 

79 

Alford  (Canon  J.  G.)  on  old  Bristol  wills,  122 
Andrews  (J.  T.)  on  Byron's  '  Don  Juan,'  cantos 

17  and  18,  179 

Anscombe  (Alfred)  on  origin  of  name  Rutter,  7 
Anstey  (Miss  L.  M-)  a  reverie  in  Old  Ratcliffe,  214 
Arbuthnot  (Mrs  A.  J.)  on  Coorg  state  princess,  296 
Stuart  (Prince  James  Francis  Edward),  his  title, 
321 

Ardagh  (J.)  on  Alexander,  merchant  in  Athlone, 
292.  "  As  dead  as  a  door-nail,"  266.  Biblio- 
graphy of  epitaphs,  274.  Bibliography  of  Irish 
county  and  town  histories,  147.  Defoe's 
knowledge  of  Alexander  Selkirk,  177.  Dickens's 
topographical  slips,  250.  Hengler  family,  76. 


Ardagh  (J.)  on 

Hooker's  (Richard)  bust,  152.    Labour-in-Vain, 
street-name,  123.    Plane  trees  in  London,  205, 
Lumber  Troop,  Fetter  Lane,  306.  Lyall's  (Edna, 
grave,  94.     St.  Clement  as  patron  saint,  110) 
Snodgrass  surname,  65.    Statues  and  memorials 
in  the  British  Isles,  259.      "  Tales  about  Old 
London,"  123.    Three  Cripples  tavern  in  *  Oliver 
Twist,'  292.   Tolls  at  Metal-bridge,  Dublin,  159. 
Tombstone  in  tree  at  Badulla,  37 
Armitage  (F.)  on  author  of  anthem  wanted,  291 
Armstrong   (T.   Percy)   on   "  Man  proposes,   God 
disposes,"  232.     Mercury  drawn  by  two  cocks, 
164.   St.  Alkelda,  191.   St.  John   Baptist  heads, 
276.     "  Scum  of  democracy,"  210 
Artemisia  on  exchange  of  souls  in  fiction,  124 
Austin  (Roland)  on  author  of  quotations  wanted, 
295.    Main  (David  M.)  and  the  English  sonnet, 
236 
Aver  (W.)  on  Anguish  Street  and  "  Scores,"  194 


B 


B.  6n  Blackstone  the  regicide,  291.    John  Bell  of 

Scarborough,  291.    Simplon  Tunnel,  237.    The 

Knight's  Tour  in  Chess,  92 
B.  (C.  C.)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs,  130.  Changes 

in  accentuation  in  "  New  English  Dictionary," 

137.    Crow- fig  (nux  vomica),  14.    Maw  family, 

75.   Rain  and  mowing,  81.  Toad-juice,  103 
B.  (E.  F.)  on  Col.  Colquhoun  Grant*  54 
B.  (E.  S.)  on  "  pannag,"  its  meaning,  294 
B.  (G.  F.  R.)  on  Alleynes  or  Aliens,  291.     Blake 

(Robert),   81.      Desaguliers   (Rev.   John   Theo- 

philus).  318.  Heton  (Martin),  Bishop  of  Ely,  69. 

Hyde    (Edward),    D.D.,    Royalist    divine,    69. 

Lowndes,  208.    Lowthers,  96.    Mackworths,  96. 

Marshalls,  208.      Martins,  236.      Maules,   236. 

Maurices,  266.     Mays,  123.     Neate  family,  13. 

Newmans,    13.      Newtons,    41.      Smales,    321. 

Stanhopes,  152.    Wyborne  family,  81 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


AUTHORS'   INDEX. 


357 


B.  (H.  C.)  on  Col.  Barnard,  1778,  238 

B.  (H.  W.)  on  Kleinschmidt  (J.  J.),  295.  "  Now 
then  !  "  .  295  Wilson  (Major),  321 

B.  (J.  P.)  on  Richard  Baxter's  family,  66 

B.  (B.)  on  Duncombe's  (Sir  Sanders)  powder,  14. 
"  Romer  "  months,  150 

B.  (R.  S.)  on  Bluecoat  School  at  Warrington,  159. 
"  Heater-shaped,"  22.  Meaning  of  "  Penniles 
Bench,"  126 

B.  (T.  K.  E.)  on  custom  connected  with  school 
prize  compositions,  70 

B — d  on  Thomas  Greenwell,  294 

B — n  (A.)  on  Cheveley  and  Tudgay,  painters, 
68 

Baddeley  (St.  Clair)  on  De  Miners  family,  16, 
170.  Henry  I.'s  Gloucester  Charter,  16,  74,  101. 
Roger de  Gloucester,  17.  Shrapnel  ( Win.  Fisher), 
F.S.A.,  67 

Baker  (H.  R.  Popham),  M.R.C.S.,  L.R.C.P.,  on 
Barr  family  arms,  153.  Bartlett  (Rev.  William), 
125.  Earls  of  Kilmorey  and  theBagnal  family, 
176,  Harrison  (Dr.  Thomas)  of  Bath,  125 

Baldock  (Major  G.  Yarrow),  on  Rev.  Thomas 
Hugo,  248 

Balfe  (M.)  on  rede-birds,  329 

Barnard  (Geo.  W.  G.)  on  Society  for  Preserving 
the  Memorials  of  the  Dead,  249 

Barnard  (H.  C.)  on  Barnard  or  Bernard  family, 
68,  182.  Haggatt  (John),  68.  Taylor  (Harry)  of 
Lending,  319 

Barns  (Stephen  J.)  on  epitaph  to  slave  in  Essex, 
26.  Foundling  entries  in  Parish  Registers,  71 

Barrule  on  Mind,  memory  and  understanding, 
formula,  207 

Barry  (L.  C.)  on  Cantrell  family,  291 

Bayley  (A.  R.)  on  the  French  national  emblem, 
131.  King  rescued  by  dogs,  317.  Odessa  in 
Roman  times,  137 

Beard  (Charles)  on  Edward  III.'s  oath  of  fealty 
for  Guienne,  9.  Ripon  spurs,  119.  Spurriers' 
terms,  42 

Beddows  (H.  T.)  on  foundling  entries  in  parish 
registers,  72 

Bell  (Alexander)  on  the  Anglo-French  "  de 
Sanctis,"  281 

Bennitt  (Mrs.  S.)  on  Brooke  Robinson  of  Dudley, 
97 

Bensly  (Prof.  Edward)  on  Aristotle  on  the  Greek 
Temperament,  22.  Authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  26,  83,  139.  Bird-scaring  songs,  132. 

l  Browne  (Sir  Thomas)  confused  with  Thomas 
Brown  (1663-1704),  6.  Byron's  bust  at  Oxford, 
163.  "  Drink  by  word  of  mouth,"  330.  Emer- 
son's '  English  Traits,'  302.  Epictetus  in 
*  Anthologia  Grseca  '  of  Johnson,  49.  An  Exeter 
cathedral  epitaph,  241, 273.  "  Gamp  "  as  adjec- 
tive, 333.  Gender  of  '  dish  '  hi  Latin,  300. 

,  Gibbon's  prophecy  about  '  Tom  Jones,'  303. 
Griffiths  (Ralph),  307.  Henry  de  Langenstein 

!     and  Henry  de  Hoyta,  298.    Inscriptions  in   St. 

;     John  the  Evangelist's,   Waterloo  Road,  135. 

!  Johnson  (Samuel)  and  Ben  Jonson,  103.  "  Lam- 
bendo  effingere,"  "Lick  into  shape,"  129.  The 
longest  ^bowshot,  278.  "  Nablette  "  and 
"  Bontefeu,"  108.  Missel  thrush  and  mistletoe 
seeds,  165.  "  Nos  habitat,  non  tartara."  source  of , 
119.  The  Pope's  crosier,  24.  Prudentius's 
'  Psychomachia,'  75.  Sol  as  a  woman's  name  in 
England,  21.  "  Three  Black  Crows,"  its  author- 
ship, 160.  "  Tragedy  of  Nero  "  and  '  Piso's  Con- 
spiracy.' 323.  "  Vestis  Adriatica,'  92.  West- 
minster Hall  roof,  157.  "  When  you  die  of  old 
age,  &c."  325. 


Benson  (W.  K.)  on  the  Homes  of  Foulshotlaw  and 

Janet  Dickson,  10.    Kinghorn  of  Fireburnmill, 

near  Coldstream,  10 

Bere  (Charles)  on  "  Hell  for  leather,"  5 
Bernau  (Chas.  A.)  on  Norfolk  manuscripts  sold, 

182 
Berry    (Oscar),    F.C.A.,    C.C.,    on    John    Wilson, 

bookseller,  277 
Bland  (F.  M.)  on  Campbell's  (Sir  Gilbert)  poems, 

238.    Richenda,  Christian  name,  237 
Bloom   (J.   Harvey)   on  bird-scaring    songs,   160. 

Brewing  rimes,   209.      Grim   or   Grime,   place- 
name,  137.     Heavitree,  co.  Devon,  1553-1653, 

93.    A  letter  of  Warwick  the  Kingmaker,  120. 

Mothering  Sunday    at    Bewdley,    65.      Orling- 

bury  family,  14.    Portraits  on  gravestones,  306.  - 

Quarrymen's  terms,  289.     Shield  of  Flanders, 

323.   Trousered  piano  legs,  301.    "When  you  die 

of  old  age,  &c.",  325 
Bottom  (R.  H.  B.)  on  Arnold's  (W.  H.)  identity, 

166.    "  Pro  pelle  cutem,"  164 
Bowes  (Arthur)  on  merchant  marks,  23 
Bracey  (F.R.)  on  an  error  in  Bosweirs,  '  Johnson,* 

176 
Brabrook  (E.)  on  Shakespeare   and  the   garden,  . 

306 
Bradbury  (F.)  on  "  Argyles  "  or  gravy  pots,  219, 

248.     Crest  on  church  plate,  50.  Paten  used  aa 

salver,  50 

Bradstow,  enquiry  about  Niccolo  da  Uzzano,  11 
Brandreth    (Henry   Samuel)   on   French    political  ' 

saying,  69 
Bridge  (Dr.  Joseph  C.)  on  Considine's  (Capt.  Wm.), 

memorial   at   Chester,    261.      Cowap   surname, 

272 
Broadwood   (Lucy   E.)   on  the  song   "  The  Poor 

Thresher,"   108 
Brown  (John  W.)  on  foundling  entries  hi  parish 

registers,  72.    The  knight's  tour  in  chess,  136, 

325 
Brown    (William)    on    David,    "  Episcopus    Re- 

creensis,"  238 
Bulloch  (J.  M.)  on  Dillon,  (Chevalier  Peter),  206. 

Epitaph  to  the  introducer  of  superphosphates, .. 

289.      First  American   soldiers  to   fall  in  war 

(1914-18),  36.   "  Handwriting  "  as  surname,  93. 

Pseudonyms,  329.     Scripps  (James  Edmund), - 

65 
Burnham  (M.)  on  title  of  book  wanted,  267 


C.  (C.  A.  )  on  Sir  Charles  William  Taylor,  Bt., 
153 

C.  (E.  G.)  on  a  Byronic  statue  in  Fleet  Street,  82. 
"  Why  don't  they  eat  cake  ?  "  53 

C.  (H.)  "  Crest,"  a  measure,  69.  Fleete  (William) 
of  Selworthy,  74.  "  Hedsilver,"  "  Drofsilver," 
"  Drofcourt  "  and  "  Perksilver,"  313.  Hoorde 
(William),  241.  Warnford  (Richard),  324 

C.  (W.  A.  B.)  on  David,  "  Episcopus  Recreensis,' 
326.  "  Deacon  in  love,"  219.  Fifteenth  century 
bishops,  273.  Hooker's  (Richard)  bust,  306. 
Jenner  family,  245.  Lakes  Pascholler  and  Ca- 
lendari,  61.  Richard  I.'s  captivity,  77.  West- 
country  priests  executed  in  1548,  131 

C— n  (H.)  on  "  Boche  "  and  "Snob,"  182.  Mal- 
vern  Priory  tombstone  inscription,  267 

Canavan  (M.  J.)  on  Thomas  Shepard,  271 


358 


AUTHORS'    INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


Oantwell  (E.  J.)  on  Cantwell  family  in  Ireland,  68 

Chambers  (L.  H.)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs,  129, 
192.  Hampshire  church  bells,  304.  Legh  (Lady 
Margaret),  53 

Oheetham  (F.  H.)  on  Tenner  statue  at  Boulogne, 
288.  Louis  XVIII.  monument  at  Calais,  288 

Ghew  (Prof.  Samuel  C.)  on  Byron  Apocrypha, 
113,  143.  Byron  in  fiction,  80 

Ohope  (R.  Pearse)  on  Aragonise,  a  knight  so-called, 
26.  Captor  and  his  captive's  arms,  26.  Found- 
ling entries  in  parish  registers,  72.  Goldsworthy 
place-name,  79.  Rain  and  mowing,  81 

Ohurchill  (William)  on  Tonga  seal  inscription, 
64 

Chute  (W.  M.)  on  back-magazine  dealers,  104 

Clarke  (Cecil)  on  "  camouflage,"  79.  "  TrOuncer," 
131 

Clarke  (G.  H.)  on  Fleet  Street  statue,  40 

Clay  (Charles)  on  Sir  Thomas  Colby's  family, 
180 

Clinton  (W.  Willis)  on  "  Xit  "  's  identity,  295 

Clippingdale  (S.  D.)»  M.D.,  on  Cockle  (James)  of 
Cockle's  Pills,  190 

Cocks  (Oswald)  on  '  Hamlet,'  Act  I.,  sc.  iv., 
36-8,  115 

Collins  (E.)  on  translation  of  La  Cour  on  windmill 
power,  103 

Compston  (Rev.  H.  F.  B.)  Bredwardine  and  Bro- 
bury  incumbents,  200.  Aubrey  (Rev.  Thomas), 
290 

Cook  (C.  A.)  on  holly  and  mirth,  319 

Cope  (Mrs.  E.  E.)  on  Aldersons,  glass-makers,  152. 
Berkshire  tombstone  inscriptions,  182.  Cope 
(William),  294.  Hampshire  field-names,  328. 
Hore,  artist,  208.  "  The  Moat  Island,"  278. 
Morland  family,  193.  Nicholson  (General  John), 
180.  Oldfield  (John),  died  1762,  235.  Puleston 
family  of  Gresford  and  Hants,  124.  Robertson, 
miniaturist,  279 

•  Cornford  (Miss  M.  E.)  on  Earth  and  Birth  place- 
names,    271.       Dyer's    (George)    portrait,    275. 
Gavelacre  as  place-name,  332.  "  Get  the  needle," 
194 
Crafts  (William  Francis)  on  Thames  tunnels,  297. 

'  The  Village  Blacksmith,'  299 
Crawford  (O.  G.  S.)  on  "  Horseleperde,"  320 
Creswell  (P.  T.)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted, 

322 

Cross-Crosslet  on  Tynte  (Mary  Waters,  Lady),  76 
Crosse  (A.  T.)  on  Capt.  B.  Grant,  238 
Crosse'(  Gordon)  on  William  Peer,  said  to  be  an 

actor,  263 
Cunningham    (R.   A.)   on   Mr.   Justice   Maule   on 

bigamy  and  divorce,  129 
Curator     of     Walden     Museum     on     Hay  ward's 

'  Survey  of  Walden,'  94 

Currier  (T.  Franklin)  on  Knox's  '  Spirit  of  Despot- 
ism,' 176 

.Cyril  on  anecdote  of  Judges'  level,  7 


D.    (C.    V.)    on    author    of    quotation    wanted 

127.     '  Three  Black  Crows,'  123 
D.  (H.)  on  Richard  Snow,  125 
D.  (H.  R.)  on  '  Hamlet,'  Act  I.,  sc.  iv.,  36-8,  5 
B.  (J.  L.)  on  Daggle  Mop,  293 
.D.  (T.  F.)  on  Dessin's  Hotel,  Calais,  21 


Davey  (H.)  Shakespeare  emendations,  202 
Davies  (Charles  Llewelyn)  on  "  John  Robertson,'* 

pseudonym,    49.       Napoleon    and    Lord    John 

Russell,  82 

Davis  (Henry  T.)  on  old  tobacco  pipes,  210 
Daymond  (Miss  Emily)  on   author  of   quotation 

wanted  322 
de   Castro    (J.   Paul)   on   Fielding   (Henry)   as   a 

publicist,  284.    Griffith  (Ralph),  279.    Swift  and 

Walpole,  262.    Swift's  description  of  Mrs.  Old- 
field,  230 

del  Court  (W.)  on  Amos  Russel  of  Lincoln,  317 
Denman     (Arthur),     F.S.A.,    on     Tilly     Kettle, 

221 
Denman  (Edward)  on  '  The  Village  Blacksmith,' 

299 
Denton  (George)  on  Jack  Straw  and  Wat  Tyler, 

217 

Dobson  (Austin)  on  John  Wilson's  motto,  297 
Dodds  (M.  H.)  on  St.  Alkelda,  191 
Dodson  (Wm.  M.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

183.    Books  on  old  stained  glass,  70 
Doran  (Alban)  on  '  Marlipins,'  123 
Doyle    (C.  F.)   on   Penrhyn  Devil  as   a  knocker, 

10. 
Drury    (Charles)    on     Hoole    (John),    poet,  327. 

Stewart  (Hon.  Lieut.  George),  12 
Duff    (L.)    on    Gibbon's    prophecy    about    *  Tom 

Jones,'  327 

Dunlop   (G.  A.)  on   "Fish -yard,"   its  meaning, 
181 


Eagle  (R.  L.)  on  the  germ  of  Malvolis,  115 
Eden  (F.  Sydney)  on  Charles  Cooke,  bookseller, 

210 
Edwards    (Frederick  A.)    on   the   land    of  Punt, 

149 
Edwards  (Howard)  on  a  portrait  of  *  Mr.  Howard,' 

222 

Eldridge  ( J.  M.)  on  Blackwell  Hall  Factor,  266 
Elias   (W.   P.)   on  Good   Friday   Pleasure  Fairs, 

124 
Ellis  (H.  D.)  on  Latin  version  of  "  Oh,  dear  !  What 

can  the  matter  be  ?  "  133 
Emeritus  on  a  strange  tale  of  a  Coorg  princess, 

264 

Elmes  (E.  H.)  on  Elmes  family,  320 
Esposito  (M.)  on  an  early  Italian  map  of  Ireland, 

120 


F.  (E.  W.  H.)  on  missing  Philleigh  parish  register, 
292.  Nepean  (Henry)  of  Launceston,  292 

F.  (I.)  on  Lieut.-General  Sharpe,  321 

F.  (J.)  on  Church  briefs,  294 

F.  (J.  S.)  on  "  Jur  de  la  vile  "  and  borough 
courts,  39 

F.  (J.  T.)  on  astertion  flowers,  302.  Christmas 
verses  at  Sheffield,  82.  '  Deacon  in  love,'  159. 
"  Finkle,"  street  name,  69.  «  Fish-yard,'  its 
meaning,  216.  Grim  or  Grime,  place-name,  137. 
A  persistent  error,  315.  "  Pro  pelle  cutem," 
132.  "  Rain  cats  and  dogs,"  108.  St.  Trun- 
nion's identity,  7.  Vinegar  on  nitre,  205 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


AUTHORS'    INDEX. 


359 


F.  (J.  W.)  on  American  Church  of  England 
Bishops,  264.  Beaconsfield  (Earl  of)  on  Glad- 
stone, 11.  Blake  (Robert)  at  Westminster 
School,  41.  Dawson  (Bishop)  of  Clonfert,  188. 
Fifteenth  century  bishops,  161.  Foster's 
(Joseph)  "  Index  Ecclesiasticus,"  11.  Fund  for 
Preserving  the  Memorials  of  the  Dead  in  Ireland, 
183.  Guy  (Rev.  Henry),  Chaplain  to  King 
Charles  II.,  124.  Gravestone  portraits,  250. 
Registers  and  epitaphs  of  English  at  Boulogne, 
181.  St.  Alkelda,  152.  St.  Bees'  College  alumni, 
11.  Society  for  Preserving  the  Memorials  of  the 
Dead,  183.  Winter  (John),  dial-maker,  124 

Fairbrother  (Miss  E.  H.)  on  the  letters  of  prisoners 
of  war,  1758,  6.  Sykes  (John),  Nelson's  coxs- 
wain, 257 

Fauteux  (A.)  on  Margaret  Hamilton's  history, 
289 

Fawcett  ( J.  W.)  Australian  memorial  inscriptions  : 
IV.,  St.  James's  Church,  Sydney,  174.  Biblio- 
graphy of  epitaphs,  68.  Bishop  of  Sorron,  331. 
Christmas  verses  at  Sheffield,1 110.  Cragg  family, 
130.  Craggs  and  Nicholson  families,  21,  130. 
"  Daverdy,"  166.  Dtfuble  Christian  names,  289. 
An  eighteenth  century  animal-lover's  epitaph, 
290.  Finkle  Street,  279.  Grim  or  Grime  in  place- 
names,  245,  328.  Kent  family,  186.  Medop, 
persons  of  that  name,  138.  Mews  or  Mewys 
family,  163.  Morbus  Anglicus,  180.  North  of 
England,  317.  Rain  and  mowing,  106.  Scottish 
University  Graduates,  lists,  39.  "  Si  quis  forte 
rogat,"  94.  Somerset  incumbents,  153.  Stewart, 
(Hon.  Lieut.  George),  159.  "  Straitsman  "  class 
of  ship,  128.  Sydney  monuments,  177.  Tobacco 
pipes,  303.  Todd  (Anthony),  104,  326.  West- 
garth,  inventor,  273.  Wright  (A.  B.),  local 
historian  and  actor,  109 

Fay  (C.  R.),  M.A.,  on  '  Cobden  :  a  Bagman,'  291. 
"  Peterloo,"  291 

Fenwick  (G.)  on  R.  S.  Surtees,  122 

Field  house  (W.  J.)  on  supposed  seal  of  Henley-in- 
Arden,  96 

Finlay  (E.  C.)  on  Durrow  Castle,  180.  Nicholson 
(Wm.)  of  Dublin,  98.  Proctor  family  of  Dublin, 
98.  Stoyte  family,  152 

Firebrace  (Capt.  C.  W.),  on  Emerson's  *  English 
Traits,'  275.  Peat  (Rev.  Sir  Robert),  23 

Fiske  (Samuel)  on  Stags  and  eglantyne  ;  Eliza- 
bethan Court  story,  99 

Fletcher  (Rev.  Jas.  M.  J.)  on  bluecoat  school  at 
Wolverhampton,  158.  Good  Friday  Pleasure 
Fairs,  163 

Fletcher  (Rev.  R.)  on  Emerson's  '  English  Traits,' 
234 

Fletcher  (Rev.  W.  G.  D.),  F.S.A.,  on  Aldelima, 
its  locality,  96.  Baxter  (Richard),  130.  Bluecoat 
school  at  Bromsgrove,  218.  Origin  of  a  gilt 
wand,  137.  Robinson  (Brooke  )  of  Dudley, 
130 

Flint  (Thomas)  on  Carlyle  on  the  constellations, 
150 

Forman  (W.  Courthope)  on  Dickens's  topogra- 
phical slips,  187.  Hawkins's  (Wm.)  marriage 
to  Anne  Walton,  319 

Franck  (Charles  E.)  on  a  miniature  man-of-war, 
319 

Free  (Rev.  Richard)  on  Birth  and  Barth  place- 
names,  238.  Fleet  Prison  records,  266 

Freeman  (J.  J.)  on  "  bully  "  in  Coleridge,  69. 
"  Cellarius,"  a  dance,  319.  "  Daverdy  "  and 
"  pipchinesque,"  11 

Fuller  (J.  F.),  F.S.A.,  on  Markshall  and  the  Fuller 
family,  8,  132 


Fynmore  (A.  H.  W.)  on  Boulogne  :  registers  and 
epitaphs,  223  !l' 

Fynmore  (Col.  R.  J.)  on  bluecoat  school  at  Read- 
ing, 159.  Burrell  (William),  centenarian,  12. 

.  Fenner  family,  181.  Jenner  family,  149.  Master 
Gunner,  277.  Medop  or  Medhop,  persons  of  the 
name,  138.  "  Penniles  Bench,"  163.  Pragell 
family,  42.  Raleigh  (Sir  W.)  and  Queen  Eliza- 
beth, 96.  St.  Trunnion's  identity,  54.  Shrapnel 
(William  Fisher),  F.S.A.,  132.  A  Walton  relic, 
121 


G 


G.  on  "  astertion  "  flowers,  267 

G.  (C.)  on  East  Anglian  characters,  246.  "  Gypos  '* 

and  "  poultice  wallah,"  79 
G.  (D.  L.)  on  Heraldic  :   Captor  and  his  Captive's 

arms,  133 

G.  (E.  W.),  R.A.F.,  on  "  Dinkum,"  79 
Galbraith   (Miss   Gwen)   on   author  of   quotation 

wanted,  239 
Garlick  (E.  A.)  on  original  '  Village  Blacksmith  * 

shop,  211 
Giles  (Haydn  T.)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs,  274. 

Vicars  of  St.  Hilda's,  South  Shields,  70 
Gladstone   (Hugh  S.)  on  the  breeding  of  wood- 
cocks, 319.    Gladstone  (W.  E.)  on  Dante,  122. 

The  longest  bowshot,  220 
Glassby  (W.)  on  Wayte  family,  154 
Glenny  (W.  W.)  on  "  Drink  by  word  of  mouth," 

136.     Seven  Kings,  place-name,  272.     "When 

you  die  of  old  age  I  shall  quake  for  fear,"  235 
Gray  (H.  St.   George)  on  Somerset  incumbents, 

245 

Gray  (W.  M.)  on  William  Anderson,  artist,  209 
Grime   (R.)   on  metempsychosis  in   fiction,   334. 

Portraits  on  gravestones,  330 
Groth  (Christian  E.  P.),  M.A.  (Camb.)  on  "  Rain 

cats  and  dogs,"  326.   Royal  Antediluvian  Order 

of  Buffaloes,  276 

Grundy  (G.  B.)  on  Hampshire  field-names,  208 
Guiney  (Miss  L.  I.)  on  lines  under  a  crucifix,  19, 

135.    Poem  to  Prince  Charles  Edward  Stuart, 

97 

Gurney  (J.  H.)  on  "  Bayninge  "  and  "  Blankett," 
§e  125.    '  Hawks  '  to  catch  salmon,  67 


H 


H.  (A.  C.)    on   Whistler's   connection   with   Rev. 
Ambrose  Staveley,  Samuel  Cooper  and  Alexan- 
der Pope  70 
H.  (C.  W.  B.)  on  handwriting  of   Charles  Powell 

the  dramatist,  11 
H.  ( J.)  on  two  war  poems,  317 
H.  (J.  J.)  on  Edward  Hyde,  D.D.,  104 
H.  (J-  R.)  on  Anguish  Street,  122.    Authorship  of 
'  Singeing  the  King  of  Spain's  beard,'  51.  Back- 
magazine    dealers,    104.       Boyer   family,    294. 
"  Camouflage,"     108.         Emerson's     '  English 
Traits,'  327.     "  Get  the  needle,"  151.    History 
of  military  tanks,  36.    "  Perversity  of  inanimate 
objects,"  126.  Pre-Raphaelite  stained  glass,  74.- 
"  Rough  "   as  house-name,   97.      "  Tamasha," 
178.    "  Top-hole,"  "  topping,"  233.    War  slang,- 
79 


360 


AUTHORS'    INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


.H.  (B.)  on  Mrs.  Anne  Button's  history  and  bible, 
247 

H.  (R.  G.)  on  Euler's  prediction  of  the  end  of  the 
world,  42 

H.  (B.  M.)  on  Sir  A.  B.  Macdonell's  duel  with' 
Norman  Macleod,  9 

U.  (S.  H.  A.)  on  Cramartie  (Hector  Theophilus), 
327.  Names  Hervey  and  Hervit,  95,  189, 
306 

H.  (W.)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,  322 

H.  (W.  B.)  on  "  As  jolly  as  sandboys,"  279. 
Author  of  quotations  wanted,  70.  Author  of 
"  Bambles  around  Nottingham,"  139.  Author- 
ship of  Jowett  epigram,  288.  Beaconsfield 
(Earl  of)  :  birthplace,  204  ;  his  horoscope, 
11  ;  pension  to  Tupper,  11.  Bibliography  of 
epitaphs,  162,  192,  274.  Blue  eye  of  Ancient 
Order  of  Foresters,  22.  Bluecoat  Schools, 
218.  Sorrow's  mention  of  Lieut.  Parry, 
333.  Byron's  '  Don  Juan,'  240.  "  The 
Derby  Blues,"  138.  Edward  the  Confessor's 
crown,  327.  Elliston's  (B.  W.)  place  of  educa- 
tion, 250.  Leicestershire  street-names,  317. 
"  Let  the  weakest  go  to  the  wall,"  177.  London- 
Paris  Airship,  1835,  107.  Maule  (Mr.  Justice), 
64.  Maules  at  Westminster  School,  323.  Mays 
-at  Westminster  School,  164.  Middleton 
(Empson  Edward),  8.  The  Million  Bank,  181. 
Morland  Gallery,  132.  Parry  (Lieut.)  in  Sorrow's 
works,  95.  Peat  (Bev.  Sir  Bobert),  23.  Pidgeon 
(H.  C.)  130.  Place  (Francis),  233.  Planting 
graves  with  flowers,  15.  Straw's  (Jack)  fate, 
153.  Surtees  (B.  S.),  305.  Williams  (Miss  Helen 
Maria),  244.  Wills  (William  Henry)  and  Dr. 
Dodd,  124 

H.  (W.  S.  B.)  on  Churches  used  for  elections, 
162.  Preservation  of  Parliamentary  Papers, 
41 

Haines  (C.  B.)  on  Shakespeare  signatures,  207 

Hall  (H.  I.)  on 'Heraldic  :  changes  in  the  shield  of 
Flanders,  238 

Harford  (Frederic  D.)  on  "  Bain  cats  and  dogs," 
166 

Hargrave  (H.)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted, 
239 

Harrnatopagos  on  James  Cockle  of  Cockle's  Pills, - 
154 

Harrison  (Alfred  Allen)  on  Edward  Allen,  painter 
and  engraver,  126 

Harrison  (H.  G.)  on  Boyle's  (Capt.  Bobert) 
Voyages,  329.  Cantrell  family,  332.  Church 
Briefs,  331 

Hart  (H.  P.)  on  Cistercian  Order  in  England, 
320 

Harting  (Hugh)  on  Daudet's  '  Jack,'  illustrated 
by  Myrbach,  219 

Harting  (J.  E.)  on  birds  poisoning  captive  young, 
273.  Devonian  priest  executed,  1548-9,  243. 
Legends  about  hedgehogs,  304.  Master  gunners 
213.  '  Mazonomus,"  301.  Pitt  and  Dundas  at 
New  Cross,  195.  Shakespeare  and  the  garden, 
193 

Haswell  (Geo.  W.)  on  foundling  entries  in  parish 
registers,  72 

Heaps  (Bichard)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted, 
268 

Henchman  (Bev.  Humphrey  Llewellyn)  on  Hench- 
man, Hensman,  Hinchman  or  Hitchman  family, 

loo 

Hersey  (C.   J.)   on  river-bed  behind  Devonshire 

House,  288 
Higham  (Charles)  on  Joseph  Clover  of  Norwich, 

11 


Hill  (N.  W.)  on  Aldridge  (Ida  P.),  negro  actor, 
263.  The  ant-bear  and  the  tortoise,  193.  Blue- 
coat  school  costume,  219.  Boumphrey  family, 
138.  Cromwell  (Ensign  Oliver)  and  Cromwell 
Price,  331.  Crowther  and  other  names,  325. 
Edward  III.'s  oath  of  fealty  for  Guienne,  160. 
Elephant  and  Oliphant,  301.  Elsinore  (in 
Denmark),  8.  Emerson's  '  English  Traits,'  302. 
Foch's  (Marshal)  surname,  203.  Grim  or  Grime 
in  place-names,  160.  Gunnersbury  and  Buislip, 
231.  '  Hamlet,'  Act  I.,  sc.  iv.,  36-8,  5.  Hens- 
lowe  and  Ben  Jonson,  81.  Hervey  or  Hervet, 
personal  name,  167,  246.  Icke  family,  24. 
"  Macaroni,"  origin  of  word,  159.  Pragell, 
family  name,  139.  Bede-birds,  329.  Bichard 
I.'s  captivity,  21.  Bichenda,  Christian  name, 
324.  "  Bough  "  as  house  name,  164.  Souls 
exchanged  in  fiction,  191.  "  Straitsman,"  class 
of  ship,  128.  Wilson's  (President)  ancestors, 
51,  306 

Hirst  (W.  A.)  on  Grim  or  Grime,  in  place-names, 
95.  Characters  in  Thackeray's  "  Newcomes," 
14 

Hodgson  (J.  C.)  on  Andrew  B.  Wright,  historian 
and  actor,  14 

Hodgson  (B.  K.)  on  Gavelacre,  place-name,  295 

Hodson  (Leonard  J.)  on  Queen  Anne  and  the 
Sovereign's  Veto,  156 

Hogg  (B.  M.)  on  "  Score  "  as  street-name,  165. 
W.  H.  Arnold,  126 

Hommell  (B.  P.)  on  '  The  Moat  Island,'  engraving, 
238 

Hooper  (Wilfrid)  on  Joseph  Hill,  258 

Hooper  (Bev.  Willmore)  on  Thomas  Shepard, 
179 

Hubbard  (George)  on  J.  Perey,  artist,  150 

Hudson  (J.)  on  classical  parallelisms  to  the  war, 
57 

Hughes  (Lewis)  on  Aaron  Hugh,  innkeeper,  126 

Hulme  (E.  Wyndham)  on  Aliens  in  Maidstone  in 
1567,  169 

Hutchison  (W.  A.)  on  the  Ainslie  Bond,  80.  Author 
of  quotation  wanted,  334.  Jack  Straw  and  Wat 
Tyler,  217 

Hytch  (F.  J.)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs,  162 


Ingleby    (Clement),     Maj.,    R.A.F.,   on     Deering 

(George),  319.  Descendants  of  Edward  Ingleby, 

40 
Inglis  (John  A.)  on  Col.  A.  B.  Macdonell's  duel 

with  Norman  Macleod,  43 
Inquirer  (3)  on  Louisa  spelt  Leweezer,  237 
Inverslaney    on    recognition    of    Scottish    chiefs, 

9 
Irwin  (Sir  Alfred)  on  Bulteel,  Carrique,  Haynes 

and  Swanne  marriages,  316.     Twining-Haynes 

marriage,  c.  1808,  238 


J.  (G.),  F.S.A.,  on  the  Greek  flag,  174 

J.|(G.  H.)  on  Creighton  on  history,  66.  Translation 

of  Virgil,  66 

J.  (J.)  on  "  Drink  by  word  of  mouth,"  98 
J.  (W.  C.)  on  curious  personal  names,  206 
J.  (W.  H.)  on  fable  of  countryman  and  field,  67 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


AUTHORS'    INDEX. 


361- 


Jaggard  (Wm.),  Capt.,  on  an  American  link  with 
Winchester,  206.  Aviation  in  XVIIIth  century, 
64.  Bluecoat  Schools,  159.  Derivation  of  names, 
326.  Early  reference  to  British  Navy,  6.  "  Get 
the  needle,"  194.  Giants'  names,  329.  Phila- 
delphian  link  with  London,  148.  Rime  about 
Dr.  Fell,  315.  Rime  of  East  Anglian  characters, 
178.  Shakespeare  and  the  garden,  193.  West- 
minster Hall  roof,  121.  Wilson's  (John)  motto, 
297 

Johnston  (G.  D.)  on  Manor  records,  244 

Johnson  (Gifford  H.)  on  authors  of  quotations 
wanted,  183 

Jones  (A.  D.)  on  misuse  of  "  up  "  and  "  down," 
262 

Jones  (E.  Alfred)  on  Newton  (G.  S.),  R.A.,  236. 
Use  of  salvers  and  patens,  50 

Jones  (T.  Llechid  Jones)  on  Fletcher  of  Madeley 
and  North  Wales,  320 


K.  (H.)  on  the  cock  as  French  national  emblem, 
131.  Henry  de  Langenstein,  299.  "  Tribion," 
French  neologism,  287 

K.  (J.)  on  classical  parallelism  to  the  war,  189. 
Exchange  of  souls  in  fiction,  246.  Finkle  Street, 
279.  "  Scores,"  279.  "  Thunder,"peculiar mean- 
ing, 181. 

K.  (J.)  (2)  on  author  of  book  wanted,  267 

K.  (L.  L.)  on  La  Cour  on  Danish  windmills,  103. 
St.  Cuthman,  77.  St.  Henry  the  Englishman, 
Finnish  bishop,  50.  Three  bishops  in  fifteenth 
century,  107 

Kaye  (F.  B.)  on  Bernard  de  Mandeville's  works, 
210 

Kealy  (Rev.  A.  G.)  Chaplain,  R.N.,  retired,  on 
the  chaplain  of  flagship  Constant  Reformation, 
10.  Four  gun  salute  at  officer's  burial  at  sea, 
106.  Kettle  (Tilly),  189 

Kellond  (Walter  M.)  on  Kellond  surname,  154 

Kent  (W.)  on  Queen  Anne's  exercise  of  Royal 
Veto,  95.  Browne  (Sir  Thomas)  and  Tom  Brown, 
110 

Knowles  (Sir  Lees)  on  St.  Helena  '  Life  of  Marl- 
borough,'  70.  "  We  Four  Fools,"  316 


L.  (F.  de  H.)  on  "  Apo chromatic,"  250.  Surtees 
(R.  S.),  245.  '  The  Village  Blacksmith's  '  shop, 
248 

L.  (G.  G.)  on  accentuation  changes  in  '  New 
English  Dictionary,'  166.  Elliston's  (R.  W.) 
place  of  education,  193.  Proclamation  stones, 
221.  Williams  (Miss  Helen  Maria),  244 

L.  (J.)  on  Arnold  (Matthew)  and  proving  a  nega- 
tive, 38.  Johnson  (Samuel)  confused  with  Ben 
Jonson,  38 

L.  (M.  N.)  on  Fielding  (Miss  Sarah)  at  Yew 
Cottage,  182 

Lambarde  (Brigadier-General  F.  F.)  on  Gavelacre 
as  place-name,  333 

Lampso  on  Odessa  in  Roman  times,  98 

Lane  (John)  on  Denis  (Sir  Peter),  206.  Tradesmen's 
cards  and  billheads,  317 

Jjangenfelt  (G.)  on  "  toponymies"  in  Great  Britain, 
290 


Lau-Dza  on  medieeval  immurement,  320 

Le  Couteur  (John  D.)  on  devils  blowing  horns  or* 
trumpets,    48.       Herodias    and    St.     John   the 
Baptist's  head,  67  p 

Leffmann  (Dr.  Henry)  on  "  standard  "  in  poem, 
238 

Leggatt  (E.   E.)   on  Newton   (G.  S.),   R.A.,  277. 
Shepherd  (George),  332 

Lewis  (Penry),  C.M.G.,  on  Lilliput  and  Gulliver,  . 
156.      Paget   (Sir   Edward),    126.      Tombstone 
inscription  at   Badulla,    78,  167 

Librarian  on  Charles  Morris  of  Portman  Square,  - 
330 

Lincoln  (C.)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,  295 

Lingwood  (H.  R.)  on  Clements  family,  126 

Littow  (E.)  on  Epictetus  in  Johnson's  'Anthologia  * 
Grseca,'  49 

Loane  (George  G.)  on  changes  of  accentuation  in 
"  N.E.D.",  105 

Love  (J.)  on  "  — ney  "  in  surnames,  290 

Lucas  (J.  Landfear)  on  Austrian  money  from  the 
London  Mint,  12.  Countless  Stones,  Aylesford, 
318.  The  Court  of  St.  James  in  diplomacy,  265. 
Cowap  surname,  206.  Elephant  and  OliphantT  - 
238.  The  French  national  emblem,  94.  Kettle 
(Tilly),  artist,  154.  Lombe  (Sir  John),  42, 
Marazion  place-name,  292.  Napoleon's  con- 
versation with  Lord  John  Russell,  12.  Rome- 
land,  St.  Albans,  294.  Washington's  (George) 
wealth,  94 

Luces  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,  268 

Luck  (M.)  on  Caractacus  and  the  Druids,  237 

Lumb  (G.  D.)  on  Todd   Anthony,  164 

Lupton  (E.  Basil)  on  'The  Village  Blacksmith,*" 
299 


M 


M.  on  epitaphs  to  slaves,  26.     A  gilt  wand,  97. 

Kellond  surname,  220.     Morris  (Charles),  330. 

Pre-Raphaelite  stained  glass,  74.    Pseudonyms, 

329 
M.  (A.)  on  the  Court  of  St.  James,  324.    Dehany 

family  and  Lord  John  Vaughan,  330 
M.  (R.)  on  Seven  Kings,  place-name,  210 
M.  (W.  J.)  on  metal  mortars,  256 
M.A.  on  May  family,  194.      John   Price,    clock- 
maker,  305.  "  Old  Lady  of  Threadneedle  Street,' 

302 
M.A.,  Oxon.,  on  Caractacus,  275.    Clarke  (Mary) 

of   New   York,    278.       '  Deacon    in   love,'    42. 

Martins  at  Westminster,  277 
M.D.,  E.E.F.,  on  manor  records,  182.    War  slang, 

195 
Me.  on  ancient  British  coins,  121.    Births  at  sea 

registered    at    Stepney,    261.        Official    peace 

rejoicings,    234.      Pyrgo   Park   and    Old    Bow 

Bridge,  229.     Raleigh's  (Sir  Walter)  birth  and 

history,  15,  51.    Reverie  in  Old  Ratcliffe,  171. 

Royal   Commission    on   Public    Records,    third 

report,  314.    Thames  peace  pageant,  1919,  197. 

Walthamstow's    Manor    House     and     Cogan's 

School,  286 
MacArthur  (William)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs, 

130.    '  Irrelagh,'  Irish  story,  139 
McCord  (David  Ross)  on  Bunnett  (Henry),  artist, 

66.     Cartwright  family,  97.     Danvers  family, 

320.    Palliser  (Capt.),  explorer,  123 


•362 


AUTHORS'    INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


HcDonnell  (Michael  F.  J.)  on  Elliston's  (B.  W.) 
place  of  education,  216.  Morlands  and  New- 
comes  at  Hackney  and  Bethnal  Green,  141. 
Wyborne  family,  49 

McGovern  (Rev.  J.  B.)  on  '  Albania,'  211.  Bor- 
row's  localities,  165.  Curious  Christian  epitaph, 
314.  Exchange  of  souls  in  fiction,  306.  '  Irre- 
lagh.'  Irish  story,  69,  105.  The  longest  bow- 
shot, 220.  "  Nunquam  minus  solus  quam  cum 
solus,"  38.  Southey's  contributions  to  '  Critical 
Review,'  187.  Statements  about  two  popes, 
266.  "  Wildering  "  and  "  wilding,"  98 

McGrigor  (G.  D.)  on  Lord  [John]  Vaughan,  268 

Maconchy  (Miss  A.  F.)  on  Heraldic  :  Woolmer 
House,  Bramshott,  180 

MacPhail  (D.)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
15 

MacPhail  (E.  Monteith)  on  "  Sons  of  Ichwe," 
48 

McPike  (Eugene  F.)  on  Flamsteed  (John)  and 
Dr.  Edmond'Halley,  64.  Stepney  (George)  at 
Vienna,  37.  Waddingham  family  of  Yorkshire, 
97 

MacSweeny  (J.  J.)  on  augury  in  Shakespeare,  5. 
'  St.  Stephen  and  Herod,'  315 

Magrath  (Dr.  John  R.)  on  pre-Raphaelite  stained 
glass,  105 

Malleson  (J.  P.)  on  Matthew  Arnold  and  "  Anglo- 
Saxon  contagion,"  38 

Marshall  (George)  on  the  Houghton  meeting,  250. 
Key  to  '  Trilby,'  245.  Leap  Year  :  lady's  offer 
of  marriage,  24.  A  maxim  of  Vauvenargues, 
105.  Panton  Street  Puppet  Show,  83.  Raleigh 
(Sir  Walter)  and  Queen  Elizabeth  at  Sandgate, 
273.  Straw  (Jack)  and  Wat  Tyler,  217.  Thac- 
keray's '  Newcomes,'  77.  Washington's  (George) 
wealth,  221 

Martin  (Edward  A.)  on  a  portrait  said  to  be  of 
Gilbert  White,  264. 

Maw  (Gerald  W.),  F.R.C.S.,  on  records  of  Maw 
family,  10 

Maxwell  (George)  on  '  Bertram  de  Bourne,'  318 

Maxwell  (Sir  Herbert)  on  '  Fish-yard,'  its  mean- 
ing, 216.  Origin  of  "  Querelle  d'Allemand,"  9. 
Plane  trees  in  London,  272.  St.  Trunnion's 
identity,  54.  Washington  (Henry),  290 

Maycock  (Sir  Willoughby)  on  "  Abanazar,"  106. 
Alabaculia,  name  of  racehorse,  163.  Houghton 
meeting,  154.  Macdonell's  (Col.  A.  R.)  duel 
with  Norman  Macleod,  43,  76.  "  Dinkum 
Shop,"  7.  Napoleon  I.  and  Lord  John  Russell, 
47.  Chesterfield  letters,  215.  "  Old  Lady  of 

;  !  Threadneedle  Street,"  302.  A  riddle  by  George 
Selwyn,  153.  Seven  Kings,  place-name,  249 

Menmuir  (Charles),  M.A.,  on  banknote  slang,  309 

Mercer  (H.  C.)  on  the  log  house,  320.  Thumb 
latch,  321 

Mew  (J.  H.  Lsthbridge)  on  John  Miers,  profilist, 
162 

Mildmay  (H.  A.  St.  J.),  Col.,  on  New  Chesterfield 
letters,  154 

Milner  (Rev.  A.  B.),  enquiry  about  Edmund 
Clerke,  clerk  of  the  Privy  Seal,  12 

Milward  (Graham)  on  Lucien  Bonaparte's  capti- 
vity in  England,  236 

Minakata  (Kumagusu)  on  the  ant-bear  and  the 
tortoise,  125.  Boys  born  in  May,  25.  Cutting, 
hair  to  prevent  stomach-ache,  138.  Early 
English  use  of  word  "  kimono,"  80.  Old  Chinese 
idea  of  submarines,  131 

Minchin  (Hamilton)  on  Diirer  and  Wilibald  Pirk- 
heimer,  231 


Mitford  (B.  R.)  on  Bannister  family  of  Antigua, 

152 
Moffat  (Alex  G.)  on  Grim  or  Grime  in  place-names, 

160.   St.  Alkelda,  her  name,  247.    Swin — swift 

(channel),  166 

Molloid  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,  322 
Moriarty  (L.  E.)  on  Master  Gunner's  status,  153 
Morgan   (F.   C.)   on   Charles   Morris  of  Portman 

square,  264 
Morley   (Christopher)    on    Dyer    (George)    (1755- 

1841),  237.    Wilson  (John),  bookseller,  237 
Morley    (Claude),    F.E.S.,    F.Z.S.,    on   hedgehogs 

sucking  milk,  105 

Maule  (Margaret  A.)  on  the  Feast  of  the  Assump- 
tion and  the  Sign  of  the  Cross,  236 
Murray  (John)  on  '  Adeste  Fideles,'  its  date,  292 


N 


N.  (G.  M.)  on  Devey  family,  95 

Nelson  (Philip),  M.D.,  on  St.  John  Baptisn  heads, 

209 
Newall  (George)  on  Aldelima,   1280,  157.     '  The 

Tragedy  of  Nero,'  and  '  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  299 
News  Reader  on  "  Abanazar,"  68 
Nicoll  (Allardyce),  M.A.,  on   "  Farewel    Folly " 

and  "  The  Amorous  Miser,"  plays,  310.  '  Tragedy 

of  Nero  '  and  '  Piso's  Conspiracy,'  254 
Noble  (Richmond)  on  '  Hamlet,'  Act  I.,  sc.  iv., 

36-8,  116 
Norman    (Philip)   on  Pitt  and   Dundas   at  New 

Cross,  151.     Raleigh's  (Sir  Walter)  connection 

with   East  London,    16.      Shepherd   (George), 

artist,  295 
North  (Miss  Mary)  on  Mrs.  Siddons'  descendants, 

318 
Novice  on  Capt.  Robert  Boyle,  294 


O'Brien  (George)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 
42.  Works  by  Henry  Langenstein  and  Henri cus 
de  Hoyta,  265 

Observer  on  Fellows  of  New  College,  Oxford,  118. 
Mills  at  Bransford,  Worcestershire,  149 

Odell  (Rev.  F.  J.),  R.N.,  on  Kellond surname,  220. 
Proclamation  stones,  178 

Old  East  Anglian  on  Markshall  and  Fuller  family, 
78.  Stags  and  eglantine  on  crests,  13 

Oldroyd  (Rev.  J.  B.)  on  "  Go  to  Exeter "  in 
murder  trial,  14 

Oliphant  (E.  H.  C.)  on  authorship  of  play  "  Double 
Falsehood,"  30,  60,  86 

Oliver  (V.  L.),  F.S.A.,  on  inscriptions  in  Maryle- 
bone  burial  ground,  236.  Marthas  at  West- 
minster, 277.  Plays  at  Westminster  School, 
164 

Oliphant  (W.  Elwin)  on  elephant  and  Oliphant, 
334 

Oliver  (V.  L.)  on  Neate  family,  50 

Oughtred  (A.  E.)  on  Heraldic  :  Sa.,  a  lion  ram- 
pant between  six  fusils  in  pale,  154.  "  Rain 
cats  and  dogs,"  108 

Owen  (Douglas)  on  "As  dead  as  a  door-nail,"  303 

Oxberry  (John)  on  Wright  (A.  B.),  historian  and 
actor,  78 

Oyez  on  Forster  family  of  Hanslope,  61 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


AUTHORS'    INDEX. 


363 


P.  (C.  H.  S.)  on  epitaplTto  slave,  81 

P.  (F.  J.)  on  key  to  "  Trilby,"  245 

P.  (G.)  on  Gilbert  White'sTsupposed  portrait,  333 

P.  (C.  A.)  on  key  to  "  The  Private  Life  of  Henry 
Maitland,"  269 

P.  (W.  S.)  on  '  The  Village  Blacksmith's  '  Shop, 
248 

Page  (F.)  on  atithor  of 'quotation  wanted,  295 

Page  (John  T.)  on^augury  in  Shakespeare,  116. 
Authors  of  quotations  wanted,  26.  Heraldic  : 
sable,  on  a  chevron  argent,  80.  Pre-Raphaelite 
stained  glass,  74.  Bain  and  mowing,  supersti- 
tion, 41.  Raleighv(Sir  Walter),  51.  Statues 
and  memorials  in  the  British  Isles,  89,  245 

palmer  (J.  Foster)  on  Caractacus  and  Druids,  275. 
Cockle  (James),  190.  The  gender  of  "  Dish  "  in 
Latin,  266.  "  Oh,  dear  !  What  can  the  matter 
be  ?  "  Latin  version,  133.  "  Pro  pelle  cutem," 
93,  217.  Shakespeare  and  the  garden,  193. 
"  When  you  die  of  old  age  I  shall  quake  for 
fear,"  278  >*«»  ; 

Park  (Rev.  R.)  on  Charles  I.'s  journey  from 
Oxford  to  Southwell,  182.  Lord  Roberts'  death- 
place,  219 

Parker  (Harry)  on  etchings  by  T.  Parker,  241 

Parker  (R.  James)  on  Rev.  Sir  Robert  Peat,  23 

Parry  (G.  S.)  Lieut.-Col.,  on  inscriptions  in  St. 
John  the  Evangelist's,  Waterloo  Road,  63 

Patching  (John)  on  Queen  Anne  and  the  Sover- 
eign's Veto.  156 

Paterson  (Miss  E.  W.)  on  Scotland's  four  royal 
rivers,  291 

Paton  (Jas.  A.)  on  Shakespeare  and  the  garden, 
153 

Paul  (Miss  Bertha  F.  H.)  on  "Bambino  "wax 
figure,  207 

Pawson  (Montague)  on  Dr.  Stocks,  237 

Payen-Payne  (de  V.)  on  Gibbon's  prophecy  about 
'  Tom  Jones,'  268.  Keys  to  Du  Maurier's 
'  Trilby  '  and  Roberts'  '  Life  of  Henry  Mait- 
land,' 151.  Origin  of  word  "  camouflage,"  136. 
"  Rain  cats  and  dogs,"  108.  "  Spidometre," 
French  neologism,  287.  "  Toponymies,"  331 

Pearson  (Howard  S.)  on  Bluecoat  School  at 
Birmingham,  158 

Pengelly  (R.  S.)  on  Beaconsfield's  (Disraeli, 
Earl  of),  birthplace,  328.  Bluecoat  schools,  302. 
Dillon  (Chevalier  Peter),  272 

Penny  (Frank)  on  "  Deacon  in  love,"  104 

Phillips  (Lawrence)  on  "  If  I  should  die  to-night,' ' 
318.  An  unfinished  eleventh-century  law  case, 
293 

Phillips  (Maberly),  F.S.A.,  on  "  Old  Lady  of 
Threadneedle  Street,"  238 

Phillips  (Walter  H.)  on  convex  and  conic  lights, 
125  .;  .  :  -  »; 

Pierpoirit  (Robert)  on  Capt.  B.  Grant,  298. 
Dealers  in  back-magazines,  40.  Dessin's  Hotel, 
Calais,  20.  "  Est  melius  nunquam  felicia 
tempora  nosse,"  &c.,  317.  Exchange  of  souls  in 
fiction,  279.  "Fire  out,"  121.  "Hints  to 
Freshmen  in  the  University  of  Oxford,'  290. 
"  Let  the  weakest  go  to  the  wall,"  222.  Master 
gunner,  278.  Moresnet,  205.  "  Never  pro- 
phesy unless  you  know,"  315.  Origin  of  name 
"  Tanks,"  176.  A  Philadelphian  link  with 
London,  f  188.  Piano  legs  in  trousers,  261. 


Pierpoint  (Robert)  on 

Regimental  nicknames,  19.  The  Sovereign's 
Veto,  155,  214,  272.  "  State  room  " —  pas- 
senger's cabin,  104.  Tennyson  on  opium,  36. 
"  Yeoman  of  the  Mouth,"  322 

Pigott  (Wm.  Jackson)  on  Divorce  lists,  207. 
Vickers  family  of  Fulham,  123 

Pinchbeck  (W.  H.)  on  Folk-lore  :  red  hair,  218. 
Good  Friday  pleasure  fairs,  163  4  .-« 

Pinfolder  on  submerged  tracks  or  footpaths,  70 

Pirie-Gordon  (H.)  on  Alexander  Collingwood's 
wife,  320 

Pollard  (Harry  P.)  on  Huett  tomb,  206.  Mary 
Clarke  of  New  York,  236,  278 

Ponder  (S.)  on  a  version  of  "  Malbrook  s'en  va- 
t-en guerre,"  25  ( 

Powlett  (N.)  Col.,  on  lona  place-name,  40. 
'  Quentin  Durward,'  306.  A  tombstone  in- 
scrpition,  305.  "  Valhalla,"  its  form,  237 

Price  (Leonard  C.)  on  Andrews  family,  124. 
"  Argyles  "  or  gravy-pots,  154.  Arms  on  stone 
entablature,  293.  Chapman  family,  40.  Duffus 
family,  207.  Egioke  family,  14.  Garnham  and 
Hillman  families,  67.  Glamorgan  Volunteer 
Rangers,  67.  Le  Hardy  (F.)  miniaturist,  207 

Prima  Facie  on  Heraldic  :  stags  and  eglantyne, 
100 

Prior  (C.  M.)  on  Alabaculia,  name  of  racehorse,  98 

Prosser  (G.)  on  Richard  Prosser,  civil  engineer,  319 

Purblind  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,  322 


Quarrell  (W.'  H.)  on  metal  mortars,  277 


R.  (G.  R.  Y.)  on  Stanhopes  at  Westminster  School, 

218 

R.  (H.)  on  inscriptions  in  Gipping  Church,  138 
R.  (J.  H.)  on    bats  as  pattern  of  door-knockers, 

149.     "  Gram  "  in  place-names,  266.     MS.  list 

of  Crusaders,  236 
R.  (J.  P.)  on  "  Penniles  Bench,"  194.     Records  of 

merchant  marks,  22 
R.  (L.  G.)  on  absence  of  memorials  to  first  Duke 

of    Maryborough,    91.     "  The    beautiful    Mrs. 

Conduitt,"  321 
R.  (W.  D.)  on  rede-birds,  265 
Radford  (A.  J.  V.)  on  Thomas  Wakefield,  Hebraist, 

91 
Ramsey-Kent  (P.)  on  Kent  family  of  Winchester 

and  Reading,  52,  183 
Raner  (A.  Kate)  on  Boase  family,  161 
RatclifEe     (Thos.)     on     bird-scaring    songs,    132. 

"  Mantle-maker's  twist,"  75.     Smoking  before 

introduction  of  tobacco,  82 
Regi  Semper  Fidelis  on  Clifton  family,  98 
Rickword  (G.)  F.R.Hist.Soc.,  on  Bluecoat  schools, 

332 
Rivett-Carnac   (Col.   J.   H.)   on   Hotel  Bristol  in 

Calcutta,  25 

Rigbye  (R.  E.  Kellet)  on  Blades  family,  40 
Rockingham  on  toad-juice,  166 
Roe  (Herbert  C.)  on  Byron's  '  Don  Juan,'  cantos  17 

and  18,  240 
Rogers  (J.  Docwra)  on  brasses  at  East  Hatley, 

260 
Row   (Prescott)   on    church   briefs,   331.     '  Swiss 

Family  Robinson,'  320 


364 


AUTHORS'   INDEX. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


.Rowan  (A.  E.)  on  Boulogne  Begisters  and  Epi 
taphs,  222 

Rowe  ( J.  Hambley)  on  Sorrow's  proposed  book  on 
Cornwall,  237.  Boase  family,  95.  English 
parishes  in  1705,  122.  Giants'  names,  267. 
Harvey  (Francis)  of  Natal,  68.  Channel  Swin, 
95 

Budkin  (Major  H.  E.)  on  Blackman  and  Sampson 
families  of  Sussex,  181 

Bussell  (Constance,  Lady)  on  "  Argyles  "  or 
gravy-pots,  219.  Burning  of  fire-ship  Fire- 
brand, 317.  Coorg  State  princess,  296.  Denis 
(Sir  Peter),  242.  Hyde  (Edward),  D.D.,  104. 
Kettle  (Tilly),  189.  Mercury  drawn  by  two 
cocks,  214 

Bussell  (F.  A.)  on  meaning  of  "  water-pipes " 
(Psalm  xlii.),  50.  Topographical  slip  of 
Dickens,  37 


S.  on  Boutell's  punning  catalogue  of  painting  and 
sculpture,  173.  Definition  of  an  ambassador, 
243.  Matthew  Arnold  and  proving  a  negative, 
83 

S.  (C.  L.)  on  author  of  quotations  wanted,  223. 
Exchange  of  souls  in  fiction,  246 

S.  (F.  H.)  on  paten  or  salver,  134 

S.  (H.  K.  St.  J.)  on  "  Abdolla,"  its  meaning,  243. 
Johnson's  '  Anthologia  Graeca,'  10.  '  Hamlet,' 
Act  I.  sc.  iv.  36-8,  4.  "  Heater-shaped,"  22. 
Pre-Raphaelite  stained  glass,  74.  "  Pro  pelle 
cutem,"  250.  Wordsworth's  '  Excursion  '  and 
Grasmere  Church,  234 

S.  (J.)  on  ancient  customs,  318 

S.  (J.  W.)  on  Scotchman's  Post,  123 

S.  (W.  B.)  on  Ismenia,  25 

St.  Swithin  on  Anguish  Street,  165.  "  As  dead 
as  a  door-nail,"  304.  Bird-scaring  songs,  246. 
Bluecoat  School  at  York,  158.  Definition  of 
ambassador,  243.  Etymology  of  Grim  or 
Grime,  137.  "  Flummery,"  192.  George  Sel- 
wyn's  riddle,  188.  Good  Friday  pleasure  fairs, 
164.  Hereditary  long  hair,  177.  Indentures 
and  Frazer  (Sir  J.  G.),  148.  Master  gunners, 
211.  Missel  thrush  and  mistletoe  seeds,  132. 
Mrs.  Grundy,  233.  "  Royal  Ante  diluvian 
Order  of  Buffaloes,"  237.  St.  John  Baptist 
heads,  238.  Shakespeare  and  the  garden,  193. 
"  Sheer  hulk "  and  "  Spanish  Main,"  65. 
Soul's  attention  to  a  corpse,  205.  Swin 
Channel,  130.  Toad-juice,  70.  Trousered 
piano  legs,  301.  Two  popes  :  their  histories, 
305 

Salmon  (Principal  David)  on  Napoleon  I.  and 
Lord  John  RusseU,  48 

Sampson  (Rev.  G.)  on  bird-scaring  songs,  98. 
Missel  thrush  and  mistletoe  seeds,  98 

Samuel  (Arthur  Michael)  on  Emerson's  '  English 
Traits,'  275 

Sanigar  (Wm.)  on  astertion  flowers,  302.  Bell 
Tavern,  Broad  Street,  Bristol,  295.  Merchant 
marks  ,  23 

Scottish  Student  on  the  Ainslie  Bond,  41 

Seton-Anderson  (James)  on  Sir  Francis  Anderson's 
descendants,  122.  Baillie  (Dr.  George  Robert- 
son), 161.  Baillie  (Thomas),  293.  Boumphrey 
family,  67.  List  of  marriages,  262.  Simpson 
(Robert),  royal  farrier,  67.  Turner  (Wm.)  of 
Shrigley  Park,  94,  249 


Shakespear  (Col.  John)  on  1811  Derby  Race,  124. 

Shakespear    (Hon.     John)    of    Jamaica,     124. 

Shakespear   (John)   of  RatclifE   Highway,   151. 

Translations  wanted,  295 

Sharland  (Miss  E.  Cruwys)  on   "  Argyles,"  327. 

Paten  or  salver,  13 

Sharp  (W.)  on  white  horse  of  Kent  landscape,  25 
Sheridan  (R.  B.  C.)  on  Patrick  Brady,  291 
Sherwood  (George)  on  Boulogne  :  Registers  and 
Epitaphs,  223.  (   Fund  for  Preserving  Memorials 
of  the  Dead  in  Ireland,  218.     Manor  records, 
244.     Marriage    records,    305.     Million    Bank. 
222 
Singer  (Dorothea  Waley)  on  mediaeval  scientific 

MSS.,  206 

Smith  (Edward)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs,  130 
Smith  (Prof.  G.  C.  Moore)  on  "  Bonfire  Night," 
lines,  318.     Christmas  verses  spoken  by  child- 
ren, 46.     Puritan  and  his  cat,  232 
Smith  (John  Anderson),  M.D.,  on  pronunciation 

of  "  apochromatic,"  209,  277 
Smith  (J.  de  Berniere)  on  forgotten  writers,  189 
Smith  (O.  King)  on  St.  Cuthman,  76 
Smith  (W.  R.  F.)  on  Shropshire  names,  266 
Snell  (Molly  H.)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,. 

211 

Southam  (Col.  Herbert)  on  Allin  R.  Burt,  minia- 
ture painter,  167.  George  Street,  Portman 
Square,  London,  209.  House  wherein  Lord 
Roberts  died,  125.  Longest  bowshot,  180* 
Lucien  Bonaparte,  prisoner  in  England,  300. 
Master  gunners,  213.  Mrs.  Susan  Cromwell, 
277.  Submarine  boat  at  Paris,  1850,  162. 
"  Why  don't  they  eat  cake,"  162 
Sparke  (A.)  on  "  As  jolly  as  sandboys,"  279. 
Back-magazine  dealers,  104.  Bibliography  of 
epitaphs,  130.  Blackwell  Hall  Factor,  "306. 
Bonaparte  (Lucien),  prisoner  in  England,  300. 
Brown  (Joseph),  54.  Clay  balls  as  Christmas 
collecting  boxes,  80.  Clenock  (Rev.  Dr.)  161. 
Cock  as  the  French  national  emblem,  131. 
Court  of  St.  James,  3(24.  Cowap  surname,  247. 
Derivation  of  surnames,  325.  Domestic  use  of 
patens,  60.  Elephant  and  Oliphant.  301. 
Etymology  of  Grim  or  Grime,  137.  "  Fed  up," 
169.  Fenner  family,  274.  "  Flummery,"  149. 
Foundling  entries  in  parish  registers,  40. 
"  Get  the  needle,"  194.  Graves  planted  with 
flowers,  166.  Interment  in  other  families* 
graves,  121.  Knibb  (Joseph),  clockmaker,  241. 
Labour-in- Vain,  as  street  name,  193.  Longest 
bowshot,  220.  "  Lorribus,"  205.  Marazion, 
328.  Merchant  marks  and  ancient  finger-rings, 
22.  Million  Bank,  222.  New  Shakspere 
Society's  publications,  162.  Pseudonyms, 
293.  Rede-birds,  329.  Robertson,  minia- 
turist, of  Dublin,  249.  St.  Helena  '  Life  of 
Marlborough,'  108.  "  Scotchman's  Post,"  188. 
Shepherd  (George),  322.  Statues  and  Memo- 
rials in  the  British  Isles,  312.  Stewart  (Hon. 
Lieut.  George),  75.  Stocks  (Dr.  J.  E.),  333. 
Taylor  (Sir  Charles  Wm.),  Bt.,  190.  Souls  ex- 
changed in  fiction,  191.  War  slang,  19. 
Williams  (Miss  Helen  Maria),  244 
Speinchorn  (C.),  D.Phil.,  on  John  Norcross,  291 
Steiner  (Bernard  C.)  on  "  Nablette  "  and  "  Bonte- 

feu,"  66 

Stephen '(George  A.)  on  Norfolk  manuscripts,  217 
Stewart  (Alan)  on  J.  Turner,  painter,  131 
Stewart-Brown    (R.)   on    "  Thwertnic  "    or 

"  Thiertnie,"  old  Cheshire  custom,  93 
Stockley  (Prof.  W.  F.  P.)  on  changes  in  accentua- 
tion noted  in  '  New  English  Dictionary,,  32 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


AUTHORS'  INDEX. 


365 


Stocker  (Charles  J.)  on  George  Stocker,  Devonian 

priest,  183 
Stockton  (Helen  Hamilton)  on  Richard  Stockton 

of  Kiddington,  94 
Stone  (J.  Harris)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted, 

239. 
Stratton   (Charles   E.)   on   '  The  Poor  Thresher  ' 

(song),  66 
Strugnell   (G.    Kenneth)   on   schools,    &c.,   of  St. 

Dunstan's-in-the-East,  69 
Swithinbank  (J.  W.)  on  furniture  screws  and  pegs, 

236.     Three  metal  mortars,  209 
Swynnerton    (Charles),    F.S.A.,    on    a    Gloucester 

Charter  of  Henry  I.,  73 
Sykes  (H.   Dugdale)  on  Tourneur's   '  Revenger's 

Tragedy  '  ;  '  Second  Maiden's  Tragedy,'  225 


T.  (W.  M.)  on  "Clarte  est  la  bonne  foi  des 
philosophes,"  39,  135.  Coleridge  on  immor- 
tality, 39. 

T.  (Y.)  on  Brown  family  of  Brown's  Bay,  98. 
Byron's  bust  at  Oxford,  122 

Tapley-Soper  (H.)  on  Heraldic  :  captor  and  his 
captive's  arms,  133.  "  Scrounge,"  18.  "  Eye- 
wash," 19 

Tavare"  (Fred.  L.)  on  Charles  I.  farthing  found, 
195.  Cromwell  (Mrs.  Susan),  232.  Discoveries 
in  coins,  301.  Early  map  of  New  York,  204. 
Westcott  (Philip),  portrait  painter,  246 

Taylor  (J.  Marshall)  on  Bluecoat  Schools,  126 

Taylor  (William)  on  Prudentius's  '  Psychomachia,' 

Temple  (Sir  Richard  C.)  on  clayballs  as  Christmas 
collecting  boxes,  39.  Correspondence  of  Richard 
Edwards,  33,  117.  Four  gun  salute  at  officer's 
burial  at  sea,  38 

Thomas  (Ralph)  on  Cornish  biographers,  88 

Thorns  (Alex.)  on  "  scores,"  165 

Thorn-Drury  (G.)  on  William  Peer,  the  alleged 
actor,  331 

Thorne  (J.  R.)  on  "  Digger  "  and  "  Bill  Jim,"  19. 
Heart  burial,  134 

Toke  (N.  E.)  on  "  As  dead  as  a  door-nail,"  304 

Treich  (L.)  on  foreign  offspring  of  '  N.  &  Q.,'  38 

Tomson  (Octavius)  on  J.  Turner,  painter,  69 

Turner  (Frederic)  on  Moore  or  More  family  of 
Egham,  Surrey,  264,  284 

Turpin  (Pierre)  on  devils  blowing  horns,  186. 
Edward  the  Confessor's  crown,  238.  Repre- 
sentations of  the  Blessed  Trinity,  215 

Tyrrell  (T.  W.)  on  "  Three  Cripples  "  tavern,  334 


U 

Udal  (J.  S.)  F.S.A.,  on  hereditary  scholarship, 
297.  Shield  of  Flanders,  323.  Suggested 
change  in  the  Royal  Arms,  1 


V.  on  Fund  for  Preserving  MemoriaL=fof  the  Dead 

in  Ireland,  218 
Valeat    quantum,    on    Wright    family    of    South 

Elmsall,  159 
Venn  (John)  on  '^Alumni  Cantabrigienses.'£66 


W 


W.  (A.  T.)  on  Marazion  place-name,  328 

W.  (F.)  on  Finkle  as  street-name,  109 

W.  (G.  H.)  on  Charles  I.'s  journey  from  Oxford  to 
Southwell,  326.  Locality  of  Fremland,  Essex, 
295.  Nicholson  (General  John),  330.  Seven 
Kings,  place-name,  249.  Thames  tunnels,  298 

W.  (J.  B.)  on  '  Greek  Anthology  '  at  Eton,  75 

W.  (J.  C.)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs,  218 

W.  (J.  D.)  on  labour,  land  and  capital,  154 

W.  (W.  R.)  on  "  The  Derby  Blues,"  97.  Kent 
family,  106 

Wainewright  (John  B.)  on  '  Adeste  fideles  '  and 
Rabelais,  329.  "  As  dead  as  a  door-nail,"  304. 
Cambrai  and  Le  Cateau  mentioned,  1577,  26. 
Challoner's  (Richard)  family,  235.  Clenock 
(Rev.  Dr.),  161.  Clerke  (Edmund),  clerk  of  the 
Privy  Seal,  83.  Coorg  State  princess,  298. 
Cotesmore  (Thomas),  292,  334.  Derivation  of 
names,  326.  Durston  (John)  and  Dale  (John), 
276.  Executions  of  West-Country  priests,  96, 
332.  Emerson's  '  English  Traits,'  275.  For- 
gotten writers,  150.  Garrett,  Portuguese  poet, 
182.  Hoorde  (William),  179.  Hopkins,  Michell 
and  Cotesmore,  priests,  292.  Knibb  (Joseph), 
clockmaker,  123.  Lakes  Fascholler  and  Calen- 
dari,  13.  "  Lambendo  effingere  "  and  "  Lick 
into  shape,"  69.  Lewknor  family,  201.  '  The 
Light  Invisible,'  book-title,  123.  Maison  Rouge, 
Frankfort,  321.  Marazion,  328.  "  Non- 
naturals,"  176.  Occurrence  of  "  camouflage  " 
in  American  telegram,  42.  Old  clock  and 
watchmakers,  153,  237.  Peat  (Rev.  Sir 
Robert),  23.  Powell  (David)  priest  at  Brussels, 
295.  Richard  I.'s  captivity,  21.  Russell 
(Charles)  or  Russel,  Winchester  Scholar,  207. 
Rutter  family  name,  54.  St.  Henry  the 
Englishman,  50.  Scot  (Philip),  211.  '  Struw- 
welpeter '  in  English,  68.  Sylke  epitaph  at 
Exeter,  152.  Wainewright  (Jeremiah),  180. 
Warnford  (Richard),  Winchester  Scholar,  266, 
324.  Wodecocke  (Lawrence),  318 

Wallis-Tayler  (A.  W.)  on  Grafton,  Oxon.,  320. 
Hamilton  of  Liscloony,  317.  Longworth 
Castle,  Herefordshire,  320 

Walters  (H.  B.)  on  Hampshire  church  bells  and 
their  founders,  109 

Ward  (Joseph  Heald)  on  Herrick's  debt  to  Andrew 
Willet,  37.  Parkinson  family,  97 

Waters  (Arthur  W.)  on  Charles  Lamb's  em- 
ployers, 287 

Watkin  (Hugh  R.)  on  Crusaders'  names,  293. 
Kellond  surname,  189.  Proclamation  stones, 
275 

Watson-Taylor  (John)  on  Edward  Hyde,  D.D., 
105.  Louisa  spelt  Lueazer,  276 

Wayman  (H.  W.  B.)  on  Anguish  as  street-name, 
and  "  scores,"  165,  221 

Weekley  (Prof.  Ernest)  on  Cowap  surname,  247 

Weeks  (Wm.  Self)  on  Bell  and  Shoulder  tavern 
sign,  109.  Churches  used  for  election  of 
municipal  officers,  127.  Clay  balls  as  Christ- 
mas collecting  boxes,  79.  Foundling  entries  in 
Parish  Registers,  71.  Indentures,  211.  Mar- 
riage entries  in  duplicate,  198.  Rose  of 
Denmark  tavern  sign,  138.  St.  Alkelda,  190. 
'  Three  Black  Crows,'  its  authorship,  160 

Welby  (Alfred)  on  "  shiffle-shuffle,"  177 

Wheeler  (C.  B.)  on  points  in  '  Quentin  Dvrwardr 
268.  Tombstone  inscription,  305 


IJNJJJiiA. 


Notes  and  Queries,  Jan.,  1920. 


Wherry  (George)  on  George  Dyer's  portrait,  301 

White  (G.  H.)  on  "  Biager,"  24.  Bluecoat  Schools 
218.*=*  Daudet's  '  Jack,'  150.  Gloucester 
Charter,  and  Roger  de  Gloucester,  18,  73. 
Louisa  spelt  Leweezer,  276.  Roger  de  Glou- 
cester in  '  Domesday,'  233.  Souls  exchanged 
in  fiction,  191.  Spurious  charter,  261 

White  (Thos.)  on  Gibbon's  prophecy  about  *  Tom 
Jones,'  303 

Whitebrook  (J.  C.)  on  James  Wheatley,  cobbler, 
267 

Whitebrook  (Margaret)  on  Dickens  :  topographical 
slip,  and  peculiarity  of  style,  164.  Markshall 
and  Honywood  family,  78 

Whitehead  (Dr.  John  L.)  on  Hampshire  church 
bells,  46 

Whitfield  (A.  Stanton),  F.R.Hist.S.,  on  an  auto- 
graph fragment  of  Tennyson,  67 

Whitley  (William  T.)  on  Dessin's  Hotel,  Calais, 
51.  Morlandf  Gallery,  132 

Wienholt  (Mrs.  E.  C.)  on  hereditary  long  hair,  247. 

Wilberforce-Bell  (H.)  on  Parks  or  Perks  family, 
317.  Persons  of  name  of  Wilson,  293 

Willcock  (Dr.  John),  on  "  As  jolly  as  sandboys," 
180.  Scott's  satire  on  Church  of  England 
Marriage  Service,  208,  278.  Shetland  collection 
for  Breslau  churches,  181 

Williams  (Aneurin)  on  "  Abdolla,"  182.  Ann  of 
Swansea,  322.  Burton  (Richard),  95. 
Clenock  (Rev.  Dr.),  124.  "  Congewoi,"  its 
meaning,  264.  Edition  of  '  Baptiste  Mantuani 
Carmelite,'  12.  Fletcher  (John  William),  293. 
Griffith  (Ralph),  founder  of  The  Monthly  Review, 
236.  Hamilton  (Walter),  F.R.G.S.,  318. 
Hugo  (Rev.  Thomas),  207.  Lloyd  (Helicon), 
68.  Names  in  Carew  Tournament,  152.  Owens 
(Susannah).  68.  Translations  of  Christian 
Fathers,  330.  Williams  (Miss  Helen  Maria), 
180. v  Williams  (John),  c.  1671,  207.  Wilson 
(Richard)  R.A.,  his  pupils,  237 


Williams  (W.  R.)  on  Army  officers'  obituary, 
1727-60,  293.  Brassey  or  Bracey  family,  302. 
Concannon  family,  266.  Cromwell  (Oliver), 
ensign,  292.  Denis  (Sir  Peter),  242.  Dennfe 
the  hangman's  fate,  235.  English  Army  list 
of  1740,  270.  Grant  (Col.  Colquhoun),  250. 
Haviland  (General  William),  278.  Kettle 
(Tilly),  221.  Master  gunners,  212.  Million 
Bank,  222.  Taylor  (Sir  Charles  Wm.)  Bt.,  190. 
Tower  of  London  :  Yeoman  of  the  Guard  and 
Tower  warders,  192.  Uvedale  (Edmund),  316. 
Yeoman  of  the  Mouth,  his  duties,  239 

Wilson  (Mrs.  Georgina)  on  origin  of  Christina* 
carol,  320 

Wittam  (Philip)  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted, 

Wordsworth  (Chr.)  on  old  dance  tunes  hi  Salis- 
bury Cathedral  Library,  85 
Wright  (Herbert  G.)  on  an  uncle  of  Strindberg,  3 


X.X.  on  authors  of  quotations  wanted,  42 
Xylographer  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,  98» 
Hodges  (Charles  Howard),  engraver,  321 


Y.  (G.  R.)  on  author  of  quotation  wanted,  322 
Yates  (W.   S.)   on  Church  of  England  Marriage 

Service,  242 

Yeardye  (John)  on  Yeardye  family,  209 
Yeo  (W.  Curzon)  on  list  of  Bluecoat  Schools,  158 
Young  (D.  W.)  on  Melkart's  statue,  292 
Younge  (G.  W.)  on  bibliography  of  epitaphs,  274 


XONDON :  PRINTED  BY  THE  ATHEN^UM  PRESS,  BREAM'S  BUILDINGS,  CHANCERY  LANE,  E.C.4. 


Notes  and  queries 
305 
N7 

ser.12 
v.5 


PLEASE  DO  NOT  REMOVE 
CARDS  OR  SLIPS  FROM  THIS  POCKET 

UNIVERSITY  OF  TORONTO  LIBRARY